第二部分必修三 Unit 3 Back to the past

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(一)基础单词(根据提示写出单词) 1．Water was pouring (涌出) out of the pipe. 2．The pictures in the museum show the ancient
civilization (文明) of Greece and Rome. 3．If she loses the court case, it will ruin (毁灭) her.
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18． wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的→ wealth n. 钱财，财富 19． cultural adj.文化的→ culturally adv. 文化上，人文地 → culture n. 文化 20． corrupt vt.使腐化，使堕落 adj.贪污的，腐败的
→ corruption n．贪污；受贿；腐败；堕落
写
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常考 pour, ruin, remains, declare, 单词 aware 常考短语
冷点词汇
take over, in memory of
①In less than 9 minutes, the ship sank with 1,177 men on board. ②When asked how a statue from
(仪式) and the
6．The robber f led upon grasping the money. 7．The year 2011 witnessed too many d isasters , such as earthquakes, floods.
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8．She is too poisonous now.She would like to have us all d estroyed . 9．A time bomb e xploded 20 minutes after the plane took off. 10．Most smokers are perfectly a ware of the harm of smoking.
6．This library was built in memory of the scientist.
7．I think I'm coming down with a cold. 8．If you really want to marry Mary, I'm not going to stand in your path .
(一)根据汉语提示写出短语 1．* take over 2． be buried alive 3． turn out 4．* break down
夺取；接管被活埋结果是，证明是毁掉；身体垮掉；
(谈判等)失败；分解
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5．* together with 6．* pour out 7．* focus on 8．* carry out 9.
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14． declare vt.宣布，宣称→ declaration n. 宣言；宣告 15． glory n. 辉煌，荣耀→ glorious adj.光荣的；荣耀的 16． poison n．毒药 vt.下毒→ poisonous adj.有毒的，有害的 17． volcano n．火山→ volcanic adj. 火山的
然而，当他的家庭产业在20世纪30年代初的经济大萧条时破产时，他经历了最为严重的金融困境。
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(1)be/lie in ruins
成为废墟；垮掉毁灭，灭亡；荒废毁灭
fall into ruin
come/go to ruin
bring sb. to ruin
be the ruin of (2)ruin one's hopes
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C：单项填空 ⑤She wrote him a long letter, A．to pour C．pouring her heart out. B．poured D．being poured
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解析：句意：她给他写了一封长信，倾吐心事。此处用现在分词形式作伴随状语。答案： C
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2．ruin n. [C ](pl.)废墟，遗迹；[U]毁坏，破坏 vt.毁坏；毁灭，使破产 ...the European explorer Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.(教材P43原句) „„欧洲探险家斯文· 海定发现了楼兰王国的遗迹。
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However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of
the early 1930s.(选自2011年高考山东卷· 阅读A)
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1．pour vi.涌流，倾泻 vt.倒出(液体)
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On 24 August AD79, the volcano erupted and lava, ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.(教材P42原句) 公元79年8月24日，.Now that we're finished, does anyone have any questions?
我既然恢复了健康，就可以工作了。 Now (that) I'm well again, I can go on with my work.
仿写
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2.In less than 9 minutes, the ship sank with 1,177 men on board.
使某人破产；使某人丧失地位
成为……毁灭(堕落)的原因使希望破灭
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The yard was very big, but after the fire it has fallen
into ruin.
这座院子过去很大，但是那次火灾过后就荒废了。 Years of fighting has left the area in ruins. 多年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。
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(二)重点单词 A:根据提示，写出下列单词的适当形式 11． erupt vi.(火山等)爆发→ eruption n. 爆发
12． decorate vt.装饰，装潢→ decoration n．装饰(品) 13． commercial adj.商业的，贸易的→ commerce n．商
业，贸易
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Thick black smoke was pouring out of the house. 黑色浓烟从屋内滚滚而出。
I was in the kitchen, pouring out drinks.
我在厨房里倒饮料。
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[多维演练] A．介、副词填空 ①The rain continued to pour down .
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4． Founded (兴建) in 1935, the high school in our village is one of the key schools in our county.
5．The times of the wedding ceremony
reception are both on the invitation.
与„„一起
涌出集中(精力)于实施；执行
on board 在船(飞机或火车)上
10．* in memory of 纪念
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11．* no doubt 无疑，确定 12． rise up against 起义，反抗 13．* stand in one's path 14．* come down with 阻碍(某人) 患(病)
2．It is hard for them to take over the post- Libya. war 3．When the film finished, the crowds began pouring out of
the cinema.
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4．Please focus on the following problems. 5．Many tests have been carried out on the patient.
②The government has poured millions into
education system.
the
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B．完成句子
③泪水沿着她的脸流淌下来。 Tears were pouring down her face. ④请帮我倒点水好吗？ Would you pour some water out for me, please?
喷涌而出覆盖了周围的村庄。
Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes.(选自2011年高考四川卷· 阅读A) 汗水沿着我的脸淌下来，流进了我的眼中。
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pour out of
涌出
pour into/in 涌入/涌进 pour ...into 把„„倒入；大量投资于 pour (down) (雨)倾盆而下 pour sth. out 倒入(装入另外一个容器)；倾诉
15.
have enough of
受够了„„，对„„感到厌烦
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(二)选用以上标有*的短语填空(其中有两个是多余的) 1．The famous singer donated five thousand schoolbags, together with three thousand books, to that primary school.
decorate, complain, expression, rise (up)

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江苏省常州市西夏墅中学高中英语 Unit3 Back to the past重点词汇讲解牛津译林版必修3

U3 重点词汇讲解1.destroy (destroyed, destroyed)v. 破坏注意该词与ruin, damage 等词的区别：destroy: 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。

ruin: 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性；也可用于引申意义，特指抽象意义中珍贵美好的事物。

如 ruin one’s future, ruin one’s career。

该词做名词时，注意下列搭配：fall into ruin (崩溃)，be in ruins (在废墟中)。

damage: 多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果，但仍可修复。

可用作名词，常用词组do/cause damage to。

例如：(1) The building was completely destroyed by the fire. 大火完全毁掉了这幢大楼。

(2) The repairman tried to repair the car which was damaged in an accident.修理工试图修复在事故中被损坏的车子。

(3) The earthquake did a lot of damage to t h e city. 地震对城市造成了巨大的损失。

(4) It rained for 3 days, which ruined my holiday. 雨下了三天，把我的假期毁掉了2. remains1) n. 剩余物(1) She fed the remains of her di nner to the cat. 她用剩余的饭菜喂猫。

同时，该词还能表示“遗址”和“遗体”。

例如：(2) The archeologist discovered the remains of an ancient culture.考古学家发现了一处古文明遗址。

(3) His remains were buried in Westminster. 他的遗体被安放在威斯敏斯特大教堂。

高中英语作业必修三：Unit《Backtothepast》八含答案译林版

课时作业(八)Word power & Grammar and usageⅠ.单词拼写1．The ________(极度的)heat almost drove me crazy.2．I believe you have a ________(抱怨)against one of our nurses.3．I have broken a ________(骨头)in my arm.4．She can find no ________(解决办法)to her trouble.5．We have no ________(历史的)evidence for it.6．The enemy ________(逃离)in disorder and they won the final victory.7．A large number of houses were burnt to ________(灰烬)，and the villagers suffered a great loss in the fire.8．He will graduate soon and is thinking of trying for a job in a research ________(研究院)．9．The 1987 hurricane was the worst natural ________(灾害)to hit England for decades.10．Jeremy hid his letter ________(在……之下)a pile of papers.Ⅱ.单项填空1．We received a number of ________ from customers about the lack of parking facilities.A．notices B．congratulationsC．complaints D．announcements2．The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since 1990.A．is B．areC．has been D．have been3．(2013·徐州高一检测)Our family ________ of 8 persons and all ________ sports.A．consists；enjoy B．consists；enjoysC．is consisted；enjoy D．consist；enjoys4．You simply can't imagine ________ difficulty I had getting to your house.A．how great B．what greatC．what a great D．how a great5．They use computers to keep the traffic ________ smoothly.A．being run B．runC．to run D．running6．—The driver is considered ________ the traffic rules.—Is that why the policeman is considering __________ him?A．to have disobeyed；to fineB．to have disobeyed；finingC．having disobeyed；to fineD．having disobeyed；fining7．It remains ________ whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.A．seen B．to be seenC．seeing D．to see8．Most of us know we should cut down on fat，but knowing this isn't of much help when it ________ shopping and eating.A．appeals to B．calls forC．focuses on D．comes to9．The urge to earn more money________ him mad and he went into a supermarket.A．forced B．hadC．caused D．drove10．—Could we see each other at 3 o'clock this afternoon?—Sorry，let's make it ________time.A．other's B．the otherC．another D．other11．(2013·福建高考)The famous musician，as well as his students，______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A．were invited B．was invitedC．have been invited D．has been invited12．(2013·湖南高考)The university estimates that living expenses for international students________around $8,450 a year, which________a burden for some of them.A．are; is B．are; areC．is; are D．is; is13．(2013·江苏高考)Generally，students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ______ essential to their development.A．is B．areC．was D．were14．(2013·北京高考)When we saw the road________with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.A．block B．to blockC．blocking D．blocked15．(2013·陕西高考)Let those in need________that we will go all out to help them.A．to understand B．understandC．understanding D．understoodⅢ.完形填空I stopped at a grocery store the other day.I was about to go on a long drive and I wanted to buy my favorite beverage(饮料)for the __1__.It wasn't the store I __2__ go to，just one I passed along the way.As I walked up to the entrance，I __3__ a man and a boy who was about 10 or 12 years old standing at the front of the store.__4__ walked past，as the man handed them half-sheets of white paper.I walked up to them with curiosity.As I got __5__，I saw that they had two carts starting to fill with __6__.I said hello and the man __7__ me and handed me one of the pieces of paper，explaining that they were __8__ donations for the local food pantry.__9__ the paper was a simple list of food items：peanut butter，noodles，pasta sauce and vegetables.It also included a short __10__ about the boy and his efforts to collect food donations since theage of 8.I was really touched that someone so __11__ would be so interested in helping others.I told him it was an awesome(令人敬畏的)idea and that he should be proud of himself.He just __12__；he was a little shy.Then，I __13__ into the store to get my drink.__14__，the store didn't have it.But，I wasn't upset，__15__ by then I felt I had another mission(使命)．I __16__ the store，picking things from the __17__，then brought them out to the boy and put them in the cart.I also gave the man the white __18__ back to reuse for another customer.As I walked back to my __19__，the boy's well-intentioned spirit stuck with me.How inspiring to __20__ a young boy with the determination to do good deeds，and the courage to act on it.1．A.school B．gameC．trip D．road2．ually B．hardlyC．never D．finally3．A.recognized B．helpedC．consulted D．noticed4．A.Workers B．CustomersC．Teachers D．Officers5．A.closer B．fartherC．deeper D．higher6．A.books B．flowersC．foods D．pictures7．A.praised B．greetedC．invited D．thanked8．A.choosing B．checkingC．covering D．collecting9．A.On B．NearC．Below D．Behind10．A.joke B．planC．story D．fact11．A.young B．strongC．clever D．handsome12．A.changed B．criedC．shouted D．smiled13．A.looked B．walkedC．jumped D．drove14．A.Unfortunately B．SurprisinglyC．Happily D．Generally15．A.whether B．thoughC．because D．until16．A.looked for B．went throughC．joined in D．set up17．A.book B．deskC．hole D．list18．A.paper B．cartC．shoes D．noodles19．A.shop B．carC．home D．company20．A.meet with B．stand forC．watch over D．rely onⅣ.阅读理解Drive-in movie theaters are considered an American invention.Drive-ins became very popular in the United States after World War Two.They combined two popular loves in America: cars and movies.The first drive-in movie theater opened in the United States in 1933.People could watch a film on the big screen while sitting in their car, eating，talking and relaxing.Many drive-in theaters opened in the 1950s, as the American economy expanded(发展)after the war and more people bought cars.In the 1960s，there were between 4,000 and 6,000 drive-in theaters in the United States.There wasn't reallytelevision at that point in all the homes.And so it was just sort of this thing that families did where they saw their neighbors, where they took their kids.But almost as soon as drive-ins were everywhere, their popularity began to fade.Today, fewer than 400 are still operating in the United States.So why did drive-ins lose their appeal (吸引力)?Some of the older theaters were dirty and the quality of the films declined.In the late 1960s, more people were buying color televisions.And more indoor theaters were opening with multiple choices of films.The 1970s and the 1980s brought video rentals (录影带租借) and cable TV with many choices of channels.Televisions made it easier and cheaper to stay at home for entertainment.Today，there are more choices and more ways than ever to experience entertainment.If you really want to watch a movie in your car，you could watch it on a DVD player or stream video on a mobile device.You don't have to go to a drive-in any more.In spite of that, some people still think drive-in movie theaters can still be an important focus in the cultural life of a community and they still go there.1．In the 1950s, what Americans were very interested in were ________.A．peace and relaxationB．houses and carsC．cars and movies.D．relaxation and culture2．After the war, many people bought cars ________.A．because they wanted to travelB．because cars were very cheapC．because they got richD．in order to see movies in drive-ins3．What influenced the drive-ins most according to the passage?A．Video rentals. B．Televisions.C．Car videos. D．The Internet.4．We can learn from the last paragraph that ________.A．some people still like to go to a drive-in to see movies B．drive-ins are getting more important in the community C．more people prefer going to the indoor theatres to drive-ins D．drive-ins are popular though there're more cho-ices for relaxing5．What is the BEST title of this passage?A．The history of televisionsB．The cultural life of a community in the USA C．Watching a film in a drive-in movie theater D．Different ways to experience entertainment课时作业(八)Ⅰ.1.extreme plaint 3.bone 4.solution 5.historical 6.fled7.ashes 8.institute9．disaster10.beneathⅡ.1.C句意：因缺少停车设施，我们接到了很多客户的投诉。

高中英语：Unit3 Back to the past教案(牛津译林版必修3)

Unit3 back to the past单元教案Lost civilizations 教学案例一、教学内容：教牛津高中英语必修模块三Unit 3二、课型：阅读课三、教学设计思路Lost civilizations 是一篇有关人类消失的文明的文章。

在教学的设计上，以人类文明这一主线把各项活动贯穿起来。

通过一系列的练习和活动逐步加深学生对文章的掌握和理解，并最终达到综合运用的目的。

笔者力求通过本课的教学使学生了解人类灿烂的古代文明。

引导学生形成珍爱和保护人类文化遗产的观念。

同时掌握阅读日记的技巧，及有关人类文化的相关词汇。

四、教学目标1〕解有关人类灿烂的古代文明，培养热爱人类文明，保护人类悠久文化的感情；2〕会描述历史及事实，会用英文表达情感；3〕使学生掌握阅读日记的技巧，提高阅读能力;4〕掌握有关人类文明的词汇。

五、教学重点、难点1〕培养学生阅读技巧，提高学生阅读能力;2〕培养学生英语语言的综合运用能力。

六、教学过程Step1. Lead-in1.Questions1) China has a long history, in the past thousands of years, Chinese people have built many magnificent structures. Can you name some buildings that could represent ancient civilizations in China?2) Around the world, people also built a lot of magnificent structures. Do you know about them?〔设计说明〕以问题导入，引导学生从熟知的中国文化谈起，并扩展到谈论世界文化，使学生易于接受。

2. Watch the pictures representing ancient civilizations. Introduce these pictures to the students.〔设计说明〕1〕面的内容相衔接。

译林版高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第三册 UNIT 3 Back to the past

8.generous atribution n.贡献;捐助 2.inspiration n.激励,鼓舞 3.conflict n.冲突 4.virtue n.美德;正直的品行
5.monument n.纪念碑;纪念物
高考主题高频短语
1.cultural development文化发展 2.own diverse cultures拥有多元文化 3.receive financial support获得财政支持 4.promote the communication促进交流 5.open one’s eyes to the world放眼望世界 6.be rich in natural resources自然资源丰富 7.sail across the Atlantic Ocean横渡大西洋
把某事当成……不予考虑接替某人担任理顺;整理;把……安排好直抒胸臆,畅所欲言家庭手工业缺乏
重点句型 1.句式凝练:动词-ing形式短语作结果状语 Zheng He’s efforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countries and regions, exposing foreign people to Chinese culture,and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands . 郑和的努力有助于发展和加强与这些国家和地区的和谐关系,让外国人了解中国文化,并让中国人更好地了解海外国家。
5. harmonious adj.友好和睦的;协调的,和谐的→ harmony n.和谐, 和睦,协调 6. prove v.证明是;被发现是→ proof n.证据,证明 7. acknowledge vt.承认(权威、地位);承认(属实);(公开)感谢 → acknowledgement n.承认;感谢 8. influence vt.影响;起作用 n.影响;作用→ influential adj.有很大影响力的,有支配力的 9. insist vi.& vt.坚决要求,坚持;坚持说→ insistent adj.坚持的;迫切的→ insistently adv.坚持地;强求地→ insistence n.坚持,强调;坚决主张

2020年苏教(译林版)高一英语必修三Unit 3 Back to the past

2020年苏教（译林版）高一英语必修三Unit 3 Back to the past参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共20小题，满分48分，每小题2.4分）1．﹣Are you satisfied with the trip to Qingdao？﹣Not a little．It couldn't be better．（）A．three day B．three﹣day C．three days D．three﹣days 【分析】﹣﹣你对这次去青岛的三日游满意吗？﹣﹣非常满意．那是再好不过了．【解答】答案：B．考查复合形容词，表示"三天的"其结构为"基数词+名词单数"，也可以用基数词+名词复数的名词所有格，所以B项正确．【点评】本题考查复合形容词，需要记牢复合形容词的构成规律．在做题时，将词义和题干相结合，从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断，句意通顺，符合逻辑，即正确答案．2．Those who were present at the meeting all elected him ________ of the board．（）A．to be chairman B．chairmanC．the chairman D．to be the chairman【分析】那些出席会议的人都选举他作为委员会的主席．【解答】答案：：B．从结构上看，此处缺少宾语补足语，elect sb sb；而当表示官衔、职位的名词充当宾语补足语、表语及同位语时，要省略冠词．故选B项．【点评】本题考查冠词的用法，冠词的基本用法是看这个名词是泛指还是特指，有的冠词是用于一些固定搭配，平常要注意积累．3．They said ________ they wanted to get to the airport on time．（）A．what B．why C．whom D．that【分析】他们说他们想要按时到达机场．【解答】根据句意和句式结构可知said后为宾语从句，且从句中不缺少成分．使用that 引导宾语从句，起着连接作用，不作成分，可以省略．故选：D．【点评】本题考查名词性从句，首先判断属于哪种名词性从句，再判断从句缺少什么成分，如果缺少主宾表，用what，不缺少成分和意思用that，缺少疑问词根据句意判断．4．At the back of the old temple ________ twelve huge stone statues together with________ pagoda．（）A．does stand，a 8﹣storeyedB．do stand，a 8﹣storyC．stands，an 8﹣storeyD．stand，an 8﹣storey【分析】在古庙的后面有12个巨大的石像，还有一个八层高的佛塔．【解答】答案：D考查倒装句．At the back of the old temple，是介词短语，介词短语放在句首时，句子要用完全倒装，排除A，B；且主语twelve huge stone statues是复数形式，所以谓语动词不用第三人称单数形式，排除C；an 8﹣storied是复合形容词，意为"8层的"，修饰名词．故选D．【点评】考查倒装句，弄清楚各种倒装结构的构成，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意选择最合适的选项．5．Those who let children who are _____ go swimming in the river are foolish．（）A．so young B．too young toC．not old enough to D．young enough【分析】句意：那些让这么小的孩子在河里游泳的人是愚蠢的．【解答】答案：A．so young 考查形容词的排序．根据题干此处表达的意思是：那些让这么小的孩子在河里游泳的人是愚蠢的．Those who let children go swimming in the river are foolish．是主干，who are too young是children的定语．其中"so young"译为：如此年轻；B项：sb．be too young to 译为：某人太年轻而不能做…其他选项均不正确，故选A．【点评】考查形容词填空．准确的翻译句意及分析句子结构、时态、固定搭配等是关键，然后用合适的形式完成句子．6．I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast．（）A．to wind B．wind C．winding D．wound【分析】句意：我一抬头看见一条蛇正在蜿蜒前行去抓自己的早餐．【解答】答案 C 此处是"notice sb．/sth．doing sth．"，看见某人/物正在做某事．因为snake和wind之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补．所以选C项．【点评】考查现在分词作宾补的用法．主要看宾语与分词之间是主动还是被动关系．主动关系就用现在分词；被动关系就用过去分词．7．﹣Could I use your computer for a few moments，please？﹣．I'm not using it myself．（）A．Come on B．It dependsC．Go ahead D．That's great【分析】﹣﹣我能用一会你的电脑吗？﹣﹣去用吧，这会我没用．【解答】答案：C解析：A：加油；得了吧（表示不相信对方所说的话）；B：看情况；C：去吧（去做你想做的事情吧）；D：很棒．根据句意"去用吧，这会我没用"及所给选项分析可知，本题答案为C选项；其余选项均不符合题意．故选：C．【点评】本题考查语言交际，做此类题目时一定要清楚各个选项的含义及用法；再结合句意及其它要求确定最终答案．8．She devoted herself ______ to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field．（）A．strongly B．extremely C．entirely D．freely【分析】她把自己完全投入到了她的研究工作中，这使得她在这个领域获得了很好的名声．【解答】答案：CA．strongly 强有力地；B．extremely 极端地；C．entirely 完全地，全部地；D．freely 自由地；此处用来修饰动词devoted，根据她的研究工作使得她在这个领域获得了很好的名声，可知：她应是完全地投入到了其中，故选：C．【点评】本题考查了副词的词义辨析；做本题时，首先应熟练掌握各副词的词义及用法；其次结合句子所表达的意思，进行逻辑推理；从而选出正确的答案．9．﹣Do you think you will be able to finish your writing by five o'clock today？﹣﹣__________．I'll be busy with experiments all day．（）A．Not a little B．Not yetC．Not a big deal D．Not a chance【分析】﹣﹣你认为你在5点以前能够完成写作吗？﹣﹣不可能，我一整天将都在忙试验．【解答】答案：D．考查语言交际．Not a little许多；Not yet尚未，还没有；Not a big deal没什么大不了的事；Not a chance不可能．根据句意，B项正确．故选：D．【点评】语言交际是灵活多变的，要注意根据语言环境具体问题具体分析．要做好这类题，需从以下三个方面着手：1．仔细审题，明确大意：首先要仔细审题，即在对话不完整的情况下，尽量弄懂该篇对话的大意和情景（如购物、看病、问路和应答、约会、口语应用等）．2．分析对话，试填答案：在解题过程中，要根据具体语境和上下文，分析对话中所缺部分、判断所缺的句子．3．全文复读，融会贯通：在试填好答案之后，应从头至尾再把对话读一遍，按照对话情境，中心内容，推理判断．10．You will find this map of great in helping you get round London．（）A．price B．cost C．value D．usefulness 【分析】你会觉得这张地图对你游览伦敦大有用途．【解答】答案：C．考查名词词义辨析．（be） of后接抽象名词，可用其同根形容词替换．be of great value＝be greatly valuable．price价格；cost成本；value有用，有价值；usefulness有用．故选：C．【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析，考生在平时的学习中应注意积累相应的词汇和搭配，并牢记其意思．在做题时，将词义和题干相结合，从语法、句子结构尤其是句意上去判断，句意通顺，符合逻辑，即正确答案．11．The company was named Gates Hall ______ a man named James Gates．（）A．in need of B．in search ofC．with the help of D．in memory of【分析】这个公司被命名为盖茨馆是为了纪念一位名叫詹姆斯•盖茨的人．【解答】答案是D．考查词组的辨析．A 需要；B 寻找；C 在…的帮助下；D 为了纪念．句意是：这个公司被命名为盖茨馆是为了纪念一位名叫詹姆斯•盖茨的人．故选D．【点评】解答此类问题首先需要理解每个选项的基本含义，并注意交叉含义间的区别，了解其特殊用法及习惯搭配等特点，然后结合语境选择正确答案．12．﹣﹣﹣I told you that he would come to see you．﹣﹣﹣Actually I had little doubt ___________ it was true．（）A．since B．if C．whether D．that【分析】﹣﹣我告诉了你他会来看你．﹣﹣事实上我不怀疑它是真的．【解答】答案：D，考查名词性从句的引导词，little doubt"不怀疑"，表达否定意义，因此引导同位语从句要使用that，whether，if"是否"，则用于肯定意义的句中，since"自从，由于"不用来引导doubt的同位语从句故选：D．【点评】考查名词性从句的引导词，要区分各个连词的用法．13．﹣Why do you look worried？﹣There are so many problems__________．（）A．remaining to settleB．remained settlingC．remaining to be settledD．remained to be settled【分析】﹣﹣﹣你为什么看上去焦虑？﹣﹣﹣因为有许多有待解决的问题．【解答】答案C．分析句子结构可知，横线处为后置定语修饰名词"many problems"，根据固定用法"sth remains to be done 某事有待去解决"，此结构中"remain"为不及物动词，因此应该用现在分词"remaining"短语多后置定语，C项符合语境，故选：C．【点评】remain一词，用法较为复杂，将remain的用法归纳如下：一、用作联系动词，指某人或某事物仍保持某种状态，意为"仍然；依旧"，"留；呆；住；待"，后面可接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、分词作表语．1．接名词作表语It remained a secret．这仍然是个秘密．2．接形容词作表语Whatever achievements you've made，you should remain modest．无论你取得多么大的成就，你都该保持谦虚．3．接介词短语作表语He had to remain in hospital until he was better．他不得不一直住院直到身体好些．4．接分词作表语接过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的被动动作；现在分词作表语，表示正在进行的主动动作．The guests came in，but she remained sitting at the desk reading．客人们都来了，但她还坐在写字台旁读书．As before，he remained unmoved．他和以往一样无动于衷．二、用作不及物动词，意思是"剩下；剩余；遗留"，此时不能用进行时态，也没有被动语态．After the fire，very little remained of his house．火灾过后，他的家所剩无几．三、指某事"尚待、有待于以后被处置"，后面常接不定式的被动形式，表示主语是不定式的承受者．Many problems remain to be solved．有好多问题尚待解决．四、remain作名词remain作名词时表示"剩余物"，一般用其复数形式．例如：The archeologists found some remains of the Song Dynasty．考古学家发现了一些宋代遗迹．五、remaining的用法remaining是形容词，意为"剩余的"，常作前置定语；而left则只能作后置定语．例如：There are still some apples left．还剩余一些苹果．I bought a gift for her with the remaining money．我用剩余的钱给她买了一件礼物．14．The number of people in the party _____fifty，but a number of them ____ absent for different reasons．（）A．were； was B．was； was C．was； were D．were； were 【分析】参加聚会人的数量有50个，但很多人由于各种原因都迟到了．【解答】答案：C分析句意，the number of 做主语时，谓语需用单数，表示…的数量；a number of 做主语时，谓语需用复数，意思是大量的，两个短语都需加可数名词的复数形式；另外，be absent意思是缺席．【点评】考生需掌握the number of 做主语时，谓语需用单数，表示…的数量；a number of 做主语时，谓语需用复数，意思是大量的．15．I'll never forget the years______I lived in the country with the farmers，______ has a great effect on my life．（）A．that；which B．when；which C．which；that D．when；who【分析】我永远不会忘记我和农民在乡下生活的那些年，它对我的一生都有重要影响．【解答】答案：B句中I lived in the country with the farmers修饰名词years，是一个定语从句；从句结构完整，要用关系副词；先行词years指时间，要用when来引导；has a great effect on my life修饰前面句子的内容，是一个非限制性定语从句；从句缺少主语，谓语动词是has是单数，说明先行词是前面的句子内容，不是farmers，要用which来引导．故选B．【点评】定语从句是用来修饰名词的形容词性从句，相当于一个形容词．连接定语从句的引导词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在从句中要作主语或宾语；关系副词在从句中作状语．这也是选择关系词的一个判断方法．16．﹣﹣﹣What do you think of our town？﹣﹣﹣________ different it is today from ________ it used to be!（）A．How； what B．What； what C．How； that D．What； that 【分析】﹣﹣﹣你觉得我们镇怎么样﹣﹣﹣今天和过去有多么大的不同啊！【解答】考查感叹句．答句句意：how后接形容词，引导感叹句；what引导宾语从句，在从句中作表语，不可用that．故选：A．【点评】由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：1．可用句型：" What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！"．2．可用句型：" What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！"．3．可用句型：" What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！"．二、由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：1．可用句型：" How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语！"．2．可用句型：" How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+主语+谓语！"．3．可用句型：" How +主语+谓语！"．17．________ go with him there？（）A．Who do you suggestB．Who do you suggest that shouldC．Do you suggest who shouldD．Do you suggest whom should【分析】你建议谁应该和他一起去那里？【解答】考查名词性从句．句意：do you suggest在本句中作插入语，将其去掉之后，该句应用陈述语序．故选：A．【点评】英语句子中（尤其在口语中）常插入一些单词、短语或者句子，用来补充某些含义．18．﹣﹣﹣What caused the fire？﹣﹣﹣ _______．（）A．Because of a cigarette endB．cigarette end causedC．A cigarette endD．Because a cigarette did【分析】是什么引起的火灾？一个烟头．【解答】答案：C．考查交际用语．根据问句，可见回答的是问句的主语what在问句中做主语，a cigarette end可以做主语．A，D是原因状语；B句子不完整．故选：C．【点评】交际用语的考查也是英语考试的重点，做此类题型首先要理解各个选项中句子的含义，然后结合具体语境选择符合逻辑关系答语．平时应注意积累各种习惯用语，了解英美文化的区别，尤其注意不能以中式思维思考英语问题．平时应加强英语阅读，增强语感，多了解一些英语文化方面的知识．19．She was so angry that she kicked a chair and broke one of its legs，________was rather surprising．（）A．what B．it C．that D．which【分析】她非常生气，踢了一把椅子，摔断了一条椅子腿，这很让人吃惊．【解答】答案D考查定语从句，本句是一个非限制性定语从句，四个选项中只有D项能引导非限制性定语从句，which代表前面整句话的内容．所以答案选D．【点评】定语从句又称为形容词性从句，综观历年高考试题，我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点，解定语从句的题目首先要知道哪一句是主句，哪一句是从句，被修饰的词是谁，从句中的句子成分缺失什么，根据缺失成分的不同从而选出相对应的关系代词或者关系副词，从而选出正确的答案，解题的关键是从句句子的成分分析．20．The noise from the top floor，loud and constant，of the meeting﹣room can be clearly heard in our classroom．（）A．being decoratedB．having been decoratedC．to be decoratedD．decorated【分析】噪音来自于顶楼的正在装修的会议室，声音大且持久，在我们教室里听得很清楚．【解答】考查现在分词的被动式．meeting﹣room和decorate之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词．being decorated表示正在被装修，符合句意．having been decorated/decorated表示已装修完；to be decorated表示将来．根据can be clearly heard in our classroom可知A项正确．故选：A．【点评】非谓语动词中的现在分词主要起形容词和副词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、补语或状语，弄清楚现在分词的构成，时态与语态，然后根据题意及上下文选择最合适的答案．二．填空题（共10小题，满分24分，每小题2.4分）21．Sven found the remains of buildings buried beneath the sand，togetherwith a lot of treasures，including coins，painted pots，material such as silk，documents and wall paintings．【分析】斯文发现了埋在沙子下面的建筑物的遗骸，还有许多宝藏，包括硬币、彩绘壶、丝绸、文件和壁画等材料．【解答】答案：of；beneath；with．根据句意可知第一空填of；remains of…的废墟；第二空填beneath在…下面；第三空用together with和…一起．故填of；beneath；with．【点评】本题考查介词填空，首先了解句意，判断和哪个词构成了短语，再结合固定短语的搭配填空．22．Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2，000years ago．【分析】今天，我亲眼看到了2000 年前保存下来的古罗马城市﹣﹣﹣庞贝．【解答】答案：of；as．考查单词填空．第一空：of意为"表示总类与下属事物的关系"；第二空：as it was意为"照原来的样子"．【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．23．explode （vi．）爆炸→explosion （n．）爆炸．【分析】explode 动词，爆炸→explosion名词，爆炸【解答】答案：explode；explosion．根据汉语提示，可知第一空填动词"爆炸"，第二空填名词"爆炸"，故填explode；explosion．例如：The enemy exploded the bridge．敌人将桥炸了．A long time after the explosion，the town returned to normal．爆炸很长时间后，这个镇才恢复正常．【点评】本题考查单词填空，根据给出的词性和词义，要学会使用它们．24．decorate （v．）装饰；装修→decoration （n．）装饰；装修．【分析】装饰；装修【解答】答案：decorate；decoration．考查单词、词组．例如：We decorated the house for Christmas．我们装饰房屋过圣诞节．A lot of money has been allotted to the decoration．装饰花了很多钱．【点评】考查单词、词组，要熟记单词、词组拼写，弄清楚相近单词、词组词义的区别，然后正确写出单词、词组．25．Near the city was a volcano．翻译：离城市不远处有一座火山．仿写：在湖的中央有一座小岛．In the middle of the lake is an island．．【分析】离城市不远处有一座火山．在湖的中央有一座小岛．【解答】翻译：离城市不远处有一座火山．根据结构可知这句话使用倒装句，将表语Near the city 提前，句子用完全倒装，be动词was放在主语前面．仿写：In the middle of the lake is an island．根据句意和例句可知这句话可以使用倒装句，表语in the middle of the lake置于句首，句子用完全倒装，be动词is 放在主语前面．【点评】本题考查仿写句子，根据句意和例句，找到需要使用的词汇或句型，注意时态和语态的使用．26．Large quantities of water are needed （need） for irrigation．【分析】需要大量的水用于灌溉．【解答】答案：are needed．考查单词填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入动词，主语Large quantities of water与need之间是动宾关系，且表示一般事实，要用一般现在时被动语态的复数形式．quantities of后面不管加可数还是不可数名词，统统用复数谓语动词．【点评】考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．27．The earthquake left the whole city in r uins ．【分析】地震使整个城市沦为一片废墟．【解答】ruins，考查固定搭配，表示"一片废墟"使用短语in ruins，此处介词短语在句中充当宾语补足语．【点评】对于根据首字母填空这种题，要分析句子意思，再从结构上和意义上对答案进行确定．28．educate v．educated adj．education n．【分析】educate形容词是educated"受过教育的"；名词是education"教育"【解答】答案：educated﹣﹣﹣﹣education．根据要求可知educate的形容词是educated"受过教育的"；名词是education"教育"，例如：He is an educated person and he received higher education．他是一个受过教育的人，他受到过高等教育．故填educated；education．【点评】本题考查词性转换，根据要求变换词性，并学会使用它们．29．All the towns were in ruins （废墟） after the earthquake．【分析】地震过后整个镇子成为了废墟．【解答】答案：ruins．考查翻译填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入ruins，in ruins 意为"严重受损，破败不堪"．【点评】考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．30．Judging （judge） from her accent，she must be from Sichuan．【分析】从她的口音判断，她肯定来自四川．【解答】答案是Judging．本题考查动词的适当形式；Judging by/from根据…判断，用现在分词做独立成分，不需要考虑与句子主语之间的关系；故答案是Judging．【点评】本题是要求用所给动词的适当形式填空，解题时首先考虑句中需要的是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；其次，如果是谓语动词关注时态、语态和数的变化；如果是非谓语动词要联系非谓语的基本用法判断非谓语的形式．三．完形填空（共3小题，满分7.2分，每小题2.4分）31．Recently，I flew to Las Vegas to attend a meeting．As we were about to arrive，the pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight（36） B before setting down．High desert winds had（37） A the airport to close all but one runway．He said that we would be（38） C the city for a few minutes waiting to（39） D ．We were also told to remain in our seats meanwhile with our seat belts fastened（40） C there might be a few bumps（颠簸）．Well，that few minutes turned into about four five minutes，including a ride that would make a roller coaster（过山车）（41） B by comparison．The movement was so fierce that several passengers felt（42） A and had to use airsickness bags．As you might guess，that's not a good thing to have happen in a（n）（43） B space because it only （44） D to increase the discomfort of the situation．About twenty minutes into the adventure，the entire airplane became very（45） A ．There was now a senseof anxiety and fear that could be（46） D noticed．Every passenger simply held on for dear life…except one．A（47） B was having a good time!With each bump of the（48） D ，he would let out a giggle（咯咯的笑）of delight．As I observed this，I（49） A that he didn't know he was supposed to be afraid and worried about his（50） B ．He neither thought about the past nor about the future．Those are what we grownups have learned from（51） C ．He was（52） D the ride because had not yet been taught to fear it．Having understood this，I took a deep breath and（53） A back into my seat，pretending I was（54） C on a roller coaster．I smiled for the rest of the flight．I even（55） B to giggle once or twice，much to the chagrin（懊恼）of the man sitting next to me holding the airsickness bag．36．A．mistake B．delay C．change D．wind 37．A．forced B．warned C．swept D．reminded 38．A．watching B．visiting C．circling D．crossing 39．A．arrive B．enter C．stop D．land40．A．if B．though C．because D．while 41．A．light B．pale C．easy D．quick 42．A．sick B．nervous C．angry D．afraid 43．A．empty B．narrow C．secret D．open 44．A．happens B．continues C．fails D．serves 45．A．quiet B．hot C．dirty D．crowded 46．A．partly B．gradually C．shortly D．clearly 47．A．pilot B．baby C．guard D．man 48．A．seats B．passengers C．flight D．airplane 49．A．realized B．hoped C．agreed D．insisted 50．A．health B．safety C．joy D．future 51．A．teachers B．books C．experience D．practice52．A．learning B．taking C．missing D．enjoying 53．A．sat B．lay C．went D．rode 54．A．nearly B．finally C．really D．suddenly 55．A．attempted B．managed C．wanted D．decided【分析】本文是记叙文，文章主要讲述了"我"乘飞机旅行途中，飞机上的乘客因为偶发事件在为安全担心，而一个婴儿却把飞机的颠簸当成了一种享受．作者由此产生感慨：安然对待生活中遇到的事情．【解答】BACDC BABDA DBDAB CDACB36．B 考查名词词义辨析．根据后面的内容"机场只开放一个跑道"及"我们要等一会儿才能着陆"可知我们的飞机降落要被"耽搁"一会儿了．37．A 考查动词词义辨析．大风迫使机场只开放一个跑道．warn警告，告诫； sweep扫，横扫； remind提醒．38．C 考查动词词义辨析．飞机不能马上降落，会环绕城市飞行几分钟等待降落．watch 观察，注视； visit参观，拜访； circle环绕；cross穿过．39．D 考查动词词义辨析．飞机围绕城市盘旋的目的是为了等待着陆（land）．其他三项不符合句意．40．C 考查连词词义辨析．我们也被告知在座位上坐好的同时系好安全带，因为飞机可能会颠簸．前后句是因果关系．41．B 考查形容词词义辨析．此句拟人化，飞机这次颠簸的程度会让过山车色变，说明飞机颠簸得非常厉害．42．A 考查形容词词义辨析．根据空格后面的had to use airsickness bags可知乘客感到恶心想呕吐．43．B 考查形容词词义辨析．根据空格前面not a good thing可推断出使用narrow表示飞机上的空间狭小．empty空的；secret秘密；open开放的，敞开的．44．D 考查动词词义辨析．happen to碰巧；continue to持续，继续；fail to未做某事；serve to产生某种结果．根据句意D正确．45．A 考查形容词词义辨析．此处使用quiet表示飞机上乘客们的担心害怕的情绪．46．D 考查副词词义辨析．乘客们的担忧与恐惧的情绪可以很清楚地看出．path部分地；gradually逐渐地；shortly很快，不久；clearly清楚地，明显地．47．B 考查名词词义辨析．大人都知道恐惧、害怕，但小孩子（baby）天真幼稚．根据后面"let out a giggle"可知，应该选择B项．48．D 考查名词词义辨析．随着飞机的每一次颠簸，婴儿会咯咯地笑．49．A 考查动词词义辨析．我观察婴儿的反应，意识到他还不懂得应该为自己的安全担忧害怕．50．B 考查名词词义辨析．人们之所以恐惧，说到底就是恐怕丢掉性命，而孩子却不知道这些．所以此处选择safety（安全）．51．C 考查名词词义辨析．成人是通过经验知道为自己的安全担忧害怕，婴儿是不会为过去好未来担忧的．52．D 考查动词词义辨析．上文提到飞机颠簸时婴儿在咯咯地笑，表明他很喜欢这样的旅程，他在享受．53．A 考查动词词义辨析．"我"的情绪由紧张害怕到放松，又坐回了座位．第一段中提到我们也被告知在座位上坐好的同时系好安全带，所以不可能离开座位，C项被排除；B 项意为"躺下"；D项意为"骑"，都不符合句意．54．C 考查副词词义辨析．由前面的"pretending"可知，作者假装"真地"（really）是在坐过山车；故选C．55．B 考查动词词义辨析．attempt to do 尽力去做；manage to do成功做到；want to do想去做；decide to do 决定去做．根据上下文，"我"也像那个婴儿一样笑了，故选B 【点评】完型填空题的命题趋势解题步骤：1．通读全文，理解大意．重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础．2．瞻前顾后，避难就易．在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题．对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗．3．复读全文，解决残敌．借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题．4．再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯．。

Unit 3 Back to the past Reading词汇详解课件-高中英语选择性必修第三册

vi.装载 We shed loading and set off. 我们装完货物就出发了。
unload vt./vi.卸，取下,卸货
7 . load n.
[ C] 负载；负荷; 装载量 The plane took off with a full load. 飞机满载起飞。
大量；许多 a load of/ loads of... 澳大利亚有很多值得一看的好地方。 There are loads of great places to see in Australia.
world.
普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。
（公开）感谢
I gratefully acknowledge financial support from
several local businesses.
我对本地几家企业的资助表示感谢。
14. acknowledge
小试牛刀
1. He is acknowledged __t_o_b_e___ one of the greatest pianists.
友好和睦的；和谐的; 谐调的 harmony n. be in harmony with...
12 . dismiss vt.
不予考虑；对…不屑一提 He dismissed the opinion polls as worthless. 他认为民意测验毫无用处而不予考虑。去除，消除，摒除（思想、感情等）
On behalf of the department I would like to thank you all. 我谨代表本部门感谢大家。
7 . load v.
vt. （把大量…）装上，装入 load sth. up load sth. up with sth. load sth./sb. into/onto sth.

牛津译林版高中英语必修三Unit 3《Back to the past》同步练测

Unit 3 Back to the past Welcome to the unit & Readingindoors by the heavy rain, Lloyd felt the days 7 、To keep the boy happy, Robert asked the boy to do some 8 、One morning, the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island、 Robert 9 that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of 10 、“What’s that？”he asked、“That's the 11 treasure，”said the boy、 Robert suddenly 12 something of an adventure story in the boy’s 13、While the rain was pouring， Robert sat down by the fire to write a story、 He would make the 14 a twelve-year-old boy, just like Lloyd、 But who would be the pirate（海盗）？Robert had a good friend named Henley, who walked around with the 15 of a wooden leg、Robert had always wanted to 16 such a man in a story、 17 Long John Silver, the pirate with a wooden leg, was 18、So， thanks to a 19 Sep tember in Scotland， a friend with a wooden leg， and the imagination of a twelve-year-old boy， we have one of the greatest 20 stories in the English language、1、 A、 However B、 ThereforeC、 BesidesD、 Finally2、 A、 alone B、 next doorC、 at homeD、 abroad3、 A、 meeting B、 storyC、 holidayD、 job4、 A、 Lloyd B、 RobertC、 HenleyD、 John5、 A、 talk B、 restC、 walkD、 game6、 A、 attempting B、 missingC、 planningD、 enjoying7、 A、 quiet B、 dullC、 busyD、 cold8、 A、 cleaning B、 writingC、 drawingD、 exercising9、 A、 doubted B、 noticedC、 decidedD、 recognized10、 A、 the sea B、 the houseC、 ScotlandD、 the island11、 A、 forgotten B、 buriedC、 discoveredD、 unexpected12、 A、 saw B、 drewC、 madeD、 learned13、 A、 book B、 replyC、 pictureD、 mind14、 A、 star B、 heroC、 writerD、 child15、 A、 help B、 problemC、 useD、 bottom16、 A、 praise B、 produceC、 includeD、 accept17、 A、 Yet B、 AlsoC、 ButD、 Thus18、 A、 read B、 bornC、 hiredD、 written19、 A、 rainy B、 sunnyC、 coolD、 windy20、 A、 news B、 loveC、 humorousD、 adventure IV.阅读理解（共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)A part-time job can build kids’ skills，make good use of their spare time, and fill their pockets、 But before your teen goes to work， here's what you need to know to avoid any accidents、Do your homework、 Before your teen says “yes” to a job， find out as much as you can about the possible employer and the workplace、For example, if it’s a restaurant， shop in for dinner or lunch, and if it's a supermarket, shop there sometimes、 Take note of how the manager treats the employees and whether safety measures （安全措施) are being followed、Know the laws、 Explain laws to your teen so he/she will know if he/she is asked to do anything unsuitable (like working beyond allowed hours）、Go to youthrules、 dol、gov/states、htm for more information、Set up your own rules、 Don’t just rely on the law、 You may need to be stricter、 Even if it's legal for your teen to work until 7 p、m、 on a school night, for example, you may want him/her home by 6 p、m、, so he/she is notdriving after dark、、Your teen may not tell you how things are going—you’ll have to pull it out of him/her、“How was work today？”is likely to produce a meaningless answer “Fine、”Instead， ask, “Does the mana ger ever ask you to work after you clock out？”Or,“How closely does your manager watch to make sure you do things the right way？”You need to know whether a kid who was hired to do something innocuous has been asked to do something risky、 Sad stories are often heard from parents who say,“When my teen got this job, she was hired as an assistant waiter、 I didn't know they’d put her in the back usinga slicing machine (切片机)”、1、 For whom is the text mainly written?A、 Students、B、 Lawyers、C、 Parents、D、Teachers、2、 Before teens decide to work somewhere，it is necessary for parents to 、A、 learn how to take safety measuresB、 do some research about the right job for themC、make sure they have finished their homeworkD、 develop a friendly relationship with the employer3、Which of the following is the most suitable one to fill in the blank?A、 Ask leading questionsB、 Follow your teensC、 Talk with bossesD、 Know what the job is4、 The un derlined word “innocuous” in the last paragraph means “”、A、 safeB、 tiringC、 interestingD、 difficult5、 What is the text mainly about?A、 Relations between parents and kids、B、 Laws protecting teenager laborers、C、 How to choose a part-time job、D、 How to keep teens safe at work、答案与解析I、 1、D 本题考查动词词义辨析。

新教材高中英语Unit3Backtothepast素养培优练一牛津译林版选择性必修第三册

素养培优练（一）Ⅰ. 阅读理解ADogs can smell fear, but can they smell out the truth? It turns out, dogs are pretty good at picking up on human behavior. A team led by Akiko Takaoka of Kyoto University in Japan conducted a study which found out that dogs actually know if you're to be believed or not.The study involved tricking dogs in the name of science. Humans have known for a long time that if you point at an object, a dog will run to it. Researchers applied this information in their study. During the experiment, they pointed at a container that was filled with hidden food. Sure enough, the dogs ran towards the container. Then, they pointed at a container that was empty. The dogs ran towards it, but found that it had no food. The third time the researchers pointed at a container with food, the dogs refused to go there. They knew the person pointing wasn't reliable based on their previous experience. 36 dogs were used in the experiment, and every single dog wouldn't go towards the container the third time. This experiment proves that dogs can spot a liar or that dogs have major trust issues.In other words, if you lie to your dog, your dog forms the opinion that your words aren't good and will behave accordingly. “Dogs have more complex social intelligence than we thought. This social intelligence evolved selectively in their long life history with humans, ” said Takaoka, who was also surprised that dogs were quick when they “devalued the reliability of a human”.John Bradshaw of the University of Bristol in the UK, who wasn't involved in this study, says that the results indicate that dogs prefer predictability. When gestures are inconsistent, dogs tend to become nervous and stressed. The researchers plan to repeat the experiment with wolves to look into the “effects of domestication” on dogs.1. What does Takaoka's study focus on?A. Dogs' relationship with humans.B. Dogs' reaction when cheated.C. Whether dogs can recognize lies.D. Whether dogs can smell fear.2. What can we learn about the study from Paragraph 2?A. 12 dogs were tested each time.B. Researchers took advantage of dogs' habits.C. The same container was used in the three stages.D. Dogs were trained to smell out food before the experiment.3. What do Takaoka's words in Paragraph 3 imply about dogs?A. They are more intelligent than humans.B. They used to devalue humans' reliability.C. They have evolved high social intelligence.D. They react quickly to humans' gestures.4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Wolves tend to get used to inconsistency.B. Wolves can be domesticated like dogs.C. Dogs are good at predicting human behavior.D. Dogs are easily influenced by changes.BLos Angeles native Randall Bartlett sat under the rooftop of a traditional Chinese scholar's studio, occasionally turning a page of his book. The scene was in the reopened Liu Fang Yuan garden at the Huntington Library, Art Museum and Botanical Gardens. For him, the garden brings to life the Chinese philosophies he learned from books.Phillip E. Bloom, director of the Center for East Asian Garden Studies, said the idea for Liu Fang Yuan goes back to the 1980s with the initial aim of creating a collection of Chinese plants, but after research, they realized plants alone were not sufficient to demonstrate the essence of a Chinese garden. Eventually, it was decided to model a garden on 16th and 17th century scholarly retreats（隐居处） in Suzhou.The decision was made partly due to the fame of Suzhou classical gardens, but also because similarities were found between the Huntington and Suzhou gardens. Bloom said that Henry Huntington, founder of the Huntington Library, was a successful US businessman who used his fortune to collect rare books, artworks and to create gardens. “Many Suzhou gardens were also created by rich people who tried to pursue a scholarly lifestyle, ” he added.To preserve the character of the Suzhou gardens, the Huntington Library sought help from Suzhou, giving rise to collaboration between US and Chinese architects, contractors and designers. In all stages of construction, artisans（工匠） from Suzhou came to work on details of the venue.After three years of expansion from 2018 to 2020, Liu Fang Yuan reopened to the public with 4. 6 hectares of new landscape, making it one of the largest classical-style Chinese gardens in the world. The additions include courtyards displaying penjing, a scholar's studio, a pavilion（亭子） situated at the garden's highest point, etc.Now, it is meaningful to see how people from local communities interact with the garden. “A lot of volunteers come to different lectures and exhibitions about Chinese culture that we hold regularly, ” Bloom said. By exposing its visitors to arts and literature, Liu Fang Yuan goes beyond international boundaries and bridges the cultural gaps between the two countries.5. What do we know about Liu Fang Yuan?A. It used to be a scholarly retreat in Suzhou.B. It was constructed by Suzhou artisans alone.C. It became the largest garden after being expanded.D. It promotes cultural exchanges between America and China.6. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The introduction to the founder.B. The fame of Suzhou classical gardens.C. The features of a scholarly lifestyle.D. The reasons for modeling a Suzhou garden.7. What does the underlined word “collaboration” in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Negotiation.B. Cooperation.C. Inspiration.D. Contradiction.8. Why did Bloom mention local people's interactions with the garden?A. To show its cultural significance.B. To detail its architectural features.C. To promote its diverse activities.D. To boost its international fame.Ⅱ. 七选五Applying the correct time management skills and tips can help you get more organized and increase productivity. The more of these tools you learn to use, the more you will get done each day.1 First, get your work list ready for the following day the evening or night before. The best exercise is for you to plan your entire next day as the last thing you do before coming home from work. When you plan your day the night before, your subconscious then goes to work on your plans and goals while you are asleep. Very often you will wake up in the morning with ideas and insights that apply to the work of the day.2 A major reason for insomnia is your lying awake trying not to forget to remember everything that you have to do the following day.Schedule your time. 3 The very act of using your organizational skills to plan your day, week, and month, gives you a greater feeling of control and will help increase productivity throughout your day. You'll feel in charge of your life. Mastering your time organization actually increases your self-esteem and improves your sense of personal power.Start early. To increase productivity, start your day early. 4 In the biographies and autobiographies of successful men and women, almost all of them have one thing in common. They developed great organizational skills and the habit of going to bed at a reasonable hour and rising early. Many successful people arise at 5:00 a.m. or 5:30 a. m. 5 As a result, they are always more effective than those who sleep in until the last possible moment.A.Prepare in advance.B.It reduces stress and releases energy.C.Increase productivity with prime time.D.Then they can have enough time to think and plan for the coming day.E.Your most important work requires that you be at your best, and creative.F.A major benefit of doing so is that this exercise lets you sleep more soundly.G.The more time you take to think and plan, the better organized you will be in your life.Ⅲ. 完形填空The teacher who changed my life was Marjorie HurD. She actually set the 1 ofmy life in the new land I entered as a young war refugee（难民）.Shortly after I met Marjorie Hurd, I was 2 . She introduced me to the 3 wealth of Greece—giving me a new 4 on my war-ravaged（受战争蹂躏的） homelanD.I began to be proud of my 5 .One day, after 6 how writers should write about what they know, she 7 us to compose an essay from our own experience. Then looking at me, she 8 , “Nick,I want you to write about what happened to your family back in Greece. ” I had been trying to put those 9 memories behind me and left the assignment until the last moment. Then I 10 the essay, hoping never to see it again, but Miss Hurd 11 the essay to a contest sponsored by the Worcester paper and it won a medal.For the first time I began to understand the 12 of the written worD. I followed the literary path that Miss Hurd had once set me on. After graduation, I becamethe 13 of the Worcester paper. When the paper 14 a picture of me standing next to President Kennedy, my father cut out the photograph and 15 itin his breast pocket for the rest of his life to show everyone he met.1. A. sign B. course C. form D. cycle2. A. hesitant B. awkward C. shocked D. impressed3. A. literary B. family C. personal D. military4. A. feedback B. perspective C. emphasis D. influence5. A. lives B. schools C. origins D. teachers6. A. discussing B. inquiring C. justifying D. anticipating7. A. assigned B. challenged C. persuaded D. promised8. A. complained B. sighed C. shouted D. added9. A. pleasant B. unclear C. painful D. temporary10. A. subscribed to B. gave up C. picked out D. handed in11. A. compared B. submitted C. donated D. attached12. A. magic B. mode C. fault D. principle13. A. waiter B. reader C. editor D. monitor14. A. renewed B. polished C. displayed D. interpreted15. A. found B. carried C. noticed D. forgot素养培优练（一）Ⅰ. 阅读理解1. C[解析]细节理解题。

必修三重点短语背诵：unit3 back to the past

M3U3 Back to the past重点短语背诵1. 作…讲座deliver/give a lecture on/about向某人传送/传递某物deliver sth to sb.履行诺言;不负所望deliver on promises2. 夺取；接管；占上风take over3. 被烧成灰烬be burnt to ashes4. 装饰着be decorated with5. 逃离某地flee (－fled－fled) a place6. 渐渐地gradually＝step by step ＝little by little7. 处在废墟中in ruins8. 阅读材料reading materials建筑材料building materials9. 附近的一家医院a hospital nearby＝a nearby hospital10. 向某人抱怨/投诉某事complain to sb. about sth.＝make a complaint to sb. about sth.一封投诉信a letter of complaint还可以，还行I can't complain11. 一部历史电影a historical film一个历史遗址a historic site12. 问题的解决办法a solution to a problem13. 无法表达beyond expression一个迷茫的表情a puzzled expression/look向某人表达担心express one’s concern to sb.14. 出席婚礼attend a wedding照顾某人attend sb.15. 宣布……为declare sth. (to be)＋sth./adj.向……宣战declare war on/against声明支持/反对declare for sth./against sth.16. 被选为会议的主席be elected chairman of the meeting选择做某事elect to do sth17. 参加海军join the navy加入某人一起做join sb in doing sth.18. 为了纪念in memory of＝in honour of19. 英雄纪念碑 a memorial to heroes20. 仍然差/单身remain poor/single有待于做remain to be done剩余的钱the remaining money＝the money left仍然困在某地remain stuck in sp.仍然坐着remain seated/sitting there21. 无疑，确实no doubt毫无疑问There is no doubt about sth./that…= beyond doubt可怀疑地in doubt 无疑地without doubt22. 起义，反抗rise up against23. 阻碍(某人) stand in one's path ＝stand in one's way24. 提前ahead of time＝in advance前进；请做吧go ahead25. 患(病) come down with找到(答案等) come up with问题被提出come up26. 某人十分清楚/意识到sb be well aware of使某人意识到…make sb. aware of/realize sth.提高人们……的意识raise/increase/sharpen one's awareness of 27. 在此基础上on that basis根据…… on the basis of=be based on28. 把某人告上法庭take sb. to court29. 通过不断摸索/反复尝试by trial and error弄错in error ＝by mistake30. 根据……判断judging by/from被评定为be judged to be31. 生活条件the living conditions状况良好in good condition＝in a good state只要on condition that依据一个条件on one condition决不on no condition＝on no account＝in no way＝in no case＝at no time＝in/under no circumstances＝by no means(表“决不”的几个短语，放在句首要部分倒装)处境困难in a difficult situation担任一个职务hold a position就位in position 坐姿in a seated/sitting position持…观点/看法take the position that32. 作为回报in return (for sth.)依次，轮流；转而，反过来in turn33. 受够了…；对……感到厌烦have enough of＝tire of＝be tired/sick of＝be bored with＝be fed up with34.“据说/据报道/人们相信……”It's said/reported/believed that…＝sb./sth. is said/reported/believed to do= sb./sth. is said/reported/believed to be doing/=sb./sth. is said/reported/believed to have done必背重点句子1.We are in Italy now, and tomorrow we are visiting Pompeii.现在我们在意大利，明天我们将游览庞贝。

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