英语国家概况BritishChapter5Education
英语国家概况 --谢福之各章选择题
选择题Unit1 英国Chapter 1 地理、民族、语言1. The two main islands of the British Isles are （）.A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2. （）is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom,（）is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland4. English belongs to the （）group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman5. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of （）words to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek6. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the （）influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish7. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of （）.A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD. pronunciation8. At present, nearly （）of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifthChapter 2 历史1. The （）attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic2. By the late 7th century, （）became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3. The （）marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law4. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of （）.A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster5. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to（）.A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church6. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between （）.A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians7.（）was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta8. The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the （）century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20 thChapter 3 政府和英联邦1. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches with the exception of the （）.A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive2. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on （）.A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude3. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to （）the House of Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect4. （）is at the center of the British political system.A. The CabinetB. The House of LordsC. The House of CommonsD. The Privy Council5. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to （）.A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet6. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a （）system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party7. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and （）.A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism8. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every （）years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. sixChapter 4 经济1. The （）in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem2. Of the following practices, （）does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions3. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except （）.A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality4. Britain has devoted （）of its land area to agriculture.A. 50%B. 60%C. 70%D.80%5. Britain’s important fishing areas include all th e following except （）.A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain andIreland6. Coal mining industry in Britain provides （）of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/37. The car industry in Britain in mostly（）.A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedD.privately-owned8. Of the following sectors in Britain, （）has experienced spectacular growth since the end of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD. manufacturing industryChapter 5 教育、媒体和节日1. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the（）.A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s2. About （）of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%3. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources except （）.A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions4. To be admitted to the Open University, one needs （）.A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National Vocational Qualifications5. Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three” with the exception of （）.A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph6. Life on Earth is a kind of （）program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaD. soap opera7.（）is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB8. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except （）.A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomimeChapter 6 文学1. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is——.A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet2. ——is viewed as Romantic poetry’s “Declaration of independence”.A. “I Wonder Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC. The preface to Lyrical BalladsD. Prometheus Unbound3. Of Dicken’s novels, ——is considered most autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. Davied CopperfiedC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations4. ——is a representative of English Critical Realism in the turn of the 19 th century.A. Robert Louis SetevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConardD.Thomas Hardy5. Of the following books, ——is NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A.Jude the ObscureB.Tess of the d’UrbervillesC.Adam BedeD.The Return of the Native6. ——is not included in the modernist group.A.Oscar WildeB.Virginia WoolfC.William Bulter YeatsD.T.S.Eliot7. Of the following writers, —— is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A.Samuel BeckettB.James JoyceC.William GoldingD.V.S.Naipual8. Waiting for Godot is written by——.A.Samuel BeckettB.Geroge OrwellC. William GoldingwranceUnit2 爱尔兰Chapter 7 社会和文化1. ---- established a unified Irish culture and language in the 6 th century BC.A. Hunter-gatherers from BritainB. Celtic tribesC. British invadersD. The Vikings2. Divergent views about ----resulted in the Irish Civil War.A. the Act of UnionB. the Unilateral Declaration of IndependenceC. the Anglo-Irish TreatyD. the Anglo-Irish Agreement3. -----was the first Irish President to visit Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.A. Eamon de ValeraB. John A. CostelloC. Mary RobinsonD. Albert Reynolds4. -----brought Anglo-Irish relations to a new height.A. The British recognition of the Irish RepublicB. The signing of the Downing Street DeclarationC. The signing of the Belfast AgreementD. The IRA’s formal declaration of the disarmament in 20055. In Ireland, the head of state is-----A. the Prime MinisterB. the PresidentC. the British monarchD. the General Governor6. ------has been the dominant party in Ireland since 1930s and supports peaceful reunification of the island of Ireland.A. Fine GaelB. The Labor PartyC. Fianna FailD. The Progressive Democrats7. Emigration in Ireland started since the ----A. medieval periodB. 17 th centuryC. Great Potato FamineD. early 18 th century8. Ireland now has a ---- economy.A. agriculture-basedB. knowledge-basedC. industry-basedD. foreign investment-basedUnit3 美国Chapter 8 地理和民族1. The U. S. lies in North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its （）.A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west2. The continental United States has （）statesA. 50B. 49C. 48D. 353. The state of （）is the largest in area of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida4. The largest river in the U. S. is （）.A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River5. Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located in （）.A. the SouthB. the WestC. New EnglandD. the Midwest6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to （）.A. MontanaB. UtahC. MaineD.California7. The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States, particularly from （）.A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America8. The characteristic of the dominant American culture are （）.A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-classChapter 9 历史1. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at（）in（）.A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia2. The Seven Years’ War occurred between the （）.A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians3. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of （）.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies4. In May 1775, （）was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation5. Abraham Lincoln issued （）to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights6. The policy of the United States was （）at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement7. President （）applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy8. The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout the terms of Presidents （）.A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and JohnsonChapter 10 政府1. The U. S. Constitution came into effect in （）.A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 17932. The Constitution of the United States （）.A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court3. The Bill of Rights （）.A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution4. The terms for a Senator and Representative are （）and （）years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two5. All the following except （）can make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President6. The following except （）are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders7. The Supreme Court is composed of （）justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine8. The President is directly voted into office by （）.A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representativesChapter 11 经济1. America produces a major portion of the world’s products in the following fields except （）.A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals2. The modern American economy progressed from（）to（）, and eventually, to （）.A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy3. Chartered companies were NOT granted the （）by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority4.（）urged the federal government to establish a national bank.A. George WashingtonB. President RooseveltC. Abraham LincolnD. Alexander Hamilton5. The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution” except （）.A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator6. President Johnson tried to build a “Great Society” by introducing various programs like the following except （）.A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension7. The following statements are all true except （）.A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports andexports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.8. Employment in the （）sector has been increasing in the U.S. since the 1970s.A. serviceB. agricultureC. manufacturingD. high-tectChapter 12 教育、媒体和节日1. Formal education in the United States consists of （）, secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private2. Of the following subjects, （）are NOT offered to elementary school students.A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education3. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of （）.A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University4. Of the following, （）are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges5. To get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except （）.A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits6. （）is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A. The Washington PostB. The New York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News7. Of the following, （）is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks in America.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS)8. The National Day of the United States falls on （）.A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14thChapter 13 文学1.Of the following writer, --------are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods .A. Benjamin Franklin and Edgar Allan PoeB. Edgar Allan Poe and Jonathan EdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin and Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Allan Poe and Washington Irving2. ----- is regarded as the “father of American literature”A. James Fenimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving3. Of the following , ---- is considered Herman Melville’s masterpieceA. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Mody DickD. Daisy Miller4. Of the following ,-----is NOT cha racteristic of Mark Twain’s worksA. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view5. Of the following writer, ----- is NOT included in the group pf naturalistsA. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville6. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is ---- ,and its theme is about ---A. The Great Gatsby , the American DreamB. Tender Is the Night , loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age , the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and Damned , the evil of human nature7. Of the following writer, ----- is NOT a Nobel Prize winnerA. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Eugene O’Neill8. -----is the first African – American winner of the Noble Prize for LiteratureA. Ralph EllisonB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. James BaldwinUnit4 加拿大Chapter 14 地理和历史1. Canada’s fur trade , later fur monopoly , gradually began to take shape in the -----centuryA. 15 thB. 16 thC. 17 thD.18 th2. The Liberal government led by Mackenzie King did the following to lay the foundations of the Canadian welfare state EXCEPT----A. increasing the old age pensionsB. promoting federal-provincial welfare programsC. expending unemployment benefitsD. introducing health insurance3. -----won the Nobel Prize for Peace in1957 for organizing a peacekeeping force todefuse the Suez CrisisA. Pierre TrudeauB. Lester PearsonC. Jean ChretienD. Brian Mulroney4. In the ----, Canada was obsessed with economic recessionA. 1950sB. 1960sC. 1970sD. 1980s5. Pierre Trudeau retired from his post as head of the government and party leader partly because ----A. he opposed the American war in VietnamB. he agreed Quebec to be an independent French-speaking nationC. he had not been able to reverse the declining economic trendD. he weakened government intervention in the national economy6. ----- recognized Quebec as a “distinct society”A. The Meech Lake AccordB. The Quebec ActC. The Constitutional ActD. The British North America Act7. -----was Canada’s first woman Prime MinisterA. Pierre TrudeauB. Brian MulroneyC. Jean ChretienD. Kim Campbell8. Martin’s Liberal government tried to do the following EXCEPT---A. legalizing same-sex marriage in CanadaB. giving the Quebec city sovereigntyC. improving Canadian- US relationsD. forging a closer relationship with ChinaChapter 15 政府和社会1. On average, members of the House of Commons are elected for a maximum of -----yearsA. 3B. 4C. 5D. 62. ----holds the highest position in the Canadian parliamentary systemA. The Britain CrownB. The Governor GeneralC. The PresidentD. The Prime Minister3. In each province, ----represents the British CrownA. a Lieutenant GovernorB. a Governor GeneralC. a PrimeD. a Governor4. -----of Canada serve(s) as the final court of appeals in CanadaA. The provincial courtsB. The Federal CourtC. The Supreme CourtD. The Federal Court of Appeal5. In Canada , the largest religious denominations is ----A. the Protestant churchB. the Roman Catholic churchC. the Puritan churchD. the Anglican church6. If applicants meet the basic requirement for immigration to Canada , they need to do the following EXCEPT----A. applying for citizenshipB. taking a medical examC. paying an application feeD. paying a landing fee7. In the 19 th century , ---was the principal export item of CanadaA. fishB. furC. timberD. wheat8. Canada’s major trading partners include the following EXCEPT---A. BritainB. AmericaC. MexicoD. ChinaUnit5 澳大利亚Chapter 16 地理和历史1.____ is the lowest point in Australia.A. Lake EyreB. The Great Artesian BasinC. Mount KosciuszkoD. The Great Victoria Desert2.____ is Australia’s capital.A. SydneyB. MelbourneC. BrisbaneD. Canberra3.Britain’s first permanent colony wa s founded in ____ .A.1606B.1770C.1787D.17884.The Commonwealth of Australia was established in ____ .A.1847B.1885C.1900D.19015.The movement to gain recognition of Aboriginal rights was started in the ____ .A.1950sB.1960sC.1970sD.1980s6.Australia completely abolished the White Australia Policy during the government of ____ .A. Earle PageB. Gough WhitlamC. Joseph LyonsD. Stanley Bruce7.The following were all aspects of the economic reforms which took place between 1983 and 1996 EXCEPT ____ .A. enlarging the scale of the mining industryB. deregulating the financial marketC. reducing tariffsD. privatizing the state-owned enterprises8.The Howard government’s foreign policies were based in relations with four key countries, namely, ____ .A. the U.S. ,Japan, Britain, ChinaB. the U.S. ,Japan, China, IndonesiaC. the U.S. ,Japan, Britain, ChinaD. the U.S. , Britain, China, ChinaChapter 17 政府和社会1.Of the following, ____ is NOT among the three major Australian political parties.A. the Australian Labor PartyB. the NationalsC. the Liberal PartyD. the United Australia Party2. Australia tries to attract immigrant from any country with ____ .A. a good family backgroundB. education or work skillsC. high social statusD. adequate work experience3. Australia’s high economic performance is due to its ____ and ongoingstructural reform.A. open-up policyB. effective economic managementC. historical developmentD. proper investment4. Australia is a leading supplier of ____ to international markets.A. hi-tech productsB. agricultural productsC. industrial productsD. mineral resources5. Australia’s foreign capital mainly comes from ____ .A. the United States and JapanB. Britain and GermanyC. Japan and Republic of KoreaD. Britain and the United States6.Among the following tourist attractions, ____ can be seen from the moon.A. the Gold CoastB. UluruC. the Great Barrier ReefD. the Sydney Opera House7. ____ is/are mainly responsible for education in Australia.A. the federal governmentB. the individual statesC. the territory assembliesD. the municipal government8.The Australian system of teaching and school discipline puts emphasis on the following EXCEPT ____ .A. learning by discovery and questioningB. self-disciplineC. preparing for testD. encouraging students’ interest in learningUnit6 新西兰Chapter 18 社会和文化1. ____ is often referred to as “our third island” of New Zealand.A. PolynesiaB. The North IslandC. The South IslandD. The Stewart Island2.The climate in New Zealand is ____ .A. subtropicalB. arcticC. temperateD. tropical3.The ____ were the first group of people who arrived on the island of New Zealand.A. MaorisB. EuropeansC. AustraliansD. Chinese4. New Zealand was granted internal self-government in ____ .A. 1804B. 1852C. 1893D. 19075.During World War Ⅱ, New Zealand strengthened its relationship with ____ .A. BritainB. the United StatesC. AustraliaD. France6. ____ is the head of the New Zealand government.A. The British monarchB. The Governor GeneralC. The Prime MinisterD. The President7.The Cabinet is responsible to ____ in New Zealand.A. ParliamentB. the Prime MinisterC. the British monarchD. the Governor General8.Schooling in New Zealand is compulsory for all children ____ .A. from ages 6 to 12B. from ages 6 to 14C. from ages 6 to 16D. from ages 6 to 18。
英语国家概况BritishChapter5Edu
Stanford University
A top ranked research university in the United States, known for its strength in engineering, computer science, and the sciences
Education Reform and Development Trends
• Interdisciplinary approach: There is a growing recognition of the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to education, with schools and universities sourcing students to study a broad range of subjects to develop a more theoretical understanding of the world
The UK is popular for its royal family and has a royal palace, Buckingham Palace, which is a symbol of the country's history and culture
The UK is also known for its museums, galleries, and teachers, such as the British Museum, the National Gallery, and the Royal Shakespeare Company
• Higher Education: Competitions of universities and colleges offering undergraduate and postgraduate degrees, as well as professional qualifications
《英语国家概况》- Chapter 5 The Rise and Fall of the British Empire
第五章英帝国的兴衰Ⅰ.辉格党人和托利党人这两个政党名称皆起源于1688年的光荣革命，皆以绰号命名。
辉格是对牧牛人的贬称，而托利是爱尔兰语歹徒的意思。
泛泛而言，辉格人是指那些反对绝对王权、支持新教徒享有宗教自由权利的人们。
第一位沙夫茨伯雷伯爵(1621-1683)被视为辉格党首任领袖。
托利党人是指那些支持世袭王权、不愿去除国王的人。
辉格党人在19世纪中叶与持不同意见的托利党人结盟组成自由党。
托利党则为保守党的前身，至今还保留托利党这个绰号。
在19世纪初，辉格党没有特定的纲领，也不是现代意义上团结一致的政党。
他们还没有组建政党结构，例如没有政党基金。
辉格党人主张：(1)削弱王权(比如任命政府重要官员的权力)；(2)同情非国教教徒(即已脱离国教的卫理公会及其他新教派别)；(3)保护商人和银行家的利益。
大多数辉格党人赞同某种形式的议会改革，但就改革的深度不能达成一致。
(例如:允许商人投票吗?或者允许所有的男性有选举权吗？)托利党人是一批持传统观点的人。
他们主张保留君主和英格兰教会的权力。
他们不喜欢非国教教徒，认为他们是对英格兰教会的一大威胁。
他们想严格地维护法律与秩序，害怕下层造反。
他们并不总是赞同改革，尤其坚决反对议会改革，他们只同意某些人道主义改革。
议会中还有另一派观点，支持者较少。
他们是激进派分子，认为只有彻底的改革才能解决根本问题。
议会成员中只有少数激进派分子，但在18世纪末、19世纪初他们非常活跃，广泛散播激进观点。
他们的一个共同目标是彻底改革议会制度。
激进派分子深受杰拉米·本汉姆"功利主义"哲学的影响。
本汉姆认为政府的功能应是"取得最大多数人的最大幸福"。
他认为有两种办法做到这一点：(1)政府和行政应尽可能高效。
任何低效和无用的事情都应改革(例如，教育制度，监狱制度和议会)；(2)政府应尽可能少地干涉人民的个人生活。
激进派分子倡导"不干涉主义"，这是一种激进的自由贸易观点，因为他们认为进出口关税干涉了贸易的自然流通。
(完整版)英语国家概况--谢福之-复习资料(DOC)
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and NorthernIrelandChapter 1 Geography， People and Language全名：the United Kingdom of Great Britain(大不列颠联合王国） and Northern Ireland（北爱尔兰) 。
由成千上万的小岛组成（the British Isles）。
两大岛屿:Great Britain（大不列颠） and Ireland （爱尔兰)The River Thames (second longest and most important)， originates（起源于) in southwestern England —-—--North Sea.Scotland（ Edinburgh爱丁堡） important river:Clyde River kilts（苏克兰小短裙）Wales（ Cardiff加迪夫，著名港口）。
The Severn River is the longest river of Britain———---flow through western England。
Northern Ireland (Belfast贝尔法斯特,首府) Lough Neagh-—--the largest lake in the British Isles.Climate： temperate， with warm summers， cool winters and plentiful precipitation（降雨量)，冬暖夏凉，降雨充沛Three major features： winter fog， rainy day, instability 冬天多雾，常年多雨，天气不定London—-—Buckingham Palace（白金汉宫）， Guildhall (市政厅)， St. Paul's Cathedral(圣保罗大教堂）, The Tower Bridge of London（伦敦塔桥)The majority of the population is descendants of the Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic people from Europe。
英语国家概况chapter5
Determines people’s moral and political orientation Consolidates or undermines the rule of a government
The oldest established industry
The Observer: first appeared in 1791, making it the world’s oldest Sunday newspaper. The Times: first published in 1785,is one of Britain’s oldest and influential newspapers.
London
Founded in 1836,the University of London was first comprised of just two colleges,but now it has 18 colleges and 10 other smaller sprcialist research institutes. King's College London has a multicultural student body and an academic reputation that goes from strength to strength. The London School of Economics and Political Science is the only university in Britain specializing in the study of social sciences and has a worldwide reputation in the field.
英语国家概况Chapter
Holidays
英语国家概况
CONTENT
I
Education
II
MeБайду номын сангаасia
III Holidays and Festivals
I
Education
Educational Policy Educational System
Educational Policy
• Compulsory education for all children between the ages of 5 and 16
• Comprehensive schools introduced in the 1960s
• National Curriculum introduced in 1988 • Four stages:
Elementary and Secondary Education
Independent System
• the most famous — Eton, Harrow and
Winchester • 7 percent of all British children v A privilege for the rich
§A-levels (General Certificate of Education—Advanced)
—for universities admittances
§GNVQs (General National Vocational Qualifications)
—for vocational training
Higher Education (Cont.)
英美概况5 British education
• •
•
Approximately 7% of English schoolchildren attend privately run independent schools, some of which are called "public schools". Education at independent schools is usually chargeable. Such schools, some of which are boarding schools, cover primary and secondary education and charge between £2500 and £30000 per year. Some schools offer scholarships for those with particular skills or aptitudes to allow less well-off students to attend. The Education Act requires parents to ensure their children are educated either by attending school or otherwise. Small but increasing numbers of parents are choosing the otherwise option. This style of education is often referred to as Elective Home Education. The education can take many different forms ranging from homeschooling 家庭教育 where a school style curriculum is followed at home to unschooling 非学校教育. Parents do not need permission to educate their own children. There is no requirement to follow the National Curriculum or to give formal lessons. Parents do not need to be qualified teachers, or to follow school hours or terms. Parents who choose to educate their children otherwise than at school have to finance the education provision themselves.
主要英语国家概况chapter 5
Recognized world-class qualification High quality assessment in teaching and research Affordable option (3 yrs for under, 1 yr for postgraduate), efficient in terms of time and money Support and Accommodation Service for overseas students High-quality health care (National Health Service) English language support Safe environment as a whole Cross-cultural experience (experiencing the Diverse customs of a major world market place.) Ideal base for travel (easy access to Europe)
3 (third class honours)
Pass (ordinary degree)
Masters:
Distinction
Pass
Doctorate
Pass
Famous universities
River Cam
2012年英国大学综合排名前二十
Why Study in the UK?
自行租屋
Flat 公寓 -Deposit -Contract
the media are central to British leisure culture
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Doctoral degree
3 to 5 years
3 to 5 years
Famous Universities
Top 10 Britain University in 2010
1. University of Cambridge 剑桥大学 2. University of Oxford 牛津大学 3. Imperial College (London) 帝国学院（伦敦） 4. University of Durham 达勒姆大学 5. London School of Economics 伦敦政治经济学院 6. University of St. Andrews 圣安德鲁斯大学 7. University of Warwick 华威大学 8. Lancaster University 兰卡斯特大学 9. University College London 伦敦大学学院 10. University of York 约克大学
work
HND (2 ys)
GNVQ
16+
Higher Education
Recruitment base on: Grades of AS, A-levels, GNVQs School references Interview Mostly funded by central government grants
Except Buckingham University
The Universities
Oxford and Cambridge [12th and 13th centuries]
College system and tutorial system
4 Scottish universities [15th and 16th centuries]
F (0) (failure)
Study Pathways
University (3/5) Postgraduate P.H.D
Academic Vocational
University (1/2) Postgraduate M.A. / M.S. University (3/4) Undergraduate B.A. / B.S. Sixth form (2 ys) A-level
Eton Pupils
Eton
The royal family thinks the school is just the place for Wills. In this self-contained world, titles confer no privileges, and the prince is probably not the only boy with a bodyguard. Foreign leaders’ children and scions of Greek shipping magnates bring them along too. "William is as near to normal at Eton as someone in his position wont to be. Many people there are richer than he is. There are many people whose family relationships are even more complex than his."
Prince William
Eton
Public Schools
Harrow School for Boys
East Ham Grammar School
Elementary and Secondary Education
State System GCSE （General Certificate of Secondary Education） “sixth form” (2 years)
Chapter 5
Education, Media and Holiday
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Contents
1
2 3
Education
Media Holidays and Festivals
Differences in education systems
Grade A+ (4.0) A (4.0) A– (3.7) (excellent)
B+ (3.3) B (3.0) B– (2.7) (above average)
C+ (2.3) C (2.0) C– (1.7) (average)
D+ (1.3) D (1.0) D– (0.7) (poor)
“sixth form” (2 years)
Higher Education
Famous Universities
Elementary and Secondary Education
Two parallel school system:
State system—local authority maintained 94%
A-levels (General Certificate of Education—Advanced)
—for universities admittances
GNVQs (General National Vocational Qualifications)
—for vocational training
11-16: secondary schools
(90% are comprehensive schools) GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education)
Elementary and Secondary Education
Independent System the most famous — Eton, Harrow and Winchester 6 percent of all British children A privilege for the rich
Oxford and Cambridge
College system: whereby all students live in college during at least part of their course, which fosters a community spirit in which a useful mingling of intelligence can take place. Such colleges include tutors as well as students, and are largely self-governing. Tutorial system: whereby each student gets personal tutoring once a week in his tutor’s own room. It, together with a weekly programme of private study, has been considered very important at Oxford and Cambridge.
Compulsory in state school Optional in independent school
Elementary and Secondary Education
State System state system—11-year compulsory education 5-11: primary schools (co-educational/ mixed schools)
1. pre-school education (2-5years old) (UK) play school / nursery school (China) kindergarten 2. primary education (5/6-11) (UK) junior school (China) primary school 3. secondary education (11-16/18) (UK) comprehensive school / grammar school (China) junior and ior middle school 4. further/ higher education (18+) college / university
Better funded Better teachers Better facilities Better chance to enter famous universities
Public School - Eton College
Eton
with the tutor
Public School -- Eton College
Higher Education
Buckingham University
is the only privatelyfinanced university in UK,
where students can finish
3 years’ courses in two years, and its curriculum
Key Stages and Tests
Educational System
Elementary and Secondary Education
Two parallel school systems:
• State system:11-year compulsory education