Acceptability Criteria for Engineering Design工程设计可接受标准
质量英语词汇大全中英对照
品质名词（中英对照）AABC analysis ABC 分析Abnormality 不正常性Abscissa 横坐标Absolute deviation 绝对离差Absolute dispersion 绝对离势Absolute error 绝对误差Absolute frequency 绝对次数Absolute number 绝对数Absolute reliability 绝对可靠度Absolute term 绝对项Absolute value 绝对值Absolute variation 绝对变异Abstract number 抽象数Abstract unit 抽象单位Accelerated factor 加速系数，加速因子Accelerated life test 加速寿命试验Accelerated test 加速试验Acceleration 加速度Acceptable limit 允收界限Acceptable process 允收制程水平Acceptable quality 允收品质Acceptable quality level (AQL）允收质量水平Acceptable reliability level （ARL) 允收可靠度水平Acceptability 允收性Acceptability criterion 允收标准Acceptance 允收,验收Acceptance, probability of 允收机率Acceptance, region of 允收区域Acceptance and rejection criteria 允收与拒收准则Acceptance boundary 允收界限Acceptance coefficient 允收系数Acceptance control chart 验收管制图Acceptance cost 验收费用Acceptance criteria 允收准则Acceptance error 允收误差Acceptance inspection 验收检验Acceptance limit 允收界限Acceptance line 允收线Acceptance number 允收（不良品）数Acceptance plan 验收计划Acceptance procedure 验收程序Acceptance/rectification scheme 允收/精选方案Acceptance sampling，attribute 计数值验收抽样Acceptance sampling，variable 计量值验收抽样Acceptance sampling plan 验收抽样计划Acceptance sampling scheme 验收抽样方案Acceptance test 验收试验Acceptance value 允收值Acceptance zone 允收区域Acceptance product 允收品Accepting lot 允收批Access time 接近时间,故障诊断时间Accessibility 可接近性Accident rate 意外率Accidental error 偶误，偶然误差Accidental fluctuation 偶然波动Accidental movement 意外移动Accounting test 验算（决算)试验Accumulated operating time 累积操作时间Accuracy 准确度Accuracy of data 数据准确度Accuracy of estimation 估计准确度Accuracy of the mean 平均数准确度Achieved availability 实际可用度Action 行动，措施Action, corrective 矫正行动（措施）Action control chart 行动管制图Action limit 行动界限Active line 行动线Active maintenance time 实际维护时间Active parallel redundancy 主动并复联（置）Active preventive maintenance 现行预防维护时间Active redundancy 主动复联(置）Active repair time 实际修复时间Active standby 主动备用Active time 运用时间Actual frequency 实际次数Actual limit 实际界限Actual range 实际全距Actual value 实际值Adaptability 可适应性Adaptive control 修改管制Addition theorem 加法定理Additivity 加法性，可加性Adjusted average 修正平均数Adjusted value 修正值Adjustment factor 调整系数Administration time for a repair 修复之管理时间Administrative time 管理时间Adopted value 采用值Advisory Group on Reliability of Electronic Equipment （AGREE) 电子装备可靠度顾问团Aeronautical Radio, Incorporated (ARINC）航空无线电公司After-sales service 售后服务Age 年限Age at death 死亡年限Age at failure 失效年限Age—based maintenance 年限基准维护Aggregative method 综合法Aging 老化Agreement of quality assurance 质量保证之协议Agreement on verification method 验（查）证方法之协议Alarm signals 警告（报）讯号Alert time 待命时间Algebraic sum 代数和Algorism (Algorithm) 阿拉伯数字计数法Alias 假名Alienation 余相关Alignment chart 列线图Allocation 配当Allocation of reliability 可靠度配当Allowable percent defective （Acceptable quality level, AQL）允收不良率（允收质量水平）Allowance 允差，裕度Alternative hypothesis 对立假设American Management Association （AMA) 美国管理协会American National Standards Institute (ANSI）美国标准协会American Society for Quality Control (ASQC) 美国质量管理学会American Society for Mechanical Engineers （ASME) 美国机械工程师学会American Society for Testing and Materials （ASTM) 美国材料试验学会American Standard Association （ASA) 美国标准协会American Statistical Association (ASA）美国统计协会American War Standards （AWS) 美国战时标准Ambient condition 周遭条件Analysis，sequential 逐次分析Analysis by accumulated frequency 累积法，累积次数分析Analysis by non-accumulated frequency 次数法，非累积次数分析Analysis of correlation 相关分析Analysis of covariance 共变异数分析Analysis of means (AVON）平均数分析Analysis of problem 问题之分析Analysis of variance （ANOVA）变异数分析Analysis sample 分析样本Analytical error 分析误差Angular transformation 角度转（变）换Anti-logarithm 逆对数Anti-mode 逆众数AOQL Sampling Table 平均出厂质量界限抽样数Applicability 应用性Applied statistics 应用统计学Apportionment of reliability 可靠度配当Apportionment techniques 配当技术Appraisal cost 鉴定成本,评估成本Appraisal system 评估制度Appraisal of quality 质量评估Approach to sequential testing 逐次试验法Approval of processes and equipment 核准制程与设备Approximate mode 近似众数Approximate number 近似数值Approximation 近似法，概算AQL (Acceptable quality level）允收（质量）水平Arbitrary average （Assumed average，Arbitrary mean) 假定平均数Arbitrary origin 假定原点Arbitrary scale 假定标度Area bar chart 面积条图Area chart (diagram，graph) 面积图Area sampling 地区抽样Arithmetic average 算术平均数Arithmetic cross 算术交叉Arithmetic graph 算术图Arithmetic line chart 算术线图Arithmetic mean 算术平均数Arithmetic paper 算术纸Arithmetic probability paper 算术机率纸Arithmetic progression （Arithmetic series）算术级数，等差级数Arithmetic scale 算术标度,等差标度Arithmetic series 算术级数，等差级数Army Ordnance Table 陆军兵工署（抽样)表Army Service Forces Table 陆军（抽样）表序列Array 序列Array distribution 序列分配（布)Array of data 数据序列Assemble 装配（组立）Assembled product 装配品Assembly 装配件Assembly inspection 装配检验Assembly quality analysis report 装配质量分析报告Assessed failure rate 评估失效率Assessed mean active —maintenance time 评估时间现行维护时间Assessed mean life 评估平均寿命Assessed mean time between failures 评估平均失效间格时间Assessed mean time to failure 评估平均失效前时间Assessed reliability 评估可靠度Assessed value 评估值Assessment of subcontractor 分包商之评鉴Assignable cause (Special cause) 非机遇原因（特殊原因) Assignable variation 非机遇变异Associated dependent variable 相联因变数Associated variate 相联变量Association coefficient 相联系数Association of attribute 品性相联Association table 相联表,联合表Assumed mean （Assumed average，Arbitrary average) 假定平均数Assumed median 假定中位数Assumed origin 假定原点Assurance quality 保证质量Assurance function 保证功能Asymmetrical distribution 不对称分配（布)Asymmetry 不对称Asymptotic distribution 趋近分配（布)At random 随机Attribute 计数值，属性Attribute classification 品性分类Attribute data 计数数据Attribute inspection 计数值检验Attribute sampling 计数值抽样Attribute sampling plan 计数值抽样计划Attribute testing （Go no-go testing）计数值试验（通过与不通过试验）Attribute value 计数值Audit 稽核Audit for reliability 可靠度稽核Audit of decision 稽核决策Audit plan 稽核计划Audit report 稽核报告Auditing report 稽核报告Auto-correlation 自动相关Automatic switch—over redundancy 自动切换复联（置）Automatic test equipment (Am) 自动试验装备Auto-regression 自动回归Availability 可用性，可用度Average （Mean）平均数，平均值Average, grand 总平均Average，moving 移动平均数Average，sample 样本平均数Average, standard error of 标准误平均数Average, universe 群体平均数Average，weighted 加权平均数Average amount of inspection 平均检验数Average and range chart 平均数及全距（管制)图Average availability 平均可用度Average deviation (A。
质量手册翻译中英文对照解析
质量手册翻译中英文术语表3。
1.1 质量 quality3.1.2 要求 requirement3。
1.3 等级 grade3。
1。
4 顾客满意 customer satisfaction3。
1。
5 能力 capability3.2.1 体系（系统） system3。
2.2 管理体系 management system3.2。
3 质量管理体系 quality management system 3.2。
4 质量方针 quality policy3.2.5 质量目标 quality objective3。
2。
6 管理 management3。
2.7 最高管理者 top management3。
2.8 质量管理 quality management3。
2.9 质量策划 quality planning3.2.10 质量控制 quality control3.2.11 质量保证 quality assurance3.2。
12 质量改进 quality improvement3.2.13 持续改进 continual improvement3.2。
14 有效性 effectiveness3。
2。
15 效率 efficiency3.3.1 组织 organization3。
3.2 组织结构 organizational structure3.3。
3 基础设施 infrastructure3.3.4 工作环境’77ork environment 3.3。
5 顾客 customer3。
3.6 供方 supplier3。
3。
7 相关方 interested party3。
4.1 过程 process3。
4.2 产品 product3。
4。
3 项目 project3.4.4 设计和开发 design and development 3。
4。
5 程序 procedure3。
5。
1 特性 characteristic3.5。
项目管理专业英语词汇
Abstract Resource抽象资源Abstraction抽象Acceleration加速Acceptability Criteria验收标准Acceptable Quality Level("AQL")可接受质量水平Acceptance验收Acceptance Criteria验收标准Acceptance Letters验收函Acceptance Number接受数目Acceptance Review验收评审Acceptance Test验收测试Acquisition Methods采购方式Acquisition Negotiations采购谈判Acquisition Plan采购计划Acquisition Plan Review("APR")采购计划评审Acquisition Planning采购计划编制Acquisition Process采购过程Acquisition Strategy采购策略Action行动Action Item行动项Action Item Flags行动项标记Action Plan行动计划Activation激活Active Listening积极倾听Activity Arrow Net活动箭线网络Activity Based Costing("ABC")基于活动的成本核算Activity Based Management("ABM")基于活动的管理Activity Calendar活动日历Activity Code活动代码Activity Definition活动定义Activity Description活动描述Activity Duration活动工期活动持续时间Activity Duration Estimating活动工期估算Activity Elaboration活动详述Activity File活动档案Activity ID活动识别码Activity List活动清单Activity Node Net活动节点网络双代号网络Activity on Arc("AOA")弧线表示活动双代号网络Activity on Arrow("AOA")箭线表示活动双代号网络参见Arrow Diagramming Method.Activity on Node节点表示活动单代号网络参见Activity on Arc和Precedence Diagram Method.Activity Oriented面向活动Activity Oriented Schedule面向活动的进度计划Activity Properties活动属性Activity Quantities活动量值Activity Status活动状态Activity Timing活动定时Actor执行者角色Actual实际的Actual and Scheduled Progress实际进展的与计划进度Actual Cost实际成本Actual Cost Data Collection实际成本汇总Actual Costs实际费用Actual Dates实际日期Actual Direct Costs实际直接成本Actual Expenditures实际的支出参见Actual Costs.Actual Finish实际完成Actual Finish Date实际完成日期Actual Start实际开始Actual Start Date实际开始日期ACWP已完成工作实际成本See Actual Cost of Work Performed Adaptation适应Added Value附加价值Addendum附录参见procurement addendum.Adequacy适当Adjourning解散Adjustment调节ADM参见Arrow Diagram MethodADM Project ADM项目Administration管理部门Administrative行政的参见Administrative Management Administrative Change行政变更Administrative Management行政管理ADP参见Automated Data ProcessingADR参见Alternative Dispute Resolution Advanced Material Release("AMR")材料提前发布AF参见Actual Finish DateAFE参见Application for Expenditure参见Authority for ExpenditureAffect影响Affected Parties受影响方Agency代理Agenda议程Aggregation汇总Agreement协议Agreement,legal协议合同ALAP参见As-Late-As-PossibleAlgorithm算法Alignment排列成行Alliance联合Allocated Baseline分配的基线Allocated Requirements分配需求Allocation分配Allowable Cost允许成本Allowance预留Alternate Resource替代资源Alternative Analysis替代分析Alternative Dispute Resolution("ADR")替代争议解决方案Alternatives可选方案Ambiguity含糊不清Amendment修订Amount at Stake损失量AMR材料提前公布Analysis分析Analysis and Design分析与设计Analysis Time分析期Analyst分析员AND Relationship与关系Anecdotal轶事Anticipated Award Cost预期中标价AOA参见Activity on Arrow参见Activity on ArcAON参见Activity on NodeAOQ参见Average Outgoing QualityAOQL参见Average Outgoing Quality Limit APMA参见Area of Project Management ApplicationApparent Low Bidder最低投标人Application应用Application Area应用领域Application for Expenditure("AFE")支出申请Application for Expenditure Justification支出申请的论证Application Programs应用程序Applied Direct Costs实际直接成本Apportioned Effort分摊努力Apportioned Task分摊任务Appraisal评估Approach方法Appropriation拨款Approval批准Approval to Proceed批准继续Approve同意Approved Bidders List批准的投标人清单Approved Changes批准的变更Approved Project Requirements批准的项目需求APR参见Acquisition Plan ReviewAQL参见Acceptable Quality LevelArbitrary随意的Arbitration仲裁Arc弧线Architectural Baseline构架基线Architectural View构架视图Architecture构架Architecture,executable构架可执行参见Executable Architecture.Archive档案文件Archive Plan存档计划Area of Project Application参见Area of Project Management ApplicationArea of Project Management Application ("APMA")项目管理的应用领域Arrow箭线Arrow Diagram参见Activity Arrow NetArrow Diagram Method("ADM")箭线图方法Arrow Diagramming箭线图方法Arrow Diagramming Method箭线图方法双代号网络图Artifact制品Artificial人工的AS参见Actual Start DateASAP参见As-Soon-As-PossibleAs-built Design实际建造设计As-built Documentation实际建造文档As-Built Records参见As-Built DocumentationAs-Built Schedule实际建造进度计划As-Late-As-Possible("ALAP")尽可能晚As-Needed恰如所需As-of Date见Data Date.As-Performed Schedule实际进度计划Assembly组装件Assembly Sequence组装顺序Assessment评估Assets资产Assignment分配委派任务Associated Revenue关联收益Association关联关系As-Soon-As-Possible("ASAP")尽快Assumption假设Assumptions假设Assumptions List假设清单Assurance保证Assurance Program见Quality Assurance Program.ATP见Acceptance Test ProcedureAttitude态度Attribute属性Attrition损耗Audit审核审计Authoritarian独裁的Authoritative权威的Authority权威权力Authority for Expenditure("AFE")开支权Authorization授权见ApprovalAuthorize批准Authorized Unpriced Work批准的未定价工作Authorized Work批准的工作Authorized Works批准的工作Automated Data Processing("ADP")自动化数据处理Automatic Decision Event自动决策事件Automatic Generation自动生成Automatic Test Equipment自动测试设备AUW见Authorized Unpriced WorkAuxiliary Ground Equipment辅助场地设备Availability可用性Average Outgoing Quality("AOQ")平均出厂质量Average Outgoing Quality Limit("AOQL")平均出厂质量限度Average Sample Size Curve平均样本规模曲线Avoidance避免Award授予Award Fee奖金Award Letter中标函BAC完工预算参见Budget at Completion参见Baseline at CompletionBack Charge逆向计费参见BackchargeBackcharge逆向收费Backward Pass倒推法/反向计算Bad Debts坏帐Balance余额权衡Balanced Matrix平衡矩阵Balanced Scorecard平衡记分卡参见Scoring a Project's Contribution Balanced Scorecard Approach("BSA")平衡记分卡方法Bank储备Banking储备Bar Chart横道图Bargaining讨价还价交涉Bargaining Power讨价还价权力交涉权力Barriers障碍Base基础基数Baseline基线基准Baseline at Completion("BAC")完成/完工基线Baseline Concept基线概念Baseline Control基线控制参见Configuration ControlBaseline Cost基线成本Baseline Dates基线日期Baseline Finish Date基线完成日期参见Scheduled Finish DateBaseline Management基线管理Baseline Plan基线计划基准计划Baseline Review基线评审Baseline Schedule基线进度计划Baseline Start Date基线开始日期参见Scheduled Start Date.Baseline,budget基线预算Baseline,business基线商业Baseline,cost estimate基线费用估算Baseline,technical基线技术Basis of Estimate估算根据Batch批量参见LotBatch Operation批运行/批处理BATNA参见Best Alternative to Negotiated AgreementBCM参见Business Change ManagerBCWP参见Budgeted Cost of Work Performed BCWS参见Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled BEC参见Elapsed CostBehavior行为/反应Behavior Analysis行为分析参见Functional AnalysisBenchmark基准Benchmarking标竿管理Beneficial Occupancy/Use有益的占用/使用Benefits效益Benefits Framework效益框架Benefits Management效益管理Benefits Management Plan效益管理计划Benefits Management Regime效益管理制度Benefits Profiles效益简述Benefits Realization Phase效益实现阶段Best Alternative to Negotiated Agreement("BATNA")协议外最佳方案BATNABest and Final Contract Offer最佳及最终合同报价Best and Final Offer最佳及最终报价Best Efforts Contract最大努力合同Best Practices最佳实践Best Value最佳值Beta Distribution贝塔发布Beta Test贝塔测试Beta testing贝塔测试Bid投标Bid Analysis投标分析Bid Bond投标保证金Bid Cost Considerations投标成本补偿费Bid Document Preparation招标文件准备Bid Documents招标文件Bid Evaluation评标Bid List投标人清单Bid Package标段标块Bid Protests投标抗议/拒付Bid Qualifications投标资质Bid Response投标响应Bid Technical Consideration投标技术因素Bid Time Consideration投标中的时间因素Bid/No Bid Decision投标/不投标决策Bidder投标人Bidders Conference投标人会议Bidders List投标人名单Bidders Source Selection投标人来源选择Bidding投标Bidding Strategy投标策略Bill帐单Bill of Materials材料清单Bills of Materials材料清单Blanket Purchase Agreement("BPA")一揽子采购协议BPABlueprint蓝图/计划设计图Board委员会Boiler Plate样板文件Bona Fide真诚真实Bond担保Bonus奖金Bonus Schemes奖励计划Booking Rates预提费率BOOT参见Build,Own,Operate,Transfer Bottom Up Cost Estimate自下而上成本估算Bottom Up Cost Estimating自下而上成本估算Bottom Up Estimating自下而上估算Boundary边界BPA参见Blanket Purchase Agreement BPR参见Business Process Reengineering Brainstorming头脑风暴法Branching Logic分支逻辑关系Breach of Contract违约Breadboarding实验模型Break Even盈亏平衡Breakdown分解Breakdown Structure分解结构Break-Even Chart盈亏平衡图Break-Even Charts盈亏平衡图Break-Even Point盈亏平衡点Bribe贿赂BSA参见Balanced Scorecard ApproachBuck Passing完全通过/推卸责任Budget预算Budget at Completion("BAC")完工预算BACBudget Cost预算成本Budget Costs预算成本预算费用Budget Decrement预算消耗Budget Element预算要素Budget Estimate预算估算参见EstimateBudget Presentation预算介绍Budget Revision预算修订Budget Unit预算单位Budgetary Control预算性控制Budgeted已安排预算的Budgeted Cost of Work Performed("BCWP")已完工作预算成本BCWPBudgeted Cost of Work Scheduled("BCWS")计划工作的预算成本Budgeting制定预算Budgeting&Cost Management预算制定与成本管理Build建设构造Build,Own,Operate,Transfer("BOOT")建造拥有经营转让Buildability建造能力Building建筑物Building Professionalism建设专业化Build-to Documentation建成文档Built-in Test Equipment内置测试设备Bulk Material大宗材料Burden间接费用负担参见Indirect Cost.Burden of Proof举证费Bureaucracy官僚制度Burn Rate消耗速度Burst Node分支点Business Actor业务参与者/角色Business Appraisal商业评估Business Area业务领域Business Assurance商业保证Business Assurance Coordinator商业保证协调人Business Case商业案例Business Change Manager("BCM")商业变更经理BCMBusiness Creation商业创新Business Engineering商业工程Business Imperative商业需要Business Improvement业务改进Business Manager商务经理商业经理Business Modeling业务建模Business Needs商业需求Business Objectives商业目标Business Operations业务运作Business Process业务流程Business Process Engineering业务流程工程参见business engineeringBusiness Process Reengineering("BPR")业务流程重组Business Processes业务流程Business Risk商业风险Business Rule商业规则Business Transition Plan业务转换计划参见Transition PlanBusiness Unit业务单位Buyer买方Buyer's Market买方市场Buy-In支持认同买进Bypassing回避C/SCSC参见Cost/Schedule Control System CriteriaC/SSR参见Cost/Schedule Status ReportCA参见Control AccountCAD参见Computer Aided Drafting参见Computer Aided DesignCalculate Schedule估算进度安排Calculation计算Calendar日历参见Project Calendar.Calendar File日历文件Calendar Range日历范围Calendar Start Date日历开始日期Calendar Unit日历单位Calendar,Software日历软件Calendars日历集Calibration校准CAM参见Cost Account Manager参见Computer Aided Manufacturing参见Control Account ManagerCAP参见Cost Account Plan参见Control Account PlanCapability能力Capability Survey能力调查Capital资本Capital Appropriation资本划拨Capital Asset资本资产Capital Cost资本成本Capital Employed占用的资本Capital Expansion Projects资本扩展项目Capital Goods Project资本货物项目Capital Property资本财产CAR参见Capital Appropriation Request Cards-on-the-wall Planning墙卡规划法Career职业Career Path Planning职业路线规划Career Planning职业规划参见Career Path Planning.Carryover Type1结转类型1Carryover Type2结转类型2Cascade Chart层叠图CASE(1)参见Computer Aided Software EngineeringCASE(2)参见Computer Aided System Engineering Cash现金Cash Flow现金流Cash Flow Analysis现金流分析Cash Flow Management现金流管理Cash Flow,Net现金流净值Cash In现金流入Cash Out现金支出Catalyst催化者Catch-up Alternatives赶上计划的备选方案Causation起因Cause动因CBD参见Component-Based DevelopmentCBS参见Cost Breakdown StructureCCB参见Change Control BoardCCDR参见Contractor Cost Data ReportCDR参见Critical Design ReviewCentral Processing Unit("CPU")中央处理单元Centralized集中的Certain确定的参见Certainty.Certainty确定性Certificate of Conformance一致性认证Certification认证Chain链Challenge挑战Champion推动者支持者Change变更变化变革Change Control变更控制Change Control Board("CCB")变更管理委员会Change Documentation变更文档Change in Scope工作范围变化参见Scope Change.Change Log变更日志Change Management变更管理Change Management Plan变更管理计划Change Notice变更通知Change Order变更通知单参见Variation OrderChanged Conditions变更的条款Characteristic特性Chart图表Chart of Accounts会计科目表Chart Room图表室Charter章程参见Project CharterChecking检查Checklist检查清单Checkpoint检查点Checkpoints检查点集Chief Executive Officer首席执行官Child子项Child Activity子活动CI参见Configuration ItemClaim索赔Clarification澄清Class类Classes类Classification分类Classification of Defects缺陷的分类Clearance Number净空数Client客户Client Environment客户环境Client Quality Services客户质量服务Closed Projects已收尾的项目Closeout收尾Closeout Report收尾报告Closeout,phase收尾阶段参见Project Closeout.Closing终止Closure收尾CM参见Configuration Management参见Construction ManagementCoaching教练Code代码参见Source Code.Code and Unit Test编码和单元测试Code of Accounts帐目编码Coding编码Collaboration协作Collapsing折叠Collective集体的Combative好战的Commercial商务的Commercial Item Description商务描述Commission and Handover委托和移交Commissioning试运行Commissions and Bonuses酬金和奖金Commit提交Commitment承诺义务Commitment Document承诺文件Commitment Estimate参见Estimate Class ACommitment Package承诺包Commitment to Objectives对目标的承诺Committed Cost已承担成本已承付成本Committed Costs已承诺费用Common Carrier公众运营商Communicating With Groups与团队的沟通Communicating With Individuals与个人的沟通Communication沟通参见Effective Communication. Communication Channels沟通渠道Communication Plan,Strategic沟通计划策略性的Communication Plan,Tactical沟通计划--战术性的Communication Room交流室Communications Management沟通管理Communications Plan沟通计划Communications Planning沟通规划编制Community社团Company公司Comparison对比Compatibility兼容性Compensation补偿Compensation and Evaluation补偿和评价Competence能力Competency能力Competition竞争Competitive:竞争的Compile编译Compile Time编译时Complete完成Completed Activity已完成的活动Completed Units完工单元Completion完工Completion Date完成日期Complex复杂的参见Project Complexity.Component构件组件Component Integration and Test组件集成和测试Component-Based Development("CBD")基于构件的开发Components组件Compound Risk复合风险Compromise折衷Compromising,in negotiating折衷谈判Computer计算机Computer Aided Design("CAD")计算机辅助设计Computer Aided Drafting("CAD")计算机辅助制图Computer Aided Manufacturing("CAM")计算机辅助制造Computer Cost Applications计算机化的成本管理应用Computer Hardware计算机硬件Computer Modeling计算机建模Computer Program Configuration Item计算机程序配置项参见Computer Software Configuration Item.Computer Software计算机软件Computer Software Component计算机软件组件Computer Software Configuration Item("CSCI")计算机软件配置项Computer Software Documentation计算机软件文档Computer Software Unit计算机软件单元Computer-Aided计算机辅助的Computerized Information Storage, Reference and Retrieval计算机化的信息存储定位和检索Concept概念Concept Definition Document概念定义文档Concept Phase概念阶段Concept Study概念研究Conception Phase概念形成阶段Conceptual概念性的参见Concept.Conceptual Budgeting概念性预算Conceptual Design概念性设计Conceptual Development概念性开发Conceptual Project Planning概念性项目计划Concession让步Concession Making,in negotiating谈判中的让步Conciliatory调和的Concluding终决的Conclusions结论Concurrency并发性Concurrent并发事件Concurrent Delays并行延迟Concurrent Engineering并行工程Concurrent Tasks并行任务Conditional Risk条件风险Conditions条件条款Conducting执行Confidence Level信心等级Configuration配置Configuration Audit配置审核Configuration Breakdown配置分解Configuration Control配置控制Configuration Control Board配置控制委员会Configuration Identification配置识别Configuration Item Acceptance Review配置项验收评审Configuration Item Verification配置项验证Configuration Item Verification Procedures配置项验证程序Configuration Management配置管理Configuration Management Board配置管理委员会Configuration Relationships配置关系Configuration Status Accounting配置状态统计Conflict冲突Conflict Management冲突管理Conflict Resolution冲突解决方案Conformance to Requirements与需求的一致性Confrontation积极面对Consensus一致同意Consensus Decision Process集体决策过程Consent同意Consequences后果Consideration对价Considerations对价需要考虑的事项Consolidate合并Consortium联盟Constituents涉众Constraint约束条件Constraint,project constraint约束条件对项目的约束Constraints约束条件Constructability施工能力Construction施工构造建造建筑Construction Contractor施工承包商Construction Cost施工成本Construction Management("CM")施工管理Construction Manager施工经理Construction Stage施工阶段Construction Work施工工作Construction-Oriented以施工为导向的Constructive Challenge建设性质询Constructive Change建设性变更Consultant咨询顾问Consulting咨询Consumable Resource可消耗资源Consumables消费性物资Contemplated Change Notice预期变更通知Contending,in negotiating争论在谈判中Content内容Content Type内容类型Context背景Contingencies不可预见费应急费用参见Reserve and Contingency Planning. Contingency不可预见费应急费用Contingency Allowance应急补助参见Reserve.Contingency Budget Procedure不可预见费用预算程序Contingency Plan意外事件计划Contract Package合同包参见Contract Breakdown.Contract Performance Control合同履行控制Contract Plan合同计划Contract Pre-award Meetings合同预授予会议Contract Quality Requirements合同质量要求Contract Requirements合同要求Contract Risk合同风险Contract Risk Analysis合同风险分析Contract Signing合同签署Contract Strategy合同战略Contract Target Cost("CTC")合同目标成本Contract Target Price("CTP")合同目标价格Contract Type合同分类Contract Types合同类型Contract Work Breakdown Structure ("CWBS")合同工作分解结构Contract/Procurement Management合同/采购管理Contracting签订合同Contractor承包商Contractor Claims Release承包商索赔豁免Contractor Cost Data Report("CCDR")承包商成本数据报告Contractor Evaluation承包商评估Contractor Furnished Equipment承包商供应的设备Contractor Project Office承包商项目办公室Contractor Short Listing承包商短列表Contractor's Performance Evaluation承包商的绩效评价Contractual合同的参见Contractual Conditions. Contractual Conditions合同条款Contractual/Legal Requirements合同的/法律上的要求Contributed Value贡献价值参见Added Value.Contribution Analysis贡献分析Control控制参见Project Control和Control Cycle. Control Account("CA")控制帐目Control Account Manager("CAM")控制帐目经理Control Account Plan("CAP"):控制帐目计划Control and Coordination控制和协调Control Chart控制表Control Cycle控制周期Control Gate控制关口控制关卡参见Management Control Point.Control Loop控制回路Control Point控制点Control Requirements控制必要条件要求Control System控制系统Control Theory控制论Controllable Risks可控风险Controlling控制参看Project ControlControlling Relationship控制关系Coordinated Matrix协调型的矩阵Coordination协调Coordinator协调员Corporate公司Corporate Administration and Finance公司行政和财务Corporate Budget.公司预算Corporate Business Life Cycle公司商务生命周期Corporate Constraints公司限制因素Corporate Data Bank公司数据库Corporate Management公司管理Corporate Memory公司记忆库Corporate Philosophy公司价值体系,公司哲学Corporate Planning公司计划编制Corporate Project Management公司项目管理Corporate Project Strategy公司项目战略Corporate Quality Standards公司质量标准Corporate Resources公司资源Corporate Responsibility Matrix公司责任矩阵Corporate Standards公司标准Corporate Supervision公司监管Corporation公司Correction纠正Corrective Action纠正措施Correlation相关性Cost成本参见Project Cost.Cost Account成本帐目Cost Account Breakdown成本帐目分解Cost Account Manager("CAM")成本帐目经理Cost Account Plan("CAP")成本帐目计划Cost Accumulation Methods成本累加方法Cost Analysis成本分析Cost Applications成本应用Cost Avoidance成本规避Cost Baseline成本基线Cost Benefit成本效益Cost Benefit Analysis成本效益分析Cost Breakdown Structure成本分解结构Cost Budgeting成本预算Cost Ceiling封顶成本成本上限Cost Ceiling Bracket成本上限范围Cost Center成本中心Cost Check成本检查Cost Classes成本类别Cost Code成本代码Cost Codes成本代码Cost Control成本控制Cost Control Point成本控制点Cost Control System成本控制系统Cost Curve成本曲线Cost Distribution成本分摊Cost Effective成本效率成本有效的Cost Element成本元素Cost Engineering成本工程Cost Envelope成本区域Cost Estimate成本估算Cost Estimate Classification System成本估算分类系统Cost Estimating成本估算Cost Estimating Relationship成本估算关系Cost Forecast成本预测Cost Forecasting成本预测Cost Growth成本增长Cost Incurred已发生成本Cost Index成本指数Cost Indices成本指数表Cost Input成本投入Cost Management成本管理Cost Model成本模型Cost of Money资金成本Cost of Quality质量成本Cost Overrun成本超支Cost Performance Baseline成本绩效基线请参见"Cost Baseline".Cost Performance Index("CPI")成本绩效指数Cost Performance Indicator("CPI")成本绩效指数Cost Performance Measurement Baseline 成本绩效度量基线Cost Performance Ratio("CPR")成本绩效比率参见Cost Performance IndicatorCost Performance Report("CPR")成本绩效报告Cost Plan成本计划Cost Plus成本补偿Cost Plus Fixed Fee Contract("CPFF")成本加固定费用合同Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract ("CPIFC")成本加奖励费用合同Cost Plus Percentage of Cost Contract ("CPPC")成本加成本百分比合同Cost Reimbursable Contract成本补偿合同费用可偿还合同Cost Reimbursement成本补偿Cost Reimbursement Type Contracts成本补偿型合同Cost Reviews成本评审Cost Savings成本节约Cost Sharing Contract成本共享合同Cost Status成本状态Cost to Complete竣工尚需成本Cost to Complete Forecast竣工所需成本预测Cost Types成本类型Cost Variance("CV")成本偏差Cost/Schedule Status Report("C/SSR")成本/进度状态报告Cost-Benefit Analysis成本效益分析Costed Work Breakdown Structure带成本信息的工作分解结构Cost-Effectiveness成本效果分析法Costing成本核算Costing Systems成本核算系统Cost-Time Resource Sheet("CTR")成本时间资源表Counseling指导Countermeasures对策CPFFC参见"Cost Plus Fixed Fee Contract" CPI参见"Cost Performance Index".参见"Cost Performance Indicator". CPIF成本加奖励费用合同参见"Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract"CPIFC参见"Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract" CPM参见"Critical Path Method"CPN参见"Critical Path Network"CPPC参见"Cost Plus Percentage of Cost Contract"CPR参见"Cost Performance Ratio"参见Cost Performance Report"CPU参见"Central Processing Unit"CR参见"Change Request"Craft技艺Crash Costs赶工成本Crash Duration赶工工期Crashing赶工Creativity创造力Credit赊欠信誉Credited Resource已授予的资源Crisis危机Criteria标准指标Criterion标准指标Critical关键的Critical Activity关键活动Critical Chain关键链Critical Defect关键性缺陷Critical Defective有关键缺陷的产品Critical Design Review关键设计评审Critical Event关键事件Critical Factors关键因素Critical Path关键路径Critical Path Analysis关键路径分析Critical Path Method("CPM")关键路径法Critical Path Network("CPN")关键路径网络图Critical Performance Indicator关键绩效指标Critical Ratio临界比关键比率Critical Sequence关键工序Critical Sequence Analysis关键工序分析Critical Subcontractor关键分包商Critical Success Factors("CSF")关键的成功因素Critical Task关键任务Critical Work Item关键工作项Criticality Index关键指数Cross Organizational交叉型组织跨组织的Cross References交叉参照Cross-Stage Plan交叉阶段计划CSCI参见"Computer Software Configuration Item".CSF参见"Critical Success Factors"CTC参见"Contract Target Cost"CTP参见"Contract Target Price"CTR参见"Cost-Time Resource Sheet" Culture文化Culture,organizational文化组织文化Cumulative Cost-to-Date到目前为止的累计成本参见Total Expenditure to Date" Cumulative S Curve累计S曲线参见"S Curve"Currency Conversion货币兑换Current Budget当前预算Current Date Line当前日期线Current Finish Date当前完成日期Current FY Budget Allocation当前财政年的预算分配Current Start Date当前开始日期Current Status当前状态Current Year当年Custom Duty and Tax海关关税Customer客户Customer Acceptance Criteria客户验收标准Customer Furnished Equipment客户提供的设备Customer Perspective客户观点Customer/Client Personnel客户方的职员Cutoff Date移交日期Cutover移交CV参见Cost Variance"CWBS参见"Contract Work Breakdown Structure"Cybernetics控制论Cycle周期Cycle Time周期Damages损害赔偿金Dangle悬空活动Data数据Data Application数据应用Data Bank参见"Corporate Memory"Data Collection数据收集Data Date("DD")数据日期Data Entry Clerk数据录入员Data Item Description("DID")工作项描述Data Processing数据处理Data Refinements数据改进Data Type数据类型Data Structure Organization数据结构组织Database数据库Database Administrator("DBA")数据库管理员Database Management System("DBMS")数据库管理系统Date of Acceptance验收日期Day Work Account日常工作帐户DBA参见"Database Administrator"DBM见"Dynamic Baseline Model"DBMS参见"Database Management System" DCE参见"Distributed ComputingEnvironment"DCF参见"Discounted Cash Flow"DD参见"Data Date"Deactivation Plan惰性化计划Deactivation Procedures惰性化流程Debriefing投标反馈听取情况汇报情况Decentralized分散的Decision决策Decision Documentation决策文档Decision Event决策事件Decision Making制定决策Decision Making Process决策过程Decision Support System决策支持系统Decision Theory决策论Decision Tree决策树Decision Trees决策树组Decomposing分解Decomposition分解Default违约Default Values默认值Defect缺陷Defective缺陷产品Defects-Per-Hundred-Units每百个单元有缺陷的数量Deficiency缺陷Deficiency List缺陷清单Definition定义Definition Phase定义阶段Definitive确定性的Definitive Estimate确定性估算参见"Estimate"Deflection风险转移Degradation降级Delay延期Delay,compensable补偿性延期Delaying Resource资源延期Delegating授权Delegation授权Deliberate Decision Event预先准备的决策事件Deliverable可交付成果,可交付物参见"Product".Deliverable Breakdown Structure可交付物分解结构参见"Work Breakdown Structure" Deliverable Deadline可交付物的终止期限Deliverables可交付成果可交付物Deliverables Management交付物管理Delivery交付Delphi Technique德尔菲法Demonstrate演示证明Demonstrated已证明的Demonstrated Past Experience已证明的过去经验Demonstration演示Demonstration Review演示评审Department部门Departmental Budget部门预算Dependability可靠性Dependencies依赖关系Dependency活动之间的依赖关系参见Logical Relationship" Dependency Arrow关系箭线Dependency Diagram网络图前导网络图Dependency Links依赖关系Dependency Management依赖关系管理Deployment部署Deployment Lessons Learned Document部署的经验教训文档Deployment Plan部署计划Deployment Procedures部署流程Deployment Readiness Review部署准备评审Deployment View部署视图Depreciation折旧Descriptive描述性的Design设计Design&Development Phase设计和开发阶段Design Alternatives设计备选方案Design Appraisal设计评估Design Authority设计权威Design Baseline基准设计Design Bid Build设计阶段投标的建立Design Brief设计大纲Design Build设计的建立包括设计和构造Design Concept设计概念Design Contingency设计应急费用Design Contract设计合同Design Control设计控制Design Development设计开发Design Management设计管理Design Management Plan设计管理计划Design Model设计模型Design of Experiment试验设计Design Package设计包Design Review设计评审Design Subsystem设计子系统Design Time设计时间Design to Budget按预算设计Design to Cost按成本设计Design-to Specifications按规范设计Desirable Logic合意逻辑Detail Documentation详细的文档Detail Schedule详细的进度安排Detailed Design详细设计Detailed Design Stage详细设计阶段Detailed Engineering详细工程Detailed Planning详细计划Detailed Plans详细的计划参见Detailed Resource Plan和Detailed Technical PlanDetailed Resource Plan详细的资源计划Detailed Schedule详细的进度安排Detailed Technical Plan详细的技术计划Determination决定决心Determine Least Cost for Maximum Results 确定可以获得最大收获的最小成本参见Cost Benefit"Deterministic确定性的Deterministic Network确定的网络图Developed Country发达国家Developer开发人员Developing Country发展中国家Development开发参见"Development Phase"Development case开发案例Development Phase开发阶段Development Plan开发计划Development process开发过程Deviation偏差Deviation Permit允许偏差参见"Production Permit"Diagram图Diagramming参见"Scheduling"DID参见"Data Item Description" Differences偏差差异Differentials差值Differing Site Conditions不同的现场环境Direct Cost直接成本Direct Cost Contingency直接成本应急费用参见"Project Direct Cost Contingency" Direct Costs直接成本Direct Labor直接人工Direct Project Costs直接项目成本费用Directing指挥Direction指导Directive指示Director主管总监Discipline学科Discipline Maintenance规矩的维护Discontinuous Activity非连续的活动Discontinuous Processing非连续的过程Discount Rate贴现率折现率Discounted Cash Flow("DCF")折现现金流Discounting折现Discrete Effort离散工作Discrete Milestone离散里程碑Discrete Task离散任务Discrimination歧视Discussion讨论Display显示Disposal of Materials材料处置Dispute辩论Disruption破坏Disruptive破坏性的Dissemination分发。
Terminology质量术语英汉对照
capability index
cascade plan casualty causal system cause and effect cell Certification and Accreditation Administration of the People's Republic of China (China CNCA 中国国家认证认可监督管理委员会 National Certification & Accreditation Administration) certification body 认证机构 (欧洲用语, = registrar) Certification Of Completion COC 完工合格证书 champion 主管领导 Change Request / Change Record CR/CR 更改要求/更改记录 characteristics matrix 特性矩阵图 (汽车的)车架 [底盘连于车轴上且用弹簧支 chassis 撑的长方形钢架，用以固定机动车辆的车身
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5 S (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, Shitsuke):
absenteeism & sickness quota accept / reject acceptability Acceptable Quality Limit acceptance criteria acceptance figure accreditation body accredited laboratory accuracy acquisition action plan active part Advance Shipment Notification Advance Shipping Notification aftermarket parts after-the-fact American Military Standard American National Standards Institute American Society for Quality (Control) American Society for Testing & Materials Analysis Of Variance anneal Anti-skid Brake System. Appearance Approval Report appraisal cost appraiser appreciate
英汉锅炉及压力容器词汇
英汉锅炉及压力容器词汇AA-number A-No（焊缝金属成分分类号，A=Analysis）A-number analysis A-Number 化学成分A-scan A形扫描ability 能力abnormal situation 异常情况abrupt change in section 截面突变处abrupt transitions 转变的过渡部分absolute coil 绝对线圈absolute manometer 绝对压力计，绝对压强计absolute measurement 绝对测量absolute pressure 绝对压力absolute readout 绝对读数absolute system 绝对系统absolute value 绝对值absorbed energy value 吸收能值absorber 吸收塔absorption 吸附absorption characteristics 吸附特性absorption of hydrogen 吸收氢absorptivity 吸收率abutting pressure parts 相连承压件abutting sections 相连截面accelerated cooling 加速冷却acceptability 可接受性acceptable abbreviation 允许的缩写代号acceptable deviations 允许偏差acceptance criteria 合格指标，验收标准acceptance level 验收标准，合格标准acceptance limit 验收极限acceptance of material 材料的验收acceptance standard 验收标准acceptance test 验收试验access 可达性access door 检查门access for inspector 为检验师提供的方便access for welding 焊接可达性access opening 检查孔，出入孔accessibility of joint 接头可达性access opening 检查孔，出入孔accredit 授权，认可accumulation of time 时间的总和，累加时间accumulation of water 积水accumulation test 蓄汽试验，累积试验accumulation test pressure 蓄汽试验压力accuracy 精度acicular ferrite 针状铁素体acidic slag 酸性渣acidity 酸度acoustic holography 声全息照相acoustic impedance 声阻抗active carbon filter 活性炭过滤器active flux 活性焊剂active gas 活性气体actual design pressure 实际设计压力actual metal temperature 金属实际温度actual stress 真实应力actual stress distribution 实际应力分布actual thickness 实际厚度actual throat （角）焊缝实际厚度actual throat of a fillet weld 角焊缝实际厚度actual value 实际值Adamson furnace 阿登生式炉胆Adamson ring 阿登生圈Adamson type furnace 阿登生式炉胆Adaptor 承接接头adaptive control welding 适应控制焊接added mass 外加质量addenda 增补（在ASME规范中“addenda”一词的内涵甚广，包括“增”“删”“修补”“勘误”等，不仅限于“补遗”）additional bending stress 附加弯曲应力additional data 附加数据additional design principles 补充设计规则additional distortion 附加变形additional fabrication test 附加工艺试验additional inspection 附加检验additional reinforcement 附加补强additional requirements 附加要求additional strain 附加应变additional strength 附加强度additional stress 附加应力additional tension test 附加拉伸试验additional term 附加项additional testing 附加试验additional wall thickness 附加壁厚additional weld metal build-up 额外堆焊的焊缝金属adhering slag 挂渣adhesive content 粘合剂含量adjacent chamber 相邻室，相邻舱adjacent course 相邻筒节adjacent cylinder 相邻筒体adjacent cylindrical section 相邻筒节adjacent hole 邻孔adjacent layer 相邻层adjacent opening 相邻孔adjacent region 临区，相邻区域adjacent sliding surface 邻接的滑动表面，相邻滑动面adjacent surface 相邻面adjoining edge 连接边缘接口adjustable distance piece 可调定距块，可调定距管adjusted pressure ratings for flanges and fittings 法兰和附件的折算压力级别administration fee 管理费用administration supervision 行政监督，管理上的监督adsorbed（surface）moisture （表面）吸附的水分affinity 亲和力affinity for carbon 对碳的亲和力age-hardening crack 时效硬化裂纹ageing 时效ageing induced crack 时效裂纹ageing treatment 时效处理agglomerate flux 粘结焊剂aggregate area 截面积的总和，总截面积aggregate relieving capacity 总泄放量aggregate time 总时间aggregate value capacity 叠加的安全阀排放量air arc cutting 空气电弧切割air-cooled condition 空冷状态air dried hard wood 风干硬木air dried peat 风干泥煤air dried soft wood 风干软木air dried wood 风干木材air entrainment 卷吸空气air pockets 气泡，气袋air-tight coating 气密性覆层air-tight protective coating 气密性保护覆层air-underwater pressure test （管子）水下气压试验algebraic sum 代数和algorithm 算法aligning parts 对准部件alignment tolerance 对准公差alkali ion diode 碱离子二极管alligator crack pattern 鳄鱼皮状裂纹图象（热疲劳裂纹的表现）allowable bolt design stress 螺栓许用设计应力allowable external working pressure 许用工作外压allowable flange stress 法兰许用应力allowable flange stress intensity 法兰许用应力强度allowable maximum service stress 许用最大工作应力allowable staybolt pitch 拉撑螺栓许用节距，拉撑螺栓允许节距allowable stress value 许用应力（值）allowable working pressure 许用工作压力allowance for abrasion 腐蚀裕量allowance for corrosion 腐蚀裕量alloy clad steel plate 合金复合钢板alloy composition 合金成分alloy layer 合金层alloying element 合金元素all-position welding 全位置焊all-weld tensile test 全焊缝金属拉伸试验alternate base material 代用母材alternate heat treatment 另一种热处理（工艺）alternate internal and external pressures 交变内外压alternate plastic strain 交替塑性应变alternate specimen 另一种试样alternate tension test orientation 另一种拉伸试样取样方位alternating stress 交变应力alternating stress amplitude 交变应力幅alternating stress intensity 交变应力强度aluminium (aluminum) 铝aluminium alloy 铝合金aluminium alloy gas cylinder 铝合金气瓶aluminium-base material 铝基材料aluminium-base alloy 铝基合金aluminium bronze 铝青铜aluminium nitride 铝的氮化物aluminium overlay 铝铁合金层American Boiler Manufactures’Association (ABMA) 美国锅炉制造者协会American Society of Metals (ASM) 美国金属学会American Welding Society (AWS) 美国焊接学会ambient temperature 环境温度ammeter shunt 安培计分流器ammonia converter 氨合成塔ammonia liquor scrubber 氨母液洗涤塔ammonium copper acetate solution scrubber 醋酸铜胺洗涤塔amount of corrosion allowance 腐蚀裕量amount of forge work 锻造量amount of machining 机加工量amount of melting 熔化量amount of paperwork 资料工作量amount of trapped jet 捕集的射流量ampere turns 安匝ample drains 足够大的疏水量（器）ample size 足够大的尺寸amplitude 幅度，振幅amplitude distortion 幅度畸变amplitude linearity 幅度线性，垂直线性amplitude response 幅度响应analogue system 模拟系统analyticalapproach 分析方法analytical procedure 分析程序analytical solution 解析解决anchor bolt 基础螺栓anchor bolt chair 基础螺栓座ancillary fabrication method 辅助工艺方法，外围制造方法angle beam 斜射波束angle beam examination （超声）斜探法检验angle beam probe 斜探头angle butt joint 斜向对接接头angle joint 锐角接头[两构件平面交角在0°（对接）和90°（角接）之间的接头] angle of bevel 坡口面角度angle of impingement 入射角angle of rotation （焊缝）转角angle sheer wave probe 切变斜边探头，横波斜探头angle shot 斜探angle type drain valve 角型疏水阀angstrom unit (A’) 埃（计量单位）angular deformation (of butt welding joint) 角变形angular deviation 角变形angular distortion 角偏差angular misalignment 角形位错，角形错位angularity of tangent line 切线夹角anisotropy 各向异性annealed material 退火材料annealing 退火annealed aluminium 退火铝annual addenda 年度增补annular 环状annular coil clearance 环形线圈间隙angular coils 环形线圈angular ring 圆环annulus 环隙annulus between layers and nozzle neck 层板和接管颈部之间的环隙anode corrosion inhibitor 阳极缓蚀剂anode drop 阳极压降anode fall 阳极压降ANSI= American National Standard Institute 美国国家标准学会ANSI Standard pipe flanges and fittings ANSI钢制管法兰和附件标准anthracite 无烟煤anticipated life 预期寿命anticipated maximum allowable working pressure 预期（估计，估算的）最高允许工作压力anticipated operating life 预期操作寿命anticipated pressure 预期压力anticipated time to failure 预期失效时间anti-galling compound 抗磨化合物anti-seismic test 抗震试验anti-seize compound 防咬死化合物anti-vibration test 抗震试验antimony 锑（Sb）aperture leak 小孔泄漏apex angle 顶角apparatus 设备appearance of strain line 出现应变线appearance of weld 焊缝成形appendix 附录appliance 设备，附件appliance and fittings 附件和配件applicable documents 相关文件，适用文件（在ASME规范第二卷中“document”一词实际上是指“标准”，故本词条亦可译为“相关标准”或“适（选）用标准”）applicable requirements 适用（的）要求applicant 申请人application （1）申请（2）用途"application, calibration and maintenance of test gages" 试验用压力表的使用、检定和维护（修）application for authorization to use Code Stamp 申请授权使用规范钢印application for Code Stamp 规范钢印的申请application form 申请书application of Code 规范的使用(在ASME规范中专指ASME规范)application of particles 磁粉的施加application of pressure 压力的施加，加压application work 安装工艺applied corrosion resistant linings 耐（腐）蚀衬里applied linings 衬里applied-lining construction 衬里结构applied loadings 外加载荷applied loading stress 外加载荷应力applied stress 作用应力appraisal 评价，鉴定appraisal cost 鉴定费用approval 批准，认可approval testing of welders 焊工录用考试approved Code specification 规范批准的技术条件（此处专指ASME规范）approved draft 批准稿approved specification 认可的标准，批准的技术条件approved welder 被录用的焊工approved welding procedure 批准的焊接工艺approximate 近似的approximate analysis 近似分析approximate location 大概位置，估计位置approximate solution 近似解approximate solution for fatigue strength 疲劳强度近似解appurtenance 附件，辅件appurtenant material 附件材料arbitrary figure 任意指定的材料arc （1）弧（2）电弧arc air gouging 电弧气刨arc atmosphere 电弧气氛arc blow 电弧偏吹arc column 弧柱arc core 弧心arc cutting 电弧切割arc efficiency 电弧效率arc eye 电光性眼炎arc force 电弧力arc gap 弧长arc length 弧长arc length control 弧长控制arc length of relevant redial gap 相关径向间隙的弧长arc motion 电弧的运动arc oscillation 电弧摆动arc seam weld 电弧缝焊arc sensor 电弧传感元件arc self-regulation 电弧自身调节arc spot welding 电弧点焊arc stability 电弧稳定性arc stiffness 电弧挺度arc strike 打弧，碰弧arc stud welding 螺柱弧焊arc voltage 电弧电压arc voltage control （A VC）弧压（长）控制arc welding 电弧焊arc welding electrode 电焊条arch bar 拱形横条area equalization method 等面积（补强）法area of a segment 弓形面积area of microsegregation 微观偏析区area of probable high stress concentration 高应力集中的可能部位area of reinforcement 补强面积area of uncertainty 不确定区area requirement （补强）面积要求area requirement for reinforcement 补强的面积要求area to be compensated 应补偿的面积argon arc welding 氩弧焊argon blowing 吹氩argon-hydrogen mixture 氩氢混合气体（物）arithmetical average deviation 算术平均偏差值arsenic 砷（As）art of boiler construction 锅炉建造工艺article 章artificial aging 人工时效artificial discontinuity 人工缺陷asbestos gasket 石棉垫片asbestos strips 石棉片as-brazed 钎态，钎焊后状态as-clad area 复合状态下的面积as-clad condition 复合状态as-dipped aluminum coating 浸渍型热镀铝层as-finned 制翅状态as-heat treated edge 热处理边缘as-hot worked product 热锻件as-received condition 收货状态“as-received” material “收货状态”的材料as rolled 轧态as rolled surface 轧制面as-welded 焊态as-welded condition 焊态ash[??] pit 灰坑ASME=American Society of Mechanical Engineers 美国机械工程师协会ASME Code Symbol Stamp ASME规范标志钢印ASME Collective Membership Mark ASME团体会员资格标志ASME designee ASME指定的人员ASME symbols ASME标志assembler 装配厂，安装者assembler’s stamp 安装者的钢印assembly （1）组合（2）组装，装配assembly jigs 装配夹具assembly methods 安装方法assessment 评审，评价assessment curve 评定线assessment of defect 缺陷评定assessment point 评定点assessment of significance of weld defect 焊接缺陷评定asset 优点，益处assign and remove welders 指派和调动焊工assignable cause 确定性原因assignment of welder identification symbols 指定焊工识别代号assumed opening 假想孔assumed value 假定值，假设值assumption 假设ASTM=American Society for Testing Materials 美国材料试验协会ASTM designation ASTM代号asymmetric double V groove 不对称X形坡口asymmetrically loaded membrane shell 承受不对称载荷的薄壳asymmetric elastic stress field 非对称的弹性应力场at fabricator’s option 根据制造厂的选择atmosphere of furnace 炉内气氛atmosphere condition 大气条件atmosphere contamination 大气污染atmosphere pressure 大气压强atmosphere tank 常压储罐atomic mass unit (AMU) 原子质量单位atomic plane 原子（平）面atomic structure 原子结构attached test coupon 连接在一起的试坯attachment （1）连接（2）附件attachment area 连接区域attachment details 装配细节attachment joint 连接接头attachment load 附件载荷attachment of applied linings 衬里的施工attachment of piping to boiler outlet 锅炉本体与管道的连接attachment procedure 连接工艺attachment weld 连接焊缝attachment weld metal 连接的焊缝金属attachments and supports 附件和支承（撑）attenuation 衰减attenuator （1）缓冲材料（2）衰减器atypical 非典型的audible leak indicator 音响泄漏指示器audible warning device 音响报警装置audit 检查，巡检（查）（在ASME规范中专指由A.I对持证工厂质保体系执行情况所进行的定期或不定期、局部或全面（部）的复查）augmented surface heat exchanger 强化传热面换热器austenitic chromium nickel stainless steel 奥氏体铬镍不锈钢austenitic creep -resistant steel 奥氏体抗蠕变不锈钢austenitic grain boundaries 奥氏体晶界austenitic stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢austenitic steel 奥氏体钢austenitic test record 真实的试验记录authority 权力，权限authority to use the material 有权使用该材料authorization 授权authorization Code symbol 授权使用（ASME）规范标志authorization to use stamp 授权用印，授权使用钢印authorized Code inspection 授权按照规范检验authorized inspection （A.I.）授权检验Authorized Inspector （A.I.）授权检验师Authorized Inspection Agency (AIA) 授权检验机构Authorized Observer (AO) 授权监查师，授权观察员Authorized representative 授权代表，被授权的代表autofrettage 自增强autofrettage effect 自增强效应autofrettage of thick cylinder 厚壁筒的自增强autofrettaged state 自增强状态autogenous process 自熔焊方法autogenous single-pass welding 单道自熔焊autogenous welding head 自熔焊焊接机头automatic brazing 自动钎焊automatic deburring machine 自动去毛刺机automatic device 自动控制装置automatic feedback system 自动反馈系统automatic fuel regulating governor 自动燃料调节控制器automatic low-water fuel cutout 自动低水位燃料切断器automatic oxygen cutting 自动气割automatic pressure-actuated relieving device 压力驱动的自动泄压装置automatic pressure relieving device 自动泄压装置automatic recording of temperature 自动记录温度automatic sequence controller 自动顺序控制器automatic shutoff valve 自动截断阀，自（动）闭式钢球防护装置（锅炉）automatic shutoff valve on water gage 水位表的自（动封）闭式钢球防护装置automatic water gage 自闭式水位表automatic welding 自动焊auxiliaries 附件，辅助品auxiliary feedwater heating and circulating device 辅助给水加热和循环装置auxiliary firing 辅助燃烧auxiliary pressure relief valve 辅助泄压阀available 可得到的，现有的，有效的available moment of inertia 有效惯性矩available space 有效空间average coefficient of discharge 平均排放系数，平均排汽系数average grain size 平均晶粒度average life 平均寿命average membrane stress 平均薄膜应力average middle circumferential expansion 中部周向平均伸长average of defect rate 平均缺陷发生率average stress 平均应力average wall tubing 平均壁厚管AWS=American Welding Society 美国焊接协会AWS Classification AWS型号axial alignment 轴向对准，轴向对中axial flow 轴流axial loading 轴向载荷axial temperature distribution 轴向温度分布axial tension 轴向拉伸axial thermal gradient 轴向温度梯度axis of weld 焊缝轴线axisymmetrical surface of revolution 轴对称螺旋曲面CCA=chemical analysis 化学分析caged ladder 笼式扶梯，带护栏的梯子cage for the tube bundle 管束笼架calcium carbonate scale formation 碳酸钙结垢calculated test pressure 计算的试验压力calculation value of stress 应力的计算值calibrated flowmeter 标定过的流量计calibration 检定，校准calibration of test gage 试验用压力表的检定calibration reflector 校准反射体call for bids on 招标call for tenders 招标camber 镰刀弯，翘曲capacity （1）容量（2）蒸发量（3）能力（4）功率（5）排放量capacity certification （1）排放量的证明（2）排放量认证，排放量鉴定capacity conversion 容量换算capacity lift 提升高度capacity rating 额定排量，额定泄放量capacity test data report 排放量试验数据报告capillary action 毛细管作用capillary attraction 毛细管引力capped steel 封顶（沸腾）钢，压盖（沸腾）钢capping operation （沸腾钢）压盖操作carbide formers 碳化物形成元素carbide phase 碳化物相carbon arc air gouging 碳弧气刨carbon arc cutting 碳弧切割carbon content 碳含量carbon diffusion 碳扩散carbon electrode 碳电极carbon equivalent 碳当量carbon equivalent formula 碳当量计算公式carbon high-alloy steel 高合金碳钢carbon low alloy steel 低合金碳钢carbon-molybdenum alloy-steel boiler tube 碳钼合金钢锅炉管carbon monoxide 一氧化碳carbon steel 碳钢carbon steel joint 焊接点carbon steel seamless drum forging 碳钢无缝锅炉锻件carbon-strengthening 碳强化（作用）carbonitride 碳氮化物carbureted water gas 增碳的水煤气carburized austenitic grain 渗碳奥氏体晶粒carrier fluid 载液casing （1）箱（2）壳，外包壳casing of pump 泵壳（体）casing of safety valve 安全阀壳cassette 暗壳cast analysis 浇注钢水分析cast ductile iron 可锻铸铁cast header 铸铁集箱cast high-alloy steel flange 高合金钢铸造法兰cast iron 铸铁cast iron bodied safety relief valve 铸铁阀体的安全泄压阀cast iron header 铸铁集箱cast iron mud drum 铸铁泥锅炉/锅筒cast iron pipe flange 铸铁（输送）管法兰cast iron threaded fitting 螺纹连接的铸铁附件cast nodular iron 球墨铸铁（球铁）cast part 铸件cast structure 铸造组织casting 铸件casting for pressure part 受压件用铸件casting quality factor （1）铸件质量系数（2）铸造质量系数casting repair 铸件修补catalyst 触媒catastrophic failure 灾难性事故categories of failures 失效类别cathode copper 电解铜cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) 阴极射线示波器cathodic corrosion inhibitor 阴极缓蚀剂cathodic protection 阴极保护cause code 原因代码cause for rejection 报废原因，拒收原因cause of deficiency 缺陷原因cause of failure 失效原因caustic 腐蚀cavitation 形成空穴，成穴（作用）cavitation nucleation rate 空穴成核率cavity 空穴cells 晶胞cement copper 沉淀铜cemented-carbide 硬质合金，烧结碳化物cemented-carbide tool 硬质合金刀具center ingot segregates 钢锭芯部偏析物center of inertia 矩心center of mass 质心center of palm diagonal stay 斜拉杆掌部中心center of stay 拉杆中心center region 中心区center row of tubes 中心管排center-to-center distance 中心距centerline of bolts 螺栓中心线centerline of vessel 容器中心线central conductor 中心导体central portion 中心部位central rows of tubes "中心管排,中排管子"central-station 中央电站central through crack 中心穿透裂纹centre of failure 破坏核心centrifugal casting 离心浇注的铸件，离心铸件centrifugally cast carbon steel pipe 离心铸造碳钢管centroid 形心，质心ceramic pad 陶瓷绝缘的电热垫ceramic web 陶瓷片certificate 证书certificate of authorization 授权证书（许可证）certificate of authorization holder 授权证书持有人certificate of compliance 合格证（书）certificate of impact test 冲击试验证明书certification 证明书certification of competency 合格证书certification of testing personnel 探场人员资格证书certification of welder approval 合格证焊工certified material test report 合格的材料试验报告certified test facility 经检（核）定的试验设备certified test report 合格的试验报告CF=cold forming 冷成形CF (crack -free) steel （低裂纹敏感性）钢CG=gas cutting 气割chairman 主席chamfer 倒角，倒棱chamfered 倒棱的chamfered layer 斜切层chance error 偶然性差错changes in metal temperature 金属温度的变化，壁温变化channel 管箱，平盖管箱，管箱头channel box 管箱channel cover 管箱盖channel end 管箱端channel nozzle 管箱接管characteris(z)ation of defects 缺陷的定性characteristic curve 特性曲线charge （1）一次炸药量（2）充电（3）电荷charge container 药包charge mass 药量Charpy bar 夏比冲击试样，夏比棒Charpy impact test 夏比冲击试验Charpy subsize specimen 小尺寸夏比试样Charpy specimen 夏比冲击试样Charpy V-notch curve 夏比V形缺口曲线Charpy V-notch impact test 夏比V形缺口冲击试验Charpy V-notch transition curve 夏比V形缺口冲击值转变曲线chart 算图，曲线（图），图，表chattering 振颤check 检查，校核，核对check analysis 校核分析check ball 止回球check of heat treatment practice 热处理实施情况的检查check of dimensions 尺寸校核，尺寸检查check of welder qualification 焊工评定的检查check of welding operation qualification 焊机操作工评定的检查check of welding procedure 焊接工艺的检查check test 验证试验check valve 止回阀chemical analysis of deposit 熔敷金属化学性质（成分）chemical cleaning 化学情况chemical check analysis "验证性化学分析,化学成分校核分析"chemical composition 化学成分chemical composition certification 化学成分证明chemical concentration 化学成分浓缩chemical feed 投药chemical flux 化学焊剂chemical inhibitor 化学缓蚀(抑制)剂chemical process vessel 化工容器chemical product analysis 成品化学分析chemical reaction fouling 化学反应结垢chemical refining 化学精炼chemical requirements 化学成分要求chemically neutral material 在化学性质上中性的材料chevron cracking 八字形开裂，八字形纹，锯齿形（山形）裂纹Chief Boiler Inspector 首席锅炉检验师chief inspector "总检验师,首席检验师"chilling effect 激冷效应，激冷作用China Nation Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau 中国国家进出口商品检验局chip marks 削痕，刻痕chipping mark 表面铲伤chord length 弦长chromium carbide 碳化铬chromium depletion 含铬(现象)chromium equivalent 铬当量circle of contact 接触圈circlip 开口弹簧圈circular crack 圆（圈）形裂纹circular field 周向磁场circular flange 圆形法兰circular flue 火筒，冲天管circular forging 圆锻件circular furnace 炉胆circular hole 圆孔circular magnetic field 周向磁场circular magnetization 周向磁化circular stiffening ring 加强环（圈）circumference 周长circumferential band 环形带circumferential belt 环带circumferential buckling 环向失稳circumferential coils 圆环线圈circumferential expansion 周向伸长circumferential pitch 周向节距circumferential radius of curvature 环向曲率半径circumferential seam 环缝circumferential stress 环向应力circumferential weld 环（形）焊缝circumventing 失灵circumventing of safety device 安全装置失灵city gas 城市煤气civil agencies 民用部门，民用机构civil engineering 土木工程clad brazing sheet 敷钎料板clad construction 复合板结构clad layer 覆（复）层，堆焊层clad plate 复合板clad plate as rolled 轧态复合板clad sheet 复合片clad shells 复合壳体clad Tubesheet 复合管板cladding 复合板cladding material 复层材料cladding process 复合过程class of fit 配合等级classification 分类，类别clean 清洗cleaning action 净化作用，清理作用cleaning action of the cathode 阴极清理作用cleaning machinery 清洗机（器）cleaning report 清洗报告cleanliness 洁净度cleanout door 清扫孔cleanout door on setting 锅炉外壁上的清扫孔clean-up 清除clean-up time 清除时间clearance 间隙clear break 脆断cleavage 解理，劈裂cleavage crack 解理裂纹cleavage fracture 劈裂client 买方（主），顾客，委托人，当事人，climate condition 气候条件clip 卡箍，支架，支耳clock number 上班计时卡号码close addition of alloys 严格控制合金加入close coiling 紧密盘管close proximity 极为贴近close tube pitch 密管距，极小的管距closed bonnet 封闭的阀帽closed circuit television (CCTV) 闭路电视closed furnace 封闭炉膛closed joint 无间隙接头closed loop control 闭环控制closed loop operation 闭环操作closed loop play back 闭环再现closed-pitched banks of tubes 密排的管排closed-pitched tube 密排管closed vessel 密闭容器closing seam 封闭（焊）缝closely fitted surfaces 密封装配表面，被紧密装配在一起的表面closure bar （夹套容器的）封闭件closure flange 封头法兰closure weld 封闭焊缝clusec 克流西克（流速计量单位/漏损单位，1克流西克=1/100流西克（lusec），通常用标准立方厘米/秒clustered porosity 密集气孔群clustered slag inclusions 密集夹渣Ddamage 损伤（表面缺陷的一种）damage to structures 结构破坏damper regulator 挡板调节器damping 阻尼damping factor 阻尼系数damping ratio 阻尼比dark adaptation 黑暗适应dark band 暗带data books 数据手册，数据夹data handling system 数据处理系统data processing inspection 数据处理检查Data Report 数据报告Data Report Form 数据报告形式data storage and retrieval system 数据存储和检索系统date of expiration （有效）期满日期date of issue 出版日期，发布日期date of notification 通知的日期davit 吊柱，吊杆day to day QA implementation 质量保证实施日计划DB=dip brazing 浸沾钎焊DC permanent magnet motor system 直流永磁电机系统DC servomotor-generators 直流伺服电机发电机组dead-end cylinder 封闭圆筒dead length 绝对长度dead loads 静载荷deadweight safety valves 静重式安全阀dead zone 盲区debonding 界面脱离debris damage 碎片伤害decarburized layer 脱碳层decibel (dB) 分贝decohesion 减聚decohesion of inclusions 夹杂物减聚decomposer 分解器deconcentrators 反浓缩器deduction 扣除，减去de-energize to trip 断电脱扣deep penetration welding 深熔焊defect 缺陷defect acceptance clauses 缺陷验收条款defect analysis 缺陷分析defect and correction reports 缺陷修正报告defect depth sizing 缺陷深度定量defect detection 缺陷的检验defect distribution 缺陷分布defect free crystals 无缺陷的晶体defect frequency 缺陷发生率，缺陷(的)频度defect rate 缺陷发生率defect resolution 缺陷分辨力defect size evaluation 缺陷尺寸评定defect significance 缺陷的危害性defect types 缺陷类型definitely determinable yield point 明显屈服点definition "（1）定义（2）清晰度，分辨力,分辨率"deflection 挠度，偏角deflection bent test 扳弯试验deflection of tray 塔盘挠度deflectors 折流板deformation 变形deformed layer 变形层degassing 除气，脱气degradation 下降，降级，变坏degradation of material properties 材料性能下降/变坏degradation of properties 性能恶化degreasing fluid 除油液degree of accuracy 精确度degree of soundness 完好程度degree of stress relaxation 应力松弛度，消除应力的程度dehydrogenation 去氢delamination "脱层, 分层"delayed crack 延迟裂纹delayed fracture 延迟断裂delayed sweep 延时扫描deleterious effects 有害影响delivery dates 交货日期delivery schedule 交货时间表Delong’s diagram 德龙组织图Delrin "甲醛聚合体, 迭尔林(聚甲醛树酯)（美杜邦化学公司产品）" delta ferrite level δ-铁素体含量demagnetization 退磁demarcation 界限demineralized water preheater 无矿物质水预热罐Dempster MS 迪姆帕斯特质谱仪dendrite structure 枝晶组织dendritic crystals 枝晶dendritic growth 枝晶/状生长dendritic orientation 枝晶取向denominations 命名dense layer 密实层densitometer 黑度计densitometric method 黑度计法density 密度，黑度density comparison strip 黑度比较片denuded zone 裸露区deoxidants 脱氧剂deoxidation 脱氧deoxidation of molten steel 钢水脱氧deoxidation products 脱氧产物deoxidation reaction 脱氧反应deoxidized copper 脱氧铜departure from design shape 不符合设计形状departure from these limits 不受这些限制dephosphorisation reaction 脱磷反应deposit （1）熔敷金属（2）沉积物deposited metal 熔敷金属deposited weld metal 熔敷的焊缝金属deposition coefficient 熔敷系数deposition efficiency 熔敷效率deposition rate 熔敷速率deposition sequence 熔敷顺序deposit of sediments 水垢沉积物depressurizing 减压depth hardenability 深度淬透性depth of crown bar 顶部横梁/条的高度depth of girder 横梁高度depth of injurious imperfections 有害缺陷的深度depth of offset 偏移深度depth of penetration 熔透深度，熔深depth to width ratio 深宽比derivation of stress intensities 应力强度的推导descending grades 下坡description of terms 名词定义/解释design 设计design acceptability 设计的合格性design and drawing approval 设计和图纸标准design and document control 设计管理和文件管理design and Engineering Department 工程设计处design appraisal 设计评价，设计鉴定design approach 设计方法design assurance 设计保证design agent 指定代理人design bolt loads 螺栓设计载荷design bursting temperature 设计爆破温度design criteria 设计准则design curves 设计曲线design detail 详细设计，技术设计，细节设计design discharge area 设计泄放面积design discharge capacity 设计泄放流量design documents 设计文件design fatigue curve 疲劳设计曲线design function 设计功能design input 设计数据design internal pressure 设计内压design metal temperature 设计壁温，设计金属温度design methods 设计方法design pressure 设计压力design principles 设计规则design process 设计过程design quality assurance 设计质量保证design requirements 设计要求design review 设计审查，设计评审design rules 设计规则，设计规定design rules for details 细节设计规则design shape 设计形状design specification 设计技术条件design stage 设计阶段design steam generating capacity 蒸汽设计发生量design stress intensities 设计应力强度（值）design stress intensity values 设计应力强度值design temperature 设计温度design theory 设计理论designated representative 指定的代表designated specification 指定技术条件designated value 额定值designation 牌号designer engineer 设计工程师designs for approval 报审设计desired service life 期定寿命destructive tests 破坏性试验desulphurized hot metal 脱硫铁水desulphurizer 转化气脱硫罐desuperheating zone 减温区（域）detachability characteristics of slags 脱渣性能detachable pressure chamber 可分的受压室，可拆卸的受压室detachment 分离detail of taper 斜度详图detailed analysis 详细分析detailed calculation 详细计算detailed calculation of loading condition 载荷条件的详细计算detailed fatigue analysis 详细疲劳分析detailed marking 详细标记detailed stress analysis 详细应力分析details of design 设计细节detectability 可检性detection sensitivity 检测灵敏度detergent remover 洗涤去除剂deterioration 恶化情况deterioration due to environment 环境引起的腐蚀determination of temperature reductions （冲击试验）温度降低的测量/测定detonation products 爆轰产物detonation velocity 爆轰速度detonator 雷管detrimental discoloration 有害的色斑detrimental effect 有害作用developer 显相/像剂developing time 显相/象时间deviation 偏差deviation from true shape 偏离真实形状，形状偏差deviation measurement 偏差测量（点）devices （1）措施（2）工艺装备dew point 露点diagonal length 斜向长度diagonal ligaments 对角线孔桥diagonal pitch 对角线节距diagonal stays 斜拉撑dials 刻度盘dials range 盘面范围diamagnetic material 逆磁性材料diameter-to-thickness ratio 径厚比diametrically opposed reference points 径向相对的参考点diamond layout 钻石排列（即转角正方形排列）die forging 模锻die formed parts 模压成形件die formed standard pressure parts 模压的标准承压零部件die stamping 打钢印differential coils 差动线圈differential cooling 局部冷却differential element 微元differential equations 微分方程differential expansion 差胀differential leak detector 差动式检漏仪differential measurements 差动测量differential pirani gage 差动式皮拉尼计differential plastic strain 不均匀塑性应变differential pressure 压力差differential readout 差动读数differential shell element 壳体微元differential signal 差动信号differential strains 不均匀应变differential system 差动系统differential thermal expansion 热膨胀差differential pressure levels 不同压力等级difficulty of slag removal 清渣困难diffuse indication 弥散性显示diffused aluminum coating 扩散型热浸镀铝层diffusible hydrogen 扩散氢diffusion 碳矿diffusion of carbon 碳扩散diffusion process 扩散过程diffusivity 扩散率diffusivity of hydrogen 氢的扩散率digging action 挖掘作用digital meters 数字式仪表digital readout 数（字）显（示）digital systems 数字系统dilation 膨胀变形dilution 稀释dilution effect 稀释效应dilution of parent material 母材的稀释dimension 尺寸dimensional check 尺寸检验dimensional limitations 尺寸限制dimensional measurements 尺寸测量dimensional requirements 尺寸要求dimensionless 无因次dimensions in corroded condition 蚀态尺寸，腐蚀状态下的尺寸dimension-stabilised condition 尺寸稳定状态。
常用质量术语中英文对照表
计数值
Brainstorming
头脑风暴法
ContinuousData
计量值
Continuous Improvement
持续改进
COPQ (Cost of Poor Quality)
不良质量成本损失
Control Chart
控制图
CPK
过程能力指数
CTQ (Critical to Quality)
规格下限
UCL (Up Control Line)
控制上限
LCL (Low Control Line)
控制下限
CL (Control Line)
控制线
SQA(Source (supplier)QualityAssurance)
供应商品质保证
TQM (Total Quality Management)
常用质量术语中英文对照表
AC (Acceptability Criteria)
验收标准
ANOVA
方差分析
AQL(Acceptable Quality Level)
可接受质量水平
APQP (Advanced Product Quality Planning and Control Plan)
产品质量先期策划和控制计划
QHSMS
职业健康安全管理体系
QM (Quality Management)
质量管理
QMS (Quality Management System)
质量管理体系
QS (Quality System)
质量体系
Quality Policy
质量方针
Quality objective
项目管理术语中英文对照
PM术语中英文对照ABC参见Activity Based CostingABM参见Activity Based ManagementAbstract Resource 抽象资源Abstraction 抽象Acceleration 加速Acceptability Criteria 验收标准Acceptable Quality Level ("AQL") 可接受质量水平Acceptance 验收Acceptance Criteria 验收标准Acceptance Letters 验收函Acceptance Number 接受数目Acceptance Review 验收评审Acceptance Test 验收测试Acquisition Methods 采购方式Acquisition Negotiations 采购谈判Acquisition Plan 采购计划Acquisition Plan Review ("APR") 采购计划评审Acquisition Planning 采购计划编制Acquisition Process 采购过程Acquisition Strategy 采购策略Action 行动Action Item 行动项Action Item Flags 行动项标记Action Plan 行动计划Activation 激活Active Listening 积极倾听Activity Arrow Net 活动箭线网络Activity Based Costing ("ABC") 基于活动的成本核算Activity Based Management ("ABM") 基于活动的管理Activity Calendar 活动日历Activity Code 活动代码Activity Definition 活动定义Activity Description 活动描述Activity Duration 活动工期活动持续时间Activity Duration Estimating 活动工期估算Activity Elaboration 活动详述Activity File 活动档案Activity ID 活动识别码Activity List 活动清单Activity Node Net 活动节点网络双代号网络Activity on Arc ("AOA") 弧线表示活动双代号网络Activity on Arrow ("AOA") 箭线表示活动双代号网络参见Arrow Diagramming Method.Activity on Node 节点表示活动单代号网络参见Activity on Arc 和Precedence Diagram Method. Activity Oriented 面向活动Activity Oriented Schedule 面向活动的进度计划Activity Properties 活动属性Activity Quantities 活动量值Activity Status 活动状态Activity Timing 活动定时Actor 执行者角色Actual 实际的Actual and Scheduled Progress 实际进展的与计划进度Actual Cost 实际成本Actual Cost Data Collection 实际成本汇总Actual Costs 实际费用Actual Dates 实际日期Actual Direct Costs 实际直接成本Actual Expenditures 实际的支出参见Actual Costs.Actual Finish 实际完成Actual Finish Date 实际完成日期Actual Start 实际开始Actual Start Date 实际开始日期ACWP 已完成工作实际成本See Actual Cost of Work PerformedAdaptation 适应Added V alue 附加价值Addendum 附录参见procurement addendum.Adequacy 适当Adjourning 解散Adjustment 调节ADM参见Arrow Diagram MethodADM Project ADM 项目Administration 管理部门Administrative 行政的参见Administrative ManagementAdministrative Change 行政变更Administrative Management 行政管理ADP参见Automated Data ProcessingADR参见Alternative Dispute ResolutionAdvanced Material Release ("AMR") 材料提前发布AF参见Actual Finish DateAFE参见Application for Expenditure参见Authority for ExpenditureAffect 影响Affected Parties 受影响方Agency 代理Agenda 议程Aggregation 汇总Agreement 协议Agreement, legal 协议合同ALAP参见As-Late-As-PossibleAlgorithm 算法Alignment 排列成行Alliance 联合Allocated Baseline 分配的基线Allocated Requirements 分配需求Allocation 分配Allowable Cost 允许成本Allowance 预留Alternate Resource 替代资源Alternative Analysis 替代分析Alternative Dispute Resolution ("ADR") 替代争议解决方案Alternatives 可选方案Ambiguity 含糊不清Amendment 修订Amount at Stake 损失量AMR 材料提前公布Analysis 分析Analysis and Design 分析与设计Analysis Time 分析期Analyst 分析员AND Relationship 与关系Anecdotal 轶事Anticipated Award Cost 预期中标价AOA参见Activity on Arrow参见Activity on ArcAONAOQ参见Average Outgoing QualityAOQL参见Average Outgoing Quality LimitAPMA参见Area of Project Management ApplicationApparent Low Bidder 最低投标人Application 应用Application Area 应用领域Application for Expenditure ("AFE") 支出申请Application for Expenditure Justification 支出申请的论证Application Programs 应用程序Applied Direct Costs 实际直接成本Apportioned Effort 分摊努力Apportioned Task 分摊任务Appraisal 评估Approach 方法Appropriation 拨款Approval 批准Approval to Proceed 批准继续Approve 同意Approved Bidders List 批准的投标人清单Approved Changes 批准的变更Approved Project Requirements 批准的项目需求APR参见Acquisition Plan ReviewAQL参见Acceptable Quality LevelArbitrary 随意的Arbitration 仲裁Arc 弧线Architectural Baseline 构架基线Architectural View 构架视图Architecture 构架Architecture, executable 构架可执行参见Executable Architecture.Archive 档案文件Archive Plan 存档计划Area of Project Application参见Area of Project Management ApplicationArea of Project Management Application ("APMA") 项目管理的应用领域Arrow 箭线Arrow DiagramArrow Diagram Method ("ADM") 箭线图方法Arrow Diagramming 箭线图方法Arrow Diagramming Method 箭线图方法双代号网络图Artifact 制品Artificial 人工的AS参见Actual Start DateASAP参见As-Soon-As-PossibleAs-built Design 实际建造设计As-built Documentation 实际建造文档As-Built Records参见As-Built DocumentationAs-Built Schedule 实际建造进度计划As-Late-As-Possible ("ALAP") 尽可能晚As-Needed 恰如所需As-of Date见Data Date.As-Performed Schedule 实际进度计划Assembly 组装件Assembly Sequence 组装顺序Assessment 评估Assets 资产Assignment 分配委派任务Associated Revenue 关联收益Association 关联关系As-Soon-As-Possible ("ASAP") 尽快Assumption 假设Assumptions 假设Assumptions List 假设清单Assurance 保证Assurance Program见Quality Assurance Program.ATP见Acceptance Test ProcedureAttitude 态度Attribute 属性Attrition 损耗Audit 审核审计Authoritarian 独裁的Authoritative 权威的Authority 权威权力Authority for Expenditure ("AFE") 开支权Authorization 授权见ApprovalAuthorize 批准Authorized Unpriced Work 批准的未定价工作Authorized Work 批准的工作Authorized Works 批准的工作Automated Data Processing ("ADP") 自动化数据处理Automatic Decision Event 自动决策事件Automatic Generation 自动生成Automatic Test Equipment 自动测试设备AUW见Authorized Unpriced WorkAuxiliary Ground Equipment 辅助场地设备Availability 可用性Average Outgoing Quality ("AOQ") 平均出厂质量Average Outgoing Quality Limit ("AOQL") 平均出厂质量限度Average Sample Size Curve 平均样本规模曲线Avoidance 避免Award 授予Award Fee 奖金Award Letter 中标函BAC 完工预算参见Budget at Completion参见Baseline at CompletionBack Charge 逆向计费参见BackchargeBackcharge 逆向收费Backward Pass 倒推法/反向计算Bad Debts 坏帐Balance 余额权衡Balanced Matrix 平衡矩阵Balanced Scorecard 平衡记分卡参见Scoring a Project's ContributionBalanced Scorecard Approach ("BSA") 平衡记分卡方法Bank 储备Banking 储备Bar Chart 横道图Bargaining 讨价还价交涉Bargaining Power 讨价还价权力交涉权力Barriers 障碍Base 基础基数Baseline 基线基准Baseline at Completion ("BAC") 完成/完工基线Baseline Concept 基线概念Baseline Control 基线控制参见Configuration ControlBaseline Cost 基线成本Baseline Dates 基线日期Baseline Finish Date 基线完成日期参见Scheduled Finish DateBaseline Management 基线管理Baseline Plan 基线计划基准计划Baseline Review 基线评审Baseline Schedule 基线进度计划Baseline Start Date 基线开始日期参见Scheduled Start Date.Baseline, budget 基线预算Baseline, business 基线商业Baseline, cost estimate 基线费用估算Baseline, technical 基线技术Basis of Estimate 估算根据Batch 批量参见LotBatch Operation 批运行/批处理BATNA参见Best Alternative to Negotiated AgreementBCM参见Business Change ManagerBCWP参见Budgeted Cost of Work PerformedBCWS参见Budgeted Cost of Work ScheduledBEC参见Elapsed CostBehavior 行为/反应Behavior Analysis 行为分析参见Functional AnalysisBenchmark 基准Benchmarking 标竿管理Beneficial Occupancy/Use 有益的占用/使用Benefits 效益Benefits Framework 效益框架Benefits Management 效益管理Benefits Management Plan 效益管理计划Benefits Management Regime 效益管理制度Benefits Profiles 效益简述Benefits Realization Phase 效益实现阶段Best Alternative to Negotiated Agreement ("BATNA") 协议外最佳方案BATNABest and Final Contract Offer 最佳及最终合同报价Best and Final Offer 最佳及最终报价Best Efforts Contract 最大努力合同Best Practices 最佳实践Best V alue 最佳值Beta Distribution 贝塔发布Beta Test 贝塔测试Beta testing 贝塔测试Bid 投标Bid Analysis 投标分析Bid Bond 投标保证金Bid Cost Considerations 投标成本补偿费Bid Document Preparation 招标文件准备Bid Documents 招标文件Bid Evaluation 评标Bid List 投标人清单Bid Package 标段标块Bid Protests 投标抗议/拒付Bid Qualifications 投标资质Bid Response 投标响应Bid Technical Consideration 投标技术因素Bid Time Consideration 投标中的时间因素Bid/No Bid Decision 投标/不投标决策Bidder 投标人Bidders Conference 投标人会议Bidders List 投标人名单Bidders Source Selection 投标人来源选择Bidding 投标Bidding Strategy 投标策略Bill 帐单Bill of Materials 材料清单Bills of Materials 材料清单Blanket Purchase Agreement ("BPA") 一揽子采购协议BPA Blueprint 蓝图/计划设计图Board 委员会Boiler Plate 样板文件Bona Fide 真诚真实Bond 担保Bonus 奖金Bonus Schemes 奖励计划Booking Rates 预提费率BOOT参见Build, Own, Operate, TransferBottom Up Cost Estimate 自下而上成本估算Bottom Up Cost Estimating 自下而上成本估算Bottom Up Estimating 自下而上估算Boundary 边界BPA参见Blanket Purchase AgreementBPR参见Business Process ReengineeringBrainstorming 头脑风暴法Branching Logic 分支逻辑关系Breach of Contract 违约Breadboarding 实验模型Break Even 盈亏平衡Breakdown 分解Breakdown Structure 分解结构Break-Even Chart 盈亏平衡图Break-Even Charts 盈亏平衡图Break-Even Point 盈亏平衡点Bribe 贿赂BSA参见Balanced Scorecard ApproachBuck Passing 完全通过/推卸责任Budget 预算Budget at Completion ("BAC") 完工预算BACBudget Cost 预算成本Budget Costs 预算成本预算费用Budget Decrement 预算消耗Budget Element 预算要素Budget Estimate 预算估算参见EstimateBudget Presentation 预算介绍Budget Revision 预算修订Budget Unit 预算单位Budgetary Control 预算性控制Budgeted 已安排预算的Budgeted Cost of Work Performed ("BCWP") 已完工作预算成本BCWP Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled ("BCWS") 计划工作的预算成本Budgeting 制定预算Budgeting & Cost Management 预算制定与成本管理Build 建设构造Build, Own, Operate, Transfer ("BOOT") 建造拥有经营转让Buildability 建造能力Building 建筑物Building Professionalism 建设专业化Build-to Documentation 建成文档Built-in Test Equipment 内置测试设备Bulk Material 大宗材料Burden 间接费用负担参见Indirect Cost.Burden of Proof 举证费Bureaucracy 官僚制度Burn Rate 消耗速度Burst Node 分支点Business Actor 业务参与者/角色Business Appraisal 商业评估Business Area 业务领域Business Assurance 商业保证Business Assurance Coordinator 商业保证协调人Business Case 商业案例Business Change Manager ("BCM") 商业变更经理BCM Business Creation 商业创新Business Engineering 商业工程Business Imperative 商业需要Business Improvement 业务改进Business Manager 商务经理商业经理Business Modeling 业务建模Business Needs 商业需求Business Objectives 商业目标Business Operations 业务运作Business Process 业务流程Business Process Engineering 业务流程工程参见business engineeringBusiness Process Reengineering ("BPR") 业务流程重组Business Processes 业务流程Business Risk 商业风险Business Rule 商业规则Business Transition Plan 业务转换计划参见Transition PlanBusiness Unit 业务单位Buyer 买方Buyer's Market 买方市场Buy-In 支持认同买进Bypassing 回避C/SCSC参见Cost/Schedule Control System CriteriaC/SSR参见Cost/Schedule Status ReportCA参见Control AccountCAD参见Computer Aided Drafting参见Computer Aided DesignCalculate Schedule 估算进度安排Calculation 计算Calendar 日历参见Project Calendar.Calendar File 日历文件Calendar Range 日历范围Calendar Start Date 日历开始日期Calendar Unit 日历单位Calendar, Software 日历软件Calendars 日历集Calibration 校准CAM参见Cost Account Manager参见Computer Aided Manufacturing参见Control Account ManagerCAP参见Cost Account Plan参见Control Account PlanCapability 能力Capability Survey 能力调查Capital 资本Capital Appropriation 资本划拨Capital Asset 资本资产Capital Cost 资本成本Capital Employed 占用的资本Capital Expansion Projects 资本扩展项目Capital Goods Project 资本货物项目Capital Property 资本财产CAR参见Capital Appropriation RequestCards-on-the-wall Planning 墙卡规划法Career 职业Career Path Planning 职业路线规划Career Planning 职业规划参见Career Path Planning.Carryover Type 1 结转类型1Carryover Type 2 结转类型2Cascade Chart 层叠图CASE (1)参见Computer Aided Software EngineeringCASE (2)参见Computer Aided System Engineering Cash 现金Cash Flow 现金流Cash Flow Analysis 现金流分析Cash Flow Management 现金流管理Cash Flow, Net 现金流净值Cash In 现金流入Cash Out 现金支出Catalyst 催化者Catch-up Alternatives 赶上计划的备选方案Causation 起因Cause 动因CBD参见Component-Based DevelopmentCBS参见Cost Breakdown StructureCCB参见Change Control BoardCCDR参见Contractor Cost Data ReportCDR参见Critical Design ReviewCentral Processing Unit ("CPU") 中央处理单元Centralized 集中的Certain 确定的参见Certainty.Certainty 确定性Certificate of Conformance 一致性认证Certification 认证Chain 链Challenge 挑战Champion 推动者支持者Change 变更变化变革Change Control 变更控制Change Control Board ("CCB") 变更管理委员会Change Documentation 变更文档Change in Scope 工作范围变化参见Scope Change.Change Log 变更日志Change Management 变更管理Change Management Plan 变更管理计划Change Notice 变更通知Change Order 变更通知单参见V ariation OrderChanged Conditions 变更的条款Characteristic 特性Chart 图表Chart of Accounts 会计科目表Chart Room 图表室Charter 章程参见Project CharterChecking 检查Checklist 检查清单Checkpoint 检查点Checkpoints 检查点集Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官Child 子项Child Activity 子活动CI参见Configuration ItemClaim 索赔Clarification 澄清Class 类Classes 类Classification 分类Classification of Defects 缺陷的分类Clearance Number 净空数Client 客户Client Environment 客户环境Client Quality Services 客户质量服务Closed Projects 已收尾的项目Closeout 收尾Closeout Report 收尾报告Closeout, phase 收尾阶段参见Project Closeout.Closing 终止Closure 收尾CM参见Configuration Management参见Construction Management Coaching 教练Code 代码参见Source Code.Code and Unit Test 编码和单元测试Code of Accounts 帐目编码Coding 编码Collaboration 协作Collapsing 折叠Collective 集体的Combative 好战的Commercial 商务的Commercial Item Description 商务描述Commission and Handover 委托和移交Commissioning 试运行Commissions and Bonuses 酬金和奖金Commit 提交Commitment 承诺义务Commitment Document 承诺文件Commitment Estimate参见Estimate Class ACommitment Package 承诺包Commitment to Objectives 对目标的承诺Committed Cost 已承担成本已承付成本Committed Costs 已承诺费用Common Carrier 公众运营商Communicating With Groups 与团队的沟通Communicating With Individuals 与个人的沟通Communication 沟通参见Effective Communication. Communication Channels 沟通渠道Communication Plan, Strategic 沟通计划策略性的Communication Plan, Tactical 沟通计划--战术性的Communication Room 交流室Communications Management 沟通管理Communications Plan 沟通计划Communications Planning 沟通规划编制Community 社团Company 公司Comparison 对比Compatibility 兼容性Compensation 补偿Compensation and Evaluation 补偿和评价Competence 能力Competency 能力Competition 竞争Competitive:竞争的Compile 编译Compile Time 编译时Complete 完成Completed Activity 已完成的活动Completed Units 完工单元Completion 完工Completion Date 完成日期Complex 复杂的参见Project Complexity.Component 构件组件Component Integration and Test 组件集成和测试Component-Based Development ("CBD") 基于构件的开发Components 组件Compound Risk 复合风险Compromise 折衷Compromising, in negotiating 折衷谈判Computer 计算机Computer Aided Design ("CAD") 计算机辅助设计Computer Aided Drafting ("CAD") 计算机辅助制图Computer Aided Manufacturing ("CAM") 计算机辅助制造Computer Cost Applications 计算机化的成本管理应用Computer Hardware 计算机硬件Computer Modeling 计算机建模Computer Program Configuration Item 计算机程序配置项参见Computer Software Configuration Item.Computer Software 计算机软件Computer Software Component 计算机软件组件Computer Software Configuration Item ("CSCI") 计算机软件配置项Computer Software Documentation 计算机软件文档Computer Software Unit 计算机软件单元Computer-Aided 计算机辅助的Computerized Information Storage, Reference and Retrieval 计算机化的信息存储定位和检索Concept 概念Concept Definition Document 概念定义文档Concept Phase 概念阶段Concept Study 概念研究Conception Phase 概念形成阶段Conceptual 概念性的参见Concept.Conceptual Budgeting 概念性预算Conceptual Design 概念性设计Conceptual Development 概念性开发Conceptual Project Planning 概念性项目计划Concession 让步Concession Making, in negotiating 谈判中的让步Conciliatory 调和的Concluding 终决的Conclusions 结论Concurrency 并发性Concurrent 并发事件Concurrent Delays 并行延迟Concurrent Engineering 并行工程Concurrent Tasks 并行任务Conditional Risk 条件风险Conditions 条件条款Conducting 执行Confidence Level 信心等级Configuration 配置Configuration Audit 配置审核Configuration Breakdown 配置分解Configuration Control 配置控制Configuration Control Board 配置控制委员会Configuration Identification 配置识别Configuration Item Acceptance Review 配置项验收评审Configuration Item V erification 配置项验证Configuration Item V erification Procedures 配置项验证程序Configuration Management 配置管理Configuration Management Board 配置管理委员会Configuration Relationships 配置关系Configuration Status Accounting 配置状态统计Conflict 冲突Conflict Management 冲突管理Conflict Resolution 冲突解决方案Conformance to Requirements 与需求的一致性Confrontation 积极面对Consensus 一致同意Consensus Decision Process 集体决策过程Consent 同意Consequences 后果Consideration 对价Considerations 对价需要考虑的事项Consolidate 合并Consortium 联盟Constituents 涉众Constraint 约束条件Constraint, project constraint 约束条件对项目的约束Constraints 约束条件Constructability 施工能力Construction 施工构造建造建筑Construction Contractor 施工承包商Construction Cost 施工成本Construction Management ("CM") 施工管理Construction Manager 施工经理Construction Stage 施工阶段Construction Work 施工工作Construction-Oriented 以施工为导向的Constructive Challenge 建设性质询Constructive Change 建设性变更Consultant 咨询顾问Consulting 咨询Consumable Resource 可消耗资源Consumables 消费性物资Contemplated Change Notice 预期变更通知Contending, in negotiating 争论在谈判中Content 内容Content Type 内容类型Context 背景Contingencies 不可预见费应急费用参见Reserve and Contingency Planning.Contingency 不可预见费应急费用Contingency Allowance 应急补助参见Reserve.Contingency Budget Procedure 不可预见费用预算程序Contingency Plan 意外事件计划Contract Package 合同包参见Contract Breakdown.Contract Performance Control 合同履行控制Contract Plan 合同计划Contract Pre-award Meetings 合同预授予会议Contract Quality Requirements 合同质量要求Contract Requirements 合同要求Contract Risk 合同风险Contract Risk Analysis 合同风险分析Contract Signing 合同签署Contract Strategy 合同战略Contract Target Cost ("CTC") 合同目标成本Contract Target Price ("CTP") 合同目标价格Contract Type 合同分类Contract Types 合同类型Contract Work Breakdown Structure ("CWBS") 合同工作分解结构Contract/Procurement Management 合同/采购管理Contracting 签订合同Contractor 承包商Contractor Claims Release 承包商索赔豁免Contractor Cost Data Report ("CCDR") 承包商成本数据报告Contractor Evaluation 承包商评估Contractor Furnished Equipment 承包商供应的设备Contractor Project Office 承包商项目办公室Contractor Short Listing 承包商短列表Contractor's Performance Evaluation 承包商的绩效评价Contractual 合同的参见Contractual Conditions.Contractual Conditions 合同条款Contractual/Legal Requirements 合同的/法律上的要求Contributed V alue 贡献价值参见Added V alue.Contribution Analysis 贡献分析Control 控制参见Project Control 和Control Cycle.Control Account ("CA") 控制帐目Control Account Manager ("CAM") 控制帐目经理Control Account Plan ("CAP") : 控制帐目计划Control and Coordination 控制和协调Control Chart 控制表Control Cycle 控制周期Control Gate 控制关口控制关卡参见Management Control Point.Control Loop 控制回路Control Point 控制点Control Requirements 控制必要条件要求Control System 控制系统Control Theory 控制论Controllable Risks 可控风险Controlling 控制参看Project ControlControlling Relationship 控制关系Coordinated Matrix 协调型的矩阵Coordination 协调Coordinator 协调员Corporate 公司Corporate Administration and Finance 公司行政和财务Corporate Budget. 公司预算Corporate Business Life Cycle 公司商务生命周期Corporate Constraints 公司限制因素Corporate Data Bank 公司数据库Corporate Management 公司管理Corporate Memory 公司记忆库Corporate Philosophy 公司价值体系, 公司哲学Corporate Planning 公司计划编制Corporate Project Management 公司项目管理Corporate Project Strategy 公司项目战略Corporate Quality Standards 公司质量标准Corporate Resources 公司资源Corporate Responsibility Matrix 公司责任矩阵Corporate Standards 公司标准Corporate Supervision 公司监管Corporation 公司Correction 纠正Corrective Action 纠正措施Correlation 相关性Cost 成本参见Project Cost.Cost Account 成本帐目Cost Account Breakdown 成本帐目分解Cost Account Manager ("CAM") 成本帐目经理Cost Account Plan ("CAP") 成本帐目计划Cost Accumulation Methods 成本累加方法Cost Analysis 成本分析Cost Applications 成本应用Cost Avoidance 成本规避Cost Baseline 成本基线Cost Benefit 成本效益Cost Benefit Analysis 成本效益分析Cost Breakdown Structure 成本分解结构Cost Budgeting 成本预算Cost Ceiling 封顶成本成本上限Cost Ceiling Bracket 成本上限范围Cost Center 成本中心Cost Check 成本检查Cost Classes 成本类别Cost Code 成本代码Cost Codes 成本代码Cost Control 成本控制Cost Control Point 成本控制点Cost Control System 成本控制系统Cost Curve 成本曲线Cost Distribution 成本分摊Cost Effective 成本效率成本有效的Cost Element 成本元素Cost Engineering 成本工程Cost Envelope 成本区域Cost Estimate 成本估算Cost Estimate Classification System 成本估算分类系统Cost Estimating 成本估算Cost Estimating Relationship 成本估算关系Cost Forecast 成本预测Cost Forecasting 成本预测Cost Growth 成本增长Cost Incurred 已发生成本Cost Index 成本指数Cost Indices 成本指数表Cost Input 成本投入Cost Management 成本管理Cost Model 成本模型Cost of Money 资金成本Cost of Quality 质量成本Cost Overrun 成本超支Cost Performance Baseline 成本绩效基线请参见"Cost Baseline".Cost Performance Index ("CPI") 成本绩效指数Cost Performance Indicator ("CPI") 成本绩效指数Cost Performance Measurement Baseline 成本绩效度量基线Cost Performance Ratio ("CPR") 成本绩效比率参见Cost Performance IndicatorCost Performance Report ("CPR") 成本绩效报告Cost Plan 成本计划Cost Plus 成本补偿Cost Plus Fixed Fee Contract ("CPFF") 成本加固定费用合同Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract ("CPIFC") 成本加奖励费用合同Cost Plus Percentage of Cost Contract ("CPPC") 成本加成本百分比合同Cost Reimbursable Contract 成本补偿合同费用可偿还合同Cost Reimbursement 成本补偿Cost Reimbursement Type Contracts 成本补偿型合同Cost Reviews 成本评审Cost Savings 成本节约Cost Sharing Contract 成本共享合同Cost Status 成本状态Cost to Complete 竣工尚需成本Cost to Complete Forecast 竣工所需成本预测Cost Types 成本类型Cost V ariance ("CV") 成本偏差Cost/Schedule Status Report ("C/SSR") 成本/进度状态报告Cost-Benefit Analysis 成本效益分析Costed Work Breakdown Structure 带成本信息的工作分解结构Cost-Effectiveness 成本效果分析法Costing 成本核算Costing Systems 成本核算系统Cost-Time Resource Sheet ("CTR") 成本时间资源表Counseling 指导Countermeasures 对策CPFFC参见"Cost Plus Fixed Fee Contract"CPI参见"Cost Performance Index".参见"Cost Performance Indicator".CPIF 成本加奖励费用合同参见"Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract" CPIFC参见"Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract" CPM参见"Critical Path Method"CPN参见"Critical Path Network"CPPC参见"Cost Plus Percentage of Cost Contract" CPR参见"Cost Performance Ratio"参见Cost Performance Report"CPU参见"Central Processing Unit"CR参见"Change Request"Craft 技艺Crash Costs 赶工成本Crash Duration 赶工工期Crashing 赶工Creativity 创造力Credit 赊欠信誉Credited Resource 已授予的资源Crisis 危机Criteria 标准指标Criterion 标准指标Critical 关键的Critical Activity 关键活动Critical Chain 关键链Critical Defect 关键性缺陷Critical Defective 有关键缺陷的产品Critical Design Review 关键设计评审Critical Event 关键事件Critical Factors 关键因素Critical Path 关键路径Critical Path Analysis 关键路径分析Critical Path Method ("CPM") 关键路径法Critical Path Network ("CPN") 关键路径网络图Critical Performance Indicator 关键绩效指标Critical Ratio 临界比关键比率Critical Sequence 关键工序Critical Sequence Analysis 关键工序分析Critical Subcontractor 关键分包商Critical Success Factors ("CSF") 关键的成功因素Critical Task 关键任务Critical Work Item 关键工作项Criticality Index 关键指数Cross Organizational 交叉型组织跨组织的Cross References 交叉参照Cross-Stage Plan 交叉阶段计划CSCI参见"Computer Software Configuration Item".CSF参见"Critical Success Factors"CTC参见"Contract Target Cost"CTP参见"Contract Target Price"CTR参见"Cost-Time Resource Sheet"Culture 文化Culture, organizational 文化组织文化Cumulative Cost-to-Date 到目前为止的累计成本参见Total Expenditure to Date"Cumulative S Curve 累计S 曲线参见" S Curve"Currency Conversion 货币兑换Current Budget 当前预算Current Date Line 当前日期线Current Finish Date 当前完成日期Current FY Budget Allocation 当前财政年的预算分配Current Start Date 当前开始日期Current Status 当前状态Current Y ear 当年Custom Duty and Tax 海关关税Customer 客户Customer Acceptance Criteria 客户验收标准Customer Furnished Equipment 客户提供的设备Customer Perspective 客户观点Customer/Client Personnel 客户方的职员Cutoff Date 移交日期Cutover 移交CV参见Cost V ariance"CWBS参见"Contract Work Breakdown Structure" Cybernetics 控制论Cycle 周期Cycle Time 周期Damages 损害赔偿金Dangle 悬空活动Data 数据Data Application 数据应用Data Bank参见"Corporate Memory"Data Collection 数据收集Data Date ("DD") 数据日期Data Entry Clerk 数据录入员Data Item Description ("DID") 工作项描述Data Processing 数据处理Data Refinements 数据改进Data Type 数据类型Data Structure Organization 数据结构组织Database 数据库Database Administrator ("DBA") 数据库管理员Database Management System ("DBMS") 数据库管理系统Date of Acceptance 验收日期Day Work Account 日常工作帐户DBA参见"Database Administrator"DBM见"Dynamic Baseline Model"DBMS参见"Database Management System"DCE参见"Distributed Computing Environment"DCF参见"Discounted Cash Flow"DD参见"Data Date"Deactivation Plan 惰性化计划Deactivation Procedures 惰性化流程Debriefing 投标反馈听取情况汇报情况Decentralized 分散的Decision 决策Decision Documentation 决策文档Decision Event 决策事件Decision Making 制定决策Decision Making Process 决策过程Decision Support System 决策支持系统Decision Theory 决策论Decision Tree 决策树Decision Trees 决策树组Decomposing 分解Decomposition 分解Default 违约Default Values 默认值Defect 缺陷Defective 缺陷产品Defects-Per-Hundred-Units 每百个单元有缺陷的数量Deficiency 缺陷Deficiency List 缺陷清单Definition 定义Definition Phase 定义阶段Definitive 确定性的Definitive Estimate 确定性估算参见"Estimate"Deflection 风险转移Degradation 降级Delay 延期Delay, compensable 补偿性延期Delaying Resource 资源延期Delegating 授权Delegation 授权Deliberate Decision Event 预先准备的决策事件Deliverable 可交付成果,可交付物参见"Product".Deliverable Breakdown Structure 可交付物分解结构参见"Work Breakdown Structure"Deliverable Deadline 可交付物的终止期限Deliverables 可交付成果可交付物Deliverables Management 交付物管理Delivery 交付Delphi Technique 德尔菲法Demonstrate 演示证明Demonstrated 已证明的Demonstrated Past Experience 已证明的过去经验Demonstration 演示Demonstration Review 演示评审Department 部门Departmental Budget 部门预算Dependability 可靠性Dependencies 依赖关系Dependency 活动之间的依赖关系参见Logical Relationship"Dependency Arrow 关系箭线Dependency Diagram 网络图前导网络图Dependency Links 依赖关系Dependency Management 依赖关系管理Deployment 部署Deployment Lessons Learned Document 部署的经验教训文档Deployment Plan 部署计划Deployment Procedures 部署流程Deployment Readiness Review 部署准备评审Deployment View 部署视图Depreciation 折旧Descriptive 描述性的Design 设计Design & Development Phase 设计和开发阶段Design Alternatives 设计备选方案Design Appraisal 设计评估Design Authority 设计权威Design Baseline 基准设计Design Bid Build 设计阶段投标的建立Design Brief 设计大纲Design Build 设计的建立包括设计和构造Design Concept 设计概念Design Contingency 设计应急费用Design Contract 设计合同Design Control 设计控制Design Development 设计开发Design Management 设计管理Design Management Plan 设计管理计划Design Model 设计模型Design of Experiment 试验设计Design Package 设计包Design Review 设计评审Design Subsystem 设计子系统Design Time 设计时间Design to Budget 按预算设计Design to Cost 按成本设计Design-to Specifications 按规范设计。
PM术语中英文对照
ABC参见Activity Based CostingABM参见Activity Based ManagementAbstract Resource 抽象资源Abstraction 抽象Acceleration 加速Acceptability Criteria 验收标准Acceptable Quality Level ("AQL") 可接受质量水平Acceptance 验收Acceptance Criteria 验收标准Acceptance Letters 验收函Acceptance Number 接受数目Acceptance Review 验收评审Acceptance Test 验收测试Acquisition Methods 采购方式Acquisition Negotiations 采购谈判Acquisition Plan 采购计划Acquisition Plan Review ("APR") 采购计划评审Acquisition Planning 采购计划编制Acquisition Process 采购过程Acquisition Strategy 采购策略Action 行动Action Item 行动项Action Item Flags 行动项标记Action Plan 行动计划Activation 激活Active Listening 积极倾听Activity Arrow Net 活动箭线网络Activity Based Costing ("ABC") 基于活动的成本核算Activity Based Management ("ABM") 基于活动的管理Activity Calendar 活动日历Activity Code 活动代码Activity Definition 活动定义Activity Description 活动描述Activity Duration 活动工期活动持续时间Activity Duration Estimating 活动工期估算Activity Elaboration 活动详述Activity File 活动档案Activity ID 活动识别码Activity List 活动清单Activity Node Net 活动节点网络双代号网络Activity on Arc ("AOA") 弧线表示活动双代号网络Activity on Arrow ("AOA") 箭线表示活动双代号网络参见 Arrow Diagramming Method.Activity on Node 节点表示活动单代号网络参见 Activity on Arc 和 Precedence Diagram Method. Activity Oriented 面向活动Activity Oriented Schedule 面向活动的进度计划Activity Properties 活动属性Activity Quantities 活动量值Activity Status 活动状态Activity Timing 活动定时Actor 执行者角色Actual 实际的Actual and Scheduled Progress 实际进展的与计划进度Actual Cost 实际成本Actual Cost Data Collection 实际成本汇总Actual Costs 实际费用Actual Dates 实际日期Actual Direct Costs 实际直接成本Actual Expenditures 实际的支出参见Actual Costs.Actual Finish 实际完成Actual Finish Date 实际完成日期Actual Start 实际开始Actual Start Date 实际开始日期ACWP 已完成工作实际成本See Actual Cost of Work PerformedAdaptation 适应Added Value 附加价值Addendum 附录参见procurement addendum.Adequacy 适当Adjourning 解散Adjustment 调节ADM参见Arrow Diagram MethodADM Project ADM 项目Administration 管理部门Administrative 行政的参见Administrative Management Administrative Change 行政变更Administrative Management 行政管理ADP参见Automated Data ProcessingADR参见Alternative Dispute ResolutionAdvanced Material Release ("AMR") 材料提前发布AF参见 Actual Finish DateAFE参见Application for Expenditure参见Authority for ExpenditureAffect 影响Affected Parties 受影响方Agency 代理Agenda 议程Aggregation 汇总Agreement 协议Agreement, legal 协议合同ALAP参见As-Late-As-PossibleAlgorithm 算法Alignment 排列成行Alliance 联合Allocated Baseline 分配的基线Allocated Requirements 分配需求Allocation 分配Allowable Cost 允许成本Allowance 预留Alternate Resource 替代资源Alternative Analysis 替代分析Alternative Dispute Resolution ("ADR") 替代争议解决方案Alternatives 可选方案Ambiguity 含糊不清Amendment 修订Amount at Stake 损失量AMR 材料提前公布Analysis 分析Analysis and Design 分析与设计Analysis Time 分析期Analyst 分析员AND Relationship 与关系Anecdotal 轶事Anticipated Award Cost 预期中标价AOA参见Activity on Arrow参见Activity on ArcAON参见Activity on NodeAOQ参见Average Outgoing QualityAOQL参见Average Outgoing Quality LimitAPMA参见Area of Project Management Application Apparent Low Bidder 最低投标人Application 应用Application Area 应用领域Application for Expenditure ("AFE") 支出申请Application for Expenditure Justification 支出申请的论证Application Programs 应用程序Applied Direct Costs 实际直接成本Apportioned Effort 分摊努力Apportioned Task 分摊任务Appraisal 评估Approach 方法Appropriation 拨款Approval 批准Approval to Proceed 批准继续Approve 同意Approved Bidders List 批准的投标人清单Approved Changes 批准的变更Approved Project Requirements 批准的项目需求APR参见Acquisition Plan ReviewAQL参见Acceptable Quality LevelArbitrary 随意的Arbitration 仲裁Arc 弧线Architectural Baseline 构架基线Architectural View 构架视图Architecture 构架Architecture, executable 构架可执行参见Executable Architecture.Archive 档案文件Archive Plan 存档计划Area of Project Application参见Area of Project Management Application Area of Project Management Application ("APMA") 项目管理的应用领域Arrow 箭线Arrow Diagram参见Activity Arrow NetArrow Diagram Method ("ADM") 箭线图方法Arrow Diagramming 箭线图方法Arrow Diagramming Method 箭线图方法双代号网络图Artifact 制品Artificial 人工的AS参见Actual Start DateASAP参见As-Soon-As-PossibleAs-built Design 实际建造设计As-built Documentation 实际建造文档As-Built Records参见As-Built DocumentationAs-Built Schedule 实际建造进度计划As-Late-As-Possible ("ALAP") 尽可能晚As-Needed 恰如所需As-of Date见Data Date.As-Performed Schedule 实际进度计划Assembly 组装件Assembly Sequence 组装顺序Assessment 评估Assets 资产Assignment 分配委派任务Associated Revenue 关联收益Association 关联关系As-Soon-As-Possible ("ASAP") 尽快Assumption 假设Assumptions 假设Assumptions List 假设清单Assurance 保证Assurance Program见Quality Assurance Program.ATP见Acceptance Test ProcedureAttitude 态度Attribute 属性Attrition 损耗Audit 审核审计Authoritarian 独裁的Authoritative 权威的Authority 权威权力Authority for Expenditure ("AFE") 开支权Authorization 授权见ApprovalAuthorize 批准Authorized Unpriced Work 批准的未定价工作Authorized Work 批准的工作Authorized Works 批准的工作Automated Data Processing ("ADP") 自动化数据处理Automatic Decision Event 自动决策事件Automatic Generation 自动生成Automatic Test Equipment 自动测试设备AUW见Authorized Unpriced WorkAuxiliary Ground Equipment 辅助场地设备Availability 可用性Average Outgoing Quality ("AOQ") 平均出厂质量Average Outgoing Quality Limit ("AOQL") 平均出厂质量限度Average Sample Size Curve 平均样本规模曲线Avoidance 避免Award 授予Award Fee 奖金Award Letter 中标函BAC 完工预算参见Budget at Completion参见Baseline at CompletionBack Charge 逆向计费参见BackchargeBackcharge 逆向收费Backward Pass 倒推法/反向计算Bad Debts 坏帐Balance 余额权衡Balanced Matrix 平衡矩阵Balanced Scorecard 平衡记分卡参见 Scoring a Project's ContributionBalanced Scorecard Approach ("BSA") 平衡记分卡方法Bank 储备Banking 储备Bar Chart 横道图Bargaining 讨价还价交涉Bargaining Power 讨价还价权力交涉权力Barriers 障碍Base 基础基数Baseline 基线基准Baseline at Completion ("BAC") 完成/完工基线Baseline Concept 基线概念Baseline Control 基线控制参见Configuration ControlBaseline Cost 基线成本Baseline Dates 基线日期Baseline Finish Date 基线完成日期参见Scheduled Finish DateBaseline Management 基线管理Baseline Plan 基线计划基准计划Baseline Review 基线评审Baseline Schedule 基线进度计划Baseline Start Date 基线开始日期参见Scheduled Start Date.Baseline, budget 基线预算Baseline, business 基线商业Baseline, cost estimate 基线费用估算Baseline, technical 基线技术Basis of Estimate 估算根据Batch 批量参见LotBatch Operation 批运行/批处理BATNA参见 Best Alternative to Negotiated Agreement BCM参见 Business Change ManagerBCWP 参见 Budgeted Cost of Work PerformedBCWS参见 Budgeted Cost of Work ScheduledBEC参见 Elapsed CostBehavior 行为/反应Behavior Analysis 行为分析参见Functional AnalysisBenchmark 基准Benchmarking 标竿管理Beneficial Occupancy/Use 有益的占用/使用Benefits 效益Benefits Framework 效益框架Benefits Management 效益管理Benefits Management Plan 效益管理计划Benefits Management Regime 效益管理制度Benefits Profiles 效益简述Benefits Realization Phase 效益实现阶段Best Alternative to Negotiated Agreement ("BATNA") 协议外最佳方案BATNABest and Final Contract Offer 最佳及最终合同报价Best and Final Offer 最佳及最终报价Best Efforts Contract 最大努力合同Best Practices 最佳实践Best Value 最佳值Beta Distribution 贝塔发布Beta Test 贝塔测试Beta testing 贝塔测试Bid 投标Bid Analysis 投标分析Bid Bond 投标保证金Bid Cost Considerations 投标成本补偿费Bid Document Preparation 招标文件准备Bid Documents 招标文件Bid Evaluation 评标Bid List 投标人清单Bid Package 标段标块Bid Protests 投标抗议/拒付Bid Qualifications 投标资质Bid Response 投标响应Bid Technical Consideration 投标技术因素Bid Time Consideration 投标中的时间因素Bid/No Bid Decision 投标/不投标决策Bidder 投标人Bidders Conference 投标人会议Bidders List 投标人名单Bidders Source Selection 投标人来源选择Bidding 投标Bidding Strategy 投标策略Bill 帐单Bill of Materials 材料清单Bills of Materials 材料清单Blanket Purchase Agreement ("BPA") 一揽子采购协议BPABlueprint 蓝图/计划设计图Board 委员会Boiler Plate 样板文件Bona Fide 真诚真实Bond 担保Bonus 奖金Bonus Schemes 奖励计划Booking Rates 预提费率BOOT参见Build, Own, Operate, TransferBottom Up Cost Estimate 自下而上成本估算Bottom Up Cost Estimating 自下而上成本估算Bottom Up Estimating 自下而上估算Boundary 边界BPA参见 Blanket Purchase AgreementBPR参见Business Process Reengineering Brainstorming 头脑风暴法Branching Logic 分支逻辑关系Breach of Contract 违约Breadboarding 实验模型Break Even 盈亏平衡Breakdown 分解Breakdown Structure 分解结构Break-Even Chart 盈亏平衡图Break-Even Charts 盈亏平衡图Break-Even Point 盈亏平衡点Bribe 贿赂BSA参见Balanced Scorecard ApproachBuck Passing 完全通过/推卸责任Budget 预算Budget at Completion ("BAC") 完工预算BAC Budget Cost 预算成本Budget Costs 预算成本预算费用Budget Decrement 预算消耗Budget Element 预算要素Budget Estimate 预算估算参见EstimateBudget Presentation 预算介绍Budget Revision 预算修订Budget Unit 预算单位Budgetary Control 预算性控制Budgeted 已安排预算的Budgeted Cost of Work Performed ("BCWP") 已完工作预算成本BCWPBudgeted Cost of Work Scheduled ("BCWS") 计划工作的预算成本Budgeting 制定预算Budgeting & Cost Management 预算制定与成本管理Build 建设构造Build, Own, Operate, Transfer ("BOOT") 建造拥有经营转让Buildability 建造能力Building 建筑物Building Professionalism 建设专业化Build-to Documentation 建成文档Built-in Test Equipment 内置测试设备Bulk Material 大宗材料Burden 间接费用负担参见Indirect Cost.Burden of Proof 举证费Bureaucracy 官僚制度Burn Rate 消耗速度Burst Node 分支点Business Actor 业务参与者/角色Business Appraisal 商业评估Business Area 业务领域Business Assurance 商业保证Business Assurance Coordinator 商业保证协调人Business Case 商业案例Business Change Manager ("BCM") 商业变更经理BCMBusiness Creation 商业创新Business Engineering 商业工程Business Imperative 商业需要Business Improvement 业务改进Business Manager 商务经理商业经理Business Modeling 业务建模Business Needs 商业需求Business Objectives 商业目标Business Operations 业务运作Business Process 业务流程Business Process Engineering 业务流程工程参见 business engineeringBusiness Process Reengineering ("BPR") 业务流程重组Business Processes 业务流程Business Risk 商业风险Business Rule 商业规则Business Transition Plan 业务转换计划参见 Transition PlanBusiness Unit 业务单位Buyer 买方Buyer's Market 买方市场Buy-In 支持认同买进Bypassing 回避C/SCSC参见 Cost/Schedule Control System CriteriaC/SSR参见 Cost/Schedule Status ReportCA参见 Control AccountCAD参见 Computer Aided Drafting参见 Computer Aided DesignCalculate Schedule 估算进度安排Calculation 计算Calendar 日历参见 Project Calendar.Calendar File 日历文件Calendar Range 日历范围Calendar Start Date 日历开始日期Calendar Unit 日历单位Calendar, Software 日历软件Calendars 日历集Calibration 校准CAM参见 Cost Account Manager参见 Computer Aided Manufacturing参见 Control Account ManagerCAP参见 Cost Account Plan参见 Control Account PlanCapability 能力Capability Survey 能力调查Capital 资本Capital Appropriation 资本划拨Capital Asset 资本资产Capital Cost 资本成本Capital Employed 占用的资本Capital Expansion Projects 资本扩展项目Capital Goods Project 资本货物项目Capital Property 资本财产CAR参见 Capital Appropriation RequestCards-on-the-wall Planning 墙卡规划法Career 职业Career Path Planning 职业路线规划Career Planning 职业规划参见 Career Path Planning.Carryover Type 1 结转类型1Carryover Type 2 结转类型2Cascade Chart 层叠图CASE (1)参见 Computer Aided Software Engineering CASE (2)参见 Computer Aided System Engineering Cash 现金Cash Flow 现金流Cash Flow Analysis 现金流分析Cash Flow Management 现金流管理Cash Flow, Net 现金流净值Cash In 现金流入Cash Out 现金支出Catalyst 催化者Catch-up Alternatives 赶上计划的备选方案Causation 起因Cause 动因CBD参见 Component-Based DevelopmentCBS参见 Cost Breakdown StructureCCB参见 Change Control BoardCCDR参见 Contractor Cost Data ReportCDR参见 Critical Design ReviewCentral Processing Unit ("CPU") 中央处理单元Centralized 集中的Certain 确定的参见 Certainty.Certainty 确定性Certificate of Conformance 一致性认证Certification 认证Chain 链Challenge 挑战Champion 推动者支持者Change 变更变化变革Change Control 变更控制Change Control Board ("CCB") 变更管理委员会Change Documentation 变更文档Change in Scope 工作范围变化参见 Scope Change.Change Log 变更日志Change Management 变更管理Change Management Plan 变更管理计划Change Notice 变更通知Change Order 变更通知单参见Variation OrderChanged Conditions 变更的条款Characteristic 特性Chart 图表Chart of Accounts 会计科目表Chart Room 图表室Charter 章程参见 Project CharterChecking 检查Checklist 检查清单Checkpoint 检查点Checkpoints 检查点集Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官Child 子项Child Activity 子活动CI参见 Configuration ItemClaim 索赔Clarification 澄清Class 类Classes 类Classification 分类Classification of Defects 缺陷的分类Clearance Number 净空数Client 客户Client Environment 客户环境Client Quality Services 客户质量服务Closed Projects 已收尾的项目Closeout 收尾Closeout Report 收尾报告Closeout, phase 收尾阶段参见 Project Closeout.Closing 终止Closure 收尾CM参见 Configuration Management参见Construction ManagementCoaching 教练Code 代码参见 Source Code.Code and Unit Test 编码和单元测试Code of Accounts 帐目编码Coding 编码Collaboration 协作Collapsing 折叠Collective 集体的Combative 好战的Commercial 商务的Commercial Item Description 商务描述Commission and Handover 委托和移交Commissioning 试运行Commissions and Bonuses 酬金和奖金Commit 提交Commitment 承诺义务Commitment Document 承诺文件Commitment Estimate参见 Estimate Class ACommitment Package 承诺包Commitment to Objectives 对目标的承诺Committed Cost 已承担成本已承付成本Committed Costs 已承诺费用Common Carrier 公众运营商Communicating With Groups 与团队的沟通Communicating With Individuals 与个人的沟通Communication 沟通参见 Effective Communication.Communication Channels 沟通渠道Communication Plan, Strategic 沟通计划策略性的Communication Plan, Tactical 沟通计划--战术性的Communication Room 交流室Communications Management 沟通管理Communications Plan 沟通计划Communications Planning 沟通规划编制Community 社团Company 公司Comparison 对比Compatibility 兼容性Compensation 补偿Compensation and Evaluation 补偿和评价Competence 能力Competency 能力Competition 竞争Competitive:竞争的Compile 编译Compile Time 编译时Complete 完成Completed Activity 已完成的活动Completed Units 完工单元Completion 完工Completion Date 完成日期Complex 复杂的参见 Project Complexity.Component 构件组件Component Integration and Test 组件集成和测试Component-Based Development ("CBD") 基于构件的开发Components 组件Compound Risk 复合风险Compromise 折衷Compromising, in negotiating 折衷谈判Computer 计算机Computer Aided Design ("CAD") 计算机辅助设计Computer Aided Drafting ("CAD") 计算机辅助制图Computer Aided Manufacturing ("CAM") 计算机辅助制造Computer Cost Applications 计算机化的成本管理应用Computer Hardware 计算机硬件Computer Modeling 计算机建模Computer Program Configuration Item 计算机程序配置项参见 Computer Software Configuration Item. Computer Software 计算机软件Computer Software Component 计算机软件组件Computer Software Configuration Item ("CSCI") 计算机软件配置项Computer Software Documentation 计算机软件文档Computer Software Unit 计算机软件单元Computer-Aided 计算机辅助的Computerized Information Storage, Reference and Retrieval 计算机化的信息存储定位和检索Concept 概念Concept Definition Document 概念定义文档Concept Phase 概念阶段Concept Study 概念研究Conception Phase 概念形成阶段Conceptual 概念性的参见 Concept.Conceptual Budgeting 概念性预算Conceptual Design 概念性设计Conceptual Development 概念性开发Conceptual Project Planning 概念性项目计划Concession 让步Concession Making, in negotiating 谈判中的让步Conciliatory 调和的Concluding 终决的Conclusions 结论Concurrency 并发性Concurrent 并发事件Concurrent Delays 并行延迟Concurrent Engineering 并行工程Concurrent Tasks 并行任务Conditional Risk 条件风险Conditions 条件条款Conducting 执行Confidence Level 信心等级Configuration 配置Configuration Audit 配置审核Configuration Breakdown 配置分解Configuration Control 配置控制Configuration Control Board 配置控制委员会Configuration Identification 配置识别Configuration Item Acceptance Review 配置项验收评审Configuration Item Verification 配置项验证Configuration Item Verification Procedures 配置项验证程序Configuration Management 配置管理Configuration Management Board 配置管理委员会Configuration Relationships 配置关系Configuration Status Accounting 配置状态统计Conflict 冲突Conflict Management 冲突管理Conflict Resolution 冲突解决方案Conformance to Requirements 与需求的一致性Confrontation 积极面对Consensus 一致同意Consensus Decision Process 集体决策过程Consent 同意Consequences 后果Consideration 对价Considerations 对价需要考虑的事项Consolidate 合并Consortium 联盟Constituents 涉众Constraint 约束条件Constraint, project constraint 约束条件对项目的约束Constraints 约束条件Constructability 施工能力Construction 施工构造建造建筑Construction Contractor 施工承包商Construction Cost 施工成本Construction Management ("CM") 施工管理Construction Manager 施工经理Construction Stage 施工阶段Construction Work 施工工作Construction-Oriented 以施工为导向的Constructive Challenge 建设性质询Constructive Change 建设性变更Consultant 咨询顾问Consulting 咨询Consumable Resource 可消耗资源Consumables 消费性物资Contemplated Change Notice 预期变更通知Contending, in negotiating 争论在谈判中Content 内容Content Type 内容类型Context 背景Contingencies 不可预见费应急费用参见 Reserve and Contingency Planning. Contingency 不可预见费应急费用Contingency Allowance 应急补助参见 Reserve.Contingency Budget Procedure 不可预见费用预算程序Contingency Plan 意外事件计划Contract Package 合同包参见 Contract Breakdown.Contract Performance Control 合同履行控制Contract Plan 合同计划Contract Pre-award Meetings 合同预授予会议Contract Quality Requirements 合同质量要求Contract Requirements 合同要求Contract Risk 合同风险Contract Risk Analysis 合同风险分析Contract Signing 合同签署Contract Strategy 合同战略Contract Target Cost ("CTC") 合同目标成本Contract Target Price ("CTP") 合同目标价格Contract Type 合同分类Contract Types 合同类型Contract Work Breakdown Structure ("CWBS") 合同工作分解结构Contract/Procurement Management 合同/采购管理Contracting 签订合同Contractor 承包商Contractor Claims Release 承包商索赔豁免Contractor Cost Data Report ("CCDR") 承包商成本数据报告Contractor Evaluation 承包商评估Contractor Furnished Equipment 承包商供应的设备Contractor Project Office 承包商项目办公室Contractor Short Listing 承包商短列表Contractor's Performance Evaluation 承包商的绩效评价Contractual 合同的参见 Contractual Conditions.Contractual Conditions 合同条款Contractual/Legal Requirements 合同的/法律上的要求Contributed Value 贡献价值参见 Added Value.Contribution Analysis 贡献分析Control 控制参见Project Control 和Control Cycle.Control Account ("CA") 控制帐目Control Account Manager ("CAM") 控制帐目经理Control Account Plan ("CAP") : 控制帐目计划Control and Coordination 控制和协调Control Chart 控制表Control Cycle 控制周期Control Gate 控制关口控制关卡参见 Management Control Point.Control Loop 控制回路Control Point 控制点Control Requirements 控制必要条件要求Control System 控制系统Control Theory 控制论Controllable Risks 可控风险Controlling 控制参看Project ControlControlling Relationship 控制关系Coordinated Matrix 协调型的矩阵Coordination 协调Coordinator 协调员Corporate 公司Corporate Administration and Finance 公司行政和财务Corporate Budget. 公司预算Corporate Business Life Cycle 公司商务生命周期Corporate Constraints 公司限制因素Corporate Data Bank 公司数据库Corporate Management 公司管理Corporate Memory 公司记忆库Corporate Philosophy 公司价值体系, 公司哲学Corporate Planning 公司计划编制Corporate Project Management 公司项目管理Corporate Project Strategy 公司项目战略Corporate Quality Standards 公司质量标准Corporate Resources 公司资源Corporate Responsibility Matrix 公司责任矩阵Corporate Standards 公司标准Corporate Supervision 公司监管Corporation 公司Correction 纠正Corrective Action 纠正措施Correlation 相关性Cost 成本参见 Project Cost.Cost Account 成本帐目Cost Account Breakdown 成本帐目分解Cost Account Manager ("CAM") 成本帐目经理Cost Account Plan ("CAP") 成本帐目计划Cost Accumulation Methods 成本累加方法Cost Analysis 成本分析Cost Applications 成本应用Cost Avoidance 成本规避Cost Baseline 成本基线Cost Benefit 成本效益Cost Benefit Analysis 成本效益分析Cost Breakdown Structure 成本分解结构Cost Budgeting 成本预算Cost Ceiling 封顶成本成本上限Cost Ceiling Bracket 成本上限范围Cost Center 成本中心Cost Check 成本检查Cost Classes 成本类别Cost Code 成本代码Cost Codes 成本代码Cost Control 成本控制Cost Control Point 成本控制点Cost Control System 成本控制系统Cost Curve 成本曲线Cost Distribution 成本分摊Cost Effective 成本效率成本有效的Cost Element 成本元素Cost Engineering 成本工程Cost Envelope 成本区域Cost Estimate 成本估算Cost Estimate Classification System 成本估算分类系统Cost Estimating 成本估算Cost Estimating Relationship 成本估算关系Cost Forecast 成本预测Cost Forecasting 成本预测Cost Growth 成本增长Cost Incurred 已发生成本Cost Index 成本指数Cost Indices 成本指数表Cost Input 成本投入Cost Management 成本管理Cost Model 成本模型Cost of Money 资金成本Cost of Quality 质量成本Cost Overrun 成本超支Cost Performance Baseline 成本绩效基线请参见"Cost Baseline".Cost Performance Index ("CPI") 成本绩效指数Cost Performance Indicator ("CPI") 成本绩效指数Cost Performance Measurement Baseline 成本绩效度量基线Cost Performance Ratio ("CPR") 成本绩效比率参见Cost Performance IndicatorCost Performance Report ("CPR") 成本绩效报告Cost Plan 成本计划Cost Plus 成本补偿Cost Plus Fixed Fee Contract ("CPFF") 成本加固定费用合同Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract ("CPIFC") 成本加奖励费用合同Cost Plus Percentage of Cost Contract ("CPPC") 成本加成本百分比合同Cost Reimbursable Contract 成本补偿合同费用可偿还合同Cost Reimbursement 成本补偿Cost Reimbursement Type Contracts 成本补偿型合同Cost Reviews 成本评审Cost Savings 成本节约Cost Sharing Contract 成本共享合同Cost Status 成本状态Cost to Complete 竣工尚需成本Cost to Complete Forecast 竣工所需成本预测Cost Types 成本类型Cost Variance ("CV") 成本偏差Cost/Schedule Status Report ("C/SSR") 成本/进度状态报告Cost-Benefit Analysis 成本效益分析Costed Work Breakdown Structure 带成本信息的工作分解结构Cost-Effectiveness 成本效果分析法Costing 成本核算Costing Systems 成本核算系统Cost-Time Resource Sheet ("CTR") 成本时间资源表Counseling 指导Countermeasures 对策CPFFC参见"Cost Plus Fixed Fee Contract"CPI参见"Cost Performance Index".参见"Cost Performance Indicator".CPIF 成本加奖励费用合同参见"Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract"CPIFC参见"Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract"CPM参见 "Critical Path Method"CPN参见 "Critical Path Network"CPPC参见 "Cost Plus Percentage of Cost Contract"CPR参见 "Cost Performance Ratio"参见 Cost Performance Report"CPU参见 "Central Processing Unit"CR参见 "Change Request"Craft 技艺Crash Costs 赶工成本Crash Duration 赶工工期Crashing 赶工Creativity 创造力Credit 赊欠信誉Credited Resource 已授予的资源Crisis 危机Criteria 标准指标Criterion 标准指标Critical 关键的Critical Activity 关键活动Critical Chain 关键链Critical Defect 关键性缺陷Critical Defective 有关键缺陷的产品Critical Design Review 关键设计评审Critical Event 关键事件Critical Factors 关键因素Critical Path 关键路径Critical Path Analysis 关键路径分析Critical Path Method ("CPM") 关键路径法Critical Path Network ("CPN") 关键路径网络图Critical Performance Indicator 关键绩效指标Critical Ratio 临界比关键比率Critical Sequence 关键工序Critical Sequence Analysis 关键工序分析Critical Subcontractor 关键分包商Critical Success Factors ("CSF") 关键的成功因素Critical Task 关键任务Critical Work Item 关键工作项Criticality Index 关键指数Cross Organizational 交叉型组织跨组织的Cross References 交叉参照Cross-Stage Plan 交叉阶段计划CSCI参见 "Computer Software Configuration Item". CSF参见 "Critical Success Factors"CTC参见 "Contract Target Cost"CTP参见 "Contract Target Price"CTR参见 "Cost-Time Resource Sheet"Culture 文化Culture, organizational 文化组织文化Cumulative Cost-to-Date 到目前为止的累计成本参见 Total Expenditure to Date"Cumulative S Curve 累计S 曲线参见 " S Curve"Currency Conversion 货币兑换Current Budget 当前预算Current Date Line 当前日期线Current Finish Date 当前完成日期Current FY Budget Allocation 当前财政年的预算分配Current Start Date 当前开始日期Current Status 当前状态Current Year 当年Custom Duty and Tax 海关关税Customer 客户Customer Acceptance Criteria 客户验收标准Customer Furnished Equipment 客户提供的设备Customer Perspective 客户观点Customer/Client Personnel 客户方的职员Cutoff Date 移交日期Cutover 移交CV参见 Cost Variance"CWBS参见 "Contract Work Breakdown Structure" Cybernetics 控制论Cycle 周期Cycle Time 周期Damages 损害赔偿金Dangle 悬空活动Data 数据Data Application 数据应用Data Bank参见 "Corporate Memory"Data Collection 数据收集Data Date ("DD") 数据日期Data Entry Clerk 数据录入员Data Item Description ("DID") 工作项描述Data Processing 数据处理Data Refinements 数据改进Data Type 数据类型Data Structure Organization 数据结构组织Database 数据库Database Administrator ("DBA") 数据库管理员Database Management System ("DBMS") 数据库管理系统Date of Acceptance 验收日期Day Work Account 日常工作帐户DBA参见 "Database Administrator"DBM见 "Dynamic Baseline Model"DBMS参见 "Database Management System"DCE参见 "Distributed Computing Environment"DCF参见 "Discounted Cash Flow"DD参见 "Data Date"Deactivation Plan 惰性化计划Deactivation Procedures 惰性化流程Debriefing 投标反馈听取情况汇报情况Decentralized 分散的Decision 决策Decision Documentation 决策文档Decision Event 决策事件Decision Making 制定决策Decision Making Process 决策过程Decision Support System 决策支持系统Decision Theory 决策论Decision Tree 决策树Decision Trees 决策树组Decomposing 分解Decomposition 分解Default 违约Default Values 默认值Defect 缺陷Defective 缺陷产品Defects-Per-Hundred-Units 每百个单元有缺陷的数量Deficiency 缺陷Deficiency List 缺陷清单Definition 定义Definition Phase 定义阶段Definitive 确定性的Definitive Estimate 确定性估算参见 "Estimate"Deflection 风险转移Degradation 降级Delay 延期Delay, compensable 补偿性延期Delaying Resource 资源延期Delegating 授权Delegation 授权Deliberate Decision Event 预先准备的决策事件Deliverable 可交付成果,可交付物参见 "Product".Deliverable Breakdown Structure 可交付物分解结构参见 "Work Breakdown Structure"Deliverable Deadline 可交付物的终止期限Deliverables 可交付成果可交付物Deliverables Management 交付物管理Delivery 交付Delphi Technique 德尔菲法Demonstrate 演示证明Demonstrated 已证明的Demonstrated Past Experience 已证明的过去经验Demonstration 演示Demonstration Review 演示评审Department 部门Departmental Budget 部门预算Dependability 可靠性Dependencies 依赖关系Dependency 活动之间的依赖关系参见Logical Relationship"Dependency Arrow 关系箭线Dependency Diagram 网络图前导网络图Dependency Links 依赖关系Dependency Management 依赖关系管理Deployment 部署Deployment Lessons Learned Document 部署的经验教训文档Deployment Plan 部署计划Deployment Procedures 部署流程Deployment Readiness Review 部署准备评审Deployment View 部署视图Depreciation 折旧Descriptive 描述性的Design 设计Design & Development Phase 设计和开发阶段Design Alternatives 设计备选方案Design Appraisal 设计评估Design Authority 设计权威Design Baseline 基准设计Design Bid Build 设计阶段投标的建立Design Brief 设计大纲Design Build 设计的建立包括设计和构造Design Concept 设计概念Design Contingency 设计应急费用Design Contract 设计合同Design Control 设计控制Design Development 设计开发Design Management 设计管理Design Management Plan 设计管理计划Design Model 设计模型Design of Experiment 试验设计Design Package 设计包Design Review 设计评审Design Subsystem 设计子系统Design Time 设计时间Design to Budget 按预算设计Design to Cost 按成本设计Design-to Specifications 按规范设计Desirable Logic 合意逻辑Detail Documentation 详细的文档Detail Schedule 详细的进度安排Detailed Design 详细设计Detailed Design Stage 详细设计阶段Detailed Engineering 详细工程Detailed Planning 详细计划Detailed Plans 详细的计划参见 Detailed Resource Plan 和Detailed Technical PlanDetailed Resource Plan 详细的资源计划Detailed Schedule 详细的进度安排Detailed Technical Plan 详细的技术计划Determination 决定决心Determine Least Cost for Maximum Results 确定可以获得最大收获的最小成本参见 Cost Benefit"Deterministic 确定性的Deterministic Network 确定的网络图Developed Country 发达国家Developer 开发人员Developing Country 发展中国家Development 开发参见 "Development Phase"Development case 开发案例Development Phase 开发阶段Development Plan 开发计划Development process 开发过程Deviation 偏差Deviation Permit 允许偏差参见 "Production Permit"Diagram 图Diagramming参见 "Scheduling"DID参见 "Data Item Description"Differences 偏差差异Differentials 差值Differing Site Conditions 不同的现场环境Direct Cost 直接成本Direct Cost Contingency 直接成本应急费用参见 "Project Direct Cost Contingency"Direct Costs 直接成本Direct Labor 直接人工。
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Shear Strength of Joints
pcntan
Hoek, 2000
Shear Strength of Joints
r ntanb
Hoek, 2000
Shear Testing Machine
Hoek, 2000
Shear Testing Machine
Hoek, 2000
Shear Strength of Saw Tooth Specimen Patton (1966)
Hoek, 2000
Instantaneous Cohesion and Friction
i
arctann
n ta Jn lR o 1J 0 C n g C b S 1 J l8 1 n R t0 0 a 2 C JnlR o 1J 0 C n g C b S 1
degrees
MPa
Barton Shear Strength Criterion
C o h e s iv e Strength,
c' MPa 0.39 0.51 0.73 1.11 1.76 2.91 4.95 8.67
S he a r S tre ngth, Ta u
15
10
5
0
0
5
10
15
20
96
M in im u m n o rm a l s tre s s , S ig m a n m in
0.36
Norm al Stress, Sigm a n
MPa 0.36 0.72 1.44 2.88 5.76 11.52 23.04 46.07
Shear Strength,
Tau MPa 0.99 1.54 2.48 4.07 6.78 11.34 18.97 31.53
Sau Mau Ping Road, Hong Kong
Hoek, 2000
Planar Failure
Hoek and Bray, 1981
Conditions?
Release surfaces Failure Plane
Hoek and Bray, 1981
For sliding: f > p >
0.24
42
basalt content
B e n to n ite
Bentonite seam in chalk
0.015
7.5
Thin layers
0.09 to 0.12 12 to 17
Triaxial tests
0.06 to 0.1
9 to 13
Bentonitic Shale
Triaxial tests
32
siliceous schists
Stratification with thin clay
0.61 to 0.74
41
Stratification with thick clay
0.38
31
S la te s
Finely lam inated and altered
0.05
33
Q uartz / kaolin / pyrolusite
Hoek and Bray, 1981
W
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
12
w H2[(1
z H
)2 cot
p (cot
p tan
f
1)]
Sensitivity Analysis
Hoek, 2000
Slope Stability Calculations
• Preliminary estimate of joint strength with sensitivity analysis of Factor of Safety (Recall from Lecture 2)
Coal m easure rocks
C lay m ylonite seam s, 10 to 25 m m
0.012
16
D olom ite
Altered shale bed, +/- 150 m m thick
0.04
14.5
D iorite, granodiorite, porphyry C lay gouge (2% clay, PI = 17% )
0
26.5
G ranite
C lay filled faults
0 to 0.18
24 to 45
Sandy loam fault filling
0.05
40
Tectonic shear zone, schistose and broken
0.24
42
granites, disintegrated rock and gouge
25
30
35
40
45
50
Norm al Stress, Sigm an
Shear Strength of Filled Discontinuities (Barton, 1974)
Rock
D escription
Peak
c' (MPa) (degrees)
B a s a lt
C layey basaltic breccia, wide variation from clay to
0.08
38
Lignite / m arl contact
0.1
10
Lim estone
M arlaceous joints, 20 m m thick
0
25
Lignite
Layer between lignite and clay
0.014 to 0.03 15 to 17.5
M ontm orillonite
– Testing – Field Estimates
• Sau Mau Ping Slope Example
(Chapters 7 and 8, Hoek, 2000)
– Assumed shear strength values – Test results
– Accounting for data variability
0.0
2JR0C
JCnSJC0SLLn0
0.03JR0C
Where: JRC0, JCS0 and L0 refer to 100 mm lab scale specimens JRCn, JCSn and Ln refer to insitu block sizes
Instantaneous Cohesion and Friction
Shear Strength of Discontinuities Slope Stability Analysis
Lecture 5 Earth 691B: Rock Engineering
Outline
• Shear Strength of Discontinuities
(Chapter 4, Hoek, 2000)
Hoek, 2000: after Barton and Choubey, 1977)
Hoek, 2000: Barton, 1982
Hoek, 2000: Deere and Miller, 1966
Influence of Scale on JRC and JCS
JRnCJR0CLLn0
1 2 w z w ( H z ) cos ec p
V water pressure
in tension
crack
1
2
w
z
2 w
Tension Crack in Upper Surface
W
12
w
H2[(1
z H
2
)cot
p
cot
f
]
Hoek and Bray, 1981
Tension Crack in Slope Face
0.08
11
Slope Stability Calculations
• Preliminary estimate of joint strength with sensitivity analysis of Factor of Safety (Recall from Lecture 2)
• Joint strength assessment from laboratory testing with Factor of Safety Calculation
c, Mohr Coulomb strength factors for sliding surface
f dip angle of slope face
p dip angle of sliding surface
A area ( H z ) cos ec p
U water pressure uplift force
Hoek, 2000
Shear Strength of Saw Tooth Specimen Patton (1966)
ntab n i
Hoek, 2000
Shear Strength of Discontinuities
ntanbJRlCo1g0JC n S
JRC = Joint Roughness Coefficient JCS = Joint Wall Compressive Strength
• Using Risk to include consideration of material variability
Sau Mau Ping Road, Hong Kong