江苏省南京市2014-2015学年高一下学期期末考试化学试卷 扫描版含答案
2014-2015学年第一学期高一期末化学试题(附答案)
高一化学试题可能用到的相对原子质量：H:1 N:14O:16S:32 Cl：35.5 Cu:64Ba:137第Ⅰ卷（选择题）一．选择题（每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
）1. 空气是人类生存所必需的重要资源。
为改善空气质量而启动的“蓝天工程”得到了全民的支持。
下列措施中，不利于“蓝天工程”建设的是A. 推广使用燃煤脱硫技术，防治SO2污染B. 实施绿化工程，防治扬尘污染C. 研制开发燃料电池汽车，消除机动车尾气污染D. 加大石油、煤炭的开采速度，增加化石燃料的使用量2. 银耳本身为淡黄色，某地生产的一种“雪耳”，颜色洁白如雪。
制作如下：将银耳堆放在密闭状态良好的塑料棚内，棚的一端支口小锅，锅内放有硫磺，加热使硫磺熔化并燃烧，两天左右，“雪耳”就制成了。
“雪耳”炖而不烂，对人体有害。
制作“雪耳”利用的是A. 硫的还原性B. 硫的漂白性C. 二氧化硫的还原性D. 二氧化硫的漂白性3. 在水泥、冶金工厂常用高压电对气溶胶作用，除去大量粉尘，以减少其对空气的污染，这种做法运用的原理是A. 丁达尔效应B. 电泳C. 渗析D. 聚沉4. 下列物质属于纯净物的是A. 盐酸B. 液氯C. 碘酒D. 漂白粉5. 下列变化需加氧化剂才能实现的是A. NH3NH4+B. N2NH3C. NH3NOD. Cl2Cl-6. 下列变化不属于氮的固定的是A. 根瘤菌把氮气转化为氨B. 氮气和氢气在适宜条件下合成氨C. 氮气和氧气在放电条件下合成NOD. 工业上用氨和二氧化碳合成尿素7. 下列物质均有漂白作用，其漂白原理相同的是①过氧化钠②次氯酸③双氧水④活性炭⑤臭氧A. ①②③⑤B.只有①③⑤C. ②③④D. 只有①②⑤8. 实验室不需用棕色试剂瓶保存的试剂是A. 浓硝酸B. 硝酸银C. 氯水D. 浓硫酸9. 自来水常用Cl2消毒，某学生用这种自来水去配制下列物质的溶液，不会产生明显的药品变质问题的是A. AgNO3B. Ca(OH)2C. Na2SO3D.AlCl310. 下列有关反应的离子方程式错误的是A. KOH 溶液与过量的SO 2反应: OH -+SO 2=HSO 3-B. Na 2SO 3溶液与稀硫酸反应: SO 32- +2H +=SO 2↑+H 2OC. NaBr 溶液中通入氯气: 2Br -+Cl 2=Br 2+2Cl -D. 石灰石与盐酸反应: CO 32-+2H +=H 2O+CO 2↑11. 下列叙述正确的为A. 石墨转化为金刚石属于化学变化B. 金刚石和石墨具有相似的物理性质C. C 60是碳元素的一种单质,其摩尔质量为720D. 由碳元素单质组成的物质一定是纯净物12. 下列化合物中不能由单质直接化合而制成的是A.FeSB.Cu 2SC.SO 3D.FeCl 313. 下列离子在溶液中可大量共存的一组是A. K +、Na +、OH －、SO 42- B. Ba 2+、Fe 2+、NO 3-、H + C. H +、Na +、CO 32-、SO 42- D. Fe 3+、Ba 2+、NO 3－、OH －14. 下列叙述正确的是A. 将钠放入硫酸铜溶液中可置换出铜B. 铜丝在氯气中燃烧，产生蓝色的烟C. 向氯化铁溶液中滴入KOH 溶液，可产生红褐色胶体D. 氢气在氯气中燃烧，火焰呈苍白色15. 甲、乙、丙三种溶液各含有一种X -(X -为Cl -、Br -、I -)离子。
南京2014～2015学年度第二学期期末复习试卷
南京2014～2015学年度第二学期巩固练习试卷高一英语注意事项：本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。
答案全部写在答题纸上。
总分为100分。
考试时间100分钟。
第一卷（选择题，共55分）第一部分单项填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）1. --- What do you think of the film Avengers: Age of Ultron?--- It _____ be better. I‟d like to see it again.A. needn‟tB. mustn‟tC. couldn‟tD. shouldn‟t2.----What does the sign over there mean?----No person ______ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.A. willB. shallC. mayD. must3.There ______ be any difficulty in passing the oral test since you have practiced a lot in school.A. mustn‟tB. shan‟tC.shouldn‟tD.needn‟t4. Changing the order of mixing chemicals in an experiment _____ cause fastreactions leading to an accident.A. shouldB. canC. mustD. shall5. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _______too much at the party last night.A. could have drunkB. should have drunkC. would have drunkD. must have drunk6. She into the thick forest alone on such a dark night.A. dared not goB. dared not to goC. didn‟t dare goD. not dare7. --- Do you really want to go out?--- It may rain. _______, I shall go out; I don‟t mind the rain.A. AnywayB. OtherwiseC. MeanwhileD. Therefore8. This English book is too difficult for me. I have no idea what subject it _____even when I read it three times.A. comes withB. does withC. deals withD. consults with9. _______is required in our agreement that nobody _____ our secret plan to others.A. It, lets outB. What, lets outC. It, let outD. What, let out10. He left the room with pain and sadness , _______never to come back.A. determinedB. to determineC. determiningD. was determined11. --- Will Prof. Proton attend our graduation ceremony?--- He has just arrived, but I didn‟t know he ______ until yesterday.A. is comingB. had comeC. was comingD. came12. It is amazing that some people in your life make you smile _____ they are not around.A. even ifB. as thoughC. if onlyD. in case13. Learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the _____ of a nativelanguage environment.A. absenceB. convenienceC. advantageD. aspect14. ---What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! --- During the winter I like myhouse_______.A. warmly and comfortablyB. warm and comfortableC. warm and comfortablyD. warmly and comfortable15. The manager, having made ____ clear to us that he didn‟t agree with us, left themeeting room.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. it16. That day everyone wondered the girl of four went to her mother‟soffice.A. how was it thatB. how it was thatC. how was itD. how was that17. Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could besure of passing it at her first .A. attentionB. attractionC. approvalD. attempt18. ---How is everything going on with you in South Korean?---Quite well. Not as smoothly as I hoped, .A. thoughB. insteadC. eitherD. too19. When it football, he has no confidence.A. turns outB. comes toC. turns toD. comes out20. --- Are you going to Tom‟s birthday party?--- _____. I might have to work.A. Don‟t mention itB. It dependsC. Sounds greatD. Thank you 第二部分完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）The sound of the rain hitting the windows wakes me up and it sound just exactly as it did 15 years ago, which reminded me of my girlhood.It was my second day of 21 and it was raining heavily. I could not resist the habit I had at home, so I fell asleep right at my 22 . I woke up to find myself not in the classroom but carried on Dad…s back. We were 23 home. It was the last time I felt 24 to him.After that, he never carried me or hugged me as other fathers did to their children. I was not bothered much by this thought. I was proud of it, for I felt 25 and ―grown up. However, there were times when I felt depressed by not having sought 26 from him.One day, I was writing Chinese characters as homework. I hated doing this more than anything. Dad came and stood behind me for a moment, 27 me scratching (乱吐，勾抹) the paper. Then he said,―This kind of writing needs 28 .Your writing is not strong enough. Press harder. I follow his 29 for the next two words, but 30 I could see little improvement, I followed my own method-the fast way. His advice did not improve my writing but our 31 . As I grew older, I found out that he had finished his schooling in Grade 6, which was the highest grade in town then, so he was considered to be a 32 . People used to ask him to write something to put on the walls, but he never felt very useful. He often said to me, ―As you can see, this family is going to count on you. We are 33 to improve you anything for your future .Your have to get an education to change the life for yourself.As a result of his 34 , I have 35 it through high school and through college.21. A. graduation B. employment C. college D. school22. A. dormitory B. door C. desk D. bed23. A. at B. already C. beyond D. halfway24. A. close B. near C. happy D. relaxed25. A. lonely B. depressed C. independent D. comfortable26. A. comfort B. help C. support D. explanation27. A. helping B. directing C. watching D. blaming28. A. skill B. patience C. time D. practice29. A. introduction B. manner C. spirit D. advice30. A. even if B. while C. as D. though31. A. relationship B. friendship C. thought D. life32. A. writer B. scholar C. scientist D. specialist33. A. tired B. glad C. useless D. ready34. A. help B. expectations C. examination D. watch35. A. succeeded B. got C. made D. found第三部分阅读理解（3篇，共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）AWhen I got the driving license (执照) last summer, Mom and I took our first trip around an empty parking lot. Then I found that my mother was not the best teacher for me. It wasn‟t that she shouted, or told me that I was doing poorly. As you can imagine, my mother‟s “helpful instructions (指示)” only made me more n ervous.Since I could no longer practice with her, the job was placed in the hands of my father. The idea of learning from Dad was not one that thrilled me. I loved him dearly, but I just did not see Dad as someone I could be comfortably learning from. He almost never talked. We shared a typical (典型的) father-daughter relationship. He‟d ask how school was, and I‟d say it was fine. Unfortunately, that was the most of our conversations. Spending hours alone with someone who might as well have been a stranger really scared me.As we got into the car that first time, I was not surprised at what happened. Dad and I drove around, saying almost nothing, aside from a few instructions on how to turn. As my lessons went on, however, things began to change. Dad would turn the radio up so I could fully appreciate his favorite Stones music. And he actually began talking. I was soon hearing about past failed dates, “basic body” gym class, and other tales from his past, including some of his first meeting with Mom.Dad‟s sud den chattiness (爱讲话) was shocking until I thought about why he was telling me so much in the car. In all the years, I had wondered why my father never spoke that much, but I had never stopped to consider that it was because I had never bothered to listen. Homework, friends, and even TV had all called me away from him, and, consequently (因此), I never thought my quiet father had anything to say.Since I began driving with him, my driving skill has greatly increased. More important, though, is that my knowledge of who my father is has also increased. Just living with him wasn‟t enough — it took driving with him for me to get to know someone who was a mystery.36.T he author couldn‟t practice driving with her mother because ________.A. she couldn‟t talk with her m otherB. her father wanted to teach herC. her mother made her nervousD. she didn‟t trust her mother37. What surprised the author when the driving lessons went on?A. Her Dad liked modern music.B. Her Dad was the best teacher.C. Her Dad was a chatty person.D. Her Dad told her his sad stories.38. With her story “Car Talk”, the author indicates that ________.A. fathers love their daughters dearlyB. mothers are less patient than fathersC. family members need real communicationD. it takes time to improve the father-daughter relationshipBIt is quite reasonable to blame (指责) traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel. It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver‟s seat is another matter.Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense. It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire (欲望) to beat back (反击) when forced to face rude driving. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting. A friendly nod or a wave, of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere (氛围) of good will and becomes so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough. Many drivers nowadays don‟t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous. A typical example is that a driver waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may not be able to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to.An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless (无错误的), told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream (潮流) without causing total jams that give rise to unpleasant feelings. Unfor tunately, modern drivers can‟t even learn to drive, let alone (更不要说) master the roadmanship (驾车技能). Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take (互让，妥协) from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.39.What‟s the best little of the passage above?A. Road PolitenessB. Traffic JamsC. Good MannersD. Modern Drivers40.Troubles on the road are often caused by ________.A. great speedB. traffic jamsC. terrible road conditionsD. the behaviors of the drivers41.According to the writer, a good driver should ________.A. beat back when forced to face rude drivingB. be able to recognize politeness when he sees itC. join in traffic stream quickly however other people feelD. encourage children to cross the roads whenever they want to42.It is not always right for drivers to ________.A. encourage old ladies to cross the roadB. create atmosphere of good willC. master roadmanshipD. give a friendly nod to show politenessCIt‟s 10:30 pm, and 11-year-old Brandon Blanco is sound asleep at home.Suddenly, a loud noise wakes him up. Naturally, Brandon reaches for his cell phone. The message becomes clear: “R U awake?”Brandon‟s use of technology doesn‟t stop there. He also has a computer, a TV and three video-game consoles (控制台) in his room. With so many choices, it‟s no surprise that when he isn‟t at school, he spends nearly every waking minute using one or more of these devices.Brandon is hardly alone. According to a recent study by the Kaiser Family Foundation, kids aged 8 to18 are spending more time than ever before using electronic devices (电子设备). How much time? More than seven and a half hours a day on average, the study found.The jump is the result of a huge explosion (爆发) in mobile devices, says Victoria Rideout, the lead author of the study. Today, nearly seven out of ten kids have cell phones. Just five years ago, it was four out of ten.Often, kids multitask, or use more than one device at a ti me. “If you‟ve got a chance to do something on your computer and take a phone call and have the TV on in the background, why not?” media expert Cheryl Olson says.Most experts agree technology has much to offer kids. But some worry the kids could be missing out on other activities like playing outside or hanging out (闲逛) with friends. “It‟s a matter of balance,” says Olson. “You‟ve got to work on it.”Multitasking while doing homework is another concern. Some kids listen to music, watch TV or use the phone while doing their homework. “It‟s important to make sure that you can stop and concentrate on one thing deeply,” says Rideout.With new and exciting devices hitting stores every year, keeping technology use in check (在控制中) is more important than ever. “Kids should try,” adds Rideout. “but parents might have to step in sometimes.”43.Why do children spend more time in using electronic devices (电子设备)?A. Because more electronic devices are available to them.B. Because electronic devices are more exciting than before.C. Because they have less other activities.D. Because they have less homework to do.44.It is known from the passage that ________.A. Brandon Blanco feels very annoyed about his late-night textB. the teenagers using mobile devices have increased by 40% in the past five yearsC. Cheryl Olson is not surprised about kids‟ increasing use of mobile devicesD. most experts think teenagers should not use electronic devices for their studies45.According to the passage, Victoria Rideout would probably agree that ________.A. kids should do homework while surfing the InternetB. kids should do homework in a place without disturbanceC. kids should spend more time on homeworkD. kids should have more homework than before第二卷（非选择题，共45分）第四部分词汇检测（共10小题；每空格1分，满分10分）根据所给中文或首字母，写出下列各句空格处的单词，注意保持语义和形式的一致，并将答案写在答题纸上。
14—15学年下学期高一期末考试化学(附答案)
2014——2015学年度第二学期高一年级期末化学试卷考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷、第Ⅱ卷和答题卡，共4 页。
满分100分，考试用时80分钟。
考试结束后，请将答题卡卷交回，试题卷自己保存。
2．答题前，请您务必将自己的考号、班级、姓名、学号、考号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写在答题卡上。
3．作答非选择题必须用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律无效。
4．保持答题卷清洁、完整，严禁使用涂改液和修正带。
相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 O 16 Cu 64 Cl 35.5 Zn 65第I卷一、单选题（每空2分，共48分）1、把①蔗糖，②淀粉，③纤维素，④乙酸乙酯在稀硫酸存在下分别进行水解，最终产物只有1种的是A．①和②B．只有③C．只有④D．只有②和③2、下列变化不是化学变化的是A．在蛋白质溶液中，加入饱和硫酸铵溶液，有沉淀析出B．皮肤不慎沾上浓硝酸而呈黄色C．在蛋白质溶液中加入硫酸铜溶液，有沉淀析出D．用稀释的福尔马林溶液浸泡植物种子3、下列关于常见有机物的说法不正确的是A．乙酸和油脂都能与NaOH溶液反应B．蛋白质、纤维素、蔗糖、油脂都是高分子化合物C．淀粉水解与纤维素水解得到的最终产物相同D．乙醇、乙酸和乙酸乙酯能用饱和Na2CO3溶液鉴别4、由海水制备无水氯化镁，主要有以下步骤：①在一定条件下脱水干燥；②加熟石灰；③加盐酸；④过滤；⑤浓缩结晶。
其先后顺序正确的是A．②④⑤③①B．③②④①⑤C．③④②⑤①D．②④③⑤①5、下列有关工业生产的叙述不正确的是A．用海水淡化后的浓缩海水作原料提取溴B．在太阳能资源相对充足的沿海地区建造海水淡化厂C ．利用“海水→氯化钠→金属钠→氢氧化钠”的工艺流程生产烧碱D ．利用“海水→氢氧化镁→氯化镁→金属镁”的工艺流程生产金属镁 6、 有a 、b 、c 、d 四个金属电极，有关的反应装置及部分反应现象如下：A. a>b>c>dB. b>c>d>aC. d>a>b>cD. a>b>d>c 7、下列叙述中正确的是( )A ．除零族元素外，短周期元素的最高化合价在数值上都等于该元素所属的族序数B ．除短周期外，其他周期均有18种元素 C．副族元素中没有非金属元素D ．碱金属元素是指IA 族的所有元素8．卤素是最活泼的一族非金属，下列关于卤族元素的说法正确的是( ) A ．卤素单质的最外层电子数都是7B ．从上到下，卤素原子的电子层数依次增多，半径依次减小C ．从F 到I 原子核对最外层电子的吸引能力依次减弱，原子得电子能力依次减弱D ．卤素单质与H 2化合的容易程度为F 2<Cl 2<Br 2<I 29、钢铁在潮湿的空气中会被腐蚀，发生的原电池反应为：2Fe ＋2H 2O ＋O 2===2Fe(OH)2。
2014-2015学年江苏省南京市高一(下)期末数学试卷
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2014-2015 学
参考答案 试题解析
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小题 5 ，共 70
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﹣1，0 ． 题 要考查 式 等式的解法，体现了转化的数学思想，属于基础题． 16 ．
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14．已知 an=3 ，bn=3n，n∈N ，对于 一个 k∈N ，在 ak ak+1 之间插入 bk 个 3 得到一个 数列{cn}．设 Tn 是数列{cn}的前 n 和，则所有满足 Tm=3cm+1 的 整数 m 的值 ．
江苏省南京市2014-2015学年高一上学期期末考试数学试题(附答案)(2021年整理)
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南京市2014－2015学年度第一学期期末学情调研测试卷高一数学2015.01注意事项：1．本试卷共4页，包括填空题（第1题～第14题)、解答题（第15题～第20题)两部分．本试卷满分为100分，考试时间为100分钟．2．答题前,请务必将自己的姓名、学校、班级、学号写在答题卡的密封线内．试题的答案写在答．题卡．．上对应题目的答案空格内．考试结束后，交回答题卡．一、填空题：本大题共14小题，每小题3分，共42分．请把答案填写在答．题卡．．相应位置．．．．上．1．已知集合A＝{0，2,4，6｝,B＝｛x｜3＜x＜7},则A∩B＝▲．2．函数y＝sin(ωx－错误!）(ω＞0)的最小正周期为π，则ω的值为▲．3．函数f(x)＝2－x的定义域为▲．4．设向量a＝(1,－2），b＝(4，x)，若a∥b，则实数x的值为▲．5．已知f(x）＝错误!则f（f（1))的值为▲．6．在平面直角坐标系中，已知角错误!的终边经过点P,且OP＝2（O为坐标原点），则点P的坐标为▲．7．已知f(x）是定义域为R的偶函数,且x≥0时，f(x)＝3x－1，则f（－1）的值为▲．8．求值:2log212－log29＝▲．9．函数f（x)＝A sin(ωx＋φ）(A＞0,ω＞0，0分图象如图所示，则φ的值为▲．10．已知函数f（x）是定义在R上的奇函数，且在区间[0，＋∞）上是单调减函数．若f（2x＋1）＋f(1）＜0，则x11．已知函数y＝log a(错误!x＋b）（a，b为常数，其中a＞0如图所示,则a＋b的值为▲．（第11题图）12．化简：错误!＝ ▲ ．13．已知在△ABC 中,∠A ＝错误!，AB ＝2，AC ＝4,错误!＝错误!错误!,错误!＝错误!错误!,错误!＝错误!错误!，则错误!·错误!的值为_______．14．若f (x )＝x (|x ｜－2）在区间[－2，m ］上的最大值为1，则实数m的取值范围是 ▲ ．二、解答题：本大题共6小题，共58分．请在答．题卡．．指定区域内．．．．．作答，解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤． 15．（本小题满分8分）已知cos ＝－错误! ,0＜＜．（1)求tan 的值；（）求sin （α＋错误!)的值．16．（本小题满分8分）已知向量a ,b 满足|a ｜＝2，|b ｜＝1，a ，b 的夹角为120°． (1)求a ·b 的值；（2）求向量a －2b 的模．17．（本小题满分10分）ABCDE（第13题图）F已知向量a＝（cosα,sinα),b＝(cosβ，－sinβ)．（1)若α＝错误!，β＝－错误!，求向量a与b的夹角；（2)若a·b＝错误!，tanα＝错误!，且α，β为锐角，求tanβ的值．18．（本小题满分10分）如图所示，某住宅小区有一个矩形休闲广场ABCD，其中AB＝40 米，BC＝30 米，根据小区业主建议，需将其扩大成矩形区域EFGH，要求A、B、C、D四个点分别在矩形EFGH的四条边(不含顶点)上．设∠BAE＝θ,EF长为y米．（1）将y表示成θ的函数；（2）求矩形区域EFGH的面积的最大值．19．（本小题满分10分）已知函数f(x）＝错误!sin x＋cos x．(第18题图)A BC DEGHθ（1)求f（x)的单调递增区间；（2）设g(x）＝f（x)cos x,x∈［0，错误!］,求g(x)的值域．20．(本小题满分12分)若函数f（x)和g(x)满足：①在区间[a,b]上均有定义;②函数y＝f(x）－g（x)在区间［a，b］上至少有一个零点，则称f（x）和g(x）在[a，b］上具有关系G．（1)若f（x)＝lg x，g（x）＝3－x,试判断f（x）和g（x)在[1，4］上是否具有关系G,并说明理由；（2）若f（x)＝2|x－2｜＋1和g(x)＝mx2在[1，4]上具有关系G，求实数m的取值范围．。
南京市雨花区2013-2014学年高一下学期期末考试化学试题
高一化学·第4版（共 6 版） 高一化学·第5版（共6版） 高一化学·第6版（共 6 版）学校： 姓名： 考场： 考号：☼……☼……密……☼……封……☼……线……☼……密……☼……封……☼……线……☼……密……☼……封……☼……线……☼雨花区2014年上学期期末质量检测卷高 一 化 学注意事项：1、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对答题卡上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号； 2、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效； 3、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4、请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁;5、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸;6、本试卷共33个小题,考试时量90分钟，满分100分。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H —1 C —12 O —16 Na —23 一、选择题（本题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
每小题只有一个．．．．选项符合题意） 1.放射性同位素铀U 23592的原子核内的中子数是A.51B.92C.143D.235 2.锌片和碳棒用导线连接后插入稀硫酸中，锌片是 A.阴极 B.正极 C.阳极 D.负极 3.下列微粒中,其核外电子数相同A.①②③B.②③④C.①②④D.①③④4．“绿色化学”追求化工生产对环境零污染，下列物质中可以称为“绿色氧化剂”的是A.浓硫酸B.氯气C.双氧水D.漂白粉 5．下列气态氢化物最稳定的是A.HFB.HClC.HBrD.H 2S 6.在2A ＋B3C ＋5D 反应中，表示该反应速率最快的是A.v(A)=0.5 mol/(L ·s)B.v(B)=0.3 mol/(L ·s)C.v(C)=0.8 mol ／(L ·s)D.v(D)=1 mol/(L ·ｓ) 7.下列反应既属于氧化还原反应，又是吸热反应的是 A.铝与稀盐酸的反应 B.灼热的木炭与CO 2反应C.甲烷在氧气中的燃烧反应D.Ba(OH)2·8H 2O 晶体与NH 4Cl 晶体的反应 8.下列说法正确的是A.凡含碳元素的化合物都是有机化合物B.烃是指仅含碳和氢两种元素的有机物C.烃是指燃烧后生成二氧化碳和水的有机物D.所有的有机物均难溶于水9.用铁片与2mol ／Ｌ稀硫酸反应制取氢气时，下列措施不能使反应速率加快的是 A.滴加ＮaCl 溶液 B.加热 C.换用４mol ／Ｌ硫酸D.换用铁粉10.关于元素周期表的说法正确的是 A.元素周期表有7个周期 B.元素周期表有8个主族 C.ⅠA 族的元素全部是金属元素 D.短周期是指第一、二周期11.下列物质中能与溴水发生化学反应而使褪色的是 A.苯B.四氯化碳C.乙烯D.乙醇12.下列方法中可以用来进行海水淡化的是A.过滤法B.萃取法C.分液法D.蒸馏法 13.下列物质中，只含有共价键的是A. Na 2OB. NaClC. HClD. NaOH 14. “保护环境，就是保护自己。
2014-2015学年度上学期期末考试高一化学试卷(含答案)
2014-2015学年度上学期期末考试高一化学试卷（含答案）可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Na 23 Mg 24 Al 27 S 32 Cl 35.5K 39 Ca 40 Zn 65 Fe 56 Cu 64注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
满分100分。
考试时间100分钟；2．第Ⅰ卷第Ⅱ卷答案用钢笔或签字笔写在答卷正确位置上；第I卷选择题一、选择题（本题包括20小题，每小题2分，共40分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
）1．“化学，让生活更美好”，下列叙述不能直接体现这一主旨的是：A．风力发电，让能源更清洁B．合成光纤，让通讯更快捷C．合成药物，让人类更健康D．环保涂料，让环境更宜居2．下列化学用语正确的是：A．Cl－的结构示意图：B．光导纤维主要成分的化学式：SiIC．质子数为53，中子数为78的碘原子：13153D．H216O、D216O、H218O、D218O互为同位素34．下列操作中，不会发生明显颜色变化的是A．FeSO4溶液中滴入NaOH溶液B．硫酸铁溶液中滴加硫氰化钾溶液C．碳酸氢钠溶液中滴加稀盐酸D．氯化铁溶液中加入还原性铁粉5. 现有三种常见治疗胃病药品的标签：①②③药品中所含的物质均能中和胃里过量的盐酸，下列关于三种药片中和胃酸的能力比较，正确的是（）A．③＞②＞①B．①＞②＞③C．①＝②＝③D．②＞③＞①6．关于NaHCO3与Na2CO3说法正确的是：① NaHCO3固体可以做干粉灭火剂，金属钠起火可以用它来灭火② NaHCO 3粉末中混有Na 2CO 3，可配置成溶液通入过量的CO 2，再低温结晶得到提纯 ③ Ca(HCO 3)2溶解度都比其正盐的溶解度大，因此NaHCO 3的溶解度也比Na 2CO 3大 ④Na 2CO 3固体中混有NaHCO 3，高温灼烧即可⑤区别NaHCO 3与Na 2CO 3溶液，Ca(OH)2溶液和CaCl 2溶液均可用 A ．①③ B ． ③⑤ C ．②④ D ． ②⑤ 7．下列关于Na 及其化合物的叙述正确的是：A ．将钠投入FeSO 4溶液中，可以得到单质铁B ．足量Cl 2、S 分别和二份等质量的Na 反应，前者得到电子多C ．Na 2O 与Na 2O 2中阴阳离子的个数比均为1:2D ．在2Na 2O 2+2H 2O=4NaOH+O 2反应中，每生成1molO 2，消耗2mol 氧化剂 8. 下列常见金属单质的工业冶炼方法正确的是：A ．冶炼钠：电解氯化钠水溶液，同时得到副产品Cl 2、H 2B ．冶炼镁：电解熔融MgCl 2.6H 2O ，同时得到副产品Cl 2，H 2OC ．冶炼铝：电解熔融冰晶石（Na 3AlF 6），同时得到副产品Al 2O 3D ．冶炼铁：高炉中生成CO ，CO 在高温下还原铁矿石，同时得到副产品CaSiO 3 9.设N A 代表阿伏伽德罗常数，下列说法正确的是 A ．1mol MgCl 2中含有的离子数为2N AB ．标准状况下，11.2L H 2O 中含有的原子数为1.5N AC ．标准状况下，22.4L 氦气与22.4L 氯气所含原子数均为2N AD ．常温下，2.7g 铝与足量的盐酸反应，失去的电子数为0.3 N A 10. 下列物质中，既能跟稀硫酸反应，又能跟NaOH 溶液反应的是①Al 2O 3；②Mg(OH)2；③Al(OH)3；④(NH 4)2CO 3；⑤NaHCO 3；⑥AlCl 3 A ．①③⑤⑥ B ．只有①③ C ．只有②③ D ．①③④⑤ 11．等质量的两根镁条，第一根在足量氧气中加热燃烧，第二根在足量CO 2气体中加热燃烧，则下列说法正确的是：①两根镁条失去电子一样多 ②第一镁根条失去电子多 ③第二根镁失去电子多 ④两根镁的产物质量一样大 ⑤第一根镁的产物质量大 ⑥第二根镁的产物质量大A ．①④B ． ①⑥C ．③⑥D ．②⑤12. Fe 和Fe 2O 3 、Fe 3O 4的混合物，加入200mL 5mol·L -1的盐酸，恰好完全溶解，再向其中加入KSCN 溶液，未见血红色，则所得溶液中Fe 2+的物质的量浓度为(假设反应后溶液体积仍为200mL) A 、2.5mol·L -1 B 、lmol·L -1 C 、2mol·L -1 D 、5mol·L -1 13．下列选用的相关仪器符合实验要求的是A ．存放液溴B ．量取9.50 mL 水C ．称量8.55g 氯化钠固体D ．配制240 mL0.1mol/L的NaCl溶液14．下列除去杂质（括号内的物质为杂质）的方法中错误．．的是A．FeSO4 (CuSO4)：加足量铁粉后，过滤B．CO (CO2)：用NaOH溶液洗气后干燥C．MnO2 (KCl)：加水溶解后，过滤、洗涤、烘干D．CO2 (HCl)：用NaOH溶液洗气后干燥15．下列化学反应所对应的离子方程式正确的是：A．氧化铝和过量的氢氧化钠溶液反应：2OH－+Al2O3=2AlO2－+H2B．AlCl3溶液中加过量的氨水：Al3+ + 3NH3·H2O = Al(OH)3↓ + 3NH4+C．明矾溶液中加入过量的Ba(OH)2：Al3+ + SO42— + Ba2+ + 4OH—＝BaSO4↓＋AlO2—＋H2OD．向NaAlO2溶液中通入过量CO2：2AlO2－＋CO2＋3H2O＝2Al(OH)3↓＋CO32－16．已知KMnO4与浓HCl在常温下反应就能产生Cl2。
2015南京市高一(下)化学期末考试试卷
南京市2014——2015学年度第二学期期末学情调研测试高一化学2015.7注意事项1．本试卷包含单项选择题（第1题～第23题，共23题69分）、非选择题（第24题～第26题，共3题31分）共两部分。
答案全部写在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
本次考试时间为75分钟。
毫米签字笔填写在答题纸上。
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题纸毫米签字笔写在答题纸上的指定位置，在其它位置答题一律无效。
本卷可能用到的相对原子质量H 1 C 12 O 16 Cl 35.5 Na 23 Mg 24 K 39 Ag 108一．单项选择题：在每题的4个选项中，只有1个选项是符合要求的（本部分23题，每题3分，共69分）1．中国是世界上最早利用天然气作燃料的国家。
天然气的主要成分是A．H2B．CO C．CO2D．CH42．常温下，铁与下列物质作用能产生H2的是A．浓硫酸B．浓硝酸C．稀硫酸D．稀硝酸3．实验室由海水获得淡水的实验装置是A B C D4．下列属于共价化合物的是A．MgCl2B．H2O C．Na2CO3D．O25．下列过程属于物理变化的是A．石油裂化B．石油分馏C．煤的干馏D．乙烯聚合6．下列属于有机高分子化合物的是A．蛋白质B．乙醇C．乙酸D．葡萄糖7．188O常用作示踪原子。
下列关于188O的说法中正确的是A．质量数是8 B．质子数是8 C．电子数是18 D．中子数是18 8．对于5 %H2O2的分解反应，下列措施能减缓其化学反应速率的是A．加水稀释B．加入MnO2 C．加热D．加入30%的H2O29．下列化学式与指定物质的主要成分对应的是A．Al2(SO4)3—明矾B．Na2CO3—小苏打C．CH3CH2OH—酒精D．NaClO—漂白粉10．下列关于乙酸的说法正确的是A．难溶于水B．是一种无色无味液体C．能发生酯化反应D．酸性比碳酸的酸性弱11．下列各组离子在溶液中能大量共存的是A．NH＋4、K＋、OH－B．Mg2＋、Na＋、Cl－C．Ag＋、Fe3＋、Cl－D．Ba2＋、HCO－3、H＋12．下列物质互为同分异构体的一组是A．CH3OCH3和CH3CH2OH B．甲烷和乙烷C．35Cl与37Cl D．O2和O313．有关反应Cu＋2H2SO4(浓) CuSO4 +SO2↑+2H2O的说法正确的是A．Cu被还原B．Cu发生氧化反应C．H2SO4是还原剂D．H2SO4被氧化14．下列离子方程式书写正确的是A．钠和水反应Na＋H2O = Na++ OHˉ + H2↑B．铜片和氯化铁溶液反应Cu + Fe3+= Cu2+ + Fe2+C．少量二氧化硫与烧碱溶液反应SO2+2OHˉ= SO32ˉ + H2OD．铜与稀硝酸反应Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3ˉ= Cu2++ 2NO↑ + 4H2O 15．用N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。