The SMILE Project Satellite Multi-Constellation Identification Techniques for Liable -S. Gaglione
初三英语宇宙探索发现单选题50题
初三英语宇宙探索发现单选题50题1. The Earth is a ______ that orbits around the Sun.A. starB. planetC. satellite答案：B。
本题考查对宇宙天体的基本概念以及相关英语单词的掌握。
选项A“star”指恒星，像太阳就是恒星，而地球不是恒星。
选项B“planet”是行星，地球是围绕太阳公转的行星，符合题意。
选项C“satellite”是卫星，通常是围绕行星转动的天体，地球不是卫星。
2. Which of the following is a natural satellite of the Earth?A. The MoonB. MarsC. Venus答案：A。
本题重点在于对地球的天然卫星这一概念的考查以及相关天体名称的英语表达。
选项A“The Moon”月球是地球的天然卫星。
选项B“Mars”火星是一颗行星，不是地球的卫星。
选项C“Venus”金星也是一颗行星，不是地球的卫星。
3. Stars are huge celestial bodies that can produce their own ______.A. waterB. lightC. air答案：B。
这题考查恒星的特性以及对应的英语单词。
恒星是巨大的天体，它们能够自己产生光。
选项A“water”水，恒星不会产生水。
选项C“air”空气，恒星也不会产生空气，选项B“light”光，符合恒星的特性。
4. Among the following planets, which one is closest to the Sun?A. MercuryB. JupiterC. Neptune答案：A。
本题考查太阳系行星与太阳的距离相关知识以及行星名称的英语。
在太阳系中，水星是距离太阳最近的行星。
选项B“Jupiter”木星距离太阳较远。
选项C“Neptune”海王星是距离太阳非常远的行星。
2024届黑龙江省友谊县红兴隆管理局第一高级中学英语高三上期末经典模拟试题含解析
2024届黑龙江省友谊县红兴隆管理局第一高级中学英语高三上期末经典模拟试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．The auto factory ______ new profit records through technical innovation — 10% growth rate in the last two years and hopefully 15% this year.A．set B．has setC．is setting D．has been setting2．Loneliness is a feeling _______ people experience a powerful rush of emptiness and solitude.A．which B．where C．that D．how3．My toothache me. I thought it was going away, but it is getting worse now. A．kills B．is killing C．has killed D．killed4．It’s strongly advised that smokers not be allowed to smoke in any room ________ babies currently occupy.A．where B．whoseC．that D．as5．We’d better discuss everything ______before we work out the plan.A．in detail B．in general C．on purpose D．on time6．We are so tired. ______ we could take the day off tomorrow!A．Only ifB．What ifC．If onlyD．If so7．My neighbour came to ask me why there was so much noise in my house yesterday afternoon. I told her that some children an English song.A．praticed B．would practice C．have practiced D．were practicing8．——Do you have a minute? I’ve got something to tell you.——Ok, ______ you make it short.A．now that B．if only C．so long as D．every time9．The suggestion came from the chairman ______ the new rule ______.A．what; was developed B．that; was developedC．what; be developed D．that; be developed10．Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students ________ what is bothering them.A．to talk over B．talked overC．talk over D．having talked over11．During ______ afternoon, the rain became smaller, but towards__________ evening, there was a sudden landslide that buried the village.A．/; the B．the; / C．the; the D．an; the12．The teacher told the children ______ quiet in the museum.A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep13．Mark drives his car too fast and, what’s more, very carel essly, worries his mother.A asA．what B．it C．which14．The beautiful mountain village we spent our holiday last year is located in is now part of Guangxi.A．which; where B．where; what C．that; what D．when; which15．_______ progress it is, you ca n’t stop moving forward.A．Whatever great B．However greatC．No matter how great D．How great a16．The police recognized the criminal from his typical facial ________.— a scar on the forehead.A．expression B．featureC．outline D．gesture17．Zhouqu, Gansu was attacked by such a terrible mud-rock flow few residents had ever experienced before.A．as B．which C．where D．that18．—Linda hasn’t shown up yet.—It’s strange. She ____.A．could B．might C．must have D．should have19．-Excuse me, but why am I not allowed to use the gym?-________，but your room price doesn't cover it.A．No hurry B．No wonder C．No offence D．No problem20．—________ It’s only an interview!— Only an interview? Only an interview? What if I panic? What if I say a silly word by accident?A．Well done! B．Come on!C．How come? D．No doubt!第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
关于太空探索的利与弊的作文英语
关于太空探索的利与弊的作文英语英文回答：The Pros and Cons of Space Exploration.Space exploration is a complex and multifaceted endeavor that has both potential benefits and risks.Benefits of space exploration.Scientific knowledge: Space exploration has led to numerous scientific discoveries, including: the existence of water on Mars, the presence of organic molecules in meteorites, and the formation of stars and galaxies. This knowledge has deepened our understanding of the universe and our place within it.Technological advancements: Space exploration has driven the development of new technologies, such as satellite communications, computer systems, and medicaldevices. These technologies have had a profound impact on our daily lives and have improved our quality of life.Economic growth: Space exploration has created new industries and jobs, stimulating economic growth. The development of new technologies and the exploration of extraterrestrial resources have the potential to create wealth and prosperity.Inspiration and education: Space exploration inspires awe and wonder, fueling our imagination and curiosity. It also provides a unique opportunity to educate the public about science, technology, and the environment.Risks of space exploration.Cost: Space exploration is an expensive undertaking that requires significant financial resources. Governments and private entities must weigh the costs of space exploration against other priorities, such as healthcare, education, and poverty reduction.Safety: Space exploration is a dangerous activity that poses risks to human life. Astronauts face the hazards of radiation, zero gravity, and isolation. Unforeseen events, such as equipment failures or collisions with space debris, can also threaten the safety of space missions.Environmental impact: The launch and re-entry of spacecraft can release pollutants into the atmosphere. Space exploration also contributes to the generation of space debris, which poses a hazard to satellites and future space missions.Political tensions: Space exploration can become entangled in political rivalries and tensions between nations. Competition for resources and technological dominance can lead to conflict and undermine international cooperation.Conclusion.Space exploration offers both potential benefits and risks. It is important to carefully consider these factorswhen making decisions about the scope and direction of future space missions. By weighing the pros and cons, we can harness the power of space exploration to advance scientific knowledge, drive innovation, and inspire generations to come.中文回答：太空探索的利与弊。
对航天事业的重视英语作文
对航天事业的重视英语作文In recent decades, space exploration has emerged as acritical field of study and international collaboration. The significance of this endeavor extends far beyond the realm of scientific discovery; it is intertwined with the very essence of human curiosity and our collective future. This essay aims to delve into the multifaceted importance of space exploration and its impact on humanity.Firstly, space exploration has been a catalyst for technological innovation. The development of new technologies to support space missions has led to numerous spin-off benefits in various sectors, including telecommunications, medicine, and computing. For instance, the miniaturization of electronics for space use has paved the way for the smartphones and laptops we use today.Secondly, the pursuit of space has broadened our understanding of the universe and our place within it. The images and data returned from deep-space probes have revolutionized our knowledge of celestial bodies, leading to new theories and a deeper appreciation of the cosmos's vastness and complexity.Thirdly, space exploration serves as a unifying endeavor for nations. International space programs like the International Space Station (ISS) bring together scientists and astronauts from different countries to work towards common goals. Thiscollaboration fosters global cooperation and diplomacy, which are essential in our increasingly interconnected world.Moreover, space exploration is a powerful educational tool.It inspires the next generation of scientists, engineers, and explorers. The excitement and curiosity generated by space missions can motivate students to pursue STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields, which are crucial for the development of any nation.Additionally, space exploration is vital for the long-term survival of our species. As Earth's resources are finite and the planet faces various threats, including climate change and potential asteroid impacts, establishing human presence beyond Earth is a necessary step for the continuation of humanity.Lastly, the economic benefits of space exploration should not be overlooked. The space industry is growing rapidly, creating new markets and job opportunities. From satellite launches to space tourism, the commercial potential of space is vast and offers a promising avenue for economic growth.In conclusion, space exploration is not merely a scientific pursuit; it is a venture that holds profound implications for our knowledge, global unity, educational inspiration, species survival, and economic prosperity. As we continue to push the boundaries of what is possible, the importance of space exploration will only grow, reminding us of the limitless potential of human ingenuity and our unquenchable thirst for discovery.。
航天航空的英语作文五年级
The Magic of Space Exploration: A DreamCome True for a Fifth-Grade StudentIn a world full of wonders and mysteries, one of the most fascinating topics for a fifth-grade student like meis space exploration. The idea of traveling beyond ourplanet and exploring the vastness of the universe fills me with a sense of excitement and amazement. From the moment I first heard about astronauts floating in space, I knew that space exploration was something I wanted to learn more about.Space exploration is not just about going to the moonor Mars. It's about understanding our universe, about discovering new things, and about pushing the boundaries of human knowledge. It's about asking questions like: What's out there? Are we alone in the universe? And what can we learn from exploring space?One of the most incredible things about spaceexploration is the technology involved. Rockets, satellites, and telescopes are just some of the tools we use to explore the universe. But what really amazes me is the fact that these tools are built by humans, just like us. It makes meproud to know that human beings have the capability to create such amazing technology and use it to explore the unknown.But space exploration is not just about technology.It's also about courage, determination, and the spirit of exploration. Astronauts are heroes in my book. They are brave enough to leave their homes and travel to a place where there is no air, no water, and no life as we know it. They are determined to push the boundaries of human knowledge and to make a difference in the world.As a fifth-grade student, I dream of becoming an astronaut one day. I want to travel to space, to see the Earth from above, and to explore the mysteries of the universe. I know that it's a big dream, but I believe that with hard work and dedication, anything is possible.Space exploration is not just a journey to the stars. It's a journey of discovery, of learning, and of understanding our place in the universe. For me, it's a dream come true and an adventure that I look forward to experiencing one day.**探索航天的魔力：一个五年级学生的梦想成真**在一个充满奇迹和神秘的世界里，对像我这样的五年级学生来说，航天探索是最引人入胜的话题之一。
九年级英语太空站单选题50题
九年级英语太空站单选题50题1. The first man to walk on the moon was Neil Armstrong. ______ great achievement in space exploration it was!A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a答案：B。
解析：这是一个感叹句。
中心词是achievement，是可数名词单数，所以要用what a。
what用来修饰名词，how用来修饰形容词或副词。
A选项少了a，C和D选项用于修饰形容词或副词，不符合这里修饰可数名词单数的要求。
2. Many ______ (astronaut) have made contributions to space exploration.A. astronautB. astronautsC. astronaut'sD. astronauts'答案：B。
解析：many后面要接可数名词复数，astronaut的复数形式是astronauts。
A是单数形式，C是单数所有格，D是复数所有格，都不符合要求。
3. The space exploration program ______ (require) a lot of money and technology.A. requireB. requiresC. are requiredD. is requiring答案：B。
解析：这里的主语the space exploration program是第三人称单数，一般现在时中，动词要用第三人称单数形式requires。
A选项是原形，C选项是被动形式且be动词用错，D选项is requiring是现在进行时，这里表达的是一般情况，不是正在进行的动作。
4. Yuri Gagarin, the famous astronaut, ______ around the earth in 1961.A. flyB. flewC. flownD. flying答案：B。
飞出太阳系的奇思妙想英语作文600字
飞出太阳系的奇思妙想英语作文600字Escape from the Solar System: Embarking upon an Interstellar Odyssey.Throughout the annals of human history, our gaze has been fixed upon the celestial tapestry above, captivated by the allure of the stars and the boundless expanse of the cosmos. The enigmatic allure of interstellar travel has ignited dreams and fueled imaginations for centuries. While the prospect of venturing beyond our solar system may seem like a futuristic fantasy, recent scientific advancements and audacious proposals are paving the path for the realization of this extraordinary endeavor. Join us as we embark on an exploration of the captivating concept of escaping the solar system and venturing into the uncharted territories of the Milky Way galaxy.A myriad of motivations propels our yearning to escape the confines of our solar system. The pursuit of knowledge and discovery beckons us to unravel the secrets of distantworlds, to probe the nature of celestial bodies, and to fathom the vastness of our universe. The allure of new frontiers ignites a burning desire to explore uncharted territories, to leave an enduring mark upon the tapestry of human exploration. Moreover, the preservation of our species may necessitate the establishment of colonies beyond Earth, safeguarding humanity from existentialthreats such as catastrophic events or resource depletion.Various propulsion systems offer the potential to propel spacecraft beyond the gravitational pull of our solar system. Nuclear fusion, a process that mimics the energy generation of stars, promises immense power and efficiency. Ion propulsion, utilizing electrically charged particles, provides sustained thrust over extended periods. Antimatter propulsion, though still in its infancy, holds the tantalizing possibility of achieving extraordinary speeds.Interstellar travel, however, presents formidable challenges that must be overcome. The vast distances between stars pose a significant obstacle, with even thenearest neighboring stars being light-years away. Consequently, spacecraft must attain colossal speeds to traverse these interstellar gulfs within a reasonable timeframe. The human body, too, must adapt to the rigors of prolonged space travel, enduring the effects of microgravity, radiation exposure, and psychological strain.Despite these formidable hurdles, a collective of brilliant minds is tirelessly working to surmount these challenges. The Breakthrough Starshot initiative, spearheaded by renowned physicist Stephen Hawking, aims to develop ultra-fast spacecraft capable of reaching nearby stars within a generation. The project envisions the use of light sails, propelled by lasers from Earth-based stations, to achieve unprecedented speeds.The implications of escaping the solar system are profound and far-reaching. Establishing colonies on other planets could provide refuge for humanity in the event of a global catastrophe. Access to extraterrestrial resources could alleviate the pressures on our finite Earthly resources. Moreover, interstellar travel would undoubtedlyrevolutionize our understanding of the universe, expanding our knowledge of astrophysics, planetary science, and perhaps even the origins of life itself.As we stand on the cusp of a new era in space exploration, it is imperative that we approach the prospect of escaping the solar system with both excitement and unwavering resolve. The challenges ahead are formidable, but the potential rewards are immeasurable. By harnessing our collective ingenuity, perseverance, and unyieldingspirit of exploration, we can transform the dream of interstellar travel into a tangible reality.The journey beyond our solar system will not be without its trials and tribulations. There will be setbacks, disappointments, and perhaps even moments of despair. Yet, through it all, we must remain steadfast in our conviction that the human spirit is capable of achieving the extraordinary. With each step we take towards the stars, we not only expand our physical horizons but also transcend the limitations of our imagination.As we venture forth into the uncharted realms of space, let us embrace the spirit of exploration that has propelled humanity throughout history. Let us harness the power of our intellect to overcome the obstacles that lie ahead. Let us strive to leave an enduring legacy for future generations, a legacy of courage, curiosity, and the indomitable human spirit.。
360教育集团 托福听力备考的天文词汇介绍
文章中360教育集团（）专家针对托福听力考试必备词汇之天文词汇该问题给大家做了详细的说明，专家希望大家通过这种方式更有效的掌握这方面问题。
Theme One: Astronomyastronomer astronomical astronautastrology observatory telescopesolar system cosmic rays cosmosinterstellar intergalactic galaxyThe Milky Way The Big Bang cometasteroid satellite meteormeteorite revolution rotationradiation constellation clusterlunar eclipse velocitycorona terrestrial planetaryexploration hypothesis assumecollision supernova novalight year gravitation nebula1 astronomern. 天文学家During his own tenure as astronomer royal, from 1720 to 1742, Halley studiously tracked the moon.2 astronomicala. 天文学的，天文数字的，庞大的A man-made clock would certainly prove a useful accessory to astronomical reckoning but could never stand in its stead.3 astronaut n. 太空人，宇航员，太空旅行者In their most visible work, astronauts will let loose a retrievable satellite carrying a coffin-sized inflatable antenna.4 astrologyn. 占星学，占星术Racing expert John Randall phoned a friend on the ￡1million astrology question on Monday.5 observatoryn. 天文台，气象台The accuracy of global field models depends on the worldwide network of magnetic observatories.6 telescopen. 望远镜Details on the moon’s surface can be seen through a telescope.7 solar systemn. 太阳系A less-contrived example involves the relation between Kepler’s theory of the solar system and Newton’s.8 cosmic raysn. 宇宙射线A stray cosmic ray might do the same thing.。
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Parthenope University of Naples, Napoli, Italy ITSLAB S.r.l., Torre Annunziata (NA), Italy Blue Thread S.r.l., Roma, Italy
guarantee about the security, especially in terms of countermeasures to the spoofing attacks. The SMILE project is going to improve and extend the features of the VMS platform. The project partners are 3: ITSLAB S.p.a. (prime), University of Naples Parthenope and Blue Thread S.r.l.. The partnership consists of one university and two small – medium enterprises. The SMILE project is divided in 6 workpackages, every partner manages two nodes in according to the scheme shown in Figure 1. Project activities are distributed in 15 tasks as the breakdown structure shows; basically every partner has all needed facilities and know how to develop the assigned work-packages
N. Marchese, G. Pellecchda G. Mangani, G. Cecilia, V. Fontana & M. Lombardi
ABSTRACT: The SMILE (Satellite Multi-constellation Identification techniques for Liable Enhanced applications) project is supported by the Italian space agency, ASI (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana); it started in November 2015 and will last in October 2017. The SMILE partnership, including ITSLAB S.r.l.(Prime Contractor), University of Naples Parthenope and Blue Thread S.r.l., covers the different aspects of the project, starting from the analysis of commercial potential in terms of market and business development. Based on current maritime market, identifying the additional necessities of the final users, SMILE project aims to enhance and extend the performance of Vessel Management System (VMS) providing an advanced application solution for the maritime context. The main goal of SMILE is to assure a reliable, not repudiable, robust and accurate navigation system through GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) and AIS (Automatic Identification System) equipment that are the basis of Vessel Management System platforms. In particular, in the present paper two main technical aspects of SMILE system will be described: the Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) algorithm used to guarantee a robust navigation system, and an innovative vessel authentication technique based on a dynamic masking of information received by onboard GNSS receivers.
Each point above mentioned is related with one or more security threats and neglecting one or more of them could cause a lack of reliability, making the GNSS based services built on these solutions pretty unreliable. Two main on-board equipment are involved in these security issues: the GNSS receiver and the AIS. The solution suggested from SMILE project are: Enhance the GNSS receiver by a multi constellation. The GNSS information, provided through AIS, will be based on a multi GNSS (GPS, GLONASS and Galileo) positioning with a particular attention to the European Satellite Navigation Systems. Provide a reliable navigation information through the application of new RAIM techniques for multi-constellation receiver improving also the accuracy of the positioning in case of satellite signals interferences. Provide an innovative vessel authentication, the so called strong authentication, through GNSS information. In particular, a coherence check on the GNSS receiver position and the in-view satellites (GNSS sky) was implemented. In order to provide a reliable identification, the list of satellites in-view is opportunely modified by the on-board system, ciphered and transmitted onshore. The kind of modification is specific for
1 INTRODUCTION The SMILE (Satellite Multi-constellation Identification techniques for Liable Enhanced applications) project is oriented to offer an innovative application solution within the maritime sector, aiming to improve and extend the functionality of Vessel Management System (VMS). Actually, these platforms are based on the AIS (Automatic Identification System), that is an equipment used to detect and transmit the position of the ship determined by a GNSS receiver (Tetreault, 2005), together with the vessel ID and other ancillary information such as course, velocity, destination, ETA (Estimated Time of Arrival) etc. On the other hand, such system does not provide any
Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, TransNav 2017 21-23 June 2017, Gdynia, Poland