Q4 of Speaking Tasks
2016年广东高考英语听说考试真题 B
2016年广东省高考英语听说考试真题BPart A Reading AloudIn this part, you are required to watch a video clip and read after the speaker in the video.Almost eleven kilometers deep, the Pacific is the deepest body of water on the planet. But sometimes, the seabed shoots to the surface. The creation of a new island. This is Kavachi, one of the most active undersea volcanoes in the world. Powerful waves keep sweeping its efforts away. Today, only 1% of this vast ocean is land, and much of it owes its existence to the powers of volcanoes like Kavachi. The never-ending rise and fall of land in the Pacific will continue to produce strange and wonderful worlds. The natural force that created land here in the first place, the ocean volcano. (66”)Part B Role PlayIn this part, you are required to act as a role and complete three communicative tasks: listen to a speaker, ask the speaker three questions and then answer five questions.Now please ask the speaker three questions. You have twenty seconds to prepare the question. When you hear a beep, begin to ask the question.Q1: 你12岁时，学校是怎样的？________________________________________________________________(10”) A1: Listen to answer 1.Q2: 你认为体育活动将是一样的吗？________________________________________________________________(10”) A2: Listen to answer 2.Q3: 最大的变化会是什么？________________________________________________________________(10”) A3: Listen to answer 3.Now please get ready to answer five questions. You are allowed ten seconds to prepare the answer. When you hear a beep, begin to answer the question.Q1: Listen to question 1.A1: ________________________________________________________________(10”) Q2: Listen to question 2.A2: ________________________________________________________________(10”) Q3: Listen to question 3.A3: ________________________________________________________________(10”) Q4: Listen to question 4.A4: ________________________________________________________________(10”) Q5: Listen to question 5.A5: ________________________________________________________________(10”) Part C RetellingIn this part, you are required to listen to a monologue and then retell it based on what you have heard.Now please get ready. When you hear a beep, begin to retell it. (120”)____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________。
考虑到英语口语学习计划
考虑到英语口语学习计划Setting goalsThe first step in developing an English speaking plan is to set clear and achievable goals. These goals should be specific, measurable, and realistic. For example, a goal could be to hold a conversation with a native English speaker for 15 minutes without struggling to find words or understand the person. Another goal could be to give a presentation in English without feeling nervous or stuttering.Setting a timeframe for achieving these goals is also important. It gives learners a sense of urgency and a clear deadline to work towards.Listening practiceListening is an essential part of speaking. To improve speaking skills, learners need to have a good understanding of English sounds, intonation, and rhythm. Listening to various forms of English, such as podcasts, news, and conversations, helps learners to become familiar with different accents and speaking styles.To incorporate listening practice into the learning plan, learners can allocate a certain amount of time each day to listen to English. They can also use resources like TED Talks, YouTube videos, or audiobooks to improve their listening skills.Speaking practiceSpeaking practice is the most important part of an English speaking plan. Learners should aim to speak English as much as possible, even if they make mistakes. Practice makes perfect, and the more learners speak, the more confident and fluent they will become.To incorporate speaking practice into the learning plan, learners can join speaking clubs, attend language exchange events, or hire a tutor for regular speaking sessions. They can also practice speaking with friends, colleagues, or family members who speak English.Pronunciation practicePronunciation is often a challenging aspect for non-native English speakers. Having a good command of English sounds and stress patterns is crucial for clear communication. Pronunciation practice should be included in the learning plan to help learners improve their speaking skills.To improve pronunciation, learners can use resources like pronunciation apps, online courses, or YouTube videos. They can also practice speaking with a native English speaker who can provide feedback on their pronunciation.Vocabulary and grammarHaving a strong vocabulary and good grasp of grammar is essential for effective communication. Learners should allocate time in their speaking plan to learn new words, phrases, and idioms. They should also review grammar rules and practice using them in speaking exercises.To improve vocabulary and grammar, learners can use flashcards, language learning apps, or online courses. They can also read English books, watch English movies, and write regularly to reinforce their knowledge.Feedback and reflectionGetting feedback on speaking is crucial for improvement. Learners should seek feedback from teachers, language partners, or native speakers to identify areas of improvement in their speaking skills. Reflecting on their progress and making adjustments to their speaking plan is also important for continuous improvement.Incorporating feedback and reflection into the speaking plan can be done by setting regular check-ins with a language partner or tutor, recording speaking sessions for self-assessment, and keeping a journal to track progress.ConclusionDeveloping an English speaking plan is essential for learners who want to improve their speaking skills. By setting clear goals, incorporating listening, speaking, and pronunciation practice, improving vocabulary and grammar, and seeking feedback and reflection, learners can create a comprehensive plan to become confident and fluent English speakers. With consistent practice and dedication, learners can achieve their speaking goals and enjoy the benefits of improved English speaking skills.。
《高级职业英语能力认证》检测试卷（2）答案
《高级职业英语能力认证》检测试卷(2)答案Module I Listening Tasks Task 1 Script: Example: Here are some suggestions for improving your social skills and getting closer to your colleagues. 1. Smile. Maintain a positive and cheerful attitude towards work and life. 2. Be appreciative. Be generous with praise and kind works of encouragement. 3. Pay attention to others .express concern and sympathy for difficult situations. 4. Practice active listening. It is a sign that you intend to hear and understand other s’s’ point of view. point of view. 5. Bring people together. Create an environment that encourages others to work together. 6. Resolve conflicts. Become someone who resolves conflicts when they arise. 7. Communicate clearly. This helps you avoid misunderstandings with coworkers. 8. Be humorous. Use your sense of humor to lower barriers and gain people’s people’s affection. affection. 9. See it from their side. Try to see things from another person ’s perspective. 10. Do not complain. If you simply have to vent about something, save it for your diary. Key: 1.d 2. e 3. v 4. n 5. h 6. f 7. g 8. j 9. k 10. i Task 2 Key: 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. T 8. T 9. T 10. T Conversation 1 M: Mrs. Smith, I’I’d like to remind you that a meeting is scheduled at 9:00 this morning. d like to remind you that a meeting is scheduled at 9:00 this morning. W: Yes. The sales manage will report the company’s company’s sales for last year? sales for last year? M: By the way, the meeting will be held in the Exhibition Hall. W: I see. Thank you very much. Conversation 2 M: Hi, Li Lin. Where do you work now? W: I’I’m just out of work. m just out of work. M: I am sorry to hear that. Are you looking for a job? W: Of course. I had two interviews today, but they both turned me down. Conversation 3 M: This is John Brow from the Jones Shoe Company. I’I’d like to make a reservatio0n for a meeting d like to make a reservatio0n for a meeting room in your hotel. W: OK. When would you like to host the meeting? M: Next Monday morning. Is your hotel available then? W: Let me see … Oh, I am terribly sorry. All the meeting rooms in our hotel have been reserved on Monday morning. Conversation 4 M: Ms. Green, will you please sign your name here? W: Thank you, Mr. Smith. I hope we ’ll have a long and prosperous future together. M: Me, too. There is a lot we can do in the future as business partners. W: Let ’s go and have a drink to it, Mr. Smith. Conversation 5 M: Hello, this is Johnson. W: Hello, this is Mr. Smith ’s secretary. I’I’m calling to inquire whether it is possible for Mr. Smith m calling to inquire whether it is possible for Mr. Smith to cancel his appointment with you at 2:00 this afternoon. He isn ’t feeling well. M: Of course. It ’s quite all right. We ’ll arrange another time to meet. Tell him to have a good rest. W: Thank you. Conversation 6 M: Good morning, Nancy. Is everything all right? You don’t’don’t’ look so well. look so well. W: I work overtime every day, so I feel very tired. M: That ’s too bad. Why not talk to your boss? W: In my company working overtime is very common. If I have a chance to get another job, I will leave this company.. Conversation 7 M: Do you get along well with others in your office? W: Oh, yes. My boss is kind and fair. He treats his employees like his friends. M: That ’s good. How about others? W: My colleagues are friendly and cooperative. Conversation 8 M: Excuse me, Miss, could I ask you a few questions about our hotel ’s service? W: Sure. Go ahead. M: What ’s your general impression of the services here? W: Very nice, indeed. The hotel staff is polite and the room is so clean and tidy. Conversation 9 M: Do you know the theme for this seminar, Sara? W: Yes, I do. The theme is culture and etiquette in different countries. M: Really? It should be interesting. W: If you are interested in it, you can come. It is open to everyone. Conversation 10 M: How big is your company? W: It is a medium-sized company with a staff of abo0ut 500 people and a history of 30 ears. M: That ’s quite impressive. Your products seem to be much cheaper than ours in the European market. W: You see, we ’ve been trying hard to cut down the production costs. Task 3 Key: 1.C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. A Dialogue 1 A: Hello, the manager ’s office, Good Luck Supermarket. B: Hi, this is John Brown from the Blue Sky Electronics. A: Good morning, Mr. Brown. What can I do for you? B: I am calling to invite your manager, Mr. Li, to our sales promotion meeting for this season. A: Hmm … this s eason’s season’s season’s sales promotion meeting. Will you please tell me when and where? sales promotion meeting. Will you please tell me when and where? B: On June 5th . It will begin at 9:30 am at the Bridge Hotel. A: OK. I will pass on the message to him and give you a reply soon. B: B: Thanks. Thanks. Thanks. W e W e will will will send send send him him him the the the written written written invitation invitation invitation by by by May May May 3030th . . Y ou Y ou know know know we we we value value value the the the long long friendship between our two companies. A: Thank you for inviting. I will tell you his decision as soon as possible. Bye, Mr. Brown. B: Bye-bye. Q1: What do we learn from the conversation? Q2: When and where will the meeting will be held? Dialogue 2 W: John, have you finished the agenda four our meeting next Tuesday? M: Yes, but I’I’m not sure about the topics for discussion. m not sure about the topics for discussion. W: Then let ’s go through the topics quickly, so that we can make sure we cover all the issues. M: Well, there’re there’re three topics on the agenda now, the name of the project, the budget and the team three topics on the agenda now, the name of the project, the budget and the team members. W: Don ’t forget the selection of the team leader. M: Yes, that’s that’s very important. Shall I put it at the beginning of the agenda so that everybody can very important. Shall I put it at the beginning of the agenda so that everybody can pay attention? W: That’s That’s not necessary. Just place it at the end as the last item. And not necessary. Just place it at the end as the last item. And I’I’d like to keep each item top d like to keep each item top 15 minutes, if possible. M: Sure, that ’ll leave some time for free discussion. W: That’That’ fine, just in case someone should bring up something else. fine, just in case someone should bring up something else. M: Then the meeting is due to finish at about four o ’clock. W: OK. Remember to send a memo to all the attendees before hand. M: No problem. Q3: What are the two speakers talking about? Q4: What is the last topic for discussion on the agenda? Q5: How long will the discussion of the topics take? Task 4 Key: 1. establishing 2. profit 3. working environment 4. leading by example 5. formal policies Module II Reading Tasks Task 1 Key: 1. A 2. D 3. C 4.D 5. B 译文译文 求职面试某种程度上，参加求职面试就像是带着说服目的的一场发言，毕竟求职者的目的就是要说服雇主同意聘用他。
Unit-19-Doing-sports-is-good-for-health
第15页，共34页。
Communicative tasks
• Task 2
A:How about going hiking with us? B:Sounds good to me. Where do you want to go?
A:Let's go up to the mountains. It should be beautiful there.
第20页，共34页。
Reading questions
• 1.What does Judy like? • All kinds of sports. • 2.Why does Judy have sports? • For exercise and fun
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Language points
2.They make our life richer and more colorful. 3.Doiing sports can make us strong and healthy. It can
also relax ourselves. 4.Sports and games are also very useful in character-
B:Ok. Just give me a few minutes to get ready.
第16页，共34页。
Communicative tasks
• Task 3 A:What did you do last night? B:I watched some sports on TV. A:Tell me about them. B:There was one soccer game between English and Italy. A:What was the result of the game. B:It was a tie, 1 to 1. A:What else did you watch? B:I also watched a tennis match between Witt and Green. A:Who won? B:Witt won the match.
英语学评第四单元task作文
英语学评第四单元task作文Learning a new language can be a challenging yet rewarding experience. As a student of English, I have been tasked with writing an essay on the topic of the fourth unit in my English studies. This unit focuses on the importance of task-based learning and how it can be effectively implemented in the language classroom.Task-based learning, or TBL, is an approach to language instruction that emphasizes the use of meaningful tasks to facilitate the acquisition of language skills. Unlike traditional language teaching methods that focus on the explicit instruction of grammar rules and vocabulary, TBL encourages learners to engage in real-world activities that require the use of the target language in a natural and communicative manner.One of the key advantages of TBL is its ability to foster learner autonomy and engagement. By presenting learners with tasks that are relevant to their interests and needs, TBL helps to increase their motivation and investment in the learning process. Instead of passively absorbing information, learners are actively involved in thecompletion of tasks, which allows them to develop their language skills in a more meaningful and contextualized way.Moreover, TBL emphasizes the importance of task-based interaction, which involves learners working collaboratively to achieve a specific goal or outcome. This type of interaction not only helps to improve language proficiency but also fosters the development of critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills – all of which are essential for success in the modern workforce.Another benefit of TBL is its flexibility and adaptability. Tasks can be designed to target specific language skills, such as reading, writing, speaking, or listening, or to integrate multiple skills simultaneously. Additionally, tasks can be tailored to the needs and proficiency levels of individual learners or groups, ensuring that the learning experience is both challenging and achievable.Despite the many advantages of TBL, there are also some potential challenges that language instructors must consider. One of the primary challenges is the need for careful task design and sequencing. Effective tasks must be well-structured, with clear objectives and instructions, and must be scaffolded in a way that gradually increases in complexity and difficulty.Another challenge is the need for ongoing assessment and feedback.In a TBL classroom, learners are often engaged in open-ended tasks that do not have a single correct answer. As a result, instructors must be skilled in providing formative feedback that helps learners to identify areas for improvement and to develop their language skills further.Finally, the implementation of TBL may require a significant shift in the traditional roles and responsibilities of both instructors and learners. Instructors must be willing to relinquish some of their authority and to take on the role of facilitator, while learners must be prepared to take a more active and autonomous role in their own learning.Despite these challenges, the benefits of TBL make it a highly valuable approach to language instruction. By engaging learners in meaningful tasks and fostering their development of critical thinking and communication skills, TBL can help to prepare students for success in a rapidly changing global landscape.As a student of English, I have had the opportunity to experience the benefits of TBL firsthand. Through my participation in various task-based activities, I have been able to develop my language skills in a more natural and contextualized way, while also gaining valuable insights into the cultural and social aspects of the English-speaking world.For example, one of the tasks I recently completed involved planning a hypothetical trip to a major city in the United States. This task required me to research the city, identify key attractions and landmarks, and then work with my classmates to create an itinerary that would maximize our experience and enjoyment. Throughout the process, I had to use my English language skills to gather information, communicate with my team members, and present our final plan to the class.Another task that I found particularly engaging was a role-playing exercise in which I had to assume the identity of a customer service representative at a hotel. In this task, I had to respond to a variety of scenarios and inquiries from "guests," using my language skills to provide effective and courteous service. This experience not only helped me to improve my speaking and listening skills but also gave me a greater appreciation for the importance of effective communication in real-world situations.Overall, my experiences with TBL have been incredibly valuable and have helped me to develop a deeper understanding and appreciation for the English language. Through the completion of meaningful tasks, I have been able to apply my language skills in practical and relevant contexts, while also developing important critical thinking and problem-solving skills.As I continue my journey as a student of English, I am excited to continue exploring the benefits of TBL and to find new ways to incorporate this approach into my learning. Whether it is through the planning of a hypothetical trip, the role-playing of a customer service scenario, or the completion of any other task-based activity, I am confident that I will continue to grow and develop as a language learner and a global citizen.In conclusion, the use of task-based learning in the language classroom is a highly effective and valuable approach to language instruction. By engaging learners in meaningful tasks and fostering the development of critical thinking and communication skills, TBL can help to prepare students for success in a rapidly changing world. As a student of English, I have personally experienced the benefits of this approach and am excited to continue exploring its potential in the years to come.。
2015年四级倾听比做更重要范文
2015年四级倾听比做更重要范文English Answer(英文回答)。
Listening is more important than speaking in the 2015 CET-4. This is because the CET-4 is a standardized testthat measures a student's ability to understand spoken English. Speaking is not tested on the CET-4.There are several reasons why listening is more important than speaking on the CET-4. First, listening is a receptive skill, while speaking is a productive skill. Receptive skills are generally easier to learn than productive skills. This is because receptive skills involve understanding language, while productive skills involve producing language. Producing language is more difficult because it requires students to have a good command of grammar and vocabulary.Second, listening is a more important skill for everyday communication. In most situations, we spend moretime listening to others than we do speaking. This is because listening is essential for understanding whatothers are saying. Speaking is only necessary when we wantto communicate our own thoughts and ideas.Third, listening is a skill that can be improvedthrough practice. Students can improve their listeningskills by listening to English-language materials, such as movies, TV shows, and podcasts. They can also improve their listening skills by taking listening comprehension courses.Speaking, on the other hand, is a skill that is more difficult to improve. This is because speaking requires students to have a good command of grammar and vocabulary. Improving one's grammar and vocabulary takes time andeffort.For all of these reasons, listening is more important than speaking on the CET-4. Students who want to do well on the CET-4 should focus on developing their listening skills.Chinese Answer(中文回答)。
商务英语视听说四教学大纲
商务英语视听说四教学大纲English:The Business English Audiovisual Speaking course aims to enhance students' ability to communicate effectively in a business environment. The course focuses on developing students' listening and speaking skills through a variety of real-life business scenarios, such as presentations, negotiations, and meetings. Students will practice and improve their listening comprehension by exposing them to authentic business dialogues and speeches. Additionally, they will also develop their speaking skills by participating in role-plays, discussions, and presentations. The course will also cover essential business vocabulary and phrases, as well as effective communication strategies in cross-cultural contexts. Through this course, students will gain the necessary language and communication skills to succeed in the global business world.中文翻译:商务英语视听说课程旨在提高学生在商务环境中有效交流的能力。
2022年9月英语六级真题及参考答案
2022年9月英语六级真题及参考答案英语六级试卷采用多题多卷的形式，大家核对答案时,找出具体选项，忽略套数。
搜集整理了各个版本，仅供大家参考。
【听力】Conversation 1M: Welcome to Money Matters - a weekly program that helps you manage your money. Tonight, I'll be talking to Mary Johnson about budgeting.W: Hello, everyone.M: There's a magic about money, when it's not planned for, tracked and kept the record of, it literally disappears.What are some of the steps we can take to prevent this from happening?W: Well, it's all about keeping track of your money.If you don't do that, you'll never be able to set any goals for your budget or have the discipline to stick to them.M: That's easier said than done. I read recently that only 41% of Americans adhere to a budget. W: Yes, but knowing what you earn and what you spend can give you reassurance that you won't get into debt in the first place. You can do this by adding up all of your sources of income you have, and writing them all down on a piece of paper. On the same page, write down all of your monthly expenses.M: I'm always amazed at how much my expenses add up.But designating each item as an income or an expense really helps me have a much better sense of all my spending.W: Right. Most people have no idea how much they spend each day, let alone each week or month, no matter how careful they are. Next, subtract your monthly expenses from income. If the result is positive, you are living within your means. If the result is a negative number, you're going to have to cut back on your spending.M: I'm usually a negative number. I just can't resist the allure of all those prestigious goods.W: Well, it's not a catastrophe, but you do have to make some changes. Try cutting back on those non-essential items, sell some stuff in your attic or shop online to avoid unnecessary temptations like chocolate. Failing that you can always find yourself a part-time job.Q1: What does the man say about the weekly program?Q2: What did the man read recently?Q3: What does the woman suggest the man do first to avoid getting into debt?Q4: What does the woman say about online shopping?Conversation 2M: Hi there. I've come to see the flat. My name is Mark Adams. We spoke on the phone on Wednesday.W: Hi Mark. Come on up. I'll buzz you in green door, on the second floor on the right side. Nice to meet you. I spoke to all your references and they all checked out Okay. So let me show you around the place actually belongs to my mother, but her health isn't great. So we finally managed to persuade her to move in with us and rent this old place out.M：It's a great size, plenty of space, very versatile. I think it's a winner for us.W: Yes. All the appliances are brand new. There's a washing machine and a tumble dryer in the utility room next to the kitchen.M: Lots of closet space two, which is fabulous. My wife has a ridiculous number of shoes. Now, the big question What about noise and the neighbors?W: Well, all the neighbors are elderly, so no noisy kids and the back of the house overlooks a clear and peaceful pond. So it's perfect. If tranquility is what you are looking for.M: That's good news. We've been living in a less than glamorous part of Aberdeen, constantly harassed day and night by noisy neighbors. Getting to work was a nightmare too. As we only have one car. And my wife has to use it as she works nights at the hospital.W: Well, if you like the place it's yours. As soon as I get a contract drawn up with the solicitor, the first month's rent and a deposit are mandatory on signing the contract, then we can work out when is the best day for you to pay rent each month?M: We'll be incredibly happy to be your new tenants. Thank you so much. My wife will be thrilled to get out of the shabby place we are now in and start filling those wardrobes with all those shoes.Q5: What does the woman say about the flat question six?Q6: What is the man's chief consideration in looking for a flat?Q7: What does the man have to do on signing the contract?Q8: Why does the man say his wife will feel very excited if they move into the flat?Passage 1A new study has found a positive correlation between how much television children watch andtheir parents stress levels. Why? Because the more television kids watch, the more they're exposed to advertising .The more advertising they see, the more likely they are to insist on purchasing items when they go with their parents to the store.This could generate conflict if the parents refuse. All that researchers say can contribute to parents overall stress levels. What's the solution ? Perhaps the most obvious is curtailing screen time.Commercial content is there for a reason :to elicit purchasing behavior, so parents might want to shut off the TV. Researchers can see that this is easier said than done. So they suggest another option. Parents can change how they talk to their kids about purchases. The researchers suggest that parents seek input from their children on family purchasing decisions.They shouldn't try to control all purchases. Instead, parents might tell their children things like: I will listen to your advice on certain products or brands. This type of communication, the researchers assert, can lead to children, making fewer purchasing demands- that means less parent stress. However, the protective effect of this kind of communication diminishes with greater exposure to television. This is because advertising aimed at children is especially persuasive. Advertisers use an assortment of tactics, such as bright colors, happy music and celebrity endorsements to appeal to children. Plus children don't have the cognitive ability to fully understand advertising's intent that makes them particularly vulnerable to advertisements.Q9: What has the new study found about children watching television?Q10:What are parents advised to do to reduce the impact of TV commercials?Q11: What makes children particularly vulnerable to TV commercials?Passage 2Everyone is supposed to cheer for good guys. And we should only punish the bad guys, but that's not what we always do. Most of the time we do indeed reward good people. We also often punish people who harm others or who aren't good team players, but sometimes the good guys also get punished or criticized specifically because they are so good. This seems baffling because it's detrimental to group cooperation. However, the phenomenon has been discovered in multiple fields and it has been found in every society. Why does this happen? Research suggests a simple reason when one person looks really good, others look bad by comparison. Those others then have an incentive in stopping that person from looking good, especially if they can't or won't compete. After all, we're all judged in comparison with others. When faced with someone better, what can a normal person do? One option is to actively compete. A second option is to bring that person down that is to suppress their cooperation or work ethic, and first selfish motives for their actions or imply real or imagined hypocrisy. Other tactics include attacking them on unrelated dimensions or punishing them outright. Why does this matter? Critics often attack the motives of people who protect the environment, donate money or work too hard. Such good deeds are dismissed as naive or hypocritical by those who do not perform those deeds. This criticism may ultimately discourage people from doing good deeds.so it's important to recognize these attacks for what they are.Q12: What baffling phenomenon is discussed in the passage?Q13: How are we all judged according to the passage?Q14: What can a normal person do when faced with people who perform better?Q15: what may discourage people from performing good deeds?Lecture 1 雪萱In America, most researchers can see that boys and girls are brought up in different ways, taught different skills and rewarded for different acts. Women, it is agreed excel at certain tasks, men at others. There is little argument that some personality traits appear more dominant in one sex than in the other.All of this, not withstanding, gender differences are very much in the media these days. Since the rise of the women's movement, gender role behavior has come under closer scrutiny. How has this affected friendship? How do the sexes differ in their friendship relations? Most preteen children have a best friend who is usually some one of the same sex and similar age.Both sexes share an essentially positive recollection of these childhood friendships, they do not differ in this respect. However, the type of play engaged in during these early friendships is telling of the difference to come. Boys tend to form playgroups that are competitive in nature. Girls groups more frequently revolve around cooperative enterprises. Thus at an early age, boys become concerned with trying hard and winning, while girls by contrast play house and school, engaging in roles that require complimentary support. Speaking of their childhood, men recall being highly responsive to and aware of the gender role opinions of other boys. Girls in preteen years appear to be less susceptible to gender role pressure. It is not until the dating years that women report being concerned with feminine behavior. Males for the most part are responsive to the suggestion that their behavior is unmanly at almost any age. These early attitudes reinforced by social conditioning continue to play an active part in the friendships of both sexes during adolescence. This is a period when the majority of males, once again, report a close Alliance with same sex friends.Now, however, with heightened intensity, considerable energy is devoted to competing forposition and a definite undercurrent of competition permeates the relationship. Although in dissimilar fashion, females share equally fragile relationships at this age. For them, the bond of loyalty extends only to the line of romantic involvement.This is most apt to be the case in late adolescence when dating and relationships with boys take sharp precedence over sisterhood. Actually dating dilutes the intensity of same sex friendships for men also. For the majority of us, the moment we begin to date seriously, there's a competition between romance and friendship.Q16: What does the speaker say about most preteen children?Q17: What do most males devote much of their energy to during adolescence?Q18: What do children do when they reach late adolescence?Lecture 2Good afternoon. In today's lecture, we'll be talking about how and when to disclose a disability when applying for a job. On average, about 20% of the population has some form of disability. Most countries these days have equal opportunity and non-discrimination laws, yet disabled people often find it hard to decide when, how, and if at all to raise their disability problem with a potential employer. There is uncertainty about how a recruiter will perceive their disability as such many candidates fear they wouldn't be considered for a position as a result of disclosing this personal information. And research has validated this as a genuine concern for many job applicants. It’s a natural reaction, but it shouldn't be a reason to stay quiet. People need to remember that they are applying for a position they have the skills and experience to.Discussing a disability with a potential employer may help them make reasonable workplace adjustments in their favor. It's most appropriate to discuss a disability when they reply to confirm an interview, this information needed to be put up front in their cover letter or resume. because it's probably not relevant to the position itself. Candidates with disabilities should feel they have the power to make their own decisions around sharing this information free from prejudice. If they find an organization that doesn't celebrate diversity and inclusion, it could say a lot about the company's culture, perhaps the organization isn't the right fit. It's important for them to. remember That they are seeking a manager, an employer that's going to be supportive and continue to give them a great employment experience. Companies sometimes offer candidates the chance to disclose disabilities on their application form, but people shouldn't feel restricted by this method or timing. People should avoid sharing the name of their disability or condition. There is always the risk that the recruiter will research inform that is inaccurate or irrelevant. If people don't think their disability will impact their ability to perform in the advertised position, then it's entirely their entitlement to choose when and whether to share this information.Q19: Why do disabled job applicants feel reluctant to disclose their disability information?Q20: When does the speaker suggest applicants reveal their disability information? Q21: What are people advised to do when filling out their job application form?Lecture 3Smartphones Distract attention and reduce learning because of their potential to offer activitiesmore inviting than study.But what about background sound alone?A group of American researchers compared students' comprehension of verbal material when reading in the presence of background speech, instrumental music or general noise.General noise is neutral such as that from the sound of an air conditioner or fan.Student scores were most depressed in the presence of background speech. Comprehension was slightly better with the presence of music than with speech.However, when they were asked to identify melodies rather than understand text background music interfered more. When the background speech was in a language unfamiliar to participants, there was little, if any hindrance of reading comprehension.British researchers compared the effects of background speech, vocal music, instrumental music, general background noise and silence on short term memory.Background speech had the biggest negative effect. V ocal music was slightly more disruptive than instrumental.In general background noise and silence were least disrupt.It seems the degree of interference from background noise depends on the overlap between the processing required on the task and the processing required to screen out the background noise. The studies suggest that when people read and when they try to remember any verbal material, background speech will inhibit their ability.Instrumental music will have at worst a slight effect.When students write essays, however,other research has found it is best to reduce all background noise as much as possible.Not everyone reacts in the same way to distractions.Other studies suggest some aspects of personality may make a difference.The researchers subjected shy, quiet people and confident, outgoing ones to high arousal or low arousal background music, general noise or silence while asking them to remember words. Everyone performed best in the silent condition, but less sociable people were more negatively affected by each of the distractions.So when children are reading and trying to incorporate new material, parents could consider allowing some background music, particularly if it is instrumental and their child is the outgoing type.Q22: What did some American researchers find about students reading comprehension in the presence of background noise?Q23: What do we learn from the British researchers about the degree of interference from background noise?Q24: What is best for students to do when writing essays according to some research?Q25: How do people of different personalities react to distractions according to other studies?听力参考答案1.C) It helps people with budgeting.2.D) Most Americans do not stick to a budget.3.A) Keep track of his money.4.B) It helps avoid unnecessary spending.5.C) It belongs to her mother.6.B) Tranquility.7.B) Pay the first month's rent and a deposit.8.D) She will have plenty of space for her shoes.9. D) The more television they watch, the greater their parents' stress.10. C) Involve children in making purchasing decisions.11. A) Their limited cognitive ability.12）D Good guys may get unfair treatment13) C In comparsion with others14) B Compete with them actively15) A Being dismissed as hypocritical16.D) They make friends with peers of the same sax.17. A) Competing for position.18. A) They prioritize romance over friendship.19. B) They are worried about being turned down.20. C) When confirming an interview.21. D) Avoid mentioning the name of their disability.22.B) It was the poorest when there was background speech.23.C) It depends on the overlap in processing different kinds of information.24.A) Keep everything as quiet as possible.25. B) Shy quiet people were most adversely impacted.【阅读】词汇理解（1）文章开头开头：The now extinct passenger pigeon has the dubious honor of being the last species anyone ever expected to disappear.（2）答案【答案速查】26-30 LAIMO 31-35 BCHND26. L) estimates27. A) vulnerable28. I) hatched29. M) edible30. O) delicacy31. B) unprecedented32. C) tracts33. H) infinite34. N) depleted35. D) specimen长篇阅读（1）文章标题标题：Is computer coding a foreign language?（2）答案速查36-40 LEKGD 41-45 HBJCM（3）题干、答案和定位处36. Employers attach more importance to applicants' computer skills than their language competence.36. L 【定位】Even with the benefits and skill sets languages provide, recruiters and employers value computer skills more.37. One U.S. state senator proposed that high school students be allowed to study either foreign language or computer coding.37. E【定位】“I think the opportunity to give people a choice is important," says Florida state Senator Jeremy Ring.might as well do computer coding."38. Learning languages broadens students' international perspective and nurtures mutual respect among peoples, according to a high school language teacher.38. K【定位】We need to find a way to put ourselves at the global table and to treat each other with mutual respect.39. One U.S. state will see to it that programming classes are taught by quality teachers.39. G 【定位】Instead, the state will provide support for higher quality teachers for programming classes.40. Statistics show while computer-related jobs have been on the rise, foreign languages have become less appealing to American students since mid-1990s.40. D 【定位】Foreign language interest, on the other hand, is declining for the first time since 1995.41. All school subjects are said to be essential to students' well-rounded development.41. H 【定位】…because every subject, whether art, math or language. is a significant contribution to a well-rounded existence.42. There is consensus among most educators that coding should be taught in schools but should not replace foreign language.42. B【定位】Coding should be added to curriculums, but not at the expense of foreign language classes.43. One study showed that foreign language learning improved students' academic performance.43. J【定位】Studies show that bilingualism (双语) correlates with cognitive development, intelligence, memory and problem solving abilities, according to the American Cou44. Being short of funding and qualified teachers, schools lag behind the fast developing computer science field.44. C 【定位】The computer science field is growing faster than schools can keep up because of budget constraints and a lack of skills training for teachers.45. A distinguished high school language teacher also believes it is advisable to start learning a foreign language at an earlier age.45. M 【定位】I just think it's something you have to start early and not just have something that you do for a couple of years in high school," he says.Passage One（1）文章开头The U.S. and China don’t agree on much these days.（2）答案【答案速查】46-50 DCABC（3）答案选项内容：46. D) How to stop tech companies from gaining monopoly.47. C) All companies must be regulated by the government.48. A) They can no longer do business independent of tech giants.49. B) They have considered regulatory action to promote fair competition.50. C) They are becoming untrustworthy.Passage Two文章开头：Born from the accessibility of mass air travel, modern答案速查：51-55 DBDAC51. What is the popular assumption about international tourism?D) It contributes to the economy of destination countries and regions.52. What do we learn from some studies about uncontrolled tourism development?B) It incurs local residents' antagonism to tourists.53. Why does the author say local residents of popular destinations often feel frustrated?D)They do not think they benefit as much as they deserve.54. How does the author say local residents in destination communities respond to tourism activity?A)They endeavor to adapt to it.55. What can tourists do to exert more positive impacts on the tourist destinations?C)Use the services provided by local businesses.【翻译】春联贴春联(Spring Festival couplets)是中国人欢度春节的一个重要习俗。
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Task4
SECTION1(The Noting Part)
○1Reading部分笔记（主要目的是抄到Concept or Phenomenon）
1.抄标题
2.以下必做速记：
a.概念（concept）
b.术语（term）
c.例子（核心词）、
d.原因
f.生词（n.或名词性结构短语）
3.注意下列符号之后的内容
a. :
b. “”
c. ----
4.考听力而不考阅读：听力一般会出现1-2个例子&原因&方法&流程○2Listening 部分笔记
Template：
T: course + person + content
She/He
1.
2.
ATTENTION: NO PERSONAL OPINIONS!!! SECTION2(The Speaking Part)
Template：(P+P+T+D)
Opening:
Concept:
The concept of ****is, I’m quoting here, ……(reading笔记). In order to prove it, the professor takes an/2 examples of ……(listening笔记)/ the professor introduces two kinds of ways to solve this problem.
Phenomenon:
In this academic lecture, the professor is talking about ……(Reading 笔记). As he/she says……(listening 笔记). In order to prove it, the professor takes an/2 examples of….. Details:
首先：To begin with…….
然后：then, she/he moves onto that……插入九大逻辑句型
最后：In conclusion……
P.S.1 九大逻辑句型
1. She/He introduces that……
2. She/He explains/demonstrates/illustrates that
3. She/He emphasizes/stresses that……
4. In order to prove it, she/he take an example of ……/she/he just take sth for case.
5. She/He compare sth/sb with sth/sb.
6. She/He raises a question, and the answer is about ……
7. She/He believes/shows that ……
8. She/He adds that/move onto sth……
9. She/He deduces/concludes/summarizes that……
<Cautious: 旁白为现在时，例子时态与演讲者一致>
P.S.2 直接引用语句
1. as the reading passage mentioned
2. to quote sb
3. as sb put it
4. according to sb
5. I am quoting here
Vice Versa:反之亦然。