12月答案
12月安全考试答案
常减压车间12月安全考试题姓名：成绩：一、选择题（每题4分）1. 断路作业单位应根据需要在断路的路口和相关道路上设置（ b ），在作业区附近设置路栏、道路作业警示灯、导向标等交通警示设施。
A. 路障B. 交通警示标志C. 标语D. 告知牌2. 动土作业应设专人监护。
挖掘坑、槽、井、沟等作业，下列说法正确的是（ a ）：A. 作业过程中应对坑、槽、井、沟边坡或固壁支撑架随时检查；B. 可以根据实际情况在坑、槽、井、沟内休息；C. 使用的材料、挖出的泥土应堆放在距坑、槽、井、沟边沿至少0.5 m处；D. 可以根据实际需要在坑、槽、井、沟上端边沿站立、行走。
3. 动土作业人员在沟（槽、坑）下作业应按规定坡度顺序进行，二人以上作业人员同时挖土时应相距（ b ）m以上，防止工具伤人。
A. 1mB. 2mC. 3mD. 4m4. 临时用电时间一般不超过（ c ）天，特殊情况不应超过一个月。
A. 5B. 10C. 15D. 205. 触电事故中，绝大部分是（ d ）导致人身伤亡的。
A. 人体接受电流遭到电击B. 烧伤C. 电休克D. 施救不及时6. 在开关上接引、拆除临时用电线路时，其上级开关应断电上锁并加挂如下哪种标示牌（ c ）?A. 正在工作B. 止步，高压危险C. 禁止合闸，有人工作D. 小心触电7. 当起重作业人员利用两台或多台起重机械吊运同一重物时应保持同步，各台起重机械所承受的载荷不应超过各自额定起重能力的（ c ）A. 60%B. 70%C. 80％D. 90%8. 下列选项中叙述错误的是（ D ）。
A. 动火作业前，应清除动火现场及周围的易燃物品；B. 动火作业前，应办理动火作业证、按要求进行动火分析；C. 动火作业前，应采取有效安全防火措施、配备满足需求的消防器材；D. 动火作业前，应清理现场，确认无残留火种。
9. 根据GB 30871规定，高处作业分为四个等级,当作业高度在30m以上时，为（ d ）级高处作业。
2022-2023学年高二上学期12月月考语文试题及答案
2022-2023学年高二上学期12月月考语文试题及答案高二语文全卷满分150分，考试时间150分钟。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，17分）阅读下面的文字，完成1—5题。
材料一：山水之趣，是在物我双观视角下对山水的感知、理解和表达。
看山不是山，看水不是水，超越了有形的山水；看山还是山，看水还是水，是借助山水建构起有意味的审美范式，表达超脱于有形山水和无形山水的艺术形态。
王维的诗中有画，画中有诗，在于能够对山水景致进行艺术想象，将其中最有趣味、最有美感的景物组合起来，形成超越客观山水之长的情思意味。
他在《山水论》中描述了雨后、早晨、傍晚、春、夏、秋、冬不同时间下山水色彩的差异，用红日、蓝天、绿水、白云、青山等展现了山水中特有的美感，确立了诗歌和绘画中山水审美的范式，推动了山水审美的艺术化。
艺术审美，需要有一双能够滤汰原始物象的眼睛，将看似杂乱无章的远近、高低、大小、长短、粗细等物象组织起来，使之能够和谐共生，形成协调统一、自如自得的审美观感。
北宋画家郭熙在《林泉高致》言水色春绿、夏碧、秋青、冬黑，言天色春晃、夏碧、秋净、冬黯，是从艺术物象的视角观察山水的趣味；又言云气春融怡、夏猗郁、秋疏薄、冬黯淡，烟岚则春山澹冶而如笑，夏山苍翠而如滴，秋山明净而如妆，冬山惨淡而如睡，是从意境的角度理解山水间气韵的流动和情调的变化。
这些源自观察并经过艺术提纯后的山水审美，使得山水不再只是自然的客体，更是融合着艺术想象的审美范式。
元代画家黄公望汲取董源、巨然的用墨技法，所绘画面水墨纷披，苍率潇洒。
其晚年所绘的《富春山居图》，境界辽远开阔，雄秀苍莽，简洁清润，尺幅千里。
山峰的用墨或浓或淡，都以干枯的笔触勾皴，远山、河渚用淡墨抹出，笔痕隐约可见，独具匠心。
水纹先用浓墨枯笔勾勒，稍加淡墨复染，氤氲成趣。
树木的枝干多用浓墨写出，树叶点染而成，或横，或竖，或斜，或直，干湿相兼，放眼望去，生机苍郁。
这幅作品最能代表宋元山水审美的境界。
江苏省扬州中学2022-2023学年高二上学期12月月考地理答案
江苏省扬州中学2022―2023年度第一学期12月检测卷高二地理2022.12.11注意事项：考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求。
1．本试卷共10页，包含选择题和综合题两部分。
本次考试时间为75分钟，满分100分。
考试结束后，请将答题卡交给监考老师。
2．答题前，请您务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的0．5毫米签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡上。
3．作答选择题必须用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。
作答综合题，请您用黑色字迹的0．5毫米签字笔将答案写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。
4．如有作图需要，可用2B 铅笔作答，并请加黑加粗，描写清楚。
一．单项选择题：在下列各小题的四个选项中，只有一个选项最符合题目的要求。
请在答题卡上将所选答案的字母代号涂黑（22小题，每小题2分，共44分）。
我国某校地理兴趣小组于某日北京时间12：30在学校附近拍下了一张“白墙树影”的照片，此时树干影子刚好与东西向白墙垂直。
1小时后该小组再次来到此地进行第二次观察。
据此完成1-2题。
公众号高中僧试题下载 1．该学校最可能位于 A ．哈尔滨B ．北京C ．西宁D ．太原2．该小组发现，第二次观察到的墙面树影较第一次的 A ．东移且变短 B ．西移且变短C ．西移且变长D ．东移且变长三角洲是陆海相互作用的关键地带。
图2示意珠江三角洲形成前河口地带同一剖面演化的四个阶段。
读图回答3-5题。
3. 距今7万年时，该剖面海相沉积物部分缺失的原因是A. 岩层断裂下陷B. 向斜槽部凹陷C. 河流侵蚀D. 冰川侵蚀 4. 距今1万年至距今0.9万年期间，珠江河口移动方向是A. 总体向海B. 总体向陆C. 先向海后向陆D. 先向陆后向海 5. 四个阶段中，该河口地带最可能A. 地壳抬升B. 降水量增加C. 盐度下降D. 海水沉积图1图2太行山脉是我国黄土高原和华北平原的地理分界线，其山麓焚风（过山气流在背风坡下沉增温形成的一种干热地方性风）较强，焚风往往以阵风形式出现，从山上沿山坡向下吹。
12月四级真题答案
12月四级真题答案说到英语四六级，许多人脱口而出的复习技巧就是肯定要刷真题，历年真题试卷也是大家历年备考的一个重要部分，下面是我整理的关于12月四级真题答案的内容，仅供参考，欢迎阅读借鉴!2023年12月四级第2套真题参考答案(完整版)Part Ⅰ WritingThe Challenges of Studying Abroad①As is universally acknowledged, it is by no means easy to study abroad ② since youcould come across a list of unexpected difficulties and setbacks which you cannotimagine before going abroad.③First of all, the top challenge is the culture shock, which means you may not adapt tothe exotic life during the first few days or even months. ④ secondly, the languagebarrier could be a nightmare for many foreign students who possess poor mastery ofthe official language of the country where they study.⑤ Last but not least, you could beoverwhelmed by the academic requirements if you are not well prepared. Long lists ofreference books, numerous projects, papers and professors with varying personalitiescould wear you out.⑥ Despite all these terrifying challenges, you will finally manage to come through thisdark age with your hard work, persistence and endurance. And then a bright futurewill await you.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension1. A2. C3. B4. D5. D6. B7. C8. D9. A10. C11. A12. B13. D14. C15. B16. B17. A18. B19. D20. A21. C22. A23. B24. C25. DPart III Reading Comprehension26-35：NBFLC EMKGA36-45：GMFCE DAHKB46-55：ADCAB CDACBPart IV TranslationIt is a fact that more and more Chinese can hardly live without their mobile phonesnowadays. Many of them, including senior citizens, use mobile apps to keep in touchwith others and expand their circles of friends. They also use mobile phones to shoponline and search for information because they are portable. Whats more, communication through mobile apps costs less than traditional phone calls. However, this new trendresults in the over-reliance on mobile phones when people aresocializing. As a matter of fact, some young people have become so addicted to mobilephones that they have neglected the face-to-face communication with their family andfriends.英语四级必背（句子）It is more blessed to give than to receive. 施恩比受惠更有福。
2024届河南省青桐鸣联考高三上学期12月月考化学试题及答案
2024届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试青桐鸣大联考(高三化学)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
4.全卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H：1 N：14 O：16 S：32 Cl：35.5 Fe：56 Bi：209一、选择题：本题共14小题，每小题3分，共42分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1. 废物改头换面，服务日常生活。
下列说法正确的是A. 钢管表面镀锌可起到防腐的作用，镀锌层破损后，钢管腐蚀速率加快B. 生产豆奶产生的豆渣可加工成面粉和饼干，豆渣中含有的纤维素与淀粉互为同分异构体C. 废弃玻璃磨粉可代替砂子掺入混凝土建造房子，玻璃的生产原料为纯碱、石灰石和石英砂D. 废旧轮胎制成的橡胶粉可掺入沥青中铺路，橡胶均属于天然有机高分子化合物2. 芳香族化合物a、b、c是有机合成的基础原料，下列有关说法错误的是A. a、b均能与NaOH溶液反应B. a、c均能与b发生酯化反应C. b的芳香族同分异构体有3种D. 基态碳原子与氧原子核外未成对电子数相等3. 下列关于化学实验的基本操作正确的是A ．制备纯净的()2Fe OH B ．收集氨气并进行尾气处理C ．量取稀硫酸并排除滴定管中气泡D ．用该装置进行喷泉实验A. AB. BC. CD. D4. 设A N 为阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法正确的是A. 46 g 2NO 和24N O 的混合气体中所含原子数目为4.5AN B. 乙酸和乙醇发生酯化反应生成1 mol 2H O 时，生成C—O 键的数目为A N C. 56 g Fe 与71 g 2Cl 完全反应，转移电子数目为3A N D. 1 mol/L 23Na CO 溶液中含有+的数目为2A N 5. 下列离子方程式错误的是A. 用过量氨水吸收少量2SO 气体：2232432SO 2NH H O 2NH SO H O +-+⋅=++B. 用3FeCl 溶液腐蚀覆铜板：3222Fe Cu 2Fe Cu ++++=+C. NaClO 溶液中通入少量2SO 气体：2224ClO SO H O Cl SO 2H---+++=++D. 向硫酸酸化的4KMnO 溶液中滴加少量双氧水：2422222MnO 6H 5H O 2Mn 5O 8H O-++++=+↑+6. 通过对已知物质的性质和实验的描述进行类比推测，得出的相应结论正确的是选项已知物质的性质和实验类比推测ACuSO4溶液和过量NaOH 溶液反应生成蓝色沉淀CuSO 4溶液和过量NH 3·H 2O 反应也生成蓝色沉淀的BNaHCO 3溶液与Al 2(SO 4)3溶液反应有沉淀和气体产生NaHCO 3溶液与Fe 2(SO 4)3溶液反应也有沉淀和气体产生C 向Na 2CO 3固体中加入少量水，伴随放热现象向NaHCO 3固体中加入少量水，也伴随放热现象D 少量CO 2通入Ba(OH)2溶液中产生白色沉淀少量CO 2通入BaCl 2溶液中也产生白色沉淀A. AB. BC. CD. D7. 有机物M 和N 是合成药物的中间体，在一定条件下M 可以转化为N ，其过程如图所示，下列说法错误的是A. 该反应类型为消去反应B. 可用金属Na 鉴别M 和NC. M 的分子式为9143C H O D. N 可使酸性4KMnO 溶液褪色8. 某兴趣小组以铝土矿(主要成分为23Al O ，还含有少量23Fe O 和2SiO )为主要原料制备絮凝剂聚合氯化铝()2mAlOH Cl b a ⎡⎤⎣⎦和金属铝的流程如图所示。
2022-2023学年湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高二上册学期12月月考数学试题【含答案】
2022-2023学年湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高二上学期12月月考数学试题一、单选题1．如图，在平行六面体中，是与的交点，若，1111ABCD A B C D -M 11A C 11B D AB a=，，且，则等于（ ）AD b = 1AA c =MB xa yb zc =++ x y z ++A ．B ．C ．D ．112-01-【答案】D【分析】以为一组基底可表示出，从而求得的值，进而得到结果.{},,a b cMB ,,x y z 【详解】()1111111111222MB MB B B D B AA DB AA AB AD AA =+=-=-=--，111112222AB AD AA a b c =--=--，，，.12x ∴=12y =-1z =-1x y z ∴++=-故选：D.2．已知向量共面，则实数的值是（ ）()()()2,1,3,1,3,2,1,,1a b c t =-=-=-t A ．1B ．C ．2D ．1-2-【答案】C【分析】根据空间共面向量定理，结合已知向量的坐标，待定系数，求解即可.【详解】因为共面，所以存在，使得，,,a b c ,x y ∈R c xa yb =+整理得，解得.()()1,,12,3,32t x y x y x y -=--++1,1,2x y t =-==故选：C.3．已知的三个顶点分别为，，，则边上的中线长为ABC ()5,3,2A ()1,1,3B -()1,3,5C --BC（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．【答案】B【分析】求得的中点坐标，利用两点间的距离公式即可求得答案.BC 【详解】由题意，，，可得的中点坐标为，()5,3,2A ()1,1,3B -()1,3,5C --BC ()0,2,4D -所以边上的中线长为，BC AD ==故选：B.4．已知椭圆：的左、右焦点分别为，，过的直线交椭圆C 于A ，B 两点，若C 2212x y +=1F 2F 2F l的方程是（ ）1ABF l A ．或B ．或1133y x =-1133y x =-33y x =-33y x =-C ．或D ．或1122y x =-1122y x =-22y x =-22y x=-【答案】D【分析】由内切圆的周长可以求出内切圆的半径，结合椭圆定义，可以求出的面积，1ABF 1ABF 设直线的方程为，与椭圆方程联立，可以将的面积以表示，以面积建立l 1x my =+1ABF m 1ABF 方程，即可解出，求出直线的方程.m l 【详解】设内切圆的圆心为，半径为，1ABF M r，∴，2πr=r =111ABF MAB MAF MBF S S S S =++ 11111222AB r AF r BF r =++()1112AB AF BF r =++由椭圆的定义知，114AB AF BF a ++==∴1ABF S = ()1112AB AF BF r =++12=⨯=∵由已知，，，()11,0F -()21,0F 易知直线的斜率不为，∴设直线的方程为：，l 0l 1x my =+，消去，化简，得，22121x y x my ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=+⎩x ，()222210my my ++-=，()222442880m m m ∆=++=+>设，，()11,A x y ()22,B x y 则，，12222my y m +=-+122102y y m =-<+112121211221122ABF AFF BF F S S S F F y F F y =+=+ 121212=-F F y y122=⨯===解得，∴，214m =12m =±∴直线的方程为：，即或.l 112x y =±+22y x =-22y x =-故选：D.【点睛】本题解题关键在的面积，以两种形式将三角形表示出来，即可求出直线方程.1ABF 1ABF 5．已知抛物线的焦点为F ，点M 在抛物线C 的准线l 上，线段与y 轴交于2:2(0)C y px p =>MF 点A ，与抛物线C 交于点B ，若，则（ ）||3||3MA AB ==p =A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．4【答案】C【分析】由题知点A 为的中点，结合已知得，过点B 作，由MF ||6,||2,||4MF BF BM ===BQ l ⊥抛物线的定义即可求解.【详解】设l 与x 轴的交点为H ，由O 为中点，知点A 为的中点，FH MF 因为，所以．||3||3MA AB ==||6,||2,||4MF BF BM ===过点B 作，垂足为Q ，则由抛物线的定义可知，BQ l ⊥||||2BQ BF ==所以，则，所以．||2||BM BQ =||2||6MF FH ==||3p FH ==故选：C6．已知为抛物线的焦点，点在抛物线上，为的重心，则F 2y x =,,A B C F ABC （ ）AF BF CF ++=A ．B ．C ．D ．121322【答案】C【分析】由抛物线方程确定焦点坐标，根据抛物线焦半径公式和重心的坐标表示可直接求得结果.F 【详解】由抛物线方程知：；1,04F ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭设，，，()11,A x y ()22,B x y ()33,C x y 则；()12312311134444AF BF CF x x x x x x ++=+++++=+++为的重心，，则，F ABC 123134x x x ++∴=12334x x x ++=.333442AF BF CF ∴++=+=故选：C.7．已知直线上动点，过点向圆引切线，则切线长的最小值是（ ）:40l x y +-=P P 221x y +=A B C ．D ．1-【答案】A【分析】根据切线长，半径以及圆心到点的距离的关系，求得圆心到直线的距离，再求切线长距P 离的最小值即可.【详解】圆，其圆心为，半径，则到直线的距离221x y +=()0,0O 1r =O l d==设切线长为，则，若最小，则取得最小值，显然最小值为m 22211m OP OP =-=-mOP d =故m ==故选：A.8．在正三角形中，为中点，为三角形内一动点，且满足，则最小值ABC M BC P2PA PM =PAPB为（ ）A ．BCD 1【答案】D【分析】以为坐标原点建立平面直角坐标系，设边长为，由向量坐标运算可表示出点M ABC 2P 轨迹，利用两点间距离公式可得；当时，可求得；当222241PA PM PB PB=12x =-2PAPB =时，令的几何意义，利用直线与圆的位置关系可求得的范围，进而得到12x ≠-t =t t 最小值；综合两种情况可得结果.【详解】以为坐标原点，正方向为轴，可建立如图所示平面直角坐标系，M ,MC MA,x y 不妨设正三角形的边长为，则，，，ABC 2(A ()0,0M ()1,0B -设，则，，(),P xy (222PA x y =+222PMx y =+，，2PA PM = 224PA PM ∴=，即；(222244x y xy∴+=+2210x y y +-=点轨迹为：，P∴()22403x y y ⎛+=> ⎝；()()()222222222222224444212111x y x y PA PM x PB PB x y x x y x y ++=====++++++++1=当时，，；12x =-224PA PB =2PA PB ∴=当时，令，则表示与连线的斜率，12x≠-t =t (),P x y 12⎛- ⎝设直线与圆相切，12y k x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭2243x y ⎛+=⎝则圆心到直线距离，解得：d k =k =，),t ⎛∴∈-∞+∞ ⎝ 则当取得最小值，t =22PA PB 34min PA PB ⎛⎫∴= ⎪⎝⎭综上所述：.PAPB 故选：D.二、多选题9．已知圆：，直线：，点在直线上运动，直线，分别与M ()2222x y ++=l 20x y +-=P l PA PB 圆相切于点.则下列说法正确的是（ ）M ,A B A ．四边形的面积的最小值为PAMBB ．最小时，弦PA AB C ．最小时，弦所在直线方程为PAAB 10x y +-=D ．直线过定点AB 31,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭【答案】AD 【分析】利用AB ；设，，1222PAM S S PA r ==⨯⋅= ()11,A x y ()22,B x y ，利用两条切线方程联立得到直线关于的方程，求出最小时点坐标代入00(,)P x y AB 00(,)P xy PAP即可判断C ；由含参直线方程过定点的求法计算D 即可.【详解】由圆的方程知：圆心，半径()2,0M-r =对于AB ，四边形的面积PAMB 1222PAM S S PA r ==⨯⋅=则当最小时，四边形的面积最小，PAPAMB 点到直线的距离，所以，Ml dmin PA ==此时A 正确；min S =又，所以此时，B错误；111222PAMS PA r PM AB =⋅=⋅ =对于C ，设，，，()11,A x y ()22,B x y 00(,)P x y 则过作圆的切线，切线方程为：，A ()()11222x x y y +++=过作圆的切线，切线方程为：，B ()()22222x x y y +++=又为两切线交点，所以，P 10102020(2)(2)2(2)(2)2x x y y x x y y +++=⎧⎨+++=⎩则两点坐标满足方程：，,A B ()()00222x x y y +++=即方程为：；AB ()()00222x x y y +++=当最小时，，所以直线方程为：，PAPM l ⊥PM 2y x =+由得，即，220y x x y =+⎧⎨+-=⎩02x y =⎧⎨=⎩()0,2P所以方程为：，即，C 错误AB ()2222x y ++=10x y ++=对于D ，由C 知：方程为：；AB ()()00222x x y y +++=又，即，0020x y +-=002y x =-所以方程可整理为：，AB ()022220x y x x y -++++=由得，所以过定点，D 正确.202220x y x y -+=⎧⎨++=⎩3212x y ⎧=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩AB 31,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭故选：AD 10．已知正方体，棱长为1，分别为棱的中点，则（ ）1111ABCD A B C D -,E F 1,AB CC A ．直线与直线共面B ．1AD EF 1A E AF⊥C ．直线与直线的所成角为D ．三棱锥的体积为1A E BF 60︒1C ADF -112【答案】BD【分析】如图，以为原点，以所在直线分别为建立空间直角坐标系，对于A ，D 1,,DA DC DD ,,x y z 利用面面平行性质结合平行公理分析判断，对于B ，通过计算进行判断，对于C ，利用向1A E AF⋅量的夹角公式求解，对于D ，利用求解.11C ADF A C DFV V --=【详解】如图，以为原点，以所在直线分别为建立空间直角坐标系，则D 1,,DA DC DD ,,x y z ，，(0,0,0),(1,0,0),(1,1,0),(0,1,0)D A B C 1111(0,0,1),(1,0,1),(1,1,1),(0,1,1)D A B C ，111,,0,0,1,22E F ⎛⎫⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭对于A ，假设直线与直线共面，因为平面∥平面，平面平面1AD EF 11ABB A 11DCC D 1AEFD ，平面平面，11ABB A AE =11DCC D 111ABB A D F =所以∥，AE 1D F 因为∥，所以∥，矛盾，所以直线与直线不共面，所以A 错误；AE 11C D 11C D 1D F 1AD EF 对于B ，因为，11101,1,1,22A E AF ⎛⎫⎛⎫=-=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ ，，所以，所以，所以，所以B 正确，1110022A E AF ⋅=+-= 1A E AF ⊥ 1A E AF ⊥对于C ，设直线与直线的所成角为，因为，1A E BF θ11101,1,0,22A E BF ⎛⎫⎛⎫=-=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ ，，所以，121cos cos ,52A E θ==≠ 所以，所以C 错误，60θ≠︒对于D ，因为平面，AD ⊥11DCC D 所以，所以D 正确，1111111111332212C ADF A C DF C DF V V S AD --==⋅=⨯⨯⨯⨯=故选：BD.11．如图，正方体的棱长为2，E 是的中点，则（ ）1111ABCD A B C D -1DDA ．11B C BD ⊥B ．点E 到直线的距离为1BC C ．直线与平面所成的角的正弦值为1B E 11B C C 23D ．点到平面的距离为1C 1B CE 23【答案】AC【分析】以点为原点，建立空间直角坐标系，利用向量法逐一判断分析各个选项即可.A 【详解】如图以点为原点，建立空间直角坐标系，A 则，()()()()()()1112,0,0,2,2,0,0,2,1,2,0,2,0,2,2,2,2,2B C E B D C ，()()110,2,2,2,2,2B C BD =-=-则，所以，故A 正确；110440B C BD ⋅=+-=11B C BD ⊥，则()12,2,1B E =--111111cos ,B E BC B E B C B E B C ⋅===所以，1sin CB E ∠=所以点E 到直线的距离为B 错误；1B C 11sin B E CB E ∠=因为平面，所以即为平面的一条法向量，11C D ⊥11B C C ()112,0,0D C =11B C C 则直线与平面所成的角的正弦值为，故C 正确；1B E 11B C C 11111111142cos ,233D C BE D C B E D C B E ⋅===⨯ ()10,0,2CC =设平面的法向量为，1B CE (),,n x y z =则有，可取，11220220n B C y z n B E x y z ⎧⋅=-=⎪⎨⋅=-+-=⎪⎩()1,2,2n =则点到平面的距离为，故D 错误.1C 1BCE 143CC n n⋅=故选：AC.12．已知点F 为椭圆C ：，的左焦点，过原点O 的直线l 交椭圆于P ，Q 两22221x y a b +=()0a b >>点，点M 是椭圆上异于P ，Q 的一点，直线MP ，MQ 的斜率分别为，，椭圆的离心率为e ，1k 2k 若，，则（ ）2PF QF=23PFQ π∠=A ．B ．C ．D．e =e =12916k k =-1223k k =-【答案】BD【分析】设出右焦点，根据椭圆定义结合对称性以及余弦定理得到关系，则离心率可求，设F ',a c 出坐标，利用点差法可求得的表示，结合关系可求解出的值.,P M 12k k ⋅,a c 12k k 【详解】连接，根据椭圆对称性可知四边形为平行四边形，则，且由PF QF ''，PFQF '||QF PF='，可得,120PFQ ︒∠=60FPF '︒∠=所以,则.||32PF PF PF a''+==24,||33PF a PF a '==由余弦定理可得，22222164421(2)||2||cos 60299332c PF PF PF PF a a a a ''︒=+-⋅=+-⨯⋅⋅化简得，故，所以2213c a =213e =e =设，则，()()0011,,,M x y P x y ()010111120101,y y y y Q x y k k x x x x -+--==-+，，所以，又，相减可得因为，220101011222010101y y y y y y k k x x x x x x -+-=⋅=-+-22220011222211x y x y a b a b +=+=，2220122201y y b x x a -=--2213c a =所以，，所以.22213a b a -=2223a b ∴=1223k k =-故选：BD.【点睛】解答本题的关键在于合理运用焦点三角形的知识以及点差法设而不求的思想去计算；椭圆是一个对称图形，任何过原点的直线(不与焦点所在轴重合)与椭圆相交于两点，这两点与椭圆的焦点构成的四边形为平行四边形.三、填空题13．已知抛物线，直线与抛物线交于，两点，与圆：2:8M x y =:2l y kx =+A D 交于，两点（，在第一象限），则的最小值为_______．22:430N x y y +-+=B C A B ||2||AC BD +【答案】9+9【分析】分别在，时，结合抛物线的性质证明，结合图象可得0k =0k ≠111||||2AF DF +=，再利用基本不等式求其最小值.||2||||2||3AC BD AF DF +=++【详解】因为抛物线M 的方程为，28x y =所以抛物线M 的焦点为，准线，(0,2)F =2y -则直线过抛物线的焦点F ，2y kx =+当时，联立与可得，0k =2y =28x y =4x =±所以，则；||||4AF DF ==111||||2AF DF +=当时，如图，0k ≠过作轴于K ，设抛物线的准线交y 轴于E ，A AK y ⊥则，||||||EK EF FK =+||cos ||p AF AFK AF =+∠=得，||1cos pAF AFK =-∠则，11cos ||AFKAF p -∠=同理可得，11cos ||AFK DF p +∠=所以，1121||||2AF DF p +==化圆N ：为，则圆N 的圆心为F ，半径为1，22430x y y +-+=22(2)1x y +-=||2||AC BD +=||12(||1)AF DF +++||2||3AF DF =++2(||2||)AF DF =+113||||AF DF ⎛⎫⨯++ ⎪⎝⎭||2||233||||AF DF DF AF ⎛⎫=+++ ⎪⎝⎭，当且仅当且时等号成立，233⎛≥++⎝9=+||||AF DF =111||||2AF DF +=即，2DF =2AF =+所以的最小值为．||2||AC BD+9+故答案为：9+14．已知曲线C 的方程为，则下列说法中：221+-=x y xy ①曲线C 关于原点中心对称；②曲线C 关于直线对称；y x =-③若动点P 、Q 都在曲线C 上，则线段的最大值为PQ④曲线C 的面积小于3．所有正确的序号是__________________．【分析】对于①②：根据对称理解运算即可判断；对于③④：根据椭圆定义可知曲线C 为椭圆，结合椭圆性质分析即可求解.【详解】对①：∵曲线C 的上任一点关于原点的对称点为，(),A x y (),A x y '--则，即在曲线C 上，()()()()22221x y x y x y xy -+----=+-=A '∴曲线C 关于原点中心对称，①正确；对②：∵曲线C 的上任一点关于直线的对称点为，(),B x y y x =-(),B y x '--则，即在曲线C 上，()()()()22221y x y x x y xy -+----=+-=B '∴曲线C 关于直线对称，②正确；y x =-∵，则，221+-=x y xy ()()2243x y x y -++=∴，即，()24x y +≤22x y -≤+≤又∵，即，221+-=x y xy ()213x y xy +-======，()x y +⎤=⎦，()x y =++⎤⎦则曲线C 的上任一点到的距离之和为：(),P x y ,M N ⎛ ⎝()()x y x y ⎤⎤=⎦⎦++∴曲线C 表示以为焦点且的椭圆，则，,M N a c ==b ==对③：则线段的最大值为③正确；PQ2a =对④：则曲线C 的面积，④错误；3S ab π==>15．已知､分别在直线与直线上，且，点，P Q 1:10l x y -+=2:10l x y --=1PQ l ⊥()4,4A -，则的最小值为___________.()4,0B AP PQ QB++【分析】利用线段的等量关系进行转化，找到最小值即为所求.AP QB+【详解】由直线与作直线垂直于，如图，1l 2l ()4,0B l 1:10l x y -+=则直线的方程为：，将沿着直线个单位到点，有，l 4y x =-+()4,0B l B '()3,1B '连接交直线于点P ，过P 作于Q ，连接BQ ，有，即四边形AB '1l2⊥PQ l //,||||BB PQ BB PQ ''=为平行四边形，BB PQ '则，即有，显然是直线上的点与点距离和的最||||PB BQ '=||AP QB AP PB AB ''+=+=AB '1l ,A B '小值，因此的最小值，即的最小值，而，AP QB+AP PB '+AB '=所以的最小值为AP PQ QB++【点睛】思路点睛：（1）合理的利用假设可以探究取值的范围，严谨的思维是验证的必要过程.（2）转化与划归思想是解决距离最值问题中一种有效的途径.（3）数形结合使得问题更加具体和形象，从而使得方法清晰与明朗.16．在正三棱柱中，，，D ，E 分别为棱，的中点，F 是线段111ABC A B C -2AB =14AA =1AA 11A B 上的一点，且，则点到平面的距离为______．1BC 12FC BF =C DEF【分析】根据题意建立空间直角坐标系，利用向量的数量积运算求出平面的法向量与，再DEF CD利用空间向量法即可求得点到平面的距离.C DEF 【详解】记的中点为，连结，过作，如图，AC O BO O 1//OG AA 根据题意，易知两两垂直，以为原点，为轴，建立空间直角坐标系，,,OB OC OG O ,,OB OC OG ,,x y z则))()()()()111,4,0,1,0,0,1,4,0,1,0,0,1,4,BB C C A A --故，，，()10,1,2,,42D E ⎫--⎪⎪⎭())1,2,0,0,2,2DE DA AB ⎫==-=⎪⎪⎭()14BC =因为，所以，12FC BF =())()10,0,243DF DA AB BF =++=-++42,33⎫=-⎪⎪⎭设平面的一个法向量为，则，即，DEF (),,n x y z = 00DE n DF n ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩120242033x y z y z ++=+-=令，则，故，x =-5,1y z ==()n =-又，()0,2,2CD =-所以点到平面.CDEF..四、解答题17．如图，在三棱柱中，为111ABC A B C -112,AB AC BC AA A C =====1A B =M 的中点，点是上一点，且.11B C N 11C A 113C N NA =(1)求点A 到平面的距离；1A BC (2)求平面与平面所成平面角的余弦值.1BCC AMN【答案】【分析】（1）取的中点，连接，以为原点，分别为轴，为轴，建AC O 1,BO A O O ,OB OC ,x y Oz z 立空间直角坐标系，再利用空间向量法求解即可.（2）利用空间向量法求解即可.【详解】（1）取的中点，连接，如图所示：AC O 1,BO A O因为112,AB AC BC AA A C ====所以，，OB AC ⊥1A O AC ⊥所以.OB ==11A O ==以为原点，分别为轴，为轴，建立空间直角坐标系，O ,OB OC ,x y Oz z ，，，设，()0,1,0A-)B()0,1,0C ()1,0,A x z 则，，11A O==1A B == x =12z =即.112A ⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，，112A B ⎫=-⎪⎭ ()BC =设平面的法向量为，1A BC ()111,,m x y z =则，令，即.111111020m A B z m BC y ⎧⋅=-=⎪⎨⎪⋅=+=⎩1x =113,9y z ==)m =，设点A 到平面的距离为，()0,2,0AC =1A BCd 则AC m d m⋅===（2），，()BC=1112CC AA ⎛⎫== ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭ 设平面的法向量为，1BCC ()222,,x n y z =则，令，解得，2212220102n BC y n CC y z ⎧⋅=+=⎪⎨⋅=++=⎪⎩ 2x =223,3y z ==-即.)3n =-设，则，，()1333,,C x yz 113331,2A C x y z ⎛⎫=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭ ()0,2,0AC= 因为，解得.11A C AC = 112,2C ⎛⎫⎪ ⎪⎝⎭设，则，，()1444,,B x yz 114441,2A B x y z ⎛⎫=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭ )AB = 因为，解得.11A B AB = 112B ⎫⎪⎪⎭因为点为的中点，所以，.M 11B C 310,,22M ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭510,,22AM ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭.()11111111310,2,0,42422AN AA A N AA A C ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+=+=+= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ 设平面的法向量为，AMN ()555,,p x y z =则，令，解得，555553102251022p AN x y z p AM y z ⎧⋅=++=⎪⎪⎨⎪⋅=+=⎪⎩ 51y=555x z ==-即.5p ⎛⎫=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，cos ,n p n p n p⋅===⋅因为平面与平面所成平面角为锐角，1BCC AMN 所以平面与平面1BCC AMN 18．如图，直四棱柱ABCD–A 1B 1C 1D1的底面是菱形，AA1=4，AB =2，∠BAD =60°，E ，M，N 分别是BC ，BB1，A1D 的中点.（1）证明：MN ∥平面C1DE ；（2）求点C 到平面C1DE 的距离．【答案】（1）见解析；（2【分析】（1）利用三角形中位线和可证得，证得四边形为平行四边形，11//A D B C//ME NDMNDE进而证得，根据线面平行判定定理可证得结论；//MN DE （2）根据题意求得三棱锥的体积，再求出的面积，利用求得点C1C CDE -1C DE ∆11C CDE C C DE V V --=到平面的距离，得到结果.1C DE【详解】（1）连接，ME 1B C，分别为，中点 为的中位线M E 1BB BC ME ∴1B BC ∆且1//ME B C ∴112ME B C =又为中点，且 且N 1A D 11//A D B C 1//ND B C ∴112ND B C = 四边形为平行四边形//ME ND ∴∴MNDE ，又平面，平面//MN DE ∴MN ⊄1C DE DE ⊂1C DE平面//MN ∴1C DE（2）在菱形中，为中点，所以，ABCD E BC DE BC ⊥根据题意有，，DE =1C E =因为棱柱为直棱柱，所以有平面，DE ⊥11BCC B所以，所以，1DE EC ⊥112DEC S ∆=设点C 到平面的距离为，1C DE d根据题意有，则有，11C CDEC C DEV V --=1111143232d ⨯=⨯⨯解得d ==所以点C 到平面.1C DE【点睛】该题考查的是有关立体几何的问题，涉及到的知识点有线面平行的判定，点到平面的距离的求解，在解题的过程中，注意要熟记线面平行的判定定理的内容，注意平行线的寻找思路，再者就是利用等积法求点到平面的距离是文科生常考的内容.19．如图，在长方体中，点分别在棱上，且，．1111ABCD A B C D -,E F 11,DD BB 12DE ED =12BF FB =（1）证明：点在平面内；1C AEF （2）若，，，求二面角的正弦值．2AB =1AD =13AA =1A EF A --【答案】（1）证明见解析；（2.【分析】（1）方法一:连接、，证明出四边形为平行四边形，进而可证得点在平1C E 1C F 1AEC F 1C 面内；AEF （2）方法一：以点为坐标原点，、、所在直线分别为、、轴建立空间直角坐1C 11C D 11C B 1C C x y z 标系，利用空间向量法可计算出二面角的余弦值，进而可求得二面角1C xyz -1A EF A --的正弦值.1A EF A --【详解】（1）［方法一］【最优解】：利用平面基本事实的推论在棱上取点，使得，连接、、、，如图1所示.1CC G 112C G CG=DG FG 1C E 1C F在长方体中，，所以四边形为平行四边形，则1111ABCD A B C D -//,BF CG BF CG =BCGF ，而，所以，所以四边形为平行四//,BC FG BC FG =,//BC AD BC AD =//,AD FG AD FG =DAFG 边形，即有，同理可证四边形为平行四边形，，，因此点//AF DG 1DEC G 1//C E DG ∴1//C E AF ∴在平面内.1C AEF ［方法二］：空间向量共线定理以分别为x 轴，y 轴，z 轴，建立空间直角坐标系，如图2所示．11111,,C D C B C C 设，则．11111,,3C D a C B b C C c ===1(0,0,0),(,0,2),(0,,),(,,3)C E a c F b c A a b c 所以．故．所以，点在平面内．1(,0,2),(,0,2)C E a c FA a c == 1C E FA =1AF C E ∥1C AEF ［方法三］：平面向量基本定理同方法二建系，并得，1(0,0,0),(,0,2),(0,,),(,,3)C E a c F b c A a b c 所以．111(,0,2),(0,,),(,,3)C E a c C F b c C A a b c === 故．所以点在平面内．111C A C E C F =+1C AEF ［方法四］：根据题意，如图3，设．11111,2,3A D a A B b A A c ===在平面内，因为，所以．11A B BA 12BF FB =1111133B F B B A A ==延长交于G ，AF 11A B 平面，AF ⊂AEF 平面．11A B ⊂1111D C B A ，11,G AF G A B ∈∈所以平面平面①．∈G ,AEF G ∈1111D C B A 延长交于H ，同理平面平面②．AE 11A D H ∈,AEF H ∈1111D C B A 由①②得，平面平面．AEF ⋂1111A B C D GH =连接，根据相似三角形知识可得．11,,GH GC HC 11,2GB b D H a ==在中，11Rt C B G 1C G =同理，在中，11Rt C D H 1C H =如图4，在中，1Rt A GH GH =所以，即G ，，H 三点共线．11GH C G C H =+1C 因为平面，所以平面，得证．GH ÌAEF 1C ⊂AEF ［方法五］：如图5，连接，则四边形为平行四边形，设与相交于点O ，则O 为11,,DF EB DB 1DEB F 1DB EF 的中点．联结，由长方体知识知，体对角线交于一点，且为它们的中点，即1,EF DB 1AC ，则经过点O ，故点在平面内．11AC B D O = 1AC 1C AEF（2）［方法一］【最优解】：坐标法以点为坐标原点，、、所在直线分别为、、轴建立如下图所示的空间直角坐1C 11C D 11C B 1C C x y z 标系，如图2.1C xyz -则、、、，()2,1,3A ()12,1,0A ()2,0,2E ()0,1,1F ，，，，()0,1,1AE =--()2,0,2AF =--()10,1,2A E =-()12,0,1A F =-设平面的一个法向量为，AEF ()111,,m x y z =由，得取，得，则，00m AE m AF ⎧⋅=⎨⋅=⎩11110220y z x z --=⎧⎨--=⎩11z =-111x y ==()1,1,1m =- 设平面的一个法向量为，1A EF ()222,,n x y z =由，得，取，得，，则，1100n A E n A F ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩ 22222020y z x z -+=⎧⎨-+=⎩22z =21x =24y =()1,4,2n =cos ,m n m n m n⋅<>===⋅设二面角的平面角为，则，1A EF A --θcossin θ∴==因此，二面角1A EF A --［方法二］：定义法在中，，即，所以．在AEF △AE AF EF ====222AE EF AF +=AE EF ⊥中，，如图6，设的中点分别为M ，N ，连接，则1A EF 11A E A F ==,EF AF 11,,A M MN A N，所以为二面角的平面角．1,A M EF MN EF ⊥⊥1A MN ∠1A EF A --在中，1A MN11MN A MA N ====所以，则1cosA MN ∠==1sin A MN ∠==［方法三］：向量法由题意得11AE AF A F A E EF =====由于，所以．222AE EF AF +=AE EF ⊥如图7，在平面内作，垂足为G ，1A EF 1A G EF ⊥则与的夹角即为二面角的大小．EA 1GA1A EF A --由，得．11AA AE EG GA =++ 22221111222AA AE EG GA AE EG EG GAAE GA =++++⋅⋅+⋅ 其中，，解得，1EG AG ==11AE GA ⋅=1cos ,AE GA 〉〈=所以二面角．1A EF A --［方法四］：三面角公式由题易得，11EA FA FEEA FA =====所以．2221111cos 2EA EA AA AEA EA EA +-∠===⋅．222cos 0,sin 12EA EF AF AEF AEF EA EF +-∠===∠=⋅22211111cos 2EA EF A F A EF A EF EA EF +-∠===∠=⋅设为二面角的平面角，由二面角的三个面角公式，得θ1A EF A --，所以111cos cos cos cos sin sin AEA AEF A EF AEF A EF θ∠-∠⋅∠===∠⋅∠sin θ=【整体点评】（1）方法一：通过证明直线，根据平面的基本事实二的推论即可证出，思路1//C E AF 直接，简单明了，是通性通法，也是最优解；方法二：利用空间向量基本定理证明；方法三：利用平面向量基本定理；方法四：利用平面的基本事实三通过证明三点共线说明点在平面内；方法五：利用平面的基本事实以及平行四边形的对角线和长方体的体对角线互相平分即可证出．（2）方法一：利用建立空间直角坐标系，由两个平面的法向量的夹角和二面角的关系求出；方法二：利用二面角的定义结合解三角形求出；方法三：利用和二面角公共棱垂直的两个向量夹角和二面角的关系即可求出，为最优解；方法四：利用三面角的余弦公式即可求出．20．已知双曲线C ：与x 轴的正半轴交于点M ，动直线l 与双曲线C 交于A ，B 两点，221x my -=当l 过双曲线C 的右焦点且垂直于x 轴时，，O 为坐标原点．54OA OB ⋅=(1)求双曲线C的方程；(2)若，求点M 到直线l 距离的最大值．90AMB ∠=︒【答案】(1)；2221x y -=(2)2【分析】（1）由双曲线方程求得右焦点，则可求出l 过双曲线C 的右焦点且垂直于x 2F ⎫⎪⎪⎭轴时的A ，B 两点坐标，由及数量积的坐标运算即可解出m ，得到双曲线方程；54OA OB ⋅=（2）由得，分别讨论直线斜率存在、不存在的情况，当斜率不存在时，90AMB ∠=︒0MA MB ⋅=设，直接求出交点，结合数量积运算可解出，即可得点M 到直线l 距离；当斜率存在时，x x =0x 设，联立双曲线方程，结合韦达定理及数量积运算可得与b 的关系，即可结合点线距离y kx b =+k 公式进一步讨论距离范围.【详解】（1）由曲线为双曲线得，双曲线标准形式为，故，0m >2211y x m -=222111,,1a b c m m ===+右焦点，，2F ⎫⎪⎪⎭()1,0M 当，故，x=1ym =±11,A B m m ⎫⎫-⎪⎪⎪⎪⎭⎭由得，54OA OB ⋅=()2211512024m m m m +-=⇒-=⇒=故双曲线C 的方程为；2221x y -=（2）由得，90AMB ∠=︒0MA MB ⋅=i.当直线斜率不存在时，设为，联立得，故当才有两个交点，此0x x =2221x y -=2212x y -=01x >时，，解得00,,A x B x ⎛⎛ ⎝⎝()()()2200001101302M x A B x x M x ---=⇒--⋅==或（舍）.03x =01x =故点M 到直线l 距离为2；ii.当直线斜率存在时，设为，联立得，y kx b =+2221x y -=()222124210kxkbx b ----=故当（*）才有两个交点，()()()222222211202Δ44122102210k k kb k b b k ⎧⎧-≠≠⎪⎪⇒⎨⎨=----->⎪⎪⎩-+>⎩设，则，()()1122,,,A x y B x y 2121222421,1212kb b x x x x k k ++==---故，即，()()1212110x M x B y A y M -⋅=-+=()()()2212121110k x x kb x x b ++-+++=即 ，整理得，得或.()()2222221411101212b kbk kb b k k +-++-++=--()()30k b k b ++=3b k =-b k =-①当时，直线l 为过与M 重合，不合题意；b k =-()1y k x =-()1,0②当时，代入（*）可得时有两个交点，3b k =-212k ≠∴点M 到直线l .2=<综上，点M 到直线l 距离的最大值为2.【点睛】关键点点睛：（1）根据直线与圆锥曲线的交点个数，注意讨论个数成立的条件；（2）结合韦达定理可以表示，即可进一步求出直线系数间的关系.MA MB ⋅21．已知椭圆C 的方程为，右焦点为．22221(0)x y a b a b +=>>F （1）求椭圆C 的方程；（2）设M ，N 是椭圆C 上的两点，直线与曲线相切．证明：M ，N ，F 三点MN 222(0)x y b x +=>共线的充要条件是||MN =【答案】（1）；（2）证明见解析.2213x y +=【分析】（1）由离心率公式可得，即可得解；a =2b （2充分性：设直线，由直线与圆相切得，联立直线与椭圆方程结合():,0MN y kx b kb =+<221b k =+，即可得解.=1k =±【详解】（1）由题意，椭圆半焦距c =c e a ==a =又，所以椭圆方程为；2221b a c =-=2213x y +=（2）由（1）得，曲线为，221(0)x y x +=>当直线的斜率不存在时，直线，不合题意；MN :1MN x =当直线的斜率存在时，设，MN ()()1122,,,M xy N x y 必要性：若M ，N ，F 三点共线，可设直线即，(:MN y k x =0kxy -=由直线与曲线，解得，MN 221(0)x y x +=>11k =±联立可得，所以，(2213y xx y ⎧=±⎪⎨⎪+=⎩2430x -+=121234x x x x +=⋅=,=所以必要性成立；充分性：设直线即，():,0MN y kx b kb =+<0kx y b -+=由直线与曲线，所以，MN 221(0)x y x +=>1=221b k =+联立可得，2213y kx b x y =+⎧⎪⎨+=⎪⎩()222136330k x kbx b +++-=所以，2121222633,1313kbb x x x x k k-+=-⋅=++==化简得，所以，()22310k -=1k =±所以，所以直线，1k b=⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩1k b =-⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩:MN y x =y x =-所以直线过点，M ，N ，F 三点共线，充分性成立；MN F 所以M ，N ，F三点共线的充要条件是||MN =【点睛】关键点点睛：解决本题的关键是直线方程与椭圆方程联立及韦达定理的应用，注意运算的准确性是解题的重中之重.22．在平面直角坐标系中，椭圆C 过点，焦点，圆O 的直径为xOy 1)212(F F ．12F F （1）求椭圆C及圆O 的方程；（2）设直线l 与圆O 相切于第一象限内的点P ．①若直线l 与椭圆C 有且只有一个公共点，求点P 的坐标；②直线l 与椭圆C 交于两点．若l 的方程．,A B OAB【答案】（1），；（2）①；②2214x y +=223x y +=y =+【分析】（1）根据条件易得圆的半径，即得圆的标准方程，再根据点在椭圆上，解方程组可得a ,b ，即得椭圆方程；（2）方法一：①先根据直线与圆相切得一方程，再根据直线与椭圆相切得另一方程，解方程组可得切点坐标；②先根据三角形面积得三角形底边边长，再结合①中方程组，利用求根公式以及两点间距离公式，列方程，解得切点坐标，即得直线方程.【详解】（1）因为椭圆C 的焦点为，()12,F F 可设椭圆C 的方程为．又点在椭圆C 上，22221(0)x y a b a b +=>>12⎫⎪⎭所以，解得2222311,43,ab a b ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪-=⎩224,1,a b ⎧=⎨=⎩因此，椭圆C 的方程为．2214x y +=因为圆O 的直径为，所以其方程为．12F F 223x y +=（2）［方法一］：【通性通法】代数法硬算①设直线l 与圆O 相切于，则，()0000,(0,0)P x y x y >>22003x y +=所以直线l 的方程为，即．()0000x y x x y y =--+0003x y x y y =-+由，消去y ，得（*），22000143x y x y x y y ⎧+=⎪⎪⎨⎪=-+⎪⎩()222200004243640x y x x x y +-+-=因为直线l 与椭圆C 有且只有一个公共点，所以．()()()()22222200000024443644820x x y y y x ∆=--+-=-=因为，所以，因此，点P 的坐标为．00,0x y >001x y ==②因为三角形OAB，所以，从而．12AB OP ⋅=AB=设，由（*）得()()1122,,,A x y B x y 1,2x =所以．()()2221212AB x x y y =-+-()()222000222200048214y x x y x y -⎛⎫=+⋅⎪⎝⎭+因为，所以，即，22003x y +=()()22022016232491x AB x -==+42002451000x x -+=解得舍去），则，因此P 的坐标为．22005(202x x ==2012y =综上，直线l 的方程为．y =+［方法二］： 圆的参数方程的应用设P 点坐标为．π),0,2ααα⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭因为原点到直线，所以与圆O 切于点P 的cos sinx y αα+=d r===直线l 的方程为cossin x y αα+=由消去y ，得．22cos sin 1,4x y x yαα⎧+=⎪⎨+=⎪⎩()()22213cos )124sin 0x x ααα+-+-=①因为直线l 与椭圆相切，所以．()()22Δ16cos 23cos 20αα=-⋅--=因为，所以，故．π0,2α⎛⎫∈⎪⎝⎭cos (0,1)α∈cos α=sin α=所以，P 点坐标为．②因为直线O 相切，所以中边，因为的:cos sin lx y αα+=OABAB r =OAB ，所以．||AB =设，由①知()()1122,,,A x y B x y 22121222124sin 84cos 13cos 13cos x x x x αααα-++===++，||AB===即，64218cos153cos235cos1000ααα-+-=即．()()()2226cos5cos13cos200ααα---=因为，所以，故，所以π0,2α⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭cos(0,1)α∈25cos6α=cosαα==所以直线l的方程为y=+［方法三］：直线参数方程与圆的参数方程的应用设P点坐标为，则与圆O切于点P的直线l的参数方程为：π),0,2ααα⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭（t为参数），πcos2πsin2x ty tαααα⎧⎛⎫=++⎪⎪⎪⎝⎭⎨⎛⎫⎪=++⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩即（t为参数）．sincosx ty tαααα⎧=-⎪⎨=+⎪⎩代入，得关于t的一元二次方程．2214xy+=()()22213cos cos)89cos0t tαααα+++-=①因为直线l与椭圆相切，所以，，()()222Δcos)413cos89cos0αααα=-+-=因为，所以，故．π0,2α⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭cos(0,1)α∈cosα=sinα=所以，P点坐标为．②同方法二，略．【整体点评】（2）方法一：①直接利用直线与圆的位置关系，直线与椭圆的位置关系代数法硬算，即可解出点的坐标；②根据三角形面积公式，利用弦长公式可求出点的坐标，是该题的通性通P P法；方法二：①利用圆的参数方程设出点，进而表示出直线方程，根据直线与椭圆)αα的位置关系解出点的坐标；②根据三角形面积公式，利用弦长公式可求出点的坐标；P P方法三：①利用圆的参数方程设出点，将直线的参数方程表示出来，根据直线)ααP P与椭圆的位置关系解出点的坐标；②根据三角形面积公式，利用弦长公式可求出点的坐标．。
2023年12月英语四级真题及参考答案
加油！有志者事竟成答卷时应注意事项１、拿到试卷，要认真仔细的先填好自己的考生信息。
２、拿到试卷不要提笔就写，先大致的浏览一遍，有多少大题，每个大题里有几个小题，有什么题型，哪些容易，哪些难，做到心里有底；３、审题，每个题目都要多读几遍，不仅要读大题，还要读小题，不放过每一个字，遇到暂时弄不懂题意的题目，手指点读，多读几遍题目，就能理解题意了；容易混乱的地方也应该多读几遍，比如从小到大，从左到右这样的题；４、每个题目做完了以后，把自己的手从试卷上完全移开，好好的看看有没有被自己的手臂挡住而遗漏的题；试卷第１页和第２页上下衔接的地方一定要注意，仔细看看有没有遗漏的小题；５、中途遇到真的解决不了的难题，注意安排好时间，先把后面会做的做完，再来重新读题，结合平时课堂上所学的知识，解答难题；一定要镇定，不能因此慌了手脚，影响下面的答题；６、卷面要清洁，字迹要清工整，非常重要；７、做完的试卷要检查，这样可以发现刚才可能留下的错误或是可以检查是否有漏题，检查的时候，用手指点读题目，不要管自己的答案，重新分析题意，所有计算题重新计算，判断题重新判断，填空题重新填空，之后把检查的结果与先前做的结果进行对比分析。
亲爱的朋友，你们好!经过两个月的学习，你们一定有不小的收获吧，用你的自信和智慧，认真答题，相信你一定会闯关成功。
相信你是最棒的！12023年12月英语四级真题及参考答案英语四级试卷采用多题多卷的形式，大家核对答案时,找出具体选项，忽略套数。
无忧考网搜集整理了各个版本，仅供大家参考。
听力原文：第一套【Section A】News Report 1A police officer in the U. S. stopped a large SUV car that was going very slowly and drifting across lanes on a highway. He expected to find a driver who was either very drunk or having a medical emergency. Instead, the officer discovered a five year old boy sat on the edge of the driver's seat. His feet could barely reach the brake, and his head was only just high enough to see out of the windows. The child had taken the keys to the family car while his teenage sister was napping. He then drove three kilometers across town before getting on the highway. The boy later told confused officers that he was planning to travel to California and buy a Lamborghini sports car. Although he only had 3 dollar in his wallet, at least he was driving in the right direction.Q1: Why did the police officer stop the SUV car?Q2: What did the boy tell the police officers he was planning to do?News Report 2Mobile phones have changed the way we live, how we read, work, communicate, and shop. But we already know this. What we have not yet understood is the way the tiny machines in front of us are changing our skeletons. Possibly altering not just the way we behave but even the very shape of our bodies. New scientific research at the University of the Sunshine Coast in Queensland, Australia suggests that young people are developing extra pieces of bone at the backs of their heads. These pieces of bone are caused by the way people bend their heads when they use the phone. This shifts weight onto the muscles at the back of the head and causes the bone to grow in a way that is not normal. This process can be compared to the way the skin hardens in response to constant rubbing or pressure. The result is a piece of bone like a horn that sticks out from the head by the neck.Q3: What does the report say we have not yet understood about mobile phones? Q4: What happens to the skin when rubbed or pressed constantly?News Report 3A village is going to throw a birthday party for an orange cat named Wilbur, who has become famous for making a regular appearance at local shops. Wilbur has his own internet pages as he approaches his 10th birthday on July 7.Wilbur is both bold and friendly.He spends most of his time in shops and businesses around the village.He'll just take himself into any shop, anywhere.There was one time when the doctor's receptionist came back and he was sitting on her chair.Among his favorite haunts are a local hairdresser, two pubs, and the Nottingham Primary School.Leslie Harper, who runs one of the pubs, said the cat has been a big hit with their customers.“He's been a regular visitor for most of this year”, she told the Press Association.“He's a very relaxed cat, happy for customers and villagers young and old to come in and say hello. She also said he is a cat of expensive tastes, who likes his high priced cat food. ”Sarah Godfrey, who is organizing Wilbur's party, told the local newspaper, “Wilbur is part of our lives, as he is for everyone who lives in the village. “Q5: What does the report say the village is going to do for the cat Wilbur? Q6: What do we learn from the report about the cat?Q7: What does the pub owner, Leslie Harper, say about the cat?【Section B】Conversation 1M: So, where do you want to go for lunch?W: I don't know. Do you have anything in mind?M: What about the sandwich place on Camden Street?W: Um, no, sorry. I don't feel like sandwiches today. It's a great place, but I think we go there too often.M: That's true. Remember, that's where we saw Bridget Clark, the famous movie star.W: Of course. How could I ever forget? There were crowds of people around her, asking for a photo with her.M: What about hamburgers, then? There's that American style diner on the way to the mall.W: I like that place. Their chips are great, but their service takes a long time, and I need to get back by 2.：30 for a conference call. How about trying something new? We could try Mario's, the new Italian restaurant on the corner. It looks alright. Have you been there?M: No, I haven't, but I've noticed that it has great reviews on the internet. It's supposed to be one of the best Italians in town. I think Jeremy has been there and said it was amazing. I'm up for that.W: Cool. Have you asked Jeremy if he would like to come with us?M: I already have. He says he can't. He has brought his own lunch today, so he will stay in. I think his wife made him soup.W: Poor Jeremy. His wife is a terrible cook. He should throw that soup in the bin and join us.Q8: What are the speakers talking about in this conversation?Q9: Where did the speakers see Bridget Clarke, the famous movie star?Q10: Why does the woman say she needs to get back by 2:30?Q11:Why does the woman say Jeremy should throw his soup in the bin? Conversation 2W: Hi there, how are you today? Do you have a reservation with us already? M: Good afternoon. Yes, we reserved our rooms yesterday morning on your website for three nights. The name's Patterson.W: Okay, let me have a look. Yes, we have it here. You brought the whole family with you, I see.M: Yes, the two kids, my wife and I, and her parents too.W:Great. So, we have a family room for you and your wife and the kids. And another double room for your parents in law. They are right next to each other on the ground floor, since you mentioned in your message that they have trouble with stairs.M: That's wonderful. My father in law has had terrible problems getting up and down stairs since his knee operation last April.W: I'm sorry to hear that, and if you need any help to find transportation for the whole family, we can definitely recommend someone for you.M: We were thinking of renting a car, but we will explore all the options available for sure. So yes, that would be very helpful in comparing prices. We're also wondering what tours and day trips are available.W: We have bunches of brochures here. I would recommend getting out on a boat trip. The kids will love it, and there are so many islands nearby to explore. There's also a great night market further into town that has all kinds of food and cool little shops selling souvenirs and local jewelry and clothing made by hand.M: That all sounds marvelous.W: Now, all I need is to photocopy your passports, and then I can get you all checked in and show you to your rooms.Q12: Who is the man talking to in the conversation?Q13: What do we learn about the man's father in law from the conversation? Q14: Why does the man say they will explore all the options available? Q15: What does the woman suggest the man and his family do close to the end of the conversation?【Section C】Passage 1Artificial intelligence agents play ever more influential roles in our lives. They do everything from suggesting new friends to recommending purchases.They're even beginning to drive our cars. Another role that they are expected to take over is negotiating on our behalf in commercial transactions or legal disputes.So, it's important to know whether using an artificial intelligence agent might affect how we negotiate. Research indicates that it does. In a new study, participants were told to imagine that they were negotiating for something important to them, like a house. Next, they were told either that they would negotiate for themselves, or they would program an artificial intelligence agent to negotiate for them.Participants then completed a survey indicating how tough, deceptive, and pleasant or otherwise they wanted to be, or wanted their agent to be, in the negotiations. For example, participants could choose to be tough by making an opening demand far greater than what they'd be willing to accept. They could also choose to express sympathy with their opponent, to appear pleasant. But they could also indicate that they, or their agent, Would strategically express anger toward the opponent to gain advantage, or they could opt to convey dissatisfaction with the encounter so that the other party would think they were losing interest. These are both examples of deceptive strategies. Participants were more willing to employ deceptive strategies when assigned an agent to negotiate on their behalf.Q16: What does the passage say about artificial intelligence agents?Q17: What does the new study want to find out about using an artificial intelligence agent?Q18: What did participants tend to do when assigned an AI agent to negotiate on their behalf?Passage 2New research has studied the effects of a seven week healthy cooking course. Academics measured the program's effect on cooking confidence and self perceived mental health. Researchers also measured participants overall satisfaction around cooking and diet related behaviors. What were the findings?Course participants saw significant improvements in general health. They also reported improved mental health and subjective vitality immediately after the program. These benefits remained six months after the completion of the course. What caused these improvements? Researchers have previously found a link between eating more fruits and vegetables and improved longer term mental health.This would imply that the participants in the current study may have felt better due to improved diet. However, the study showed participants mental health improved even if their reported diet did not change after completing the program. Also, the mental health benefits were equal among participants who were overweight or obese and those in a healthy weight range.This suggests a link between cooking confidence and satisfaction around cooking and mental health benefits. Who benefits most from learning to cook? Gender plays a part. At the start of the program, 77 percent of female participants were confident about cooking, but just 23 percent of males were confident.At the end of the program, cooking confidence and skills were equal across both counterparts. This change in confidence could lead to a gender balance in home cooking. This, in turn, could reduce consumption of unhealthy, high calorie processed meals.Q19: What do we learn about the benefits the participants gained from the healthy cooking course?Q20: What do the new research findings suggest about mental health benefits?Q21: What plays a role in determining who benefits most from learning to cook?Passage 3What is personal space? We often think of it as an invisible bubble of space surrounding us that others can't enter, without causing discomfort.Research shows, however, that we actually have bubbles of different sizes.Each of these bubbles applies to a different set of people. The smallest zone, called intimate space, extends outward from our bodies 18 inches in every direction.Only family, pets and one's closest friends may enter it. A mere acquaintance entering our intimate space makes us uncomfortable.Next is the bubble called personal space, extending from 1.5 feet to 4 feet away. Friends and acquaintances can comfortably occupy this zone, especially during informal conversations, but strangers are forbidden. Extending from 4 to 12 feet away from us is social space. Here, people feel comfortable conducting routine social interactions with new acquaintances or total strangers.Those are the average sizes of Americans personal bubbles, anyway. It is important to keep in mind that personal space varies depending on culture and context.Furthermore, there are significant individual differences. As we all know, cultural or individual differences in personal bubble diameters are all too often the cause of discomfort.How did these personal bubbles arise? According to research, we begin to develop our individual sense of personal space around age 3 or 4. The sizes of our bubbles are fixed by our teens. These bubbles are constructed and monitored by the brain region involved in fear.Q22:What does research show about our personal space?Q23: What happens if a mere acquaintance enters our intimate space?Q24: Where do people feel comfortable interacting with new acquaintances or strangers?Q25: When are the sizes of our bubbles fixed?第二套【Section A】News Report 1Have you noticed how similar you are to your friends? It may be because your brains operate in harmony with each other. We know that friends are more likely to be the same age, gender, and ethnic background as each other. Now it seems their brains are alike too. Researchers at the University of California scanned 42 classmates while they watched videos intended to provoke varying responses. Some people might find a romantic scene touching, for instance, while others would feel it was embarrassing. The activity of friends brains was more similar than that of people who didn't know each other, particularly in regions involved in attention, emotion, and language. This similarity was strong enough that it could be used to predict whether two people were already friends or not. Therelationship probably goes two ways. We are drawn to people who think like us. We then influence their thoughts over time, which may push their brain activity into more closely resembling our own.Q1: What may be the reason that friends are similar to each other, according to the recent research?Q2: What does the news report say about the relationship between friends?News Report 2Two men who have been best friends for 60 years have just realized they are actually brothers. It's reported that Alan Robinson and Walter McDonald met in the 6th grade at a school in Hawaii. They have been best friends ever since. Alan was given away for adoption soon after he was born, and Walter never knew his father.So recently, They made separate attempts on DNA matching websites to discover more about their ancestry. Walter was astonished to find thathe matched with website user Robbie737. He knew immediately that this was his best friend, Alan, whose friends call him Robbie, and flew 737 airplanes when he was a pilot.The pair were born to the same mother 15 months apart.Q3: What did both Alan Robinson and Walter McDonald attempt to do on DNA matching websites?Q4: What did the news report say about Alan Robinson and Walter McDonald?News Report 3Amid all the election drama, air pollution problems and disease outbreaks, five tourists good work is being spread online.Yesterday, 2 male and 3 female tourists were spotted walking the kilometer long beach, picking up trash. One of the male tourists from Australia commented that although there was a lot of trash, nobody was doing anything. The beach was not as nice or beautiful as it should be. He felt so sad to see such a gorgeous place littered with so much trash. Thus, he and his friends decided to grab a few trash bags and clean it all up.A man passing by decided to video their good deed and put it on the internet. It was unclear where the rest of the group was from, but they were most likely traveling together.One local woman commented on being embarrassed that tourists were cleaning up their beach. Another mentioned that it was actually the natives who brought food and drinks, then left trash all along the island.Q5: Why did one of the male tourists feel sad?Q6: Who put the good deed video on the internet?Q7: Why did one local woman say she was embarrassed?【Section B】Conversation 1W: Hello Benjamin, Dan and I will be going for a run along the canal Saturday morning. Would you like to join us?M:I'd love to, but I hurt my ankle last weekend playing football with work colleagues.W: Oh dear, is it serious?M: No, not at all. I landed badly during a fall and twisted it a little, but it's no big deal. It's just a little swollen and I should be fine for next Saturday if you still want to go for a jog then.W: I won't be here next Saturday. I'm going to the zoo.M:The zoo?W: Yeah. My little nephew turns six, and he loves the zoo. So the whole family is going.M: Oh, okay then. I haven't been to a zoo since I was a kid.W: They are nowhere near as popular as they used to be when we were children. I personally feel sorry for the poor animals stuck in cages. But there's no denying they are fun and educational for children.M: Do you know if Dan will be around next Saturday?W: Yeah, I think he will. Just send him a text message. He's always keen on physical activities.M: That's true. Dan is extremely fit and healthy. He goes to the gym most days, plus tennis two or three times a week.W: So, what have you been doing to stay busy while you've had that swollen ankle?M: I've been catching up on some reading. I was given three books over Christmas, and I'm only now getting around to reading them.Q8: Why can't the man go for a run Saturday morning?Q9: Why is the woman's whole family going to the zoo next Saturday? Q10: What do we learn about Dan from the man's description?Q11: What has the man been doing since last weekend?Conversation 2W: Our guest on today's book talk is John Black, the author of the new bestseller, Retire Early.M: Thanks for having me on the show, Lisa.W: John, your book is getting a lot of attention, partly because you write that most people can retire by 40. Is that realistic?M: Definitely. When researching this book, I interviewed hundreds of people who retired by 40.W: Okay, but how much money does a person need to retire? I've read articles recommending one million dollars as a good figure for retirement. M:While most financial planners do give numbers, I don't think that's useful, as people are living in different areas with different costs of living, and have different needs and wants, which is why I suggest that people aim for financial independence.W: What do you mean by financial independence?M:Having investment income that's greater than monthly expenses.W: That sounds risky to me. What if an accident happens? Or you get ill and need medical treatment? Shouldn't people have extra cash for emergencies?M: Too many people spend their lives working on jobs they hate because they're afraid. So I counsel people to take risks. Retirement doesn't have to be permanent, and if people need to, they can go back to work. W: But it's not always easy to get back into the workforce after an extended absence.M: True, but if you keep current with your skills, you will be attracted to employers.W: Maybe, but how can anyone save enough to retire by 40 when most people can't retire at 60?M: Simple, by cutting housing, food, and transport expenses and investing half your monthly income.W: That sounds impossible.M: I admit it's difficult, but it has worked for thousands.Q12: What do we learn about the man's book published recently?Q13: What do the articles the woman read recommend?Q14: What does the man say about retirement?Q15: How does the man say his proposal about retirement can be carried out?【Section C】Passage 1New research from America studies the role that the presence of individuals from different social or racial groups has in influencingconsumers food choices. This research found college students were more likely to choose healthy food in the presence of an observer of a different race, as opposed to an observer from their own race. The same was true when they were with someone from a different university compared to someone from their own. Researchers say this was because participants anticipated more negative judgment from an outsider group. In contrast, they felt less judged by members of their own group. In one experiment, participants were offered the choice between candy and fruit as a snack. When in the presence of an unknown student from their own university, only 12 percent of students selected the healthier option. However, this number was 31 percent when in the presence of an unknown student from another university. Other experiments showed similar results based on racial group. What's the reason for this pattern? The study found that people feel judged to a larger extent by members of other groups. Because of this, they strategically use healthy food choices to make a positive impression. There have been many attempts to help consumers make healthier choices, but consumers often struggle to maintain a healthy diet. This research finds that one way to promote a healthy diet could be to advertise the social benefits of healthy choices.Q16: What was the finding of the new research from America about consumers food choices?Q17: When did 31 percent of students in the experiment select the healthier option?Q18: How could a healthy diet be promoted according to the findings of the new research?Passage 2For college students under pressure, a dog may be the best stress fighter around, according to the finding of a recent study. It's a really powerful finding, said Patricia Pendry, who led the study. Universities are doing a lot of great work trying to help students succeed academically, especially those who may be at risk due to a history of mental health issues or academic and learning issues.This study shows that traditional stress management approaches aren't as effective for this population compared with programs that focus on providing opportunities to interact with therapy dogs. The researchers measured executive functioning in the students involved in the study. Executive function is a term for the skills one needs to plan, organize, motivate, concentrate, and memorize.These are skills students need to succeed in college. The research has found that students who were most at risk had the most improvements in executive functioning after interacting with therapy dogs. These results remained when researchers followed up six weeks later. Many universities provide academic stress management programs and workshops.These are traditionally very similar to college classes. They often talk about ways to get more sleep, set goals, or manage stress or anxiety. Hendry acknowledges that these are really important topics and these workshops help typical students succeed. But they're less helpful for struggling students.Hendry believes those students may experience the programs as another lecture and feel even more stressed.Q19: What does the recent study led by Patricia Pendry aim to examine? Q20: What did the new study measure in the participants?Q21: What does Patricia Pendry think traditional stress management programs may do?Passage 3Taking risks in business does not mean going into business blindly and then expecting great results. On the contrary, taking risks in entrepreneurship involves careful planning and hard work. Nobody can really be sure if risks will be met with success, no matter how calculated they may be. But this should not stop you from taking risks, as risks are necessary if you want your business to succeed.Some risks may not work out, but an optimistic risk taker will always look at failure as an opportunity to learn. The willingness to experiment with new ideas is key to business growth. As the old saying goes, nothing ventured nothing gained.Failure will teach you how to think and plan strategically. But just remember that not all risks are good ones, and when you fail, learn from it and move forward. Since most people tend to avoid risk, businesses that are brave enough to take risks already have a competitive advantage. They are the ones setting the standard with new ideas, fresh offers and bold inventions.Risk takers are best at adapting in difficult times. Simply put, when most individuals stay away from risk, it means less competition for risktakers. We don't know if you'll achieve what these risk takers have achieved, but for as long as you want to stay safe, and for as long as you are content with where your business is right now, you will never find out.Q22: What do entrepreneurs have to do when taking risks according to the passage?Q23: What does the passage say is key to business growth?Q24: What are we advised to do when we fail?Q25: What does it mean to risk taking businesses when most people tend to avoid risk?参考答案翻译部分1.中国政府十分重视人民的饮食健康中国政府十分重视人民的健康饮食（diet ）。
12月试卷有答案
一段选题 (每题1分，共90分)1．当浏览器不支持图像时，图像<img>标记的( C )值可以替代图像。
A．align属性 B．height属性C．alt属性 D．border属性2．在网页中输入文本时，如需正常换行，可按( C )键。
A．Enter B．ALT+Enter C．Shift+Enter D．Ctrl+Enter3．在文本属性面板上，颜色设置通常是以( B )来表示颜色值，但也可用英文单词表示。
A．八进制数 B．十六进制数 C．十进制数D．二进制数4．在用<marquee>活动字幕标记制作滚动字幕时，参数( C )用于设定活动字幕每次滚动的距离。
A．align B．direction C．scrollamount D．scrolldelay5.当鼠标停留在超链接上时会出现( C )标记定义的文字。
A．table B．href C．title D．word6、HTML代码中，<align=center>表示： DA.文本加注下标线B.文本加注上标线C.文本闪烁D.文本或图片居中7、在HTML文档中使用有序列表应使用（ B）标记A.<ul>B.<ol>C.<dl>D.<li>8、HTML代码<input type=text name="address" size=30>表示：BA.创建一个复选框B.创建一个单行文本输入区域C.创建一个提交按纽D.创建一个使用图象的提交按纽9、<img src="name" align="left">的意思是：AA.图像向左对齐B.图像向右对齐C.图像与底部对齐D.图像与顶部对齐10、在客户端网页脚本语言中最为通用的是( A )。
A、JavaScriptB、VBC、PerlD、ASP11、在HTML中，标记<font>的Size属性最大取值可以是( C )。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
一、语文基础知识（15分，每小题3分）
1.“演”改为“衍”，“熬”改为“鳌”。
书写1分。
2.D
3.C
4.C
5.C
二.古诗文阅读（共25分，共6小题）
6.只是；容颜。
7. A
8.（1）张怀民也没有睡，我和他一同在庭院中散步。
（2）一天再美好的时光，是烟雾弥漫的早晨，是山间夕阳斜照的傍晚。
9.清澈、透明、柔和正
10.被贬后内心的凄凉不与世俗同流合污
11.略
12.（1）该诗不仅写景，还有抒情。
前四句抒写了人去楼空，世事苍茫的感慨；后四句描绘了登楼所见，烘托思乡之情，情景交融，引人遐思。
(2)第一个“空”有“只、只有”的意思，表达了好友已离去，只剩下空空的黄鹤楼和
诗人自己，重在写景；第二个“空”有“空空的、空荡荡”之意，表达的是因友人的离去和自己漂泊在外，诗人内心的孤寂、寂寞和惆怅，重在抒情。
13.烤红薯，爹提供的；炒黄豆和玉米豆，娘提供的；“巧克力”，娘的创造；听故事，老光棍饲养员提供的。
14.不能去掉，前面写的美味是食物，这两段的美味是听故事，是精神食粮，是另外一种美味（1分）。
这两段使文章内涵更丰富，不能去掉。
15.第④段写我守在火炉上的铁锅边挑炸开花的黄豆和玉米时的馋样；第⑿段写我听故事时的专注。
（前者表现了我对食物的倾心，后者表现了我对新知的渴望。
）
16.不是弄重复了，是作者刻意为之。
作者通过重复来突出娘给做的“巧克力”给自己留下的印象之深。
这样开头也能设置悬念，吸引读者阅读兴趣。
17.第①段写北方冬天的单调乏味和冗长无趣，目的是为了突出山楂的“活跃”与“生命活力”。
18.用途（功用）；逻辑
19.举例子、做比较、列数字；说明山楂富含营养成分（微生素C含量很高）（生动、典雅。
示例一：第②段中生命“蛰伏”，草木“收敛了锦色芳华”，生灵停止“奔突游走”，一切归于“安宁沉寂”。
曾经“繁盛喧嚣”的水果亦是纷纷消失不见等用词生动典雅，充满感情色彩。
示例二：第④段引用古诗突出了山楂色彩的明艳动人，典雅生动。
示例三：第⑨段对山楂的赞美生动典雅，令人回味悠长。
20.舒----舍得给予别人，自己就能收获快乐“舒”字，左边是舍得的“舍”
右边是给予的“予”，就是舍得给予的意思。
所谓“舒心”，就是“舍得给予别人，自己就能收获快乐”道---首要的，是迈开脚去走“道”字，由一个“走”字底和一个首要的“首”字组成。
这告诉我们，要走出一条人生之“道”来，首要的，是迈开脚去走理想很重要，信念很重要，毅力很重要，坚持很重要，机会很重要……但如果你不迈开脚去走，不去行动，这一切都将、、于零夸----自大的人，最终要吃大亏“夸”字，上面是个“大”，下面是个“亏”，可以这样理解和解释——一个自大的人，最终是要吃大亏的一个自大的人，必定是在用他的自大来掩盖他的无知和无能，一个不知道用行动去改变自己
的无知和无能，而是用自大去掩盖的人，那只能永远无知无能下去，最终必定会在不断地膨胀和越来越莽撞中，吃大亏海-----大海，来自每一滴水看看“海”字的写法：“海”，来自“每”一滴“水”。
是一滴又一滴的水，汇聚成了一片大海。
成就人生的大海，也要从“一滴水”又“一滴水”般的小事开始，做好了那些小事，才能成就人生的伟大反过来说，大海之所以博大，是因为可以包容含藏“每”一滴“水”。
如果是一个小水洼，能容的水就有限。
这就是“有容乃大”，告诉我们谦虚包容才能大成的道理
21.B
22.①[材料一]二十四节气入非遗名录（申遗成功）[材料二]二十四节气沿用2000多年②申遗成功，历法文化传世界③清明节。
清明节是中国重要的传统节日之一。
它不仅是人们祭奠祖先、缅怀先烈的节日，也是中华民族认祖归宗的纽带，更重要的是认识先辈。
看自己的不足，修正自己，带动后人。
感悟人生的价值，去除先辈遗留的干枝枯叶，保留可借鉴的新芽，弘扬正能量。