BEST PRACTICE VS. BEST STRATEGY
正确的学习方法将事半功倍英语作文
正确的学习方法将事半功倍英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Right Study Methods Will Double Your Progress in EnglishAs a student, mastering English has always been one of my biggest academic challenges. Despite years of English classes and endless hours of studying, I often felt like I was spinning my wheels, not making real progress. That all changed when I discovered the right study methods. By employing techniques tailored to how I best learn, I've been able to double my progress in English comprehension and fluency.The first key step was understanding my own learning style. We all absorb and retain information differently. Some students are auditory learners who pick up things best by hearing them. Others are visual learners who need to see concepts illustrated. Many are kinesthetic learners who learn by doing. I'm primarily a visual learner, so reading, watching videos, and using flashcards are ideal techniques for me.Once I identified my learning preferences, I overhauled my English study routine. Instead of just reading text and memorizing vocabulary lists, I began watching English TV shows, movies, and YouTube videos with subtitles. Hearing the language while reading along helped cement vocabulary and grammar patterns in my mind. I also started using language learning apps like Duolingo that employ gamification through entertaining lessons and reward progress.Another game-changing technique has been immersing myself in English as much as possible. I subscribed to English podcasts, ebooks, and online newspapers to constantly expose myself to the language. At home, I set my phone, computer, and Netflix to English. While it was overwhelming at first, the continuous immersion rapidly improved my listening comprehension. My brain became trained to instinctively process English.Reading has been key for expanding my vocabulary and understanding complex grammar. However, instead of just reading textbooks, I read engaging books, articles, and websites about topics I enjoy. Making English fun and relevant motivates me to stick with it daily. Following celebrity gossip and readingabout my favorite sports teams makes studying feel less like a chore.That said, I still rely on textbooks, learning apps, and traditional studying for building a strong grammar foundation. You can't escape the need for deliberately studying rules. But making those activities a smaller fraction of my overall English routine keeps me from burning out. Varying my study methods between immersive and deliberate techniques provides a balanced, sustainable approach.Probably the most valuable study hack I've adopted is learning English pragmatically by using it in real situations. I've joined English conversation meetups to practice speaking. I've also started keeping an English journal to reinforce writing skills. Putting my English skills into practice forces me to recall vocabulary and grammar rules in a practical context. It's the best way to identify gaps in my abilities so I know what to focus on improving.Making English a social experience by regularly conversing has had a motivational side benefit. Speaking English with others helped me build confidence and make study buddies facing similar challenges. A little positive reinforcement and friendlycompetition goes a long way. My English practice partners push me to improve while cheering on my progress.Perfecting any language takes immense time and effort. But by employing multimodal techniques tailored to my strengths, I've been able to make my English studies far more productive and enjoyable. I'm finally seeing rapid, measurable improvement instead of feeling stuck in place.Studying smarter, not necessarily harder, has been the key. Blending different methods like reading, watching, listening, speaking, writing, traditional studying, and immersion variety has turbocharged my progress. Each activity reinforces the others in a virtuous learning cycle. Breaking my studies into manageable, bite-sized pieces through apps and multimedia content prevents feeling overwhelmed.Most importantly, I've made my English education fun by aligning it with my interests and hobbies. Studying doesn't feel like a chore when I'm reading celebrity magazines, watching movies, or discussing sports with classmates. Gamifying vocabulary lessons and earning points for streaks make practice addictive in the best way. My newfound confidence in using English more fluently has become self-perpetuating motivation to keep improving.Learning any language is undoubtedly difficult and demands consistent dedication. However, by optimizing my routine around my personal learning style and combining different engaging techniques, I've been able to double my rate of progress in English comprehension and fluency. With the right study methods, what felt like an insurmountable challenge has become an enjoyable, satisfying journey towards multilingual mastery.篇2The Right Learning Methods Can Double Your ProgressAs a student, I can't emphasize enough how important it is to find the right learning methods that work for you. We've all experienced those frustrating moments when we feel like we're putting in a ton of effort, but not making any real progress. It's demotivating, demoralizing, and can even make us want to give up entirely. But fear not, my fellow learners! With the right approach, you can seriously double your progress and make your studying much more effective and efficient.The first key is understanding your own learning style. We all have different preferences and tendencies when it comes to how we absorb and retain information best. Some people are morevisual learners who benefit from diagrams, charts, and seeing concepts laid out. Others are auditory learners who do better listening to lectures or their own voice reading notes aloud. Then there are kinesthetic learners who need to physically engage with the material through activities or hands-on practice. Figuring out which type of learner you are is crucial for tailoring your study methods.For me personally, I'm primarily a visual/kinesthetic learner. I struggle to just read pages of notes and have it stick. But when I can see diagrams, watch videos, or better yet, apply the concepts through practice problems or activities, that's when it really clicks. Knowing this about myself has allowed me to be much more strategic - I take visual notes using colors, symbols, and diagrams. I seek out videos and animations to help explain tough topics. And I make sure to do tons of practice questions and problems while studying. No more just passively reading a textbook for hours on end!In addition to learning styles, it's also vital to understand the best times and environments for your peak productivity. Some students are morning birds who are sharpest right after waking up. Night owls may do their best work burning the midnight oil. Personally, I fall somewhere in between - my prime focuswindow is usually in the late afternoon and evening. I try to schedule my most difficult tasks and subjects for those periods when I know I'll be firing on all cylinders.Environment matters too. Loud, chaotic spaces may be too distracting for effective studying for some. While others may thrive off having some background noise or music playing. Personally, I need a clean, minimalist workspace with limited distractions. Having a dedicated study space in my room or at the library puts me in the right mindset. But you may do better at a park, coffee shop, or with friends. There's no one-size-fits-all.Taking regular breaks is another game changer. Our brains can only focus intently for so long before fatigue and diminishing returns set in. Following something like the Pomodoro method of 25 minutes of intense work followed by a 5 minute break can boost your productivity dramatically. Stepping away briefly allows you to recharge and come back fresher. I try to get up, stretch, get some water, or even do a few push-ups during my breaks to get my blood pumping again.Active recall - testing yourself on the material - is also far more effective than just endless re-reading or reviewing. Make flashcards, quiz yourself, or even just put away your notes every so often and try to explain out loud the key concepts you'velearned. Being able to actively recreate the knowledge from memory tells you that it's really sticking.When you approach a tough subject or unit, I've found the best strategy is to first skim and get a basic overall picture before going deeper. Read introductions, look at diagrams and charts, and try to understand the core ideas at a high level first. Once you have that framework, it's much easier to start filling in the finer details in an organized, structured way. Don't just dive into the deep end right away without that big picture view.Getting enough sleep, eating well, exercising regularly - these lifestyle factors play a huge supporting role too. When you take care of your body and brain, you simply have more energy, focus, and capacity for productive learning. Pulling all-nighters may seem necessary at times, but they drastically undercut your ability to actually absorb and retain information. Far better to get 7-9 hours of sleep each night and maintain a healthy, sustainable routine.Of course, It's also so important to reach out for help when you need it and not try to power through alone. Utilize your professors' office hours, get a tutor, or even just study with classmates. Working through confusions with others can provide new perspectives and sticky insights you'd never get alone.Teaching concepts to someone else is also an amazing way to solidify your own understanding.Lastly, adopt a growth mindset instead of getting demoralized. Everyone struggles and faces frustrations when learning challenging new material - that's totally normal and OK! The key is having the right mental framework of embracing the struggle as an opportunity to grow. Don't beat yourself up, but also don't settle for just going through the motions. Constantly look for ways to learn smarter and more effectively.With some self-awareness, strategy, and consistency around the right methods, you really can double your progress and unlock your full academic potential. It's all about finding the techniques that work best for your unique learning needs, habits, and personality. Mastering this gives you a superpower for academics and beyond. So keep tweaking, keep experimenting, and never stop striving to learn smarter!篇3The Right Learning Methods Will Double Your Progress in EnglishAs a student, mastering English can be a daunting task. It's a complex language with numerous rules, exceptions, and nuancesthat can trip you up at every turn. However, with the right learning methods, you can accelerate your progress and achieve fluency much faster than you ever thought possible.The key to success lies in adopting a multifaceted approach that targets all aspects of language acquisition: reading, writing, listening, and speaking. Each of these components is crucial, and neglecting any one of them can hinder your overall progress.Reading: The Foundation of Language ComprehensionReading is arguably the most fundamental skill in language learning. It exposes you to a vast array of vocabulary, grammatical structures, and idiomatic expressions, all within the context of authentic English usage. By reading extensively, you'll gradually internalize the patterns and rhythms of the language, making it easier to understand and produce natural-sounding English.However, not all reading materials are created equal. It's essential to choose texts that are slightly above your current level, as this will challenge you to learn new words and constructions without overwhelming you. Start with graded readers or simplified versions of popular novels, and gradually work your way up to more complex texts as your comprehension improves.Writing: The Art of ExpressionWriting is the counterpart to reading, allowing you to actively engage with the language and solidify your understanding. Regular writing practice helps you internalize grammar rules, expand your vocabulary, and develop a sense of how to organically construct sentences and paragraphs.One effective technique is to keep a daily journal, where you can write about your thoughts, experiences, or even summarize what you've read that day. Additionally, try your hand at creative writing exercises, such as short stories or poetry, which will challenge you to use language in more imaginative and expressive ways.Listening: Tuning Your Ear to EnglishListening comprehension is often overlooked, but it's a vital component of language proficiency. By exposing yourself to a variety of English accents, dialects, and speech patterns, you'll train your ear to recognize and process the language more readily.Podcasts, audiobooks, and English-language movies or TV shows are excellent resources for immersive listening practice. Start with materials that are slightly below your current level, andgradually increase the difficulty as your comprehension improves. Additionally, consider joining online language exchange communities, where you can practice conversational listening with native speakers.Speaking: Putting It All TogetherSpeaking is the ultimate test of your English proficiency, as it requires you to integrate all the skills you've acquired –vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation, and fluency – in real-time communication.To improve your speaking abilities, seek out opportunities to practice with native speakers or fellow language learners. Platforms like italki or Conversation Exchange offer affordable options for virtual language exchange, while local meetup groups or language cafés can provide face-to-face practice.Additionally, consider recording yourself speaking on a regular basis and listening back to identify areas for improvement. This self-assessment can be invaluable in addressing issues with pronunciation, fluency, or common speaking errors.Embracing Multimedia and TechnologyIn today's digital age, a wealth of multimedia resources and language-learning apps are at your fingertips. Leverage these tools to complement your traditional learning methods and create a more engaging and interactive experience.Language-learning apps like Duolingo, Babbel, or Memrise can gamify the process of vocabulary acquisition and grammar practice, making it more enjoyable and efficient. Meanwhile, multimedia resources like YouTube channels, online forums, or social media groups can expose you to authentic English usage in a variety of contexts.Consistency and Perseverance: The Key to SuccessMastering a language is a marathon, not a sprint. It requires consistent effort and perseverance over an extended period. Set realistic goals for yourself, and develop a sustainable routine that incorporates a variety of learning methods.Remember, progress may seem slow at first, but as you continue to immerse yourself in the language and practice regularly, your skills will compound, and your proficiency will soar.Embrace Mistakes and Celebrate Small VictoriesLanguage learning is a journey filled with ups and downs, successes and setbacks. Embrace the mistakes you make along the way, as they are opportunities for growth and improvement. Don't be discouraged by temporary setbacks or plateaus – they are natural parts of the learning process.Instead, celebrate your small victories and milestones. Whether it's understanding a complex grammar concept, successfully navigating a conversation with a native speaker, or simply feeling more confident in your English abilities, these achievements should be acknowledged and celebrated.Seek Support and Cultivate a Growth MindsetLearning a language can be challenging, and there may be times when you feel overwhelmed or discouraged. During these moments, it's crucial to seek support from your peers, teachers, or online communities.Surrounding yourself with like-minded individuals who share your passion for language learning can provide motivation, encouragement, and valuable feedback. Additionally, cultivate a growth mindset – the belief that your abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work. This mindset will help you persevere through challenges and view setbacks as opportunities for growth.In conclusion, mastering English is an achievable goal, but it requires a multifaceted approach and a commitment to consistent practice. By embracing the right learning methods, leveraging multimedia resources, celebrating small victories, and cultivating a growth mindset, you can accelerate your progress and achieve fluency much faster than you ever thought possible.Remember, language learning is a journey, and the rewards – increased cognitive abilities, cultural understanding, and personal growth – make every effort worthwhile. Embrace the challenge, stay dedicated, and watch as your English proficiency soars to new heights.。
龟兔赛跑(英文演讲稿)
Purpose of the Presentation
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To teach valuable life lessons about perseverance, humility, and the importance of hard work.
Slow and Steady Wins the Race
乌龟虽然速度慢，但它始终保持稳定的速度前进，最终成功到达了终点。这表明，稳扎稳打、步步为 营是取得成功的关键。
兔子的快速奔跑虽然一时领先，但在长距离比赛中缺乏持久力，最终输掉了比赛。这告诉我们，在追 求目标的过程中，要注重持久性和稳定性，不要急于求成。
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In the workplace, the lesson applies to long-term projects that require consistent effort and attention to detail.
In personal life, it can be applied to goals that require consistent effort over time, such as fitness or learning a new skill.
Persቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱverance vs. Pride
Perseverance
乌龟虽然速度慢，但它坚持不懈地一步一步 前进，最终赢得了比赛。这表明，持之以恒 的努力比一时的速度更重要。
Pride
兔子的骄傲自大导致它轻视对手，在比赛中 掉以轻心，最终输掉了比赛。这告诫我们， 不要因为一时的优势而骄傲自满，要时刻保 持谦虚谨慎的态度。
分享会发言稿英语范文模板
---Ladies and Gentlemen,Good [morning/afternoon/evening]. It is a great pleasure to be here with all of you today for this sharing session. The theme of today’s session is [insert theme here], and I am excited to delve into this topic and share my insights, experiences, and learnings.---IntroductionFirstly, let me take a moment to introduce myself. My name is [Your Name], and I hold a [Your Position/Role] at [Your Company/Organization].I have been involved in [related field or experience] for [number] years, and throughout this time, I have gathered a wealth of knowledge and experiences that I believe will be beneficial to share with you all.---Background and ContextTo kick off the discussion, let’s set the stage by understanding the context of [insert theme here]. [Provide a brief overview of the topic, its relevance, and any recent developments or trends that haveinfluenced it.]---Key Insights and ExperiencesNow, let’s dive into the heart of the matter. Here are some keyinsights and experiences I would like to share with you:1. [Point 1]: One of the most critical aspects of [theme] is [brief explanation]. For instance, in my experience at [YourCompany/Organization], we found that [specific example or case study].2. [Point 2]: Another important factor to consider is [brief explanation]. I remember a time when [specific incident or project] taught me the value of [specific skill or strategy].3. [Point 3]: It’s also essential to recognize the challenges that come with [theme]. For example, I faced [specific challenge] and overcame it by [specific action or strategy].---Case Study/Real-Life ExampleTo make these insights more tangible, I would like to share a real-life example from my professional journey. [Briefly describe a case study or real-life example that illustrates your points and provides practical insights.]---Best Practices and RecommendationsBased on my experiences and research, here are some best practices and recommendations for navigating the [theme] landscape:- [Best Practice 1]: Always [specific action or strategy].- [Best Practice 2]: Consider [specific approach or tool].- [Best Practice 3]: Don’t forget to [another important action or consideration].---Conclusion and Call to ActionIn conclusion, [theme] is a complex yet fascinating area that requires careful consideration and strategic planning. By understanding the key insights, embracing best practices, and learning from others’ experiences, we can all navigate this field more effectively.I would like to invite you to join the conversation and share your thoughts and experiences. Here are a few questions to ponder:- How do you see [theme] evolving in the future?- What challenges have you encountered in your own experiences?- What solutions or strategies have you found to be most effective?Let’s work together to build a community of knowledge and support. Thank you for your attention, and I look forward to an engaging and informative session with all of you.---Thank you, everyone.。
Prompt Engineering Mastery - 10 Best Practices
What is prompt engineering?Prompt engineering is the craft of designing and refining inputs (prompts) to elicit the desired output from AI language models. It requires a blend of creativity, understanding of the model’s capabilities, and strategic structuring of the question or statement to guide the AI towards providing accurate, relevant, and useful responses. Prompt engineering improves communication between humans and machines, ensuring the resulting interaction is efficient and effective.Why is prompt engineering important?Prompt engineering is crucial because it influences the performance and utility of AI language models. The quality of the input determines the relevance and accuracy of the AI’s response, making prompt engineering a pivotal skill for anyone looking to harness the full potential of these powerful tools. Prompt engineering is not only for prompt engineers. By effectively communicating with AI, anyone can unlock insights, generate ideas, and solve problems more efficiently.Here are several reasons why prompt engineering is important: •Improves accuracy: Well-crafted prompts lead to more precise answers, reducing the likelihood of misinterpretation orirrelevant responses from the AI.•Saves time: Prompt engineering streamlines interactions with the AI by getting the desired information in fewer attempts,saving valuable time for users.•Facilitates complex tasks: Complex tasks require complex understanding; good prompts translate intricate questions intoa form that AI can process effectively.•Improves user experience: A user’s experience with an AI system can greatly improve when the prompts lead to clear,concise, and contextually appropriate answers.•Enables better outcomes: In areas such as coding, content creation, and data analysis, well-engineered prompts can leadto higher-quality outcomes by leveraging AI’s capabilities tothe fullest.•Drives innovation: As we better understand how tocommunicate with AI, we can push the boundaries of what’spossible, leading to innovative applications and solutions.10 Prompt engineering best practicesCrafting effective prompts for AI can improve the quality and relevance of the responses you receive. This expertise requires a nuanced understanding of how AI interprets and processes natural language inputs. Ahead, we explore ten AI prompt engineering best practices to help you communicate with AI more effectively:1. Be as specific as possibleSpecificity is key to obtaining the most accurate and relevant information from an AI when writing prompts. A specific prompt minimizes ambiguity, allowing the AI to understand the request’s context and nuance, preventing it from providing overly broad or unrelated responses. To achieve this, include as many relevant details as possible without overloading the AI with superfluous information. This balance ensures that the AI has just enough guidance to produce the specific outcome you’re aiming for.When creating the best prompts for an AI, ask for the following specifics:•Detailed context: Provide the AI with enough background information to understand the scenario you’re inquiring about.This includes the subject matter, scope, and any relevantconstraints.•Desired format: Clearly specify the format in which you want the information to be presented, whether it’s a list, a detailedreport, bullet points, or a summary. Mention any structuralpreferences, such as headings, subheadings, or paragraphlimits.•Output length: Detail how long you want the AI’s response, whether “3paragraphs” or “250words.”•Level of detail: Indicate the level of detail required for the response, from high-level overviews to in-depth analysis, toensure the model’s output matches your informational needs. •Tone and style: Request the preferred tone and style, whether it’s formal, conversational, persuasive, or informational, tomake sure the output aligns with your intended audience orpurpose.•Examples and comparisons: Ask the AI to include examples, analogies, or comparisons to clarify complex concepts or make the information more relatable and easily understood.Prompt Example:Please provide an outline for a comprehensive report that analyzes the current trends in social media marketing for technology companies, focusing on the developments from 2020 onward.The outline should include an introduction, three main sections addressing different aspects of social media trends, and a conclusion summarizing the findings. Please suggest the types of graphs that could illustrate user engagement trends and list bullet points that summarize key marketing strategies in each section. 2. Supply the AI with examplesIncorporating examples into your prompts is a powerful technique to steer the AI’s responses in the desired direction. By providing examples as you write prompts, you set a precedent for the type of information or response you expect. This practice is particularly useful for complex tasks where the desired output might be ambiguous or for creative tasks with more than one correct answer. When you supply the AI with examples, ensure they represent the quality and style of your desired result. This strategy clarifies your expectations and helps the AI model its responses after the examples provided, leading to more accurate and tailored outputs. Here are some example types you could provide to an AI to help guide it toward generating the best response possible:•Sample texts: Share excerpts reflecting the style, tone, and content you want the AI to replicate.•Data formats: To guide the AI’s output, provide specific data structures, such as table layouts or spreadsheet formats.•Templates for documents: Offer templates to ensure the AI’s response follows a desired structure and format.•Code snippets: Provide code examples if you need help with programming tasks to ensure correct syntax and logic. •Graphs and charts examples: If you’re asking the AI to create similar graphics, share samples of visual data representation.•Marketing copy: If you’re crafting marketing content, present ad copy that aligns with your brand’s voice for the AI to mimic. Prompt Example:Create a comparison table for two project management tools, Tool A and Tool B.Include the following categories: Price, Key Features, User Reviews, and Support Options. For instance, under Key Features, list things like ‘Task Assignment’,‘Time Tracking’, and ‘File Sharing’.The format should mirror something like this:Please ensure the table is concise and suitable for inclusion in a business report.3. Get better answers by providing dataIncorporating specific and relevant data into your prompts significantly enhances the quality of AI-generated responses, providing a solid foundation for the AI to understand the context and craft precise answers. Providing data that includes numerical values, dates, or categories, organized in a clear and structured way, allows for detailed analysis and decision-making. It’s essential to give context to the data and, when possible, to cite its source, lending credibility and clarity to the specific task, whether for quantitative analysis or comparisons.To ensure the AI delivers the most relevant and insightful answers, always use updated and well-organized information, and if comparisons are needed, establish clear parameters. Supplying the AI with concrete, contextualized data transforms raw figures into intelligible and actionable insights. Data-driven prompts are particularly valuable in tasks requiring a deep dive into numbers, trends, or patterns, enabling the AI to generate outputs that can effectively inform business strategies or research conclusions.Prompt Example:Please analyze the sales data from the first quarter of 2024 provided in the attached PDF document. I need a summary that identifies our best-selling product, the overall sales trend, and any notable patterns in customer purchases.The PDF contains detailed monthly sales units for three products: Product A, Product B, and Product C. After reviewing the data, summarize your findings in a concise paragraph that is suitable for a business meeting. Highlight significant increases or decreases in sales and offer insights into potential factors driving these trends. 4. Specify your desired outputWhen engaging with AI, articulate the precise format and structure you expect in the response. Specify whether you require a detailedreport, a summary, bullet points, or a narrative form to ensure the AI tailors its output to your needs.Indicate any preferences such as tone, style, and the inclusion of certain elements like headings or subheadings. By clearly defining your desired output, you guide the AI to deliver information that aligns seamlessly with your intended use.Prompt Example:Create a comprehensive overview of the key milestones in the history of software development. The output should be structured as a timeline with bullet points, each bullet including the year, the milestone event, and a brief description of its significance. Start from the 1980s. The tone should be educational. Please limit the overview to ten major milestones to maintain conciseness.5. Provide instructions on what to do instead of what not to doWhen constructing prompts for AI, it’s more effective to direct the system toward the desired action rather than detailing what it should avoid. This positive instruction approach reduces ambiguity and focuses the AI’s processing power on generating constructive outcomes.Negative instructions often require the AI to interpret and invert them, increasing the cognitive load and potential for misunderstanding. By clearly stating the intended actions, you enable the AI to apply its capabilities directly to fulfilling the task at hand, improving the efficiency and accuracy of the response.Prompt Examples:•Avoid: “Don’t write too much detail. → Use Instead: “Please provide a concise summary.”•Avoid: “Avoid using technical jargon.”→ Use Instead: “Use clear and simple language accessible to a general audience.”•Avoid: “Don’t give examples from before the year 2000.”→ Use Instead: “Provide examples from the year 2000 onwards.”6. Give the model a persona or frame of referenceAssigning a persona or a specific frame of reference to an AI model can significantly enhance the relevance and precision of its output. By doing so, you get more relevant responses, aligned with a particular perspective or expertise, ensuring that the information provided meets the unique requirements of your query.This approach is especially beneficial in business contexts where domain-specific knowledge is pivotal, as it guides the AI to utilize a tone and terminology appropriate for the given scenario. The persona also helps set the right expectations and can make interactions with the AI more relatable and engaging for the end user.Prompt Example:Imagine you are a seasoned marketing consultant. Please draft an email to a new startup client outlining three digital marketing strategies tailored for their upcoming product launch (see attached PDF for details).Include key performance indicators (KPIs) for each strategy that will help track their campaign’s success. Ensure the tone is encouraging and professional, imparting confidence in your expertise.7. Try chain of thought promptingChain of thought prompting is a technique that elicits a more deliberate and explanatory response from an AI by specifically asking it to detail the reasoning behind its answer. By prompting the AI to articulate the steps it takes to reach a conclusion, users can better understand the logic employed and the reliability of the response.This approach is particularly useful when tackling complex problems or when the reasoning process itself is as important as the answer. It ensures a deeper level of problem-solving and provides a learning opportunity for the user to see a modeled approach to reasoning.Prompt Example:Imagine you are a software engineer tasked with optimizing this piece of software for performance:[Insert code block]Use the following chain of thought to guide your approach:•Performance profiling: Start with how you would profile the software to identify current performance bottlenecks.•Optimization techniques: Discuss the specific techniques you would consider to address the identified bottlenecks, such asalgorithm optimization, code refactoring, or hardwareacceleration.•Testing and validation: Describe your method for testing the optimized software to ensure that the changes have had thedesired effect and have not introduced new issues.•Implementation strategy: Finally, outline how you would safely implement the optimized code into the production environment, ensuring minimal disruption.Conclude with a summary of the key steps in the optimization process and how you would document and maintain the improvements over time.8. Split complex tasks into simpler onesWhen dealing with complex tasks, breaking them into simpler, more manageable components can make them more approachable for an AI. Using step by step instructions helps prevent the AI frombecoming overwhelmed and ensures that each part of the task is handled with attention to detail.Additionally, this approach allows for easier monitoring and adjustment of each step, facilitating better quality control throughout the process. By compartmentalizing tasks, the AI can also use its resources more efficiently, allocating the necessary attention where it’s most needed, resulting in a more effective problem-solving strategy.Prompt Example:Avoid a single broad prompt:•“Write a 1500-word article on the impact of AI on remote work.”Try an initial prompt and follow-up prompts instead: •“Develop a detailed outline for a 1500-word article titled ‘Revolutionizing Remote Work: The Role of AI for TechProfessionals.’ The outline should include an engagingintroduction, three main sections titled ‘Enhancing Productivity with AI Tools,’‘AI-Driven Communication Optimization,’ and‘Advanced Project Management through AI,’ plus a conclusion that offers a perspective on future developments.”•“Compose a detailed introduction for the article‘Revolutio nizing Remote Work: The Role of AI for TechProfessionals.’ The introduction should be 150-200 words,setting the stage for how AI is changing the game for remoteworkers in the tech industry, and providing a hook that willentice tech professionals to continue reading.”9. Understand the model’s shortcomingsIn crafting prompts for an AI, recognize the model’s limitations to set realistic expectations. Prompting AI to perform tasks it’s not designed for, such as interacting with external databases or providing real-time updates, will lead to ineffective and potentially misleading outputs called AI hallucinations.Here are some known shortcomings of AI models:•Lack of real-time data processing, as the knowledge is up-to-date only until the last training cut-off.•Inability to access or retrieve personal data unless it has been shared during the interaction.•No direct interaction with external software, databases, or live web content.•Potential bias in the data, as AI models can inadvertently learn and replicate biases present in their training data.•Limited understanding of context can lead to less nuanced responses in complex or ambiguous situations.•The absence of personal experiences or emotions means the AI cannot form genuine, empathetic connections or offerpersonal anecdotes.10. Take an experimental approach to promptingPrompt engineering is an emergent field that necessitates an experimental mindset. As you navigate this new territory, use an iterative process to test various prompts, paying careful attention to how slight modifications can significantly alter the AI’s responses. You’ll only learn how models respond by testing them.While maintaining a commitment to AI privacy and ethical standards is key, don’t hesitate to explore diverse phrasings and structures to discover the most effective prompts. This trial-and-error process can yield better results and contribute to a broader understanding of how large language models interpret and act on different types of instructions.。
战略管理-策略观念：Porter(1996)-九说 十派
* 模仿 &「竞争趋同」
(competitive convergence)
资料来源： 2011, HBR, The CEO's Role in Business Model Reinvention 中译：商业模式创新第 3 部曲：领导篇--执行长的开创执行力 2
策略概述
大纲
1. 策略的基本概念/定义/层次 2. Porter (1996) 《策略是什么》 3. 策略的派别 (观点,哲学)
• 十派（Mintzberg《战略历程》） • 九说（吴思华《策略九说》） 4. 呈现策略的方式
策略的目的
• 策略：获得「竞争优势」
• 竞争优势 = 获利高于同业（竞争相同顾客群的公司）的平均 A company is said to have a competitive advantage over its rivals when its profitability is greater than the average profitability and profit growth of other companies competing for the same set of customers.
• 也就是说，最后大家的营运效能都进步了， 所以并没有企业能够脱颖而出，领先群伦
* 模仿 &「竞争趋同」
(competitive convergence)
• 企业进行的标竿学习(Benchmarking)愈多， • 彼此就愈像
造成互相毁灭，并导致耗损战、零和竞赛，价格下降
• 例如：竞争者愈常将业务外包给更有效率的第三方， 而且往往是同样的第三方，那么这些外包的活动就 变得愈来愈雷同。
CFA金融词汇翻译及解释 金融英语词汇 含解释
Call Loan短期同业拆借，通知贷款Call Loan Rate短期同业拆借利率，通知贷款利率Call Option买入期权Call Premium买回溢价Call Warrant买入认股权证Callable Bond可买回债券Callable Preferred Stock可买回优先股CAMELS Rating System CAMELS评级制度Capital资本/资本金Capital Account资本帐户Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR)资本充足率Capital Appreciation资本升值Capital Asset资本资产Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)资本资产计价模型Capital Base资本金基础Capital Budgeting资本预算Capital Employed运用资本Capital Expenditure资本开支Capital Gain资本收益Capital Goods资本财货Capital Guarantee Fund资本保证基金Capital Intensive资本密集Capital Loss资本损失Capital Lease资本化租赁Capital Markets资本市场Capital Note资本票据Capitalism资本主义Capitalization总资本，总市值Capitalize资本化Capped Option有上限期权Captive Fund专属基金Carrying Cost Of Inventory库存置存成本Carrying Value账面现行价值Convertibles可转换证券Conveyance地产让与证书Contingency偶然事故Corporate Bond企业债券Corporate Cannibalism企业自我竞争Corporate Finance企业融资Corporate Governance企业治理Corporate Tax公司税Corporation公司、企业Cost Basis成本基础Cost of Capital资本成本Cost of Equity股本成本Cost of Funds资金成本Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)已售商品成本Cost Synergy成本协同效益Counterparty Risk交易对手风险Country Risk国家风险Coupon息票Coupon Bond有息票债券Covenant契约Coverage Initiated纳入研究范围Credit信贷、信用、贷项Credit Default Swap信贷违约掉期Credit Derivative信贷衍生工具Credit Enhancement加强信贷措施Credit Card信用卡Credit Cliff信用悬崖Credit Crunch紧缩信贷Credit Risk信贷风险Credit Rating信用评级Credit Spread信贷息差Credit Union信用合作社Creditor债权人Critical Mass关键规模Cross交叉交易Cross Default连带违约Cross Hedge交叉对冲Cross Holding交叉持股Crossover Fund交叉基金Crown Corporation国家企业Crown Jewels顶尖业务Crystallization结晶交易Cum Dividend附股息Cumulative Dividend累积股息Cumulative Voting累计投票Curb交易控制Curb Trading场外交易Currency货币Currency Forward货币远期Currency Futures货币期货Currency Option货币期权Currency Overlay货币管理外包Currency Swap货币掉期Current Account经常帐户Current Assets流动资产Current Liabilities流动负债Current Maturity现时年期Current Price现时价格Current Ratio流动比率Current Yield现时收益率Cushion Bond保收债券CUSIP Number美国证券库斯普号码Custodial Account保管帐户Custodian保管人Cyclical Industry周期性行业Cyclical Stock周期性股票Cyclical Unemployment周期性失业DJIA道琼斯工业平均指数DJTA道琼斯交通平均指数DJUA道琼斯公用事业平均指数Data Mining数据探索Days Payable Outstanding (DPO)应付账款天数Days Sales Outstanding (DSO)应收账款天数FX外汇Face Value面值Facility信贷额度、资金设施Fair Value公平价值Fairness Opinion公平意见Fed联储局Federal Funds联邦基金Federal Funds Rate联邦基金利率Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)公开市场委员会Federal Reserve Bank联邦储备银行Federal Reserve Board (FRB)联邦储备委员会Federal Reserve System (the Fed)联邦储备体系Fed Model联邦储备模型Fiduciary受托人Final Dividend最终股息Final Prospectus公开说明书定稿Finance财务Financial Accounting财务会计Financial Accounting Standards Board - (FASB)财务会计标准委员会Financial Asset金融资产Financial Engineering金融资产重整Financial Intermediary金融中介机构Financial Performance财务表现Financial Planner财务规划Financial Supermarket金融超级市场Underlying相关证券、相关股票Underperform表现落后大市Undersubscribed认购不足Undervalued估值不足Underweight持有量不足Underwriting承销团Underwriting Spread承销价差Unearned Income非劳动收入Unearned Revenue未实现收入Unit Trust (UT)单位信托Unrealized Gain未实现收益Unrealized Loss未实现损失Unsecured Creditor无抵押债权人Unsecured Loan无抵押贷款U.S. Treasury美国财政部Valuation估值Value-Added增值Value-Based Pricing以价值为基础的定价Value Chain价值链Value at Risk (VAR)风险价值Value Investing价值投资Value Stock价值股票Vanilla Option单纯期权Variable Cost可变成本Variable Life Insurance Policy可变寿险保单Vendor Financing供应商融资Venture创业项目Venture Capital创业资本Venture Capital Fund创业基金Venture Capitalist创业基金投资者Vertical Integration纵向整合Vertical Market纵向市场Vertical Merger纵向合并Volatility波动性Volume Of Trade交易量、成交量Voting Right投票权Voting Shares投票股票Voting Trust投票信托Voting Trust Agreement投票信托协议Vulture Capitalist兀鹫投资者Vulture Fund兀鹫基金WACC加权平均资本成本WTO世界贸易组织Wall Street华尔街War Bond战争债券Warrant认股权证Warrant Coverage认股权证比重Warrant Premium认股权证溢价Wealth Added Index (WAI)财富增值指数Wealth Effect财富效应Wealth Management财富管理Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)加权平均资本成本Weighted Average Market Capitalization加权平均总市值一项由一名代理人同时代表买方与卖方的交易，也称为撍卮砣藬("Dual Agency"。
绩效管理全英文
Source: D. Karvetz, The Human Resources Revolution
Less Successful Companies
86% 80% 70% 67% 62%
30% 26% 4% 27% 10%
Highly Successful Companies are defined as having—
0109-9271-HAYG Lemaire 5
Improving Performance Management Improves Business Results
Highly Successful Companies Performance-Based Rewards Clear Employee Goals Participative Style Attention to Development Encourage Creativity
0109-9271-HAYG Lemaire
4
Human Resource Management Practices Drive Profitability and Productivity
40%
30%
19% 18%
20%
10%
2% 1% 1%
6% 3% 1% 1%
8%
HRM Strategy Quality Technology R&D
wiley's best practice seo tips
wiley's best practice seo tipsWiley's Best Practice SEO TipsSearch Engine Optimization (SEO) is an essential aspect of digital marketing that helps businesses improve their online visibility and drive organic traffic to their websites. Wiley, one of the leading global providers of educational materials and solutions, has developed a set of best practice SEO tips that can help businesses succeed in the digital landscape. In this article, we will delve into Wiley's best practice SEO tips, step by step, to provide you with a comprehensive understanding of how to optimize your website and improve your search engine rankings.Step 1: Perform Keyword ResearchKeyword research is the foundation of any successful SEO strategy. It involves identifying the search terms that potential customers are using to find products or services related to your business. Start by brainstorming a list of relevant keywords and then use keyword research tools, such as Google Keyword Planner or SEMrush, to expand your list and determine the search volume and competitiveness of each keyword. Focus on long-tail keywords, asthey are more specific and have a higher chance of driving targeted traffic to your website.Step 2: Optimize On-Page ElementsOn-page optimization refers to optimizing various elements on your website to make it more search engine and user-friendly. Here are some key on-page elements to focus on:a) Title Tags: Include targeted keywords in your title tags to improve relevancy in search engine results.b) Meta Descriptions: Write compelling meta descriptions that accurately summarize the content on each page and entice users to click through to your website.c) Header Tags: Use header tags (H1, H2, H3...) to organically incorporate keywords into your content and improve readability.d) URL Structure: Create clean and concise URLs that include relevant keywords to make it easier for search engines to understand the content of your web pages.e) Image Optimization: Optimize your images by compressing them for faster loading times and include descriptive alt tags that include relevant keywords.Step 3: Create High-Quality and Engaging ContentContent is king when it comes to SEO. Search engines valuehigh-quality and relevant content that provides value to users. Here are some tips to create engaging content:a) Keyword Incorporation: Naturally incorporate your target keywords into your content but avoid keyword stuffing.b) Readability: Write for your audience, not just search engines. Use clear and concise language, break up content with headings and bullet points, and ensure proper grammar and spelling.c) Multimedia Integration: Incorporate images, videos, and infographics into your content to make it more visually appealing and engaging.d) Freshness: Regularly update your content to keep it relevant and demonstrate to search engines that your website is actively providing valuable information.Step 4: Build Quality BacklinksBacklinks are an essential off-page SEO factor that helps search engines determine the authority and credibility of your website. Here's how to build quality backlinks:a) Guest Blogging: Write engaging and informative guest posts for relevant and authoritative websites in your industry, including a link back to your website in the author bio or within the content.b) Social Media Engagement: Share your content on social media platforms to increase its visibility and encourage others to link to it.c) Influencer Marketing: Collaborate with influential individuals or brands in your industry to gain exposure and earn quality backlinks.d) Monitor and Remove Toxic Backlinks: Regularly analyze yourbacklink profile using tools like Google Search Console or Moz, and disavow or remove any low-quality or spammy backlinks that may harm your website's ranking.Step 5: Optimize for Mobile DevicesWith an increasing number of people accessing the internet through their mobile devices, optimizing for mobile has become crucial for SEO success. Ensure your website is mobile-friendly, as this can significantly impact your search engine rankings. Here are some tips for mobile optimization:a) Responsive Design: Create a responsive website design that adapts to different screen sizes and resolutions.b) Page Speed: Optimize your website's loading speed for mobile devices by compressing images and using caching techniques.c) Mobile Usability: Ensure that your website is user-friendly on mobile devices by making navigation easy, text readable, and buttons clickable.Step 6: Monitor, Analyze, and Continuously ImproveSEO is an ongoing process, and it's essential to monitor your website's performance, analyze data, and continuously make improvements based on your findings. Here are important steps in this process:a) Implement Analytics: Install Google Analytics or other website analytics tools to track and analyze key performance metrics, such as organic traffic, bounce rate, and conversion rate.b) Keyword Ranking: Regularly track your website's keyword rankings and make adjustments to your SEO strategy based on your rankings' performance.c) User Engagement: Analyze user behavior on your website, such as time spent on page, click-through rates, and conversion rates, to gain insights into user engagement and make necessary improvements.d) SEO Audits: Conduct regular SEO audits to identify areas of improvement, such as broken links, duplicate content, or technicalissues, and fix them promptly.In conclusion, Wiley's best practice SEO tips provide a comprehensive roadmap to improve your website's search engine rankings. Remember to perform keyword research, optimizeon-page elements, create high-quality content, build quality backlinks, optimize for mobile devices, and monitor and continuously improve your SEO efforts. By following these best practices, you can enhance your online visibility, increase organic traffic, and ultimately drive business success.。
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The herding instinct
Best-practice benchmarking—the measurement and implementation of the most successful operational standard or strategy available in an industry—can be one of the most effective tools for increasing a corporation's efficiency, productivity, and, ultimately, earnings. To see the benefits such benchmarking can yield, you need look no further than the US automobile industry, which transformed itself during the 1980s by adopting Japanese manufacturing techniques. More recently, Ericsson and Motorola copied the Finnish cell phone maker Nokia's use of the same phone chassis across different technologies to achieve economies of scale in design and production. Broadly speaking, strategic decision making occurs along three dimensions: product characteristics, price, and market opportunity. When a company enters a new market, management's choices are restricted to the first two dimensions; the third element, market opportunity, consists of consumer preferences and income, which are beyond a company's ability to influence directly.^ Management's overriding goal is to position a company and its products where the market opportunity is highest. The more consumers who are located in a specific region of the strategic landscape, or the higher their
24
THE McKINSEY QUARTERLY 2000 NUMBER 2
that best-practice company's product, pricing, and channel strategies. Products and services become increasingly commoditized, and margins tumble as more and more incumbent companies compete for smaller
Margins tumble as more and more incumbent companies compete for smaller and smaller segments of customers and industry reSOUroeS
and smaller segments of customers and industry resources. Alarmingly, strategic herding
See Eric D. Beinhocker, "On the origin of strategies," The McKinsey Quarterly, 1999 Number 4, pp. 38-45. Philipp Nattermann is a consultant in McKinsey's New York office. Copyright © 2000 McKinsey & Company. All rights reserved. This article can be found on our Web site at www.mckinseyquarterlycom/strategy/beprOO.asp.
appears to be in vogue in some of the most dynamic industries of the new information economy. A close look at the behavior of wireless telecommunications service providers in Germany indicates that strategic convergence by itself accounted for a 50 percent decline in margins from 1993 to 1998. Strategic herding also appears to be rampant in the manufacture of computers and consumer electronics goods and in the Internet strategies of many companies.
"As a group, lemmings may have a rotten image, but no individual lemming has ever received bad press." —Warren Buffett
[est practice. It may be the most readily recognized and widely used of all business management tools. And why shouldn't it be? To executives, modeling a company's performance on its best-in-class competitor is an ambitious but attainable aspiration. To investors, the strategy is a guarantee of the soundness of any company that embraces it. And to consultants, it is the tide that lifts every client's boat. So why is it killing your margins? Everyone who follows business has seen the fat margins of growing young companies attract scores of new entrants, which eventually crowd the field and drive those very margins down. Why would top executives convert this regrettable fact of business life into a creed, especially when doing so simply hastens the endgame for everyone— first mover and Johnny-come-lately alike? They act as they do because they don't understand that benchmarking is simply an operational tool. Instead, they all want to occupy the point on the strategic landscape that their most successful competitor has staked Soon other competitors can be seen herding, lemminglike, around
BEST PRACTICE
BEST STRATEGY
25
disposable incomes, the E X H I B I T 1 You are here: Mapping the strategic terrain higher this particular peak will rise (Exhibit 1). Especially in newer industries, the task of finding market opportunities is complicated by a lack of information about the willingness of consumers to spend, the exact distribution of their preferences, and other characteristics of the strategic landscape. Management really knows only its own company's location and earnings, and those of its competitors insofar as they make this information public. Even then, the information doesn't fill out the entire landscape. The payoff a company receives for occupying any part of the landscape depend on the height of the point it occupies and on the number of companies operating nearby. A single firm operating at a particular peak receives all of the local market value. If a number of companies operate within a region, the market value or resources must be shared. The more companies that are located in a single region, the lower the payoff for each.