012科技英语英文摘要撰写-文档资料
科技英语英文摘要撰写
由…… 组成 包含 包含，包括， 包含，包括，涉及到 包含， 包含，包括
科技英语英文摘要典型语句科技英语英文摘要典型语句-1
Model Sentence in Abstract of English for Science and Technology
3)文章涉及范围的语句，Example： 3)文章涉及范围的语句， ： 文章涉及范围的语句
科技英语英文摘要典型语句科技英语英文摘要典型语句-1
Model Sentence in Abstract of English for Science and Technology
2)文章研究课题的常用语句，Example： 2)文章研究课题的常用语句， ： 文章研究课题的常用语句
A lumped parameter for concrete-structure interaction is developed. 导出了混凝土结构相互作用的集总参数。 导出了混凝土结构相互作用的集总参数。 Some application of the two-phase flow in reactors are briefly discussed. 简要地讨论了反应堆里两相流的一些应用 A particular system is investigated numerically. 对一特定系统进行了数值性研究。 对一特定系统进行了数值性研究。 The relationship betw is stated briefly. 简述了自然界中质量与能量的关系。 简述了自然界中质量与能量的关系。 The continuity of this function is studied under a certain boundary condition. 研究了这个函数在某一边界条件下的连续性。 研究了这个函数在某一边界条件下的连续性。
科技有关英文作文
科技有关英文作文英文：Technology plays a crucial role in our daily lives. It has revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and live. From smartphones to laptops, technology has made our lives more convenient and efficient. However, it also poses some challenges and risks.One of the benefits of technology is that it has made communication easier and faster. With just a few clicks, we can connect with people from all over the world. For example, I can easily video call my friend who lives in another country and feel like we are in the same room. This is especially helpful during the pandemic when we can't meet in person.Another advantage of technology is that it has transformed the way we work. With the rise of remote work, we can work from anywhere in the world as long as we havean internet connection. This has given us more flexibility and freedom to balance work and personal life. Moreover, technology has also made it easier for us to collaborate with our colleagues and share information.However, technology also has some downsides. One of the biggest challenges is cybersecurity. As we rely more on technology, we become more vulnerable to cyber attacks and data breaches. For instance, hackers can steal our personal information and use it for malicious purposes. Therefore, we need to be cautious and take measures to protect our digital assets.Moreover, technology has also led to some negative impacts on our mental health. Social media, for example, can be addictive and lead to feelings of anxiety and depression. We may also become too reliant on technology and lose our ability to communicate effectively with others in person.中文：科技在我们的日常生活中扮演着至关重要的角色。
科技英语讲义(摘要写作)
Lecture 3 Abstract (1): Category, Structure, and General Writing RequirementsAs a miniature of the paper with a limited number of words, an abstract is a brief summary of a research article, thesis, review, conference proceedings, or any in-depth analysis of a particular subject, and is often used to help the reader quickly ascertain the paper’s purpose. Given its importance, we are to deal with the abstract writing in the following two lectures. Included in the lecture are different categories of the abstract, general structure of the abstract, general requirements in abstract writing, etc.Lecture ObjectivesAfter completing this lecture, you should be able to:1. Distinguish different categories of the abstract2. Understand the general structure of the abstract3. Meet general writing requirements of the abstractDifferent Categories of the AbstractAn abstract is a succinct summary of a piece of work, usually academic in nature. It is published in isolation from the main text and should therefore stand on its own and be understandable without reference to the whole piece. It should report the essential facts of the paper, and should not exaggerate or contain material that is not in the paper.Being a self-contained entity, the abstract holds a critical role compared with the other parts of the whole paper. An abstract is viewed as a mini-version of the paper, summarizing the content of the main body. A well-prepared abstract serves as a useful tool in searching for information and enables readers to identify the basic content of a paper quickly and accurately, to determine its relevance to their interest, and finally to decide whether they need to read the paper in its entirety.Abstracts can be generally classified into three categories: descriptive, informational, and informational-descriptive.Descriptive AbstractA descriptive abstract usually states the general subject matter of the paper. It tells in an all-round way what the paper contains.The following is a descriptive abstract including the background, topic, approach, conclusion, and significance of the research. Please note the parts in bold, which help us understand the idea and structure better.Ex. 3-1AbstractAntibodies play a central role in immunity by forming an interface with the innate immune system and, typically, mediating proinflammatory activity [background]. We describe a novel posttranslational modification that leads to anti-inflammatory activity of antibodies of immunoglobulin G, isotype 4 (IgG4) [topic]. IgG4 antibodies are dynamic molecules that exchange Fab arms by swapping a heavy chain and attached light chain (hall-molecule) with a heavy-tight chain pair from another molecule, which results in bispecific antibodies [approach]. Mutagenesis studies reveal that the third constant domain is critical for this activity. The impactof IgG4 Fab arm exchange is confirmed in vivo in a rhesus monkey model with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis [conclusion]. IgG4 Fab arm exchange is suggested to be an important biological mechanism that provides the basis for the anti-inflammatory activity attributed to IgG4 antibodies [significance].Informational AbstractAn informational abstract highlights the approach and conclusion briefly but quantitatively. It is a condensed version of the research work. Instead of indicating the general content, it should be specific and quantitative, giving essential data. The following example shows how this type of abstract should be structured.Ex. 3-2AbstractThe system analysis theory was used to establish China TIMES model system (C-TMS) to study China’s future low carbon energy development strategy [topic]. With reasonable assumption of the future economic and social development, the model system was employed to investigate China’s final and primary energy consumption and mix from 2010 to 2050, and analyze the share of the non-fossil fuels in the primary energy consumption in 2020, thus proposing a future low carbon energy development strategy [approach]. The results show that China’s energy consumption will maintain sustained and rapid growth before 2020 in both reference scenario and policy scenario, with the primary consumption in 2020 reaching 4.91 billion tones and 4.76 billion tones of coal equivalent, respectively. Excluding non-commodity fuels, non-fossil fuels will account for over 0.7 billion tones of coal equivalent by coal consumption of power supply in 2020, with the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy being 14.8 percent in the policy scenario [conclusion].Informational-descriptive AbstractAn informational-descriptive abstract is a combined form that bears specific information about the approach and conclusion of the paper. The following abstract highlights the research approach (theory exploration and survey) on the one hand, and emphasizes the conclusion (nine factors) on the other.Ex. 3-3 (1)AbstractThe study of individual difference (ID) in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) has attracted more attention [background]. The paper focuses on some factors in predicting success among non-English major college students in specific Foreign Language Learning (FLL) context in China [topic]. Included in the study are the employment of the theories of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and FLL, the design of the survey, the data collection in Tsinghua University, and the analyses of the data [approach]. The results show that nine factors play a more important role in EFL learning proficiency, namely growing environment, family income, overanxiety, extroversion, strong motivation, lecture instruction, functional practice, self-initiation, and monitoring strategies [conclusion]. The research, therefore, will highlight not only the importance of ID in EFL in China, but also the necessity of taking concrete and effective measuresto cater to learner’s individual needs [significance].Basic Elements of an Abstract(1)A Statement of the BackgroundA statement of the background is often summarized into one sentence, showing the background of the study. However, it is not a must in a abstract.(2) A Statement of the TopicA statement of the topic (or subject / purpose / aim) usually boils down to a single sentence. It states the subject of the paper, indicating its scope and objectives.(3) A Statement of the ApproachThe approach might be an analytical method, a design technique, a testing scheme, etc. It is a necessary part and should be very informative with more than one sentence.(4) A Statement of the ConclusionThe contribution of a paper may be a theoretical or an experimental finding, a new design with improved properties, a recommended course of action, etc. The conclusion summarizes the theoretical or experimental result, and other significant items in the paper. It is regarded as one of the core elements of an abstract.(5) A Statement of the SignificanceA statement of the significance (or contribution ) is not necessary in all abstracts. The writer may or may not offer the information.In summary, an abstract consist of three core elements (topic, approach, and conclusion). The information of research background and significance may or may not be provided unless you think it very necessary. For instance, you may restructure Ex. 3-3 (1) without the information of background and significance, which is also academic.Ex. 3-3 (2)AbstractThe paper focuses on some factors in predicting success among non-English major college students in specific Foreign Language Learning (FLL) context in China [topic]. Included in the study are the employment of the theories of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and FLL, the design of the survey, the data collection in Tsinghua University, and the analyses of the data [approach]. The results show that the nine factors play a more important role in EFL learning proficiency, namely growing environment, family income, overanxiety, extroversion, strong motivation, lecture instruction, functional practice, self-initiation, and monitoring strategies [conclusion].Exercises and Practice1. Work in pairs and discuss the major differences between descriptive abstract and informational abstract.2. Read the following abstracts carefully, and analyze them in terms of categories.Abstract 1This paper compares American and Chinese campaign practices and reveals the prominence of culture and its impacts upon the operation of public communication campaigns. Specifically, this comparative study shows that, Chinese and American campaign practices differ in (1) ideologies and perceptions; (2) approaches and strategies; and (3) implementation and evaluations. In running the campaigns, while Americans rely heavily on mass media and concentrate on short-term goals, Chinese depend more on interpersonal influences and primarily on long-term social effects. These differences in campaign practices are however attributable to their respective cultural orientations.Abstract 2This paper discusses in a systematic way grammatical analysis and presentation of grammatical information in bilingual dictionaries on five levels, i.e. word class, subclass, grammatical forms, syntactic features, and usage, followed by an explanation of how to display syntactic properties and functions of words through carefully chosen examples. It treats grammatical analysis as an essential process in corpus construction and explores the possibility of presenting more grammatical information in electronic bilingual dictionaries for the benefit of foreign language teaching and learning.Abstract 3Neuropathic foot ulceration is a major medical and economic problem among diabetic patients, and the traditional treatment involves bed rest with complete freedom from weight bearing. We have investigated the use of walking plaster casts in the management of seven diabetic patients with long-standing, chronic foot ulcers. All ulcers healed in a median time of 6 weeks, but this therapy was not without side effects. We conclude that casting is a useful therapy for neuropathic ulcers, although several clinic visits, cast removal, and foot inspection are necessary to avoid potential side effects caused by the casting f insensitive feet.General Structure of an AbstractFrom the dimension of structure, we may take an abstract as a paragraph which usually consists of the following three major parts: topic sentence, supporting sentences and concluding sentences.Topic SentenceWe may regard the sentence answering the question of “what”in an abstract in a topic sentence. The topic sentence always goes straightforward to the subject or the problem and indicates the primary objectives of the paper. For example:Ex. 3-4The paper presents a simple prescription for estimating the energy at which nuclear forces begin to play a role in heavy-ion coulomb excitation and coulomb fission experiments…Useful Patterns of Topic Sentence-The purpose of this paper is …-The primary goal of this research is…-The intention of this paper is to survey…-The overall objective of this study is…-In this paper, we aim at…-Our goal has been to provide…-The chief aim of the present work is to investigate the features of …-The writers are now initiating some experimental investigation to establish…-The work presented in this paper focuses on several aspects of the following…-The problem we have outlined deals largely with the study of…-The primary object of this fundamental research will be to reveal the cause of…-The main objective of our investigation has been to obtain some knowledge of…-With recent research, the write intends to outline the framework of…-The writer attempted the set of experiments with a view to demonstrating certain phenomena…-The experiment being made by our research group is aimed at obtaining the result of…-Experiments on… were made in order to measure the amount of…-The emphasis of this study lies in…Supporting SentencesThe topic sentence is usually followed by a few supporting sentences which further specify the subject to be presented. Research methods, experiments, procedures, investigations, calculations, analyses and other significant information will be provided in this part. These supporting sentences, therefore, can be taken as the “main body” of an abstract.Useful Patterns of Supporting Sentences-The method used in our study is known as…-The technique we applied is referred to as…-The procedure they followed can be briefly described as…-The approach adopted extensively is called…-Detailed information has been acquired by the writers using…-The research has recorded valuable data using the newly-developed method.-This is a working theory which is based on the idea that…-The experiment consisted of three steps, which are described in…-Included in the experiment were…-We have carried out several sets of experiments to test the validity of…-They undertook many experiments to support the hypothesis which…-Recent experiments in this area suggested that…-A number of experiments were performed to check…-Examples with actual experiment demonstrate…-The formula is verified by…Conclusion SentencesAs the ending part of an abstract, concluding sentences usually summarize the research results. For example;Ex.3-5The result of the measurement indicates that the direct method is in good agreement with the impedance method.Useful Patterns of Concluding Sentences-In conclusion, we state that…-In summing up, it may be stated that…-It is concluded that…-The results of the experiment indicate that…-The studies we have performed showed that…-The pioneering studies that the writers attempted have indicated that…-We carried out several studies which have demonstrated that…-The research we have done suggests that…-The investigation carried out by… has revealed that…-All our preliminary results throw light on the nature of…-As a result of our experiments, we concluded that…-This fruitful work gives explanation of …-The writer’s pioneering work has contributed to our present understanding of…-The research work has brought about a discovery of…-These findings of the research have led the writer to the conclusion that…- Our work involving studies of… proves to be effective…-The writer has come to the conclusion that…-Finally, a summary is given of…We have discussed the general structure of an abstract and listed a number of sentence patterns used in different parts of abstracts. However, each abstract has its own characteristics due to its subject and purpose. In preparing abstracts, therefore, the writer should choose the structure suitable to the specific paper and avoid rigidly adhering to the general structure.General Writing Requirements of the AbstractIn order to write a effective abstract, it is helpful to observe the following guideline in writing.LengthAn abstract is a miniature of the paper with a limited number of words. Normally, 200 words is a sensible maximum for a relatively long paper; 50-100 words may suffice for a short paper. The length of an abstract greatly varies depending on the length of the paper and where the abstract appears. Each journal and abstract index have different requirements. As a general rule, an abstract will be approximately three percent to five percent of the length of the paper, but is seldom more than two thirds of a page.ComprehensivenessAlthough an abstract should be brief in form, usually confined to a single paragraph of running text, it should still contain certain elements of information, such as the research theories,research methods, results, and conclusions. In addition, to differentiate the paper from others’, the writer needs to stress his or her own contribution.ConcisenessAn abstract should be concise. Otherwise people would rather read the main part of the paper. It is necessary to make clear what is most important and should be included. To write a concise abstract, we should try to avoid using long mathematical expressions and omit table graphics, pictures, in-text citations, etc.ConsistencyAs a mini-version of the paper, an abstract should be consistent with the other parts of the whole paper. A good abstract has to exclude all information that is not based on the content of the paper. So it never includes what has not been mentioned in the paper and no modification in meaning is permitted.TenseTenses in an abstract are not very rigid. You may put all the sentences in present tense, as in Ex. 3-1. Or you may use different tenses to show different elements, as in Ex. 3-3 (1), for example, background in present tense / present perfect tense, topic in present tense / future tense, approach in past tense, conclusion in present tense, significance in future tense, etc.Personal Pronouns and V oicesAs discussed in Lecture 1, academics often use the third person (e.g. the study, the writer, the paper, the test, etc.) and passive voice to show the objectivity or impersonality of the research. Thus, the sentence balance, sometimes, is destroyed, e.g. “Ion concentration in the blood was measured.”Recently, modern scientific style prefers the first-person pronoun and the active voice. Abstracts are often an exception, but only if the passive voice reduces the total number of words. In the example below, the writer uses first-person pronouns and active voice to narrow the gap between the writer and readers and to bear his responsibility.Ex. 3-6Title: Sequencing and Analysis of Neanderthal Genomic DNAAbstract:Our knowledge of Neanderthals is based on a limited number of remains and artifacts from which we must make inferences about their biology, behavior, and relationship to ourselves. Here, we describe the characterization of these extinct hominids from a new perspective, based on the development of a Neanderthal metagenomic library and its high-throughput sequencing and analyses. Several lines of evidence indicate that the 65,250 base pairs of hominid sequence so far identified in the library are of Neanderthal origin, the strongest being the ascertainment of sequence identities between Neanderthal and chimpanzee at sites where the human genomic sequence is different. These result enabled us to calculate the human-Neanderthal divergence time based on multiple randomly distributed autosomal loci. Our analyses suggest that on average the Neanderthal genomic sequence we obtained and the reference human genome sequence share amost recent common ancestor about 706,000 years ago, and that the human and Neanderthal ancestral populations split about 370,000 years ago, before the emergence of anatomically modern humans. Our finding that the Neanderthal and human genomes are at least 99.5 percent identical led us to develop and successfully implement a targeted method for recovering specific ancient DNA sequences from metagenomic libraries. This initial analysis of the Neanderthal genome advances our understanding of the evolutionary relationship of Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis and signifies the dawn of Neanderthal genomics.It is advisable to limit the use of the first-person pronouns and to employ the mixed voices for variety in writing.Exercises and Practice1. Analyze the abstracts below and mark the topic sentence, supporting sentences, and concluding sentences.Abstract 1Modern management is essentially about managing people as well as processes in a rapidly changing environment. In this paper, the writer presents the factors which make “strategic management”effective. A dominant factor is the organization climate which, in turn, is determined by the quality of the managers and the availability of alternatives. To improve the organization climate in which strategic management can be effective, the quality of the managers is a crucial factor. The scope for alternatives also proves an important constraint. The writer suggests that the assessment of effects of management should include the use of consultants and formal procedure. It is concluded that the correct judgment and optimal operation of the essential factors will enhance the effectiveness of strategic management in general.Abstract 2The relationship between interactional feedback and second language learning has been the focus of much recent research. Studies have examined the type and effectiveness of interactional feedback in a range of different settings and contexts. However, most of the existing research has focused on adults, despite the fact that there is general agreement that age plays an important role in second language learning outcome. In the current study, we explore the effects of interactional feedback on children’s L2 development in a pretest / posttest design. Twenty-two child ESL learners carried out communicative tasks that provided contexts for targeted forms and interactional feedback to occur. The children interacted in dyads with adult native speakers. During a three-day treatment period, the experimental group (n=11) received interactional feedback in response to their non-target-like production of question forms, while the control group (n=11) interacted, but did not receive feedback. Results showed that the experimental group improved more than the control group in terms of question formation. Interestingly, the children’s interlanguage seemed to be impacted by feedback relatively quickly, while similar studies with adults have demonstrated more delayed effects.2. Work in pairs. Find an abstract of an academic paper in your field and analyze it according to the guidelines for writing abstracts in this section.Lecture Summary摘要（1）：分类、结构和整体写作要求论文摘要是论文的缩影，是论文的高度概括和浓缩，旨在使读者迅速了解全文梗概。
科技作文简单英文
科技作文简单英文英文，。
Technology has become an integral part of our lives, and it has significantly impacted the way we live, work and communicate. In my opinion, technology has both positive and negative effects on our lives.On the one hand, technology has made our lives more convenient and efficient. For example, we can now communicate with people from all over the world instantly through social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter. We can also shop online and have our purchases delivered to our doorstep, saving us time and effort. In addition, technology has revolutionized the way we work, allowing us to work remotely and collaborate with colleagues from different parts of the world.On the other hand, technology has also had some negative effects on our lives. For instance, the overuse oftechnology can lead to addiction and social isolation. People may spend too much time on their phones or computers, neglecting their relationships with family and friends. Moreover, technology has also led to job displacement, as many jobs are now automated, leaving many people unemployed.中文：科技已成为我们生活中不可或缺的一部分，它对我们的生活、工作和交流方式都有着重要的影响。
科技题材英文作文模板
科技题材英文作文模板英文：As a technology enthusiast, I am always fascinated by the latest advancements in the field. In my opinion, technology has revolutionized the way we live our lives and has made it easier for us to communicate, work, and entertain ourselves. However, with great power comes great responsibility, and we must use technology wisely to avoid its negative effects.One of the most significant advancements in technology has been the internet. It has connected people from all over the world and has made it possible for us to access information instantly. However, it has also led to the spread of fake news, cyberbullying, and online scams. Therefore, we must be careful about the information we consume and the people we interact with online.Another area where technology has had a significantimpact is healthcare. With the help of technology, doctors can now diagnose and treat diseases more accurately and efficiently. For example, artificial intelligence can analyze medical images and detect abnormalities that might be missed by human doctors. However, we must also be awareof the ethical implications of using technology in healthcare and ensure that it does not lead todiscrimination or privacy violations.In conclusion, technology has brought about manypositive changes in our lives, but we must also be aware of its negative effects and use it responsibly. As the saying goes, "with great power comes great responsibility."中文：作为一名科技爱好者，我总是被这个领域最新的进展所吸引。
一篇英语科技文献摘要范文
一篇英语科技文献摘要范文Title: "Advancements in Quantum Computing: Exploring the Frontier of Superposition and Entanglement for Solving Complex Problems"Abstract:Quantum computing, a revolutionary paradigm that harnesses the unique properties of quantum mechanics, has emerged as a promising field with the potential to transform various sectors from materials science to cryptography. This article delves into the recent advancements in quantum computing, focusing on two fundamental principles: superposition and entanglement, and their applications in solving classically intractable problems.First, we provide an overview of the theoretical foundations of quantum computing, emphasizing the concept of a qubit—the quantum equivalent of a classical bit—which can exist in a superposition of states, enabling parallel computation. This inherent parallelism is then leveraged to explain how quantum algorithms, such as Grover's search algorithm and Shor's factorization algorithm, can achieve exponential speedups over their classical counterparts.Next, we explore the realm of quantum entanglement, a phenomenon where the states of two or more quantum particles become intricately linked, such that measurements on one particle instantaneously affect the state of the others, regardless of the distance between them. This non-local correlation is a cornerstone of quantum computing, enabling complex information processing tasks that would be impossible with classical systems.The article then highlights recent experimental breakthroughs in quantum hardware, including the development of more stable and scalable qubit platforms like superconducting qubits, trapped ions, and topological quantum bits. These advancements have paved the way for the realization of quantum processors with increasing numbers of qubits, enabling the execution of increasingly complex quantum circuits.Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in quantum error correction, a crucial aspect of realizing fault-tolerant quantum computers capable of executing algorithms with high fidelity. Recent progress in quantum error-correcting codes and their implementation strategies are presented, outlining how they can mitigate the detrimental effects of decoherence and other noise sources in quantum systems.Finally, we explore the potential impact of quantum computing on various industries, including drug discovery, optimization problems, finance, and cryptography. We discuss how quantum algorithms tailored for these domains can unlock new capabilities and drive innovation, while also acknowledging the ethical and societal implications of this technology's development.In conclusion, this article offers a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in quantum computing, emphasizing the fundamental principles, experimental progress, and potential applications that are poised to reshape our understanding of computation and its impact on society.。
一篇英语科技文献摘要范文
一篇英语科技文献摘要范文The rapid advancement of technology has transformed various aspects of our lives, from the way we communicate to the way we work and learn. In the realm of scientific research, the role of technology has become increasingly crucial, enabling researchers to push the boundaries of knowledge and make groundbreaking discoveries. One of the key components of scientific literature is the abstract, which serves as a concise and informative summary of a research study or paper. This essay will provide a sample abstract for a scientific literature, highlighting the essential elements and the importance of this critical component.The abstract is typically a standalone section that appears at the beginning of a research paper, providing readers with a concise overview of the study's purpose, methodology, results, and conclusions. It is designed to give the reader a clear understandingof the study's focus and its key findings, without the need to read the entire paper. The abstract should be written in a clear and concise manner, using language that is accessible to a wide audience, including those who may not be experts in the field.One of the primary functions of the abstract is to serve as a gateway to the research paper, allowing readers to quickly assess the relevance and significance of the study. It should be structured in a way that logically and coherently presents the key aspects of the research, guiding the reader through the study's objectives, methods, and outcomes. By providing a well-crafted abstract, researchers can effectively communicate their work to a broader audience, increasing the visibility and impact of their research.The structure of a well-written abstract typically includes the following key elements:Introduction: The introduction section of the abstract should provide a brief background on the research topic, outlining the problem or issue that the study aims to address. This section should also clearly state the research objectives or hypotheses being investigated.Methodology: The methodology section should describe the research methods employed in the study, including the study design, data collection techniques, and any relevant analytical approaches. This information should be presented in a concise and straightforward manner, without delving into excessive technical details.Results: The results section should summarize the key findings of the study, highlighting the most significant outcomes and any relevant statistical analyses or data. This section should be focused and informative, providing the reader with a clear understanding of the study's outcomes.Conclusion: The conclusion section should briefly summarize the overall significance and implications of the study's findings. This section should also address any limitations of the research and provide recommendations for future studies or potential applications of the findings.By following this structure, the abstract can effectively communicate the essence of the research study, allowing readers to quickly assess the study's relevance and determine whether they want to further explore the full research paper.In addition to the structural elements, the language and tone used in the abstract are also crucial. The abstract should be written in a clear, concise, and objective manner, avoiding the use of jargon or overly technical language that may be inaccessible to a general audience. The tone should be formal and professional, conveying the seriousness and rigor of the research.Overall, the abstract is a critical component of scientific literature,serving as a gateway to the research paper and providing readers with a concise and informative overview of the study's purpose, methodology, results, and conclusions. By crafting a well-written abstract, researchers can effectively communicate their work to a broader audience, increasing the visibility and impact of their research.。
科技发明简介英文作文
科技发明简介英文作文英文，Technology has revolutionized the world we live in. From the invention of the wheel to the creation of the internet, technology has been a driving force behind human progress. In this essay, I will discuss some of the most significant technological inventions and their impact on society.One of the most important technological inventions is the printing press, which was invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. The printing press allowed for the mass production of books and other printed materials, making knowledge more accessible to the masses. This invention helped to fuel the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution, as it allowed for the spread of new ideas and knowledge.Another significant invention is the telephone, which was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. The telephone revolutionized communication, allowing people totalk to each other over long distances. This invention paved the way for other communication technologies, such as the internet and smartphones.The internet is perhaps the most transformative technological invention of the 20th century. It has changed the way we communicate, work, and access information. The internet has made it possible to connect with people from all over the world, and has made information more accessible than ever before. It has also created new industries, such as e-commerce and social media.In addition to these inventions, there are many other technological advancements that have had a significant impact on society. For example, the development of the automobile has changed the way we travel and has had a major impact on the environment. The invention of the light bulb has revolutionized the way we live our lives, allowing us to work and play long after the sun goes down.Overall, technology has had a profound impact on society, shaping the way we live, work, and communicate.While there are certainly drawbacks to some technological advancements, such as the potential loss of jobs due to automation, the benefits of technology cannot be denied.中文，科技改变了我们所生活的世界。