专八改错

1.短语搭配错误（大部分为介词错误）carry/get with things –> carry/get on with thingsto let alone –> let alonein return to –> in return forthe need of –> the need forsubstitute A with B –> substitute A for Baccount 70% --> account for 70%under the grounds of/that –> on the grounds of/thatattitude on life –> attitude towards/to lifein a quick speed –> at a quick speedwith many respects –> in many respectsat the face of –> in the face(s) ofconsiderations to… –> considerations for…become victims of … --> become vi ctims to …ride in a train –> ride on a trainthe problems with the government –> the problems for the government resistive against –> resistive toresistance of –> resistance toembark sth –> embark on sthwith the belief that –> in the belief thatat advance of sth –> in advance of sthinterpret… to –> interpret… asin line to –> in line withto varing degrees –> in varing degreestake pride of –> take pride inleap out to me –> leap out at meinject them lethal strains –> inject them with lethal strainscharge him with the same price –> charge him the same price imbalance of A and B –> imbalance between A and Bshortage of protein with them –> shartage of protein among themfortify sb for sth –> fortify sb against sth (加强…以抵御…)shed light to sth –> shed light on sthin proportion with –> in proportion topay for it with dollars –> pay for it in dollarsbe in liberty to –> be at liberty tobegin at doing –> begin with doingbe contrasted to –> be contrasted withcommit an offence to –> commit an offence againstmodern time –> modern timesability of (doing) sth –> ability in (doing) sthdefend sth against –> defend sth fromat the first place –> in the first placepay money in doing –> pay money for doingtake to do –> tak e to doing (“求助于，开始”，to为介词)yearn to –> yearn forat average –> on averageidentify oneself to –> identify oneself withbe successful on doing –> be successful at/in doingget one’s teeth on –> get one’s teeth into(埋头做，认真做)the action of formation –> the action of forming (of后应接动名词而非名词) approach to do … –> approach to doing …one contributor of –> one contributor toconsumers demand of luxury goods –> consumers demand for luxury goods on one’s 30s –> in one’s 30sbalk to –> balk at (回避，绕过)differ A from B –> distinguish A from B suit to sb/sth –> suit for sb/sthvary by –vary withemphasis of –emphasis on2.易混词错误(1)形近异义词imaginative –imaginaryadapt –adoptconfirm –conformformer –formaldiary –dairypersonal –personnelbeside –besidesprincipal –principleintelligent –intelligibleconscious –conscientiousstationary –stationeryconsiderate –considerableaffect(影响) –effect(致使、达成) contact –contractmoral –moraleindustrious –industrialdesert –dessertrequire –acquire –inquirepresence –presentationsensible –sensitivetransformation –transmissionvalue –evaluatetense –tensionanything –somethingcooker –cookcomplexity(复杂性) –complex(合成体)insurance –assuranceprovide(提供) –provided/providing(假设，如果) perceive –conceiveeffective(有效的) –affective(受…影响的，由…引起的)(2)形近(形异)近义词latter –laterlate(迟的，已故的) –latest(最晚的，最新的)farther(距离更远) –further(程度更进一步)healthy(健康的) –healthful(有益健康的)effective –efficientcontinual(连续的) –continuous(持续不断的) respectable –respectfulhistoric –historicalrise –arise –raise –arousesure –insure –ensure –assurein return to –in response toopposite –oppositionproducing –productivelonely –aloneacross –crossimpressed -- impressivepermit(n.通行证) –permissionrelating –relatedmemorizing –memorablenormal(n.常态,通常标准,一般水平) –norm(规范,行为标准)favorite –favorableacceptability –acceptanceeconomical –economicfew –littlea few –fewlittle –a littleinvent –discoverbefore –agoanother –otheragent(代理人) –agency(代理机构)reward(回馈) –award(奖赏)special –specific(3)兼有两种形式的副词firstly –first (firstly用于列举条目或者表示顺序，first表示时间上“第一次、首次”) hardly(几乎不) –hard(努力地)sure –surelylate –latelyclear(完全地、径直地) –clearly(显然、清楚地)high(高度高地) –highly(程度高地、非常)close(接近地、紧密地) –closely(紧密地、严密地)most(最) –most(大部分)(4)反义词with –withoutpossible –impossiblesubjective –objectiveimport –exportbetter –worseemployee –employeremployment –unemploymentmodifiable –unmodifiablenatural –unnaturaldiscernable –indiscernablelent –borrowedexclusive –inclusiveindependency –dependencywilling –unwillingnothing more than –nothing less thanagree –disagreerarely –frequently / oftenspecific –generalless –more (still more–still less)most –leastknown –unknownrespective –irrespective (irrespective of表示“不管…”) majority –minorityresult in –result fromfortunately -- unfortunatelypowerful –powerlesseasiness –uneasinessprofessional –amateuraware –unawareinclude –exclude(5) 名词单复数异义moral –morals(作名词时用复数形式,表示“道德、伦理”)collection(不可数名词表示“各种因素集合体”) –collections(可数名词表示“收藏品”)manner(方法,方式) –manners(礼仪,礼节)saving –savings(复数表示“存款”)specie(硬币) –species(种类)（species只有单数）mean(n.平均值) –means(方法)(6) 易混短语live with(同…一起生活,忍受) –live by(靠…过活)go about (doing) sth(开始做某事,四处走动,流传,经常从事于) –go around(四处走动,绕道走) tend to –intend toin next week(以当下时间为基准点) –in the next week(以过去的时间为基准点) spend… in doing sth –spend… on sthdie of(内部) –die from(外部)rather than –other thanhave sb do sth –have sth donetake on(从事，开始对付，呈现) –go on(继续)take place –take the place ofconsist in(在于) –consist of(包括)in all(总共) –after all(毕竟)in return(作为报答) –in turn(反过来，轮流)one reason for +短语–one reason why +句子bring out(使显露，使显现) –bring up(教育，培养，提出，(船)抵达目的地)be worth doing –be worthwhile to doreact to(对…作出反应) –react with(以…作出反应)apply… to(将…应用于) –apply for(请求，申请)3.逻辑关系错误（连词使用错误）therefore –nevertheless/however(大部分therefore都要改为however,反之亦然) and –but / whileor –andbut –becausemoreover –howeverafter –beforesince –althoughthere is no…–there is also…that –iffrom now on –from then onall –nonebesides –yetif –unlessbesides –excepttherefore –becauseso –becauseso does he… –neither/nor does he…that’s why +结果–that’s because +原因as if –even ifwhether –if4.代词错误（一致错误）their –itsthat –those (需要特别注意)which –that (有些情况下关系代词只能用that)which –whatit –itself (主宾相同，宾语用反身代词)that/this –it (只有it可作形式主语)his –one’s (泛指时用one)you –yourselfit –theythis –suchXX is less sophisticated than what they are today –XX is less sophisticated than they are to day5.冠词错误(1)定冠词多余on the either side –> on either sidein the Europe –> inEuropein the winter –> in winter (季节前不加定冠词)Kaufman, the/an author of a recent book –Kaufman, author of a recent book(同位语间完全对等关系，不必使用冠词)take the issue –> take issue(对…持异议，不同意)(2)定冠词缺漏among most –> among the mostone of first –> one of the firstatmosphere –> the atmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)（另外还有如：the Equator, the Outerspac e）between us and rest –> between us and the restin minority –> in the minorityaround floor –> around the floorpiano –> the piano (西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)English language –> the English languageat heart of –> at the heart ofworld –> the world(表示“地球”这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词)in long run –> in the long run(3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用illustrate the further difference –> illustrate a further difference (diference第一次提及)注意以下短语的区别in church –in the churchat college –at the collegein court –in the courtin hospital –in the hospitalin office –in the officein prison –in the prisonat sea –at the seain school –in the schoolat table –at the table6.形容词与副词使用错误have been currently –> currentbe well equipped as –> be as well equipped asheavy industrialized –> heavily-industrializedspread colossal –> spread colossallysimilar strong –> similarly strongkeep the number constantly at X a year –> keep number constant at X a year feel hopeless thwarted –> feel hopelessly thwartedcomparative high proportion –> comparatively high proportion(quakes) start deeply in the earth –> start deep in the earthin the passed 5 years –> in the past 5 yearsculture embedded attitudes –> culturally embedded attitudesas much as –> as often asfrom one meter afar –> from one meter awayincreasing –> increasinglysimple –> simplypure –> purelymuch –> manymany –> morelarge –> largerearly –> earlier7.成分残缺或多余(单复数错误)a world which I could get… –> a world in which I could get…shows –> that shows (先行词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不可省略)take for granted that –> take it for grated that1980 –1980sone of the most glaring form –> one of the mist glaring formstheir jobs engage in their interest –> their jobs engage their interest (engage单独使用表示“占用（某人时间），吸引（某人注意力）”)complain about sth –> complain sthwork sth –> work out sthbelieve in –believe (believe单独使用表示一般的“相信”，believe in表示“信任某人，信仰…”)point sth –> point out sth20 percents –> 20 percenteyes contact –> eye contactseven –sevenththe process which it function –> the process by which it functioncommunication service –> communication s service (通信服务、通讯服务)average incomes –> average income (income为不可数名词)the like of –> the likes of(诸如此类的)be referred to XX –> be referred to as XXbe viewed as work of are –> be viewed as a work of art(work作为“作品”讲时，为可数名词)8.时态或语态错误went –goagreeing –agreedconsisted –consistingbored –boringfavoring –favoredif she was –> if she were(非真实条件句)involves –involvingwill –would (虚拟语气中)delaying –delayed (已完成概念或者被动概念)the promise of improving quality of life –> the promise of improved quality of life (已完成概念或者被动概念)assure –assures (第三人称单数)have –has (要看清句子真正的主语)developing –developedconfronting –confrontedthe least understanding –> the least understoodwhat the have told –what they have been toldif circumstances become favorable –if circumstances should become favorable以上近300个典型例子基本涵盖了所有容易出现的错误，我认为一开始就去记这些例子的效果并不理想，最适宜的方法是先做一定数量的改错练习，然后再看上边的总结以及例子，过后再去做题，就能够掌握改错的一些规律，识别出更多的错误并能将其改正，形成自己的做题方法。