英语选修8unit5重点单词

Unit51. identify vt. ~ sb. /sth. as sb./ sth. 确认，证明某人/某物系某人/某物她认出那个男子就是袭击她的人。

The police are trying to identify the dead body.Scientists have identified the gene that causes abnormal growth. identification n. 鉴别；身份证明identification card 身份证identity n. 身份；特征identical adj. 完全相同的，一样的2. alternative adj. （作定语）供选择的，可代替的We recommend using alternative sources of fuel such as charcoal（木炭）.As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of alternative energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.n. 可能的选择；替代物Minibuses with seats for 12 passengers offer an alternative to expensivetaxis and crowded public transport.I'm sorry, there 'sno alternative but to sell the car.另»无选择只好做 . have no alter native but to do= have no choice but to do = have nothing to do but do除了放弃那个计划，我另无选择I have no alternative but to give up the plan.= I have no choice but to give up the plan. = I have nothing to do but give up the plan.3. Review the words: starve; accurate1) _______________________________ T hey got lost in the desert and (starve) to death.2) She is starving ______ trying to lose weight.3) By the year 2025, no one will die of __________ (starve) because therewill be food for everyone.4) He is getting back this afternoon, to be _____ (accurate), at four o'clock.5) It 's impossible to predict the weather ________ (accurate).6) ________ (accurate) is most important in translation.4. Interrupt①vt. vi.打断(讲话或讲话人)，打扰I wish you wouldn 't interrupt me all the time.Sorry to interrupt you, but I have something urgent to tell you.②vt.使…暂时停止；中断The war interrupted the trade between the two countries.My studies were interrupted by the Cultural Revolution.Will you stop ___________ (interrupt) me when I 'm talking?He burst into the room, __________ my teaching.5. acute adj.①敏锐的; 聪明的，机敏的Dogs have an acute sense of smell.His hearing is so _____ that he can even hear a pin drop.②剧烈的；强烈的acute pain acute embarrassmentThere is an acute shortage of water and food.③急性的SARS stands for severe acute respiratory syndrome.acute pneumonia 急性肺炎6. assume vt. 假定; （想当然地）认为I didn 'tsee your car, so I assumed you 'd gone out.I assumed she was American but she was actually Canadian.Let 's just assume the statement to be true.It's generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.assuming 分词可以充当连词使用=supposing 或suppose 意为“假如；假设”Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?Assuming we have won a lottery, how shall we use the money?We reserved a big table on the assumption that fifteen people would come.We can 't just make an assumption but must get the accurate evidence.The assumed enemy sometimes will disturb your life.7. regardless of 不管；不顾We strongly advocate equal treatment for all, regardless of race, religion, orsex. All our proposals were rejected regardless of their merits.This special school accepts all disabled students, ___ educational level and background. A. according to B. regardless of C. in addition D.in terms of Joe is a good basketball player _______ being short and fat._________ ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down.8. Review “at （the） most; at least ”You could buy a good washing machine for about $350, $400 ____ （至多）. _______________ (最高) the temperature in summer goes up to about 38It will take you ________ ( 至少) 20 minutes to get there.He had been dead for _______ ( 至少) a fortnight.It would cost $1 million ______________ ( 最起码).9. 用合适的副词或介词填空：1) The gas has been cut ____ due to the quake.2) You have to cut ____ on the time surfing the internet.3) Davis cut ___ to ask if anyone would like a drink.4) You can cut ___ the last sentence of the paragraph.5) I feel very cut ____ if I didn 't know what was happening in the world.6) Cut ___ the meat and carrots and then mix them.10. 用括号内单词的适当形式补充句子。

I felt a ___ (sharp) pain in my back.Prices have risen _____ (sharp) over the last few months._______ (sharp) all your pencils before the test.Time is _____ (ripe) for a reform.The tomatoes quickly _____ (ripe) in the hot weather.They are trying to ___(wide) the discussion to include environmental issues.11. mess n 杂乱；混乱；vt. 弄脏；弄乱messy adj. 凌乱的；脏的The room wasbecause the thief turned it upside down.I feel I 've made ______ of things.It took me ages to get this right —I don 't want anyone to mess it __ again.It doesn 't matter if you mess it ___ , you can always try again.Sorry the place is so ______ , I haven 'thad time to clear up.12. analyse/analyze vt. 分析analysis —plur. analyses n. 分析analytical adj. 分析的；用分析方法的analyze1) __________________ People do not every problem they meet.2) _________________________ The experts are doing of the samples.3) Would you make/carry out/conduct _____ of the current situations in our country? 4) The earliest computer was called an _________ machine.13. significance n. 意义；意思；重要性significant adj. 重要的；相当数量的For a very long time, people always have been trying to find out the significance of life.The speaker gave us a talk of great __________ .In a sense, they are spending a ___________ amount of time in fruitlessefforts as they do many things at the same time.Health problems can be ____________ reduced by careful diet.14. somehow 以…方式；不知怎么莫名其妙地anyhow=anyway 无论如何；不管怎样somewhat 有点儿；有几分；稍微Somehow the right chance never seemed to present itself.I didn 'tmean to cheat, but it was still cheating anyhow.Anyway( 总之), doing what you love is wonderful.Everything seemed to be all right, yet he felt strange and somewhat uneasy.15. be fed up with … 厌倦的, 厌烦的I am really fed up with the bad weather.I got fed up with my job listening to the customers 'complaints.You look fed up —what 's the matter?He was tired ___ the urban life and hoped to move to the country, expectinga change in his current life style.He tired the audience ___ his long speeches.Andy was bored ____ listening to the same words every day.16. applaud vt.① 向... 鼓掌;向.. 喝彩The audience applauded the singer for three minutes.All people present applauded her success.②称赞;赞赏We applauded him for his courage. I applaud your decision.③vi. 鼓掌欢迎;喝彩Every one applauded whe n the play en ded.As I left the stage, there was only some quiet applause（[u] 掌声）.17. look ahead 向前看,考虑到将来We must look ahead before we make a decision.—You can expect to find a multi-storey building on this site.—Of course, I 'm looking ahead five years when I tell you this.Everyone should look ahead and save a little money each year for when he retires. Look ____ , and you 'llhave a brighter future.I've looked _____ all my papers but I still can 'tfind the article.I like to look ____ my high-school days.We should no t look dow n _______ d isabled people.The stude nts all look up __ the old teacher.Look ____ ! There ' a car coming.The police are looking ____ the records of all those involved in the crime.18. accelerate vt.& vi. 使增速，力『快The driver stepped on the gas and accelerated the car.The car sudde nly accelerated.Fertilizer will accelerate the growth of these tomato pla nts.19. arrest vt. 逮捕;拘留；吸引A man has bee n arrested and is being questi oned now.He was arrested for break ing into the bank.The title of the essay arrested my atte nti on.Any thi ng but the class can arrest your atte nti on.n. [u] 逮捕 ; [c] 逮捕的人Don 'move! You are under arrest. In win ter, the nu mber of arrests gen erally decreases.20. d ate back to ••• = date from … 追溯到......The build ing dates back to the 19th cen tury.Most of the Great Wall dates from the Ming Dy nasty.My in terest in stamp collect ing dates from my schooldays.This old traditi on dates back several cen turies to the 1600s.Our family has an an tique _______ b ack to the Tang Dyn asty.dat ing。