英语综合训练4

综合训练

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Outside the movie theater in virtually and American town in the late 1910s stood a life-size cardboard figure of Charlie Chaplin. He was pictured in baggy pants, a cutaway coat and vest, impossibly large, worn-out shoes and a battered hat.The advertisement would bear the inscription I AM HERE TODAY. An advertisement for a Charlie Chaplin film was a promise of happiness, of that valuable, almost shocking moment when art delivers what life cannot.

Eighty years later, Chaplin is still here. In a 1995 worldwide survey of film critics, Chaplin was voted the greatest actor in movie history. He was the first, and to date the last, person to control every aspect of the filmmaking process——founding his own studio,United Artists, with Douglas Fairbanks, Mary Pickford and D.W. Griffith, and producing, casting, directing, writing, scoring and editing the movies he starred in. In the first decades of the 20th century, when weekly movie-going was a national habit, Chaplin more or less invented global recognize ability and helped turn an industry into an art. In 1916, his third year in films, his salary of $10,000 a week made him the highest-paid actor-possibly the highest paid person——in the world. By 1920,“Chaplinitis”,accompanied by a flood of Chaplin dances, songs, dolls, comic books and cocktails, was rampant. Filmmaker Mack Sennett thought him “just the greatest artist who ever lived”. Other early admirers included George Bernard Shaw, Marcel Proust and Sigmund Freud. In 1923 Hart Crane, who wrote a poem about Chaplin, said his pantomime手势，哑剧“represents the hopeless gesture of the poet today”. Later, in the 1950s, Chaplin was one of the icons of the Beat Generation. Jack Kerouac went on the road because he too wanted to be a tramp. From 1981 to 1987, IBM used the tramp as the logo to advertise its venture into personal computers.

翻译:

在1910年代后期几乎和美国小镇电影院外面站着一个真人大小的纸板人物查利卓别林。他被拍到在宽松的裤子，剖外套和背心，不可能大，破旧的鞋子和一顶破旧的帽子。广告会承担我的今天。对于查利卓别林的电影广告是一个幸福的承诺，是有价值的，几乎令人震惊的时刻，艺术提供了什么样的生活不能。

八十年后，卓别林仍然在这里。在一个电影评论1995全球调查，卓别林被选为电影史上最伟大的演员。他是第一个，迄今为止，最后，个人控制电影制作的各个方面——成立自己的工作室，美国艺术家，以道格拉斯，玛丽璧克馥和D.W.格里菲思，制造，铸造，导演，写作，评分和编辑他所出演的电影。在第二十个世纪的前几十年，当每周的电影是一个国家的习惯，卓别林或多或少发明了全球识别能力和帮助一个行业成为一种艺术。1916，他在第三年的电影，他的工资是10000美元一个星期使他片酬最高的演员可能是工资最高的人——在这个世界上。1920，“chaplinitis”，伴随着大量的卓别林的舞蹈，歌曲，娃娃，漫画书和鸡尾酒，猖獗。导演马克·塞内特认为他“最伟大的艺术家谁住”。其他早期的崇拜者，包括萧伯纳，普鲁斯特和西格蒙德佛洛伊德。1923起重机，一个关于卓别林的诗是谁写的，他的哑剧手势说，哑剧”代表诗人的绝望的姿态今天”。后来，在上世纪50年代，卓别林是一个“垮掉的一代”的图标。杰克凯鲁亚克走在路上，因为他太想成为一个流浪汉。从1981到1987，IBM使用的流浪汉的标志宣传其进入个人电脑。

Lives like Chaplin’s are now being systematically studied by social scientists. They are finding that all children subjected to homelessness and sever stress don’t turn out the same way. While many become severely disturbed adults, others, like Chaplin, surprisingly turn out to be smart and resourceful.

As adults they may go on to lead paradoxically high-achieving and remarkable lives as valued members of society. Chaplin was such a person.

Chaplin’s first feature-length comedy and masterpiece, The Kid ( 1921 ), was a remarkable film in which the Little Tramp found, adopted and raised a lost child. While The Kid derived its immediate inspiration from 30-year-old Chaplin’s personal bereavement (his first-born son had died a few days after birth, only two and a half weeks before Chaplin began shooting the film), its twin themes of emotional loss and homelessness resonated with contemporary social concerns. On everyone’s minds were the displaced refugee children of World War I, as well as for those persons grieving for loved ones killed in that war.

And among intellectuals, Charlie’s cinematic lost child spoke to a lost generation. No movie maker and no other movie ( with the exception Griffith’s Birth of a Nation ) had done as much in one single stroke to earn instant recognition for the cinema as a legitimate art form.

During the worldwide economic crisis of the 1930s, Chaplin attempted to place the serious problems of society into a comic perspective through the running satiric commentary of Modern Times.

It was his next picture, The Great Dictator (1940), that got Chaplin into the political hot water that ultimately led to his being barred from the United States. While he was on a visit to England in 1952, his reentry permit would be revoked (撤回) as retribution for his so-called communist sympathies and moral character. It was an ironic twist that Chaplin himself had forecast in a famous gag (打诨) sequence in Modern Times.

翻译:

生活就像卓别林的现在被社会科学家系统研究。他们发现，所有的孩子都受到无家

可归和严重应激结果不一样。虽然许多成为严重干扰人，人，像卓别林，令人惊讶的是变得机敏。

作为成年人，他们可能会导致矛盾的是高成就和卓越的生活作为社会的重要成员。

卓别林是这样一个人。

卓别林的第一部长篇喜剧杰作（1921），是一个了不起的电影中的小流浪汉发现，收养了一个迷路的孩子。当孩子得到其直接的灵感来自于卓别林的个人丧岁（他的第一个出世的儿子只有两周半之前，卓别林开始拍摄电影出生后，过几天就死了），它的双主题情感损失和无家可归的共鸣与当代社会问题。在每个人的心中都流离失所的难民儿童的世界大战，以及对那些人的亲人在那场战争中死亡的悲伤。而在知识分子中，查利的电影失去了孩子，失去的一代说话。没有电影，没有其他的电影（除了格里菲思的一个国家的诞生）所做的一样，在一个单一的行程赚的电影作为一种真正的艺术形式瞬间识别。

上世纪30年代的世界经济危机期间，卓别林试图将社会的严重问题，变成了一种滑稽的角度通过运行讽刺评论现代倍。

这是他的下一个画面，大独裁者（1940），让卓别林为他最终LED被禁止参与美国政治的热水。当他在1952去英国访问，将吊销他的回乡证（撤回）作为他所谓的共产主义的同情和道德报应。这是一个讽刺，卓别林本人曾预测在一个著名的GAG（打诨）在现代时间序列。