英语听力教程第二册教案(施心远)Unit_1

Unit 1Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accent 1. We haven’t got any in dark blue. 2. We can’t make it at nine tomorrow. 3. My telephone number is not 65031609. 4. I don’t like the black jumper. 5. He won’t come by the 7:30 train. (The word or digit in bold has the most stress)Exercise:1. a2. b3. a4. b5. bPart2 Listening and Note-talking Driving CarefullyDrive carefully and slowly when pedestrians are about, particularly in crowded shopping streets, when you see a bus stopped, or near a parked mobile shop. Watch out for pedestrians coming from behind parked or stopped vehicles, or from other places where you might not be able to see them.Three out of four pedestrians killed or seriously injured are either under fifteen or over sixty. The young and elderly may not judge speeds very well, and may step into the road when you do not expect them. Give them, and the infirm, or blind, or disabled people, plenty of time to cross the road.Drive slowly near schools, and look out for children getting on or off school buses. Stop when signalled to do so by a school crossing patrol showing a Stop-Children sign. Be careful near a parked ice-cream van—children are more interested in ice-cream then in traffic.When coming to a zebra crossing. be ready to slow down or stop to let people cross. You must give way once they have stepped onto a crossing. Signal to other drivers that you mean to slow down or stop. Give yourself more time to slow down or stop on wet or icy roads. Never overtake just before a zebra crossing.Exercise A: 1. Drive carefully and slowly when pedestrians are about. 2. Three out of four pedestrians killed are either under fifteen or over sixty. 3. Be careful near a parked ice-cream van—children are more interested in ice-creamthan in traffic. 4. When coming to a zebra crossing, be ready to slow down or stop to let peoplecross. 5. You must give way once they have stepped onto a crossing.Exercise B:Driving Carefully I. Look out for pedestriansA. Drive carefully at crowded shopping streets. B. Drive carefully near a bus stop. C. Drive carefully near a parked mobile shop. II. Look out for the young, the old and the disabled A. Three out of four pedestrians killed or seriously injured are either underfifteen or over sixty. B. The young and the elderly may not judge speeds very well. C. Give them, and the infirm, or blind, or disabled people, plenty of time tocross the road. III. Look out for childrenA. Stop at a Stop—Children sign B. Drive slowly near a parked ice-cream van IV. Coming to a zebra crossing A. Slow down or stop to let people cross. B. Signal to other drivers that you mean to slow down or stop. C. Never overtake just before a zebra crossing.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Dialogues Dialogue 1 Making ArrangementsMum: Hello. Tessa: Hi, Mum. It’s me. How are you? Mum: Oh, I’m fine, Tessa. I except you’re phoning to find out how thearrangements for your party are going? Tessa: Yes. That’s right. You know, it’s really good of you and Dad to make all thearrangements while I’m away. I really don’t know what I’d do without you! Mum: Oh, there is not that much to do really. In fact, your father and I are quiteenjoying it Tessa: Good. So how are thing going? Mum: Well, let’s see. I’ve already hired the hall, so that’s OK. Tessa: Have you found anyone to do the disco yet? Mum: No, not yet, dear. Tessa: Well, do you think you could do that soon, Mum? It might not be easy. Whatabout the equipment? Mum: Well, we’re having the sound system and records delivered by a localcompany next week. Tessa: Good. That should be all right. What about the bar? Mum: That’s all under control. We’re having the drinks delivered next week. Tessa: Great! Have you organised the food? Are you cooking it?Mum: Tessa: Mum: Tessa: Mum:What, for 70 people? You must be joking! No, I think I’ll have it done by the caterers* in the village. You’ll do that soon, won’t you? They’ll need a bit of notice. Mmm. Of course. Now, I had the invitations printed last week. The stationer’s did them, but I haven’t had time to send them yet… Oh, Mum, but the party’s in ten days! Send them soon, will you, or we’ll have no guests! Yes, I’m sorry, dear. Look, I’ll phone everyone too. I’ve been so busy with all the arrangements…Exercise: DoneTo be doneRelevant informationThe place The disco The equipmentThe bar The food The invitationsThe hall has been hired. To find someone to do it. The sound system and records will be delivered by a local company next week. The drinks will be delivered next week. To have it done by the caterers in the village. They are printed and will be sent soon.Dialogue 2 Fast Food Survey A: Excuse me, do you mind answering a few questions? B: No. A: Um firstly, do you ever eat fast food. B: Yes, yes, I do. A: What kind of fast food do you normally eat? B: Oh, er you know, burgers, sandwiches, well sometimes like a pizza or, you know,kebabs*. A: Oh, right. And how often do you eat fast food? Every day, more than once aweek or less than once a week? B: Er, well Monday to Friday when I’m working er, yeah every day, um butnot…not usually at the weekends. A: And what time of day do you eat fast food? B: Well, at work as I said, you know at lunchtime, um you know, I sort of go outand get a burger or sandwich. Sometimes, you know, if, if I’m going out and I’ve no time to cook in the evenings then I’ll, I’ll send out for a pizza. A: Oh, right. Do you only eat it as a main meal or do you snack between meals?B: No, only as a main meal, you know lunch or, or in the evening. A: And what do you think of fast food? Which statements do you think are true?Um, either“It’s convenient” B: Oh, definitely. I mean, that’s sort of the main reason that I eat it. A: Right. How about “It tastes good”? B: Yeah. Um, I mean, not as good as food like in a, in a good restaurant, but it’s notbad. A: “It’s good for you”? B: No. Sort of eating quickly and standing up. It’s sort of bad for you. The fooditself isn’t very good for you, you know there’s not enough greens, um you know, vegetables or salad. A: Mm. How about “It’s an expensive way of eating”? What do you think of that? B: Oh, yes it is, er but you’re paying for the convenience, you know the speed of it. Er, well, I certainly think that it’s cheaper than you know cooking your own food. A: Er, and what about lastly “It creates litter.” Do you think that’s true? B: Yes, yes, it does. Only I, I always put mine in a you know in a litter bin, but er unfortunately a lot of people don’t, um but in the packaging there is a lot of paper involved and plastic and sometimes polystyrene*.Exercise A: Every dayHow often do you eat fast food?Every weekdaysAt the weekendsOccasionallyBreakfastAt what time of the day do you eat fast food?LunchDinnerBetween mealsExercise B: It is convenient and fast, thought it doesn’t taste as good as food in good a restaurant. However it is bad to one’s health because there are not enough vegetables. It is also quite an expensive way of eating, but you’re paying for the convenience. And it creates litter because in the packaging there is a lot of paper, plastic and sometimes polystyrene involved.Part 2 Passages Passage 1 SnackIt’s 3:15 in the afternoon and half the office just stepped out* for a coffee break. Your eyelids are starting to close and 7-11 is just around the corner. A soda or a bag of chips would be just the thing to perk you up*. So you, too, go out for an afternoon snack.Sometimes we eat simply because everyone else is doing it. Other times we eatwhen we feel tired, bored or depressed. Snacking for the wrong reasons can lead to overeating and unhealthy diet.Of course, there are times when our bodies really need extra energy. Here are four tips to keep your snacking on the right track.1. Know why you’re eating. Using food to change your feelings can be a dangerous habit. An order of French fries might distract* you from feeling sad for a while, but it’s only a temporary cure. Once the fries are gone, the problem is still there. If you’re feeling lonely, don’t reach into the refrigerator. Call a friend. If you’re feeling stressed, take a 10-minute walk.2. Find a healthy pick-me-up*. If you’re truly hungry, a healthy snack can give you the boost of energy you need. If you like fresh foods, bring a small bag of tomatoes or apples slices to work whit you. To tame your sweet tooth, try a handful of dried fruit. A serving of nuts can be a perfect pick-me-up. They have the right combination of nutrients to give you the energy you need. But wait until you’re hungry to find something to eat. Plan ahead and bring something healthy whit you.3. Eat just one serving. Don’t open up a whole box of crackers and start munching away. Instead, pull out just one serving and put away the box.4. Think of snacks as mini-meals. Eating small, healthy snack can keep you from stuffing yourself at the next meal. Instead of eating three big meals each day, split them into four or five mini-meals. You may actually eat less food overall.Use these tips to help you plan snacks ahead of time. The next time you have a snack attack, tame your hunger the healthy way.Exercise A: a soda or a bag of chips; a piece of cake; a sandwich; a small bag of tomatoes; a small bag of apple slices; a serving of nuts; a glass of low-fat-milk; a serving of crackers, etc.Exercise B:1. A2. D3. B4. C5. D6. B7. C8. AExercise C: 1. A soda or a bag of chips would be just the thing to perk you up. 2. Using food to change your feeling can be a dangerous habit. 3. If you’re feeling lonely, don’t reach into the refrigerator. Call a friend. 4. A serving of nuts can be a perfect pick- me-up. 5. Eating small, healthy snacks can keep you from stuffing yourself at the next meal.Passage 2 Tips to Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Breakfast fills your “empty tank”to get you going after a long night without food. And it can help you do better in school. Easy-to-prepare breakfasts include cold cereal with fruit and low-fat milk, whole-wheat toast with peanut butter, yogurt *with fruit, whole-grain waffles or even last night’s pizza! It’s easy to fit physical activities into your daily routine. Walk, bike or jog to seefriends. Take a 10-minute activity break every hour while you read, do homework or watch TV. Climb stairs instead of taking an escalator or elevator. Try to do these things for a total of 30 minutes every day.Snacks are a great way to refuel. Choose snacks from different food groups—a glass of low-fat milk and a few graham* crackers, an apple or celery sticks with peanut butter and raisins*, or some dry cereal. If you eat smart at other meals, cookies, chips and candy are OK for occasional snacking.Vigorous work-outs*—when you’re breathing hard and sweating—help your heart pump better, give you more energy and help you look and feel best. Start with a warm-up that stretches your muscles. Include 20 minutes of aerobic activity, such as running, jogging, or dancing. Follow up with activities that help make you stronger such as push-ups or lifting weights. Then cool down with more stretching and deep breathing.Being active is much more fun with friends or family. Encourage others to join you and plan one special physical activity event, like a bike ride or hiking, with a group each week.You don’t have to give up foods like hamburgers, French fries and ice cream to eat healthy. You just have to be smart about how often and how much of them you eat. Your body needs nutrients like protein*, carbohydrates*, fat and many different vitamins and minerals such as vitamins C and A, iron and calcium* from a variety of foods. Balancing food choices from the Food Guide Pyramid and checking out the Nutrition Facts panel on food labels will help you get all these nutrients.Eat more grains, fruits and vegetables. These foods give you carbohydrates for energy, plus vitamins, minerals and fiber. Besides, they taste good! Try breads such as whole-wheat, bagels* and pita*. Spaghetti and oatmeal are also in the grain group.Bananas, strawberries and melons are some great tasting fruits. Try vegetables raw, on a sandwich or salad.A healthy eating style is like a puzzle with many parts. Each part—or food—is different. Some foods may have more fat, sugar or salt while others may have more vitamins or fiber. There is a place for all these foods. What makes a diet good or bad is how foods fit together. Balancing your choices is important. Fit in a higher-fat food, like pepperoni* pizza, at dinner by choosing lower-fat foods at other meals. And don’t forget about moderation. If two pieces of pizza fill you up, you don’t need a third. Exercise A: People should eat natural foods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today. Eat more grain fruits and vegetables. To keep fit, you should do regular physical exercise every day, such as running, jogging, dancing or riding a bike, etc.Exercise B:1. B2. C3. D4. D5. A6. D7. B8. DExercise C:1. Breakfast fills your “empty tank” to get you going after a long night without food and it can help you do better in school.2. Walking, biking or jogging is easy to fit into your daily routine. 3. You must be smart about how often and how much of them you eat. 4. Grains, fruits and vegetables give you carbohydrates for energy, plus vitamins,minerals and fiber. 5. To make a good diet you should fit foods together and balance your choices.Part 3 News News Item 1In China the economy expanded at the rate of more than 9% between July and September. The government says China’s total output goods and services was 9.1% higher compared to the same period last year. The strong growth surprises most experts. They have expected expansion to slow earlier this year as the effects of disease SARS curbed* China’s transportation and travel industry. Experts now say they expect the economy to grow by 8.5% for all of this year. China has the world fastest growing major economy.Exercise A: This news item is about the rapid growth of China’s economy.Exercise B: 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. TNews Item 2 World Trade Organization ministers are meeting in Montreal*, Canada. The trade ministers have been debating the issue of reducing import taxes and government aid for certain services, especially farming. Major agricultural exporters like the United States, Australia and Brazil want all import duties cut to an average of 25%. Importers such as the European Unions, Japan and some developing countries say import taxes should be cut by some reasonable percentage based on the country. The United States and European Unions are under pressure to reach a farming agreement that other WTO members can support. The WTO is also divided on the issue of providing necessary drugs to poor countries.Exercise A: This news item is about a world trade organization meeting on reducing taxes and government aid for certain services.Exercise B: The trade ministers have been debating the issue of reducing import taxes and government aid for certain services, especially farming. Major agricultural exporters like the United States, Australia and Brazil want all import duties cut to an average of 25%. Importers such as the European Unions, Japan and some developing countriessay import taxes should be cut by some reasonable percentage based on the country.News Item 3 United Nation’s secretary General Kofi Annan has sharply criticized wealthy countries for their trade policy. His statements were read in a letter to delegates Wednesday at the World Trade Organization meeting in Cankon, Mexico. In the letter Mr Annan urged wealthy countries to lower trade barriers* and to approve new ways to develop the world for all countries. He said the delegates decision could make difference between life and death for millions of people. The meeting brings together representatives from almost 150 countries. The WTO delegates are expected to discuss agricultural, trade and other issues. The delegates hope the talk will lead to a trade agreement by the end of 2004. Protestors have demonstrated around the world against the five-day meeting.Exercise A: This news item is about the WTO meeting being held in Mexico.Exercise B: Directions: Listen to the news item again and answer the questions. 1. What has Mr Kofi Annan sharply criticized?Mr Kofi Annan has sharply criticized wealthy countries for their trade policy. 2. What did Mr Annan urge in the letter to delegates of WTO meeting?In the letter Mr Annan urged wealthy countries to lower trade barriers and to approve new ways to develop the world for all countries. 3. What are the WTO delegates expected to discuss? The WTO delegates are expected to discuss agricultural, trade and other issues. 4. What do the delegates hope? The delegates hope the talk will lead to a trade agreement by the end of 2004. 5. Are there any people who are against the meeting? Yes, protestors have demonstrated around the world against the five-day meeting.Section Three Oral WorkHow long can anyone live in Germany without a purchase of either a cold stein *of beer or a clock? It didn’t take long for the beer, but my search for just the right clock took a few years.In my search I found a cuckoo clock, an old French Tic-Tac clock, and a gold time piece giving the precise time anywhere in the world. Than came the grandmother clock with the lovely crystal panes*—but still no chiming grandfather clock.Suddenly I received a phone call from a friend. She knew a man whose mother had to move out of her home and furniture was being sold. She asked whether I was interested in a very old clock.I made the trip into the countryside and found a small German home with lovely flower gardens.The family greeted me as a long-lost friend. We had coffee and apple cakes andthen we headed for the attic. I knew the minute I saw him—the old grandfather. Surely he would be expensive!I said, “Yes!” We returned to our coffee and I asked the big question. “How much?” I paid 45 German Marks in cash, one large can of peaches, a pound of coffee, anda box of Lipton Tea.Section Four Supplementary ExercisesAn estimated 135 million people have low vision.40 to 50 million others cannot see at all. Healthy experts warm that the number of blind people will increase sharply as the world population grows, and grows older. They say the number of blind people could almost double by 2020.Yet the World Healthy Organization says that in eight out of ten cases, blindness can be cured or avoided. October the ninth was World Sight Day. A campaign called vision 2020 released* materials to help government and health workers develop national plans to prevent blindness.Vision 2020 is a joint effort of the WHO and International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness. The goal is to end prevention blindness by 2020. The campaign targets four main causes.Cataracts cause the lens of the eye to become cloudy. In most of Africa and Asia, cataracts cause at least half the cases of blindness that can be cured. A simple operation can remove cataracts*.Trachoma* is an infectious disease spread person-to-person and by insects. Trachoma causes about 15 percent of all cases of blindness. Most of the cases are in Africa. The disease can be treated with antibiotic medicines and an operation to correct the damage.The disease known as river blindness is also found mostly in Africa. Flies spread the infection. A yearly treatment of the drug Mectizan can control the disease.Finally, a lack of vitamin A as a result of poor nutrition is the leading cause of preventable blindness in children.Vision 2020 says that every five seconds another person in the world goes blind. Most blind people live in developing, nations. India has at least nine million. About six million are in China, and seven million in Africa. Officials estimate that the world economy loses about 28,000 million dollars each year from curable blindness.A resolution passed by the World Health Assembly in May urges all governments to develop national plans to prevent blindness.Exercise A: 1. The world Sight Day is on October the ninth. 2. The World Health Organization says in eight out of ten cases, blindness can becured or avoided. 3. A campaign called Vision 2020 aims at the prevention of blindness. 4. The blindness that can be cured or avoided mostly occurs in developing nations.Exercise B: 1. Name: CataractsTreatment: A simple operation can remove cataracts. 2. Name: TrachomaTreatment: Antibiotic medicines and an operation can correct the damage. 3. Name: River blindnessTreatment: The drug Mectizan can control the disease. 4. Malnutrition leads to a lack of vitamin A.Treatment: Food and medicine with ample vitamin A can cure the disease.Exercise C: Your opinion Directions: Listen to the passage again and give your opinion on the following topics. “Most blind people live in developing nations. About six million are in China.” 1. What part of area in China do you think most blind people live? 2. What suggestions could you put forward to prevent blindness?。