一般过去时

Unit 19 Talking About the Past1、一般过去时1）一般过去时主要用来表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，是谈论过去时最常见的一个时态。

I got to know her in 2003. 我是2003年认识她的。

His grandfather died last year. 他的祖父是去年去世的。

I didn’t know her at that time. 那时我还不认识她。

She suffered a lot in her childhood. 小时候她受了很多苦。

2）前一会儿发生的事也要用过去时表示：She was here a minute ago. 她前一分钟还在这里。

George came in just now. 乔治刚刚进来过。

也可以表示过去习惯性的动作：We often played football together. 我们经常在一起踢足球。

2、规则动词的过去式规则动词的过去式有四种构成方法，它不随人称的变化而变化。

1）多数是由动词原形词尾加-ed构成：ask He asked me a question.want We wanted to go on holiday.2）如果规则动词的原形以-e结尾，则只在其后加-d, 而不加-ed:arrive They arrived late for every meeting.live He lived here three years ago.3）如果规则动词以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，则双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ed:plan He planned to go to the party.stop He stopped to do the housework.4）以辅音字母加-y结尾的规则动词，先变y为i再加-ed:try He tried a few minutes.study They studied English last year.以辅音字母加-y结尾的规则动词就直接加-ed:play He played the piano in the class.stay We stayed at home that morning.5）以“一个元音+l”结尾的词，英国人双写，美国人不双写：travel-----travelled, traveled marvel----marvelled, marveledl前若有两个元音，一概不双写：reveal----revealed appeal----appealed3、一般过去时的否定式1）一般过去时的否定式是由助动词do的过去式did及其否定形式did not或didn’t构成的：did not+动词原形，如：I did not (didn’t) like swimming when I was a child.She did not (didn’t) watch television yesterday.They did not (didn’t) come to the party.2）动词to be的过去式是was或were，否定式是was not(wasn’t)或were not(weren’t):He was not (wasn’t) late.They were not (weren’t) at home yesterday.3）情态动词can的过去式是could，否定式是could not (couldn’t):She could not(couldn’t) come to the party.4）动词to have 表示“有”时，其否定式是had not。

不表示“有”时，由did not (didn’t) 构成：We had not many wine glasses.They had a good time.They didn’t have a good time.She didn’t have any letters last week.4、一般过去时疑问句与简略回答除了含有动词to be 和情态动词can, may, must, should, woul d等的疑问句外，实意动词的一般过去时疑问句由助动词do的过去式did构成：Did+主语+动词原形Did you go swimming yesterday? Yes, I did.Did she watch TV last night? No, she didn’t.Did they have a good time? Yes, they did.动词to be置于句首构成疑问句：Was Polly at the party? Yes, she was.Were they in the hotel? No, they weren’t.5、一般过去时的特殊疑问句特殊疑问句常常以疑问词（who, what, where, why, when, how）开头，结构如下：疑问词+助动词（did）+主语+动词原形疑问词+系动词（was\were）+主语+动词原形Where did you go?Who did you see there?What did you do?When were you in the pub?6、不规则动词的过去式He went to a party last night. He drank red wine, and ate a lot of food. He saw Jane there. They left together very late.7、时间短语一般过去时的句子常常有表示过去时间概念的短语，如：yesterday, last night\year, this morning\afternoon等，可放在句首或句尾。

在疑问句中，一般放在句尾。

We cleared up this morning.Did you have a good time last night?8、anyone, someone, no one, anybody, somebody, nobody的用法在肯定句中一般用someone, no one, somebody, nobody，否定句和疑问句中一般用anyone, anybody。

如：Somebody (someone) said you had been ill.I talked to someone. He didn’t talk to anyone.He talked to no one else the whole evening.He didn’t talk to anyone else.Did anybody ever hear of such a thing?anyone, anybody还可表示“任何人”：Anybody can tell you how to get there.Anyone can do that. 这是任何人都能做。

9、重点单词get\clear\turn\grow uphelp sb with sth\help sb do sthfor ages\hours not at all in fact enjoy yourselflive announceUnit 20 Out in the Evening1、不定代词anything, something, nothing的用法一般来讲，something和nothing常用于肯定句，而anything则用于否定句和疑问句。

I have (got) nothing to do.我没事可做。

I haven’t (got) anything to do either.我也没事可做。

Let’s go to something really funny.咱们去干点真正有趣的事吧。

形容词修饰anything, something, nothing等不定代词时应放在其后面。

I don’t want to watch anything sad.I want to watch something happy.I like something exciting like an adventure film.I have nothing interesting to do.2、用一般现在时进行叙述一般现在时常用于叙述电影、戏剧或小说的故事情节。

这样使得叙述听起来生动，具有戏剧效果（可以给人以历历在目的印象）。

Harry Potter is a 12-year-old boy who goes to a boarding school(寄宿学校) for wizards(巫师). While he is there, he makes many friend and one or two really dangerous enemies(敌人)。

He has many really exciting adventures and becomes a very clever wizard.3、连词although, but和because的用法用although将两个具有对比意义的句子连接在一起，相当于中文的“虽然……，但是……”结构：Although the plot is weak, the action is really fantastic.Although the action is really fantastic, the plot is weak.The action is really fantastic, although the plot is weak,用but也可以连接两个具有对比意义的句子，表示语气的转折：It is very enjoyable, but it is not a film to watch before bedtime.It is rather simple but very funny.用because 解释事情的原因：I like this film because it is very interesting.Because it is late, they did not go to the film.4、提出建议Activity 10中出现的5种不同方法：How about seeing this one?What about dinner?Why don’t we go to a restaurant?Shall we have a sandwich?Let’s do that.5、回复别人的建议并表达个人偏好表示同意他人建议时，可以说：Ok.\Ok then.\That’s a good idea.\Great.如果对他人建议非常赞赏，也可以说：Brilliant.\Fantastic.\That’s a brilliant idea.\That’s a fantastic idea.表示不同意他人建议，出于礼貌应说明理由或提出相反的建议：Shall we go to the theatre tonight? 今天晚上我们去看戏，好吗？I would prefer to see a film. 我想看电影。