3-hapter_3_Promisory_note_and_cheque[1]
Chapter thirty.兄弟
Chapter thirty.兄弟惩罚神殿。
任何人，只要犯下了违反天神之命的深重罪行，就会在这个神圣的殿堂内请三位被神赋予判断是非能力的长老进行审判、裁决。
有罪之人，将会受到相应的惩罚，向神赎罪。
雪玉萧深知，自己的父亲牟取风雪神殿殿主之位的行为，甚至是想要杀害唐晓翼的行为，早已违背了天神。
雪家将会因此而没落，并且还背负着千古骂名！雪玉萧好看的青蓝色眼眸此刻却被层层愤恨覆盖得彻底，本如冰山寒雪般清冷的人，此刻却像是一只被咬伤的野兽，呲着牙，喉咙中发出令人颤栗的低吼。
这一切一切的罪魁祸首……目光扫过，最后十分准确地落在了莫枫身上。
莫枫好似知道雪玉萧会这样，面色平静，毫不畏惧地直视着雪玉萧，目光没有丝毫偏移。
两个人就这么对视着，就像处在一个只有他们两个人的空间。
少易恒正打算把昏迷的雪逸琛和安德鲁带回惩罚神殿了，抬眼，雪玉萧覆满怒气的眼撞入眼帘，于是皱眉，顺着雪玉萧的眼神看向莫枫，心中便知了个大概。
“虽然立场不同，但十几年的兄弟情还是在这里的。
现在这种情况可麻烦了哟这两个人。
”莫玄望了望两个人，并不掩饰地道。
凉沫悠不以为然，挑眉，褐红色的眸子瑰丽得摄人心魂。
长鞭拔一出，少女的声音像是在促使着什么：“有什么麻烦，自己解决不就好了。
”本就绑得不紧的绳子眨眼间断成几截，散落在雪玉萧脚下。
如同他和莫枫之间的情谊，断得如此彻底。
云临淅见此，唇角勾起淡淡的一个弧度，微不可查。
唐晓翼正欲开口，便瞧见凉沫悠朝他抬起食指，压在微微弯起的嘴唇上，示意他不要出声。
唐晓翼明白了，这是他们两个人之间的心结，若是不由他们自己解一开，或许这结一辈子都会死死地打在那。
“玉萧。
”莫枫沉默许久，终于尝试着喊了出来。
“怎么，欺骗我，把我的家族弄得破碎之后觉得愧疚了吗？”雪玉萧开口便一点不让步，脸上的笑容尽是嘲讽，“原来患难见真情，也能够见真人。
”“你是雪家的人，你背负着雪家的未来。
可我是莫家的人，我也背负着莫家的未来和风雪神殿的未来。
我们两个本就站在不同的立场。
经典名著英语美文阅读-茶花女：Chapter 3
经典名著英语美文阅读-茶花女：Chapter 3Chapter 3第三章All the famous names from the world of fashionable vice were there. They were being slyly observed by a number of society ladies who had again used the sale as a pretext for claiming the right to see, at close quarters, women in whose company they would not otherwise have had occasion to find themselves, and whose easy pleasures they perhaps secretly envied.十六日下午一点钟，我到昂坦街去了。
在大门口就能听到拍卖估价人的喊叫声。
房间里挤满了好奇的人。
所有花街柳巷的名媛都到场了，有几个贵妇人在偷偷打量她们。
这个次她们又能够借着参加拍卖的名义，仔细瞧瞧那些她们从来没有机会与之共同相处的女人，也许她们私下还在暗暗羡慕这些女人自由放荡的享乐生活呢。
The Duchesse de F rubbed shoulders with Mademoiselle A, one of sorriest specimens of our modern courtesans; the Marquise de T shrank from buying an item of furniture for which the bidding was led by Madame D, the most elegant and most celebrated adulteress of our age; the Duc d'Y, who is believed in Madrid to be ruining himself in Paris, and in Paris to be ruining himself in Madrid, and who, when all is said and done, cannot even spend all his income, while continuing to chat with Madame M, one of our wittiest tale-tellers, who occasionally agrees to write down what she says and to sign what she writes, was exchanging confidential glances with Madame de N, the beauty who may be regularly seen driving on the Champs-Elysees, dressed almost invariablyin pink or blue, in a carriage drawn by two large blackhorses sold to her by Tony for ten thousand francs...and paid for in full; lastly, Mademoiselle R, who by sheer talent makes twice what ladies of fashion make with their dowries, and three times as much as what the rest make out of theirlove affairs, had come in spite of the cold to make a few purchases, and it was not she who attracted the fewest eyes.F公爵夫人的胳膊撞上了A小姐；A小姐是当今妓女圈子里一位典型的薄命红颜；T侯爵夫人正在犹豫要不要把D夫人一个劲儿在抬价的那件家具买下来；D夫人是当代最风流最有名的荡妇。
英语介绍电影的作文
When introducing a movie in an essay,its important to provide a comprehensive overview that includes the films title,genre,director,main actors,plot summary,and your personal thoughts or critique.Heres a structured approach to writing an essay abouta movie:1.Introduction:Begin with a hook to capture the readers interest.This could be a quote from the movie, a brief mention of its critical acclaim,or a personal anecdote related to the film.Example:The haunting melodies of Ennio Morricones score set the stage for what would become a cinematic masterpiece.The Good,the Bad and the Ugly directed by Sergio Leone,is not just a film but an experience that transcends the boundaries of the Western genre.2.Background Information:Provide some context about the movie,such as its release year,box office performance, and any notable awards or nominations.Example:Released in1966,The Good,the Bad and the Ugly starred Clint Eastwood, Lee Van Cleef,and Eli Wallach.The film was a commercial success and received critical acclaim for its innovative storytelling and cinematography.3.Plot Summary:Give a brief summary of the plot without revealing any major spoilers.Focus on the main storyline and introduce the key characters.Example:The story revolves around three gunslingersBlondie Eastwood,Tuco Wallach,and Angel Eyes Van Cleefwho are in a relentless pursuit of a hidden fortune during the American Civil War.Their journey is filled with betrayal,camaraderie,and a race against time.4.Analysis:Discuss the films themes,motifs,and any symbolic elements.Analyze the characters, their development,and the relationships between them.Example:The film explores themes of greed,loyalty,and the blurred lines between good and evil.Each character is complex,with their own moral compass that shifts throughout the narrative,challenging the viewers perception of right and wrong.5.Technical Aspects:Talk about the films cinematography,editing,sound design,and other technical elements that contribute to the movies overall impact.Example:The cinematography by Tonino Delli Colli is breathtaking,with sweeping landscapes that add to the epic scale of the story.Morricones score is as much a character in the film as the actors,with its memorable tunes that evoke a sense of adventure and tension.6.Directors Style:Discuss the directors unique style and how it is reflected in the movie.Example:Leones signature style is evident in the films long,lingering shots and extreme closeups,which create an atmosphere of suspense and intimacy with the characters.7.Acting Performances:Evaluate the performances of the main actors and how they contributed to the films success.Example:Clint Eastwoods portrayal of Blondie is iconic,capturing the essence of a man torn between his own survival and a sense of justice.Wallach and Van Cleef deliver equally compelling performances,making their characters as memorable as Eastwoods.8.Personal Reflection:Share your personal thoughts on the film,including what resonated with you and why.Example:For me,The Good,the Bad and the Ugly is a timeless classic that offers more than just entertainment.Its a reflection on human nature and the choices we make in the face of adversity.9.Conclusion:Conclude your essay by summarizing the main points and stating your overall impression of the film.Example:In conclusion,The Good,the Bad and the Ugly stands as a testament to the power of cinema to tell complex stories with unforgettable characters.It is a film that continues to captivate audiences with its masterful storytelling and visual splendor.Remember to maintain a formal tone throughout your essay and provide specificexamples to support your analysis.Additionally,avoid using firstperson pronouns like I or we unless you are discussing your personal reflections.。
Unit4ExploringLiteratureIntegratedskills课件高一英语牛津译林
ENGLISH
Unit 4
Period 3 Integrated skills
新
课 ➢ Do you like reading?
导 入
➢ What major genres of literature have we mentioned before?
drama, poetry, fiction, non-fiction ...
Pre-viewing
课 堂 学
A
The president of the school Book Club, Gary, is introducing some popular types of literature. Read the PPT slides below
习
and try to understand the features of each type.
Type
Poetry
feature(s)
➢ Using beautiful, artistic language to express feelings or describe situations
➢ Often written in separate lines
Type
Play
feature(s)
Checking your writing
Remember to check your writing after you finish and exchange drafts between you and your partner. Pay attention to the following aspects:
□ Punctuation
□ Spelling
小王子每章50字作文英语
小王子每章50字作文英语The Little Prince is a famous novel written by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. It tells the story of a young prince who travels to different planets and learns important life lessons along the way. Each chapter of the book is filled with wisdom and insight that can be applied to our own lives. In this essay, I will explore some of the key themes and messages of The Little Prince.Chapter 1: The narrator introduces himself as a pilot who has crashed in the Sahara desert. He meets the little prince, who asks him to draw a sheep. The narrator struggles to draw a sheep that satisfies the prince, until he finally draws a box and tells the prince that the sheep is inside. This chapter teaches us about the importance of imagination and creativity.Chapter 2: The little prince tells the narrator about his home planet, which is very small and has three volcanoes and a rose. He explains that he left his planetbecause he was tired of his rose's vanity and wanted to explore the universe. This chapter teaches us about the dangers of getting too attached to material possessions and the importance of seeking new experiences.Chapter 3: The little prince visits a planet inhabited by a king who claims to rule over everything. The king is lonely and commands the little prince to stay and be his subject. This chapter teaches us about the dangers of power and the importance of humility.Chapter 4: The little prince visits a planet inhabited by a conceited man who loves to be admired. The man is disappointed when the little prince does not praise him, and the prince realizes that the man is very lonely. This chapter teaches us about the importance of empathy and the dangers of vanity.Chapter 5: The little prince visits a planet inhabited by a businessman who counts the stars and claims to own them all. The businessman is too busy to enjoy the beauty of the stars, and the little prince realizes that he iswasting his time. This chapter teaches us about the importance of simplicity and the dangers of greed.Chapter 6: The little prince visits a planet inhabited by a lamplighter who must constantly light and extinguish a lamp. The lamplighter is very dedicated to his work, andthe little prince realizes that he is the only person onthe planet who is truly useful. This chapter teaches us about the importance of purpose and the dangers of idleness.Chapter 7: The little prince visits a planet inhabited by a geographer who has never left his desk. The geographer is very knowledgeable, but he cannot tell the little prince where to find happiness. This chapter teaches us about the limitations of knowledge and the importance of experience.Chapter 8: The little prince visits Earth and meets afox who teaches him about the importance of relationships and the meaning of friendship. The fox tells the little prince that he must tame him in order to establish a bond, and that he will be unique to the little prince because he has tamed him. This chapter teaches us about the importanceof connection and the dangers of loneliness.Chapter 9: The little prince meets a snake who tells him that he can help him return to his planet. The snake warns the little prince that he will have to sacrifice himself in order to return home. This chapter teaches us about the importance of sacrifice and the dangers of taking shortcuts.Chapter 10: The little prince returns to his planet and realizes that he loves his rose more than anything else. He learns that true love requires effort and dedication, and that it is worth the sacrifice. This chapter teaches us about the importance of love and the dangers of neglecting our relationships.In conclusion, The Little Prince is a beautiful and insightful book that teaches us about the importance of imagination, creativity, empathy, humility, simplicity, purpose, experience, connection, sacrifice, and love. Each chapter is filled with wisdom and meaning that can help us navigate the challenges of life and become better people. Ihighly recommend this book to anyone who is looking for inspiration and guidance.。
爱丽丝漫游仙境英文原著第九篇的读书笔记
爱丽丝漫游仙境英文原著第九篇的读书笔记英语作文1I recently read the ninth chapter of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" and it was truly an enchanting experience. In this chapter, Alice encountered a series of extraordinary events and characters that left a deep impression on me.One of the most memorable moments was when Alice came across a talking caterpillar. The caterpillar was sitting on a mushroom, smoking a hookah, and asking Alice peculiar questions that made her think hard. The interaction between them was both funny and mysterious, as the caterpillar seemed to hold the key to some hidden secrets in Wonderland.Another exciting part was when Alice found herself in a strange garden filled with beautiful but somewhat unpredictable flowers. These flowers could talk and had their own personalities. Some were friendly and chatty, while others were rather snooty and dismissive. It was like stepping into a world where everything had a life and a story of its own.The adventure that Alice embarked on in this chapter was full of surprises and challenges. She had to use her wit and courage to navigate through the strange and sometimes confusing situations. It made me realize that in life, we often face unexpected circumstances, but with determination and a positive attitude, we can find our way forward.Overall, the ninth chapter of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" was a wonderful journey that took me to a world beyond imagination. It reminded me of the importance of being curious and brave in the face of the unknown.2When I delved into the ninth chapter of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, I was completely immersed in a world of wonder and fantasy. The author's vivid language and imaginative descriptions transported me to a place beyond my wildest dreams.One of the most captivating aspects was the unique language expressions. The way the characters spoke and the words chosen added a layer of charm and mystery to the story. For instance, when Alice encountered the strange creatures, their dialogues were filled with wit and humor, making me chuckle and ponder at the same time.The fantastical scenes depicted in this chapter were truly inspiring. The author's ability to create such vivid and otherworldly landscapes left me in awe. I could vividly picture the colorful gardens, the twisting paths, and the magical creatures lurking around every corner. It made me realize the power of imagination and how it can bring to life the most extraordinary places.This reading experience has not only entertained me but also sparked my own creativity. It has taught me to look beyond the ordinary andembrace the possibilities of the unknown. I am eager to continue this adventure and discover more hidden treasures within the pages of this remarkable book.3In the ninth chapter of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland", I was deeply captivated by the rich themes and profound thoughts. Alice's journey in this chapter took me on an emotional roller coaster.Alice encountered numerous challenges and obstacles, but her bravery and determination never wavered. She fearlessly faced the unknown, showing us that courage is not the absence of fear, but the willingness to move forward despite it. For instance, when confronted with the strange creatures and perplexing situations, Alice did not back down but chose to explore and solve the mysteries.Wisdom also played a crucial role. Alice's quick thinking and ability to adapt to the ever-changing circumstances helped her navigate through the fantastical world. Her decisions were not made rashly but were based on careful observation and analysis.Friendship, too, emerged as an important theme. Alice's interactions with the characters she met along the way demonstrated the power of companionship. They supported and helped each other, showing that true friends are there in times of need.Overall, this chapter of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" hastaught me valuable lessons about bravery, wisdom, and friendship. It has inspired me to face life's adventures with the same spirit as Alice.4When I delved into the ninth chapter of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland", I was completely captivated by the author's ingenious writing techniques and artful expressions. The author masterfully employed various rhetorical devices to breathe life into the story and make it incredibly alluring.One notable example is the frequent use of simile. For instance, when describing the strange creatures, the author compared their movements to "fluttering butterflies", which vividly presented their agility and lightness. This simile not only enriches the description but also enables readers to envision the scene more clearly in their minds.The personification was another effective tool. The author attributed human emotions and behaviors to inanimate objects, such as the talking flowers. They seemed to have their own personalities and thoughts, making the fantasy world seem more real and immersive.Furthermore, the vivid and detailed descriptions of the settings added depth and charm to the story. The author painted a picture of the mysterious and fantastical landscape, allowing readers to feel as if they were right there alongside Alice.All in all, the ninth chapter of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" isa masterpiece of literary craftsmanship. The author's adept use of these writing techniques and methods has transported readers into a world full of wonder and imagination.5After reading the ninth chapter of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland", my mind was filled with a riot of thoughts and imagination. This chapter was like a key that unlocked a door to a world beyond the ordinary.The story's vivid descriptions and unexpected plot twists took me on a wild journey. Alice's encounters with strange creatures and her navigation through peculiar landscapes made me question the boundaries of reality and fantasy. It wasn't just a story; it was an invitation to expand my thinking and let my imagination soar.For instance, the scene where Alice found herself in a garden filled with talking flowers made me envision a world where all elements of nature could communicate. I began to wonder what secrets the trees might share or what stories the rivers could tell. This newfound perspective allowed me to look at the world around me with a sense of wonder and curiosity.The chapter also challenged my conventional notions of what was possible. It made me realize that in the realm of imagination, anything could happen. I started to think about creating my own fantastical worlds, where the laws of physics could be bent and the impossible could becomepossible.In conclusion, the ninth chapter of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" has truly broadened my horizons and kindled my creativity. It has shown me that the power of a good story lies in its ability to inspire and transform the way we view the world.。
国际结算重点知识
国际结算重点知识单选：EXW 卖⽅责任最⼩DDP 卖⽅责任最⼤连线：sales contract=purchase order Transport document=bill of lading Beneficiary =drawer判断：F不可撤销信⽤证不可撤销或修改F 现⾦⽀票只可以在柜台上提取现⾦1. Settlement on commercial credit usually includes payment in advance, open account, remittance and collection2. While the EXW(Ex Works) term represents the minimum obligation for the seller, DDP represents the maximize obligation.3. Advance payment is most advantageous to the seller.4. Open account is least advantageous to the seller.5. Settlement on bank credit include Letter of credit and bank guarantee.6. Trade terms are also called price terms and delivery terms7. A drawer is the person who draws a bill of exchange or a check upon the drawee for the payment of a certain amount of money.8. A drawee is the person upon whom a bill of exchange or a check is drawn. He is also known as the addressee ofa draft.9. Check ⽀票is a bill of exchange drawn on a bank payable on demand. (以银⾏为付款⼈的即期汇票)1. A promissory note is a promise to pay, whereas a bill of exchange is an order to pay.2.There are only two essential parties to a promissory note, namely the maker and the payee( or the holder in thecase of a bearer note), whereas there are three parties to a bill of exchange, namely the drawer, the drawee and the payee.3.The maker is primarily liable on a promissory note, whereas the drawer is primarily liable, if it is a sight bill,and the acceptor becomes primarily liable, if it is a time bill.4.When issued, a promissory note has an original note only, whereas a bill of exchange may be either a sole billor a bill in a set.“down payment” 订⾦Open Account 赊销Letter of Credit 信⽤证Bank Guarantee 银⾏保函Correspondent Bank 代理⾏Holder for value 对价持票⼈Collection Bill Purchase托收出⼝加汇Trust Receipt信托收据commercial documents商业单据commercial invoice 商业发票proforma invoice 形式发票sample invoice 样本发票consular 领事发票customs invoice 海关发票legalized or visaed invoice 签证发票Shipping documents 运输单据marine/ocean bill of lading 海运提单rail-way bill 铁路单据air waybill 公路单据post parcel receipt 邮包收据Insurance documents 保险单据insurance policy 保险单insurance certificate 保险凭证Miscellaneous documents 其他单据certificate of origin 原产地证export/import license 出/进⼝许可证packing list 装箱单Advising bank通知⾏revocable credit可撤销& irrevocable credit不可撤销confirmed credit保兑& unconfirmed credit不保兑.non-negotiable ocean waybill 不可议付/不可转账海运单combined/multi-modal transport document 多式联运单据Documents against payment (D/P) 付款交单（对出⼝商seller较安全）Documents against acceptance (D/A) 承兑交单Parties to Documentary Credit : 1. Applicant=importer=the buyer.2. Issuing/opening bank=the buyer’s bank3.Advising bank通知⾏4. Beneficiary=exporter=the seller.Trade terms=price terms=delivery terms价格术语、交货条件in Advance=advance payment预付款time bill=usance bill 远期汇票holder in due course正当持票⼈=bona fide holder善意持票⼈remittance by airmail=mail transfer、M/T信汇remittance by Cable/Telex/SWIFT=cable transfer =telegraphic transfer、T/T电汇（速度最快，最安全，⾦额⼤，时间紧急）D/D(demand draft 票汇): Remittance by Banker’s demand draft, 最灵活Open Check/uncrossed check 现⾦⽀票/⾮划线⽀票（可领取现⾦）crossed check ⾮现⾦⽀票/转账⽀票（只能转账）collection托收：documentary collection 跟单托收clean collection 光票托收Control Documents 控制⽂件：1. Lists of specimen of authorized signatures 有权签字样本; 2. Telegraphic test keys 电汇密押; 3. Terms and Conditions 费率表; 4. SWIFT authentic key 全球银⾏⾦融电讯协会.Inter-bank Accounts 银⾏往来账户: 1. Nostro account 往账（我们的银⾏出国开设账户）; 2. V ostro account 来账（国外的银⾏来我国开设账户）三种主要信⽤⼯具：bills of exchange（汇票）, promissory notes（本票）and checks（⽀票）Parties to Negotiable instrument 流通票据的当事⼈:drawer出票⼈; drawee受票⼈; payee收款⼈; acceptor承兑⼈; endorser背书⼈;endorsee被背书⼈; acceptor for honor参加承兑⼈; guarantor保证⼈/担保⼈; holder持票⼈; holder for value付对价持票⼈; holder in due course正当持票⼈/bona fide holder善意持票⼈1. Issuance 出票;2. Endorsement 背书: 1). Blank endorsement 空⽩背书; 2). Special endorsement 记名背书3). Restrictive endorsement 限制性背书; 4) conditional endorsement 有条件背书3. Presentment 提⽰4. Acceptance 承兑5. dishonor 退票(none payment/refuse payment)6. discounting 贴现~ bank(贴现⾏)Tenor 期限sight bill 即期汇票time bill=usance bill 远期汇票Principal（Seller/Exporter/Drawer : 委托⼈，即委托银⾏收取款项的⼈。
综合英语教程3 Unit_3_Saved_by_His_Mistakes
--They rushed forward to congratulate the speaker on the perfect landing.
Retell the Story
An Outline
I. On her way home from a business trip II. Something wrong with the plane
Expressions of fear: frightened, panic-stricken, panicked, panicky, terrified, horrified, scared, appalled,
shaken, startled, astounded, dismayed, devastated, become hysterical (歇斯底里 的), act frantically/furiously/desperately (因害怕而行为发狂的)
3. What do “his mistakes” refer to?
--These are his two pups, Mistake No.1 and Mistake No.2, which he had bought them for 5 dollars and were mocked at by his elder brother.
Expressions for solving problems: put…right, sort things out, clear things up, figure out what to do /how to do it, straighten things out, get to the bottom of things
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According to drawer:
According to certification:
According to crossed or not:
crossed check open cheque
3.2.4 Crossed cheques
General Crossed Check
3.1.5 Major forms of promissory note
1.
•
Trade’s note
Trader’s note is a promissory note whose maker is a firm or trader. Commercial papers, issued by American big companies.
•
•
• • • •
One kind of financing tool for American large industrial and commercial enterprises. Payment period not more than 270 days. Amount ranges from 100,000USD to 5000,000USD. Pay to the order of a specified person of bearer Negotiation
3.2.2Requirements of a cheque
word “Cheque” An unconditional order to pay The name and address of the paying bank Drawer’s name and signature Date and place of issue The word “at sight” A certain amount of money Payee or his order
6. Date and place of issue
7. Maker’s signature
8. A certain amount of money
3.1.3 A promissory note sample
Promissory Note for GBP800
London, 8th Sep. 2002
Chapter3
Promissory Note & Check
Section1 Promissory note
3.1.1 Definitions of a promissory note
A promissory note is an unconditional promise in writing made by one person to another,signed by the maker,engaging to pay on damand or at a fixed or determinable future time a sum certain in money to or to the oder of a specified person or to bearer.
1. 2. 3. 4.
Two parties to a promissory note, whereas three to a bill of exchange. A promissory note is a promise to pay, whereas a bill of exchange is an order to pay. A promissory note needs no acceptance, whereas a time bill needs acceptance. The maker is primarily liable on a promissory note, whereas the drawer is primarily liable, if it is a sight bill and the accepter becomes primarily liable if it is a time bill.
3.1.6 Role of promissory note
Commodity trading (forward ) payment Used as a loan certificate Used as financing tool If custom has not enough cash he can use the note instead of cash.
Section2 check/cheque
3.2.1 Definitions of a cheque
Briefly speaking, a cheque is a bill of exchange drawn on a bank payable on demand. Detailedly speaking, a cheque is an unconditional order in writing addressed by customer to a bank signed by that customer authorizing the bank to pay on demand a sum certain in money to or to the order of a specified person or to bearer.
3.1.5 Major forms of promissory note
2. Banker’s notes
Different forms: • Pay to a special person • Pay to bearer • A sight banker’s note payable to bearer can be deemed as cash, which is part of the currency realm and an uncontrolled issue of banker’s sight bearer order notes by commercial banks will disturb a country’s monetary system.
Summary and comparison:
Credit escalation Commercial credit → bank credit → government credit Function escalation Non-cash settlement → monetary circulation → financial policy instrument (bond).
6. Central Banker’s Notes: similar to paper currency 7. Bonds: issued by local government, bank or enterprises. 8. Treasury bills: high liquidity, no risks. It is also referred to the government bond with the maker to be the Ministry of Finance.
A cheque sample
Cheque London, 31st Aug. 2005. No. 123456
BANK OF EUROPE LONDON Pay to A company or order the sum of Four hundred and fifty dollars for B company, London signature
Special Crossed Check
4.International money order: usually denominated in USD with the maximum amount not exceediing USD2500. 5.Certificate of Deposit:
• • •
Large amount / fixed amount / fixed time / negotiation Payment period---3months to 5 years Interest terms
3.1.2 Requirements of a promissory note
1. The word “Promissory Note”
2. An unconditional promise to pay
3. Period of payment 4. Place of payment
5. Payee or his order
3. Traveler’s cheque
• •
•
To purchase a traveler’s cheque is similar to deposit money into the issuing bank. Small amount / fixed amount, USD10, USD20, USD50 Similar to the international order, easy to carry and safe---sign customer’s name on the cheque.
3.1.4 Differences between a bill of exchange and a promissory note
5. When promissory note is refused to pay, the holder has right of recourse without protest, but if a bill of exchange is refused to pay protest must be needed unless the drawer write on the bill such words as “protest waived” or “please don’t protest if dishonored”. 6. Maker and payee must not be the same person--Promissory note, whereas it is allowed---Bill of exchange. 7. Different definitions. Promissory Note, Bill of Exchange. Maker, Drawer.