sample试题一
2024年江苏省扬州市中考英语试题(含答案)
扬州市2024年初中毕业升学考试英语一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1．The Marco Polo Memorial Hall stands at the east end of Dongguan Street ________ Yangzhou.A. toB. onC. atD. in2．“What’s that?” is ________ of the first things that children say.A. someB. eachC. oneD. that 3．Teamwork doesn’t happen ________ in the workplace or school. It needs training.A. naturallyB. correctlyC. wildlyD. especially 4．Look! My sister ________ the table. Let’s give her a hand.A. setB. setsC. is settingD. was setting 5．China has made great efforts ________ other countries build high-speed railways.A. helpB. to helpC. helpingD. helped6．Our monitor is ________. He always spends a lot of time helping with our class projects.A. generousB. humorousC. nervousD. curious7．As we all k now, the Yangtze River ________ as a “mother river” of the Chinese nation.A. knowsB. knewC. is knownD. was known8．— How does this new washing machine work?—It’s easy. You ________ touch this icon.A. evenB. almostC. everD. just9．M any think SOS is short for “save our ship”, but it doesn’t really ________ anything.A. look forB. stand forC. pay forD. try for10．You can’t eat an elephant all at once. Eat it one bite ________.A. on timeB. at a timeC. all the timeD. at the same time 11．Since I was born, my family ________ in the same flat.A. liveB. will liveC. are livingD. have lived12．________ you are too tired to do all the things on your To-Do list, try a To-Don’t list.A. IfB. UntilC. AlthoughD. Unless13．— Do you know why zebrafish are taken to Shenzhou-18?— They have ________ like small size and short development cycle.A. stagesB. advantagesC. messagesD. passages 14．Teenagers don’t always understand ________ their parents have so ma ny rules.A. whyB. whichC. whereD. what15．—I hear you’re leaving for Guilin for your holiday?—________. And I’m looking forward to it.A. It doesn’t matterB. It’s a pleasureC. That’s rightD. Never mind二、完形填空（共15 小题；每小题1分，计15分）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
中国科学院大学英语B考试样题Sampletest
中国科学院大学英语B考试样题声明：北京理工大学出版社出版的《中国科学院博士学位英语考试应试指南》依据的是旧的大纲，实际考试形式以本样题为准。
This exam paper includes two parts: PAPER ONE (100 minutes, 75 points) and PAPER TWO (50 minutes, 25 points).(第100分钟时收Answer sheet I)A Sample TestPAPER ONEPart I Listening ComprehensionSection A (10 points)Directions: In this part, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what is said. Eachconversation and the question will be spoken only once. When you hear thequestion, read the four choices of the answer given and choose the best oneby marking the corresponding letter A, B, C, or D on your Answer Sheet I.1. A. Go back home.B. Mail a letter.C. Do the shopping.D. Ask the way.2. A. Dennis always alters his idea about an outing.B. Dennis has no choice but to come with them.C. It’s surprising that Dennis would come with them.D. Dennis has at last agreed to go out.3. A. Go out for fun with the girl.B. Travel with the girl to Holland.C. Try not to spend so much money.D. Let the girl pay her own bill.4. A. The man should reschedule the trip.B. She has no idea when the semester ends.C. She’ll call the travel agency to confirm the date.D. The man should spend his holidays somewhere else.5. A. He forgot to mail the letter.1B. He left the letter in his office.C. The letter slipped off his desk.D. He should have put the letter in his bag.6. A. He was exhausted.B. He was drunk.C. He was worried.D. He was late for work.7. A. In a mall.B. In a pharmacy.C. In the cleaner’s.D. In a department store.8. A. The woman argued for her innocence at court.B. The woman complained that she was forced to pay the fine.C. The woman has got away with many violations of traffic law.D. The woman pleaded ignorance this time of her violation of the traffic law.9. A. Jack has to meet a tight deadline.B. Jack has completed his assignmentC. Jack got himself burnt last night.D. Professor David is a pleasant figure.10．A. He does not like Beth.B. He thinks the world is too crowded.C. He is too excited to do anything about the party.D. He will not help arrange for the party.Section B (10 points)Directions: In this part, you will hear three mini-talks and each of them will be spoken only once. While listening to them, read the questions that follow each talk.You will be asked to write down your answer on your Answer Sheet II,using one sentence only, either complete or incomplete. Your answer shouldbe concise and to the point.Questions 11 to 13 are based on Mini-talk One:Mini-talk One11: How much grain do rats destroy each year in India?12: Where do rats live?13: How do rats spread diseases indirectly?Questions 14 to 16 are based on Mini-talk Two:Mini-talk Two14: What education does the vast majority of US Postal Service jobs require?15: When can one know the special requirements for some postal jobs?216: In addition to the variety of paid leave, what other benefits are provided for a postal employee? (List at least two.)Questions 17 to 20 are based on Mini-talk Three:Mini-talk Three17: Why is popular art said to be primarily entertainment?18: What is the distinction in art between a professional and an amateur?19: How does high art differ from popular art financially?20: What are people interested in high art often required to do?Part II Use of English and Reading ComprehensionSection A (15 points)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. Read the passage carefully and fill in each of the blanks by choosing the right word or phrase from thelist given below. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet II. Capitalize theword when it is necessary. The words and phrases listed are twice as manyas the blanks. Once a word or phrase is chosen, it must be used only once.Many of the most damaging and life-threatening types of weather—torrential rains, severe thunderstorm, and tornadoes—began quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions 21 leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado 22 $ 250 million, the highest 23 for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms 24 the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that 25 these storms. In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just 26 every twelve hours at locations typically 27 by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions 28 they do forecasting specific local events.Until recently, the observation—intensive approach needed for accurate, very short-range forecasts, or “Nowcast”, was not 29 . The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable. 30 , scientific and technological advances have 31 most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly 32 observations over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and 33 , and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work3together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of 34 raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. 35 meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, nowcasting is becoming a reality.Section B (20 questions×1.5 points= 30 points)Directions: Read the following passages carefully and then select the best answer from the four choices given to answer each of the questions or complete each ofthe statements that follow each passage. Mark the letter of your choice onyour Answer Sheet I.Passage 1For centuries, the gravel and sand of Georges Bank and the great canyons, muddy basins, and shallow ledges of the Gulf of Maine have supported one of the world’s most productive fishing regions. But big boulders have historically protected a 1050-square-kilometer region at the bank’s northeastern tip from dredging boats in search of scallops and trawlers hunting down groundfish. However, those boulders are becoming less of a deterrent against improved and sturdier gear. So when geologist Page Valentine of the U.S. Geological Survey in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, stood before his colleagues last month and defended his proposal to safeguard this rare, undisturbed gravel bed, he knew that he was also standing at the crossroads of science and politics. Valentine’s presentation was part of a 2-day workshop held at the New England Aquarium here to build support for Marine Protected Areas (MPAs), a controversial concept aimed at preserving biodiversity in coastal waters. The meeting, organized by Elliott Norse, founder of the Marine Conservation Biology Institute in Redmond, Washington, featured talks by 21 experts across a range of marine habitats and species and represented the marine community’s biggest push fo r MPAs.The discussion generated a map that nominated 29% of the ocean floor off the coast of New England and Canada’s Maritime Province for protection, as well as 25% of pelagic (open-ocean) waters. The next step will come in the fall, when the scientists discuss the plan with government officials, commercial stakeholders, and environmental activists—meetings that are likely to be contentious. “The conservation groups will want to see if various species are covered. And various fishermen will be convinced that their livelihood is threatened,” says Mike Pentony, an analyst for the New England Fishery Management Council, who was an observer at last month’s workshop. The areas could be established by the National Marine Fisheries Service or under existing U.S. and Canadian laws to protect endangered species and habitats.36. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A.Fishery Industry in New England.B.Plan to Protect Coastal waters of New England.C.Restoration of Marine Life in the Gulf of Maine.D.Problems Critical to Ecological Balance in Georges Bank.37. The abundance of fish in the area has been a result of ________.A.the perpetual fishery closureB.the stringent ban on overfishingC.the effective fishery management4D.its unique geographic features38. Boulders used to be a deterrent to ________.A.scallopB.groundfishC.fishing boatsD.improved gear39. At the two-day workshop, the scientists reached an agreement on ______.A.the marine areas to be preservedB.how to rescue the endangered speciesC.the guarant ee of the fishermen’s livelihoodD.what to discuss with the government officials40. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the last paragraph?A.The fishermen will be worried about their livelihood.B. A decision is soon to be made on the protected areas.mercial stakeholders may be at odds with scientists.D.Conflicting interests will arise between fishermen and scientists.Passage 2Some people are accustomed to thinking that facts must either be believed or they must be disbelieved—as if beliefs were like a light switch with only two positions, on or off. My use of the bathtub hoax is intended to illustrate that belief does not have to operate as a simple yes or no choice, all or nothing. Belief can be more conditional; it can be something that we d ecide to have “up to a point.” And so, the question we might ask ourselves while reading does not have to be “Should I believe it or not?” but instead can be “How much should I believe it?” This later question implies that the belief we have in any given fact, or in any given idea, is not determined by whether it sounds right or whether the source is an authority. It means that our beliefs are determined by the reasons that justify them. Belief is not a mechanical action, brought about by invariable rules of nature. It is a human activity, the exercise of judgment. With this in mind, we might say that we perform this action better when we know what the reasons are that have led to our belief, and why they are good reasons.These observations do not deprive us of our ability to believe in what we read. They are not intended to transform you from credulous believers into stubborn doubters. The process of weighing beliefs against the quality of reasons is one that you already go through all the time, whether you are aware of it or not. We all do. The practice of critical reading is the exercise of this kind of judgment on purpose. By doing it, we protect ourselves from being led into belief for inadequate reasons, but at the same time we open up our minds to the possibility of arriving at belief for adequate ones. If we decide to grant or withhold consent based on the quality of the reasons that we are given we admit at the same time that two things are possible: We admit that we might consent less in the future if we discover that the reasons are not so good after all; and we admit that we might consent more if we are ever presented with better reasons than we had formerly known. This attitude is not pure skepticism any more than it is pure credulity. It is somewhere in between. It is the attitude of an open-minded thinker, of someone who wishes to be responsible for deciding for herself or himself what to believe.541. The author’s use of the bathtub hoax is meant to suggest that __________.A. facts must be believed unconditionallyB. belief is more than a simple yes or no choiceC. nothing should be believed or disbelievedD. belief is nothing but a light switch42. To believe or disbelieve what you read should be based on ________.A. the facts that you are givenB. whether the author is an open-minded authorityC. the quality of reasons provided by the materialD. the assumption that you know everything about it43. As a human activity, weighing the facts about something is actually _______.A. determined by the rules of natureB. a performanceC. brought about even at birthD. experienced by everyone44. According to the author, which of the following is true?A. Our attitude toward what we read may change if we are given better reasons.B. An open-minded thinker is responsible for what he or she says.C. Critical reading can make us believe more in what we read.D. We ought to question the value of what we read if its source is not authoritative.45. What is the topic of this passage?A. Judgment and Responsibility.B. Reading and Belief.C. Trust and Faith.D. Reading and Human Activity.Passage 3Things don’t come easily to Matteo, a 4-year-old New Yorker with brown bangs and cowboy bandanna. Afflicted by cerebral palsy, he moves awkwardly. He thinks slow ly and doesn’t talk much. Small frustrations upset him terribly. But when Matteo visits Clive Robbins, his music therapist, he bangs gleefully on a snare drum, placing one hand on the rim to steady himself, he uses the other to rap in tempo to Robbins’s improvised song. As the tune progresses, Matteo moves his act to the piano, banging along with one or two fingers and laughing excitedly. By following the rhythm, he is learning to balance his body and coordinate the movement of his limbs. He’s also learning to communicate. “He is grown much more motivated and intent,” says Robbins, the co-founder of New York University’s Nordoff-Robbins Center for Music Therapy.Disabled children aren’t the only ones feeling the therapeutic power of music. A 79-year-old stroke survivor listens to Viennese waltzes on his headphones to help him to relearn to walk. A woman in labor had LeAnn Rimes’ country tunes blaring from a stereo to help her keep in step with her contraction. And, yes, ostensibly healthy people are listening to airy New Age discs, and maybe lighting a candle or two, to lessen stress and promote well-being. They may all be on to something. Mounting evidence suggests6that almost any musical stimulus, from Shostakovich to the Spice Girls can have therapeutic effects.Music therapy isn’t mainstream health care, but recent studies suggest it can havea wide range of benefits. In 1996, researchers at Colorado State University tried giving10 stroke victims 30 minutes of rhythmic stimulation each day for three weeks. Compared with untreated patients, they shared significant improvements in their ability to walk steadily. People with Parkinson’s disease enjoyed similar benefits. A musical beat from any genre seemed to provide a rhythmic cue, stimulating the brain’s mot or systems.Other body systems seem equally responsive. Scottish researchers have found, for example, that a daily dose of Mozart or Mendelssohn significantly brightens the moods of institutionalized stroke victims. Using psychological tests, the Scottish team showed that patients receiving 12 weeks of daily music therapy were less depressed and anxious, and more stable and sociable, than other patients in the same facility. Music therapy has also proved useful in the management of Alzheimer’s and other neu rological diseases. And Deforia Lane, a music therapist at University Hospitals in Cleveland, has shown that music can boost immune function in children. That’s consistent with a 1995 finding by Louisiana researchers that preemies exposed to lullabies in the hospital went home earlier.46. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A.Why Music is PowerfulB.Music and Pain MedicationC.Music and Disabled ChildrenD.The Medical Power of Music47. What does the passage say about Matteo?A. He is suffering a paralysis of the brain.B. He is late in his ability to walk and talk.C. He plays music better by taking the advice.D. He’s ambitious to become a professional drummer.48. Paragraph 2 mainly tells that ________________.A.music helps pregnant women undergo contractionsB.music stimulates promotion of people’s well-beingC.music seems to have therapeutic effects on all peopleD.sick people benefit a lot from listening to music49. By mentioning the Spice Girls, the author gives an example of musicA.which is popular among children.B.which is good for health.C.which may harm one’s health.D.which is losing popularity.50. According to the context, the word “preemies” probably means________.A.sick children coming to see a doctorB.children with infectious diseasesC.newly recovered young patients7D.premature babiesPassage 4In terms of lives lost and property destroyed, the Civil War was the most terrible armed conflict Americans have ever known, but that has not prevented them from remembering it with enduring fondness. The Civil War remains the most written-about period in American history, and it provides boundless entertainment in the United States and around the world. Instead of an object lesson in the dangers of political polarization, racial inequality, and human cruelty, fans consider their favorite war an exercise in nobility—a bloodbath that somehow forged the unbreakable bonds of American national identity.Most Civil War historians were reared in this romantic tradition, and they have yet to fully free themselves from it. They still view the struggle through rose-colored glasses, making excuses for flawed heroes who have the reputations they never deserved. With the publication of While in the Hands of the Enemy: Military Prisons of the Civil War, Charles W. Sanders has distinguished himself as one of the few scholars capable of addressing the Civil War with utter frankness. His brilliantly researched book is a ringing indictment of the prisoner-of-war (POW) systems maintained by both sides of that war, as well as the politicians and soldiers who deliberately sent thousands of men to needless suffering and death. There are no heroes in this study, just too many unnecessary victims.Sanders sets his study in context by first tracing the evolution of POW policy during the American Revolution, War of 1812, and Mexican War. Americans knew that POWs were vulnerable to mistreatment, and the quickest way to improve their lot was to negotiate exchanges with the enemy. At the outset of the Civil War, neither side was prepared to cope with the many foes their armies captured, and prisoners inevitably suffered from inadequate housing, food, medical care, and other necessities. Abraham Lincoln delayed the implementation of general exchanges until July 1862 for fear it would allow rebellious southerners to claim de facto recognition of the Southern sovereignty. Once implemented, the exchange system quickly emptied prisons in the North and South, but it began breaking down by the end of the year.51. Most Civil War historians would agree that the Civil War may haveA. taught a useful lesson about human nature.B. started political struggles in America.C. raised the awareness of the race issue.D. strengthened American national identity.52. Civil War historians usual ly believe that “flawed heroes”A. should be forgiven.B. should be criticized.C. should be studied further.D. should be evaluated objectively.53. According to Charles W. Sanders, the Civil WarA. created various heroes.B. brought pointless misery.C. started the first POW system.8D. was brutal but inevitable.54. In the early days of the Civil War,A. the POWs were in difficult situations.B. the number of the POWs was small.C. the POW exchanges were frequent.D. both sides used the POWs for political purposes.55. What does the passage say about the POW exchange system of 1862?A. It had been postponed deliberately.B. It put the South at a political advantage.C. It became a successful model for later time.D. It raised the public awareness of the POW problem.Section C (10 points)Directions: There are two passages in this section. In each of the passages, five sentences have been removed from the original text. They are listed from A toF and put below the passage. Choose the most suitable sentence from the listto fill in each of the blanks numbered 56 to 60 and 61 to 65. There is onesentence that does not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on yourAnswer Sheet I.Passage 1China’s growth is not uniformly high. Like every other e conomy in the world, China’s is shaped by its geography, in this case an east-west divide and a north-south divide. ___56___ China’s east coast is the Pacific Ocean, and some of the most important port cities in the world can be found there, including (from north to south) the ports of Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, and Hainan Island. The coastal provinces have the advantage of proximity, both in time and transport costs, to major world markets by sea-based trade. ___57___ Both are forbidding borders, with enormous transport costs and great distances to major world trading centers. It is not surprising that the western provinces have been growing much less rapidly than the eastern provinces, and that foreign investors focus their investments almost entirely on the eastern coastal provinces____58____ This is economic geography, and the east-west growth divide is natural. It won’t go away. It will be addressed partly through an internal migration of job seekers leaving the west and heading east. This trend has already produced the largest migration occurring in the world today, with perhaps 150 million people having moved either permanently or seasonally between the interior and the coastal provinces. ___59___ These investments will help improve infrastructure, industrial development, and social development, through better schools and better health services.The Chinese north-south divide is a little bit less conspicuous, but it is also very significant. The north is dry compared to the south. ___60___ Already China is talking about spending tens of billions of dollars to divert rivers from the south to the north in three great canals whose costs, effectiveness, and ecological effects are hard to assess with precision, but the risks are very large.910Passage 2Doctors have long known that lung cancer, which kills 160,000 Americans each year, takes a heavier toll among black Americans, particularly black men, than among whites. ___61___ It also has to do with differences in income and access to medical care. But there has always been a lingering suspicion that some of the gap might be due to either overt or subconscious discrimination. A study in last week’s New England Journal of Medicine appears to support that disturbing conclusion.___62___ Even so, about 20% of lung-cancer patients are found to have a tumor whose biological characteristics and small size give them a good chance of being cured if the malignant growth is surgically removed.Researchers at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City and the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Md., looked at data from more than 10,000 white and black Medicare patients whose tumors were found early enough to make them candidates for surgery. About 77% of the white patients underwent the procedure, compared with 64% of blacks. The difference was sufficiently large to reduce the overall survival rate for black patients to 26% after five years, compared with 34% for whites. ___63___ “People are dying needlessly,” says Dr. Peter Bach of Memorial Sloan-Kettering,who led the study. He suspects “some combination of the procedure not being offered or pushed by doctors, and patients not accepting it.”___64___ So getting the word out that there is a proven treatment could help close the gap. It’s also vital for doctors and patients to make sure they understand each other.Better communication will be even more important as treatments become more complex . Currently there’s no screening test for finding lung cancer early. (Chest X rays almost always catch it too late.) But Dr. Claudia Henschke of the Weill Medical College at Cornell University in New York City and her colleagues believe they have found a way to identify very small tumors with low-dose CAT scans. ___65___PAPER TWOSection A (10 points)Directions:Read the following article and write a summary of between 120 and 150 words on your Answer Sheet II. You should NOT copy the original sentences This year, like every other year within the past couple of decades, uncountable trillions of mosquitoes will inject malaria parasites into human blood streams billions of times. Some 300 to 500 million full-blown cases of malaria will result, and between 1 and 3 million people will die, most of them pregnant women and children. That’s the official figure, anyway, but it’s likely to be a substantial underestimate, since most malaria deaths are not formally registered, and many are likely to have escaped the estimators. Very roughly, the malaria death toll rivals that of AIDS, which now kills about 3 million people annually.But unlike AIDS, malaria is a low-priority killer. Despite the deaths, and the fact that roughly 2.5 billion people (40 percent of the world’s population) are at risk of contracting the disease, malaria is a relatively low public health priority on the international scene. Malaria rarely makes the news. And international funding for malaria research currently comes to a mere $150 million annually. Just by way of comparison, that’s only about 5 percent of the $2.8 billion that the U.S. government alone is considering for AIDS research in the next fiscal year.The low priority assigned to malaria would be at least easier to understand, though no less mistaken, if the threat were static. Unfortunately it is not. It is true that the geographic range of the disease has contracted substantially since the mid-20th century, but over the past couple of decades, malaria has been gathering strength. Virtually all areas where the disease is prevalent have seen drug-resistant strains of the parasites emerge—a development that is almost certainly boosting death rates. In countries as various as Armenia, Afghanistan, and Sierra Leone, the lack or deterioration of basic infrastructure has created a wealth of new breeding sites for the mosquitoes that spread the disease. The rapidly expanding slums of many tropical cities also lack such infrastructure; poor sanitation and crowding have primed these places as well for outbreaks—even though malaria has up to now been regarded as predominantly a rural disease.What can current policy offer in the face of these threats? The medical arsenal is limited; there are only about a dozen anti-malarial drugs commonly in use, and there is significant malaria resistance to most of them. In the absence of a reliable way to kill the parasites, policy has tended to focus on killing the mosquitoes that bear them. And that has led to an abundant use of synthetic pesticides, including one of the oldest and most dangerous: dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, or DDT.11Section B (15 points)Direction:Now China has a growing number of old people. How will this trend affect China? Write an English essay of at least 200 words to explain your answer. Use the proper space on Answer Sheet II.******************************************************************Reference key to Sample TestPart ISection A1—10 C D D A A B C C B DSection BMini-talk One11: Ten million tons of grain each year.12: Any place they can get into—homes, shops, farm buildings and farm and home storage areas.13: By carrying fleas, mites and other organisms that cause sickness.Mini-talk Two14: Four years of high school or less.15: Any special requirements will be stated on the announcement of examination. 16: Retirement support, life insurance and health insurance.Mini-talk Three17: Many of them are hits for a few weeks then they disappear.18: A professional tries to make a living by working in art, while an amateur does all the artistic work just for pleasure.19: Popular art usually makes a lot of money, while high art often lacks funds.20: To give money to make future performances possible.Part IISection A21. while 22. exceeded 23. ever 24. like 25. precede 26.once 27. separated 28. than 29. feasible 30. Fortunately 31.overcome 32.continuous 33.instantaneously 34.transforming 35. AsSection B36. B. 37. D. 38. C. 39. A. 40. B. 41. B. 42. C. 43. D. 44. A. 45. B. 46. D. 47. A. 48. C. 49. B. 50. D 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. A Section C56—60. ADECB61—65. BFACE12。
ACM面试题-美国计算机程序选拔赛
【试题一】青蛙相遇问题【题目描述】两只青蛙在网上相识了，它们聊得很开心，于是觉得很有必要见一面。
它们很高兴地发现它们住在同一条纬度线上，于是它们约定各自朝西跳，直到碰面为止。
可是它们出发之前忘记了一件很重要的事情，既没有问清楚对方的特征，也没有约定见面的具体位置。
不过青蛙们都是很乐观的，它们觉得只要一直朝着某个方向跳下去，总能碰到对方的。
但是除非这两只青蛙在同一时间跳到同一点上，不然是永远都不可能碰面的。
为了帮助这两只乐观的青蛙，你被要求写一个程序来判断这两只青蛙是否能够碰面，会在什么时候碰面。
我们把这两只青蛙分别叫做青蛙A和青蛙B，并且规定纬度线上东经0度处为原点，由东往西为正方向，单位长度1米，这样我们就得到了一条首尾相接的数轴。
设青蛙A的出发点坐标是x，青蛙B的出发点坐标是y。
青蛙A一次能跳m米，青蛙B一次能跳n米，两只青蛙跳一次所花费的时间相同。
纬度线总长L米。
现在要你求出它们跳了几次以后才会碰面。
Input 输入只包括一行5个整数x，y，m，n，L，其中x≠y < 2000000000，0 < m、n < 2000000000，0 < L < 2100000000。
Output 输出碰面所需要的跳跃次数，如果永远不可能碰面则输出一行"Impossible"示例Sample Input1 2 3 4 5Sample Output4题目要求；1.程序应该可以运行：通过控制台输入数据，输出数据通过printf给出；2.程序结构明了逻辑缜密、清晰，符合编码规范；3.程序功能正确；程序要注意效率；并且要求根据输入及时确认是否能够相遇，如果不能相遇请及早退出程序；程序思路：说明：可以将青蛙的路线看坐是一个圆判断其坐标如果下一次跳动后将饶过原点则把坐标转换这样无论青蛙在哪个位置上都用坐标来表示它如果两只青蛙坐标相等则相遇如果两只青蛙开始的坐标不一样但是速度一样那么将永远不能相遇【试题二】田忌赛马此题就是经典的田忌赛马，田忌和他的对手分别有n匹马，分别给出田忌的马的速度和对手的马的速度。
TKT-module-2-sample测试题
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES There are 80 questions in this paper. Each question carries one mark.
PV5 © UCLES 2015
2 For questions 1 – 6, match the activities for teaching writing with the main teaching focuses listed A – G. Mark the correct letter (A – G) on your answer sheet. There is one extra option which you do not need to use.
14
The main aim of Stage 1 is to A B C introduce key themes for the unit. present a set of proper nouns. review structures from a previous unit.
Turn over ►
5 15 The main aim of Stage 2 is to A B C remind learners of structures they will need for the activity. assess learners’ own experiences. stimulate learners’ interest in the topic.
3 4 5 6
Turn over ►
3 For questions 7 – 13, match the stages of a lesson with the main stage aims listed A – I. Mark the correct letter (A – I) on your answer sheet. There is one extra option which you do not need to use.
雅思测试题
Questions 1–60Multiple Choice1. The machine looked like a large, ________ , old-fashioned typewriter.A) forceful B) clumsy C) intense D) tricky2. Though she began her ______ by singing in a local pop group, she is now a famous Hollywood movie star.A) employment B) career C) occupation D) profession3. Within two weeks of arrival, all foreigners had to _______ with the local police.A) inquire B) consult C) register D) profession4. Considering your salary, you should be able to _____ at least twenty dollars a week.A) put forward B) put up C) put out D) put aside5. As he has _______ our patience, we’ll not wait for him any longer.A) torn B) wasted C) exhausted D) consumed6. These teachers try to be objective when they _______ the integrated ability of their students.A) justify B) evaluate C) indicate D) reckon7. Mrs. Morris's daughter is pretty and _______, and many girls envy her.A) slender B) light C) faint D) minor8. Tomorrow the mayor is to _____ a group of Canadian businessmen on a tour of the city.A) coordinate B) cooperate C) accompany D) associate9. I'm ______ enough to know it is going to be a very difficult situation to compete against three strong teams.A) realistic B) conscious C) register D) resolve10. Can you give me even the _______ clue as to where her son might be?A) simplest B) slightest C) least D) utmost11. Norman Davis will be remembered by many _____ with not only as a great scholar but also as a most delightful and faithful friend.A) kindness B) friendliness C) warmth D) affection12. Salaries for ______ positions seem to be higher than for permanent ones.A) legal B) optional C) voluntary D) temporary13. Most people agree that the present role of women has already affected U.S. society. _______, it has affected the traditional role of men.A) Above all B) In all C) At most D) At last14. Science and technology have _____ in important ways to the improvement of agricultural production.A) attached B) assisted C) contributed D) witnessed15. As an actor he could communicate a whole _____ of emotions.A) frame B) range C) number D) scale16. This is what you should bear in mind: Don't _____ a salary increase before you actually get it.A) hang on B) draw on C) wait on D) count on17. The ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated _____ instead of mechanically.A) artificially B) automatically C) manually D) synthetically18. The little girl was so frightened that she just wouldn't ______ her grip on my arm.A) loosen B) remove C) relieve D) dismiss19. He never arrives on time and my ______ is that he feels the meetings are useless.A) preference B) conference C) inference D) reference20. Mrs. Smith was so ______ about everything that no servants could please her.A) specific B) special C) precise D) particular21. Last night he saw two dark ______ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.A) features B) figures C) sketches D) images22. It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without _______.A) exception B) exclusion C) modification D) substitution23. His temper and personality show that he can become a soldier of the top _____.A) circle B) rank C) category D) grade24. During the lecture, the speaker occasionally _____ his point by relating his own experiences.A) illustrated B) hinted C) cited D) displayed25. Only those who can _____ to lose their money should make high-risk investments.A) maintain B) sustain C) endure D) afford26. He found the ______ media attention intolerable and decided to go abroad.A) sufficient B) constant C) steady D) plenty27. There has been a collision _______ a number of cars on the main road to town.A) composing B) consisting C) involving D) engaging28. _______ elephants are different from wild elephants in many aspects, including their tempers.A) Cultivated B) Regulated C) Civil D) Tame29. Ten days ago the young man informed his boss of his intention to _______.A) resign B) reject C) retreat D) replace30. As one of the world's highest paid models, she had her face_____ for five million dollarsA) deposited B) assured C) measured D) insured31. I went along thinking of nothing ______, only looking at things around me.A) in particular B) in harmony C) in doubt D) in brief32. Critics believe that the control of television by mass advertising has ______ the quality of the programs.A) lessened B) declined C) affected D) effected33. I must congratulate you ______ the excellent design of the new bridge.A) with B) of C) at D) on34. There is a fully ______ health center on the ground floor of the main office building.A) installed B) equipped C) provided D) projected35. For more than 20 years, we've been supporting educational programs that _____ from kindergartens to colleges.A) move B) shift C) range D) spread36. The ______ at the military academy is so rigid that students can hardly bear it.A) convention B) confinement C) principle D) discipline37. The test results are beyond______; they have been repeated in labs all over the world.A) negotiation B) conflict C) bargain D) dispute38. I was so ______in today's history lesson. I didn’t understand a thing.A) amazed B) neglected C) confused D) amused39. It ______ you to at least 50% off the regular price of either frames or lenses when you buy both.A) presents B) entitles C) credits D) tips40. Deserts and high mountains have always been a ______ to the movement of people from place to place.A) barrier B) fence C) prevention D) jam41. In order to make things convenient for the people, the department is planning to set up some ______ shops in the residential area.A) flowing B) drifting C) mobile D) unstable42. Mr. Smith says: "The media are very good at sensing a mood and then ______ it."A) overtaking B) enlarging C) widening D) exaggerating43. This is not an economical way to get more water; ______, it is very expensive.A) on the other hand B) on the contrary C) in short D) or else44. It was the first time that such a ______had to be taken at a British nuclear power station.A) presentation B) precaution C) preparation D) prediction45. ______ that he wasn't happy with the arrangements, I tried to book a different hotel.A) Perceiving B) Penetrating C) Puzzling D) Preserving46. The board of the company has decided to ______ its operations to include all aspects of the clothing business.A) multiply B) lengthen C) expand D) stretch47. His business was very successful, but it was at the ______ of his family life.A) consumption B) credit C) exhaustion D) expense48. First published in 1927, the charts remain an ______ source for researchers.A) identical B) indispensable C) intelligent D) inevitable49. Joe is not good at sports, but when it ______mathematics, he is the best in the class.A) comes to B) comes up to C) comes on to D) comes around to50. Doctors warned against chewing tobacco as a ______ for smoking.A) relief B) revival C) substitute D) succession51. When carbon is added to iron in proper ______the result is steel.A) rates B) thicknesses C) proportions D) densities52. You should try to ______ your ambition and be more realistic.A) reserve B) restrain C) retain D) replace53. Nancy is only a sort of ______ of her husband's opinion and has no ideas of her own.A) sample B) reproduction C) shadow D) echo54. Now that spring is here, you can ______ these fur coats till you need them again next winter.A) put over B) put away C) put off D) put down55. There is a _____ of impatience in the tone of his voice.A) hint B) notion C) dot D) phrase56. Please ______dictionaries when you are not sure of word spelling or meaning.A) seek B) inquire C) search D) consult57. At yesterday's party, Elizabeth's boyfriend amused us by ______ Charlie Chaplin.A) copying B) following C) imitating D) modeling58. She keeps a supply of candles in the house in case of power ______.A) failure B) lack C) absence D) drop59. The group of technicians are engaged in a study which ______ all aspects of urban planning.A) inserts B) grips C) performs D) embraces60. The lecture which lasted about three hours was so ______ that the audience couldn't help yawning.A) tedious B) bored C) clumsy D) tiredQuestions 61–80Reading ComprehensionReading Passage 1Introducing dung1 beetles into a pasture is a simple process: approximately 1,500 beetles are released, a handful at a time, into fresh cow pats2 in the cow pasture. The beetles immediately disappear beneath the pats digging and tunnelling and, if they successfully adapt to their new environment, soon become a permanent,self-sustaining part of the local ecology. In time they multiply and within three or four years the benefits to the pasture are obvious.Dung beetles work from the inside of the pat so they are sheltered from predators such as birds and foxes. Most species burrow into the soil and bury dung in tunnels directly underneath the pats, which are hollowed out from within. Some large species originating from France excavate tunnels to a depth of approximately 30 cm below the dung pat. These beetles make sausage-shaped brood chambers along the tunnels. The shallowest tunnels belong to a much smaller Spanish species that buries dung in chambers that hang like fruit from the branches of a pear tree. South African beetles dig narrow tunnels of approximately 20 cm below the surface of the pat.Some surface- dwelling beetles, including a South African species, cutperfectly-shaped balls from the pat, which are rolled away and attached to the bases of plants.For maximum dung burial in spring, summer and autumn, farmers require a variety of species with overlapping periods of activity. In the cooler environments of the state of Victoria, the large French species (2.5 cms long), is matched with smaller (half this size), temperate-climate Spanish species. The former are slow to recover from the winter cold and produce only one or two generations of offspring from late spring until autumn. The latter, which multiply rapidly in early spring, produce two to fiveQuestions 66 –70Choose the correct heading for sections A - D and F from the list of headings below.Section BNo activity affects more of the earth's surface than farming. It shapes a third of the planet's land area, not counting Antarctica, and the proportion is rising. World food output per head has risen by 4 per cent between the 1970s and 1980s mainly as a result of increases in yields from land already in cultivation, but also because more land has been brought under the plough. Higher yields have been achieved by increased irrigation, better crop breeding, and a doubling in the use of pesticides and chemical fertilisers in the 1970s and 1980s.Section CAll these activities may have damaging environmental impacts. For example, land clearing for agriculture is the largest single cause of deforestation; chemical fertilisers and pesticides may contaminate water supplies; more intensive farming and the abandonment of fallow periods tend to exacerbate soil erosion; and the spread of monoculture and use of high-yielding varieties of crops have been accompanied by the disappearance of old varieties of food plants which might have provided some insurance against pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the productivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil's productivity. The country subsequently embarked upon a program to convert 11 per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is vanishing much faster than in America.Section DGovernment policies have frequently compounded the environmental damage that farming can cause. In the rich countries, subsidies for growing crops and price supports for farm output drive up the price of land. The annual value of these subsidies is immense: about $250 billion, or more than all World Bank lending in the 1980s. To increase the output of crops per acre, a farmer's easiest option is to use more of the most readily available inputs: fertilisers and pesticides. Fertiliser use doubled in Denmark in the period 1960-1985 and increased in The Netherlands by 150 per cent. The quantity of pesticides applied has risen too: by 69 per cent in 1975-1984 in Denmark, for example, with a rise of 115 per cent in the frequency of application in the three years from 1981.In the late 1980s and early 1990s some efforts were made to reduce farm subsidies. The most dramatic example was that of New Zealand, which scrapped most farm support in 1984.A study of the environmental effects, conducted in 1993, found that the end of fertiliser subsidies had been followed by a fall in fertiliser use (a fall compounded by the decline in world commodity prices, which cut farm incomes). The removal of subsidies also stopped land-clearing and over-stocking, which in the past had been the principal causes of erosion. Farms began to diversify. The one kind of subsidy whose removal appeared to have been bad for the environment was the subsidy to manage soil erosion.In less enlightened countries, and in the European Union, the trend has been to reduce rather than eliminate subsidies, and to introduce new payments to encourage farmers to treat their land in environmentally friendlier ways, or to leave it fallow. It may sound strange but such payments need to be higher than the existing incentives for farmers to grow food crops. Farmers, however, dislike being paid to do nothing. In several countries they have become interested in the possibility of using fuel produced from crop residues either as a replacement for petrol (as ethanol) or as fuel for power stations (as biomass).Such fuels produce far less carbon dioxide than coal or oil, and absorb carbon dioxide as they grow. They are therefore less likely to contribute to the greenhouse effect. But they are rarely competitive with fossil fuels unless subsidised and growing them does no less environmental harm than other crops.Section EIn poor countries, governments aggravate other sorts of damage. Subsidies for pesticides and artificial fertilisers encourage farmers to use greater quantities than are needed to get the highest economic crop yield. A study by the International Rice Research Institute of pesticide use by farmers in South East Asia found that, with pest-resistant varieties of rice, even moderate applications of pesticide frequently cost farmers more than they saved. Such waste puts farmers on a chemical treadmill: bugs and weeds become resistant to poisons, so next year's poisons must be more lethal. One cost is to human health. Every year some 10,000 people die from pesticide poisoning, almost all of them in the developing countries, and another 400,000 become seriously ill. As for artificial fertilisers, their use worldwide increased by 40 per cent per unit of farmed land between the mid 1970s and late 1980s, mostly in the developing countries. Overuse of fertilisers may cause farmers to stop rotating crops or leaving their land fallow. That, in turn, may make soil erosion worse.Section FA result of the Uruguay Round of world trade negotiations is likely to be a reduction of 36 per cent in the average levels of farm subsidies paid by the rich countries in 19861990. Some of the world's food production will move from Western Europe to regions where subsidies are lower or nonexistent, such as the former communist countries and parts of the developing world. Some environmentalists worry about this outcome. It will undoubtedly mean more pressure to convert natural habitat into farmland. But it will also have many desirable environmental effects. The intensity of farming in the rich world should decline, and the use of chemical inputs will diminish. Crops are more likely to be grown in the environments to which they are naturally suited. And more farmers in poor countries will have the money and the incentive to manage their land in ways that are sustainable in the long run. That is important. To feed an increasingly hungry world, farmers need every incentive to use their soil and water effectively and efficiently.Reading Passage 3The Risks of Cigarette SmokeDiscovered in the early 1800s and named ‘nicotianine’, the oily essence now called nicotine is the main active ingredient of tobacco. Nicotine, however, is only a small component of cigarette smoke, which contains more than 4,700 chemical compounds, including 43 cancercausing substances. In recent times, scientific research has been providing evidence that years of cigarette smoking vastly increases the risk ofdeveloping fatal medical conditions.In addition to being responsible for more than 85 per cent of lung cancers, smoking is associated with cancers of, amongst others, the mouth, stomach and kidneys, and is thought to cause about 14 per cent of leukaemia and cervical cancers. In 1990, smoking caused more than 84,000 deaths, mainly resulting from such problems as pneumonia, bronchitis and influenza. Smoking, it is believed, is responsible for 30 per cent of all deaths from cancer and clearly represents the most important preventable cause of cancer in countries like the United States today.Passive smoking, the breathing in of the side-stream smoke from the burning of tobacco between puffs or of the smoke exhaled by a smoker, also causes a serious health risk. A report published in 1992 by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) emphasized the health dangers, especially from side-stream smoke. This type of smoke contains more, smaller particles and is therefore more likely to be deposited deep in the lungs. On the basis of this report, the EPA has classified environmental tobacco smoke in the highest risk category for causing cancer.As an illustration of the health risks, in the case of a married couple where one partner is a smoker and one a nonsmoker, the latter is believed to have a 30 per cent higher risk of death from heart disease because of passive smoking. The risk of lung cancer also increases over the years of exposure and the figure jumps to 80 per cent if the spouse has been smoking four packs a day for 20 years. It has been calculated that 17 per cent of cases of lung cancer can be attributed to high levels of exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke during childhood and adolescence.A more recent study by researchers at the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF) has shown that secondhand cigarette smoke does more harm to nonsmokers than to smokers. Leaving aside the philosophical question of whether anyone should have to breathe someone else’s cigarette smoke, the report suggests that the smoke experienced by many people in their daily lives is enough to produce substantial adverse effects on a person’s heart and lungs.The report, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (AMA), was based on the researchers’ own earlier research but also includes a review of studies over the past few years. The American Medical Association represents about half of all US doctors and is a strong opponent of smoking. The study suggests that people who smoke cigarettes are continually damaging their cardiovascular system, which adapts in order to compensate for the effects of smoking. It further states that people who do not smoke do not have the benefit of their system adapting to the smoke inhalation. Consequently, the effects of passive smoking are far greater onnon-smokers than on smokers.This report emphasizes that cancer is not caused by a single element in cigarettesmoke; harmful effects to health are caused by many components. Carbon monoxide, for example, competes with oxygen in red blood cells and interferes with the blood’s ability to deliver life-giving oxygen to the heart. Nicotine and other toxins in cigarette smoke activate small blood cells called platelets, which increases the likelihood of blood clots, thereby affecting blood circulation throughout the body.The researchers criticize the practice of some scientific consultants who work with the tobacco industry for assuming that cigarette smoke has the same impact on smokers as it does on non-smokers. They argue that those scientists are underestimating the damage done by passive smoking and, in support of their recent findings, cite some previous research which points to passive smoking as the cause for between 30,000 and 60,000 deaths from heart attacks each year in the United States. This means that passive smoking is the third most preventable cause of death after active smoking and alcohol-related diseases.The study argues that the type of action needed against passive smoking should be similar to that being taken against illegal drugs and AIDS (SIDA). The UCSF researchers maintain that the simplest and most cost-effective action is to establish smoke-free work places, schools and public places.Questions 71–73Choose the appropriate letters A – D..71According to information in the text, leukaemia and pneumoniaA are responsible for 84,000 deaths each year.B are strongly linked to cigarette smoking.C are strongly linked to lung cancer.D result in 30 per cent of deaths per year.72According to information in the text, intake of carbon monoxideA inhibits the flow of oxygen to the heart.B increase absorption of other smoke particles.C inhibits red blood cell formation.D promotes nicotine absorption.73According to information in the text, intake of nicotine encouragesA blood circulation through the bodyB activity of other toxins in the blood.C formation of blood clots.D an increase of platelets in the blood.Questions 74–77Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in the reading passage?YES if the statement agrees with the writer’s claimsNO if the statement contradicts the writer’s claimsNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this74 Thirty per cent of deaths in the United States are caused by smoking-relatedWriting TaskThe charts below show the main reasons for study among students of different age groups and the amount of support they received from employers.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparison where relevant.Write at least 150 words.参考答案：1 B) clumsy 2.B) career 3.C) register 4.D) put aside 5.C) exhausted6.B) evaluate7.A) slender8.C) accompany9.A) realistic10.B) slightest11.D) affection12.D) temporary13.A) Above all14.C) contributed15.B) range 16.D) count on17.C) manually18.A) loosen19.C) inference20.D) particular21.B) figures22.A) exception23.B) rank24.A) illustrated25.D) afford26.B) constant27.C) involving28.D) Tame29.A) resign30.D) insured31. A) in particular 32. C) affected 33. D) on 34. B) equipped 35. C) range 36. D) discipline 37. D) dispute 38.C) confused 39. B) entitles 40. A) barrier 41.C) mobile 42.D) exaggerating 43.B) on the contrary 44.B) precaution 45.A) Perceiving46.C) expand 47. D) expense 48.B) indispensable 49.A) comes to 50.C) substitute51.C) proportions 52.B) restrain 53.D) echo 54.B) put away 55.A) hint56 D) consult 57. C) imitating 58.A) failure 59.D) embraces 60.A) tedious61. temperate 62. early spring63. two to five // 2 - 5 64. subtropical65. South African tunnelling // tunneling 66. v67. vii 68. ii69. iv 70. i71. B 72. A73. C 74. NO75. NOT GIVEN 76. YES77. NOT GIVEN 78. E79. G 80. HSample AnswerThe first graph shows that there is a gradual decrease in study for career reasons with age. Nearly 80% of students under 26 years, study for their career. This percentage gradually declines by 10-20% every decade. Only 40% of 40-49yr olds and 18% of over 49yr olds are studying for career reasons in late adulthood.Conversely, the first graph also shows that study stemming from interest increases with age. There are only 10% of under 26yr olds studying out of interest. The percentage increases slowly till the beginning of the fourth decade, and increases dramatically in late adulthood. Nearly same number of 40-49yr olds study for career and interest. However 70% of over 49yr olds study for interest in comparison to 18% studying for career reasons in that age group.The second graph shows that employer support is maximum (approximately 60%) for theunder 26yr students. It drops rapidly to 32% up to the third decade of life, and then increases in late adulthood up to about 44%. It is unclear whether employer support is only for career-focused study, but the highest level is for those students who mainly study for career purposes.。
试题库-1
private String name;
private String pwd;
private User(){
}
}
public class LoginApp{
public static void main(String[] args){
User user = new User();
一、选择题
1.当我们定义变量时，下列哪个是错误的？( C )
A、_sysB、$changeC、1nameD、thisOne
2.当我们定义类名，下列哪个是错误的？（B）
A、EmployeeB、3GC、helloworldD、Hello$World
3.在Java中，整型int存储的字节长度为（C）
A、1B、2C、4D、8
C、interface C extends X,Y,Z {void aMethod();}
D、interface C extends X {protected void aMethod();}
14.以下关于继承的叙述正确的是（A）。
A、在Java中类只允许单一继承
B、在Java中一个类只能实现一个接口
A、class中的constructor不可省略。
B、constructor必须与class同名，但方法不能与class同名。
C、constructor在一个对象被new时执行。
D、一个class只能定义一个constructor。
21.下面哪个流类属于面向字符的输入流( D )。
A、BufferedWriter
D、以上都是。
29.在Java Applet程序用户自定义的Applet子类中，一般需要重载父类的( D )方法来完成一些画图操作。
统计学试题及答案
一、名词解释1。
总体(population）2。
样本(sample）3。
同质(homogeneity）4。
变异(variation)5。
参数(parameter)6。
统计量（statistic)7.抽样误差(sampling error)8。
概率(probability)二、最佳选择题1. 若以舒张期血压≥90mmHg为高血压，调查某地100人，其中有36名高血压患者，此资料为（ B )A。
计量资料B。
计数资料C。
等级资料D。
以上都不是2。
参数（ D ）A.由样本数据计算得到的统计指标B.无法由样本信息推测C。
任何情况，都无法计算 D.反映总体统计特征的量值3。
资料类型转换（A ）A。
计量资料可以转换为计数资料B。
计量资料不可以转换为等级资料C。
等级资料可以转换为计量资料 D.资料类型不可以互相转换4. 属于计量资料的是（ D ）A。
血型B。
病情程度C。
职业 D.细胞计数5。
通过样本信息推断总体特征,要求样本（D ）A。
总体中的一部分B。
总体外的一部分C。
总体中随意部分 D.总体中的随机部分二、是非题1.所谓“随机”就是“随意”或“随便”的意思. ( ×)2.样本是从总体中随机抽取的一部分观察对象。
（√ ）3。
统计学中的变异是指研究对象有异常。
( ×）4.小概率事件是指某随机事件发生概率小于等于0。
05的事件。
（×）5.同质的观测值之间无差异。
（×）参考答案一、名词解释（略）二、最佳选择题1。
B 2。
D 3.A 4。
D 5.D三、是非题1。
×2。
√ 3.× 4。
× 5.×一、名词解释1.均数(arithmetic mean）2.几何均数（geometric mean）3。
中位数（median)4。
百分位数(percentile）5.四分位数间距（quartile range)6。
方差（variance）7。
变异系数（coefficient of variation)8.标准差(standard deviation)9。
郑州大学《面向对象程序设计》1-12章在线测试题库
《面向对象程序设计》第02章在线测剩余时间：59:56试答题须知:1、本卷满分20分.2、答完题后，请一定要单击下面的“交卷”按钮交卷，否则无法记录本试卷的成绩。
3、在交卷之前，不要刷新本网页,否则你的答题结果将会被清空。
第一题、单项选择题（每题1分，5道题共5分）1、在关键字public后面定义的成员为类的（）成员。
A、私有B、公用C、保护D、任何2、当一个类对象结束它的生存期的时侯，系统自动调用该类的（ )。
A、无参构造函数B、带参构造函数C、拷贝构造函数D、析构函数3、类的构造函数被自动调用执行的情况是在定义该类的 ( ）A、成员函数时B、数据成员时C、对象时D、友元函数时4、假定AB为一个类，则执行“AB *p＝new AB(1，2）;”语句时共调用该类构造函数的次数为（ )。
A、0B、1C、2D、35、假定AB为一个类，px为指向该类的一个含有n个对象的动态数组的指针，则执行“deleｔe []px;"语句时共调用该类析构函数的次数为( )。
A、0B、1C、nD、n+1第二题、多项选择题(每题2分,5道题共10分）1、下面有关类说法正确的是（A，B,D ）A、一个类可以有多个构造函数B、一个类只有一个析构函数C、析构函数需要指定参数D、在一个类中可以说明具有类类型的数据成员2、关于封装，下列说法中正确的是（）。
A、通过封装,对象的全部属性和操作结合在一起，形成一个整体B、通过封装，一个对象的实现细节被尽可能地隐藏起来（不可见）C、通过封装，每个对象都成为相对独立的实体D、通过封装，对象的属性都是不可见的3、定义析构函数时，错误的说法是（）。
A、其名与类名完全相同B、返回类型是 void 类型C、无形参,也不可重载D、函数体中必须有 deleｔe 语句4、假定AA为一个类，a为该类私有的数据成员，GetValue（)为该类公有函数成员，它返回a的值，x为该类的一个对象，则访问x对象中数据成员a的语句错误的是（)。
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云南财经大学《计量经济学》课程期末考试卷（一）一、单项选择题（每小题1分，共20分） 1、计量经济模型是指【 】A 、 投入产出模型B 、数学规划模型C 、包含随机方程的经济数学模型D 、 模糊数学模型 2、计量经济模型的基本应用领域有【 】 A 、结构分析 、经济预测、政策评价 B 、弹性分析、乘数分析、政策模拟C 、消费需求分析、生产技术分析、市场均衡分析D 、季度分析、年度分析、中长期分析 3、以下模型中正确的是【 】A 、 e 87X .022.1Yˆ++= B 、μ++=99X .034.12Y C 、 e 99X .034.12Y ++= D 、e X Y 10++=ββ4、产量x （台）与单位产品成本y （元/台）之间的回归方程为yˆ＝356－，这说明【 】A 、产量每增加一台，单位产品成本增加356元B 、 产量每增加一台，单位产品成本减少元C 、产量每增加一台，单位产品成本平均增加356元D 、产量每增加一台，单位产品成本平均减少元5、以y 表示实际观测值，yˆ表示回归估计值，则用普通最小二乘法得到的样本回归直线ii x y 10ˆˆˆββ+=满足【 】 A 、)ˆ(i i yy -∑＝0 B 、 2)ˆ(y y i -∑＝0 C 、 2)ˆ(i i yy -∑＝0 D 、2)(y y i -∑＝0 6、以下关于用经济计量模型进行预测出现误差的原因，正确的说法是【 】 A 、只有随机因素??? B 、只有系统因素 C 、既有随机因素，又有系统因素? D 、 A 、B 、C 都不对7、下列模型中拟合优度最高的是【 】A 、 n=25,k=4,2R =B 、n=10,k=3,2R =C 、n=15,k=2,2R =D 、n=20,k=5,94.0R 2= 8、下列模型不是线性回归模型的是：【 】A 、)/1(21i i XB B Y += B 、 i i i u LnX B B Y ++=21C 、i i i u X B B LnY ++=21D 、 i i i u LnX B B LnY ++=21 9、以下检验异方差的方法中最具一般性是【 】A 、Park 检验B 、 戈里瑟检验C 、Goldfeld —Quandt 检验D 、White 检验10、当模型的随机误差项出现序列相关时，【 】不宜用于模型的参数估计 A 、 OLS B 、 GLS C 、 一阶差分法 D 、 广义差分法11、已知在D —W 检验中，d=，k ’=6，n=26，显着水平α=5%，相应的L d =，U d =，可由此判断【 】A 、存在一阶正的自相关B 、 存在一阶负的自相关C 、序列无关D 、 无法确定12、在多元线性回归模型中，若某个解释变量对其余解释变量的判定系数接近于1，则表明模型中存在【 】A 、 多重共线性?B 、异方差性??C 、序列相关 ?D 、高拟合优度13、在出现严重的多重共线性时，下面的哪个说法是错误的【 】A 、 估计量非有效B 、估计量的经济意义不合理C 、 估计量不能通过 t 检验D 、模型的预测功能失效 14、在模型t 2t 21t 10t X X Y μβββ+++=中2t X 是随机解释变量，下面不属于随机解释变量问题的是【 】A 、t ,s 0),X (Cov s t 2对任意=μB 、0),X (Cov t t 2≠μC 、t s ,0),X Cov 0),X (Cov s t 2t t 2≠≠=μμ（但D 、0),X (Cov t 1t =μ15、以下模型中βα,均可以被理解成弹性的是【 】 A 、 μβα++=X Y B 、 μαβX Y = C 、 μβαL AK Y = D 、 )L,K (Min Y βα=16、以加法的方式引进虚拟变量，将会改变【 】A 、 模型的截距B 、 模型的斜率C 、 同时改变截距和斜率D 、误差项 17、将内生变量的前期值作解释变量，这样的变量称为【 】A 、 虚拟变量B 、 控制变量C 、 政策变量D 、滞后变量 18、在具体的模型中，被认为具有一定概率分布的随机变量是【 】 A 、内生变量 B 、 外生变量 C 、虚拟变量 D 、前定变量19、在一个结构式模型中，假如有n 个结构式方程需要识别，其中r 个是过度识别，s 个是恰好识别，t 个是不可识别。
r>s>t ，r+s+t=n ，则联立方程模型是【 】A 、过渡识别B 、 恰好识别C 、 不可识别D 、部分不可识别 20、下列生产函数中，要素的替代弹性为0的是【 】A 、线性生产函数B 、 投入产出生产函数C 、 C —D 生产函数 D 、CES 生产函数二、多选题（每题有2～5个正确答案，多选、少选和错选均不得分；每题1分，共5分）1、一个模型用于预测前必须经过的检验有【 】A 、 经济检验B 、统计检验C 、 计量经济学检验D 、预测检验E 、实践检验2、由回归直线t t x y 10ˆˆˆββ+=估计出来的t y ˆ值【 】 A 、是一组估计值 B 、 是一组平均值 C 、是一个几何级数 D 、可能等于实际值 E 、与实际值y 的离差和等于零3、模型存在异方差性没被注意而继续使用OLS 估计参数将导致【 】 A 、 估计量有偏和非一致 B 、 估计量非有效 C 、 估计量的方差的估计量有偏 D 、 假设检验失效 E 、 预测区间变宽4、多重共线性的解决方法主要有【 】A 、去掉次要的或可替代的解释变量B 、利用先验信息改变参数的约束形式C 、 变换模型的形式D 、 综合使用时序数据与截面数据E 、 逐步回归法以及增加样本容量5、估计联立方程模型的单方程方法有【 】A 、 工具变量法B 、 间接最小二乘法C 、 3LSD 、完全信息最大似然法E 、 二阶段最小二乘法三、判断题（正确的写“对”，错误的写“错”每小题1分，共5分）【 】1、最小二乘法只有在模型满足古典假定之下才能使用。
【 】2、在一元线性回归模型中变量显着性检验与方程显着性检验是等价的。
【 】3、可决系数2R 是解释变量数的单调非降函数。
【 】4、方程1t t t 87Y .037X .044.12Y ˆ-++=的Watson Durbin -统计量0041.2W .D =，表明模型不存在序列相关性。
【 】5、和G ranger Engel 获得 2003年诺贝尔经济学奖，理由是在时间序列模型和协整理论上的杰出贡献。
四、名词解释（每小题3分，共12 1、完全共线性 2、先决变量 3、虚假序列相关4、需求函数的零阶齐次性五、简答题（每小题4分，共8分）1、选择工具变量的原则是什么2、虚拟变量的作用是什么设置的原则又是什么 六、计算与分析题（本题共50分）1、调查得到消费额Y （百元）与可支配收入X （百元）的数据如下：要求：（1）估计回归模型：t t t u ++=X Y 10ββ； （2）检验回归系数是否显着（025.0t (5)=）；（3）预测收入为25百元时的消费。
（本题满分22分）2、搜集25户居民的可支配收入I 、家庭财产A 与消费支出CM 间的数据。
以下是Eviews 的估计结果：Dependent Variable: CM Method: Least Squares Date: 12/20/07 Time: 22:50 Sample: 1 25Included observations: 25VariableCoefficien t Std. Error t-StatisticProb.C I AR-squaredMean dependent var Adjusted R-squared . dependent var . of regression Akaike info criterionSum squared resid Schwarz criterion Log likelihood F-statistic Durbin-Watson statProb(F-statistic)要求： （1）写出回归方程；（2）写出调整的可决系数；（3）对变量进行显着性检验（)001.0=α。
（本题满分7分）3、依据能源消费量EQ 与能源价格P 之间的20组数据，以OLS 估计EQ 关于P 的线性回归，计算残差序列。
然后以残差的绝对值为被解释变量，价格为解释变量建立先行回归，结果如下：Dependent Variable: E Method: Least Squares Date: 12/20/07 Time: 23:31 Sample: 1 20Included observations: 20VariableCoefficien t Std. Error t-StatisticProb.C PR-squaredMean dependent var Adjusted R-squared . dependent var . of regression Akaike info criterionSum squared resid Schwarz criterion Log likelihood F-statistic Durbin-Watson statProb(F-statistic)据此可否认为模型存在异方差性（)05.0=α，异方差的形式是什么如何解决（本题满分7分） 4、有均衡价格模型：⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=++=+++=s d 210S1210d Q Q P Q P Y Q μββμααα其中Y 为消费者收入，是外生变量。
对模型进行识别。
（本题满分7分） 5、 已知C —D 生产函数为：Y=45.084.022.1L K 。
相应的产出、资本和劳动的平均增长速度分别为：%、%、%，求年技术进步速度以及技术进步 对增长的贡献。
（本题满分7分）。