新概念三L42-L60
新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson60
新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson60新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson60【课文】Punctuality is a necessary habit in all public affairsin civilized society. Without it, nothing could ever be brought to a conclusion; everything would be in state of chaos. Only in a sparsely-populated rural community is it possible to disregard it. In ordinary living, there can be some tolerance of unpunctuality. The intellectual, who is working on some abstruse problem, has everything coordinated and organized for the matter in hand. He is therefore forgiven if late for a dinner party. But people are often reproached for unpunctuality when their only fault is cutting things fine. It is hard for energetic, quick-minded people to waste time, so they are often tempted to finish a job before setting out to keep an appointment. If no accidents occur on the way, like punctured tires, diversions of traffic, sudden descent of fog, they will be on time. They are often more industrious, useful citizens than those who are never late. The over-punctual can be as much a trial to others as the unpunctual. The guest who arrives half an hour too soon is the greatest nuisance. Some friends of my family had this irritating habit. The only thing to do was ask them to come half an hour later than the other guests. Then they arrived just when we wanted them.If you are catching a train, it is always better to be comfortably early than even a fraction of a minted too late. Although being early may mean wasting a little time, this will be less than if you miss the train and have to wait an hour or more for the next one; and you avoid the frustration of arriving at the very moment when the train is drawing outof the station and being unable to get on it. An even harder situation is to be on the platform in good time for a train and still to see it go off without you. Such an experience befell a certain young girl the first time she was traveling alone.She entered the station twenty minutes before the train was due, since her parents had impressed upon her that it would be unforgivable to miss it and cause the friends with whom she was going to stay to make two journeys to meet her. She gave her luggage to a porter and showed him her ticket. To her horror he said that she was two hours too soon. She felt in her handbag for the piece of paper on which herfather had written down all the details of the journey and gave it to the porter. He agreed that a train did come into the station at the time on the paper and that it did stop, but only to take on mail, not passengers. The girl asked to see a timetable, feeling sure that her father could not have made such a mistake. The porter went to fetch one and arrive back with the station master, who produced it with a flourish and pointed out a microscopic 'o' beside the time of the arrival of the train at his station; this little 'o' indicated that the train only stopped for mail. Just as that moment the train came into the station. The girl, tears streaming down her face, begged to be allowed to slip into the guard's van. But the station master was adamant： rules could not be broken and she had to watch that train disappear towards her destination while she was left behind.【课文翻译】准时是文明社会中实行一切社交活动时必须养成的习惯。
新概念三Lesson 42
• • • • • • • • • •
The deepest known cave in the world is the Gouffre Berger near Grenoble. It extends to a depth of 3, 723 feet. This immense chasm has been formed by an underground stream which has tunnelled a course through a flaw in the rocks.
• The entrance to the cave • is on a plateau • in the Dauphiné Alps.
• The Alps is one of the greatmountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria and Slovenia in the east through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein • and Germany to France in the west.
• • • • • • •
Though a number of descents have been made, much of it still remains to be explored. A team of pot-holers recently went down ] the Gouffre Berger.
• • • • • • • •
新概念3Lesson 42 modern caveman
Lesson 42 modern cavemanCave exploration, or pot-holing, as it has come to be known, is a relatively new sport. Perhaps it is the desire for solution or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures people down to the depths of the earth. It is impossible to give a satisfactory explanation for a pot-holer’s motives. For him, caves have the same peculiar fascination which high mountains have for the climbers. They arouse instincts which can only be dimly understood.Exploring really deep caves is not a task for the Sunday afternoon ramber. Such undertakings require the orecise planning and foresight of military opertations. It can take as long as eight days to rig up rope ladders and to establish supply bases before a descent can be made into a very deep cave. Precautions of this sort are necessary, for it is impossinle to foretell the exact nature of the diffculties which will comfront the pot-holer. The deepest known cave in the world is the gouffre berger near gernoble. It extends to a depth of 3700 feet. This immense chasm has been formed by an underground stream which has tunneled a course through a flaw in the rock. The entrance to the cave is on a plateau I the Alps. As it is only 6 feet across, it is barely noticeable. The cave might never have been discovered had not the entrance been spotted by thedistinguished french pot-holer, Berger. Since its discovery it has become a sort of pot-holer’s everst. Thought a number of descents have been made, much of it still remains to be explore.A team of pot-holers recently went down the GB. After entering the narrow gap on the plateau, they climbed down the steep sides of the cave until they came to a narrow corridor. They had to edge their way along this, sometimes wading across shallow streams , or swimming across deep pools. Suddenly they came to a waterfall which dropped into an underground lake at the bottom of the cave. They plunged into the lake,and after loading on an inflatable rubber dinghy, let the curret carry them to the other side. T o protect themselves from the icy water, they have to wear special rubber suits. At the far end of the lake, they came to huge piles of rubble which had been washed up by water. In this part of the cave, they could hear an insistant booming sound which they found was caused by a small waterspout shooting down into a pool from the roof of the cave. Squzzing through a cleft in the rocks, the pot-holers arrived in an enormous carven, the size of a huge concert hall. After switching on powerful arc light, they saw salagmites-sime of them over forty feet high- rising up like tree trunks t meet the stalactites suspended from the roof. Round about, piles of limestone glistened in all the colors of the rainbow. In theeerie silence of the carven, the only sound could be heard was made by water which dripped continuously from the high dome above.Jan 30th。
新概念英语第三册课文重点精讲解析Lesson40~42
【导语】新概念英语作为家喻户晓的经典之作，它有着全新的教学理念，有趣的课⽂内容及其全⾯的技能训练，为⼴⼤的英语学习者提供帮助！如果你也想学好英语，⼜怎能错过新概念英语？下⾯为您提供了相关内容，希望对您有所帮助！新概念英语第三册课⽂重点精讲解析Lesson40 1.It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. 背诵句型 It为形式主语. 2.Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. 背诵句型 put out 扑灭,熄灭. indulge in 沉迷于 Ex：Many old people indulge in reminiscences of their youth. 3. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. As soon as ⼀...就... hung up 挂上电话 go away ⾛开 take him seriously 严肃对待 be to do 结构含义： （1）should Eg: Such a private thing should be avoided. Such a private thing is to be avoided （2）must Eg: No students must leave school without the permission of the police. No students are to leave school without the permission of the police. （3）intend 意图，打算 Eg: We intend to start work next week. We are to start work next week. 4.Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information. 背诵句型 were grateful to sb for sth 因...⽽感激/感谢 Ex：His parents were very grateful to us for informing them of his safe return. 5.When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. 背诵句型 threatened to 恐吓要做某事 by force 以武⼒ 6.The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. 背诵句型 as he pleased 此句为⽅式状从,省略了 to do 7. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. remonstrated with + 表⽰⼈的名词规劝... remonstrated with sb. about/ regarding/ upon/ on sth. 因...⽽规劝某⼈ Ex：His parents remonstrated with him about his bad habits. 8.At this, the police pointed out ironically that this would hardly be necessary as the men were already under arrest. 背诵句型 as this 听到 at 是介词,表⽰"⼀...(就)..." 此意思为"⼀听到这话". this 指代其中⼀个⼯⼈威胁要去叫警察这件事. Ex： At the words,he got angry. With the words, he left the room angrily. pointed out ironically 讽刺地指出 hardly be necessary ⼤可不必 under 与名词搭配表⽰⼀种被动的概念 under discussion / arrest / repair 9.Pretending to speak seriously, one of the workmen asked if he might make a telephone call before being taken to the station. 背诵句型 Pretending to 假装做... make a telephone call 打个电话 10. Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a pay phone. 背诵句型 11.Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax. Only when 直到...才... Only 为副词,起强调作⽤. 只有当Only +状语这样的结构在句⾸时,句⼦(或主句) 的谓语部分才需要使⽤倒装的语序. Ex： Only if you've been through such agony will you believe it. From a scientific point of view, work is done only when the applied force produces motion.新概念英语第三册课⽂重点精讲解析Lesson41 1.City born and city bred. I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasional visit during the weekend. City born and city bred 是两个由"名词+过去分词"构成的合成词, 做形容词使⽤. 此作原因状语. regards...as 把...视为. 相当: think of ...as / refer to ...as you look at... & you occasionally visit... 为定语从句,分别修饰前⾯的 something. 在something与两个定语从句间分别省略了关系连词 that. 2.Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at the mere mention of the country. 背诵句型 go into raptures 变得欣喜若狂. at the mere mention of ⼀提到 at the sight of ⼀看到 at the touch of ⼀触及到 at the news of ⼀听到 at the sound of ⼀听到 Ex：They went to reptures at the good news. 3. Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town life. 背诵句型 be under the illusion 有这样的错觉,其后 that引导⼀个同位语从句. Ex： He is under the illusion that he is always right. be superior to ⽐...优越. 含⽐较之意,⽤与两⼈或两个事物之间的⽐较. be superior to 还可引伸为"不为...影响"、"拒绝"等意, ⽤于此意时,介词可⽤above 替换. Ex： He's superior to bribery. be superior to 表⽰"在...⽅⾯胜过..."时,通常使⽤be superior in... to" OR "be superior to...in ..."这结构. Ex： He felt superior in maths to John. 4.He is forever talking about the friendly people... 这⾥的副词 forever 与正在进⾏时的⼀同使⽤,表⽰作者的不满这样的感情⾊彩. always, forever, constantly, continually 等副词同进⾏时态共⽤, 除表⽰某事常发⽣外, 往往表⽰说话⼈对发⽣的此类事情的不满. 5.Nothing can be compared, he maintains, with the first cockcrow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures. compared with 将...同...相⽐.⽤于两者间⽐较 cockcrow n. 鸡叫 twitter v. (鸟)吱吱叫，喊喊喳喳叫 glint v. 闪烁 glinting on the trees and pastures 为现在分词短语,在句中作宾语补⾜语. he maintains 他坚持认为. 在句中作插⼊语 6.This idyllic pastoral scene is only part of the picture. 背诵句型 idyllic adj. ⽥园诗的 Ex：He is leading an idyllic life. 7. My friend fails to mention the long and friendless winter evenings in front of the TV -- virtually the only form of entertainment. fails to mention = says nothing about 没有提到...... virtually adv. ⼏乎,差不多 friendless 此处使⽤了暗喻的修辞⼿法,⽤修饰⼈的形容词来修饰事物(winter evenings). 感觉⽣动简洁. 8. Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me. They could be saved so much misery and expense if they chose to live in the city where they rightly belong. 背诵句型 dubious adj. 可疑的;怀疑的 be dubious about/of 对...怀疑,对...不肯定，主要表⽰不肯定的，不确定的 privilege n. 特权 misery n. 苦难 beyond me = be beyond my understanding 我⽆法理解的 are prepared to 愿意做. 其后为名词时, 通常构成为be prepared for... Why 为连接副词,在本句中引导⼀个主语从句. They could be... 此句使⽤了虚拟语⽓. 可翻译为"如果他们选择...他们本可省掉..." 将此句改为主动语态后为: To live in the city could save them so much misery and expense. 句中间接宾语them作主语,⽽直接宾语misery and expense 作为宾语保留在句中. 9. If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, you will find the city can provide you with the best that life can offer. 背诵句型 do without = go without 没有...也⾏ 10. There is so much variety that you never have to make do with second best. 背诵句型 never have to =need not =don't have to make do with 凑合者⽤ 11. Some of my acquaintances in the country come up to town once or twice a year to visit the theatre as a special treat. come up : up ⽤于:由乡下到城镇,由南到北 12. As the play draws to its close draw to its close = near its end 临近结束/尾声 13. The cit dweller never experiences anxieties of this sort. 背诵句型 We can keep ourselves free from the anxieties of this sort which afflict the country dweller. 14. Country people run wild when they go shopping in the city and stagger home loaded with as many of the exotic items as they can carry. 背诵句型 run wild 发疯 15. Nor is the city without its moments of beauty. nor ... without 双重否定 The city has got its own beauty.新概念英语第三册课⽂重点精讲解析Lesson42 1.Perhaps it is the desire for solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures people down to the depths of the earth. 背诵句型 结构分析: it is the desir e ......or the chance ......that......运⽤了强调了句式，被强调的部分是句⼦的主语:it is the desire ......or the chance eg: It is the desir for knowledge that lures her into the book world. 是她对知识的渴求吸引她⾛进书的海洋。
新概念英语第三册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson42
新概念英语第三册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson42【课文】Cave exploration, or potholing, as it has come to be known, is a relatively new sport. Perhaps it is the desirefor solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures men down to the depths of the earth. It is impossible to give a satisfactory explanation for a pot-holer's motives. For him, caves have the same peculiar fascination which high mountains have for the climber. They arouse instincts which can only be dimly understood.Exploring really deep caves is not a task for the Sunday afternoon rambler. Such undertakings require the precise planning and foresight of military operations. It can take as long as eight days to rig up rope ladders and to establish supply bases before a descent can be made into a very deep cave. Precautions of this sort are necessary, for it is impossible to foretell the exact nature of the difficulties which will confront the potholer. The deepest known cave in the world is the Gouffre Berger near Grenoble. It extends to a depth of 3723 feet. This immense chasm has been formed by an underground stream which has tunnelled a course through a flaw in the rocks. The entrance to the cave is on a plateauin the Dauphine Alps. As it is only six feet across, it is barely noticeable. The cave might never have been discovered had not the entrance been spotted by the distinguished French potholer, Berger. Since its discovery, it has become a sort of potholers' Everest. Though a number of descents have been made, much of it still remains to be explored.A team of potholers recently went down the Gouffre Berger. After entering the narrow gap on the plateau, they climbed down the steep sides of the cave until they came to a narrow corridor. They had to edge their way along this, sometimes wading across shallow streams, or swimming across deep pools. Suddenly they came to a waterfall which dropped into an underground lake at the bottom of the cave. They plunged into the lake, and after loading their gear on an inflatable rubber dinghy, let the current carry them to the other side. To protect themselves from the icy water, theyhad to wear special rubber suits. At the far end of the lake, they came to huge piles of rubble which had been washed up by the water. In this part of the cave, they could hear an insistent booming sound which they found was caused by asmall water-spout shooting down into a pool from the roof of the cave. Squeezing through a cleft in the rocks, thepotholers arrived at an enormous cavern, the size of a huge concert hall. After switching on powerful arc lights, theysaw great stalagmites—some of them over forty feet high--rising up like tree-trunks to meet the stalactites suspended from the roof. Round about, piles of lime-stone glistened inall the colours of the rainbow. In the eerie silence of the cavern, the only sound that could be heard was made by water which dripped continuously from the high dome above them.【课文翻译】洞穴勘查——或洞穴勘探——是一项比较新的体育活动。
新概念英语第三册Lesson42重点句子及解析
新看法英语第三册Lesson42重点句子及分析【课文】Cave exploration, or potholing, as it has come to be known, is a relatively new sport. Perhaps it is the desirefor solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures men down to the depths of the earth. It isimpossible to give a satisfactory explanation for a pot-holer's motives. For him, caves have the same peculiar fascination which high mountains have for the climber. They arouse instincts which can only be dimly understood.Exploring really deep caves is not a task for theSunday afternoon rambler. Such undertakings require the precise planning and foresight of military operations. It cantake as long as eight days to rig up rope ladders and to establish supply bases before a descent can be made into avery deep cave. Precautions of this sort are necessary, for itis impossible to foretell the exact nature of the difficultieswhich will confront the potholer. The deepest known cave inthe world is the Gouffre Berger near Grenoble. It extends toa depth of 3723 feet. This immense chasm has been formed by an underground stream which has tunnelled a course througha flaw in the rocks. The entrance to the cave is on a plateauin the Dauphine Alps. As it is only six feet across, it isbarely noticeable. The cave might never have been discovered had not the entrance been spotted by the distinguished French potholer, Berger. Since its discovery, it has become a sortof potholers' Everest. Though a number of descents havebeen made, much of it still remains to be explored.A team of potholers recently went down the GouffreBerger. After entering the narrow gap on the plateau, theyclimbed down the steep sides of the cave until they came to a narrow corridor. They had to edge their way along this,sometimes wading across shallow streams, or swimmingacross deep pools. Suddenly they came to a waterfall which dropped into an underground lake at the bottom of the cave.They plunged into the lake, and after loading their gear on an inflatable rubber dinghy, let the current carry them to the other side. To protect themselves from the icy water, theyhad to wear special rubber suits. At the far end of the lake,they came to huge piles of rubble which had been washed up bythe water. In this part of the cave, they could hear aninsistent booming sound which they found was caused by asmall water-spout shooting down into a pool from the roof ofthe cave. Squeezing through a cleft in the rocks, thepotholers arrived at an enormous cavern, the size of a hugeconcert hall. After switching on powerful arc lights, theysaw great stalagmites —some of them over forty feet high--rising up like tree-trunks to meet the stalactites suspendedfrom the roof. Round about, piles of lime-stone glistened in allthe colours of the rainbow. In the eerie silence of the cavern,the only sound that could be heard was made by water which dripped continuously from the high dome above them.【课文翻译】洞窟勘查——或洞窟勘探——是一项比较新的体育活动。
新概念第三册Lesson 42讲义
Lesson 42 Modern cavemenNew words and expressionscaveman (远古)洞穴人pot-holing 洞穴探险，洞穴探险运动solitude 孤独，寂寞; loneliness, lonesomelure 引诱，诱惑; seduce, temptpot-holer 洞穴探险者ramble 漫步者，散步者undertaking 任务，工作; task, work, missionforesight 预见，深谋远虑foretell 预言; predict, forecastGrenoble 格里诺布尔chasm 断层，裂口，陷坑; gapflaw 小裂缝; fissuredistinguished 杰出的，著名的, famous, out-standingEverest 珠穆朗玛峰wade 涉水，趟水waterfall 瀑布gear 一套用具inflatable 可充气的rubble 碎石，瓦砾insistent 连续的，不断的boom 轰响waterspout 强大的水柱cleft 裂隙，开口cavern 大洞穴stalagmite 石笋stalactite 钟乳石limestone 石灰石glisten 闪烁; glow, shine, glittereerie 引起恐惧的，可怕的dome 穹窿，圆顶; vault, vt, 加穹顶于(tent)Text1. Cave exploration, or pot-holing, as it has come to be known, is a relatively new sport.as it has come to be known, 插入语，正如已逐渐为人所知的那样，2. Perhaps it is the desire for solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures people down to the depths of the earth.It is…that…强调句式。
新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson42
新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson42【课文】Cave exploration, or potholing, as it has come to be known, is a relatively new sport. Perhaps it is the desirefor solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures men down to the depths of the earth. It is impossible to give a satisfactory explanation for a pot-holer's motives. For him, caves have the same peculiar fascination which high mountains have for the climber. They arouse instincts which can only be dimly understood.Exploring really deep caves is not a task for the Sunday afternoon rambler. Such undertakings require the precise planning and foresight of military operations. It can take as long as eight days to rig up rope ladders and to establish supply bases before a descent can be made into a very deep cave. Precautions of this sort are necessary, for it is impossible to foretell the exact nature of the difficulties which will confront the potholer. The deepest known cave in the world is the Gouffre Berger near Grenoble. It extends to a depth of 3723 feet. This immense chasm has been formed by an underground stream which has tunnelled a course through a flaw in the rocks. The entrance to the cave is on a plateauin the Dauphine Alps. As it is only six feet across, it is barely noticeable. The cave might never have been discovered had not the entrance been spotted by the distinguished French potholer, Berger. Since its discovery, it has become a sort of potholers' Everest. Though a number of descents have been made, much of it still remains to be explored.A team of potholers recently went down the Gouffre Berger. After entering the narrow gap on the plateau, they climbed down the steep sides of the cave until they came to a narrow corridor. They had to edge their way along this, sometimes wading across shallow streams, or swimming across deep pools. Suddenly they came to a waterfall which dropped into an underground lake at the bottom of the cave. They plunged into the lake, and after loading their gear on an inflatable rubber dinghy, let the current carry them to the other side. To protect themselves from the icy water, theyhad to wear special rubber suits. At the far end of the lake, they came to huge piles of rubble which had been washed up by the water. In this part of the cave, they could hear an insistent booming sound which they found was caused by asmall water-spout shooting down into a pool from the roof of the cave. Squeezing through a cleft in the rocks, thepotholers arrived at an enormous cavern, the size of a huge concert hall. After switching on powerful arc lights, theysaw great stalagmites—some of them over forty feet high--rising up like tree-trunks to meet the stalactites suspended from the roof. Round about, piles of lime-stone glistened inall the colours of the rainbow. In the eerie silence of the cavern, the only sound that could be heard was made by water which dripped continuously from the high dome above them.【课文翻译】洞穴勘查——或洞穴勘探——是一项比较新的体育活动。
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L42 Modern cavemenNew words and expressionsolitude n.独处She longed for peace and solitude.他渴望安宁和独享清净。
sol-孤单sole adj 唯一的，仅有的solely adv进，只，单独地solitary adj独居的solo adj独唱的，独奏的soloist n独奏者，独唱者lure除了lure sb to do sth之外还有一常见结构lure sb 加介词短语He lures Tom into a lane and robs him.The kidnappers lure the child away from the parents作名词Few people can resist the lure of fame.很少人能够抵御出名的诱惑。
foretellvt.预言to tell of beforehand / predict :forecastBoomvt.,vi.隆隆响vi.迅速增长，趋于繁荣，景气n.隆隆响；繁荣，景气同义：thrive,flourish,prosper,develop,expand例句：Bussiness is booming. 生意日趋繁荣。
短语：baby boomText 重点as it has come to be known 正如已逐渐为人们所了解的那样从属连词引导方式状语从句，作插入语7. 巩固并挖深强调句一、基本结构剖析该句型的结构形式是：It + is/was + 被强调成分+ that/who + 该句的其余部分。
如果被强调的成分是人时，可以使用who来代替that,当然任何时候都可以用that来引导该句型的其余部分。
强调句是由没，普通陈述句转换而来的。
通过这种结构可以强调除谓语动词以外的大多数句子成分。
如：It was monitor that we elected Li Ping in our class. (强调宾语补足语)It was last night that the terrible traffic accident happened.(强调时间状语)It was very willingly that he agreed to help me with my poorEnglish. (强调方式状语)It was because she was ill that she was absent from the meeting.(强调原因状语)二、特殊句式的中的强调句1．在强调一般疑问句中的某一成分时，主句应用一般疑问句语序。
如：Was it last week that he returned the book to the library?2. 如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示“到底”、“究竟”等语气时，就用如下结构：“特殊疑问词+ is/was + it + that + 该句的其余部分”如：How is it that you usually go to work?What is it that the child wants to eat?When was it that you last saw him playing in the garden?Where was it that she lost her valuable watch?Why is it that you want to change your job?Who is it that will be in charge of your class?3．在表语或宾语中也可看到这类强调句，其语序是“…连接词+ it + is/was + that/who + 该句的其余部分”。
如：The problem is how many people it is that/who this hall can hold.We wonder which team it is that will win the game.4. 在强调“not…until”结构中由until所引导的短语（或从句）表示的时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It +is/was + not until…+that + 该句的其余部分”，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。
如：His father didn‟t come back from work until 12 o‟clock.It was not until 12 o‟clock last night that his father came home form work.三、误区点击1. 在强调句子的主语时，强调句的谓语动词要与被强调部分保持一致。
如：It is I who/that am speaking over the radio.It is Mike who/that is always telling lies.2. 当被强调部分是时间或地点状语时，连接词只能用that,而不能用when或where，一定要与定语从句区别开来。
如：It was this village where I was brought up. （定语从句）It was in this village that I was brought up. （强调句）。
分析：一遇到“It is/was…(时间或地点名词)…”结构时，首先要想到该句是否强调句。
由于强调句中的“It is/was…that…”只起强调作用，对原句的结构没有影响，故可把“It is/was…that…”去掉，并且把is/was与that之间的部分放到原句的相应位置，不添加或删去任何成分，看该句能否成立，如能成立，则为强调句；否则是定语从句。
在第一句中去掉It was和where，原句变为：I was brought up thisvillage。
由于this village这个名词短语不能充当地点状语，此句不能成立，故该句不是强调句。
在第二句中去掉It was和that后，原句变为：I was brought up in this village.此句成立，故该句是强调句。
同样的道理：It was the year when the school was built. （定语从句）It was in the year that the school was built. （强调句）Ma ke a descent into….复习41动词descendconfrontvt. 使面临，使面对The war confronted the country with hardships. 战争使这个国家面临苦难。
vt. 面对，面临The difficulties that confront us seem insuperable. 我们所面临的困难似乎是不可克服的。
[同]encountervt. 与…相对My house confronts his. 我家和他家对门。
edge 徐徐移动，斜着身子走He edged his way towards the front of the crowd.他侧着身子挤向人群前列。
She edged her chair closer to mine.她把椅子向我挪了一些。
The cave might never have been discovered had not the entrance been spotted... might have been构成虚拟语气had not the entrance为非真实条件状语，实为if the entrance had...如果无法读懂，将had not句提到开头，易于理解。
此结构一般略带责备，感慨。
注意比较本文几个水的动作waterfall dropwaterspout shootwater dripLesson 43 Fully InsuredNew words and expressionInsure v.投保insure oneself / sth (against sth)给---保险Luckily, he had insured himself against long-term illness.幸运的事，他为自己投保了长期病险。
My house is insured against fire.我的房子保了火险insurance insureran insurance company一家保险公司= an insurerinsure v. to make sure, certain (英式英语常用ensure)【同】ensure, assure, secureensure暗示一种事实上的保证；insure强调为确保某一结果而预先采取某一措施；assure指除去别人多疑虑及担忧；secure指确保不会发生意外或不幸。
annual adj一年一度的an annual meeting / report年会/年度报告What’s your annual salary?annually advThe meeting is held annually.biannual adj一年两次的anniversary n周年purchaseE.g. The slave purchased freedom with their blood.buyagreement for sale and ~ 买卖协议E.g.: They pay sales taxes when they make purchases.I was advised to purchase an economical car.生活中到处都有买卖的概念，英语中表示“购买”的动词很多：buy, purchase, 这两个动词均含“购买”之意。
buy:普通日常用词，既可指日常随意购物也可指大的购买。
purchase:正式用词，指大宗购货或购买重要东西。
无感情色彩，强调物品的购得。
Agony great pain 极度痛苦生理上和心理上都可以这是我们报纸上哪一栏：agony column . 可能登广告的人正在遭受某种痛苦，而这一拦也许能为他们减轻痛苦，排忧解难。
因此这是私人广告栏的一种幽默别称。
专门登载寻人，寻物或征婚等启示。
后来又产生了agony uncle,aunt. 指那些专门为读者提供意见，解答问题的人。
我们报纸上有时候的知心姐姐，阿润哥哥的，到了英文中就是这两个词组。
agonize vi (+ over)焦虑不已I spent days agonizing over whether to take the job or not.我用了好多天苦苦思考是否接受这个工作。