给排水专业英语词汇汇总
给排水专业英语汇总
给排水专业英语汇总废水 abwasser 排水系统 drainage system UNIT 1给水工程 water supply engineering 废水收集 wastewater collection 生活排水系统 sanitary system排水工程 sewetage engineering 废水处理 wastewater disposal 工业排水系统 industrial system市政工程 civil engineering 受纳水体 receiving waters 雨水排水系统stormwater system市政工程师 civil engineer 污染 pollution pollute 合流制 combined sewers环境工程 environmental engineering 污染物 pollntant 分流制 separate sewers水文学 hydrology 玷污、污染 contamination 建筑排水系统 building drainage system水力学 hydranlies 致污物 contaminant 卫生洁具 plumbing fixtures 水环境 natural aquatic environment 未污染 uncontaminated 卫浴设备bathroom fixtures流域 watershed 水污染 water pollution 输水系统 water transmission system水体 waterbody 水污染控制 water pollution control 漏水率 leakage rate地表水 surface water 水污染防治 water pollution prevention 配水系统water distribution system新鲜水 freshwater 污水回用 wastewater reuse 环状管网 grid system 地下水 groundwater 支状管网 branching system UNIT 2含水层 aquifer 水短缺 water scarcity 下水管道 sanitary sewer天然含水层 natural aquifer 地表水资源 surface water resource 污水节流管 intercepting sewer地下含水层 underground aquifer 管网 Pipe Network 污水节流系统intercepting sewer system水文循环 natural hydrologic cycle 供水系统 water supply system 污水节流井 sewage intercepting cell渗滤 infiltration 市政配水系统 municipal distribution system 支管collection sewer collector sewer降水 precipitation 建筑给水系统house water supply system 生活污水sanitary sewage渗入 precolation 分区供水系统 dual distribution system domestic sewage蒸发 evaporation 小区 micro district domestic wastewater蒸腾 transpiration 小社区 small community 工业污水 industrial wastewater城市水文循环 urban hydrologic cycle 冷水供水系统 cold water supply system 工业污水/液/物 industrial wastes水源 water source 热水供水系统 hot water supply system 农业用水agricultural wastewater/wastes水资源 water resource 消防系统 fire protection system 雨水 rainwater stormwater取水 water withdrawal 喷淋系统 fire protection sprinkler system 水位waterlevel水处理 water treatment 自动水幕系统 automatic drencher system 海拔、标高 elevation配水 water distribution 半自动水幕系统坡度 grade用水 water use semi automatic drencher system 倾斜度 slope污水 wastewater 消火栓 hydrant 明渠 Open channel1开挖 excavation 层流 Laminar flow 病原微生物 Pathogenic micro organisms深度 excavation depth 滞流粘性流 viscous flow 病原体 Pathogenic 水力分析 hydraulic analysis 过渡流 Transitional flow 病毒 Pathogenic bacterin水头 pressure head 湍流 Turbulent flow 细菌 Bacteria总水头 total head 紊流 Turbulence flow 大肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria 涡流 Eddying flow 病毒 Viruses Unit 3水头损失 Head loss 雷诺数 Teynolds number 藻类 Algae速度头动压头 Velocity head 水质 Water guality 浊度 Turbidity 静压Static head 水源 Water sources 放射性 Radionuclide 摩擦水头 Friction head 供水水源 Water supples 感官性状 Esthetic qualities 水力坡度线Hydranlic grade line 原水 Raw water 审美 Esthetic 重力流 Gravity flow 未处理水 Untreated water 味 Taste水塔 Water castle 出水 Finished water 嗅 Odo贮水箱 Cistern 原水水质 Raw-water quality 色 Colour泵站 Pump station 水质标准 Water quality standards 变色Discolouration 给水泵站 Water pump station 水质要求 Water quality requirements 变色 Discolor 污水泵站 Sewage station 饮用水 Drinkwater\potable water 水质物理参数 Physical parameters of water quality 提升泵站 Lift pumping plant 自来水 Tap water 水的物理性质 Physical quality of water 增压泵 Booster pump 纯水 Pure water 浊度值 Turbidity values 离心泵 Centrifugal pump 饮用水标准 Drinking water standards 浊度单位 Turdidity unit 潜水泵 Submer sible pump 饮用水一级标Primarydrinking water standards 浑浊单位 Turdid 潜水艇 Submerine 最大允许浓度Maxmum permissible levels 嗅阈值 Threshold odor number 深井泵 Well pump maxmum allowable levels 化学性质 Chemical quality 虹吸虹吸管 Siphon 最大污染物浓度 Maxmum contaminant levels 水质化学参数Chemical parametersof water quality 人孔 Manhole 主要污染物 Primary contaminants 溶解氧Dissolved oxygen (DO) 法兰 Flange 有机化合物 Organic chemicals 溶解氧浓度 Do level 阀门 Valve 合成有机化合物 Synthetic organic chemicals 溶解氧平衡 Do balance 闸阀 Gate valve 挥发性有机化合物 Volatile organic ohemicals 氧损 Oxygen depletion 泵送系统 Pumping system 无机化合物Inorganic chemical 有机污染物 Organic pollutant 流量 Flow rate 微生物Micro organisms\microbes 生化需氧量 Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 流速Fluid velocity 微生物污染 Microbial contaminants 总氮 Total nitrogen (TN)2总凯式氮 Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) 保证 Preserve 分离 Separate悬浮固体 Suspended solids (SS) 清洗剂 Cleaning agent 隔离 Separation 总悬浮固体 Total suspended solids (TSS) 洗涤剂 Detergent 物理法 Physicalprocess 溶解 Dissolved (DS) 发泡剂 Foaming agent 物理处理 Physical treatment 总溶解 Total dissolved (TDS) 泡沫 Foam 物理处理过程 Physical treatment process化肥 Fertilizer 一级处理 Primary treatment Unit 4溶解的铁和锰 Dissolved iron and manganese 肥沃的 Fertile 初步处理Preliminary treatment 硬度 Hardness 富营养化 Eutrophication 格栅筛滤Screening 碱度 Alkalinity 营养的 Trophic 格栅 Screen盐度 Salinity 营养水平 Trophic level 格栅 Bar screen 有害物质 Toxic and hazardous materials 生态位 Niche 栅条 Bars氰化物 Cyanides 钢栅条 Steel bars Unit 5急性毒性 Acute toxity 原污水 Raw sewage 渣耙 Cleaning rakes 慢性毒性Chronic toxity 原废水 Raw wastes 圆形破碎机 Circular grinder 基因毒性Genetic toxicity 处理水 Treated wastes 破碎 Grind基因 Gene 回用水 Redaimed water 除砂 Degritting 难降解有机化合物Refractory organic chemicals 水处理过程 Water processing 砂 Grit 永久性有机污染物 Persistent organic pollutants 收集 Collect 沙 Sand 致癌化学性 Carcinogenic chemicals 处置 Dispose 除砂 Grit removal 三卤甲烷 Trihalo methanes 处理方法 Treatment method 沉砂池 Grit chamber 卤素 Halogen 处理费用 Treatment costs 沉淀 Settling 甲基 Methyl 处理单元Treatment process 沉淀池 Settling tank 氯仿 Trichloromethane 运行模式Operational mode 澄清池 Clarifier 三氯甲烷 Chloroform 间歇处理方式 Batch treatment approach 初澄清池 Primary clarifier 杀虫剂农药 Pesticide 均匀均化 Equalization 初沉池 Primary settling tank 害虫 Pest 均匀 Equalize 一级出水 Primary effluent 杀虫剂 Insecticide 调蓄水池 Equalizationstorage 二级处理 Secondary treatment 除草剂 Herbicide 调节池Equalization tank 二级处理工艺 Secondary treatment process 杀菌剂Germicide 蓄水池 Storage tank 生物处理 Biological treatment 细菌 Germ 降解 Degrade 二澄清池 Secondary clarifier 防腐剂 Preservative 分解Decompose 二沉池 Secondary settling tank3最终澄清池 Final clarifier 第五部分: 物化处理最终沉淀池 Final settling tank 1(混凝 n. coagulation 2(沉淀 n. sedimentation 二级出水 Secondary effluent 混凝过程 coagulation process 沉降 n. sedimentation 三级处理 Tertiary treatment 化学混凝 chemical coagulation 自由沉降 plain settling 深度处理 Advanced treatment 凝聚 n. aggregation 拥挤沉降 hindered settling 废水消毒 Waste disinfection 絮凝n. flocculation 重力沉降 gravity settling 出流出水 Effluent flow v. flocculate 沉淀池 settling tank 允许浓度 Allowable levels 异向絮凝perikinetic flocculation 沉淀池，沉降池 sedimentation tank 优异出水High-quality polished effluent 同向絮凝 orthokinetic flocculation 矩形沉淀池 rectangular settling tank 废水处理厂 Wastewater treatment plant 混凝剂 n. coagulant 圆形沉淀池 circular settling tank 污水处理厂 Sewage treatment plant 混凝剂投量 coagulant dosage 管式沉淀池 tube settler 二级处理厂 Secondary treatment plant 烧杯实验 jar test 斜管沉淀池 steeply inclined tube settler 城市污水处理最佳混凝剂投量 optimum coagulant dosage 板式沉淀池 parallel-plate settlerMunicipal wastewater treatment 助凝剂 coagulant aid 板式沉淀池 plate separator 市政工程 Municipal engineering 助凝剂 flocculation aid 气浮 n.floatation 土木工程 Civil engineering 聚电解质 n. polyelectrolytes 泡沫分离 foam separation 城市污水处理厂快速混合 flash-mix , 溶气气浮dissolved-air floatationMunicipal wastewater treatment plant rapid-mix 气浮池 floatationtank 污水处理能力 Sewage treatment capacity 快速混合器 flash mixer , 表面撇渣装置 surface-skimming device 电容 Capacitance rapid mixer 撇去 v. skim污水处理设施 Municipal treatment facilities 混合池 mixer tank 浮渣 n. scum多反应器设施 Multi-reactor facility 快速混合池 flash-mix tank 浮渣槽scum trough 处理池 Treatment tank 絮凝器 n. flocculator 刮泥机 sludge scraper 负荷 Load 絮凝池 flocculation tank 排泥 sludge drawoff 负荷Loadings sludge withdrawal 水力负荷 Hydrautic loading 固体接触池 solids-contact tank 预沉淀 n. presedimentation 污染负荷 Pollutant load 澄清 n. clarification 预沉淀池 presedimentation basin 有机负荷 Organic load v. clarify无机负荷 Inorganic load 澄清池 n. clarifier 3(过滤 n. filtration 不含化肥、农药无机的 Unorganic 高负荷澄清池 high rate clarifier 滤池 n. filter 周期性负荷 Periodic(intermitlent) loading 澄清水 clarifying water 慢滤池 slow filter4快滤池 rapid filter 自由氯，游离氯 free chlorine ,高速(负荷)滤池 high rate filter 4(消毒 n. disinfection freeavailable chlorine砂滤池 sand filter v. disinfect 化合氯 combined chlorine慢砂滤池 slow sand filter 消毒剂 n. disinfectant 剩余保护 residual protection快砂滤池 rapid sand filter disinfection agent 余氯 residual chlorine 重力滤池 gravity filter 杀菌剂 n. germicide 余氯量 chlorine residual 压力滤池 pressure filter 消毒过程 disinfection process 自由余氯 free residual chlorine过滤介质，滤料 filter medium 消毒副产物 disinfection by-products 自由氯余量 free chlorine residual石英砂 silica sand 氯化 n. chlorination 化合余氯 combined residual chlorine无烟煤 n. anthracite v. chlorinate 化合氯余量 combined chlorine residuals硅藻土 diatomaceous earth 氯化水 chlorinated water 折点氯化(法) breakpoint chlorination煤—砂滤床 coal-sand beds 预氯化 n. prechlorination 折点氯化曲线breakpoint chlorination curve多层滤料 multilayered media 氯化消毒副产物 by-products ofchlorination 折点加氯量 breakpoint dosage混合滤料 mixed media 化学消毒剂 chemical disinfectants 氯折点chlorine breakpoint双层滤料滤池 dual media filter 液氯 liquid chlorine , 压力钢瓶pressured steel cylinder双层滤池 two-layer filter liquefied chlorine 臭氧发生器 ozone generator粗滤料 coarse media 氯胺 n. chloramines 需臭氧量 ozone demand细滤料 fine media 次氯酸盐 hypochlorites 剩余臭氧量 ozone residual 助滤剂 filter aid 次氯酸钠 sodium hypochlorite 剩余臭氧 residual ozone滤后水，滤出水 filtered water 二氧化氯 chlorine dioxide滤后水，滤池出水 filter effluent 臭氧 n. ozone 致病微生物，病源微生物滤前水，滤池进水 filter influent 臭氧化，臭氧消毒 n. ozonation pathogenic microorganisms浊度穿透 turbidity breakthrough 臭氧化 v. ozonate 病原体 n. pathogens过滤周期 filter cycle 紫外线 (UV) ultraviolet radiation (UV) 致病细菌或病毒 pathogenic bacteria or viruses清洗周期 cleaning cycle 伽马射线 gamma radiation 细菌 n. bacteria 刮砂法 scraping method 灭活 n. inactivation 大肠杆菌 coliform bacteria表面刮砂 surface scraping v. inactivate 阿米巴氏菌 amoebic cysts 反冲洗 backwashing 接触时间 contact time 孢子，芽孢 n. spores水力反冲洗 hydraulic backwashing 需氯量 chlorine demand 病毒 n. viruses水力反冲洗 hydraulic backwash 加氯量，投氯量 chlorine dosage , 藻类n. algae水力分级 hydraulic grading applied chlorine 原生动物 n. protozoa5离子交换柱 ion exchange column 沉淀软化 precipitation softening 5(氧化 n. oxidation 硬度 n. hardness 电解 n. electrolysis还原 n. reduction 除硬 hardness removal 电除盐 (EDI) n. electrodeionization氧化剂 n. oxidant 软化 n. softening 吹脱、汽提法 n. stripping强氧化剂 strong oxidizing agent v. soften高级氧化法 (AOP) advanced oxidation process 化学软化 chemical softening 冷却 n. cooling高级氧化工艺 (AOP) advanced oxidation process 沉淀软化 precipitation softening 冷却水 cooling water高级氧化过程 (AOP) advanced oxidation process 除盐，脱盐 n. desaltination 冷却塔 cooling tower高级氧化技术 (AOT) v. desalt 第六部分生物处理advanced oxidation technology 去矿化 n. demineralization 生物反应器n. bioreactorv. demineralize 微生物 n. microorganisms 6(吸附 n. adsorption 离子交换软化法 ion exchange softening process n. microbes活性炭 (AC) activated carbon 离子交换除盐法 ion exchange desalting process 微生物种群 microbial population粉末炭 (PAC) powdered activated carbon 复床 combined bed 混合群落mixed communities粒状炭 (GAC) granular activated carbon 混合床 mixed bed 细菌 n. bacteria颗粒活性炭(GAC) granular activated carbon 原生动物 n. protozoa活性炭纤维 (ACF) activated carbon fiber 8(膜分离 membrane separation 真菌 n. fungi再生 n. regeneration 微滤 n. microfiltration 轮虫 n. rotifersv. regenerate 超滤 n. hyperfiltration 生长 n. growth吸附剂 n. adsorbent 纳滤 n. nanofiltration 繁殖 n. reproduction 吸附质 n. adsorbate 反渗透 reverse osmosis 世代时间 generation time 吸附塔，吸附柱 adsorption column 渗透 n. osmosis 生长速率 growth rates吸附床 adsorption bed 半透膜 semipermeable membrane 环境因子environmental factors空床接触时间 empty bed contact time 电渗析 n. electrodialysis 生态因子 ecological factors吸附带 mass transfer zone 渗析 n. dialysis 微生物生长动力学microbial growth kinetics快速小柱试验 rapid small scale column test 1. 迟滞期 lag phase生物活性炭 (BAC) biological activated carbon 9(其它处理方法 2. 对数生长期 exponential-growth phase中和 n. neutralization 3. 减速生长期 decling growth phase 7(离子交换n. ion exchange v. neutralize 稳定期 stationary phase离子交换树脂 ion exchange resin 酸性废水 acidic wastes 4. 内源呼吸阶段 endogenous stage离子交换器 ion exchanger 化学沉淀 chemical precipitation 内源生长期endogenous growth phase6内源呼吸 endogenous respiration v. stabilize 回流活性污泥 (RAS) returned activated sludge生物代谢 biological metabolism 回流污泥 returned sludge底物，基质 n. substrate 微生物代谢 microbial metabolism 回流污泥recycled sludge底物(基质)利用 substrate utilization 好氧的 a. aerobic 剩余污泥excess sludge生物量 n. biomass 好氧菌 aerobic bacteria 废活性污泥 (WAS) waste activated sludge生物反应 biological reaction 好氧微生物 aerobic microorganisms 废污泥 waste sludge生物氧化 biological oxidation 好氧氧化 aerobic oxidation 曝气池aeration tank生物降解 n. biodegradation 厌氧的 a. anaerobic 曝气池 aeration basin 生物降解性 n. biodegradability 厌氧菌 anaerobic bacteria 曝气池aeration chamber生物可降解的，可生物降解的 a. biodegradable 厌氧氧化 anaerobic oxidation 完全混合曝气池 completely mixed aeration basin 不可生物降解的 a. nonbiodegradable 兼性的 a. facultative 活性污泥池activated sludge tank生物处理 biological treatment 兼性菌 facultative bacteria 曝气 n. aeration废水生物处理 biological wastewater treatment 好氧环境 aerobic environment 混合 n. mixing废水生物处理系统 biological wastewater treatment 厌氧环境 anaerobic environment 曝气系统 aeration system system 营养物 n. nutrients 曝气器 n. aerator污水生物处理系统 biological sewage treatment 无机营养物 inorganic nutrients 压缩空气 compressed air system 营养物去除 nutrient removal 空气压缩机，空压机 air compressor生物处理法 biological treatment process 营养物生物去除biological nutrient removal 鼓风机，风机 n. blower生物处理装置 biological treatment unit 脱氮除磷 nitrogen and phosphorus removal 循环/切换 n. cycling/switchover串联 in series 生物硝化 biological nitrification 扩散装置，扩散器 n. diffuser悬浮生长处理法 suspended-growth treatment processes 硝化菌nitrifying bacteria 空气扩散装置，空气扩散器 air diffuser 生物固体 biological solids 生物反硝化，生物脱氮 biological denitrification 鼓泡空气扩散装置(扩散器) bubble air diffuser 活性污泥 activated sludge 生物除磷 biological phosphorus removal 微气泡扩散装置(扩散器) fine-bubble diffuser附着生长处理法 attached-growth treatment processes 扩散板 plate diffuser附着的微生物 attached microbes 1(活性污泥法 activated sludge process 扩散管 tube diffuser微生物附着生长 attached microbial growth 微生物 n. microorganisms n. microbes 扩散罩 dome diffuser生物膜 n. biofilm 细菌 n. bacteria 微气泡扩散曝气 fine-bubblediffused aeration生物絮体 biological floc 微气泡 fine-bubble代谢 n. metabolism 微生物絮体 microbial floc 大气泡 coarse-bubble v. metabolize 活性污泥 activated sludge 静态混合器 static mixer稳定，稳定化 n. stabilization 絮状活性污泥 flocculate-bacterial sludge 机械曝气系统 mechanical aeration systems7机械曝气 mechanical aeration 传统活性污泥厂 conventional activated sludge plant 序批式反应器 (SBR) sequencing batch reactor (SBR) 表面曝气 surface aeration 阶段曝气活性污泥step aeration activated sludge process 序批式反应器 (SBR) sequential batch reactor 表面曝气器 surface aerator 分段 v. step 初沉 primary clarification 需氧量 oxygen demand 进水负荷 influent load 曝气 n. aeration供气量 air supply 分段进水 step loading 二沉 secondary clarification 氧转移效率 oxygen tansfer efficiency 渐减 v. taper 初沉池 primary clarifier渐减曝气 tapered aeration 二沉池 secondary clarifier可沉降固体 settleable solids 接触稳定活性污泥法泵送系统 pumping system挥发性固体 volatile solids contact stabilization activated sludge process 活性污泥法 activated sludge process非挥发性固体 nonvolatile solids 再曝气 n. reaeration 变体 n. variant 挥发性悬浮固体 (VSS) volatile suspended solids 曝气—沉淀—再曝气SBR运行周期 SBR cycle混合液 mixed liquor aeration-sedimentation-reaeration 处理周期process cycle混合液悬浮固体 (MLSS) mixed liquor suspended 完全好氧处理法进水阶段fill phase solids complete aerobic treatment process 进水阀 influent valve混合液挥发性悬浮固体 (MLVSS) mixed liquor volatile 高负荷(完全混合)活性污泥法反应阶段 react phase suspended solids high-rate (completely mixed) activated sludge process 沉淀阶段 settle phase污泥沉降比 (SV) settling velocity 延时曝气活性污泥法清水，上清液clear water污泥容积指数 (SVI) sludge volume index extended aeration activated sludge process 上清液 n. supernatant比耗氧速率 (SOUR) specific oxygen uptake rate 延时曝气法 extended aeration process 排水阶段 draw phase延时曝气 extended aeration 滗水阶段 decant phase污泥龄 sludge age 氧化沟 oxidation ditch 滗水装置 decant mechanism 曝气池容积 aeration tank volume 水平转刷 horizontal rotor 闲置阶段，待机阶段 idle phase 曝气时间 aeration period 转刷曝气 rotor aeration曝气时间 aeration time 笼型转刷 caged rotor 营养物去除 nutrient removal 水力停留时间 (HRT) hydraulic residence time 吸附—生物降解工艺(AB法) 营养物生物去除 biological nutrient removal水力负荷 hydraulic loading adsorption-biodegradation process 碳源carbon sourceBOD负荷 BOD loading 序批式活性污泥法 (SBR法) sequencing batchreactor 硝化 n. nitrification(SBR) process、 v. nitrify普通活性污泥法 conventional activated sludge process 序批式活性污泥法 (SBR法) sequential batch reactor 硝化菌 nitrifying bacteria 传统活性污泥法 conventional activated sludge process (SBR) process反硝化 n. denitrification标准活性污泥法 standard activated sludge process SBR法 SBR process v. denitrify8脱氮 n. denitrification methane-forming bacteria生物反硝化，生物脱氮生物转盘法 biodisc process 有机酸 organic acids biological denitrification 生物转盘 rotating biological contactor 挥发性脂肪酸 (VFAs) volatile fatty acids缺氧—好氧脱氮工艺 (A/O法) 生物转盘 n. biodiscanoxic-oxic process 塑料盘片 plastic discs 硫酸盐还原 sulfate reduction2 厌氧—缺氧—好氧法 (A/O法) 轻质盘片 lightweight discs 硫酸盐还原菌sulfate-reducing bacteriaanaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process 水平轴 horizontal shaftA-A-O法同步脱氮除磷工艺生物粘液 biological slime 上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process 粘液层 slime layer upflow anaerobic sludge blanket脱氮除磷 nitrogen and phosphorus removal 上升流速 upflow velocity 厌氧氨氧化 (ANAMMOX) 生物流化床 biological fluidized bedanaerobic ammonium oxidation biological fluidised bed 厌氧折流板反应器 (ABR)生物除磷 biological phosphorus removal 生物流化床反应器 fluidized-bed bioreactor anaerobic baffled reactor移动床生物膜反应器 (MBBR)膜生物反应器 (MBR) moving-bed biofilm reactor 两段或两级厌氧生物处理two-stage anaerobicmembrane biological reactor biotreatment2(生物膜法 3(厌氧生物处理两相厌氧生物处理 two-phase anaerobic biotreatment产酸相 acidogenic phase生物膜 n. biofilm 发酵 n. fermentation 产甲烷相 methanogenic phase 生物膜反应器 biofilm reactor v. fermentate生物滤池 n. biofilter 产酸细菌 n. acidogens 消化 n. digestion生物过滤 n. biofiltration 产甲烷细菌 n. methanogens v. digest旋转布水器 rotary sprinkler 产酸阶段 acidogenic phase 消化池 n. digestor填料 n. packings 产甲烷阶段 methanogenic phase 厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion塑料管状或蜂窝状填料 plastic tubular or 水解 n. hydrolysis 污泥消化sludge digestion honeycomb-shaped packings v. hydrolysis 厌氧消化池anaerobic digestor滴滤池 trickling filter 产酸发酵 acidogenic fermentation 厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process普通生物滤池 trickling filter 产氢产乙酸 H-producing acetogenesis 厌氧膨胀床反应器 2高负荷生物滤池 high-rate filter 产甲烷 methanogenesis anaerobic expanded-bed reactor塔式生物滤池 tower biofilter 产酸菌 acid formers 厌氧流化床反应器曝气生物滤池 (BAF) biological aerated filter 产甲烷菌 methane formers , anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor9厌氧生物转盘厌氧塘 anaerobic pond 过滤作用 filtering actionanaerobic rotating biological contactor 曝气塘 aerated pond 吸附作用adsorption action修饰塘 polishing pond 地表漫流土地处理系统 4(自然生物处理系统熟化塘maturation lagoon overland flow land treatment system深度处理塘 advanced treatment pond 地表漫流 overland flow自然净化系统 natural purification system 三级处理塘 tertiary treatment pond 径流集水沟 runoff collection ditch稳定塘 stabilization ponds 物理、化学和生物过程stabilization lagoons 土地处理工艺(过程) land treatment processes physical , chemical , and biological processes氧化塘 oxidation ponds 关键因素 critical factors 湿地 n. wetland 土地处理系统 land treatment systems 土壤类型 soil type 天然湿地natural wetland废水土地处理 land treatment of wastewater 气候 n. climate 人工湿地constructed wetland净化过程 purification process 土地处理系统 land treatment systems man-made wetland自然净化 natural purification 慢速土地处理系统slow rate land treatment system 第七部分:污泥处理、处置与利用污水塘 sewage lagoon 低负荷土地处理系统污泥 n. sludge稳定塘 stabilization ponds low-rate land treatment system 生活污水污泥 sewage sludgestabilization lagoons 三级处理水平 tertiary treatment level 污泥体积，污泥量 sludge volume氧化塘 oxidation ponds 灌溉 n. irrigation 原污泥，生污泥 raw sludge 好氧塘 aerobic pond v. irrigate 新鲜污泥，生污泥 fresh sludge兼性塘 facultative pond 土壤的天然过滤和吸附性质消化污泥，熟污泥digested sludge好氧生化反应 aerobic biochemical reaction natural filtration and adsorption properties of soil 混合污泥 mixed sludge厌氧生化反应 anaerobic biochemical reaction 投配的废水 applied wastewater 污泥处理 sludge treatment厌氧分解 anaerobic decomposition 垄—沟表面布水污泥处置 sludge disposal厌氧分解 decompose anaerobically ridge-and-furrow surface spreading 最终处置 ultimate disposal好氧稳定 aerobic stabilization 喷洒布水系统，喷灌布水系统 sprinkler systems 填埋 n. landfill细菌 n. bacteria 快速渗滤土地处理系统 rapid infiltration land藻类 n. algae treatment system 污泥减量 sludge volume reduction 微型植物 microscopic plants 渗滤—渗透土地处理 infiltration-percolation land 污泥稳定化 sludge stabilization出流，出水 effluent flow treatment光合作用 n. photosynthesis 快速渗滤 rapid infiltration (污泥)浓缩 n. thickening快速渗滤法 rapid infiltration method 污泥浓缩 sludge thickening10稳定，稳定化 n. stabilization 溢流 v. overflowv. stabilize 堰 n. weir 厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion稳定了的污泥 stabilized sludge 气浮浓缩 floatation thickening 厌氧污泥消化 anaerobic sludge digestion调理(调节) n. conditioning 溶气气浮 dissolved-air floatation 有盖的圆形池 covered circular tankv. condition 气浮池 floatation tank 消化过程 digestion process脱水 n. dewatering 入流污泥 influent sludge 厌氧消化过程 anaerobic digestion processv. dewater 污泥絮体 sludge flocs 生化反应 biochemical reactions 干化 n. drying 撇去 v. skim 有机酸 organic acids污泥干化场 sludge drying bed 漂浮污泥层 floating sludge layer 挥发性脂肪酸 (VFAs) volatile fatty acids污泥干燥 heat drying 甲烷气 methane gas干燥器 n. dryer 污泥消化 sludge digestion 末端产物 end product污泥焚烧，污泥焚化 n. incineration 消化池 n. digester 指示剂 n. indicator焚烧炉，焚化炉 n. incinerator 消化池装置 digester unit 污泥消化池气体 sludge digester gas消化 n. digestion 污泥沉淀 sludge settling污泥浓缩 sludge thickening v. digest 污泥储存 sludge storage物理过程 physical process 有机固体 organic solids 消化污泥 digested sludge含水过多的污泥 watery sludge 生化分解 biochemical decomposition 充分消化的污泥 well-digested sludge稀污泥 thin sludge 好氧消化 aerobic digestion 消化池上清液 digester supernatant处理装置 treatment unit 好氧污泥消化 aerobic sludge digestion 中温消化 mesophilic digestion浓缩池 n. thickener 好氧消化过程 aerobic digestion process 高温消化thermophilic degestion重力浓缩 gravity thickening 活性污泥池 activated sludge tank重力浓缩池 gravity thickener 预制的(成套)活性污泥处理系统污泥脱水sludge dewatering圆形污水沉淀池 prefabricated (package) activated sludge treatment 混合堆肥 co-compostingcircular sewage sedimentation tank systems刮泥机 sludge scraper 预制的接触稳定或污泥处理总成本overall sludge-handling costs搅拌作用 stirring action prefabricated contact stabilization or底流 n. underflow 延时曝气处理系统第八部分:废水回用浓缩的底流 thickened underflow extended aeration treatment systems地表水资源 surface water resource浓缩污泥 thickened sludge BOD负荷 BOD loading 地下水资源 groundwater resource出水 n. effluent 细胞物质 cellular mass 水短缺 water scarcity上清液 n. supernatant 内源衰亡 endogenous decay 回用 n. , v. reuse11废水回用 wastewater reuse 工艺废水，过程废水 process wastewaters 直接回用 direct reuse 工艺补充水，过程补充水 plant process makeup water 直接废水回用 direct wastewater reuse 冷却塔水 cooling tower water 间接回用indirect reuse 选择性处理 optional treatment 间接废水回用 indirect wastewater reuse 水费 water costs出水处理 effluent treatment 回用的城市污水回用水 reclaimed water reclaimed municipal wastewater 排放 n. , v. discharge 工业过程 industrial processes 保留 n. retention 冷却水 cooling water循环 n. recycling 锅炉给水 boiler feedwaterv. recycle 灌溉回用 irrigation reuse 部分处理 n. partial treatment废水直接灌溉direct irrigation with wastewater 最终用途 end use 低负荷土地处理系统 low-rate land treatment system 城市污水回用 municipal wastewater reuse 间接灌溉回用 indirect reuse for irrigation 灌溉 n. irrigation 废水排放 wastewater discharge 景观灌溉 landscape irrigation 雨水回用 storm water reuse 地下水回灌 groundwater recharge 可回用水reusable waterPart ?: 第九部分:市政回用 municipal reuse 投资成本，投资费(用) capital costs 直接市政回用 direct municipal reuse 建设成本，建设费(用) construction costs 深度处理，高级处理 advanced treatment 运行成本，运行费(用) operating costs 分质供水系统 dual-distribution system 能耗成本 energy costs 间接市政回用 indirect municipal reuse 运行维护 operation and maintenance 供水系统，给水系统 water supply system 运行控制 operational control 取水口 n. intake 控制系统 control system 天然同化能力 natural assimilative capacity 仪表/控制系统人工回灌 artificial recharge instrumentation/control system 深井注射deep-well injection 自动控制系统，自控系统浅表布水 shallow surface spreading automatic control system 渗透 n. percolation工业回用 industrial reuse 12。
给水排水专业英语单词总汇
Aabdicate退位放弃abrasi on 磨损absorb吸收吸引adsorb吸附abutti ng邻接的acclimation 驯化适应环境accommodate 容纳调禾口供应；适应acetic醋的乙酸的acidic酸的酸性的acreage英亩数面积act法令发案acute急性的剧烈的activate使激活使活动activated—sludge processes 活性污泥法adaptability 适应性address专注于致力于aeration曝气通风aerator曝气器aerobic好养的依靠氧气的aestheically感关上的美学观点上的affordability （经济上）可承受性agglomerate使成团使凝聚/大团大块/ 凝聚的agitate 搅动agitation搅动搅拌兴奋algae藻类海藻algal海藻的藻类的alkaline碱性的碱的alkalinity 碱度allot （按份额）分配分派alum明矶aluminum 铝ambie nt周围的倜围环境ambient water quality sdandard 水环境质量标准amend修正改正amendment修正案改正改善ammon ia 氨水ammon ium 铵an aerobic厌氧性的an aerobiosis厌氧生活an aerobic digester 厌氧消化池anion阴离子an io nic polyelectrolyte 阴离子聚合电解质antagonist敌手对手an thracite 无烟煤apparatus器械设备仪器apporti on 分配appropriation据为己有、占有n appropriator专有者、占用者appropriative专用的、可拨用的aquatic 水的、水生的、水憩的aqueduct沟渠、导水管aquifer （土壤）含水层、蓄水层arid干旱的、贫瘠的arse nic 砒霜artesian well喷水井自流井assess估计、评价atta in able可到达的可得到的attorney律师（业务或法律意义上的）代理人authorizati on 授权、认可Bbackup回溯备份backwash反洗反冲洗bacterial细菌的bacteriological细菌学上的、细菌学的bacterium 细菌baffle挡板导流板/阻碍barge驳船用船运输barium 钡basement地下室墙脚be en titled to有…的资格benzene 苯bicarb on ate重碳酸盐biochemical生物化学的bio-c ontact oxidati on process 生物接触氧化法biodegradable可生物降解的biological tower 生物塔滤biomass生物量blockage 圭寸锁妨碍堵塞blowoff valve排污阀排空阀bond粘接结合粘接剂brackish estuary 咸水河口branch system 枝状管网breakpo int chlora nati on 折点加氯breakthrough突破穿透brook trout 鮭鱼（大马哈鱼为其一种）burial埋葬淹没buried cast-iron pipeline 埋地铸铁管道buried premade con crete round pipeli ne 埋地预制砼圆形管道buried prestressedconcrete pipeline 埋地管芯缠丝预应力砼管buried rectan gular pipeli ne 埋地矩形管道buried steel sketel on polyethyle ne fule gas pipeline埋地钢骨架聚乙烯燃气管道buried unplasticized polyvinyl chloride pipeline埋地聚氯乙稀管道Ccalico印花布白棉布carbohydrate碳水化合物糖类carb on ate 碳酸盐炭化carb on tetrachloride 四氯化碳carp鲤鱼carry —over n.遗留遗留物casebook个案记录簿catio n阳离子centrifugate以离心力分出之物ceramic陶器的陶瓷制品chlora mine 氯铵chloride氯化物chlorination 加氯消毒氯化chlorinator氯化机加氯机chlorine 氯气chlorine dioxide 二氧化氯chlorite亚氯酸盐cholera 霍舌L chromium 铬Cincinnati辛辛提那（美国俄亥俄州西南部城市）circumferentail 圆周地clam 蛤clarifier —flocculator 反应一澄清池clarification 澄清净化clarifier澄清池澄清器clay粘土泥土climax高潮顶点clog障碍堵塞coagula nt 混凝剂coagulate凝结凝结的coagulation混凝凝结凝结物coarse aggregate 粗糙骨料codify编成法典coliform大肠菌像大肠菌的collision冲突碰撞colloid胶体胶体的colloidal胶体的colloidal clay 胶质粘土combined chlorine residual 结合性余氯、化合性余氯combusti on 燃烧comme ntary 解说词comminution 粉碎comminutor 粉碎机compensate偿还补偿complex复杂的compusory必须的义务的condition 调质调理调节con ducive 有益于con erst one 基石基础configuration 构造结构配置consolidation 压实固结巩固conspicuously显著地超群地constraint强迫抑制约束con tact stabilizati on process 接触稳定工艺contaminate vt污染，弄脏n受到污染的、污染物致污物con tiguous邻近的、毗邻的continuity 连续性连贯性con tour轮廓等高线con troversial争论的争议的con vective 传送的、对流的conveyanee 运输输水运输工具copper pipeli ne 铜管corrugated使起波纹状的缩成皱纹状的criteri on (pl.criteria)标准、规范critical leveI临界水平临界浓度cross—flow横向流动crystallization 结晶化culinary厨房的烹调用的厨房用的culture培养培育cya nide氰化物Ddecay coefficie nt 衰减系数decomposition 分解腐烂definition定义、解说degasifier脱气器消除毒气剂degrade使降解使退化deioniz去除离子depict描述、描写depleti on 损耗deposit沉淀物堆积物存放堆积沉淀derivative引出的派生的事物desali nate 去处盐分、海水淡化desilt挖除淤泥沉砂dessicant干燥的干燥齐V desultory散漫的、簿连贯的dewater使脱水dewaterability 脱水能力dewpoint结露点diagram图表、图解diagrammatically 用图解法地diaphragm隔膜横隔膜膜片dichloramine 二氯铵dichloroetha ne 二氯乙烷dichloroethyle ne 二氯乙烯dichotomy两分、二分法、分裂digest消化分类摘要digester消化器消化池digestion消化领悟digestive tract 消化道dioxide二氧化物discard丢弃、放弃discharge流出排出流量放电discharger卸料器排污对象dis in fecati on byproducts 消毒畐U产品disinfection 消毒disperse使分散使散开疏散disposal处置处理dissolved oxyge n sag curves 氧垂曲线dissociate电离分离distill 蒸馏distribution system配水系统分配系统divers ion 转移、转换、绕道doctri ne教条、学说do justice to公平对待正确处理donwflow 向下流drain排水沟排水流干drain age排水排水区域排水装置droplet 小滴dropping滴下物兽粪ducal palace of Ven ice威尼斯公爵的宫殿dump倾倒垃圾倾泻durable持久的耐用的dwelling住宅、住处dynamic动力的动力学的动态的Eecological生态学的ecosystem生态系统effluent流出的流出物出水污水electrostatic静电的静电学的elicit得出、引出、抽出elucidate阐明、说明emerge ncy突发情况emerge ncy backup 事故储备eminent显赫的杰出的en doge nous内生的内生长的en doge nous growth phase 内源生长期endorse 签注（文件）认可签署enmeshment网捕包络卷扫en sue跟着发生，继起enteric 肠的en vir onmen tal环境的、周围的equilibria （n.pl.）均衡平衡equivale nt相等的等量的erode侵蚀腐蚀受腐蚀（vt&vi ）erosion腐蚀侵蚀Escherichia coli埃希式大肠菌esthetics 美学estuarine河口的江口的estuary 河口江口et al.等人及其他人（拉丁语）eutrophic富营养的eutrophication富营养化超营养作用evaporate使蒸发、消失evolve （使）发展放出释放excreme nt 排泄物大便excrete排泄分泌exhaust排气废气用尽耗尽extraneous无关系夕卜来的extra-thin-wall stainless steel and plastic composite pipeline超薄壁不锈钢复合管道Ffarmstead农场及其建筑物fatigue failure 疲劳破坏feeder进料器投加设备feeder main输水干管进水总管feedli ne进料管线feedstock给料加工原料feedwater供水补给水ferme ntatio n 发酵filter滤池过滤filter —fly larvae 滤池蝇幼虫fire flow消防流量fixed film 固定膜flexibal jiont cast iron pipe system 柔性接口铸铁管flexibility弹性适应性floc絮凝体矶花flocculate絮凝凝聚flocculator絮凝池反应池flotation 浮选flowrate 流量fluidization 使液化流化fluoride氟化物fluidize使液化使流态化fluosilicic acid 氟硅酸flush冲洗淹没follow suit跟着做跟着出牌forfeiture丧失、没收物、罚款fragile易碎的脆弱的free chlori ne residual 游离性余氯freeflowing 重力流fresh water淡水、湖水freshwater淡水的、河水的fungi真菌类似真菌的Ggal. （1US gallon = 3.785L）game fish 供垂钓的鱼garnet石榴石深红色gauge 量器、表、标准尺寸geographical地理学的地理的geography地理地理学geometry constraint 几何约束Glasgow格拉斯哥（苏格兰中南部）gradie nt梯度/倾斜的graduation分级刻度毕业grant同意准予承认gran ular颗粒状的granu lar activate carb on 颗粒状活性炭gravel沙砾沙砾层grease油脂贿赂grid隔栅网格grit粗砂；研磨grooved coupling of pipeline 沟槽式连接管道guara ntee 保证、担保、保证书）Hhabitat （动植物）的生活环境。
给排水专业英语汇总
给排水专业英语汇总废水处理 wastewater disposal 合流制 combined sewers UNIT 1给水工程 water supply engineering 受纳水体 receiving waters 分流制separate sewers排水工程 sewetage engineering 污染 pollution pollute 建筑排水系统building drainage system市政工程 civil engineering 污染物 pollntant 卫生洁具 plumbing fixtures市政工程师 civil engineer 玷污、污染 contamination 卫浴设备 bathroom fixtures环境工程 environmental engineering 致污物 contaminant 输水系统 water transmission system水文学 hydrology 未污染 uncontaminated 漏水率 leakage rate水力学 hydranlies 水污染 water pollution 配水系统 water distribution system水环境 natural aquatic environment 水污染控制 water pollutioncontrol 环状管网 grid system流域 watershed 水污染防治 water pollution prevention 支状管网branching system水体 waterbody 污水回用 wastewater reuse 下水管道 sanitary sewer 地表水 surface water 污水节流管 intercepting sewer UNIT 2新鲜水 freshwater 水短缺 water scarcity 污水节流系统 intercepting sewer system地下水 groundwater 地表水资源 surface water resource 污水节流井sewage intercepting cell含水层 aquifer 管网 Pipe Network 支管 collection sewer collector sewer天然含水层 natural aquifer 供水系统 water supply system 生活污水sanitary sewage地下含水层 underground aquifer 市政配水系统 municipal distribution system domestic sewage水文循环 natural hydrologic cycle 建筑给水系统house water supply system domestic wastewater渗滤 infiltration 分区供水系统 dual distribution system 工业污水industrial wastewater降水 precipitation 小区 micro district 工业污水/液/物 industrial wastes渗入 precolation 小社区 small community 农业用水 agricultural wastewater/wastes蒸发 evaporation 冷水供水系统 cold water supply system 雨水rainwater stormwater蒸腾 transpiration 热水供水系统 hot water supply system 水位waterlevel城市水文循环 urban hydrologic cycle 消防系统 fire protection system 海拔、标高 elevation水源 water source 坡度 grade 喷淋系统 fire protection sprinkler system水资源 water resource 自动水幕系统 automatic drencher system 倾斜度slope取水 water withdrawal 半自动水幕系统明渠 Open channel水处理 water treatment 开挖 excavation semi automatic drencher system配水 water distribution 消火栓 hydrant 深度 excavation depth用水 water use 排水系统 drainage system 水力分析 hydraulic analysis 污水 wastewater 生活排水系统 sanitary system 水头 pressure head废水 abwasser 工业排水系统 industrial system 总水头 total head废水收集 wastewater collection 雨水排水系统 stormwater system Unit 3 水头损失 Head loss 水源 Water sources 审美 Esthetic速度头动压头 Velocity head 味 Taste供水水源 Water supples静压 Static head 原水 Raw water 嗅 Odo摩擦水头 Friction head 未处理水 Untreated water 色 Colour水力坡度线 Hydranlic grade line 出水 Finished water 变色Discolouration 重力流 Gravity flow 原水水质 Raw-water quality 变色Discolor水塔 Water castle 水质标准 Water quality standards 水质物理参数Physical parameters of water quality 贮水箱 Cistern 水质要求 Water quality requirements 水的物理性质 Physical quality of water 泵站 Pump station 饮用水 Drink water\potable water 浊度值 Turbidity values 给水泵站 Water pump station 自来水 Tap water 浊度单位 Turdidity unit 污水泵站Sewage station 纯水 Pure water 浑浊单位 Turdid提升泵站 Lift pumping plant 嗅阈值 Threshold odor number 饮用水标准Drinking water standards增压泵 Booster pump 化学性质 Chemical quality 饮用水一级标Primary drinking water standards离心泵 Centrifugal pump 最大允许浓度 Maxmum permissible levels 水质化学参数Chemical parameters of water quality 潜水泵 Submer sible pump 溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen (DO) maxmum allowable levels潜水艇 Submerine 最大污染物浓度 Maxmum contaminant levels 溶解氧浓度Do level深井泵 Well pump 主要污染物 Primary contaminants 溶解氧平衡 Do balance虹吸虹吸管 Siphon 有机化合物 Organic chemicals 氧损 Oxygen depletion 人孔 Manhole 合成有机化合物 Synthetic organic chemicals 有机污染物 Organic pollutant 法兰 Flange 挥发性有机化合物 Volatile organic ohemicals 生化需氧量 Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 阀门 Valve 无机化合物 Inorganic chemical 总氮 Total nitrogen (TN) 闸阀 Gate valve 微生物Micro organisms\microbes 总凯式氮 Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) 微生物污染 Microbial contaminants 悬浮固体 Suspended solids (SS) 泵送系统 Pumping system流量 Flow rate 病原微生物 Pathogenic micro organisms 总悬浮固体Total suspended solids (TSS)病原体 Pathogenic 溶解 D流速 Fluid velocity issolved (DS)层流 Laminar flow 病毒 Pathogenic bacterin 总溶解 Total dissolved (TDS) 滞流粘性流 viscous flow 细菌 Bacteria Unit 4大肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria 过渡流 Transitional flow 溶解的铁和锰Dissolved iron and manganese 湍流 Turbulent flow 病毒 Viruses 硬度Hardness藻类 Algae 紊流 Turbulence flow 碱度 Alkalinity涡流 Eddying flow 浊度 Turbidity 盐度 Salinity雷诺数 Teynolds number 放射性 Radionuclide 有害物质 Toxic and hazardous materials感官性状 Esthetic qualities 水质 Water guality 氰化物 Cyanides急性毒性 Acute toxity 处理水 Treated wastes 砂 Grit慢性毒性 Chronic toxity 回用水 Redaimed water 沙 Sand基因毒性 Genetic toxicity 水处理过程 Water processing 除砂 Grit removal 基因 Gene 收集 Collect 沉砂池 Grit chamber 难降解有机化合物Refractory organic chemicals 处置 Dispose 沉淀 Settling永久性有机污染物 Persistent organic pollutants 处理方法 Treatment method 沉淀池 Settling tank 致癌化学性 Carcinogenic chemicals 处理费用Treatment costs 澄清池 Clarifier 三卤甲烷 Trihalo methanes 处理单元Treatment process 初澄清池 Primary clarifier 卤素 Halogen 运行模式Operational mode 初沉池 Primary settling tank 甲基 Methyl 间歇处理方式Batch treatment approach 一级出水 Primary effluent 氯仿 Trichloromethane 均匀均化 Equalization 二级处理 Secondary treatment 三氯甲烷 Chloroform 均匀 Equalize 二级处理工艺 Secondary treatment process 杀虫剂农药Pesticide 调蓄水池 Equalization storage 生物处理 Biological treatment 害虫 Pest 调节池 Equalization tank 二澄清池 Secondary clarifier 杀虫剂Insecticide 蓄水池二沉池 Secondary settling tank Storage tank除草剂 Herbicide 降解 Degrade 最终澄清池 Final clarifier 杀菌剂Germicide 分解 Decompose 最终沉淀池 Final settling tank 细菌 Germ 分离Separate 二级出水 Secondary effluent 防腐剂 Preservative 隔离 Separation 三级处理 Tertiary treatment 保证 Preserve 物理法 Physical process 深度处理 Advanced treatment 清洗剂 Cleaning agent 物理处理 Physical treatment 废水消毒 Waste disinfection 洗涤剂 Detergent 物理处理过程 Physical treatment process 出流出水 Effluent flow允许浓度 Allowable levels 发泡剂 Foaming agent 一级处理 Primary treatment泡沫 Foam 初步处理 Preliminary treatment 优异出水 High-quality polished effluent格栅筛滤 Screening 废水处理厂 Wastewater treatment plant 化肥Fertilizer肥沃的 Fertile 格栅 Screen 污水处理厂 Sewage treatment plant 富营养化 Eutrophication 格栅 Bar screen 二级处理厂 Secondary treatment plant 城市污水处理营养的 Trophic 栅条 Bars营养水平 Trophic level 钢栅条 Steel bars Municipal wastewater treatment市政工程 Municipal engineering 生态位 Niche 渣耙 Cleaning rakes圆形破碎机 Circular grinder 土木工程 Civil engineering Unit 5原污水 Raw sewage 破碎 Grind 城市污水处理厂原废水 Raw wastes 除砂 Degritting Municipal wastewater treatment plant污水处理能力 Sewage treatment capacity 混合池 mixer tank 刮泥机sludge scraper 电容 Capacitance 快速混合池 flash-mix tank 排泥 sludge drawoff 污水处理设施 Municipal treatment facilities 絮凝器 n.flocculator sludge withdrawal 多反应器设施 Multi-reactor facility 絮凝池flocculation tank 预沉淀 n. presedimentation 处理池 Treatment tank 预沉淀池 presedimentation basin负荷 Load 固体接触池 solids-contact tank负荷 Loadings 澄清 n. clarification 3(过滤 n. filtration 水力负荷Hydrautic loading 滤池 n. filter v. clarify污染负荷 Pollutant load 澄清池 n. clarifier 慢滤池 slow filter 有机负荷 Organic load 高负荷澄清池 high rate clarifier 快滤池 rapid filter 无机负荷 Inorganic load 澄清水 clarifying water 高速(负荷)滤池 high rate filter 不含化肥、农药无机的 Unorganic 砂滤池 sand filter 周期性负荷 Periodic(intermitlent) loading 2(沉淀 n. sedimentation 慢砂滤池 slow sand filter 第五部分: 物化处理沉降 n. sedimentation 快砂滤池 rapid sand filter 1(混凝 n. coagulation 自由沉降 plain settling 重力滤池 gravity filter混凝过程 coagulation process 拥挤沉降 hindered settling 压力滤池pressure filter化学混凝 chemical coagulation 重力沉降 gravity settling 过滤介质，滤料 filter medium凝聚 n. aggregation 沉淀池 settling tank silica sand 石英砂絮凝 n. flocculation 沉淀池，沉降池 sedimentation tank 无烟煤 n. anthracite矩形沉淀池 rectangular settling tank 硅藻土 diatomaceous earth v. flocculate异向絮凝 perikinetic flocculation 圆形沉淀池 circular settling tank 煤—砂滤床 coal-sand beds同向絮凝 orthokinetic flocculation 管式沉淀池 tube settler 多层滤料multilayered media混凝剂 n. coagulant 斜管沉淀池 steeply inclined tube settler 混合滤料 mixed media混凝剂投量 coagulant dosage 板式沉淀池 parallel-plate settler 双层滤料滤池 dual media filter烧杯实验 jar test 双层滤池 two-layer filter 板式沉淀池 plate separator最佳混凝剂投量 optimum coagulant dosage 气浮 n. floatation 粗滤料coarse media助凝剂 coagulant aid 泡沫分离 foam separation 细滤料 fine media 助凝剂 flocculation aid 溶气气浮 dissolved-air floatation 助滤剂filter aid聚电解质 n. polyelectrolytes 气浮池 floatation tank 滤后水，滤出水filtered water快速混合 flash-mix , 表面撇渣装置 surface-skimming device 滤后水，滤池出水 filter effluent撇去 v. skim 滤前水，滤池进水 filter influent rapid-mix快速混合器 flash mixer , 浮渣 n. scum 浊度穿透 turbidity breakthrough浮渣槽 scum trough 过滤周期 filter cycle rapid mixer清洗周期 cleaning cycle 病毒 n. viruses v. inactivate刮砂法 scraping method 藻类 n. algae 接触时间 contact time表面刮砂 surface scraping 需氯量 chlorine demand 原生动物 n.protozoa反冲洗 backwashing 加氯量，投氯量 chlorine dosage ,水力反冲洗 hydraulic backwashing 5(氧化 n. oxidation appliedchlorine水力反冲洗 hydraulic backwash 自由氯，游离氯 free chlorine , 还原 n. reduction水力分级 hydraulic grading 氧化剂 n. oxidant free available chlorine 化合氯 combined chlorine 强氧化剂 strong oxidizing agent4(消毒 n. disinfection 剩余保护 residual protection 高级氧化法 (AOP) advanced oxidation process余氯 residual chlorine 高级氧化工艺 (AOP) advanced oxidation process v. disinfect消毒剂 n. disinfectant 余氯量 chlorine residual 高级氧化过程 (AOP) advanced oxidation process自由余氯 free residual chlorine 高级氧化技术 (AOT) disinfectionagent杀菌剂 n. germicide 自由氯余量 free chlorine residual advanced oxidation technology消毒过程 disinfection process 化合余氯 combined residual chlorine消毒副产物 disinfection by-products 化合氯余量 combined chlorine residuals 6(吸附 n. adsorption氯化 n. chlorination 折点氯化(法) breakpoint chlorination 活性炭 (AC) activated carbon折点氯化曲线 breakpoint chlorination curve 粉末炭 (PAC) powdered activated carbon v. chlorinate氯化水 chlorinated water 折点加氯量 breakpoint dosage 粒状炭 (GAC) granular activated carbon预氯化 n. prechlorination 氯折点 chlorine breakpoint 颗粒活性炭(GAC) granular activated carbon氯化消毒副产物 by压力钢瓶 pressured steel cylinder 活性炭纤维 (ACF) activated carbon fiber -products of chlorination化学消毒剂 chemical disinfectants 臭氧发生器 ozone generator 再生 n. regeneration液氯 liquid chlorine , 需臭氧量 ozone demand v. regenerate剩余臭氧量 ozone residual 吸附剂 n. adsorbent liquefied chlorine氯胺 n. chloramines 剩余臭氧 residual ozone 吸附质 n. adsorbate次氯酸盐 hypochlorites 吸附塔，吸附柱 adsorption column次氯酸钠 sodium hypochlorite 致病微生物，病源微生物吸附床adsorption bed二氧化氯 chlorine dioxide 空床接触时间 empty bed contact time pathogenic microorganisms病原体 n. pathogens 吸附带 mass transfer zone 臭氧 n. ozone臭氧化，臭氧消毒 n. ozonation 致病细菌或病毒 pathogenic bacteria or viruses 快速小柱试验 rapid small scale column test细菌 n. bacteria 臭氧化 v. ozonate 生物活性炭 (BAC) biological activated carbon紫外线 (UV) ultraviolet radiation (UV) 大肠杆菌 coliform bacteria 伽马射线 gamma radiation 阿米巴氏菌 amoebic cysts 7(离子交换 n. ion exchange孢子，芽孢 n. spores 灭活 n. inactivation 离子交换树脂 ion exchange resin离子交换器 ion exchanger 电解 n. electrolysis 底物(基质)利用substrate utilization离子交换柱 ion exchange column 电除盐 (EDI) n. electrodeionization 生物量 n. biomass硬度 n. hardness 吹脱、汽提法 n. stripping 生物反应 biological reaction除硬 hardness removal 生物氧化 biological oxidation软化 n. softening 冷却 n. cooling 生物降解 n. biodegradation冷却水 cooling water 生物降解性 n. biodegradability v. soften化学软化 chemical softening 冷却塔 cooling tower 生物可降解的，可生物降解的 a. biodegradable沉淀软化 precipitation softening 第六部分生物处理不可生物降解的 a. nonbiodegradable除盐，脱盐 n. desaltination 生物反应器 n. bioreactor 生物处理biological treatment微生物 n. microorganisms 废水生物处理 biological wastewater treatment v. desalt去矿化 n. demineralization 废水生物处理系统 biological wastewater treatment n. microbes微生物种群 microbial population v. demineralize system离子交换软化法 ion exchange softening process 混合群落 mixed communities 污水生物处理系统 biological sewage treatment 离子交换除盐法 ion exchange desalting process 细菌 n. bacteria system复床 combined bed 原生动物 n. protozoa 生物处理法 biological treatment process混合床 mixed bed 真菌 n. fungi 生物处理装置 biological treatment unit轮虫 n. rotifers 串联 in series8(膜分离 membrane separation 生长 n. growth 悬浮生长处理法suspended-growth treatment processes微滤 n. microfiltration 繁殖 n. reproduction 生物固体 biological solids超滤 n. hyperfiltration 世代时间 generation time 活性污泥 activated sludge纳滤 n. nanofiltration 生长速率 growth rates 附着生长处理法attached-growth treatment processes反渗透 reverse osmosis 环境因子 environmental factors 附着的微生物attached microbes渗透 n. osmosis 生态因子 ecological factors 微生物附着生长 attached microbial growth半透膜 semipermeable membrane 微生物生长动力学 microbial growth kinetics 生物膜 n. biofilm电渗析 n. electrodialysis 1. 迟滞期 lag phase渗析 n. dialysis 2. 对数生长期 exponential-growth phase 代谢 n. metabolism3. 减速生长期 decling growth phase v. metabolize9(其它处理方法稳定期 stationary phase 稳定，稳定化 n. stabilization 中和 n. neutralization 4. 内源呼吸阶段 endogenous stage v. stabilize 内源生长期 endogenous growth phase 生物代谢 biological metabolism v. neutralize酸性废水 acidic wastes 内源呼吸 endogenous respiration 微生物代谢microbial metabolism化学沉淀 chemical precipitation 好氧的 a. aerobic好氧菌 aerobic bacteria沉淀软化 precipitation softening 底物，基质 n. substrate好氧微生物 aerobic microorganisms 曝气池 aeration basin 非挥发性固体nonvolatile solids好氧氧化 aerobic oxidation 曝气池 aeration chamber 挥发性悬浮固体(VSS) volatile suspended solids厌氧的 a. anaerobic 完全混合曝气池 completely mixed aeration basin混合液 mixed liquor厌氧菌 anaerobic bacteria 活性污泥池 activated sludge tank 混合液悬浮固体 (MLSS) mixed liquor suspended厌氧氧化 anaerobic oxidation 曝气 n. aeration solids兼性的 a. facultative 混合 n. mixing 混合液挥发性悬浮固体 (MLVSS) mixed liquor volatile兼性菌 facultative bacteria 曝气系统 aeration system suspended solids好氧环境 aerobic environment 曝气器 n. aerator 污泥沉降比 (SV) settling velocity厌氧环境 anaerobic environment 压缩空气 compressed air 污泥容积指数(SVI) sludge volume index营养物 n. nutrients 空气压缩机，空压机 air compressor 比耗氧速率(SOUR) specific oxygen uptake rate无机营养物 inorganic nutrients 鼓风机，风机 n. blower营养物去除 nutrient removal 循环/切换 n. cycling/switchover 污泥龄sludge age营养物生物去除biological nutrient removal 扩散装置，扩散器 n. diffuser 曝气池容积 aeration tank volume脱氮除磷 nitrogen and phosphorus removal 空气扩散装置，空气扩散器air diffuser 曝气时间 aeration period生物硝化 biological nitrification 鼓泡空气扩散装置(扩散器) bubble air diffuser 曝气时间 aeration time硝化菌 nitrifying bacteria 微气泡扩散装置(扩散器) fine-bubble diffuser 水力停留时间 (HRT) hydraulic residence time 生物反硝化，生物脱氮 biological denitrification 扩散板 plate diffuser 水力负荷 hydraulic loading生物除磷 biological phosphorus removal 扩散管 tube diffuser BOD负荷BOD loading扩散罩 dome diffuser1(活性污泥法 activated sludge process 微气泡扩散曝气 fine-bubble diffused aeration 普通活性污泥法 conventional activated sludge process 微生物 n. microorganisms n. microbes 微气泡 fine-bubble 传统活性污泥法 conventional activated sludge process细菌 n. bacteria 大气泡 coarse-bubble 标准活性污泥法 standard activated sludge process生物絮体 biological floc 传统活性污泥厂 conventional activatedsludge plant 静态混合器 static mixer微生物絮体 microbial floc 机械曝气系统 mechanical aeration systems阶段曝气活性污泥step aeration activated sludge process活性污泥 activated sludge 机械曝气 mechanical aeration 分段 v. step 絮状活性污泥 flocculate-bacterial sludge 表面曝气 surface aeration进水负荷 influent load回流活性污泥 (RAS) returned activated sludge 表面曝气器 surface aerator 分段进水 step loading回流污泥 returned sludge 需氧量 oxygen demand 渐减 v. taper回流污泥 recycled sludge 供气量 air supply 渐减曝气 tapered aeration 剩余污泥 excess sludge 氧转移效率 oxygen tansfer efficiency 接触稳定活性污泥法废活性污泥 (WAS) waste activated sludge contact stabilization activated sludge process废污泥 waste sludge 可沉降固体 settleable solids 再曝气 n. reaeration曝气曝气池 aeration tank 挥发性固体 volatile solids —沉淀—再曝气进水阀 influent valve aeration-sedimentation-reaeration membrane biological reactor完全好氧处理法反应阶段 react phase 2(生物膜法沉淀阶段 settle phase complete aerobic treatment process高负荷(完全混合)活性污泥法清水，上清液 clear water 生物膜 n. biofilm上清液 n. supernatant 生物膜反应器 biofilm reactor high-rate (completely mixed) activated sludge process延时曝气活性污泥法排水阶段 draw phase 生物滤池 n. biofilter滗水阶段 decant phase 生物过滤 n. biofiltration extended aeration activated sludge process延时曝气法 extended aeration process 滗水装置 decant mechanism 旋转布水器 rotary sprinkler延时曝气 extended aeration 闲置阶段，待机阶段 idle phase 填料 n. packings氧化沟 oxidation ditch 塑料管状或蜂窝状填料 plastic tubular or 水平转刷 horizontal rotor 营养物去除 nutrient removal honeycomb-shaped packings转刷曝气 rotor aeration 营养物生物去除 biological nutrient removal滴滤池 trickling filter笼型转刷 caged rotor 碳源 carbon source 普通生物滤池 tricklingfilter吸附—生物降解工艺 (AB法) 硝化 n. nitrification 高负荷生物滤池 high-rate filter塔式生物滤池 tower biofilter adsorption-biodegradation process v. nitrify序批式活性污泥法 (SBR法) sequencing batch reactor 硝化菌 nitrifying bacteria 曝气生物滤池 (BAF) biological aerated filter (SBR) process、反硝化 n. denitrification序批式活性污泥法 (SBR法) sequential batch reactor 生物转盘法 biodisc process v. denitrify脱氮 n. denitrification 生物转盘 rotating biological contactor (SBR) processSBR法 SBR process 生物反硝化，生物脱氮生物转盘 n. biodisc序批式反应器 (SBR) sequencing batch reactor (SBR) 塑料盘片 plastic discs biological denitrification序批式反应器 (SBR) sequential batch reactor 缺氧—好氧脱氮工艺 (A/O 法) 轻质盘片 lightweight discs初沉 primary clarification 水平轴 horizontal shaft anoxic-oxic process 2 曝气 n. aeration 厌氧—缺氧—好氧法 (A/O法) 生物粘液biological slime二沉 secondary clarification 粘液层 slime layer anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process初沉池 primary clarifier A-A-O法同步脱氮除磷工艺二沉池 secondary clarifier 生物流化床 biological fluidized bed anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process泵送系统 pumping system 脱氮除磷 nitrogen and phosphorus removal biological fluidised bed活性污泥法 activated sludge process 厌氧氨氧化 (ANAMMOX) 生物流化床反应器 fluidized-bed bioreactor移动床生物膜反应器 (MBBR) 变体 n. variant anaerobic ammonium oxidationSBR运行周期 SBR cycle 生物除磷 biological phosphorus removal moving-bed biofilm reactor处理周期 process cycle进水阶段 fill phase 膜生物反应器 (MBR) 3(厌氧生物处理厌氧生化反应 anaerobic biochemical reaction发酵 n. fermentation 消化 n. digestion 厌氧分解 anaerobic decomposition厌氧分解 decompose anaerobically v. fermentate v. digest产酸细菌 n. acidogens 消化池 n. digestor 好氧稳定 aerobic stabilization产甲烷细菌 n. methanogens 厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion 细菌 n. bacteria产酸阶段 acidogenic phase 污泥消化 sludge digestion 藻类 n. algae产甲烷阶段 methanogenic phase 厌氧消化池 anaerobic digestor 微型植物microscopic plants水解 n. hydrolysis 厌氧接触法 anaerobic contact process 出流，出水effluent flow厌氧膨胀床反应器光合作用 n. photosynthesis v. hydrolysis产酸发酵 acidogenic fermentation anaerobic expanded-bed reactor 产氢产乙酸 H-producing acetogenesis 厌氧流化床反应器厌氧塘anaerobic pond 2产甲烷 methanogenesis 曝气塘 aerated pond anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor产酸菌 acid formers 厌氧生物转盘修饰塘 polishing pond产甲烷菌 methane formers , 熟化塘 maturation lagoon anaerobic rotating biological contactor深度处理塘 advanced treatment pond methane-forming bacteria有机酸 organic acids 4(自然生物处理系统三级处理塘 tertiary treatment pond挥发性脂肪酸 (VFAs) volatile fatty acids自然净化系统 natural purification system 土地处理工艺(过程) land treatment processes硫酸盐还原 sulfate reduction 稳定塘 stabilization ponds 关键因素critical factors硫酸盐还原菌 sulfate-reducing bacteria 土壤类型 soil type stabilization lagoons氧化塘 oxidation ponds 气候 n. climate上流式厌氧污泥床 (UASB) 土地处理系统 land treatment systems 土地处理系统 land treatment systems废水土地处理 land treatment of wastewater 慢速土地处理系统 upflow anaerobic sludge blanket上升流速 upflow velocity 净化过程 purification process slow rate land treatment system自然净化 natural purification 低负荷土地处理系统厌氧折流板反应器 (ABR) low-rate land treatment system污水塘 sewage lagoon 三级处理水平 tertiary treatment level anaerobic baffled reactor稳定塘 stabilization ponds 灌溉 n. irrigation两段或两级厌氧生物处理 two-stage anaerobic stabilization lagoons v. irrigate氧化塘 oxidation ponds 土壤的天然过滤和吸附性质 biotreatment两相厌氧生物处理 two-phase anaerobic biotreatment 好氧塘 aerobic pond natural filtration and adsorption properties of soil 产酸相 acidogenic phase 兼性塘 facultative pond 投配的废水 applied wastewater好氧生化反应垄—沟表面布水产甲烷相 methanogenic phase aerobic biochemical reaction浓缩的底流 thickened underflow ridge-and-furrow surface spreading 污泥减量 sludge volume reduction 浓缩污泥 thickened sludge 喷洒布水系统，喷灌布水系统 sprinkler systems快速渗滤土地处理系统 rapid infiltration land 污泥稳定化 sludge stabilization 出水 n. effluent上清液 n. supernatant treatment system渗滤—渗透土地处理 infiltration-percolation land (污泥)浓缩 n. thickening 溢流 v. overflow污泥浓缩 sludge thickening 堰 n. weir treatment快速渗滤 rapid infiltration 稳定，稳定化 n. stabilization 气浮浓缩floatation thickening快速渗滤法 rapid infiltration method 溶气气浮 dissolved-air floatation v. stabilize过滤作用 filtering action 稳定了的污泥 stabilized sludge 气浮池floatation tank吸附作用 adsorption action 调理(调节) n. conditioning 入流污泥influent sludge地表漫流土地处理系统污泥絮体 sludge flocs v. condition脱水 n. dewatering 撇去 v. skim overland flow land treatment system 地表漫流 overland flow 漂浮污泥层 floating sludge layer v. dewater 径流集水沟 runoff collection ditch 干化 n. drying物理、化学和生物过程污泥干化场 sludge drying bed 污泥消化 sludge digestion污泥干燥 heat drying 消化池 n. digester physical , chemical , and biological processes湿地 n. wetland 干燥器 n. dryer 消化池装置 digester unit天然湿地 natural wetland 污泥焚烧，污泥焚化 n. incineration 消化 n. digestion人工湿地 constructed wetland 焚烧炉，焚化炉 n. incinerator v. digest 有机固体 organic solids man-made wetland污泥浓缩 sludge thickening 生化分解 biochemical decomposition第七部分:污泥处理、处置与利用物理过程 physical process 好氧消化aerobic digestion污泥 n. sludge 含水过多的污泥 watery sludge 好氧污泥消化 aerobic sludge digestion生活污水污泥 sewage sludge 稀污泥 thin sludge 好氧消化过程 aerobic digestion process污泥体积，污泥量 sludge volume 处理装置 treatment unit 活性污泥池activated sludge tank原污泥，生污泥 raw sludge 浓缩池 n. thickener 预制的(成套)活性污泥处理系统新鲜污泥，生污泥 fresh sludge 重力浓缩 gravity thickening prefabricated (package) activated sludge treatment消化污泥，熟污泥 digested sludge 重力浓缩池 gravity thickener systems混合污泥 mixed sludge 圆形污水沉淀池预制的接触稳定或污泥处理 sludge treatment circular sewage sedimentation tank prefabricated contact stabilization or污泥处置 sludge disposal 刮泥机 sludge scraper 延时曝气处理系统最终处置 ultimate disposal 搅拌作用 stirring action extended aeration treatment systems填埋 n. landfill 底流 n. underflow BOD负荷 BOD loading细胞物质 cellular mass 废水回用 wastewater reuse 冷却塔水 cooling tower water内源衰亡 endogenous decay 直接回用 direct reuse 选择性处理 optional treatment直接废水回用 direct wastewater reuse 水费 water costs厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion 间接回用 indirect reuse 回用的城市污水厌氧污泥消化 anaerobic sludge digestion 间接废水回用 indirect wastewater reuse reclaimed municipal wastewater 有盖的圆形池 covered circular tank 出水处理 effluent treatment 工业过程 industrial processes 消化过程 digestion process 回用水 reclaimed water 冷却水 cooling water 厌氧消化过程 anaerobic digestion process 排放 n. , v. discharge 锅炉给水boiler feedwater 生化反应 biochemical reactions 保留 n. retention 灌溉回用 irrigation reuse 有机酸 organic acids 循环 n. recycling 废水直接灌溉direct irrigation with wastewater 挥发性脂肪酸 (VFAs) volatile fatty acids 低负荷土地处理系统 low-rate land treatment system v. recycle 甲烷气 methane gas 部分处理 n. partial treatment 间接灌溉回用indirect reuse for irrigation 末端产物 end product 最终用途 end use 废水排放 wastewater discharge 指示剂 n. indicator 城市污水回用 municipal wastewater reuse 雨水回用 storm water reuse 污泥消化池气体 sludge digester gas 灌溉 n. irrigation 可回用水 reusable water 污泥沉淀 sludge settling 景观灌溉 landscape irrigation Part ?: 第九部分:污泥储存 sludge storage 地下水回灌 groundwater recharge 投资成本，投资费(用) capital costs 消化污泥 digested sludge 建设成本，建设费(用) construction costs充分消化的污泥 well-digested sludge 市政回用 municipal reuse 运行成本，运行费(用) operating costs 消化池上清液 digester supernatant 直接市政回用 direct municipal reuse 能耗成本 energy costs 中温消化 mesophilic digestion 深度处理，高级处理 advanced treatment 运行维护 operation and maintenance 高温消化 thermophilic degestion 分质供水系统 dual-distribution system 运行控制 operational control间接市政回用 indirect municipal reuse 控制系统 control system污泥脱水 sludge dewatering 供水系统，给水系统 water supply system 仪表/控制系统混合堆肥 co-composting 取水口 n. intake instrumentation/control system天然同化能力 natural assimilative capacity 自动控制系统，自控系统污泥处理总成本overall sludge-handling costs 人工回灌 artificial recharge automatic control system深井注射 deep-well injection第八部分:废水回用浅表布水 shallow surface spreading地表水资源 surface water resource 渗透 n. percolation地下水资源 groundwater resource 工业回用 industrial reuse水短缺 water scarcity 工艺废水，过程废水 process wastewaters回用 n. , v. reuse 工艺补充水，过程补充水 plant process makeup water。
给排水专业英语汇总
U N I T1给水工程 water supply engineering 排水工程 sewage engineering市政工程 civil engineering市政工程师 civil engineer环境工程 environmental engineering 水文学 hydrology水力学 hydranlies水环境 natural aquatic environment 流域 watershed水体 waterbody地表水 surface water淡水 freshwater地下水 groundwater含水层 aquifer天然含水层 natural aquifer 地下含水层 underground aquifer水文循环 natural hydrologic cycle渗滤 infiltration降水 precipitation渗入 precolation蒸发 evaporation蒸腾 transpiration城市水文循环 urban hydrologic cycle水源 water source水资源 water resource取水 water withdrawal水处理 water treatment配水 water distribution用水 water use污水 sewage废水 wastewater废水收集 wastewater collection废水处理 wastewater disposal受纳水体 receiving waters污染 pollution pollute污染物 pollutant玷污、污染 contamination致污物 contaminant未污染 uncontaminated水污染 water pollution水污染控制 water pollution control水污染防治 water pollution prevention污水回用 wastewater reuseUNIT 2水短缺 water scarcity地表水资源 surface water resource管网 Pipe Network供水系统 water supply system市政配水系统 municipal distribution system建筑给水系统house water supply system 分区供水系统 dual distribution system 小区 micro district小社区 small community冷水供水系统 cold water supply system 热水供水系统 hot water supply system 消防系统 fire protection system喷淋系统fire protection sprinkler system自动水幕系统 automatic drencher system 半自动水幕系统semi automatic drencher system 消火栓 hydrant 排水系统 drainage system生活排水系统 sanitary system工业排水系统 industrial system雨水排水系统 stormwater system合流制 combined sewers分流制 separate sewers建筑排水系统 building drainage system卫生洁具 plumbing fixtures卫浴设备 bathroom fixtures输水系统 water transmission system漏水率 leakage rate配水系统 water distribution system环状管网 grid (looped)system支状管网 branching(branched) system下水管道 sanitary sewer污水节流管 intercepting(中间截取)sewer污水节流系统intercepting sewersystem污水节流井 sewage intercepting well支管 collection (目的：收集)sewercollector sewer生活污水 sanitary sewagedomestic sewagedomestic wastewater工业污水 industrial wastewater工业污水/液/物 industrial wastes农业用水agriculturalwastewater/wastes雨水 rainwater stormwater水位 waterlevel海拔、标高 elevation坡度 grade倾斜度 slope明渠 Open channel开挖 ex cava tion深度 excavation depth水力分析 hydraulic analysis水头 pressure head总水头 total headUnit 3水头损失 Head loss速度头动压头 Velocity head静压 Static head摩擦水头 Friction head水力坡度线 Hydranlic grade line 重力流 Gravity flow水塔 Water castle 贮水箱 Cistern泵站 Pump station给水泵站 Water pump station污水泵站 Sewage station提升泵站 Lift pumping plant增压泵 Booster pump离心泵 Centrifugal pump潜水泵 Submer sible pump潜水艇 Submerine深井泵 Well pump虹吸虹吸管 Siphon人孔 Manhole法兰 Flange阀门 Valve闸阀 Gate valve泵送系统 Pumping system流量 Flow rate流速 Fluid velocity层流 Laminar flow滞流粘性流 viscous flow过渡流 Transitional flow湍流 Turbulent flow紊流 Turbulence flow涡流 Eddying flow雷诺数 Teynolds number水质 Water guality水源 Water sources供水水源 Water supples原水 Raw water未处理水 Untreated water出水 Finished water原水水质 Raw-water quality水质标准 Water quality standards水质要求 Water quality requirements饮用水 Drink water\potable water自来水 Tap water纯水 Pure water饮用水标准 Drinking water standards饮用水一级标Primary drinking water standards最大允许浓度 Maxmum permissible levelsmaxmum allowable levels最大污染物浓度Maxmum contaminant levels主要污染物 Primary contaminants有机化合物 Organic chemicals合成有机化合物Synthetic organic chemicals 挥发性有机化合物Volatile organicohemicals无机化合物 Inorganic chemical微生物 Micro organisms\microbes微生物污染 Microbial contaminants病原微生物 Pathogenic micro organisms病原体 Pathogenic病毒 Pathogenic bacterin细菌 Bacteria大肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria病毒 Viruses藻类 Algae浊度 Turbidity放射性 Radionuclide感官性状 Esthetic qualities审美 Esthetic味 Taste嗅 Odo色 Colour变色 Discolouration变色 Discolor水质物理参数 Physical parameters of waterquality水的物理性质 Physical quality of water浊度值 Turbidity values浊度单位 Turdidity unit浑浊单位 Turdid嗅阈值 Threshold odor number化学性质 Chemical quality水质化学参数Chemical parameters of waterquality溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen (DO)溶解氧浓度 Do level 溶解氧平衡 Do balance 氧损 Oxygen depletion 有机污染物 Organic pollutant生化需氧量 Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)总氮 Total nitrogen (TN)总凯式氮 Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)悬浮固体 Suspended solids (SS)总悬浮固体 Total suspended solids (TSS) 溶解 Dissolved (DS)总溶解 Total dissolved (TDS)Unit 4溶解的铁和锰 Dissolved iron and manganese硬度 Hardness 碱度 Alkalinity 盐度 Salinity有害物质 Toxic and hazardous materials 氰化物 Cyanides 急性毒性 Acute toxity 慢性毒性 Chronic toxity基因毒性 Genetic toxicity 基因 Gene难降解有机化合物 Refractory organic chemicals 永久性有机污染物 Persistent organic pollutants致癌化学性 Carcinogenic chemicals三卤甲烷 Trihalo methanes 卤素 Halogen甲基 Methyl氯仿 Trichloromethane 三氯甲烷 Chloroform杀虫剂 农药 Pesticide害虫 Pest杀虫剂 Insecticide 除草剂 Herbicide 杀菌剂 Germicide 细菌 Germ防腐剂 Preservative保证 Preserve清洗剂 Cleaning agent 洗涤剂 Detergent 发泡剂 Foaming agent 泡沫 Foam 化肥 Fertilizer肥沃的 Fertile富营养化 Eutrophication营养的 Trophic营养水平 Trophic level生态位 NicheUnit 5原污水 Raw sewage原废水 Raw wastes处理水 Treated wastes回用水 Redaimed water水处理过程 Water processing 收集 Collect处置 Dispose处理方法 Treatment method 处理费用 Treatment costs处理单元 Treatment process 运行模式 Operational mode间歇处理方式 Batch treatment approach均匀均化 Equalization均匀 Equalize调蓄水池 Equalization storage调节池 Equalization tank蓄水池 Storage tank降解 Degrade分解 Decompose分离 Separate隔离 Separation物理法 Physical process物理处理 Physical treatment物理处理过程 Physical treatment process一级处理 Primary treatment初步处理 Preliminary treatment格栅筛滤 Screening格栅 Screen格栅 Bar screen栅条 Bars钢栅条 Steel bars渣耙 Cleaning rakes圆形破碎机 Circular grinder破碎 Grind除砂 Degritting砂 Grit沙 Sand除砂 Grit removal沉砂池 Grit chamber沉淀 Settling沉淀池 Settling tank澄清池 Clarifier初澄清池 Primary clarifier初沉池 Primary settling tank一级出水 Primary effluent二级处理 Secondary treatment二级处理工艺Secondary treatment process生物处理 Biological treatment二澄清池 Secondary clarifier二沉池 Secondary settling tank最终澄清池 Final clarifier最终沉淀池 Final settling tank二级出水 Secondary effluent三级处理 Tertiary treatment深度处理 Advanced treatment废水消毒 Waste disinfection出流出水 Effluent flow 允许浓度 Allowable levels优异出水 High-quality polished effluent废水处理厂 Wastewater treatment plant污水处理厂 Sewage treatment plant二级处理厂 Secondary treatment plant城市污水处理Municipal wastewater treatment市政工程 Municipal engineering土木工程 Civil engineering城市污水处理厂Municipal wastewater treatmentplant污水处理能力 Sewage treatment capacity电容 Capacitance污水处理设施Municipal treatmentfacilities多反应器设施 Multi-reactor facility处理池 Treatment tank负荷 Load负荷 Loadings水力负荷 Hydrautic loading污染负荷 Pollutant load有机负荷 Organic load无机负荷 Inorganic load不含化肥、农药无机的 Unorganic周期性负荷Periodic(intermitlent)loading第五部分：物化处理1．混凝 n. coagulation混凝过程 coagulation process化学混凝 chemical coagulation凝聚 n. aggregation絮凝 n. flocculationv. flocculate异向絮凝 perikinetic flocculation同向絮凝 orthokinetic flocculation 混凝剂 n. coagulant混凝剂投量 coagulant dosage烧杯实验 jar test最佳混凝剂投量optimum coagulant dosage助凝剂 coagulant aid助凝剂 flocculation aid聚电解质 n. polyelectrolytes快速混合 flash-mix ,rapid-mix快速混合器 flash mixer ,rapid mixer混合池 mixer tank快速混合池 flash-mix tank絮凝器 n. flocculator絮凝池 flocculation tank固体接触池 solids-contact tank澄清 n. clarificationv. clarify澄清池 n. clarifier高负荷澄清池 high rate clarifier澄清水 clarifying water2．沉淀 n. sedimentation沉降 n. sedimentation自由沉降 plain settling拥挤沉降 hindered settling重力沉降 gravity settling沉淀池 settling tank沉淀池，沉降池 sedimentation tank矩形沉淀池 rectangular settling tank圆形沉淀池 circular settling tank管式沉淀池 tube settler斜管沉淀池steeply inclined tubesettler板式沉淀池 parallel-plate settler板式沉淀池 plate separator气浮 n. floatation泡沫分离 foam separation溶气气浮 dissolved-air floatation气浮池 floatation tank表面撇渣装置 surface-skimming device撇去 v. skim浮渣 n. scum浮渣槽 scum trough刮泥机 sludge scraper排泥 sludge drawoffsludge withdrawal预沉淀 n. presedimentation预沉淀池 presedimentation basin 3．过滤 n. filtration滤池 n. filter慢滤池 slow filter快滤池 rapid filter高速（负荷）滤池 high rate filter 砂滤池 sand filter慢砂滤池 slow sand filter快砂滤池 rapid sand filter重力滤池 gravity filter压力滤池 pressure filter过滤介质，滤料 filter medium 石英砂 silica sand无烟煤 n. anthracite硅藻土 diatomaceous earth煤—砂滤床 coal-sand beds多层滤料 multilayered media混合滤料 mixed media双层滤料滤池 dual media filter双层滤池 two-layer filter粗滤料 coarse media细滤料 fine media助滤剂 filter aid滤后水，滤出水 filtered water滤后水，滤池出水 filter effluent滤前水，滤池进水 filter influent浊度穿透 turbidity breakthrough过滤周期 filter cycle清洗周期 cleaning cycle刮砂法 scraping method表面刮砂 surface scraping反冲洗 backwashing水力反冲洗 hydraulic backwashing水力反冲洗 hydraulic backwash水力分级 hydraulic grading4．消毒 n. disinfectionv. disinfect消毒剂 n. disinfectantdisinfection agent杀菌剂 n. germicide消毒过程 disinfection process消毒副产物 disinfection by-products氯化 n. chlorinationv. chlorinate氯化水 chlorinated water预氯化 n. prechlorination氯化消毒副产物by-products of chlorination化学消毒剂 chemical disinfectants液氯 liquid chlorine ,liquefied chlorine氯胺 n. chloramines次氯酸盐 hypochlorites次氯酸钠 sodium hypochlorite二氧化氯 chlorine dioxide臭氧 n. ozone臭氧化，臭氧消毒 n. ozonation臭氧化 v. ozonate紫外线(UV) ultraviolet radiation (UV)伽马射线 gamma radiation灭活 n. inactivationv. inactivate接触时间 contact time需氯量 chlorine demand加氯量，投氯量 chlorine dosage ,applied chlorine自由氯，游离氯 free chlorine ,free available chlorine化合氯 combined chlorine剩余保护 residual protection余氯 residual chlorine余氯量 chlorine residual自由余氯 free residual chlorine自由氯余量 free chlorine residual化合余氯 combined residual chlorine化合氯余量combined chlorineresiduals折点氯化（法） breakpoint chlorination折点氯化曲线 breakpoint chlorinationcurve折点加氯量 breakpoint dosage氯折点 chlorine breakpoint压力钢瓶 pressured steel cylinder臭氧发生器 ozone generator需臭氧量 ozone demand剩余臭氧量 ozone residual剩余臭氧 residual ozone致病微生物，病源微生物pathogenic microorganisms病原体 n. pathogens致病细菌或病毒 pathogenic bacteriaor viruses细菌 n. bacteria大肠杆菌 coliform bacteria阿米巴氏菌 amoebic cysts孢子，芽孢 n. spores病毒 n. viruses藻类 n. algae原生动物 n. protozoa5．氧化 n. oxidation还原 n. reduction氧化剂 n. oxidant强氧化剂 strong oxidizing agent高级氧化法 (AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化工艺 (AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化过程 (AOP) advanced oxidationprocess高级氧化技术 (AOT)advanced oxidation technology6．吸附 n. adsorption活性炭 (AC) activated carbon粉末炭 (PAC) powdered activated carbon粒状炭(GAC) granular activatedcarbon颗粒活性炭(GAC) granular activatedcarbon活性炭纤维(ACF) activated carbonfiber再生 n. regenerationv. regenerate吸附剂 n. adsorbent吸附质 n. adsorbate吸附塔，吸附柱 adsorption column吸附床 adsorption bed空床接触时间 empty bed contact time吸附带 mass transfer zone快速小柱试验 rapid small scale columntest生物活性炭 (BAC) biological activatedcarbon7．离子交换 n. ion exchange离子交换树脂 ion exchange resin离子交换器 ion exchanger离子交换柱 ion exchange column硬度 n. hardness除硬 hardness removal软化 n. softeningv. soften化学软化 chemical softening沉淀软化 precipitation softening除盐，脱盐 n. desaltinationv. desalt去矿化 n. demineralizationv. demineralize离子交换软化法ion exchange softening process离子交换除盐法 ion exchange desalting process复床 combined bed混合床 mixed bed8．膜分离 membrane separation微滤 n. microfiltration超滤 n. hyperfiltration纳滤 n. nanofiltration反渗透 reverse osmosis渗透 n. osmosis半透膜 semipermeable membrane电渗析 n. electrodialysis渗析 n. dialysis9．其它处理方法中和 n. neutralizationv. neutralize酸性废水 acidic wastes化学沉淀 chemical precipitation沉淀软化 precipitation softening电解 n. electrolysis电除盐(EDI) n.electrodeionization吹脱、汽提法 n. stripping冷却 n. cooling冷却水 cooling water冷却塔 cooling tower第六部分生物处理生物反应器 n. bioreactor微生物 n.microorganismsn.microbes微生物种群 microbial population混合群落 mixed communities细菌 n. bacteria原生动物 n. protozoa真菌 n. fungi轮虫 n. rotifers生长 n. growth繁殖 n. reproduction世代时间 generation time生长速率 growth rates环境因子 environmental factors生态因子 ecological factors微生物生长动力学microbial growth kinetics1.迟滞期 lag phase2.对数生长期 exponential-growth phase3.减速生长期 decling growth phase稳定期 stationary phase4. 内源呼吸阶段 endogenous stage内源生长期 endogenous growth phase内源呼吸 endogenous respiration底物，基质 n. substrate底物（基质）利用 substrate utilization 生物量 n. biomass生物反应 biological reaction生物氧化 biological oxidation生物降解 n. biodegradation生物降解性 n. biodegradability生物可降解的，可生物降解的 a.biodegradable不可生物降解的 a. nonbiodegradable生物处理 biological treatment废水生物处理 biological wastewatertreatment废水生物处理系统biologicalwastewater treatment system污水生物处理系统 biological sewagetreatment system生物处理法biological treatmentprocess生物处理装置 biological treatmentunit串联 in series悬浮生长处理法suspended-growthtreatment processes生物固体 biological solids活性污泥 activated sludge附着生长处理法attached-growthtreatment processes附着的微生物 attached microbes微生物附着生长attached microbialgrowth生物膜 n. biofilm代谢 n. metabolismv. metabolize稳定，稳定化 n. stabilizationv. stabilize生物代谢 biological metabolism微生物代谢 microbial metabolism 好氧的 a. aerobic好氧菌 aerobic bacteria好氧微生物 aerobic microorganisms 好氧氧化 aerobic oxidation厌氧的 a. anaerobic厌氧菌 anaerobic bacteria厌氧氧化 anaerobic oxidation兼性的 a. facultative兼性菌 facultative bacteria好氧环境 aerobic environment 厌氧环境 anaerobic environment 营养物 n. nutrients无机营养物 inorganic nutrients营养物去除 nutrient removal营养物生物去除biological nutrientremoval脱氮除磷nitrogen and phosphorusremoval生物硝化 biological nitrification硝化菌 nitrifying bacteria生物反硝化，生物脱氮biologicaldenitrification生物除磷biological phosphorusremoval1．活性污泥法 activated sludge process微生物n. microorganisms n.microbes细菌 n. bacteria生物絮体 biological floc微生物絮体 microbial floc活性污泥 activated sludge絮状活性污泥flocculate-bacterialsludge回流活性污泥 (RAS) returned activatedsludge回流污泥 returned sludge回流污泥 recycled sludge剩余污泥 excess sludge废活性污泥(WAS) waste activatedsludge废污泥 waste sludge曝气池 aeration tank曝气池 aeration basin曝气池 aeration chamber完全混合曝气池completely mixedaeration basin活性污泥池 activated sludge tank曝气 n. aeration混合 n. mixing曝气系统 aeration system曝气器 n. aerator压缩空气 compressed air空气压缩机，空压机 air compressor鼓风机，风机 n. blower循环/切换 n. cycling/switchover扩散装置，扩散器 n. diffuser空气扩散装置，空气扩散器 air diffuser 鼓泡空气扩散装置（扩散器） bubble air diffuser微气泡扩散装置（扩散器） fine-bubble diffuser扩散板 plate diffuser扩散管 tube diffuser扩散罩 dome diffuser微气泡扩散曝气 fine-bubble diffusedaeration微气泡 fine-bubble大气泡 coarse-bubble静态混合器 static mixer机械曝气系统mechanical aerationsystems机械曝气 mechanical aeration表面曝气 surface aeration表面曝气器 surface aerator需氧量 oxygen demand供气量 air supply氧转移效率 oxygen tansfer efficiency可沉降固体 settleable solids挥发性固体 volatile solids非挥发性固体 nonvolatile solids挥发性悬浮固体(VSS) volatilesuspended solids混合液 mixed liquor混合液悬浮固体 (MLSS) mixed liquorsuspended solids混合液挥发性悬浮固体(MLVSS) mixedliquor volatile suspended solids污泥沉降比 (SV) settling velocity污泥容积指数(SVI) sludge volumeindex比耗氧速率(SOUR) specific oxygenuptake rate污泥龄 sludge age曝气池容积 aeration tank volume曝气时间 aeration period曝气时间 aeration time水力停留时间 (HRT) hydraulic residence time水力负荷 hydraulic loadingBOD负荷 BOD loading普通活性污泥法 conventional activated sludge process传统活性污泥法 conventional activated sludge process标准活性污泥法standard activated sludge process传统活性污泥厂 conventional activated sludge plant阶段曝气活性污泥step aeration activated sludge process分段 v. step进水负荷 influent load分段进水 step loading渐减 v. taper渐减曝气 tapered aeration接触稳定活性污泥法contact stabilization activated sludgeprocess再曝气 n. reaeration曝气—沉淀—再曝气aeration-sedimentation-reaeration完全好氧处理法complete aerobic treatment process高负荷（完全混合）活性污泥法high-rate (completely mixed) activatedsludge process延时曝气活性污泥法extended aeration activated sludgeprocess延时曝气法 extended aeration process延时曝气 extended aeration氧化沟 oxidation ditch水平转刷 horizontal rotor转刷曝气 rotor aeration笼型转刷 caged rotor吸附—生物降解工艺 (AB法)adsorption-biodegradation process序批式活性污泥法 (SBR法) sequencingbatch reactor (SBR) process、序批式活性污泥法 (SBR法) sequentialbatch reactor (SBR) processSBR法 SBR process序批式反应器 (SBR) sequencing batch reactor (SBR)序批式反应器(SBR) sequential batch reactor初沉 primary clarification曝气 n. aeration二沉 secondary clarification初沉池 primary clarifier二沉池 secondary clarifier泵送系统 pumping system活性污泥法 activated sludge process变体 n. variantSBR运行周期 SBR cycle处理周期 process cycle进水阶段 fill phase进水阀 influent valve反应阶段 react phase沉淀阶段 settle phase清水，上清液 clear water上清液 n. supernatant排水阶段 draw phase滗水阶段 decant phase滗水装置 decant mechanism闲置阶段，待机阶段 idle phase营养物去除 nutrient removal营养物生物去除biological nutrientremoval碳源 carbon source硝化 n. nitrificationv. nitrify硝化菌 nitrifying bacteria反硝化 n. denitrificationv. denitrify脱氮 n. denitrification生物反硝化，生物脱氮biological denitrification缺氧—好氧脱氮工艺 (A/O法)anoxic-oxic process厌氧—缺氧—好氧法(A2/O法)anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic processA-A-O法同步脱氮除磷工艺anaerobic-anoxic-aerobicprocess脱氮除磷nitrogen and phosphorusremoval厌氧氨氧化 (ANAMMOX)anaerobic ammoniumoxidation生物除磷 biological phosphorus removal 膜生物反应器 (MBR)membrane biological reactor 2．生物膜法生物膜 n. biofilm生物膜反应器 biofilm reactor生物滤池 n. biofilter生物过滤 n. biofiltration旋转布水器 rotary sprinkler填料 n. packings塑料管状或蜂窝状填料 plastic tubular or honeycomb-shaped packings滴滤池 trickling filter普通生物滤池 trickling filter高负荷生物滤池 high-rate filter塔式生物滤池 tower biofilter曝气生物滤池 (BAF) biological aeratedfilter生物转盘法 biodisc process生物转盘rotating biologicalcontactor生物转盘 n. biodisc塑料盘片 plastic discs轻质盘片 lightweight discs水平轴 horizontal shaft生物粘液 biological slime粘液层 slime layer生物流化床 biological fluidized bedbiological fluidised bed生物流化床反应器fluidized-bedbioreactor移动床生物膜反应器 (MBBR)moving-bed biofilm reactor3．厌氧生物处理发酵 n. fermentationv. fermentate产酸细菌 n. acidogens产甲烷细菌 n. methanogens产酸阶段 acidogenic phase产甲烷阶段 methanogenic phase水解 n. hydrolysisv. hydrolysis产酸发酵 acidogenic fermentation产氢产乙酸 H2-producing acetogenesis产甲烷 methanogenesis产酸菌 acid formers产甲烷菌 methane formers ,methane-forming bacteria有机酸 organic acids挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs) volatile fatty acids硫酸盐还原 sulfate reduction硫酸盐还原菌sulfate-reducing bacteria上流式厌氧污泥床 (UASB)upflow anaerobic sludge blanket上升流速 upflow velocity厌氧折流板反应器 (ABR)anaerobic baffled reactor两段或两级厌氧生物处理two-stage anaerobic biotreatment两相厌氧生物处理 two-phase anaerobic biotreatment产酸相 acidogenic phase产甲烷相 methanogenic phase消化 n. digestionv. digest消化池 n. digestor厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion污泥消化 sludge digestion厌氧消化池 anaerobic digestor厌氧接触法 anaerobic contact process厌氧膨胀床反应器anaerobic expanded-bed reactor厌氧流化床反应器anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor厌氧生物转盘anaerobic rotating biologicalcontactor4．自然生物处理系统自然净化系统natural purificationsystem稳定塘 stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘 oxidation ponds土地处理系统 land treatment systems废水土地处理land treatment ofwastewater净化过程 purification process自然净化 natural purification污水塘 sewage lagoon稳定塘 stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘 oxidation ponds好氧塘 aerobic pond兼性塘 facultative pond好氧生化反应aerobic biochemical reaction厌氧生化反应 anaerobic biochemical reaction厌氧分解 anaerobic decomposition厌氧分解 decompose anaerobically好氧稳定 aerobic stabilization细菌 n. bacteria藻类 n. algae微型植物 microscopic plants出流，出水 effluent flow光合作用 n. photosynthesis厌氧塘 anaerobic pond曝气塘 aerated pond修饰塘 polishing pond熟化塘 maturation lagoon深度处理塘 advanced treatment pond三级处理塘 tertiary treatment pond土地处理工艺（过程） land treatmentprocesses关键因素 critical factors土壤类型 soil type气候 n. climate土地处理系统 land treatment systems慢速土地处理系统slow rate land treatmentsystem低负荷土地处理系统low-rate land treatment system三级处理水平tertiary treatmentlevel灌溉 n. irrigationv. irrigate土壤的天然过滤和吸附性质natural filtration and adsorptionproperties of soil投配的废水 applied wastewater垄—沟表面布水ridge-and-furrow surfacespreading喷洒布水系统，喷灌布水系统 sprinklersystems快速渗滤土地处理系统rapidinfiltration land treatment system渗滤—渗透土地处理infiltration-percolation land treatment快速渗滤 rapid infiltration快速渗滤法 rapid infiltration method过滤作用 filtering action吸附作用 adsorption action地表漫流土地处理系统overland flow land treatment system 地表漫流 overland flow径流集水沟 runoff collection ditch物理、化学和生物过程physical , chemical , and biological processes湿地 n. wetland天然湿地 natural wetland人工湿地 constructed wetlandman-made wetland第七部分：污泥处理、处置与利用污泥 n. sludge生活污水污泥 sewage sludge污泥体积，污泥量 sludge volume原污泥，生污泥 raw sludge新鲜污泥，生污泥 fresh sludge消化污泥，熟污泥 digested sludge混合污泥 mixed sludge污泥处理 sludge treatment污泥处置 sludge disposal最终处置 ultimate disposal填埋 n. landfill污泥减量 sludge volume reduction污泥稳定化 sludge stabilization（污泥）浓缩 n. thickening污泥浓缩 sludge thickening稳定，稳定化 n. stabilizationv. stabilize稳定了的污泥 stabilized sludge调理（调节） n. conditioningv. condition脱水 n. dewateringv. dewater干化 n. drying污泥干化场 sludge drying bed污泥干燥 heat drying干燥器 n. dryer污泥焚烧，污泥焚化 n. incineration焚烧炉，焚化炉 n. incinerator污泥浓缩 sludge thickening物理过程 physical process含水过多的污泥 watery sludge稀污泥 thin sludge处理装置 treatment unit浓缩池 n. thickener重力浓缩 gravity thickening重力浓缩池 gravity thickener圆形污水沉淀池circular sewage sedimentation tank刮泥机 sludge scraper搅拌作用 stirring action底流 n. underflow浓缩的底流 thickened underflow浓缩污泥 thickened sludge出水 n. effluent上清液 n. supernatant溢流 v. overflow堰 n. weir气浮浓缩 floatation thickening溶气气浮 dissolved-air floatation气浮池 floatation tank入流污泥 influent sludge污泥絮体 sludge flocs撇去 v. skim漂浮污泥层 floating sludge layer污泥消化 sludge digestion消化池 n. digester消化池装置 digester unit消化 n. digestionv. digest有机固体 organic solids生化分解 biochemical decomposition好氧消化 aerobic digestion好氧污泥消化aerobic sludgedigestion好氧消化过程aerobic digestionprocess活性污泥池 activated sludge tank预制的（成套）活性污泥处理系统prefabricated (package) activatedsludge treatment systems预制的接触稳定或prefabricated contactstabilization or延时曝气处理系统extended aeration treatmentsystemsBOD负荷 BOD loading细胞物质 cellular mass内源衰亡 endogenous decay厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion厌氧污泥消化anaerobic sludgedigestion有盖的圆形池 covered circular tank消化过程 digestion process厌氧消化过程anaerobic digestion process生化反应 biochemical reactions有机酸 organic acids挥发性脂肪酸 (VFAs) volatile fatty acids甲烷气 methane gas末端产物 end product指示剂 n. indicator污泥消化池气体 sludge digester gas污泥沉淀 sludge settling污泥储存 sludge storage消化污泥 digested sludge充分消化的污泥 well-digested sludge消化池上清液 digester supernatant中温消化 mesophilic digestion高温消化 thermophilic degestion污泥脱水 sludge dewatering混合堆肥 co-composting污泥处理总成本overallsludge-handling costs第八部分：废水回用地表水资源 surface water resource地下水资源 groundwater resource水短缺 water scarcity回用 n. , v. reuse废水回用 wastewater reuse直接回用 direct reuse直接废水回用direct wastewaterreuse间接回用 indirect reuse间接废水回用indirect wastewaterreuse出水处理 effluent treatment回用水 reclaimed water排放 n. , v. discharge保留 n. retention循环 n. recyclingv. recycle部分处理 n. partial treatment最终用途 end use城市污水回用 municipal wastewaterreuse灌溉 n. irrigation景观灌溉 landscape irrigation地下水回灌 groundwater recharge市政回用 municipal reuse直接市政回用 direct municipal reuse深度处理，高级处理 advanced treatment 分质供水系统dual-distribution system间接市政回用indirect municipal reuse供水系统，给水系统water supply system取水口 n. intake天然同化能力natural assimilative capacity人工回灌 artificial recharge深井注射 deep-well injection浅表布水 shallow surface spreading渗透 n. percolation工业回用 industrial reuse工艺废水，过程废水processwastewaters工艺补充水，过程补充水 plant processmakeup water冷却塔水 cooling tower water选择性处理 optional treatment水费 water costs回用的城市污水reclaimed municipal wastewater工业过程 industrial processes冷却水 cooling water锅炉给水 boiler feedwater灌溉回用 irrigation reuse废水直接灌溉direct irrigation withwastewater低负荷土地处理系统low-rate landtreatment system间接灌溉回用indirect reuse forirrigation废水排放 wastewater discharge雨水回用 storm water reuse可回用水 reusable waterPart Ⅸ: 第九部分：投资成本，投资费（用） capital costs建设成本，建设费（用） constructioncosts运行成本，运行费（用） operating costs能耗成本 energy costs运行维护 operation and maintenance运行控制 operational control控制系统 control system仪表/控制系统instrumentation/control system 自动控制系统，自控系统automatic control system。
给排水专业英语汇总
给排水专业英语汇总 Company number：【0089WT-8898YT-W8CCB-BUUT-202108】UNIT 1给水工程 water supply engineering排水工程 sewetage engineering市政工程 civil engineering市政工程师 civil engineer环境工程 environmental engineering水文学 hydrology水力学 hydranlies水环境 natural aquatic environment流域 watershed水体 waterbody地表水 surface water新鲜水 freshwater地下水 groundwater含水层 aquifer天然含水层 natural aquifer地下含水层 underground aquifer水文循环 natural hydrologic cycle渗滤 infiltration降水 precipitation渗入 precolation蒸发 evaporation蒸腾 transpiration城市水文循环 urbanhydrologic cycle水源 water source水资源 water resource取水 water withdrawal水处理 water treatment配水 water distribution用水 water use污水 wastewater废水 abwasser废水收集 wastewatercollection废水处理 wastewaterdisposal受纳水体 receiving waters污染 pollution pollute污染物 pollntant玷污、污染 contamination致污物 contaminant未污染 uncontaminated水污染 water pollution水污染控制 waterpollution control水污染防治 water pollutionprevention污水回用 wastewater reuseUNIT 2水短缺 water scarcity地表水资源 surface waterresource管网 Pipe Network供水系统 water supplysystem市政配水系统 municipaldistribution system建筑给水系统house watersupply system分区供水系统 dualdistribution system小区 micro district小社区 small community冷水供水系统 cold watersupply system热水供水系统 hot watersupply system消防系统 fire protectionsystem喷淋系统 fire protection sprinkler system自动水幕系统 automatic drencher system半自动水幕系统semi automatic drencher system消火栓 hydrant排水系统 drainage system 生活排水系统 sanitary system工业排水系统 industrial system雨水排水系统 stormwater system合流制 combined sewers 分流制 separate sewers建筑排水系统 building drainage system卫生洁具 plumbing fixtures卫浴设备 bathroom fixtures输水系统 water transmission system漏水率 leakage rate配水系统 water distribution system环状管网 grid system支状管网 branchingsystem下水管道 sanitary sewer污水节流管 interceptingsewer污水节流系统 interceptingsewer system污水节流井 sewageintercepting cell支管 collection sewercollector sewer生活污水 sanitary sewagedomesticsewagedomesticwastewater工业污水 industrialwastewater工业污水/液/物 industrialwastes农业用水 agriculturalwastewater/wastes雨水 rainwater stormwater水位 waterlevel海拔、标高 elevation坡度 grade倾斜度 slope明渠 Open channel开挖 excavation深度 excavation depth水力分析 hydraulic analysis水头 pressure head总水头 total headUnit 3水头损失 Head loss速度头动压头 Velocityhead静压 Static head摩擦水头 Friction head水力坡度线 Hydranlic gradeline重力流 Gravity flow水塔 Water castle贮水箱 Cistern泵站 Pump station给水泵站 Water pumpstation污水泵站 Sewage station提升泵站 Lift pumping plant增压泵 Booster pump离心泵 Centrifugal pump 潜水泵 Submer sible pump 潜水艇 Submerine深井泵 Well pump虹吸虹吸管 Siphon人孔 Manhole法兰 Flange阀门 Valve闸阀 Gate valve泵送系统 Pumping system 流量 Flow rate流速 Fluid velocity层流 Laminar flow滞流粘性流 viscous flow 过渡流 Transitional flow 湍流 Turbulent flow紊流 Turbulence flow涡流 Eddying flow雷诺数 Teynolds number 水质 Water guality 水源 Water sources供水水源 Water supples原水 Raw water未处理水 Untreated water出水 Finished water原水水质 Raw-water quality水质标准 Water qualitystandards水质要求 Water qualityrequirements饮用水 Drink water\potablewater自来水 Tap water纯水 Pure water饮用水标准 Drinking waterstandards饮用水一级标Primarydrinking water standards最大允许浓度 Maxmumpermissible levelsmaxmumallowable levels最大污染物浓度 Maxmumcontaminant levels主要污染物 Primarycontaminants有机化合物 Organicchemicals合成有机化合物 Syntheticorganic chemicals挥发性有机化合物 Volatileorganic ohemicals无机化合物 Inorganicchemical微生物 Microorganisms\microbes微生物污染 Microbialcontaminants病原微生物 Pathogenicmicro organisms病原体 Pathogenic病毒 Pathogenic bacterin细菌 Bacteria大肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria病毒 Viruses藻类 Algae浊度 Turbidity放射性 Radionuclide感官性状 Esthetic qualities审美 Esthetic味 Taste嗅 Odo色 Colour变色 Discolouration变色 Discolor水质物理参数 Physical parameters of water quality 水的物理性质 Physical quality of water浊度值 Turbidity values浊度单位 Turdidity unit浑浊单位 Turdid嗅阈值 Threshold odor number化学性质 Chemical quality 水质化学参数Chemical parameters of water quality 溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen (DO)溶解氧浓度 Do level溶解氧平衡 Do balance氧损 Oxygen depletion有机污染物 Organic pollutant生化需氧量 Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)总氮 Total nitrogen (TN) 总凯式氮 Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) 悬浮固体 Suspended solids(SS)总悬浮固体 Totalsuspended solids (TSS)溶解 Dissolved (DS)总溶解 Total dissolved(TDS)Unit 4溶解的铁和锰 Dissolvediron and manganese硬度 Hardness碱度 Alkalinity盐度 Salinity有害物质 Toxic andhazardous materials氰化物 Cyanides急性毒性 Acute toxity慢性毒性 Chronic toxity基因毒性 Genetic toxicity基因 Gene难降解有机化合物Refractory organic chemicals永久性有机污染物Persistent organic pollutants致癌化学性 Carcinogenicchemicals三卤甲烷 Trihalo methanes卤素 Halogen甲基 Methyl氯仿 Trichloromethane三氯甲烷 Chloroform杀虫剂农药 Pesticide害虫 Pest杀虫剂 Insecticide除草剂 Herbicide杀菌剂 Germicide细菌 Germ防腐剂 Preservative保证 Preserve清洗剂 Cleaning agent洗涤剂 Detergent发泡剂 Foaming agent泡沫 Foam化肥 Fertilizer肥沃的 Fertile富营养化 Eutrophication营养的 Trophic营养水平 Trophic level生态位 NicheUnit 5原污水 Raw sewage原废水 Raw wastes处理水 Treated wastes回用水 Redaimed water水处理过程 Water processing收集 Collect处置 Dispose处理方法 Treatment method 处理费用 Treatment costs 处理单元 Treatment process 运行模式 Operational mode 间歇处理方式 Batch treatment approach均匀均化 Equalization均匀 Equalize调蓄水池 Equalization storage调节池 Equalization tank蓄水池 Storage tank降解 Degrade分解 Decompose分离 Separate隔离 Separation 物理法 Physical process物理处理 Physical treatment物理处理过程 Physicaltreatment process一级处理 Primary treatment初步处理 Preliminarytreatment格栅筛滤 Screening格栅 Screen格栅 Bar screen栅条 Bars钢栅条 Steel bars渣耙 Cleaning rakes圆形破碎机 Circular grinder破碎 Grind除砂 Degritting砂 Grit沙 Sand除砂 Grit removal沉砂池 Grit chamber沉淀 Settling沉淀池 Settling tank澄清池 Clarifier初澄清池 Primary clarifier初沉池 Primary settling tank一级出水 Primary effluent二级处理 Secondarytreatment二级处理工艺 Secondarytreatment process生物处理 Biologicaltreatment二澄清池 Secondaryclarifier二沉池 Secondary settlingtank最终澄清池 Final clarifier最终沉淀池 Final settlingtank二级出水 Secondaryeffluent三级处理 Tertiary treatment深度处理 Advancedtreatment废水消毒 Waste disinfection出流出水 Effluent flow允许浓度 Allowable levels优异出水 High-qualitypolished effluent废水处理厂 Wastewater treatment plant污水处理厂 Sewage treatment plant二级处理厂 Secondary treatment plant城市污水处理Municipal wastewater treatment市政工程 Municipal engineering土木工程 Civil engineering 城市污水处理厂Municipal wastewater treatment plant污水处理能力 Sewage treatment capacity电容 Capacitance污水处理设施 Municipal treatment facilities多反应器设施 Multi-reactor facility处理池 Treatment tank负荷 Load负荷 Loadings水力负荷 Hydrautic loading 污染负荷 Pollutant load有机负荷 Organic load 无机负荷 Inorganic load不含化肥、农药无机的Unorganic周期性负荷Periodic(intermitlent) loading第五部分：物化处理1．混凝 n. coagulation混凝过程 coagulationprocess化学混凝 chemicalcoagulation凝聚 n. aggregation絮凝 n. flocculationv. flocculate异向絮凝 perikineticflocculation同向絮凝 orthokineticflocculation混凝剂 n. coagulant混凝剂投量 coagulantdosage烧杯实验 jar test最佳混凝剂投量optimum coagulant dosage助凝剂 coagulant aid助凝剂 flocculation aid聚电解质 n.polyelectrolytes快速混合 flash-mix ,rapid-mix快速混合器 flash mixer ,rapid mixer混合池 mixer tank快速混合池 flash-mix tank絮凝器 n. flocculator絮凝池 flocculation tank固体接触池 solids-contact tank澄清 n. clarificationv. clarify澄清池 n. clarifier高负荷澄清池 high rateclarifier澄清水 clarifying water2．沉淀 n. sedimentation沉降 n. sedimentation自由沉降 plain settling拥挤沉降 hindered settling重力沉降 gravity settling沉淀池 settling tank沉淀池，沉降池sedimentation tank矩形沉淀池 rectangular settling tank圆形沉淀池 circular settling tank管式沉淀池 tube settler斜管沉淀池 steeply inclined tube settler板式沉淀池 parallel-plate settler板式沉淀池 plate separator气浮 n. floatation泡沫分离 foam separation 溶气气浮 dissolved-air floatation气浮池 floatation tank表面撇渣装置 surface-skimming device撇去 v. skim浮渣 n. scum浮渣槽 scum trough刮泥机 sludge scraper排泥 sludge drawoffsludge withdrawal预沉淀 n. presedimentation 预沉淀池 presedimentation basin 3．过滤 n. filtration滤池 n. filter慢滤池 slow filter快滤池 rapid filter高速（负荷）滤池 highrate filter砂滤池 sand filter慢砂滤池 slow sand filter快砂滤池 rapid sand filter重力滤池 gravity filter压力滤池 pressure filter过滤介质，滤料 filtermedium石英砂 silica sand无烟煤 n. anthracite硅藻土 diatomaceousearth煤—砂滤床 coal-sandbeds多层滤料 multilayeredmedia混合滤料 mixed media双层滤料滤池 dualmedia filter双层滤池 two-layer filter粗滤料 coarse media细滤料 fine media助滤剂 filter aid滤后水，滤出水 filteredwater滤后水，滤池出水 filtereffluent滤前水，滤池进水 filterinfluent浊度穿透 turbiditybreakthrough过滤周期 filter cycle清洗周期 cleaning cycle刮砂法 scraping method表面刮砂 surface scraping反冲洗 backwashing水力反冲洗 hydraulicbackwashing水力反冲洗 hydraulicbackwash水力分级 hydraulic grading4．消毒 n. disinfectionv. disinfect消毒剂 n. disinfectantdisinfection agent杀菌剂 n. germicide消毒过程 disinfection process消毒副产物 disinfection by-products氯化 n. chlorinationv. chlorinate氯化水 chlorinated water预氯化 n. prechlorination氯化消毒副产物 by-products of chlorination化学消毒剂 chemical disinfectants液氯 liquid chlorine ,liquefied chlorine氯胺 n. chloramines次氯酸盐 hypochlorites次氯酸钠 sodium hypochlorite二氧化氯 chlorine dioxide臭氧 n. ozone臭氧化，臭氧消毒 n. ozonation臭氧化 v. ozonate紫外线 (UV) ultraviolet radiation (UV)伽马射线 gammaradiation灭活 n. inactivationv. inactivate接触时间 contact time需氯量 chlorine demand加氯量，投氯量chlorine dosage ,applied chlorine自由氯，游离氯 freechlorine ,freeavailable chlorine化合氯 combinedchlorine剩余保护 residualprotection余氯 residual chlorine余氯量 chlorine residual自由余氯 free residualchlorine自由氯余量 free chlorineresidual化合余氯 combinedresidual chlorine化合氯余量 combinedchlorine residuals折点氯化（法）breakpoint chlorination折点氯化曲线breakpoint chlorination curve折点加氯量 breakpointdosage氯折点 chlorinebreakpoint压力钢瓶 pressured steelcylinder臭氧发生器 ozonegenerator需臭氧量 ozone demand剩余臭氧量 ozoneresidual剩余臭氧 residual ozone致病微生物，病源微生物pathogenicmicroorganisms病原体 n. pathogens致病细菌或病毒pathogenic bacteria or viruses细菌 n. bacteria大肠杆菌 coliformbacteria阿米巴氏菌 amoebiccysts孢子，芽孢 n. spores病毒 n. viruses藻类 n. algae原生动物 n. protozoa 5．氧化 n. oxidation还原 n. reduction氧化剂 n. oxidant强氧化剂 strong oxidizing agent高级氧化法 (AOP) advanced oxidation process 高级氧化工艺 (AOP) advanced oxidation process 高级氧化过程 (AOP) advanced oxidation process 高级氧化技术 (AOT)advanced oxidation technology6．吸附 n. adsorption活性炭 (AC) activated carbon粉末炭 (PAC) powdered activated carbon粒状炭 (GAC) granular activated carbon颗粒活性炭(GAC) granular activated carbon活性炭纤维 (ACF) activated carbon fiber再生 n. regeneration v. regenerate吸附剂 n. adsorbent吸附质 n. adsorbate吸附塔，吸附柱 adsorptioncolumn吸附床 adsorption bed空床接触时间 empty bedcontact time吸附带 mass transfer zone快速小柱试验 rapid smallscale column test生物活性炭 (BAC)biological activated carbon7．离子交换 n. ionexchange离子交换树脂 ionexchange resin离子交换器 ion exchanger离子交换柱 ion exchangecolumn硬度 n. hardness除硬 hardness removal软化 n. softeningv. soften化学软化 chemicalsoftening沉淀软化 precipitationsoftening除盐，脱盐 n.desaltinationv. desalt去矿化 n. demineralizationv. demineralize离子交换软化法 ionexchange softening process离子交换除盐法 ionexchange desalting process复床 combined bed混合床 mixed bed8．膜分离 membraneseparation微滤 n. microfiltration超滤 n. hyperfiltration纳滤 n. nanofiltration反渗透 reverse osmosis渗透 n. osmosis半透膜 semipermeablemembrane电渗析 n.electrodialysis渗析 n. dialysis9．其它处理方法中和 n. neutralizationv. neutralize酸性废水 acidic wastes化学沉淀 chemical precipitation沉淀软化 precipitation softening电解 n. electrolysis 电除盐 (EDI) n. electrodeionization吹脱、汽提法 n. stripping冷却 n. cooling 冷却水 cooling water 冷却塔 cooling tower 第六部分 生物处理 生物反应器 n. bioreactor微生物 n. microorganismsn. mi cr obes微生物种群 microbial population 混合群落 mixed communities 细菌 n. bacteria原生动物 n. protozoa 真菌 n. fungi 轮虫 n. rotifers生长 n. growth 繁殖 n. reproduction 世代时间 generation time 生长速率 growth rates环境因子 environmental factors生态因子 ecological factors微生物生长动力学 microbial growth kinetics 1. 迟滞期 lag phase 2. 对数生长期 exponential-growth phase 3. 减速生长期 decling growth phase 稳定期 stationary phase4. 内源呼吸阶段endogenous stage 内源生长期 endogenous growth phase内源呼吸 endogenous respiration底物，基质 n. substrate底物（基质）利用 substrate utilization 生物量 n. biomass 生物反应 biologicalreaction生物氧化 biological oxidation生物降解 n. biodegradation 生物降解性 n.biodegradability生物可降解的，可生物降解的 a. biodegradable 不可生物降解的 a. nonbiodegradable 生物处理 biological treatment废水生物处理 biological wastewater treatment 废水生物处理系统 biological wastewater treatment system 污水生物处理系统 biological sewage treatment system生物处理法 biological treatment process生物处理装置 biological treatment unit 串联 in series悬浮生长处理法suspended-growth treatment processes生物固体 biological solids 活性污泥 activated sludge 附着生长处理法 attached-growth treatment processes 附着的微生物 attached microbes微生物附着生长 attached microbial growth生物膜 n. biofilm代谢 n. metabolismv. metabolize稳定，稳定化 n. stabilizationv. stabilize生物代谢 biological metabolism微生物代谢 microbial metabolism好氧的 a. aerobic好氧菌 aerobic bacteria好氧微生物 aerobic microorganisms好氧氧化 aerobic oxidation 厌氧的 a. anaerobic厌氧菌 anaerobicbacteria厌氧氧化 anaerobicoxidation兼性的 a. facultative兼性菌 facultative bacteria好氧环境 aerobicenvironment厌氧环境 anaerobicenvironment营养物 n. nutrients无机营养物 inorganicnutrients营养物去除 nutrientremoval营养物生物去除biologicalnutrient removal脱氮除磷 nitrogen andphosphorus removal生物硝化 biologicalnitrification硝化菌 nitrifyingbacteria生物反硝化，生物脱氮biological denitrification生物除磷 biologicalphosphorus removal1．活性污泥法 activatedsludge process微生物 n. microorganismsn. microbes细菌 n. bacteria生物絮体 biological floc微生物絮体 microbial floc活性污泥 activated sludge絮状活性污泥 flocculate-bacterial sludge回流活性污泥 (RAS)returned activated sludge回流污泥 returned sludge回流污泥 recycled sludge剩余污泥 excess sludge废活性污泥 (WAS) wasteactivated sludge废污泥 waste sludge曝气池 aeration tank曝气池 aeration basin曝气池 aeration chamber完全混合曝气池 completelymixed aeration basin活性污泥池 activated sludgetank曝气 n. aeration混合 n. mixing曝气系统 aeration system 曝气器 n. aerator压缩空气 compressed air空气压缩机，空压机 air compressor鼓风机，风机 n. blower循环/切换 n.cycling/switchover扩散装置，扩散器 n. diffuser空气扩散装置，空气扩散器air diffuser鼓泡空气扩散装置（扩散器） bubble air diffuser微气泡扩散装置（扩散器）fine-bubble diffuser扩散板 plate diffuser扩散管 tube diffuser扩散罩 dome diffuser微气泡扩散曝气 fine-bubble diffused aeration微气泡 fine-bubble大气泡 coarse-bubble静态混合器 static mixer机械曝气系统 mechanical aeration systems 机械曝气 mechanicalaeration表面曝气 surfaceaeration表面曝气器 surfaceaerator需氧量 oxygen demand供气量 air supply氧转移效率 oxygentansfer efficiency可沉降固体 settleablesolids挥发性固体 volatilesolids非挥发性固体nonvolatile solids挥发性悬浮固体 (VSS)volatile suspended solids混合液 mixed liquor混合液悬浮固体 (MLSS)mixed liquor suspended solids混合液挥发性悬浮固体(MLVSS) mixed liquorvolatile suspended solids污泥沉降比 (SV) settlingvelocity污泥容积指数 (SVI) sludgevolume index比耗氧速率 (SOUR)specific oxygen uptake rate污泥龄 sludge age曝气池容积 aeration tankvolume曝气时间 aeration period曝气时间 aeration time水力停留时间 (HRT)hydraulic residence time水力负荷 hydraulic loadingBOD负荷 BOD loading普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludgeprocess传统活性污泥法conventional activated sludgeprocess标准活性污泥法 standardactivated sludge process传统活性污泥厂conventional activated sludgeplant阶段曝气活性污泥stepaeration activated sludgeprocess分段 v. step进水负荷 influent load分段进水 step loading渐减 v. taper渐减曝气 tapered aeration 接触稳定活性污泥法contact stabilization activated sludge process再曝气 n. reaeration曝气—沉淀—再曝气aeration-sedimentation-reaeration完全好氧处理法complete aerobic treatment process高负荷（完全混合）活性污泥法high-rate (completely mixed) activated sludge process延时曝气活性污泥法extended aeration activated sludge process延时曝气法 extended aeration process延时曝气 extended aeration 氧化沟 oxidation ditch水平转刷 horizontal rotor 转刷曝气 rotor aeration笼型转刷 caged rotor 吸附—生物降解工艺 (AB法)adsorption-biodegradationprocess序批式活性污泥法(SBR法)sequencing batch reactor(SBR) process、序批式活性污泥法(SBR法)sequential batch reactor (SBR)processSBR法 SBR process序批式反应器 (SBR)sequencing batch reactor(SBR)序批式反应器 (SBR)sequential batch reactor初沉 primary clarification曝气 n. aeration二沉 secondary clarification初沉池 primary clarifier二沉池 secondary clarifier泵送系统 pumping system活性污泥法 activatedsludge process变体 n. variantSBR运行周期 SBR cycle处理周期 process cycle进水阶段 fill phase进水阀 influent valve反应阶段 react phase沉淀阶段 settle phase清水，上清液 clearwater上清液 n. supernatant排水阶段 draw phase滗水阶段 decant phase滗水装置 decantmechanism闲置阶段，待机阶段 idlephase营养物去除 nutrientremoval营养物生物去除 biologicalnutrient removal碳源 carbon source硝化 n. nitrificationv. nitrify硝化菌 nitrifyingbacteria反硝化 n. denitrificationv. denitrify脱氮 n. denitrification生物反硝化，生物脱氮biological denitrification缺氧—好氧脱氮工艺 (A/O 法)anoxic-oxic process厌氧—缺氧—好氧法 (A2/O法) anaerobic-anoxic-aerobicprocessA-A-O法同步脱氮除磷工艺anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process脱氮除磷 nitrogen and phosphorus removal厌氧氨氧化 (ANAMMOX)anaerobic ammonium oxidation生物除磷 biological phosphorus removal膜生物反应器 (MBR)membrane biological reactor2．生物膜法生物膜 n. biofilm生物膜反应器 biofilm reactor生物滤池 n. biofilter生物过滤 n. biofiltration 旋转布水器 rotary sprinkler填料 n. packings塑料管状或蜂窝状填料plastic tubular or honeycomb-shaped packings滴滤池 trickling filter普通生物滤池 tricklingfilter高负荷生物滤池 high-ratefilter塔式生物滤池 towerbiofilter曝气生物滤池 (BAF)biological aerated filter生物转盘法 biodisc process生物转盘 rotatingbiological contactor生物转盘 n. biodisc塑料盘片 plastic discs轻质盘片 lightweight discs水平轴 horizontal shaft生物粘液 biologicalslime粘液层 slime layer生物流化床 biologicalfluidized bedbiological fluidised bed生物流化床反应器fluidized-bed bioreactor移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)moving-bedbiofilm reactor3．厌氧生物处理发酵 n. fermentationv. fermentate产酸细菌 n. acidogens产甲烷细菌 n.methanogens产酸阶段 acidogenic phase产甲烷阶段 methanogenicphase水解 n. hydrolysisv. hydrolysis产酸发酵 acidogenicfermentation产氢产乙酸 H2-producingacetogenesis产甲烷 methanogenesis产酸菌 acid formers产甲烷菌 methane formers ,methane-forming bacteria有机酸 organic acids挥发性脂肪酸 (VFAs)volatile fatty acids硫酸盐还原 sulfate reduction硫酸盐还原菌 sulfate-reducing bacteria上流式厌氧污泥床 (UASB) upflow anaerobic sludge blanket上升流速 upflow velocity厌氧折流板反应器 (ABR)anaerobic baffled reactor两段或两级厌氧生物处理two-stage anaerobic biotreatment两相厌氧生物处理 two-phase anaerobic biotreatment 产酸相 acidogenic phase产甲烷相 methanogenic phase消化 n. digestionv. digest消化池 n. digestor厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion污泥消化 sludge digestion厌氧消化池 anaerobic digestor厌氧接触法 anaerobic contact process厌氧膨胀床反应器anaerobicexpanded-bed reactor厌氧流化床反应器anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor厌氧生物转盘anaerobic rotatingbiological contactor4．自然生物处理系统自然净化系统 naturalpurification system稳定塘 stabilizationpondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘 oxidation ponds土地处理系统 landtreatment systems废水土地处理 landtreatment of wastewater净化过程 purificationprocess自然净化 naturalpurification污水塘 sewage lagoon稳定塘 stabilizationpondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘 oxidation ponds好氧塘 aerobic pond兼性塘 facultative pond好氧生化反应 aerobicbiochemical reaction厌氧生化反应 anaerobicbiochemical reaction厌氧分解 anaerobicdecomposition厌氧分解 decomposeanaerobically好氧稳定 aerobicstabilization细菌 n. bacteria藻类 n. algae微型植物 microscopicplants出流，出水 effluent flow光合作用 n.photosynthesis厌氧塘 anaerobic pond曝气塘 aerated pond修饰塘 polishing pond熟化塘 maturationlagoon深度处理塘 advancedtreatment pond三级处理塘 tertiarytreatment pond土地处理工艺（过程）land treatment processes关键因素 critical factors土壤类型 soil type气候 n. climate土地处理系统 land treatment systems慢速土地处理系统slow rate land treatment system低负荷土地处理系统low-rate land treatment system三级处理水平 tertiary treatment level灌溉 n. irrigationv. irrigate土壤的天然过滤和吸附性质natural filtration and adsorption properties of soil 投配的废水 applied wastewater垄—沟表面布水ridge-and-furrow surface spreading喷洒布水系统，喷灌布水系统 sprinkler systems快速渗滤土地处理系统rapid infiltration landtreatment system渗滤—渗透土地处理infiltration-percolation landtreatment快速渗滤 rapidinfiltration快速渗滤法 rapidinfiltration method过滤作用 filtering action吸附作用 adsorptionaction地表漫流土地处理系统overland flow landtreatment system地表漫流 overland flow径流集水沟 runoffcollection ditch物理、化学和生物过程physical , chemical , andbiological processes湿地 n. wetland天然湿地 natural wetland人工湿地 constructedwetlandman-made wetland第七部分：污泥处理、处置与利用污泥 n. sludge生活污水污泥 sewagesludge污泥体积，污泥量sludge volume原污泥，生污泥 rawsludge新鲜污泥，生污泥 freshsludge消化污泥，熟污泥digested sludge混合污泥 mixed sludge污泥处理 sludge treatment污泥处置 sludge disposal最终处置 ultimate disposal填埋 n. landfill污泥减量 sludge volumereduction污泥稳定化 sludgestabilization（污泥）浓缩 n.thickening污泥浓缩 sludgethickening稳定，稳定化 n.stabilizationv. stabilize稳定了的污泥 stabilized sludge调理（调节） n. conditioningv. condition脱水 n. dewateringv. dewater干化 n. drying污泥干化场 sludge drying bed污泥干燥 heat drying干燥器 n. dryer污泥焚烧，污泥焚化 n. incineration焚烧炉，焚化炉 n. incinerator污泥浓缩 sludge thickening物理过程 physical process含水过多的污泥 watery sludge稀污泥 thin sludge处理装置 treatment unit浓缩池 n. thickener重力浓缩 gravity thickening 重力浓缩池 gravity thickener圆形污水沉淀池circular sewagesedimentation tank刮泥机 sludge scraper搅拌作用 stirring action底流 n. underflow浓缩的底流 thickenedunderflow浓缩污泥 thickenedsludge出水 n. effluent上清液 n. supernatant溢流 v. overflow堰 n. weir气浮浓缩 floatationthickening溶气气浮 dissolved-airfloatation气浮池 floatation tank入流污泥 influent sludge污泥絮体 sludge flocs撇去 v. skim漂浮污泥层 floatingsludge layer污泥消化 sludgedigestion消化池 n. digester消化池装置 digester unit消化 n. digestionv. digest有机固体 organic solids生化分解 biochemicaldecomposition好氧消化 aerobicdigestion好氧污泥消化 aerobicsludge digestion好氧消化过程 aerobicdigestion process活性污泥池 activatedsludge tank预制的（成套）活性污泥处理系统prefabricated (package)activated sludge treatmentsystems预制的接触稳定或prefabricatedcontact stabilization or延时曝气处理系统extended aerationtreatment systemsBOD负荷 BOD loading细胞物质 cellular mass内源衰亡 endogenous decay厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion厌氧污泥消化 anaerobic sludge digestion有盖的圆形池 covered circular tank消化过程 digestion process厌氧消化过程 anaerobic digestion process生化反应 biochemical reactions有机酸 organic acids挥发性脂肪酸 (VFAs) volatile fatty acids甲烷气 methane gas末端产物 end product指示剂 n. indicator污泥消化池气体 sludge digester gas污泥沉淀 sludge settling污泥储存 sludge storage消化污泥 digested sludge充分消化的污泥 well-digested sludge消化池上清液 digester supernatant中温消化 mesophilicdigestion高温消化 thermophilicdegestion污泥脱水 sludgedewatering混合堆肥 co-composting污泥处理总成本overallsludge-handling costs第八部分：废水回用地表水资源 surfacewater resource地下水资源 groundwaterresource水短缺 water scarcity回用 n. , v. reuse废水回用 wastewaterreuse直接回用 direct reuse直接废水回用 directwastewater reuse间接回用 indirect reuse间接废水回用 indirectwastewater reuse出水处理 effluenttreatment回用水 reclaimed water排放 n. , v. discharge保留 n. retention循环 n. recyclingv. recycle部分处理 n. partialtreatment最终用途 end use城市污水回用 municipalwastewater reuse灌溉 n. irrigation景观灌溉 landscapeirrigation地下水回灌 groundwaterrecharge市政回用 municipalreuse直接市政回用 directmunicipal reuse深度处理，高级处理advanced treatment分质供水系统 dual-distribution system间接市政回用 indirectmunicipal reuse供水系统，给水系统water supply system取水口 n. intake天然同化能力 natural assimilative capacity人工回灌 artificial recharge深井注射 deep-well injection浅表布水 shallow surface spreading渗透 n. percolation工业回用 industrial reuse工艺废水，过程废水process wastewaters工艺补充水，过程补充水 plant process makeup water冷却塔水 cooling tower water选择性处理 optional treatment水费 water costs回用的城市污水reclaimed municipal wastewater工业过程 industrial processes冷却水 cooling water锅炉给水 boiler feedwater灌溉回用 irrigation reuse废水直接灌溉directirrigation with wastewater低负荷土地处理系统low-rate land treatmentsystem间接灌溉回用 indirectreuse for irrigation废水排放 wastewaterdischarge雨水回用 storm waterreuse可回用水 reusable waterPartⅨ:第九部分：投资成本，投资费（用） capital costs建设成本，建设费（用） construction costs运行成本，运行费（用） operating costs能耗成本 energy costs运行维护 operation andmaintenance运行控制 operationalcontrol控制系统 control system仪表/控制系统instrumentation/controlsystem自动控制系统，自控系统automaticcontrol system。
给排水专业英语重点词汇
BOD biochemical oxygen demandCOD chemical oxygen demandTSS total suspended solidsSS suspended solidsVSS volatile suspended solidsMLSS mixed liquid suspended solidsHRT Hydraulic Retention TimeSRT Sludge Retention TimeLOI Loss on ignitionFA fatty acidVFA volatile fatty acid[a dewatering tank 脱水池][a graded gravel layer 粗大砾石层][a leaching field 渗滤池][a suspended aerobic microbial culture 悬浮好养菌团] [Activated Carbon 活性炭][activated sludge processes 活性污泥工艺][adsorbent 吸附剂][adsorption 吸附][adsorption 吸附][adsorptive capacity 吸附容量][advanced wastewater treatment application 深度处理] [aeration tank 好氧池][agitated & aerated 搅拌，曝气][amino acid 氨基酸][ammonia nitrogen 氨氮][anearobiosis 厌氧生活][anion exchange resin 阴离子交换树脂][anion-exchange process 阴离子交换工艺] [assimilative capacity 同化能力][backwashing 反冲洗][basic concepts 基本类型][batch 间歇池][biodegradable organics 可生物降解有机物] [biological floc 生物絮体][biological treatment system mixed microbial culture 混合物菌群][bridge and bind 架桥连接作用][bulk solution transport 离子对流扩散][calcium & magnesium Ca 和Mg离子] [carbohydrates 碳氢化合物][carbon adsorption 活性炭吸附][carbon regeneration 活性炭再生][cation-exchange process 阳离子交换工艺][charge neutralization 电中和][chemical clarification 化学澄清池][chemical coagulation 化学絮凝][chemical precipitate 化学沉淀] [chlorination 氯化][clarification 分离][clarified effluent 澄清出水][coagulant aids 助凝剂][coagulant dose 混凝剂剂量][coagulation & flocculation 混凝和絮凝][colloid stability 胶体稳定性][colloidal material 胶体物质][combination of methods 联合式方法][combined sewer 合流制下水管][complicating factor 复杂因子][compression settling 压缩沉淀][contact time 接触时间][contaminant 污染物][contaminants of anthropogenic origin 人类活动的污染物] [continuous-flow stirrer-tank 连续流搅拌池CFST] [conventional biological treatment 常规生物处理] [conversion factor 转换因子][corrosion of metal 金属腐蚀][counter current 逆流][cross section 剖面图][culture/liquid separation 固液分离][deep well 深井][digested sludge 消化污泥][dilute suspensions 稀溶液][discrete particles 不连续颗粒][disease causing bacteria 致命菌][dissolved gases 溶解性气体][dissolved material 溶解性物质][divalent anion 二价阴离子][domestic use 生活用水][domestic wastewater 生活污水][domestic water supply 生活用水水源][downtime 或者residence time 停留时间][drain off 把…排除][dry season 旱季][empirical formula 经验分子式][enactment and enforcement 制定和实施][fatty acid 脂肪酸][film diffusion transport 扩散运输][filtration rate 流速][filtration 过滤][filtration 过滤][floating and suspended material 漂浮和悬浮物] [flocculator-clarifiers 絮凝澄清池][flocculent particles 絮凝颗粒][flotation 气浮][flow scheme 流程][free-swimming organism 游离生物][full-scale plants 生产性长][fundamentals of Adsorption 基础理论][GAC 粉末活性炭][granular carbon 颗粒活性炭][ground water 地下水][hardness ions 硬度][hardness 硬度][head loss 水头损失][heavy metal 重金属][heterogeneous collection 难溶物][heterogeneous suspension 非均匀悬浮物][hindered settling 拥挤沉淀][hydraulic problem 水力学问题][hydrogen ion concentration 氢离子浓度][hydrolysis product 水解产物][hydrolytic action 水解反应][hydrophobic colloid 疏水胶体][immiscible liquids 不溶液体][impervious bed 不透水层][impounded reservoir 蓄水水库][industrial use 工业用水][infiltration gallery 渗渠][inland waterways 内陆水体][insoluble hydrolysis product 不容水解物][intake point 取水口][ion exchange 离子交换][ion-exchange process 离子交换工艺][iron & manganese 铁或锰][irrigation facility 灌溉装置][lab-scheme 小试][lagoon 氧化塘][lined well 衬砌井][liquid phase 液相][mass balance 质量守恒][mechanism of coagulation 混凝机理][metabolizing 新陈代谢][methodology for its regeneration 再生方法][mixed-liquid suspended solids MLSS][mixed-liquid volatile suspended solids 混合液挥发性悬浮固体MLVSS][mode of operation 操作方式][molecular attraction 分子引力][municipal wastewater treatment 城市污水处理] [natural runoff of pollutants 污染物自然径流] [negative charge 负电荷][neutral environment 中性环境][normal plug-flow 标注推流式][open/dug well 大口井][operational circumstance 操作过程] [optimum environmental condition 最适宜环境条件] [PAC 颗粒活性炭][particle agglomerate 颗粒结块][pathogenic organism 病毒有机物][peptide bonds 肽键][pilot-plant test 中试][polishing treatment 深度处理][pore transport 孔隙运输][porous pipe 多孔管][powdered carbon 粉末活性炭][precipitation 沉淀][pretreatment 预处理][primary sedimentation 初沉池][primary treatment 初级处理][rabble arm 搅拌杠][rainy season 雨季][raw sewage 未处理水][reactivation 活化][recarbonation 重碳酸化][receiving water 受纳水体][recycle solid wastes 回收固体废弃物] [reduction of suspended solids ss去除率] [regenerated carbon 再生活性炭][remaining residue 剩余残余物][removal ratio of suspended solids ss去除率] [repulsive forces 斥力][reverse osmosis 反渗透][sanitary sewer 污水管道][sanitary 卫生工程学][saturated hydrocarbons 饱和碳氢化合物] [scanning electron micrograph 扫描电镜SEM] [scum 浮渣][secondary treatment 二级处理][secreted polymer 分泌聚合物][sediment load 污泥负荷][sedimentation behaviour 沉淀区] [sedimentation tank 沉淀池][sedimentation 沉淀][self purification property 自净能力][separate sewer 分流制下水管][septic tank 化粪池][sequence of methods 序批式方法][shared chemical & physical properties 物化共性] [silica-based adsorbents 合硅吸附剂][sludge age 污泥龄][sludge 污泥][solids retention time 固体停留时间SRT] [solubility of carbonate 碳酸盐溶解][source of supply 水源][specific water quality objective 特定水质指标] [supernatant liquid 上清液][surface water 地表水][sweep coagulation 网捕][synthetic polymeric 人工合成聚合物][technical and financial feasibility 技术经济可行性] [tertiary treatment 三级处理][the biological availability 生物有效性][the colloidal theory 胶体理论][the final clarifier 二沉池][the granular-media gravity filter 重力快滤池][the oxygen uptake rate 耗氧速率][the sludge collecting hopper 污泥收集斗][the spent carbon exhausted activated carbon 失活的活性炭][the trickling filter 生物滤池][thermal regeneration 加热再生][thickening 浓缩][toxic substoruce 有毒物质][toxicity reduction 有毒物质减少][trace nutrient 微量元素][transmission electron micrograph 透射电镜TEM][tube well 管井][turbidity & suspended matter 浊度&悬浮物质] [underdrain 下水道][unhindered settling 自由沉淀][unsettled sanitary wastewater 未处理生活污水] [waste disposal 废物处理][waste rate 排泥速率][waste treatment plant 废物处理厂][waste water 工业废水][water soften 水质软化][water softening 水软化][water treatment methods 给水处理方法][water works 供水工程][water-softening process 水软化处理][weight ratio 质量比][zeta potential 电位][zone settling 成层沉淀]。
最全给水排水专业英语单词表【范本模板】
abrade [ə’breid] v。
摩擦，磨损accelerated gravity settling ［ək'seləreitid] 回速重力沉降acidic [ə'sidik］adj。
酸的，酸性的adhesion ［əd'hi：ʒən] n. 附着力，，胶粘advanced oxidation 高级氧化advanced treatment 高级处理aggregation [ægri'geiʃən] n。
，聚合，集合体aging [’eidʒiŋ] n. 衰老，老化，陈化air diffuser [di’fju：zə] 气体扩散器air stripping ［’stripiŋ] 空气吹脱,气提alkalinity ［,ælkə’linəti］n。
【化学】碱性;碱度alum ［’æləm］n。
明矾,矾aluminum sulfate [,ælju’miniəm，,ælə'miniəm] ［'sʌlfeit] 硫酸铝amendment ［ə’mendmənt］n. 改善，改良，改正amnio ［’æmniəu] adj。
氨基的anaerobic ［æneə’rəubik] adj。
厌氧的ancillary [æn'siləri] adj. 辅助的, 附属的approach velocity [vi’lɔsiti］行近流速approximation [ə，prɔksi'meiʃən］n. 接近，近似Aquaclude 不透水层，难渗透水的地层aquatic [ə'kwætik］adj。
1. 水的，水上的,水生的；水栖的n. 水生动物,水草aquifer ［’ækwəfə］［'ækwifə] n。
含水层,地下蓄水层auxiliary ［ɔ:g'ziljəri］辅助的，补助的backwashing 反冲洗ballast ［’bæləst］n. 整流器,压舱物，道碴ballasted flocculent settling ［'bæləst] 加重絮凝沉淀ballasting agent ［’bæləstiŋ] 加重剂barr ier ['bæriə] n。
给排水专业专业英语词汇
给排水专业专业英语词汇1、hydrology 水文学、水文地理学2、hydrologic=hydrological3、hydrologic cycle 水文循环4、freshwater 淡水的、河水的5、fresh water 淡水、湖水6、precipitate 沉降、下沉7、evaporate 使蒸发、消失8、dewpoint 结露点9、droplet 小滴10、Ideal Gas Law 理想气体定律11、orographic 山岳的、山形的12、terrane 岩层13、convective 传送的、对流的14、schematic 示意的15、diagram 图表、图解16、hydraulic 水力的、水力学的17、precipitation 降水、降雨量、沉淀18、transpiration 蒸发（物）、植物蒸腾作用19、depict 描述、描写20、diagrammatically 用图解法地21、physical works 实际构筑物22、meterologist 气象学者23、hydrologist 水文学者24、hail （下）冰雹25、sleet 冰雪、雨加雪26、snowpack 积雪场27、thaw 解冻28、discard 丢弃、放弃29、environmental 环境的、周围的30、marketable 时宜销售的31、isolated 隔离的、孤立的32、Madison avenue 纽约麦迪逊大街33、integral 整体的、构成整体所需要的34、ecological 生态学的35、harbor 隐匿、庇护36、aquatic 水的、水生的、水憩的37、ecosystem 生态系统38、species 物种、式样39、aqueduct 沟渠、导水管40、desalinate 去处盐分、海水淡化41、arid 干旱的、贫瘠的42、iceberg 冰山、冷冰冰的人43、reverse 相反、颠倒、相反的、颠倒的44、aquifer （土壤）含水层、蓄水层45、rudimentary 根本的、未发展的46、malaria 疟疾、瘴气47、typhoid 伤寒症、伤寒的48、cholera 霍乱49、wetland 湿地、沼泽地50、habitat （动植物）的生活环境。
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给排水专业英语词汇汇总Distribution system 分配系统Grid system 环状管网ring system 环状管网loop feeder 环状管网branching system 枝状管网combination system 联合管网combined systemTopography 地形学，地形，地貌，地势dead end 死水点feeder 给水管，进料管elevation 地面标高valve 阀门，真空管water supply 给水，自来水，供水系统service reservoir 配水池（调节水池）pump 泵storage element （储水）构筑物70 m head 70米水煮leakage rate 泄漏量（泄漏率）hydraulic 水力的，水压的hydraulic analysis 水力分析field measurement 现场测量（实测）field date 实测数据key point 管网节点pipe junctions 管网节点node (key point, junction) 节点sign convention 符号规约positive clockwise 取顺时针方向为正head loss 水头损失iterative solution 迭代解loop method 环路法flow, runoff, discharge 流量sanitary 环境卫生的（尤指清除废物）Sewer 下水道，污水管Connection 连接管，排出管Cast-iron pipe 铸铁管PVC 聚氯乙烯Grade line 坡度线slope 倾斜度，坡度collecting sewer 污水支管Interceptor 截流污水管(intercepting sewer)domestic 民用的，生活的manhole 人孔，检查井drainage 排污系统，排水装置，下水道sewerage system 污水工程系统invert 管道内底pump station 泵站contaminant 污染物ground water 地下水surface water 地表水wastewater 污废水floating materials 漂浮物suspended materials 悬浮物colloidal materials 胶体物质colloidal particles 胶体微粒dissolved materials 溶解物质dissolved gases 溶解气体microorganisms 微生物(microbe)organic and inorganic constituents 有机和无机成分hardness-ion 硬度离子hardness 硬度carbon dioxide 二氧化碳hydrogen sulfide 硫化氢alga (algae) 水藻，藻类clay 粘土silt 泥沙，淤泥pathogenic 病原体，致病菌，病原菌bacteria 细菌ammonia 氨水，氨methane gas 甲烷，沼气turbidity 浊度taste 味odor 臭drinking water 饮用水water sample 水样suspension 悬浮液turbidity unit (TU) 浊度单位turbidimeter 浊度表，浊度仪solubility 溶度，溶解性metabolism 新陈代谢standard color solution 标准比色液threshold odor number 臭阈值boiler feed water 锅炉给水bioler water supply 锅炉给水demineralize 去除矿物质scale deposit 水垢，积垢outfall 出水口，排水口chemical clarification 化学澄清coagulation 混凝coagulant 混凝剂sedimentation 沉淀filtration 过滤disinfection 消毒synthetic polymer 合成聚合物activated carbon 活性炭chlorine 氯sedimentatin basin 沉淀池oxidize 使氧化，使生锈soften 软化settle-able 会沉淀的aeration 通风，曝气plain settling 自由沉淀detention time 滞留时间flocculation 絮凝flocs 絮凝体coagulant aid 助凝剂(flocculation aid) natural alkalinity 自然碱度high-molecular compound 高分子化合物jar test 烧杯实验centrifugal 离心的low-lift pump 低扬程水泵suction line 吸入管线impeller 叶轮pump casing 泵壳paddle-type flocculator 桨板式絮凝器（池）clarifier 澄清池up flow clarifier 升流式澄清池contact tank 接触反应池sedimentation basins 沉淀池inlet baffle 进水挡板effluent weir 出水堰tube settler 管式沉淀池influent flow 入流reaction jet structure 喷流结构finger launder 指型槽结构effluent launder 出流槽cross baffle 横向挡板settling tank 沉淀池(settler)aqueous suspension 水悬浮液shallower basin 浅池parallel-plate settler 斜板沉淀池tube settler 斜管沉淀池feed rate 水流速度laminar flow 层流filter medium 过滤介质（滤料）anthracite 无烟煤mixed-media 复合滤料back-wash 反冲洗hydraulic grading 水力分级high-rate sedimentation basins 高效澄清池slow and rapid sand filter 慢砂滤池和快砂滤池mixed-media filter 复合滤料滤池specific gravity 比重filter cycle 过滤周期oxidation potential 氧化电势，氧化性reduction potential 还原电势，还原性ozone 臭氧oxidant 氧化剂reducer 还原剂germicidal property 杀菌能力(germicide 杀菌剂) molecular weight 分子量halogen 卤素pilot 试验性的chlorination 氯化，用氯处理water-borne disease 水传播病THMs 三卤甲烷breakpoint chlorination 折点加氯breakpoint dosage 折点剂量free (available) 自由性氯chlorine demand 需氯量combined chlorine 化合性氯water pollution 水污染organic wastes 有机废物municipal waste 市政污水dissolved osygen 溶解氧(DO)slightly soluble 微溶于水的saturation concentration 饱和浓度biochemical osygen demand (BOD)生化需氧量pollutant 污染物biodegrabable 可生物降解的chemical oxygen demand (COD)化学需氧量oxidizing agent 氧化剂wastewater treatment plant 污水处理厂total suspended solids (TSS) 总悬浮固体mixed liquor suspended-solids (MLSS) 混合液悬浮固体浓度volatile suspended solids (VSS)挥发性固体wastewater analysis 污水水质分析water pollution control 水污染控制anaerobic 厌氧菌的，厌氧引起的aerobic 需氧的，好氧的primary treatment 一级处理screen 格栅grit chamber 沉砂池settler 沉淀池V-notch weir 三角堰primary clarifier 初沉池turbulence 紊流primary effluent 一级出水secondary treatment 二级处理biological treatment system 生物处理系统activated-sludge system 活性污泥系统aeration basin 曝气池return activated sludge (RAS)回流污泥air diffuser 空气扩散器step aeration activated-sludge process 阶段曝气活性污泥法BOD-SS loading BOD污泥负荷mixed liquor suspended-solids (MLSS) 混合液悬浮固体浓度sequential batch reactor (SBR) 序批式（间歇式）活性污泥法primary clarifier 初沉池secondary clarifier 二沉池sludge treatment 污泥处理volume reduction 减量化sludge thickening 污泥浓缩sludge scraper 刮泥器sludge digestion 污泥消化methane-forming bacteria 产甲烷菌管道工程常用术语CECS 83:96 管道conduit, pipeline, duct管道结构pipeline (conduit) stucture埋地管道,地下管道buried conuit (pipeline), under-ground conduit (pipeline)地上管道above=ground conduit (pipeline)水下管道submerged pipeline, subaqueous pipeline海底管道submarine pipeline架空管道overhead pipeline管桥pipe bridge工业管道industrial pipeline给水管道water supply conduit (pipeline)输水管道water transmission conduit (pipeline)配水管道water distribution pipeline排水管道sewer conduit (pipeline)雨水管道storm sewer conduit (pipeline)河流管道combined drainage conduit (pipeline)污水管道sewage conduit (pipeline)涵洞culvert建筑给水管道pipeline for water supply in building建筑排水管道pipeline for waste water (sewerage) in building雨落管down pipe, down spout冷却水管道cooling water pipeline输油管道petroleum transmission pipeline输气管道gas transmission pipeline供热管道heat-supply pipeline采暖管道heating pipeline通风管道ventilating duct细颗粒固体输送管道finely divided solid transmission pipeline管沟pipe duct电缆沟cable duct通行地沟accessible duct不通行地沟unpassable duct综合管道，共同沟combined duct电工套管electrical conduits无压管道non-pressure conduit (pipeline)自流管道，重力流管道free-flow conduit (pipeline), gravity-flow conduit (pipeline) 管道穿越pipeline under crossing管道跨越pipeline aerial (over) crossing管道支架pipeline trestle管道支墩pipeline pier刚性管rigid pipe柔性管flexible pipe半柔性管，半刚性管semi-flexible pipe, semi-rigid pipe内衬liner涂层coating, surface layer管道接头pipeline joint管件pipe fitting管道附件pipe accessory管道附属构筑物pipeline appurtenance止推墩，固定墩thrust blocks, anchor管道防腐corrosion prevetive of pipes管道隔热，管道保温thermal insulation of pipes钢管steel pipe无缝钢管seamless steel pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe直缝焊接钢管longitudinal welded steel pipe电阻焊electirc resistence welding, ERW不锈钢管stainless steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe (CIP)灰口铸铁管grey cast iron pipe (CIP)稀土铸铁管rare earth cast iron pipe球墨铸铁管，可延性铸铁管nodular castiron pipe, ductile cast iron pipe (DIP)铸态球墨铸铁管unannealed nodular (ductile) cast iron pipe混凝土管concrete pipe (CP)钢筋混凝土管reinforced concrete pipe (RCP)预应力混凝土管prestressed concrete pipe (PCP)自应力混凝土管self-prestressed concrete pipe, chemically prestressed concrete pipe预应力钢筒混凝土管prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP)内衬式预应力钢筒混凝土管lined type PCCP (PCCR-L), lined-cylinder pipe (LCP)埋置式预应钢管混凝土管embedded type PCCP (PCCP-E), embeded-cylinder pipe (ECP)石棉水泥管asbestos-cement pipe (ACP)陶土管vitrified clay pipe硬聚氯乙烯塑料管unplasticised polyvinyl chloride pipe (UPVC管)聚乙烯塑料管polyethylene pipe (PE管)聚丙烯塑料管polypropylene pipe (PP管)聚丁烯塑料管polybutylene pipe (PB管)红泥聚氯乙烯耐候塑料管red mud plastic anti-weather pipeABS工程塑料管acrylonitrile butadiene stryrene pipe (ABS管)玻璃纤维管，玻璃纤维增强热固性塑料管fiberglass reinforced pipe (FRP), glass fibre reinforced plastics pipe (GRP)增强热固性树脂管reinforced thermosetting resin pipe (RTRP)增强塑料砂浆管reinforced plastic mortar pipe (RPMP)复合管composite pipe混合结构管道mixed structure conduit圆形管道circular conduit (pipeline)矩形管道box (rectangular) conduit马蹄形管道horseshoe conduit半椭圆形管道semi-elliptical conduit椭圆形管道oval conduit, elliptical conduit卵形管道ovoid conduit波纹管corrugated pipe螺纹状helical corrugation圆圈状annular corrugation单壁波纹管single wall corrugated pipe双臂波纹管double wall corrugated pipe波纹塑料管corrugated plastic pipe异型（肋型）塑料管profile (ribbed) wall plastic pipe开孔肋形管open profile pipeT形肋T-rib section竖肋vertical rib section闭孔肋形管closed profile pipe发泡塑料管plastic sandwich pipe保护套管protective cased pipe双层管pipe in pipe平口管straight butt (plain) end pipe斜口管beveled pipe, splayed end pipe承口管socket pipe企口管tongue and groove pipe, rebated pipe现浇管道cast-in-place (situ) conduit预制装配管道precast fabricated conduit离心法centrifugal process连续浇筑法continuous casting process砂型浇注法sand box casting process悬辊法roller suspension process径向挤压法，立式挤压法vertical compressed casting process 立式振捣法vertical vibrated casting process芯模振捣法core vibrated casting process振动台振捣法table vibrated casting process震动挤压法vibrohydro pressed casting process管芯缠绕法core winding process纤维缠绕法filament winding process挤出成型法shaped by screw rod extruder单螺杆挤出机single-screw extruder双螺杆挤出机double-screw extruder注模成型法shaped by injection molding管道截面conduit section管道宽度breadth of conduit管道高度height of conduit管长pipe length管有效长度effective length of pipe管直径pipe diameter公称直径norminal diameter (DN)内径inside diameter外径outside diameter平均直径mean diameter管壁厚thickness of pipe wall顶点crown底点invert侧点springline拱沟矢高rise of arch conduit管道结构厚度thickness of conduit structure管道荷载load on conduit (pipeline)管道恒荷载dead load on conduit (pipeline)管道活荷载live load on conduit (pipeline)竖向土压力，垂直土压力vertical earth pressure侧向土压力，水平土压力lateral earth pressure, horizontal earth pressure 沟埋式土压力earth pressure on trench conduit上埋式土压力earth pressure on embankment conduit土拱压力earth pressure under soil arch竖向土压力系数coefficient of vertical earth pressure管上土柱interior prism管侧土柱exterior prism主动土压力active earth pressure静止土压力earth pressure at rest被动土压力passive earth pressure土的弹性抗力elastic reaction of soil车辆荷载traffic load轮压wheel pressure, type pressure动力系数impact factor堆积荷载surcharge load, heaped load施工荷载site load工作压力working pressure, serviceability pressure设计压力design pressure波动压力surge pressure静水压力hydrostatic pressure动水作用力dynamic water pressure真空压力vacuum pressure三支承法试验three-edge bearing test双支承法试验two-edge bearing test裂缝荷载cracking load under three-edge bearing test破坏荷载ultimate load under three-edge bearing test刚度等级stiffness class刚度试验stiffness test刚柔比flexural stiffness ratio压扁试验，扁平试验flattening test冲击试验impact test压力等级pressure class水压检验试验works hydrostatic test, hydrostatic proof test持续压力试验sustained pressure test四点法荷载试验four-point loading test三点法荷载试验three-point loading test弯曲试验bending test横向计算transversal calculation纵向计算longitulinal calculation强度计算strength calculation稳定验算stability calculation刚度验算stiffness calculation裂缝宽度验算crack width calculation基础（基座、管基、管座）中心角bedding angle 素土平基flat subgrade土弧基础shapped subgrade混凝土管基（管座）concrete cradle槽宽breadth of trench覆土高度earth cover (height of fill) over conduit分布角spreading angle负载分布图形loading distribution diagram地基反力图形bearing pressure distribution diagram 布氏压力图形Boussinecq pressure bulb奥兰特分布图形Olander’s bulb form distribution弹性反力图形distribution of elastic reactionD-荷载D-lead滞后系数lag factor刚性环stiffness ring分离式基础separate foundation跨越结构aerial crossing structure管道跨越pipe crossing结构跨越structural crossing组合跨越composite crossing固定支架fixed trestle刚性支架rigid trestle柔性支架flexble trestle半固定支架partial fixed trestle导向支架oriented (guiding) frestle刚性接头rigid joint柔性接头flexible joint伸缩接头expansion joint插入式接头push-on type joint套管（筒）式接头collar type joint, sleeve joint自锚式接头self-anchoring joint活接头，活箍detachable type joint, slip-on coupling 热溶接头fusion joint粘结接头solvent cement joint法兰接头flanged joint螺纹接头threaded joint承插式接头socket (bell) and spigot joint企口式接头tongue and groove joint。