中考英语阅读理解分类解读
中考英语阅读理解分类解读
一、人物故事类
【命题趋势】
人物故事以记述人物生平故事为主。体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。近年来，人物传记类阅读文章在高中阅读理解题中有所减
少。
【应试对策】
人物故事类文章多为记叙文，为了支撑所要描述的人物，短语往往会出现大量细节，这些细节有时很直接，理解字面意思即可，有时则很间接，需要综合、归纳、推理才能判断。准确理解细节是做好这类题的关键。那么，怎样准确理解细节呢？
首先，从问题中找到关键词；然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅的技巧在文中迅速找细节；找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读，认真比较选项和文中细节的区别；最后，在正确理解细
节的前提下，确定最佳答案。
【典型考题】
(1)
When we asked students what they want to be, they often
talk about unusual jobs, things like teachers and doctors. But if you think about it, many people don’t plan to do their jobs. They just start doing them by accident. We have talked to two people with unusual jobs.
Emily is a dentist but she doesn’t work with people. She works with horses. After university she took care of animal’s health for several years, but she notices that there were few people who could help horse s’ teeth. She deicide to go to college and study again. Then she had to buy special tools, but she is never out of work. She’d always very busy taking care of horses’ teeth. “I couldn’t be a dentist for people now,” Emily said, “because I really enjoy working with horses.”
As soon as David could read, he read books about robots, but the robots he build today don’t look like the strange robot people in his books. He build robots for industry. Early one he made up his mind to study math, science and computers so that he could break into the world of robot engineering. “Some of the math is very difficult.” say David, “but you must study math to be an engineer.” Fortunately he got top marks in all his math exams.
1. Emily doesn’t want to be a dentist because _________.
A. the pay is low
B. she has to buy special
tools
C. she will be out of work
D. she likes working with horses
2. To become a robot engineer, David _________.
A. need to worry
B. bought a lot of robots
C. had to study hard
D. didn’t have to go to college
3. David got top marks in all his math exams, although
_________.
A. math was not easy to study
B. he has to study math to be an engineer
C. he could break into the world of robot engineering
D. he made up his mind to study math, science and computers
（2008年天津市初中毕业生学业考试试卷）
（2）
One day when Jack was walking in the park, he saw a woman, who lived a few miles away, sitting on a bench with a dog beside her. The dog was looking up at the woman.
Jack walked up to the woman and said, "Hello, Sue, how are you? May I sit and talk with you for a while?" "Of course, please sit down," Sue said. Jack sat down next to Sue on the bench, and they talked quietly together. The dog continued to look up at
Sue, as if waiting to be fed.
"That's a nice dog, isn't he?" Jack said, pointing at the animal.
"Yes, he is. He's handsome. He's a bit of a mixture, but that's not a bad thing. He's strong and healthy."
"And hungry, "Jack said." He hasn't taken his eyes off you. He thinks you've got some food for him."
"That's true, "Sue said." But I haven't."
They both laughed and then Jack said, "Does your dog bite?"
"No, "Sue said, "He's never bitten anyone. He's always gentle and friendly."
Hearing this, Jack decided to hold out his hand and touched the animal's head. Suddenly it jumped up and bit him.
"Hey!" Jack shouted." You said your dog didn't bite."
Sue replied in surprise, "Yeah, I did. But this is not my dog. My dog's at home."
4.The dog looked at the woman because _________.
A. the woman wanted to feed him
B. the woman was friendly
C. he was strong and healthy
D. he was hungry
5.Jack and Sue were _________.
A. friends
B. next-door neighbors
C. strangers
D. in the same family
6. Jack touched the dog because he believed _________.
A. the dog was handsome
B. Sue's dog was unfriendly
C. the dog belonged to Sue
D. Sue's dog was at home
7.We can infer form the passage that _________.
A. Sue gave a wrong answer
B. Jack made a mistake
C. the dog wasn't dangerous
D. both Jack and Sue liked the dog
8. Which of the Following can be the best title of the passage?
A. A Wrong Question
B. Sue's Dog
C. A pleasant Meeting
D. Sue's Friend
（2008年武汉市初中毕业生学业考试）
参考答案：1~5 DCA DA 6~8 CBA
二、社会文化类
【命题趋势】
语言是社会文化的重要载体。学习英语的目的之一就是“提
高初步运用英语进行交际的能力，增强对外国文化，特别是英语国家文化的了解”。因此，社会文化类试题出现在高考试卷
中是必然的。社会文化类文章的命题有以下趋势：
1.以中西文化差异作为选材的重点。如礼仪、语言、生活习惯、世界观、价值观等为主题。题材涉及社会、文化、教育、体
育等方面的内容。
2.一般一篇文章一个主题。以议论文、记叙文居多。
3.命题方面，既重主旨把握，又重特定细节，时有推断。
【应试对策】
对英语语言、社会、文化的了解是一个长期的过程，在复
习时要注意：
1.重视英语词汇、语法和习惯用法的掌握。
在复习过程加强对语言基础知识的掌握。对于普通中学毕业生来说，应具备2000－3500的词汇量，并掌握其词类、意思和基本用法。掌握句子结构和句子成分之间的关系。熟悉固定
词组、固定搭配等约定俗成的语法项目。
2.扩展文化背景知识，认真研读历届高考题。
从近五年的高考题看，阅读内容的社会实用性越来越强，更重视语言和文化的关系，阅读材料会更多地涉及社会化背景知识。因此，要通过阅读更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，要通过
阅读更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。
同时，要认真研读近五年的高考篇目，增加语言经验，适应
选材特点，熟悉题材和体裁。了解设问形式，感悟设问特点。
3.广泛涉猎，丰富消遣阅读。
【典型考题】
（1）
第一节：阅读短文，根据其内容，选择最佳选项完成下列各题。（10分）
Beijing Opera is also called Peking Opera. It came into being after 1790 when the famous four Anhui opera troupes(戏班) came to Beijing. Its music and singing(唱腔) come from Xipi and Erhuang in Anhui and Hubei. Its costumes are all fascinating and artistic. It is the highest expression of the Chinese culture. It’s full of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, and wonderful gestures and fighting. This kind of opera is very popular with Chinese people.
There are four main roles in Beijing Opera: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou. Sheng is the leading male(男性) actor. For example, a Wusheng is a soldier or fighter. A Xiaosheng is a young man. A Laosheng is an old man. Dan is the female(女性) role. Jing, mostly male, is the face-painted role and Chou is the comedy actor or clown.
Stories in Beijing Opera are very interesting. Some of them are from the history book, but most of them are from the literature, especially famous novels. The people in the story usually have some disagreements. They become angry and unhappy. They are sad and lonely. Sometimes they are nervous and worried. Then they find a way to make peace. The stories usually end with happiness and laughter and people are all happy in the end.
( )56. Beijing Opera’s singing is from _________.
A. Anhui and Hubei
B. Beijing and Anhui
C. the history book
D. the literature and
novels
( )57. The second paragraph(段落) of the reading is about the _________ of Beijing Opera.
A. stories
B. roles
C. gestures
D. paintings
( )58. From the reading, we know the role Chou most
probably has a (n) _________ feature.
A. honest
B. funny
C. dull
D.
serious
( ) 59. Which of the following is the role Sheng?
A. B. C. D.
( ) 60. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Peking Opera is full of different gestures.
B. There are only four roles in Beijing Opera.
C. Beijing Opera is the most popular in the world.
D. The people in the story usually are in agreement.
第二节：阅读短文，根据其内容，选择最佳选项完成下列各题。（10分）
October 16 is World Food Day. This day is also the anniversary(纪念日) of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)(联合国粮农组织).More than 100 countries are holding special events. All of these aim to celebrate the establishment of the FAO in 1945. The theme chosen for this
year’s World Food Day is “Water: Source(资源) of Food Security”.
A UN report says that over 6 million people have died from hunger and related diseases so far this year alone. More than 850 million people, or about one in seven, around the world do not get enough food, and the need for food will increase as the world’s population grows. The UN also reports that by year 2030, the world may need 60% more food. Most of that increase will have to come from agriculture supported by water irrigation(灌溉). However, fresh water is already in short supply in many countries.
Jacques Diouf, the director of the FAO, says that there are 20 countries that do not have enough water to produce enough food for their populations. Ten nations use more than 40% of their total fresh water for agriculture. He fears that the problem will only become worse as the need for water by people and by industry grows. So water is one of the most important things in the world today.
( ) 61. The underlined(画线的) word “establishment” has the same meaning as _________.
A. picking up
B. making up
C. cutting
up D. setting up
( ) 62. In the world, more than _________ people have died because of hunger this year.
A. 6 million
B. 2 million
C. 850 million
D.
100 million
( ) 63. What Mr. Diouf says shows that he most worries about_________.
A. the future of the FAO
B. the short of water
C. the overgrowth of population
D. the
development of the environment
( ) 64. The reading above implies(暗示) that _________.
A. fresh water for us is quite enough
B. the world’s
population is getting smaller
C. we will need more water to irrigate
D. industry is the
most important thing today
( ) 65. The passage is mainly about _________.
A. how to celebrate World Food Day
B. the increase of
food in many countries
C. the importance of water for food
D. the UN Food
and Agriculture Organization
（湖北省十堰市2008年初中毕业生学业考试）（2）
Bargaining is the rule here in Beijing. At least, it is so in most markets and back-street clothes shops. Bargaining is an art and if you are unfamiliar(不熟悉) with it, we'd like to offer you some advice. The tips(窍门) here are often used in Beijing but may help you at any place in the world where bargaining is practiced.
DO NOT say how much you want to pay for an item(物品) unless it’s near the end of the bargaining. Always try and drop the seller's offering price as much as possible before opening your mouth with a price.
DO throw out really low prices like 10 RMB with a big smile.
DO keep smiling from the beginning to the end. The seller usually continues bargaining with a happy smiling face. Getting angry hardly gets you the price you want.
KEEP in mind the price offered by the seller at the beginning is usually at least 40% over the generally reasonable price. It can be up to 500% over.
DO have an idea of what the item costs. You can ask your friends, people in the hotel or others you know, or look at the list below. This is very general and is based(根据) on a market like Xiu Shui. You may not be able to get the lowest prices at Xiu Shui, especially on a weekend when there are lots of tourists around.
56. Who is this passage written for?
A. Owners of back-street shops.
B. Businessmen in Beijing.
C. Those who are good at bargaining.
D. Those who travel in Beijing.
57. What is the topic the writer is mainly talking about in this passage?
A. Beijing markets.
B. Bargaining tips.
C. Lowest price s.
D. Seller’s offer.
58. What is the most important thing to do in bargaining with the seller?
A. Keep smiling.
B. Be patient.
C. Don’t get angry.
D. Don’t say anything.
59. What is NOT included in the tips often used to bargain in Beijing?
A. Find out the true price and go to the markets with friends.
B. Don’t offer your price until the end of the bargaining with a smile.
C. Drop the seller’s offering price four or five times（倍）until he agrees.
D. Don’t go to markets at the time when there are too many tourists.
60. Which of the following can help you get an item you want at the lowest price?
A. Whenever you go shopping, take a price list with you.
B. You can bargain for anything at the price of 10 RMB.
C. The price range(范围) for you to bargain is usually between 40% and 500%.
D. Xiu Shui Market is the biggest shopping center where prices are always reasonable.
（2008年湖北省宜昌市初中毕业生学业考试）
（3）
C. Choose the best answer（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案): ( 6分)
The tradition of birthday parties started a long
time ago. There are some traditions that you can
find almost anywhere, anytime, such as sending
birthday cards, blowing out the candles on a birthday cake and singing the ‘Happy Birthday’ song. Others are only found for certain ages and in certain countries.
In China, on a child’s second birthday, family members put many things on the floor around the child. According to Chinese tradition, the first thing that the child picks up tells you what profession the child will choose later in life.
For Japanese children, the third, fifth and seventh birthdays
are especially important. At this age, there is a special celebration Shichi-Go-San (seven, five, three in Japanese) when children go to the temple wearing a new kimono (和服). The priest (僧侣) gives them special sweets, and the parents usually organize a party for their friends in their home.
In Argentina, Mexico and several other Latin American countries, girls have a special birthday celebration when they reach the age of fifteen. After a special ceremony (仪式), the girls dance a waltz with their father and other boys.
Eighteen is the traditional ‘coming of age’— the age when (in many countries) you have the right to vote (选举), join the army and (in Britain) drink alcohol or buy a house.
In many English-speaking countries, a twenty-first birthday cake often has a key on top, or the cake itself is sometimes in the shape of a key. The key means that the young person is now old enough to leave and enter the family home at any time they want to!
84. Which of the following birthday traditions can be found almost anywhere, anytime?
A) Putting many things on the floor. B) Wearing a new kimono.
C) Dancing a waltz. D) Sending
birthday cards.
85. The _________ usually organize a party at children’s special birthday celebration in Japan.
A) priests B) parents C) friends D) relatives
86. Mexican girls have a special birthday celebration at the age of _________.
A) five B) seven C) fifteen D) twenty-one
87. In many countries you can _________ when you reach the age of
eighteen.
A) join the army B) have a key
C) have a special ceremony D) have special sweets
88. Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
A) The tradition of birthday parties started a long time ago.
B) Some birthday traditions are only found in certain countries.
C) You become the owner of your house at the age of fifteen.
D) In many countries you have the right to vote at the age of eighteen.
89. Which is the best title of this passage?
A) Birthday Traditions around the World
B) Chinese Birthday Celebrations
C) Japanese Special Celebration
D) The Drinking Age in Many Countries
（2008年上海市初中毕业生统一学业考试）
（4）
You may have known several kinds of police, traffic police, and street police. But have you ever heard of energy-saving(节能) policemen ?
A group of 22 of these new policemen went to work last week in Beijing. They go around the city to see the use of energy in hotels, office buildings, shopping centers and onther public places. One of their aims is to make sure that these sites have set their air conditioning(空调) no cooler than 26 ℃.
They also set up a special phone line so that people can tell them which buildings fail to follow the rule.
“If everyone sets their air conditioning at 26 ℃, Beijing will save 400 million kilowatt-hours of electricity in one summer. That’s one-third of all the usage of the city in the season,” said a TV advertisement.
Other Chinese cities, like Wuhan in Hubei Province and Yangzhou in Jiangsu Province, are going to follow Beijing’s steps in setting up a similar police team.
As one of the fastest developing countries, China is using a
lot of energy. This has a great effect on the country’s environment and limited energy.
From 1986 to 2005, the country experienced 20 warm winters continuously. Numbers show that Chinese cities have to spend billion of yuan solving(解决) environmental problems every year.
At the beginning of this month, China made its first action plan to fight pollution. It aims to reduce energy usage by 20％and increase renewable energy up to 10％from 7％by 2010.
To introduce the public to a green life, last week Beijing held a show on energy-saving technology and productions. Environment-friendly machines, such as a vending machine that helps colllect used bottles, have attracted lots of attention.
“We want to tell people that there are certain ways to protect the environment. Each of us can find effective ways to do it in our daily lives,” said Liu Qianguang, an environmental engineer in Beijing.
61. The job of the energy-saving policemen is _________ .
A. to set the air conditioning cooler
B. to check the use of energy in public places
C. to set up a special phone line
D. to make sure that more energy will be produced
62. Beijing will use _________ million kilowatt-hours electricity in one summer.
A. 1200
B. 800
C. 400
D. 133
63. Which of the following years’ winters were all warm in China ?
A. 1984-1988.
B. 1999-2003
C.
2002-2006. D. 2005-2009.
64. In the year 2010 China’s energy usage is going to be cut by _________ .
A. 20 ％
B.10 ％
C. 7 ％
D. 17 ％
65.According to Liu Qianguang, _________ .
A. there is few ways to protect the environment
B. it’s difficult to find good ways to save energy
C. it’s easy for one to do something good for the environment
D. it’s not easy for one to do something good for the environment
参考答案：ABBDADABCCDBAACDBCACABABAC
（广东省茂名市2008年初中毕业学业考试与高中阶段学校招生考试）
三、逸闻趣事类：
【命题趋势】
逸闻趣事以日常生活中的事情入手，描述一些鲜为人知的事。幽默故事是其主要内容。选材多来源于日常生活，给人似曾相识之感，但随着故事的发展、展开、结束，给人以意外的感
觉。逸闻趣事类文章有以下趋势：
1.特点：文章简短，描述一个片断。
2.命题：多考查对事件的发生、发展和结局进行合理的推
断。
3.选材：描述“另类”，标新立异。
【应试对策】
1.阅读这种文章，应特别注意对人物的外貌、语言、动作和
思想的描写，从而把握人物性格特点和作者的情感态度。
2.若是叙述性的文章，要读懂起因、经过、结果。若是故事性文章应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮、结局。它们是我们读懂
趣闻逸事所必需的。
3.若是幽默故事，应体会风趣的对话、特别的动作，它们是
幽默的精髓。
【典型考题】
（1）
One day, Bruce played in front of a house. A woman came up and asked Bruce, “Little boy, is your mother at home?”
“Yes, she is,” answered the boy.
Then the woman went over to ring the bell. The bell rang and rang, but no one came to open the door. The woman got angry and called out to him, “You told me your mother was at home, didn’t you?”
“Yes,” the boy answered. “My mother is at home, but this isn’t my home.”
1.One day, Bruce played _________.
A. in a park
B. in the street
C. in front of a shop
D. in front of a house
2.The woman wanted to see _________.
A. Bruce’s mother
B. Bruce’s father
C. Bruce himself
D. nobody
3.The woman went over to _________ after she talked with Bruce.
A. knock at the door of the house
B. ring the bell of the house
C. give a call to his mother
D. ask his mother some questions
4.The woman got _________ because no. one came to open the door.
A. pleased
B. surprised
C. angry
D. afraid
5.In the story the woman didn’t find Bruce’s mother because _________.
A. she went to the wrong house
B. she didn’t know Bruce’s mother
C. Bruce was not at home
D. Bruce didn’t have a mother
（北京朝阳区2008中考英语试卷）
参考答案：45．D 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．A
（2）
Once there was a baby eagle living in a nest (巢)on a cliff(山崖).The baby eagle loved his nest. It was warm, soft and comfortable. And even better, he had all the food and love that his mother could give. Whenever the baby eagle was hungry, his mother would always come just in time with the delicious food he liked.
He was growing happily day after day. But suddenly his world changed. His mother stopped coming to the nest. He was full of sadness and fear. He thought he would die soon. He cried, but nobody heard him.
Two days later his mother appeared with some nice food, The baby eagle was wild with joy. But his mother put the food at the top of the mountain and then looked down at her baby. The baby eagle cried out. “Mum, why did you do this to me? I’m hungry. Don’t you know I will die if I have nothing to eat?”
Here is the last meal I give you. Come and get it by yourself,”his mother said. Then she flew down and pushed the baby eagle out of the nest.
The baby eagle fell down, faster and faster. He looked up at his mum,“Why do you abandon me?”He looked down at the earth. The ground was much closer. Then something strange happened. The air caught behind his arms and he began to fly! He wasn’t moving to the ground any more. Instead, his eyes were pointed up at the sun.
“You are flying! You can make it!”His mother smiled.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，将其标号填入题前括号内。
6.Which of the following is TRUE about the baby eagle’s life before his mother stopped coming to the nest?
A. He lived in a nest in the tree.
B. His mother offered him nice food.
C. He was always cold and hungry.
D. He lived very happily with friend.
7. How old the baby eagle feel as soon as he saw his mother coming again?
A. Sad.
B. Happy.
C. Afraid.
D. Angry.
8. What did the baby eagle’s mother do when she came the last time?
A. She put some food in the nest.
B. She just came to see him again.
C. She shouted at her baby eagle and flew away.
D. She pushed her baby eagle out of the nest.
9. What does the word “abandon”mean?
A.抛弃
B.保护
C.歧视
D.拯救
10. We can infer(推断)from the story that _________.
A. The baby eagle lost his mother
B. The baby eagle feel down and died
C. The baby eagle could get food himself
D. The baby eagle was still angry with his mother
（2008年河南省初中毕业生学业暨高级中等学校招生考试试卷）
参考答案：46~50 BBDAC
（3）
When I was 16 years ago a boy gave me an important gift. It was a smile.
It was the early autumn of my first year at a junior high school, and my old school was far
away. As a result, no one knew who I was. I was very lonely, and
最新中考英语阅读理解答题方法指导2016
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中考英语阅读理解-说明文篇（ 1） （1） This August ， we’ llwelcome guests from all over the world ．Some of them follow their own special cultural traditions ． It ’ s important for us to know about them． ◆In many countries ，such as Thailand，India and Malaysia ，people believe that the left hand is unclean ．So，it ’ s not proper to use one’ s left hand to，holdtouchfoodothers or pass objects．Doing so may offend certain guests． ◆ Some Westerners may be offended if yon touch them or their personal things—even by accident．If this happens， say sorry politely ． ◆ Some elderly Westerners may be offended if you try to help them without their agreement． ◆People think numbers can be lucky or unlucky ． Some Westerners avoid the number 13 because they believe it is unlucky ． ◆Muslims( 穆斯林 ) do not eat pork ，and words like pigs are not considered proper ． ◆People from Brazil ， Italy and Pakistan do not give handkerchiefs( 手帕 ) as gifts ． They believe a handkerchief is closely connected with unhappy feelings ． ◆ wine is not sent as a gift in many parts of western and middle Asia ， where most Muslims live ． 76． Indians don’ t hold food with the left hand because they consider it． A ．unclean B． useless C． valueless D． unimportant 77． The word“ offend” in the second paragraph(段落)might mean“．” A ．honor B ． help C． hate D ． hurt 78． Muslims do not ________． A ． send gifts B． eat pork C． drink milk D． use handkerchiefs 79． Which of the following is true according to the passage? A ．People from Pakistan like to send handkerchiefs as gifts ． B ．All the elderly people in the west like being helped by others． C． The number 13 is thought to be unlucky by some Westerners ． D ．Westerners do not mind their personal things being touched ． 80． What does the passage mainly talk about? A ．Lucky numbers ．B． Traditional food ． C．Culture differences ．D． Hands and handkerchiefs．
中考英语阅读理解20篇
精选中考阅读理解100篇(附答案) 1-20 (1) The Weather （选自广州） In winter the weather in England is often very cold. In spring and autumn there are sometimes cold days, but there are also days when the weather is warm. The weather is usually warm in summer. It is sometimes hot in summer, but it is not often very hot. There are often cool days in summer. When the temperature is over 27℃, English people say it is hot. When the temperature is about 21℃, they say it is warm. In the north of Europe it is very cold in winter. In the south of Europe the summer is often very hot. In the south of Spain（1）and in North Africa（2）the summer is always hot. Water freezes（3）at 0℃. When water freezes, it changes from a liquid（4）into ice. Water boils（5）at 100℃. When water boils, it changes from a liquid into steam（6）. Notes: （1）Spain/speIn/n. 西班牙（2）Africa/`frIk/n.非洲（3）freeze/fri：z/v.结冰（4）liquid/`lIkwId/n.液体（5）boil/bIl/v.沸腾；（水）开（6）steam/sti：m/ n.蒸汽 1.What is the weather like in summer in England? A.Very hot. B.Warm. C.Cool. D.Both A and C. 2.What do you think “the north of Europe" means? A.A part of a country. B.The capital of Europe. C.A country in the north of Europe. D.A part of Europe. 3.When water freezes, it changes from into. A.water, ice B.water, steam C.steam, ice D.ice, water 4.The writer wants to tell us something about. A.the weather in Europe B.the weather in England C.some knowledge of the temperature D. three states of water 答案：1—4 DDAC (2) The Artist and the Beggar（1）(选自成都) An artist was coming home by train one day. He hadn’t much money but was very kind. He gave his last few coins（2）to a beggar, but he saw another one, and forgot that he didn’