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人脑影像表型的基因组与暴露组广度关联研究

人脑影像表型的基因组与暴露组广度关联研究

国际医学放射学杂志InternationalJournalofMedicalRadiology2021May 鸦44穴3雪:249-253人脑影像表型的基因组与暴露组广度关联研究于春水△【摘要】脑影像技术可以精确刻画人脑结构与功能,其个体变异决定了人类认知功能及神经精神疾病易感性的个体差异。

人脑结构与功能的个体差异与遗传变异、环境暴露、遗传-遗传交互作用、环境-环境交互作用及遗传-环境交互作用有关,需要从整个基因组和暴露组广度进行系统研究。

重点讨论基因组广度关联研究、暴露组广度关联研究、基因组广度遗传-遗传交互作用研究、暴露组广度环境-环境交互作用研究及基因组-暴露组广度遗传-环境交互作用研究在揭示人脑结构与功能个体差异成因中的潜在价值及其面临的挑战。

【关键词】磁共振成像;基因组;暴露组;人脑中图分类号:R394;R445.2文献标志码:AGenome -and exposome -wide association studies of human brain imaging phenotypes YU Chunshui △.Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital,Tianjin 300052,China.△E-mail:******************.cn【Abstract 】Human brain structure and function can be precisely characterized by brain imaging techniques and theirinter -individual variations are associated with individual differences in cognitive abilities and susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disorders.Individual differences in human brain structure and function can be attributed to genetic variations,environmental exposures,as well as gene -gene,environment -environment and gene -environment interactions.These effects should be unbiasedly investigated from the whole genome and exposome.Here,we discuss the potential values and challenges in investigating individual differences in brain structure and function by genome -wide association,exposome-wide association,genome-wide gene-gene interaction,exposome-wide environment-environment interaction and genome-exposome-wide gene-environment interaction analyses.【Keywords 】Magnetic resonance imaging;Genome;Exposome;Human brainIntJMedRadiol,2021,44(3):249-253作者单位:天津医科大学总医院医学影像科,天津市功能影像重点实验室,天津300052△E-mail :******************.cn 基金项目:国家重点研发计划“重大慢性非传染性疾病防控研究”重点专项(2018YFC1314300);国家自然科学基金重点项目(82030053)DOI:10.19300/j.2021.S18881专家述评以MRI 为代表的脑影像技术可以准确评估人脑结构与功能,其个体变异决定了人类认知功能及神经精神疾病易感性的个体差异[1]。

新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤与脑微循环血流及一氧化氮变化的研究

新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤与脑微循环血流及一氧化氮变化的研究

新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤与脑微循环血流及一氧化氮变化的研究丁春华;张少丹;裴林;张君岚;刘晓明;凌亦凌【期刊名称】《河北医科大学学报》【年(卷),期】2001(022)003【摘要】@@ 小儿脑性瘫痪(简称脑瘫)是指小儿在出生前到出生后1个月内的发育时期,由非进行性脑损伤所导致的综合征,是小儿神经系统常见的病症之一。

许多原因均可引起脑瘫,临床上主要包括新生儿颅内出血和缺氧缺血性脑病,两者是引起新生儿死亡或致残的重要原因。

本实验通过复制新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑病模型,观察其发病过程中脑微循环血流量,脑组织含水量、一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量的变化与脑组织的损伤关系,探讨缺氧缺血性脑病的发病机制,为临床防治提供理论依据。

【总页数】2页(P154-155)【作者】丁春华;张少丹;裴林;张君岚;刘晓明;凌亦凌【作者单位】河北医科大学基础医学院病理生理学教研室;河北省人民医院;河北省中医药研究所;河北医科大学基础医学院病理生理学教研室;河北省中医院;河北医科大学基础医学院病理生理学教研室【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R720.2【相关文献】1.新生大鼠缺血缺氧性脑病时脑微循环血流及一氧化氮的变化 [J], 丁春华;张少丹;张君岚;凌亦凌2.新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病脑血流动力学变化与血浆内皮素-1、一氧化氮的关系 [J], 万致婷;王云霞;杨淑文;卢红艳;盛红;周玉香;镇春先;陈瑾3.蒲金口服液对缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生大鼠一氧化氮合酶的影响 [J], 马丙祥;赵向;琚玮;黄甡;王又红;段晓颖4.脑欣口服液对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤谷氨酸、一氧化氮合酶、钙离子影响的实验研究 [J], 罗世杰;尹杰;苏保宁;张卉;林源;刘晓萍(指导)5.亚低温对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤大脑皮质神经元一氧化氮合酶表达及血糖水平的影响 [J], 李占魁;李瑞林;郭亚乐;苏宝山;黄绍平;周熙惠因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。

尿道下裂患者的活化转录因子3的上调

尿道下裂患者的活化转录因子3的上调

尿道下裂患者的活化转录因子3的上调高蕊【期刊名称】《世界核心医学期刊文摘:儿科学分册》【年(卷),期】2006(0)A10【摘要】Hypospadias is a congenital anomaly of the genitalia characterized by abnormalities of the urethra and foreskin, with the urethral meatus located in an abnormal position anywhere from the distal ventral penile shaft to the perineum. Because the incidence of hypospadias is approximately 1/200- 1/300 live male births, it is one of the most common congenital malformations, but its etiology is largely uncharacterized. Genomic analysis of hypospadic tissue indicated a potential role for activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in the development of this anomaly. ATF3 may be involved in homeostasis, wound healing, cell adhesion, or apoptosis, and normally it is expressed at a steady- state in quiescent cells. Additionally, it has been shown to be an estrogen- responsive gene, and the etiology of hypospadias may be related to in utero exposure to estrogenic or anti- androgenic compounds. We examined the expression of ATF3 in tissues from 28 children with hypospadias compared with 20 normal penile skin tissue samples from elective circumcision. Eighty- six percent of the hypospadias samples were immunohistochemically positive, compared with 13% of normal tissue samples. Seventy- five percent of hypospadias samples were positive fromin situ hybridization, compared with 1% of circumcision samples. Our results indicate that ATF3 is up- regulated in the penile skin tissues of boys with hypospadias, suggesting a role for this transcription factor in the development of this abnormality. Because the etiology of hypospadias may include exposure to estrogenic compounds, the responsiveness of ATF3 to estrogen is also discussed.【总页数】2页(P54-55)【关键词】尿道下裂;转录因子;尿道开口;阴茎腹侧;阴茎皮肤;生殖器畸形;细胞黏附;包皮环切;抗雄激素;静止期细【作者】高蕊【作者单位】【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R726.9【相关文献】1.结直肠癌患者凋亡蛋白酶活化因子1、ARF抑癌基因和RUNT相关转录因子3基因甲基化标志物研究 [J], 孙然;陈丽波;李长锋2.狼疮肾炎患者尿蛋白通过p38丝裂素活化蛋白激酶信号途径刺激近端肾小管上皮细胞上调表达骨调素 [J], 刘冠贤;邓安国;刘建社;段文娟;文琼;骆宁;李晓艳;余学清3.O2·-和H2O2表达上调对2型糖尿病患者血小板异常活化的影响 [J], 陈菲;罗创华;卢汉平;周倜;杨中汉;杨霞;高国全;齐炜炜4.COPD患者肺组织中活化转录因子对γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合酶的影响 [J], 徐影; 云俊杰5.超声引导下介入治疗对卵巢巧克力囊肿患者血清转录因子活化蛋白激酶B、糖类抗原125、白细胞介素-6的影响 [J], 肖丽珍;方锋凯;陈开良因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。

医学院校研究生英语读与写(第三版)词汇题与完形整理

医学院校研究生英语读与写(第三版)词汇题与完形整理

The doctor patient-relationship is the foundation of modern medical ethics. What will be the touchstone the profession may need with the charge of the doctor-relationship? 医患关系是现代医德的基础。

在医生关系的管理上,这个行业可能需要什么样的试金石?First of all, instead of governing the doctor-patient relationship by altrusim and fidelity, more patients and doctors meet each other while under contract than ever before and usually neither has truly free choice in the matter. 首先,与以往任何时候相比,更多的病人和医生在合同期内见面,而不是通过高视阔步和忠诚来管理医患关系,在这件事上,他们通常医生来说是很少见的,因为他们需要与成对和不成对的医生按照小组安排来照顾同一个家庭的几代人,并由管理式医疗计划选择和取消选择。

Thirdly, the information learned from or about the patient seems to be wide open and confidentiality of medical records seems like food for earthworms. Medical practice in no longer personal and the managed care's ethical foundation is population-based.第三,从病人身上学到的或关于病人的信息似乎是公开的,医疗记录的保密性似乎是蚯蚓的食物。

《临床常见疾病:医学英语文献阅读》读书笔记模板

《临床常见疾病:医学英语文献阅读》读书笔记模板

Section Two: Internal Disease第二部分内科疾病
21. Arrhythmia (Heart Rhythm Disorders)心律失常 22. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)冠心病 23. Hypertension/High Blood Pressure高血压病 24. Heart Failure心力衰竭 25. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)急性呼吸窘迫综合征 26. Asthma哮喘 27. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)慢性阻塞肺疾病 28. Pneumonia肺炎 29. Respiratory Failure呼吸衰竭
Section Five: Cancer第五部分恶性肿瘤
66. Breast Cancer乳腺癌 67. Esophagus Cancer食管癌 68. Liver Cancer肝癌 69. Stomach Cancer胃癌 70. Colorectal Cancer结直肠癌 71. Lung Cancer肺癌 72. Cervical Cancer宫颈癌 73. Ovarian Cancer卵巢癌 74. Bladder Cancer膀胱癌
Section Three: Obstetrical and Gynecological Disease第三 部分
59. Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding功能失调性子宫出血
60. Ectopic Pregnancy异位妊娠
Section Four: Pediatric Disease第四部分儿科疾病
目录分析
前言 Introduction

通心络对动脉硬化兔胸主动脉LOX-1表达干预的实验研究

通心络对动脉硬化兔胸主动脉LOX-1表达干预的实验研究
rabbit s w ere random ly divided e xp lo re the effec t of To ng Xin L uo on the gene and p ro te in exp ression of in to three group s: no rm a l die t group、 hype rcho lesterol diet group、 1 in aor ta of a theroscle ro tic rabbits and in m echnism . m ethod s: Tw enty2 lox 2 four m a le N ew Zea land w h ite hype rcho lesterol diet p lus Tong Xin L uo group , the p ro tein e xp ression of lox 2 1 in aor ta of rabbits w as exam ined 1 in ao rta of rabbits w as exam ined by R T 2 by i m m unohistochem istry , the gene exp re ssion of lox 2 PCR . R e sults: T he gene and prote in exp ression levels of lox 2 1 in hype rchole ste ro l diet g roup and hype rcho lestero l die t p lu s Tong Xin L uo group w er e sign if icant h ighe r than tho se in of no rm al d ie t ( P < 0. 05 ) , the gene and p ro tein exp re ssion leve ls of lox 21 in hype rchole sterol diet p lus Tong X in L uo group w e re sign if ica nt low er than tho se in 1 in ao rta of hype rcho lesterol die t g roup (P < 0. 05). Conclu sions: the gene and p ro tein exp re ssion leve ls of lox 2 a the ro sc lerot ic ra bb its strongly increa sed, Tong Xin L uo could st rongly inh ibit the gene and p ro tein exp ression in aor ta of a the ro sc lerot ic ra bb its.

医学研究生英语读与写作文答案

医学研究生英语读与写作文答案

医学研究生英语读与写作文答案医学研究生英语读与写作文答案如下:1. The Importance of Communication in HealthcareEffective communication is of utmost importance in the field of healthcare. It is crucial for healthcare professionals to communicate clearly and efficiently with patients, their families, and colleagues in order to provide the best possible care.Effective communication helps to build trust and establish a strong patient-provider relationship. When healthcare professionals listen attentively and communicate clearly, patients feel more comfortable expressing their concerns and asking questions. This leads to a better understanding of the patient's condition, resulting in more accurate diagnoses and appropriate treatment plans.Furthermore, effective communication among healthcare professionals is essential for collaboration and coordination of care. In a multidisciplinary team, good communication ensures that all team members are well-informed and aware of each other's roles and responsibilities. This improves the overall quality of care and patient outcomes.In addition, clear communication with patients and their families regarding their treatment plans, medications, and potential risks is crucial for patient safety. Misunderstandings or lack of information can have serious consequences. Therefore, healthcare professionals should strive to communicate in a language that patients can understand, avoiding medical jargon and using visual aids ifnecessary.In conclusion, effective communication plays a vital role in healthcare. It helps to establish trust, improve patient understanding, and enhance collaboration among healthcare professionals. By prioritizing communication skills, healthcare professionals can ensure the delivery of high-quality, patient-centered care.2. The Role of Research in Advancing Medical KnowledgeResearch plays a critical role in advancing medical knowledge and improving patient care. It allows healthcare professionals to explore new treatments, diagnose diseases more accurately, and develop innovative healthcare technologies.Firstly, research helps to identify gaps in current medical knowledge and provides a basis for further investigation. Through rigorous scientific studies, researchers can gather evidence and contribute to the understanding of various diseases, their causes, and potential treatment options. This knowledge is invaluable in improving patient outcomes and developing more effective interventions.Secondly, research allows for the evaluation of existing treatments and interventions. By comparing different treatment options, researchers can determine their safety, efficacy, and potential side effects. This information helps healthcare professionals make informed decisions when developing treatment plans and recommending therapies to their patients.Furthermore, research drives the development of new technologies and diagnostic tools. Medical breakthroughs such as the discovery of antibiotics, vaccines, and advanced imaging techniques are all results of rigorous scientific research. These advancements have revolutionized healthcare and greatly improved patient outcomes.Moreover, research promotes evidence-based practice. By conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses, researchers can synthesize existing evidence and establish best practice guidelines. This ensures that healthcare professionals are providing the most effective and up-to-date care to their patients.In conclusion, research is essential for advancing medical knowledge and improving patient care. It helps to identify knowledge gaps, evaluate treatments, develop innovative technologies, and promote evidence-based practice. By investing in research endeavors, healthcare professionals can continuously enhance the quality and effectiveness of healthcare delivery.。

超声下肺腺癌血流分级与肿瘤组织MVD、VEGF、HIF-1α表达及临床分期的关系及其意义

超声下肺腺癌血流分级与肿瘤组织MVD、VEGF、HIF-1α表达及临床分期的关系及其意义
疗、化疗及手术治疗等任何形式的治疗者;④ 临床资
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心、肝、肾等重要器官疾病者。
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癌 TNM 分期、肿瘤组织分化情况;收集患者肿瘤血
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•获取该课题的重要文献的信息 •获取该研究领域中的高影响力学者的信息 •获取文献中实验相关的事实性数据 •获取该研究领域中的热点课题、最新进展 •研究成果如何向某种学术期刊投稿发表,
如何提高论文的引用
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SCI的作用
• 各学科核心期刊收录及影响因子报道 • 论文收录及引用检索报告:职称申报/院士 申请 • 申报项目、博硕士毕业生论文开题等查新 • 科研成果的评价与分析:院系、学科科研 成果评估、科研投入与产出评估/决策 • 项目验收或成果鉴定:国家科学基金和国 家青年基金结题
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怎样阅读 摘要?
• 摘要的组成: • 背景,方法,结果,结论。 课题设计式阅读法 • (1)先阅读标题,作者和单位。 • (2) what?--Conclusion • (3) Why?--background, Unkown • (4) How?--Method • (5) More?--Any comments, new ideas.

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PubMed的特点
• 免费提供题录和文摘 • 可与提供原文的网址链接 (部分免费获取) • 提供检索词自动转换匹配 • 操作简便、快捷
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My NCBI Searches to EMail
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PUBMED查询最新文献,并建立自己的搜索 关键词,自动发送到邮箱阅读
• 1. 点击: 2. 点击右上角“My NCBI”,--“Register for an account”,填写用户名和Email 地址后完成注册。 3. 点击右上角“My NCBI”用你的用户名和密 码登陆。 4. 在Pubmed搜索框内输入你感兴趣的关键词, 可以用limits对检索结果进行限制,最后点击 “Save Search”,保存为一个检索名,然后选择 “Yes, every day.”,Report format:选择 “Everyday”,Send at most: 50 items。-点击 “Save”,完成。这样你的email将每天接到你 设定的关键词的最新文章摘要。
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稿约
(5)多长时间后能决定可否录用 (6)采取何种体例格式?如:页边距、纸张大 小、文献和图表的体例,等. (7)如果稿件中涉及对人或动物所作的实验, 则需弄清楚拟投稿期刊在伦理方面有哪些 具体要求。
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• (8)采用国际计量单位制(SI)对于某些特殊单位(如 货币单位)或某些非SI的单位(如英制单位),如果 对某些读者有帮助,也可在圆括号里附注用相关 单位所表示的数值。例如:Since 1999,the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC) has been allocating each year ¥ 3 million (about £ 220,000)to support scientific journal
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作者投稿指南
(INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS) /lib/instr/libinsta.htm l
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查找外文期刊稿约
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论文被SCI收录的意义
• 目前国内多数大学、研究机构在教学科研、 基金资助、成果申报、晋级考评、甚至职称 评审等项工作中主要以SCI、SSCI、EI、 ISTP等四大检索工具为依据; • 国家科学基金和国家青年基金申报等活动也 以这几大权威检索工具的查询结果为必备条 件。 • SCI已经成为国内大学教学科研水平评估的 一项重要指标,每年度所发表的的论文中被 SCI收录数量的多少越来越受到关注。
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投稿途径
5.争取论文进入国际会议论文集 国际重要检索系统都收录国际会议论 文集,还收录一些国际上的主要的学术团 体、学会、协会和研讨会的会议录 。 积极参加国际学术会议,并积极投稿。 我国科技人员在国外举办的国际会议 上发表论文占被收录论文总数64.44%。
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投稿途径
5.争取论文进入国际会议论文集 在投稿前一定要检索SCI、EI、 ISTP数据库,大部分国际会议是每年或 连续召开的,如果以前的会议已被SCI、 EI、ISTP收录,现在召开的会议肯定会 被收录。
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Preparing to Write
What Do Journal Editors Want?
A report of work that is… • Important • Original • Truthful • Complete • Accurate • Relevant to the journal’s readers
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Preparing to Write
Which journal or review body?
General interest vs specific audience How long to publication?
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投稿途径
分析我国被国际重要检索系统收录 论文的语种和国别分布情况: 1.我国科技人员在美国、英国、荷 兰、瑞士及中国发表的论文较多。 2.从宏观策略来讲,我国科技人员 可以考虑加强对美、英、德、日、法、 加拿大、澳大利亚等国家期刊的投稿, 特别是日本。 3.不要忽略美国州和地区性期刊 。
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发表候选杂志查询
• /jane/
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Preparing to Write
Review the “Instructions to Authors”
Typical format (organization, font)
Length guidelines
Courtesy to Pamela Derish from University of California, San Francisco
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The Nuts & Bolts of Scientific Writing: The Elements Preparing to Write Writing Revising
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了解本专业的权威SCI杂志
• 比如:心血管专业 Circulation Circulation Research JACC 心律失常亚专业 Heart Rhythm Circul)所属国家 生物技术信息中心(NCBI) 建立;
/pubmed/
Use of abbreviations Reference style Specifications for figures and tables
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外文稿约的查找
• 给读者提供准备稿件的指南,从而使得稿 件更容易、快捷和正确地发表. • 作者在准备稿件时必须了解,即使拟投稿 的期刊是作者经常阅读的,并且作者也熟 知该期刊所包括的研究领域和论文类型, 还是必须在投稿前阅读该期刊的“作者须 知”。
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投稿途径
4.初学者向SCI投稿,可选择向小 国家、影响因子比较低的国家期刊投 稿如印度、新西兰、克罗地亚、巴西、 爱尔兰、匈牙利、南非、奥地利、挪 威、丹麦、苏格兰、波兰、韩国、斯 洛伐克等国家的期刊投稿。
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投稿途径
5.向电子期刊投稿(无印刷版) SCI、SSCI均收录电子期刊(无 印刷版),大约有50多种。
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Preparing to Write
Who Reads Research Articles?
scientists who work in your field scientists who are reading outside their discipline students who are learning about your field scientists whose native language is NOT English
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怎样阅读 全文
• • • • • 不要逐字阅读 选择需要的读 批判地读 展望地读-有何启示 做笔记
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如何做笔记-建立个人数据库
• Endnote • Biblioscape (查阅丁香园 的使用说明和技巧)
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医学英语文章 写作
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Is there a problem with scientific writing? How important is it to be able to write well?
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Preparing to Write
Make an outline or plan
Organize your thoughts on paper.
• what you have that is worth writing
• Outline key results and the data, figures, and tables that support them • determine what important, what can be omitted.
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稿约
• (9)其他,如对语言的要求(采用英国 英语拼写还是美国英语拼写)、所推荐 的词典或文体指南、有关缩写和术语方 面的规定。 • 以上内容中大部分是作者在准备稿件时 必须了解的,否则,稿件有可能被简单 的退回,理由是“不符合本刊的投稿要 求”。
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生物医学期刊投稿的统一要求
• 作为对期刊投稿的一般性了解,作者可阅读一些具 广泛意义的投稿要求,例如,被生物医学类期刊广泛 采用的“生物医学期刊投稿的统一要求” () • 内容包括:投稿前应考虑的因素(重复发表问题、 对病人权利和隐私的保护等);稿件的准备(基本 的投稿要求、标题页、作者、摘要和关键词、引 言、方法、结果、讨论、参考文献、图、表等); 量和单位;缩写与符号;利益冲突;保密;同行评议; 等等。
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