中国文化通览课件

Section one The Economic Structure
The agricultural society exerted a strong influence on the development of the Chinese culture.
Status of the agricultural in the ancient China 1.The mainstream of the ancient Chinese culture was based on the agricultural civilization. 2. Agriculture shaped the political system and ideology. 3. Rulers encouraged farming but limited commerce The the characteristics of small-scale economy 1)Farming was conducted with each household as a productive unit. 2)Men cultivated the land and the women wove at home. 3)The scale of production was small. 4)The economy was under strict control of the nation.
1. China is located in relatively enclosed geographical surroundings, which provided exceptional natural advantages for the ancient Chinese culture to evolve into a stable and independent system with distinctive regional features.
2. The terrain of high in the west and low in the east forms the large river valleys, which facilitate the agricultural development and transportation as well as the growth of regional culture, forming a cultural system of organic unity with multi-elements.（cultural fusion and political unity） 3. The territory in the temperate and subtropical zones contributes to the development of agricultural civilization, which plays a decisive role in forming and promoting the Chinese culture, as a fundamental differences from Western culture.
Tasks In or Out of Class
1) Telling stories (20’-25’): at the beginning of each session, 3to 4 students will be required to tell a short story about Chinese historical tales, myths, fables, legends, or eminent personnel in China, or episode from Chinese literary works. Each story should be told within at most 5 minutes and could be from the textbook (chapter 2, 3, and 4) or other resources. It will be assessed and the result will be recorded as a part of the regular assessment. 2) Generalizing videos: a video about Chinese culture will be shown in some classes and you are required to summarize or reflect on the video in every review class. 3) Group presentation: the whole class will be divided into nine groups, 6 students in each group, to make a presentation with the given topics. The presentation should be in the length of 15-20 minutes. It will also be assessed and the result will be recorded as a part of the regular assessment.
1.Culture before the Qin dynasty (The embryonic stage: Division)
three main influences: 1) Before Three Dynasties the Eastern Yi culture (in the region of present Shangdong Province and the northern part of Jiangsu Province in the lower Yellow River Valley. “Shun”) the Western Xia culture (in the region of present Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and the Southern Shanxi Province in the upper and middle Yellow River Valley. “Yandi; Huangdi; Yao”) the Southern Man culture (in the Yangtze-Huaihe Valley. “Panhu”)
中国朝代顺序表
华夏族(皇帝)--4000多年前 尧 舜 禹 夏朝--约公元前22世纪-公元前17世纪 商朝--约公元前17世纪初-公元前11世纪 周朝--约公元前11世纪-公元前256年,分为西周,东周,东周又分为春秋,战国 秦朝--公元前221-元前206年秦王(赢政)统一六国,之后项羽和刘邦为争夺帝位， 进行了 四年的楚汉战争。 西汉--公元前206年-公元25年,汉高祖(刘邦)->汉文帝->汉景帝(刘启)->汉武帝 (刘彻) 东汉--公元25-220年(汉光武帝)刘秀 三国--公元220-280 年刘备、曹操、孙权争夺天下 晋朝--公元265-420年分为西晋,东晋 南北朝--公元386-581年 隋朝--公元581-公元618年隋文帝(杨坚) 唐朝--公元618-907年李渊->唐太宗(李世民)->唐玄宗(李隆基) 五代--公元907-960年后梁、后唐、后晋、后汉、后周五个朝代 宋朝--公元960-1279 年,北宋宋太祖(赵匡胤)南宋(赵构)(公元1127-1279年)。 元朝--1271年-1368年，元世祖(忽必烈)是成吉思汗的孙子。 明朝--公元1368-1644年，朱元璋即明太祖。 清朝--公元1644-1911年

DISCUSSION:How can the Chinese culture be the only one that has lasted for thousands of years without suspension?
the ancient Egyptians
the ancient Chinese
Extensive &Profound
Section One
The Geographical Surroundings
The Geographical Reasons for the Formation and Development of the Chinese Culture
The Geographical Reasons for the Formation and Development of the Chinese Culture
Section one The Economic Structure

Bao-jia system--an administrative system Responsible for: 1. public security 2. tax-collection 3. control of the people “the water that carries the boat can also overturn it” -- 孔子（君者，舟 也；庶人者，水也。 水则载舟，水则覆舟 ）与鲁哀公的对话。
the ancient Indians
the ancient Mesopotamians /mesəupə'teimjən/
Section 2 The Historical Development of Chinese Culture
It is attributed to its innate structure of integrated pluralism and essential quality of a self-confident magnanimity “Pluralism”: the fact that Chinese culture is a blending of so many extraneous places. “Integrated”: various cultures melt into a unity, forming a distinctly Chinese culture with common values. With the ability to discard the old and embrace the new, the Chinese culture can absorb foreign cultures constantly and has survived all kinds of ordeals and turmoil.