2014届广东省广州市高三毕业班综合测试(一)地理试题及答案
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试文科综合能力测试地理(广东卷带解析)
绝密★启用前2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试文科综合能力测试地理（广东卷带解析）试卷副标题考试范围：xxx ；考试时间：22分钟；命题人：xxx学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________注意事项．1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题）一、选择题（题型注释）1、近年来，我国南方沿海出现“填海造房风”，所建“海景房”将吸引居民居住在海岸线附近。
“海景房”面临的灾害风险最小的是 A ．台风引发风暴潮 B ．寒潮造成冰冻 C ．海岸受侵蚀后退D ．地表下沉塌陷2、沙漠中植被的出现可对沙丘产生一定的影响。
其主要作用机制是 A ．降低风速进而增加风沙流对地表的侵蚀 B ．增加风沙流中颗粒物的含量而减少堆积 C ．促进风沙流携沙能力的增强而增大侵蚀 D ．拦截风沙流中的悬浮颗粒物并形成沉降图2、图3分别为我国某地不同海拔、不同坡度的乡村聚落数量统计图。
读图并结合所学知识，完成4-5题。
A．在各海拔段中，海拔1250-1400m的区域聚落数量最少B．在各海拔段中，坡度﹤2°的区域聚落数量最多C．在各海拔段中，海拔1550-1700m的区域聚落数量最多D．在各海拔段中，坡度15-20°的区域聚落数量最少4、该地最有可能位于我国A．黄土高原B．三江平原C．塔里木盆地D．江南丘陵5、近年来，随着我国内地的企业不断增加，原在沿海工作的务工人员出现大量返乡就业的现象。
这种现象总体上不利于A．推进家乡城镇化进程B．促进家乡经济发展C．增加春运长途客运量D．促进区域文化交流6、随着我国南方地区部分江河水库主要功能的退化，大坝将被拆除。
当河流生态系统稳定之后，与拆坝前相比，将会出现的变化有A．坝址上游枯水期平均水位上升B．坝址上游汛期出现的季节提前C．坝址下游径流量年际变化减小D．坝址下游的汛期洪峰流量增大7、北半球春分日，当某地（30°N，120°E）刚进入白昼这一时刻，东半球（20°W向东至160°E）处于白昼的范围约占全球面积的A．1/2B．1/3 C．1/6 D．1/98、热红外遥感影像亮度可反映地物表面温度，地物的表面温度越高，在影像中就越亮。
2014地理选择题百题精练：专题07 城市(第01期)
（广东省2014汕头市普通高考第一次模拟考试）读某市1997—2010年城市化水平与城市用水量的变化图，回答6—7题。
6．由图可知A．该市供水总量呈上升趋势 B．生产用水量一直小于生活用水量C．城市用水量与城市化水平呈明显正相关 D．该市供水充足7．该市生产用水量不断降低，对此不合理的解释是A．严控新建耗水量大的企业 B．经济陷于衰退C．节水政策实施 D．企业配置水资源的循环利用系统考点：读图分析能力，城市化水平与供水量的关系，节水的措施。
(河北省衡水中学2014届高三二调考试)图为我国某城市的形态结构图，河流的阴影部分表示受潮汐影响显著的河段，据此回答10-11题。
10．以下叙述最正确的是：A．现在机场地址在远离城市的东部沿海，是为了便于海洋和航空的联合运输B．①、②、③、④四个码头中，可出入船舶吨位最大的是③号码头C．为了减少乘客进城的交通费用，火车站位置由老站迁往新站D．城市交通线路呈环形-放射状分布11．图示城市的功能结构和形态与实际情况相符的是：A．城市重心向东南方向移动，主要是受到地形的影响B．工业区临江分布，主要为了排污方便C．随着城市扩张，该区域水循环下渗环节增强D．城区中湖泊湿地的面积随城市范围的扩张而增加（福建省泉州市2014届高三1月单科质量检查）制造业空间集聚与扩散会影响城市土地利用的空间结构。
下图为2010年N市三类制造业企业数量空间分布对比曲线图，读图完成13～14题。
13．根据图中信息分析，N市三类制造业企业空间分布特点是( )A．资源密集型企业集聚程度高于技术密集型企业B．技术密集型企业多数分布于距市中心8—16km处C．资源密集型企业多数分布于距市中心40km以外的地区D．距市中心0一16千米范围内，技术密集型企业数量最多14．影响三类制造业企业空间分布的原因正确的是( )A．资源密集型企业受地价与环境影响大，距市中心较远B．技术密集型企业受交通因素影响显著，向市中心集中C．资本密集型企业不受距离市中心远近影响，分布均匀D．三类企业为利用市中心完善的基础设施，均向市中心集聚（湖南省长沙县实验中学2014届高三第一次模拟）“钟摆族”指工作在城里，生活在郊县或其他城市，两处奔波的职场人士，“潮汐车道”是指根据交通流量的变化，通过交通指示标识，对其行驶方向进行适时调整的车道．读下图，回答3～4题。
2014广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试一模和答案
【一模】2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试和答案第一节完形填空是（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）In America, if you are invited to a wedding, baby shower, bar mitzvah(成年礼) or other celebrations, you’re expected to bring a gift. Usually, it should be modest in 1.______, about$25.For a wedding, the bride will often have ―registered‖ a list of gifts at a local department store, indicating the items she 2. ______ . When you buy a registered item, tell the store that you‘re doing this , so the couple doesn‘t receive the 3.______gift twice. For a baby shower, bring a gift 4. ______for a newborn baby. For a bar mitzvah, bring a gift appropriate for a 13-year-old boy. Because they are such important occasions, gifts for bar mitzvahs tend to be more 5. ______ , for example, a gold-plated pen. 6. ______ the pen by carving the boy‘s full name will be appreciated.If you wish to give a gift to American friends, choose something that is 7.______to your country. It needn‘t be valuable or 8.______, just typical of your homeland.9.______ include a book about your country , an inexpensive souvenir , or something else that reflects your 10 . Yong children who like collecting will probably be very 11.______with a set of your country‘s coins or stamps. Items that are 12.______in your country but difficult to find abroad are also good.If staying with an American family, a good way of expressing your thanks is to take them to a form of 13, such as a basketball game or a concert.When giving gifts to a business acquaintance, don‘t give anything too persona l,14.______to a woman. A scarf or a hat is ok, but other types of 15.______ are not. Something appropriate for the office is best.1.A.size B. value C. weight D. appearance2.A. prefers B. owns C. uses D. imagines3.A.first B. best C. same D. similar4.A.general B. suitable C. demanding D. expensive5.A.modest B. cheerful C. normal D. formal6.A.Personalizing B. Replacing C. Designing D. Changing7.A.convenient B. appropriate C. unique D. beneficial8.A.colourful B. rare C. heavy D. nice9.A.Opportunities B. Expectations C. Inventions D. Possibilities10.A.character B. interest C. culture D. progress11.A.annoyed B. impressed C. amused D. puzzled12.A.limited B. banned C. common D. pricelesscation B. discussion C. exercise D. entertainment14.A.directly B. especially C. merely D. deliberately15.A. clothing. B. perfume C. jewelry D.equipment第二节语法填空While thousands of college students headed for warm climates to enjoy sun and fun during their week off from classes, seven local students had other plans.The Northern Essex Community College (NECC) students and one of their teachers spent part of their spring break in New York City, helping repair an area___16___(destroy) by the hurricane.―I want to see for myself what happened,‖ said Terry. ―I couldn‘t imagine ___17__ it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the __18___ (power) effect the hurricane had on those people, I wanted to do something, to understand their feeling of helplessness.‖The group headed into Brooklyn‘s Red Hook district, which was hit hard by the hurricane. There they met people from other parts of the country, ___19___ had also volunteered to help. Together, those volunteers and the NECC students __20___ (work) to clear rubbish out of a story building. They put on protective suits and gloves __21__ they entered the building.Inside the building, the students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building ___22___ (lie) all over the place.The students returned to school with _23___ sense of achievement, a feeling that __24___ helped people in need. It was remarkable how a community lost so much and was still able to recover, and this left the deepest impression __25___ the students.II阅读（共两节，满分50分）I once met a well-known botanist at a dinner party. I had never talked with a botanist before, and I found him very interesting. I sat there absorbed and listened while he spoke of unusual plants and his experiments (he even told me astonishing facts about the simple potato), I had a small indoor garden of my own – and he was good enough to tell me how to solve some of my problems.As I said, we were at a dinner party. There must have been a dozen other guests, but I broke an important rule of politeness. I ignored everyone else and talked for hours to the botanist.Midnight came. I said good night to everyone and departed. The botanist then turned to our host and said many nice things about ne , Including that I was a ―most interesting conversationalist:.An interesting conversationalist?I had said hardly anything at all. I couldn‘t have said anything if I had wanted to without changing the subject, for I didn‘t know any more about plants than I knew about sharks. But I had done this one thing; I had listened carefully. I listened because I was really interested. And he felt it. Naturally that pleased him. That kind of listening is one of the best ways to show respect to others, and it makes them feel great too. ―Few human beings.‖ Wrote Jack Woodford in Strangers in Love, ―can resist the sweet effect of rapt attention.‖ I went even further that that .I was ―sincere in my admiration and generous in my praise‖. I told him that I had been hugely entertained and instructed. I told him I wished I had his knowledge. I told him that I should love to wander the fields with him. What‘s more, it was all true.And so I had him thinking of me as a good conversationalist when , in reality, I had only been a good listener and had encouraged him to talk.26.From Paragraph 1, we can learn that the writer ______.A. was deeply moved by the botanist‘s talkB. was amazed by what he was hearingC. was not in a comfortable situationD. behaved politely and properly27. Which of the following does the writer describe as a rule of politeness at dinner parties?A. Avoiding discussions about politics and religion.B. Listening carefully to what another guest says.C. Arriving and leaving at the appropriate time.D. Giving attention to all those in attendance.28. The underlined expression ‗rapt attention‖ in Paragraph 4‖ is closet in meaning to ______.A. full understandingB. strong interestC. great uncertaintyD. little curiosity29.According to the writer, which of the following is an important characteristic of a goodconversationalist?A. Listening attentively and encouraging the other side to continue.B. Encouraging the other side by sharing his /her own opinions.C. Promising a future meeting for more communication.D. Expressing respect by nodding his/her head.30.What is the purpose of the passage?A. To prove the writer is an interesting conversationalist.B. To share an interesting experience at a dinner party.C. To explain what makes a good conversationalist.D. To show that botanists can be really talkative.BA British dog-lover has invented a high-tech way of feeding his pet by Twitter( 推特，流行社交网络). Computer expert Nat Morris ,30, has designed a system to give his pet a “tweet treat”by sending him a Twitter message.His dog Toby gets some delicious dog biscuits from a computer-controlled food machine whenever Nat sends a message to ―@ feedtoby‖.Nat often works away from home and isn‘t always able to feed Toby by hand. But his new invention allows Nat to feed his dog from anywhere in the world.Nat said .,‖ Toby absolutely loves it. At first he didn‘t know what was going on. Now he sits underneath the machine, wagging his tail and waiting for the food to drop.‖Nat fills the food machine with small pieces of dog biscuits, but not too many in case four-year- old Toby gets too many messages. And Nat has even equipped his house with an onlinecamera so he can see Toby enjoying he food at his home.But one problem is that friends and family have been so amazed with the ―tweet treat ― machine that they have started sending tweets to Toby too. So Nat ha s had to restrict feeding time to make sure Toby doesn‘t turn into Tubby.“People have been sending him tweets at all hours of the day, so I had to limit it to between 9a.m. and 9 p.m. . I‘m thinking of doing an updated one which can measure his weight be fore he is fed ,just to make sure he‘s not putting on too much puppy fat,‖ explained Nat.How Nat‘s Twitter Feeder works:When a message is sent to @ feedtoby, it is received by a mini –computer that is linked to the feed machine.When the mini-computer receives the message, a bell rings and Toby comes running over and sits in front of the feeding machine. Next , the machine‘s motor pulls open a trap door whi ch releases a serving of food.The doggy biscuits then drop into Toby‘s food bowl. Finally a di gital camera takes a photo of him and sends it back to Nat on Twitter －so he knows Toby has been fed.31.Nat has invented a high-tech way to feed his dog because he ______.A. wants his friends to feed TobyB. has very strong computing skillsC. is often too busy to feed his dogD. doesn‘t like to feed Toby by hand.32.Why has Nat decided to limit the feeding machine‘s operating time?A. He doesn‘t want Toby to get too fat.B. He fears the machine will run out of food.C. He wants his friends to stop feeding Toby.D. He doesn‘t want Toby to be woken up at night .33. It can be learned from the passage that Toby _______.A. sits beneath his feeder all day long.B. is now used to being fed by machineC. doesn‘t know what happens to the feederD. no longer receives tweets from Nat‘s friends34.Which of the following shows the correct order of how the Twitter Feeder works?a. The bell goes off.b. is now used to being fed by machinec. doesn‘t know what happens to the feederd. no longer rece ives tweets from Nat‘s friends.e. The motor starts to work and opens the door to release dog food.A.a,b,v,e, dB.b,c,e,a,dC.b,c,a,e,dD.c,b,a,d,e,35. In which section of the newspaper would you most probably find this passage?A. TechnologyB. Health .C. EnvironmentD. StyleCNo one knows why we dream, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between dreams and better memory in people learning a new skill.So perhaps one way to learn something new is to practice , practice , practice _ and then sleep on it.―I was very surprised by this finding ,‖ said Robert Stickgold , a Harvard University scientist who led the study.In the study ,100 college students each spent an hour on a computer , trying to get through a maze(迷宫). The maze was difficult, and the study participants had to start from a different place each time they tried- making it even more difficult.Then, for the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants were required to stay awake while half were asked to sleep. Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who slept were asked to describe any dream they had.Stickgold and his colleagues wanted to know about NREM, or non-REM sleep. REM stands for ―rapid eye movement.‖ Which is what happens during REM sleep. This period of sleep often brings strange dreams to a sleeper, although dreams can happen in both kinds of sleep. Stickgold wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren‘t moving, during NREM wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren‘t moving, during NREM sleep. Other studies have found connection between NREM brain activity and learning ability.Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were about the maze. Later, when these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to complete it faster.Stickgold believes the dream itself d oesn‘t help a person learn-it‘s the other way around. He suspects that such dreams are caused by the brain processes associated with learning All the maze-dreamers had done the task poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the NREM dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult . People who had other dreams ,or people who didn‘t show the same improvement.36. In the first stage of the study, the participants were asked to ____.A. design a maze on computerB. find their way out of a maze.C. decide where to begin a mazeD. remember a location in a maze37. What happened to the participants during the break?A. Half of them were woken up when they started to dream.B. Half of them were asked to dream about the maze.C. All of them were asked to describe their thoughts.D. Half of them were asked to sleep for 90 minutes.38. What can we learn from the passage?A. Everyone will dream about a new skill after learning it.B. Stickgold was the first to study dreams and learning.C. During NREM sleep, people usually don‘t dream.D. Unusual dreams often occur during REM sleep.39.According to the last paragraph , before sleeping the maze –dreamers ___.A. found it difficult to do the maze .B. were greatly interested in the mazeC. were mostly slow and poor thinkersD. completed the maze faster than others40. Which of the following statements best summarizes the study‘s conclusion?A. Dreams have a role in learning.B. Dreams have no basis in reality.C. Dreams are important for health.D. Dreams are the best way to study.D.The recent publication of autobiographies by two of Britain‘s greatest scientists, biologist Richard Dawkins and physicist Stephen Hawking, is a wonderful opportunity to compare and contrast these two remarkable men. Surprisingly, they have rather more in common than we think.Most striking is the similarity in their backgrounds. They were born in the early 1940s to middle class families _ not wealthy but comfortably off , with a strong commitment to academic excellence and public service . Both families were keen to send their boys to Oxford University—and both succeeded, Dawkins studying zoology and Hawking physics.Neither man has a very positive view of his early university life. Hawing describes the attitude at Oxford in the 1950s and 1960s as very anti-work, ―You were supposed to either be brilliant without effort or fail. Hard work was looked down upon by students and we all pretended that nothing was worth making an effort for.”He estimates that he studied for no more than an hour a day as an undergraduate student (本科生)。
2014年广东高考地理试卷及答案
2014年广东高考地理试题一、选择题：本大题共35小题，每小题4分，满分140分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．图1为某年许昌与周边部分城市的高速公路日均流量图，根据流量大小分为五个等级。
下列城市与许昌之间的高速公路日均流量处于同一等级的是A．平顶山鹤新乡B．焦作鹤漯河C．济源鹤开封D．郑州和洛阳2．近年来，我国南方沿海出现“填海造房风”，所建“海景房”将吸引居民居住在海岸线附近。
“海景房”面临的灾害风险最小．．的是A．台风引发风暴潮B．寒潮造成冰冻C．海岸受侵蚀后退D．地表下沉塌陷3．沙漠中植被的出现可对沙丘产生一定的影响。
其主要作用机制是A．降低风速进而增加风沙流对地表的侵蚀B．增加风沙流中颗粒物的含量二减少堆积C．促进风沙流携沙能力的增强二增大侵蚀D．拦截风沙流中的悬浮颗粒物并形成沉降图2、图3分别为我国某地不同海拔、不同坡度的乡村聚落数量统计图。
读图并结合所学知识，完成4-5题。
4．由图可知，下列描述符合该地乡村聚落数量空间分布特点的是A．在各海拔段中，海拔1250~1400m的区域聚落数量最少B．在各坡度段中，坡度<2°的区域聚落数量最多C．在各海拔段中，海拔1550~1700m的区域聚落数量最多D．在各坡度段中，坡度15°~20°的区域聚落数量最少5．该地区最有可能位于我国A．黄土高原B．三江平原C．塔里木盆地D．江南丘陵6．近年来，随着我国内地的企业不断增加，原在沿海工作的务工人员出现大量返乡就业的现象。
这种想象总体上不利于．．．A．推进家乡城镇化进程B．促进家乡经济发展C．增加春运长途客运量D．促进区域文化交流7．随着我国南方地区部分江河水库主要功能的退化，大坝将被拆除。
当河流生态系统稳定之后，与拆坝前相比，将会出现的变化有A．坝址上游枯水期平均水位上升B．坝址上游汛期出现的季节提前C．坝址下游径流量年际变化减少D．坝址下游汛期洪峰流量增大8．北半球春分日，当某地（30°N，120°E）刚进入白昼这一时刻，东半球（20°W向东至160°E）处于白昼的范围约占全球面积的A．1/2 B．1/3C．1/6 D．1/99．图4为根据统计资料计算得出的我国1980-2010年水稻产量重心移动方向图。
2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)地理
2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）文科综合地理试题2014．3本试卷共11页，41小题，满分300分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡和答卷密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答卷纸上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整,切勿对折。
一、选择题：本题包括35小题，每小题4分，共140分。
每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1．以下是2014年某时段穗、港、澳三地的天气状况，影响三地气温日较差差异的最主要因素是A．纬度 B．地形 C．城市规模 D．海陆位置1、D 【本题解释】：本题主要考查气候的影响因素的基本考点。
影响“气温日较差”的因素有纬度（相同天气状况下，纬度越高气温日较差越小）、地形与天气状况等，从数据表中得出广州的气温日较差比香港、澳门要大，则说明香港澳门的云量或大气中的水汽较广州要多，是因为香港澳门受到海洋的影响较大，水汽较多，故选择海陆位置。
2013年12月初，“嫦娥三号”卫星从西昌卫星发射中心发射，首次获得月球降落区和巡视区的地形、地貌、地质构造等地理环境信息。
完成2～3题。
2．影响月球表面环境最主要的外力作用是A．风化作用 B．侵蚀作用 C．搬运作用 D．沉积作用3．由于月球的黄赤交角只有1°32′，远小于地球的23°26′，所以月球表面环境A．昼夜温差小 B．不会产生极昼、极夜现象C．季节变化小 D．没有太阳直射现象2、A3、C 【本题解释】：主要考查营造地表形态力量中的外力作用以及地球运动的地理意义。
2014届高三广州一模地理学科试卷分析
地理学科2014届高三“一模”质量分析报告第一部分：试题评价这次广州“一模”地理试卷全市平均分为56.31分，其中A类学校平均分，B类学校平均分, C类学校平均分。
本套试题突出考查地理能力及地理知识的应用；试题命题既充分体现了继承往年广州“一模“的经典，又不失创新。
具体概括有以下几个特点：1.题型、结构、题量和近几年高考试题保持一致。
全卷地理部分满分100分，第一部分为单项选择题，共11题，满分44分；第二部分非选择题，共2题，满分56分。
2.选择题选项设置没有出现知识的交叉现象，考查主干知识，总体上知识点分布较均衡。
参照近几年广东高考题的分值分布和命题特点，区域地理是作为考察的载体出现，自然地理作为直接考查或者是入题的素材，人文地理则突出前沿位置的身份特色，注重应用维度的体现。
本套试题的选择题考查的知识点较单一，没有出现一道题几个知识点交叉的现象，而分析题部分，与往年的广州一模相似，以区域地理为载体，考查学生的获取和解读地理信息的能力、描述和阐释地理事物的能力等。
本套题知识点分布及分值大致如下表所示（必修二与必修三、区域地理及选修部分有交叉）：3.注重考察学生分析图表数据资料的能力，注重热点的引入。
图表考查是地理考试的重心，本套试题共13幅图（包含统计图）和1张表格。
选择题中有8道题要从相应的图中获取信息，非选择题试题都以图表资源为命题素材。
如：选择题2、3、4、6等题，都以近期的热点（嫦娥三号登月、春运、贵安新区）入手，充分考查学生能否通过运用所学地理知识，通过比较判断、分析，对试题进行作答的能力。
4．不回避常考考点，侧重主干知识的考查给类型的判断（冰雪融水补给的判断），黄土高原地区的可持续发展问题等，同时侧重对以下主干知识的考查：地球运动、外力作用、自然带、人口问题、产业转移、气候差异、河流、城市、农业区位、工业区位等等。
5.试题难度偏难，有些题不知如何下手。
纵观整份试卷，整体难度偏难。
选择题相对较易，其中难度低于0.5的只有第2、5两题；分析题中难度高于0.5的小问有40题的第2—4小问，41题的第4小问，其余的得分率均很低，特别是41题的第1小问，难度只有0.09。
2014年广东高考地理试卷及答案和解析
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）文科综合一、选择题：本大题共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。
1．图1为某年许昌与周边部分城市的高速公路日均流量图，根据流量大小分为五个等级。
下列城市与许昌之间的高速公路日均流量处于同一等级的是图1A．平顶山和新乡B．济源和开封C．焦作和漯河D．郑州和洛阳2．近年来，我国南方沿海出现“填海造房风”，所建“海景房”将吸引居民居住在海岸线附近。
“海景房”面临的灾害风险最小．．的是A．台风引发风暴潮B．地表下沉塌陷C．海岸受侵蚀后退D．寒潮造成冰冻3．沙漠中植被的出现可对沙丘产生一定的影响。
其主要作用机制是A．降低风速进而增加风沙流对地表的侵蚀B．拦截风沙流中的悬浮颗粒物并形成沉降C．促进风沙流携沙能力的增强而增大侵蚀D．增加风沙流中颗粒物的含量而减少堆积图2、图3分别为我国某地不同海拔、不同坡度的乡村聚落数量统计图。
读图并结合所学知识，完成4-5题。
4．由图2可知，下列描述符合该地乡村聚落数量空间分布特点的是图2 图3A．在各海拔段中，海拔1250-1400m的区域聚落数量最少B．在各坡度段中，坡度＜2°的区域聚落数量最多C．在各海拔段中，海拔1550-1700m的区域聚落数量最多D．在各坡度段中，坡度15-20°的区域聚落数量最少5．该地最有可能位于我国A．三江平原B．黄土高原C．江南丘陵D．塔里木盆地6．近年来，随着我国内地的企业不断增加，原在沿海工作的务工人员出现大量返乡就业的现象。
这种现象总体上不利于．．．A．推进家乡城镇化进程B．促进家乡经济发展C．增加春运长途客运量D．促进区域文化交流7．随着我国南方地区部分江河水库主要功能的退化，大坝将被拆除。
当河流生态系统稳定之后，与拆坝前相比，将会出现的变化有A．坝址上游枯水期平均水位上升B．坝址上游汛期出现的季节提前C．坝址下游径流量年际变化减小D．坝址下游汛期洪峰流量增大8．北半球春分日，当某地（30°N,120°E）刚进入白昼这一时刻，东半球（20°W向东至160°E）处于白昼的范围约占全球面积的A．1/2 B．1/3 C．1/6 D．1/99．图4为根据统计资料计算得出的我国1980-2010年水稻产量重心移动方向图。
广东省广州市2014届普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)文综试题
绝密★启用前试卷类型：A2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试〔一〕文科综合2014．3 本试卷共11页，41小题，总分值300分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号，用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的市、县／区、学校，以及自己的和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题忙上。
用2B 铅笔将试卷类型〔A〕填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
2．选择题每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、选择题：此题共35小题，每题4分，共140分。
每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1．以下是2014年某时段穗、港、澳三地的天气状况，影响三地气温日较差差异的最主要因素是A．纬度B．地形C．城市规模D．海陆位置2013年12月初，“嫦娥三号”卫星从西昌卫星发射中心发射，首次获得月球降落区和巡视区的地形、地貌、地质构造等地理环境信息。
完成2～3题。
2．影响月球外表环境最主要的外力作用是A．风化作用B．侵蚀作用C．搬运作用D．沉积作用3．由于月球的黄赤交角只有1°32′，远小于地球的23°26′，所以月球外表环境A．昼夜温差小B．不会产生极昼、极夜现象C．季节变化小D．没有太阳直射现象4．影响图示人口流动的最主要因素是2014年2月11日广东流入人口示意图A．探亲B．旅游C．打工D．物流5．该河流最主要的补给类型是A．雨水B．冰川融水C．湖泊水D．季节性积雪融水6．2012年国务院批准在贵阳和安顺两城市之间成立贵安新区，这是城市化发展中的A．城市一体化B．再城市化C．逆城市化D．中心城市化贵安新区区位示意图读“2005～2009年间制造业份额变化图”，完成7～8题。
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2014届广东省广州市高三毕业班综合测试（一）地理试题及答案
40．（30分）
（1）东乳畜业（每空2分，共4分）
（2）西部沿海对外依赖严重（知识型产业）
（每空2分，共4分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）；
（3）①岛国（四面环海，受海洋影响大）；
②地处西风带；
③（北大西洋）暖流影响
（每点2分，共6分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）
（4）①爱尔兰：知识密集型产业，主要区位因素是人才（环境）；
②中国：劳动密集型产业，主要区位因素是丰富廉价的劳力和市场（中国和爱尔兰类型各2分，共4分；中国和爱尔兰区位因素每点2分，共4分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）（5）①全球金融危机和国际市场变化（2分）；
②开发国内市场，拉动内需；
③拓展新兴市场，增加出口（除欧盟外市场）；
④发展多元化产业（如旅游、外向型教育产业等等）
（每点2分，共6分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）
41．（26分）
（1）①黄土高原水土流失，形成千沟万壑、崎岖不平的丘陵
②只流沙，不流水的含沙量大的黄河支流（2分）
（2）森林带草原带（每空2分，不分顺序）
（3）转型时期：2002~2006年（2分）；
原因：
①石油资源的开采以及相关产业的发展；
②农产品加工产业的兴起和发展（4分）（若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）
（4）发展趋势：总体波动、良性协调发展（每点2分，共4分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）
措施和方法：
①退耕还林、还草；
②积极建设三北防护林、水土保持林、风沙林；
③改变工业过于单一的局面，延长石油产业链，大力发展农产品加工工业和其他产业；
④减少石油开采和加工对植被的破坏，加强治理三废，减少环境污染；
开展河流治沙、治水工程。
（每点2分，共6分，若答案合理，可酌情给分，但不能超过本小题总分）。