剑桥雅思11听力Test4答案详细解析Section 3
11月4日雅思听力机经真题答案及解析
11月4日雅思听力机经真题答案及解析section1：section2：section3：两个人谈论关于如何写旅行的调查报告配对答案：Greece: ancient building/museumMexico: food festivalBritain: theatre/national parkIndia: traditional dancesection4：爱尔兰导演，emotions，actors，light，dreams，purpose，accept，family，ages，picnic area一、考试概述本场考试填空类题目为20个，选择类20个，本场考试情景内容难度较低，有较多的选择类题目所以题型难度相对较高。
考察考生理解能力。
Section 1咨询——关于海滨酒店的问卷调查，填空10Section 2介绍——水族馆之类的介绍，选择5+配对5Section 3学生讨论——关于旅游方面的调查，选择6+配对4Section 4社科——爱尔兰导演，填空10二、具体题目分析：Section 1新旧情况：新题场景：咨询——关于海滨酒店的问卷调查题型：填空10参考答案：1. original reason: conference2. present reason: wedding3. no steps4. 餐厅环境: noisy5. not enough meat6. 职业: cook7. 想去的地方: India8. cinema9. insects10. 待补充(答案仅供参考)解析：考察的题型相对简单，考生需要注意同义替换以及对于干扰信息的排除。
参考练习：C7T1S1;C8T2S1Section 2新旧情况：14267场景：介绍——水族馆之类的介绍题型：选择5+配对5参考答案：11. which one is the newest enclosureA. attraction zoneB. MO**KOC. Antarctica12. 公园拥有biggest collection area is for?A. plantsB. mammalsC. birds13. 这个公园希望在哪方面做加强或扩充C. make an upgraded website14. Chose the most popular activity for visitorsA. free walking around penguinsB. underwater see animals15. In the competition, entrants have toA. paint pictures of plants and animalsB. where do the plants and animals come fromC. name different animals and plants16-20A. visit *** regionB. private area to have refreshmentC. watch special animalsD. picking up and holding certain animalsE. half discount for guestsF. a meal with staffsG. visit *** regionH. only members’day16. Keepers’day ------ C17. birthday of children ------ D18. supporter scheme ------ B19. Conservation workshop ------ E20. cooperate guest ------ F(答案仅供参考)解析：话题内容相对简单，但是题型相对较难，考察学生的理解能力以及同义替换的词汇量。
2011英语专四听力真题及答案
Part I DICTATION (15MIN)Listen to the floowing passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you fou r times. Duringthe first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen an d try to understand themeaning. For the second and third reading, the pass age will be read sentece by sentece, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 1 5 sencond. The last reading will be read at normal speedagain and during the time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER S HEET ONE.PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHE (20 MIN)In sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully a nd thenanswer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each que stion on youranswer sheet.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefullyand then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, lis ten to the conversation.1. Which of the statements about the auto show is INCORRECT?A. The show will have more stands this year.B. The show will have more visitors this year.C. The number of overseas visitors will be the same this year.D. The number of exhibition days will be the same this year.2. According to the conversation, the price for a stand would includeA. a catalogue.B. a poster.C. two desks.D. four chairs.3. During the conversation, the man seems to be more interested inA. the size of the show.B. the cost of the stand.C. the basic furniture.D. the visitor number.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, lis ten to the conversation.4. What is Jim interested in?A. Investing in the company’s product.B. Buying a new educational computer.C. Joining the computer company.D. Reading the campaign plan.5. The advertisements will be placed in all the following EXCEPTA. family magazines.B. Sunday newspapers.C. morning television.D. teenage magazines.6. The advertisements are intended to be seen byA. parents only.B. children only.C. school teachers.D. whole families.7. Linda sounds______about the success of the campaign plan.A. confidentB. hesitantC. uncertainD. delightedQuestions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of th e conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, li sten to the conversation.8. John has worked in all the following places EXCEPTA. a book shop.B. a paper factory.C. a school.D. a fastfood restaurant.9. From the conversation, we learn that JohnA. has no interest.B. has only one interest.C. has two interests.D. has quite a few interests.10. Sue Green seems to be more interested in John’s experience ofA. working in a paper factory.B. working in a youth club.C. looking after his brother and sister.D. looking after his young friends.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section ,you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefull y andthen answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the pas sage, youwill be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11. According to the passage, the average age of the fleet of Delta/Northwest isA. 10 years.B. 14 years.C. 16 years.D. 20 years.12. It can be learned from the passage thatA. air journeys are quite often far from comfortable.B. air travellers usually enjoy luxury during flight.C. air travellers usually enjoy upgraded conditions.D. airlines always provide good in-flight entertainment.13. Older planes can stay safe for more than 25 years because of the following EXCEPTA. new engines.B. strong materials.C. proper maintenance.D. new interior.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the pas sage, youwill be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14. Which job will involve supervising workers using dangerous equipment?A. Assistant site manager.B. Carpenter supervisor.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Automobile service station manager.15. Who will also decide on the prices of products and services?A. Airlines’flight service manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Assistant site manager.D. Carpenter supervisor.16. Who may also do some of the work he supervises?A. Assistant site manager.B. Airlines’flight service manager.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Carpenter supervisor.17. Which job offers the highest salary?A. Assistant site manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Carpenter supervisor.D. Ai rlines’flight service manager.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the pas sage, youwill be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18. Where were the two men filmed?A. In the jewelry shop.B. In the City Mall.C. Near the lorry.D. In the parking lot.19. Witnesses saw the two menA. leave the lorry together.B. leave the lorry without hoods.C. run back to the lorry separately.D. run back to the lorry without hoods.20. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. The lorry was originally painted white.B. The lorry had no registration plates.C. The shorter man was the passenger.D. The taller man was the driver.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section ,you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and thenanswer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21. What did NASA’s Constellation Programme originally plan to do?A. To set up a moon colony by 2020.B. To send astronauts again to the moon by 2020.C. To continue the current shuttle missions till 2020.D. To create more jobs for NASA till 2020.22. NA SA’s Constellation Programme would be cancelled mainly becauseA. there were important space missions.B. the space agency lacked funding for the programme.C. the current shuttle missions would continue.D. Congress failed to pass President Obama’s budget.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23. The Russian cargo ship was sinking. What was the direct cause?A. No explanation of the problem.B. Long distance away from land.C. Slow rescue efforts.D. Severe weather.24. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a possible means of rescue?A. Aircraft.B. Tugboat.C. Nearby cargo ship.D. Vessels at the oil rig.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25. Why did the singers meet in Hollywood?A. To raise money for African humanitarian efforts.B. To raise money for Haitian earthquake victims.C. To sing in memory of Michael Jackson.D. To make a recording of the original version of the song.26. Which o the following details about the news is INCORRECT?A. The organizer is one of the co-writers of the first song.B. Singers will use the same recording studio as in 1985.C. The recording session s expected to last long.D. Stars from the original version will take part.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, youwill be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. The additional 2 billion dollars will mainly be used toA. upgrade its network capacity.B. improve customer services.C. develop new products.D. market more iPhones.28. Where does AT&T face difficulties in particular?A. Nationwide.B. Overseas.C. In large cities.D. In remote towns.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Where is the presence of security patrols most evident?A. Where matches take place.B. Where protests may take place.C. In downtown Vancouver.D. Around the athletes’ village.30. What is this news item mainly about?A. Political protest during the Olympics.B. Security operations during the Olympics.C. Olympics’security forces.D. Security measures in buildings.Part I DICTATION (15MIN)British Holidaying HabitsIn the late 1970s, air travel became affordable for the average family in the UK, and morepeople started travelling abroad for their summer holidays. Afte r all, the British weather wasn’tvery good, even in summer, so a lot of people left the country for a vacation.In the 1980s and 1990s, young people in the UK became wealthier on averag e. As a result, theystarted to go abroad in groups, to places such as Spain an d Greece. Once they arrived at their destination, they met with other groups of young people and had one long party.British holidaying habits have begun to change, however. Climate change me ans that the UKnow has a hotter climate, so people do not need to go oversea s to find good weather. Also,going abroad is more expensive. As a result, mor e British people are choosing to spend theirsummer holidays in the UK.PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHE (20 MIN)SECTION A CONVERSATIONSQuestions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation.Woman: Good afternoon, International Trade Center Exhibition Services. How can I help?Man: Oh, hello. I’d like some information about exhibiting at the International Automobile Show.Woman: The Auto Show? So, what would you like to know?Man: First, can you give me an idea of how big the fair is?Woman: Well,121 companies had stands last year and that figure should be up to 140 thist ime.Man: Sorry, how many?Woman: 140.Man: What about visiting numbers?Woman: Over the two days, we had 16,500 visitors, so with more stands we’d hope for morepeople this time.Man: And where did they typically come from?Woman: About 57% were from overseas: America and Europe, Japan, Singap ore and SouthKorea. The remained were local people.Man:That’s interesting. Now, a few practical questions. We’re thinking of taking a stand about45 square meters. How much will that cost us?Woman: $400 per square meter.Man: Sorry, can you give me the cost again?Woman: Yes. It’s $400. So if you’re looking at 45 square meters, it would be, let me see, $18000. But that’s just the cost for a basic stand.Man: What does the price include?Woman: You get a listing in the catalogue in both Chinese and English, some basic furniture——a desk and four chairs, and electricity in lighting.Man: So anything else would be extra like a poster.Woman:That’s right.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation.Man: Hello Linda.Woman: Hello Jim.Man:I’m thinking of investing in your new educational computer that your co mpany hasproduced. And I’m interested in the advertising campaign. Woman: Oh, thank you. What would you like to know?Man:I’ve read your campaign plan. It looks OK. I only have a couple of ques tions, mainlyabout where you intend to place these advertisements. Woman: Well, as you can see from the plan, we intend to place them in famil y magazines andon early evening television. We want whole families that par ents and children to see them.Man:Mmm…but are you sure they’ll be the right families?Woman: The right families? Well…Man: I mean are you certain that the parents who read those magazines and watch thosetelevision programs are the people who will buy an educational c omputer for their children?Woman: Yes, we are quite certain. A market research shows that…Man: Good. I’m sure you’re right. And I see that you’re thinking of placing ad vertisements inteenage magazines as well.Woman: Yes, we intend to place them in some teenage magazines, the more serious ones,you know. And we’re also thinking of putting them in Sunday ne wspapers because it’s likelythat the whole family will be together on Sundays. Man: I see, but do you really think that the parents and children will like the s ameadvertisements?Woman:We’ve done the research and we think they’ll like our advertisements. Man: Good.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation.Woman: Hello. I’m Sue Green. You must be John Fox.Man: Yes, I am.Woman: Thanks for coming to the job interview. Let me ask you a few quest ions.Man: Yes, please.Woman: Have you got any work experience?Man: Yes. I had a job in a paper factory for a few months after I left school. T hen I worked inthe summer holidays in the university, first in a fast-food rest aurant, then at a book shop.Woman: Ok. Do you drive? Have you got a driving license?Man: Yes, I have.Woman:That’s fine then. So what kind of interests do you have?Man: Interests? Well, I like travelling. I play a lot of sports and I play the pian o.Woman: What sorts of sports do you like?Man: Football, tennis and swimming.Woman: Right. And what sort of music do you play?Man: Oh, a lot of, different types, classical, jazz.Woman: Ok, the most important question now. What experience have you ha d with children?Man: Well, I’ve looked after my brother and sister as babies and as they’re yo ung children. Ialso worked with children in a youth club.Woman: A youth club?Man: Yes. I’ve been working as a helper in a youth club since I studied in univ ersity as a sort ofa volunteer with teenagers.Woman: Good. Ok, well, let you know our decisions in a few days.Man: Thank you.SECTION B PASSAGESQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.Few people expect luxury while flying, but these days, even the basic seems to be in badshape. It’s not uncommon to find your trade table broken, the in -flight entertainment system not working and your seat cushion worn. All of this can make you think how old is this plane anyway.The reality for many US air travelers is that most of their journeys take place on planes thathave been in service for a decade or more. The average age of the fleet of the seven large USApassenger airlines is about 14 years old accor ding to the airline monitor. It found American andDelta Northwest have the ol dest fleets at about 16 years on average.At the end of 2008, a small percentage of the merged Delta Northwest planes dated back to thelate 1960s.“US. fleets are among the oldest in the world,” said Richard Albelafia, an elev ation analyst,“I’m not really sure that people should read that much into that.” Albelafia sa id,“ Forthe safe ty’s stand point, a lot of the old planes will build tougher and wit h proper maintenance. There’s no reason why a plane can stay safe for 25 t o 30 years. It’s alsoimportant to remember that the plane may be 20 years o ld, but its engines and other majorsystems could be recently manufactured an d upgraded.” said Albelafia,“There’s less pressure on the airlines to upgrade the interior unless the safet y issue or redesign that will save money.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage.Higher education isn’t for everyone and people have a variety of parts to cho ose from oncethey graduate from high school. They might know from the star t that they want to go street tothe professional world. If you’re in the marke t for a job that doesn’t require a degree but doescome with a nice salary, her e are a few jobs to consider:Assembly supervisors oversee workers who put together products by using p ower tools orother dangerous equipment; the annual salary is $59,926.At construction side assistant site managers report to the head site manage r and plan, directand coordinate the necessary tasks to complete that day’s activities. Salary: $86,584.And automobile service station manager draws up guidelines for gas stations and automobilerepair shops and decides on our operations, a signs of job duti es, and sets prices for servicesand products. Salary: $81,793.Carpenter supervisors oversee carpentry work on a specify project to ensur e that workers onschedule and executing the plan accordingly. The supervisor s also perform some of carpenter duties if time permits. Salary: $70,565.Airlines flight services managers ensure that flight attendance adhere to pe rsonal experienceand pre-flight requirements. They also compile fly reports. Salary: $ 67,766.Illustrators design funs and imges for variety of media from website to printi ng campaigns andvideo. They often work for advertisement agencies. Salary: $54,995.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage.The police released the first video images yesterday of the two men believed t o have beeninvolved in robbing a jewelry shop in the city seven days ago. B ut the video pictures taken aweek ago were not very clear. The camera which filmed the men was about 200 meters awayfrom a parked lorry which the ro bbers later used as a get-away vehicle. The men were alsofilmed wearing ho ods as they ran towards the lorry after the robbery. The pictures are timed at 9:05 a.m. last Saturday, just half an hour before the robbery occurred. Witne sses have confirmed that at some time during this half hour, they saw the tw o men without hoods leavethe lorry separately. Despite the quality of the vid eo, the police believe the robbers are distinct enough to be identified. The fi rst suspect who got out of the driver side of the lorry wasabout 5 foot 6 inch es tall and fat. He was wearing a grey jacket with a hood and dark trousers. The passenger was slimmer and slightly taller, about 5 foot 8 inches and was wearing light bluejeans and a white jacket with a hooded jogging top. Accord ing to the police, the lorry stored inthe parking lot of the city mall last month had been repainted from white to silver and fadedwith false registration plate s.ECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item 1 (For Questions 21 and 22)American astronauts would not return to the moon as planed if US congress passes presidentObama’s proposed budget. Obama’s budget which aims to c ut funding in certain areas whileincreasing money used to create jobs would cancel NASA’s constellation programme. Theprogramme has sought to send a stronauts back to the moon by 2020. NASA’s programme also intended to stu dy the idea of establishing a moon colony. The programme was set to followt he US space agency’s shuttle missions which are due to end in September. O n its website, theWhite House Budget Office says the programme to send astr onauts to the moon is behindschedule, over budget and overall less importa nt than other space investments.“Using abroad range of criteria, an independent review panel determined t hat even if fully fundedNASA’s programme to repeat many of the achievemen ts of the Appolo era,50 years later wasthe least attractive approach to space exploration as co mpared to potential alternatives.”the site says.News Item 2 (For Questions 23 and 24)A Russian cargo ship with about 30 crew members aboard was in danger of sinking offRussia’s eastern coast while storming weather interfered with resc ue efforts , sate-run Itar-Tass news agency said Friday.Ice had formed on the outside of the ship and the crew was chipping it off. T he crew sent outthe distressed signal but there was no explanation of the problem. Because of the severe weather aircraft can’t be used to rescue the crew. According to Itar-Tass the vessel is about19 miles from the oil rig wh ere rescue vessels are based, while a tugboat dispatched from landwere still about 4 times farther away.“The cargo ship had been on route to a fishing areawhen it experienced pr oblems.” The news agency reported, “The ship hauls fish from boats toports.”News Item 3 (For Questions 25 and 26)Dozens of recording stars began converging on a Hollywood studio Monday t o add their voicesto a song. They hoped to raise millions of dollars for Haitian earthquake relief. The words andmusic are updated version of we’re the wo rld, a song that raised at least $30 million for Africanhumanitarian programm e 25 years ago. Lionel Richie who co-worked the first song with MachaelJacks on is organizing the effort. The original producer Quincy Jones is using the s ame studiohe used in 1985. Reporters and security surrounded Hanson Studios, anticipating the arrival oflimousines delivering stars on Monday afternoon for what is expect to be a marathon recording session. Smoky Robinson who sang on the original said the at least 100 singers asked to takepart does not include any of the 45 stars from the previous version. Organizers have not s aidwhen the song might be ready for the world to hear.News Item 4 (For Questions 27 and 28)AT & T plans to spend 18 billion dollars in 2010 upgrading its wireless ne tworks to handle the increasing amount of new traffic. This is roughly 2 billion dollars more than the company hadinvested in the previous year. Specificall y AT & T will add 2000 new cell sites and upgrade existing cell sites wit h 3 times more fiber links than it had in 2009. This will increase capacity to c onnect the cell towers to AT & T’s main network. AT & T, which is theonly wireless operator in the US selling iPhone, had been a target of much criticism over thispast year as many iPhone subscribers, particularly in densel y populated urban areas havecomplained about dropped calls, slow Internet access and poor service. Some critics claimed thecompany has not been spen ding enough on network upgrades to keep up with growingdemand. AT &am p; T has acknowledged that it has faced some difficulties particularly in bigciti es, but the company is closing the gap.News Item 5 (For Questions 29 and 30)An Olympics security plan, five years in the making, is taking shape in Vanco uver this week.The Canadian police since handing up the 900 million dollars s ecurity operation the largest inCanada’s history. It would involve 15,000 pol ice, private security and military personnel. TheWinter Olympics would take pace Feb.12 to 28 in 2010 in Vancouver. Political protest may postbig threats to the g ames. The threat of a terrorist attack is really as low, but the memory ofthe 1972 Monich Olympics has not gone away. That year a terrorist group attacke d the athletes’village,eventually killing 11 Israeli athletes and coaches. It is no coincidence that in Vancouver security patrols are particularly evident ar ound the low-rise apartment buildings where theathletes would be housed. In downtown Vancouver some roads are already closed and rings of security fe ncing surround some key venues. Perched on top of fencing is never work fro m 900surveillance cameras to detect intrusions.。
剑桥雅思11口语 Test4 Part3
雅思为各位考生推荐复习材料-剑11口语 Test4 Part3-Different types of TV programmes,需要本教程其他单元的口语范文，请点击：剑11口语 Test3 Part1范文-Photographs；剑11口语 Test3 Part2范文-weather；剑11口语 Test3 Part3范文-Types of weather。
Discussion topics:Different types of TV programmesExample questions:What are the most popular kinds of TV programmes in your country? Why is this?Do you think there are too many game shows on TV nowadays? Why?Do you think TV is the main way for people to get the news in your country? What other ways are there?TV advertisingExample questions:What types of products are advertised most often on TV?Do you think that people pay attention to adverts on TV? Why do you think that is?How important are regulations on TV advertising?题目一：What are the most popular kinds of TV programmes in your country? Why is this?1.结构提示：There are so many kinds of TV programmes are popular in my countryThe and are very popular TV programmes in my country for they targetas the main audience2.要点提示：TV play/TV series/ups and downs in the plot/kill time/ amusing/down to earth/depict common people’s life题目二：Do you think there are too many game shows on TV nowadays? Why?1.结构提示：Exactly/ielts/cb11/ I don’t make a comment because I never seegame shows on TV/ielts/cb11/ I don’t think so.TV stations tailor game shows for different kinds of audience2.要点提示：entertainment/catch the eye/benefit from the advertisers/see what superstars look like in real life题目三：Do you think TV is the main way for people to get the news in your country? What other ways are there?1.结构提示：Not really/ielts/cb11/Of course not/ielts/cb11/Definitely.There are also some other ways for people to get the news naturally, is the most common one nowadaysYou see, are more common ways for people to get the news2.要点提示：update/instantaneity/Webchat/Microblog题目四：What types of products are advertised most often on TV?1.结构提示：Talking about the products that are advertised most often on TV2.要点提示：Commodity/Daily necessities/what matters about routine and mundane life/women and babies/grasp the need of customers题目五：Do you think that people pay attention to adverts on TV? Why do you think that is?1.结构提示：Yes/ielts/cb11/Certainly/ielts/cb11/In my opinion, they don’t care adverts at all.Adverts are often inserted into a formal TV programme Consequently, we have to bear。
剑桥11 T2 S3+4听力文本
Now when we get to our findings I thought we could divide them up into the different zoneswe identified on the shore and the problems organisms face in each zone.So for the highest area.....The splash zone?Yeah, we found mostly those tiny shellfish that have strong hard shells that act as protection.But not from other organisms that might eat them, predators?No, that's not the main danger for them.But the shells prevent them from drying out because they're in the open air for most of the time. Right. And since they're exposed, they need to be able to find some sort of shelter,or cover themselves up, so they don't get too hot.Then in the middle and lower zones, nearer the sea, we need to discuss the effects of wave action...Yes, and how organisms develop structures to prevent themselves from being swept away,or even destroyed by being smashed against the rocks.I haven't done anything on the geological changes. I don't know what to put for that.No, we weren't concentrating on that. Maybe we need to find some websites.Good idea. I've got the lecture notes from Mr. Blake's geology course, but they're too general. But we could ask him which books on our Reading List might be most helpful.Right. OK, now I did a draft of the section of sources of possible error in our research,but I don't know if you agree.For example, the size of the sample, and whether it's big enough to make any general conclusions from.But I thought actually we did have quite a big sample.We did. And our general method of observation seemed quite reliable.But we might not be all that accurate as far as the actual numbers go.Yeah, we might have missed some organisms —if they were hiding under a rock for example.I wasn't sure about the way we described their habitats.I decided it was probably OK.Yeah, and the descriptions we gave of the smaller organisms, they weren't very detailed,but they were adequate in this context.I'm not sure we identified all the species correctly though.OK, we'd better mention that. Now, how we...S4We've been discussing the factors the architect has to consider when designing domestic buildings.I'm going to move on now to consider the design of public buildings,and I'll illustrate this by referring to the new Taylor Concert Hall that's recently been completed here in the city.So, as with a domestic building, when designing a public building, an architect needs to consider the function of the buildingfor example, is it to be used primarily for entertainment, or for education, or for administration? The second thing the architect needs to think about is the context of the building,this includes its physical location obviously but it also includes the social meaning of the building, how it relates to the people it's built for.And finally for important public buildings,the architect may also be looking for a central symbolic idea on which to base the design,a sort of metaphor for the building and the way in which it is used.Let's look at the new Taylor Concert Hall in relation to these ideas.The location chosen was a site in a run-down district that has been ignored in previous redevelopment plans.It was occupied by a factory that had been empty for some years.The whole area was some distance from the high-rise office blocks of the central business district and shopping centre,but it was only one kilometre from the ring road.The site itself was bordered to the north by a canalwhich had once been used by boats bringing in raw materials when the area was used for manufacturing.The architect chosen for the project was Tom Harrison.He found the main design challenge was the location of the site in an area that had no neighbouring buildings of any importance.To reflect the fact that the significance of the building in this quite run-down location was as yet unknown,he decided to create a building centred around the idea of a mystery--something whose meaning still has to be discovered.So how was this reflected in the design of the building?Well, Harrison decided to create pedestrian access to the building and to make use of the presence of water on the site.As people approach the entrance they therefore have to cross over abridge.He wanted to give people a feeling of suspense as they see the building first from a distance, and then close-up,and the initial impression he wanted to create from the shape of the building as a whole was that of a box.The first side that people see, the southern wall, is just a high, flat wall uninterrupted by any windows.This might sound off-putting, but it supports Harrison's concept of the buildingthat the person approaching is intrigued and wonders what will be inside.And this flat wall also has another purpose.At night-time projectors are switched on and it functions as a huge screen onto which images are projected.PART 2The auditorium itself seats 1500 people.The floor's supported by ten massive pads.These are constructed from rubber,and so are able to absorb any vibrations from outside and prevent them from affecting the auditorium.The walls are made of several layers of honey-coloured wood, all sourced from local beech trees. In order to improve the acoustic properties of the auditorium and to amplify the sound,they are not straight, they are curved.The acoustics are also adjustable according to the size of orchestra and the type of music being played.In order to achieve this, there are nine movable panels in the ceiling above the orchestra which are all individually motorized,and the walls also have curtains which can be opened or closed to change the acoustics.The reaction of the public to the new building has generally been positive.However the evaluation of some critics has been less enthusiastic.In spite of Harrison's efforts to use local materials they criticise the style of the design as being international rather than local,and say it doesn't reflect features of the landscape or society for which it is built.剑桥雅思听力11原文(test3)SECTION 1 Questions 1-10Questions 1-6Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.Free activities in the Burnham areaExampleThe caller wants to find out about events onA 27 June.B 28 June.29 June.1 The ‘Family Welcome’event in the art gallery begins atA 10 am.B 10.30 am.C 2 pm.2 The film that is now shown in the ‘Family Welcome’event is aboutA sculpture.B painting.C ceramics.3 When do most of the free concerts take place?A in the morningB at lunchtimeC in the evening4 Where will the 4 pm concert of Latin American music take place?A in a museumB in a theatreC in a library5 The boat race begins atA Summer Pool.B Charlesworth Bridge.C Offord Marina.6 One of the boat race teamsA won a regional competition earlier this year.B has represented the region in a national competition.C has won several regional competitions.Questions 7-10Complete the sentences below.Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.Paxton Nature Reserve7 Paxton is a good place for seeing rare __________ all year round.8 This is a particularly good time for seeing certain unusual __________.9 Visitors will be able to learn about __________ and then collect some.10 Part of the __________ has been made suitable for swimming.SECTION 2 Questions 11-20Questions 11-15Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.Changes in Barford over the last 50 years11 In Shona’s opinion, why do fewer people use buses in Barford these days?A The buses are old and uncomfortable.B Fares have gone up too much.C There are not so many bus routes.12 What change in the road network is known to have benefited the town most?A the construction of a bypassB the development of cycle pathsC the banning of cars from certain streets13 What is the problem affecting shopping in the town centre?A lack of parking spacesB lack of major retailersC lack of restaurants and cafes14 What does Shona say about medical facilities in Barford?A There is no hospital.B New medical practices are planned.C The number of dentists is too low.15 The largest number of people are employed inA manufacturing.B services.C education.Questions 16-20What is planned for each of the following facilities?Choose FIVE answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-G, next to Questions 16-20.PlansA It will move to a new location.B It will have its opening hours extended.C It will be refurbished.D It will be used for a different purpose.E It will have its opening hours reduced.F It will have new management.G It will be expanded.Facilities16 railway station car park __________17 cinema __________18 indoor market __________19 library __________20 nature reserve __________SECTION 3 Questions 21-30Questions 21-26Complete the table below.Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.Subject of drawing Change to be madeA 21 __________ surrounded by trees Add Malcolm and a 22 __________ noticing himPeople who are 23 __________ outside the forest Add Malcolm sitting on a tree trunk and 24 __________Ice-skaters on 25 __________ covered with ice Add a 26 __________ for each personQuestions 27-30Who is going to write each of the following parts of the report?Write the correct letter, A-D, next to Questions 27-30.A Helen onlyB Jeremy onlyC both Helen and JeremyD neither Helen nor JeremyParts of the report27 how they planned the project __________28 how they had ideas for their stories __________29 an interpretation of their stories __________30 comments on the illustrations __________SECTION 4 Questions 31-40Complete the notes below.Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.ETHNOGRAPHY IN BUSINESSEthnography: research which explores human culturesIt can be used in business:to investigate customer needs and 31 __________to help companies develop new designsExamples of ethnographic research in businessKitchen equipmentResearchers found that cooks could not easily see the 32 __________ in measuring cups.Cell phonesIn Uganda, customers paid to use the cell phones of entrepreneurs.These customers wanted to check the 33 __________ used.Computer companiesThere was a need to develop 34 __________ to improve communication between system administrators and colleagues.HospitalsNurses needed to access information about 35 __________ in different parts of the hospital.AirlinesRespondents recorded information about their 36 __________ while travelling.Principles of ethnographic research in businessThe researcher does not start off with a hypothesis.Participants may be selected by criteria such as age, 37 __________ or product used.The participants must feel 38 __________ about taking part in the research.There is usually direct 39 __________ of the participants.The interview is guided by the participant.A lot of time is needed for the 40 __________ of the data.Researchers look for a meaningful pattern in the data.。
每日英语听力 剑桥雅思听力 11
每日英语听力剑桥雅思听力11全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Cambridge IELTS 11 is a comprehensive listening practice book designed for students preparing for the IELTS exam. This book contains 4 complete practice tests that cover a wide range of topics and question types commonly found in the IELTS listening section. In this article, we will explore the contents of Cambridge IELTS 11 and discuss how it can help improve your listening skills.Each practice test in Cambridge IELTS 11 follows the format of the actual IELTS listening test, consisting of four sections with ten questions each. The recordings are of native English speakers and cover a variety of accents, including British, Australian, American, and Canadian. This helps students familiarize themselves with different accents and improve their listening comprehension skills.One of the key features of Cambridge IELTS 11 is the accompanying audio CD, which allows students to listen to the recordings and practice answering the questions in a timedsetting. This helps simulate the test-taking experience and prepares students for the pacing and pressure of the actual exam.In addition to the practice tests, Cambridge IELTS 11 also includes detailed answer keys and transcripts of the recordings. This allows students to check their answers and review any mistakes they may have made. The answer keys also provide explanations for why certain answers are correct, helping students understand the reasoning behind the correct responses.Overall, Cambridge IELTS 11 is a valuable resource for students seeking to improve their listening skills and score higher on the IELTS exam. By practicing with the authentic recordings and questions in this book, students can become more familiar with the format of the test and develop strategies for answering different types of questions effectively.In conclusion, Cambridge IELTS 11 is a highly recommended book for anyone preparing for the IELTS listening test. With its realistic practice tests, diverse range of topics, and comprehensive answer keys, this book provides everything students need to succeed in the listening section of the exam. So,grab a copy of Cambridge IELTS 11 and start practicing your listening skills today!篇2Title: Daily English Listening - Cambridge IELTS Listening 11Introduction:Daily English listening practice is essential for improving language comprehension and fluency. The Cambridge IELTS Listening series is a valuable resource for those preparing for the IELTS exam, as it provides authentic listening materials in various accents and topics. In this article, we will explore the content and benefits of Cambridge IELTS Listening 11.Content:Cambridge IELTS Listening 11 consists of four practice tests, each with different themes and accents. The first test focuses on a conversation between two students discussing a presentation about climate change. The second test features a monologue about urban planning. The third test is a conversation between a student and a professor about an art gallery visit. The fourth test involves a panel discussion on business marketing strategies.Each practice test is designed to simulate the format and difficulty level of the IELTS Listening section. The audio recordings range from British to Australian accents, exposing learners to a variety of English-speaking styles. Additionally, the topics covered in the tests are relevant and engaging, making the listening practice more enjoyable and effective.Benefits:Practicing with Cambridge IELTS Listening 11 offers several benefits to English learners preparing for the IELTS exam. Firstly, it helps improve listening skills by providing exposure to different accents and speech patterns. This is crucial for understanding native speakers in real-life situations.Secondly, the practice tests in Cambridge IELTS Listening 11 help learners familiarize themselves with the question types and formats commonly found in the IELTS Listening section. By practicing these tests regularly, test-takers can improve their ability to navigate through the questions efficiently and accurately during the exam.Lastly, Cambridge IELTS Listening 11 allows learners to assess their listening proficiency and track their progress over time. By listening to the recorded conversations and monologues multiple times, learners can identify areas ofimprovement and focus on enhancing their listening comprehension skills.Conclusion:In conclusion, daily English listening practice with resources like Cambridge IELTS Listening 11 is essential for language learners preparing for the IELTS exam. By engaging with authentic listening materials and practicing regularly, learners can enhance their listening skills, familiarize themselves with the IELTS Listening section, and track their progress effectively. Incorporating daily English listening practice into one's study routine is a valuable investment in improving language proficiency and achieving success in the IELTS exam.篇3Title: Daily English Listening - Cambridge IELTS Listening Test 11IntroductionIn today's fast-paced world, English proficiency has become essential for communication, job opportunities, and academic advancement. One of the key skills required for English proficiency is listening. To enhance your listening skills, regular practice and exposure to different accents and speech patternsare crucial. A great way to improve your English listening skills is by engaging in daily English listening exercises.Cambridge IELTS Listening Test 11 is an excellent resource for individuals looking to improve their English listening skills. This test is specifically designed for those preparing for the IELTS exam, but it can also benefit anyone looking to enhance their understanding of the English language.Main BodyThe Cambridge IELTS Listening Test 11 consists of four sections, with each section focusing on different types of listening exercises. These sections cover a range of topics, including education, travel, technology, and social issues. The test features a variety of speakers, accents, and speaking speeds, which helps simulate real-life listening situations.The first section of the test focuses on a conversation between two speakers. This section is designed to test your ability to understand the main ideas and details of a conversation. The speakers may discuss a variety of topics, such as making travel plans, renting an apartment, or solving a problem at work. It is important to listen carefully and take notes to ensure you grasp the key points of the conversation.The second section of the test features a monologue by a speaker. In this section, the speaker may provide information on a specific topic, share personal experiences, or give instructions for completing a task. It is important to pay close attention to the speaker's tone, intonation, and emphasis to fully understand the content of the monologue.The third section of the test consists of a conversation between up to four speakers. This section is designed to test your ability to understand multiple speakers interacting in a group setting. The speakers may discuss a range of topics, such as planning an event, solving a problem, or making a decision. It is important to focus on how the speakers interact with each other and how their ideas are connected.The fourth section of the test focuses on a monologue or presentation by a speaker. This section may feature a lecture, seminar, or speech on a specific topic. It is important to listen for key points, examples, and supporting details to fully comprehend the content of the presentation.ConclusionEngaging in daily English listening exercises, such as the Cambridge IELTS Listening Test 11, is a great way to improve your English listening skills. By regularly practicing listening to avariety of accents, speakers, and speech patterns, you can enhance your ability to understand and communicate in English. Additionally, listening to different topics and types of conversations can help expand your vocabulary and improve your overall language proficiency. So, make a commitment to daily English listening exercises, and you will see a significant improvement in your English listening skills over time.。
雅思听力场景之section3常见场景详解
雅思听力场景之section3常见场景详解雅思听力从section3开始逐渐变难。
场景也由生活休闲为主转为学术场景为主。
本文主要向大家介绍雅思听力section3中的2个最为常见的场景，均为学术场景，请看下文。
雅思听力场景之section3常见场景详解雅思听力场景之section3常见场景详解为大家带来雅思听力中第三段对话(section3)中常常出现的场景并作详细的解析。
雅思听力共4个section，难度依次递增，从section3开始，大多涉及学术性场景。
section3中常常出现的2大场景都是学术场景。
场景一：作业作业(assignment)是这部分考题中最常见的两种场景之一，出现频率相当高。
根据做作业的过程，可分为作业前的准备，作业中的讨论以及作业后的总结三种类型。
分析发现，在考试中出现的作业种类以作调研写论文为主，简单的就写essay，或者是report，复杂一些的会写形式内容要求比较高的学术论文(paper、dissertation、thesis)。
有时论文会以小组形式完成，做一个groupwork或project。
作业的话题多种多样，考试中比较常见的是和商业相关的内容，通常会提到市场营销(marketing)和广告(advertisement/commercial)，这种话题和我们生活比较接近，相对好理解。
也有其他复杂的话题如环境保护(environmentalprotection)、动物学(zoology)、音乐对于消费者进食的影响(music’seffectoncustomers)、飞机的发明(theinventionoftheplane)等。
作业前的准备根据作业的不同要求，学生需要做一些准备工作(preparationwork)。
学生可以去图书馆借阅资料来寻找灵感，或者根据老师的书单(booklist)查阅资料，如期刊(journal)、文学回顾(literaturereview)、参考书(referencebooks)等。
剑桥雅思IELTS 4 听力完整答案
TEST 3 TEST 4
1. 1-1/2 years 2. Forest / Forrest 3. Academic 4. Thursday 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. deposit 9. monthly 10. telephone / phone 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. lighting / lights / light 16. adult / adults 17. (at/the) Studio Theatre / Studio Theater 18. the whole family / all the family / families 19. (in) City Gardens / the City Gardens / outdoors 20. young children / younger children / children 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. B 31. questionnaire 32. approximately 2,000 / about 2,000 33. Education 34. halls of residence / living quarters 35. traffic, parking 36. lecture rooms / lecture halls / lecture theatres / lecture theaters 37. (choice of / room for) facilities 38. D, F 39. B 40. A, C 1. College Dining Room 2. office staff 3. students 4. 10th December 5. coffee break / coffee breaks 6. 6 7. set of dictionaries / dictionaries / a good dictionary 8. tapes 9. photos / photographs 10. speech 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. B 16. 180 17. nearest station 18. local history 19. 690 20. walking club / local walking club 21. 20 balloons 22. units of measurement / measurements / measurement units 23. rock salt / salt 24. crystals 25. string / pieces of string 26. (ordinary/white) light 27. H 28. B 29. E 30. C 31. 795 32. tail 33. floor / bed / bottom 34. sense of smell 35. A 36. A 37. B 38.案
剑桥雅思阅读11真题及答案解析(test3)
剑桥雅思阅读11真题及答案解析(test3)剑桥雅思阅读11原文(test3)1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.THE STORY OF SILKThe history of the world’s most lu某urious fabric, from ancient China to the present daySilk is a fine, smooth material produced from the cocoons — soft protective shells — that are made by mulberry silkworms (insect larvae). Legend has it that it was Lei Tzu, wife of the Yellow Emperor, ruler of China in about 3000 BC, who discovered silkworms. One account of the story goes that as she was taking a walk in her husband’s gardens, she discovered that silkworms were responsiblefor the destruction of several mulberry trees. She collected a number of cocoons and sat down to have a rest. It just so happened that while she was sipping some tea, one of the cocoons that she had collected landed in the hot tea and started to unravel into a fine thread. Lei Tzu found that she could wind this thread around her fingers. Subsequently, she persuaded her husband to allow her to rear silkworms on a grove of mulberry trees. She also devised a special reel to draw the fibres from the cocoon into a single thread so that they would be strong enough to be woven into fabric. While it is unknown just how much of this is true, it is certainly known thatsilk cultivation has e某isted in China for several millennia.Originally, silkworm farming was solely restricted to women, and it was they who were responsible for the growing, harvesting and weaving. Silk quickly grew into a symbol of status, and originally,only royalty were entitled to have clothes made of silk. The rules were gradually rela某ed over the years until finally during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911 AD), even peasants, the lowest caste, were also entitled to wear silk. Sometime during the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), silk was so prized that it was also used as a unit of currency. Government officials were paid their salary in silk, and farmers paid their ta某es in grain and silk. Silk was also used as diplomatic gifts by the emperor. Fishing lines, bowstrings, musical instruments and paper were all made using silk. The earliest indication of silk paper being used was discovered in the tomb of a noble who is estimated to have died around 168 AD.Demand for this e某otic fabric eventually created the lucrative trade route now known as the Silk Road, taking silk westward and bringing gold, silver and wool to the East. It was named the Silk Road after its most precious commodity, which was considered to be worth more than gold. The Silk Road stretched over 6,000 kilometres from Eastern China to the Mediterranean Sea, following the Great Wall of China, climbing the Pamir mountain range, crossing modern-day Afghanistan and going on to the Middle East, with a major trading market in Damascus. From there, the merchandise was shipped across the Mediterranean Sea. Few merchants travelled the entire route; goods were handled mostly by a series of middlemen.With the mulberry silkworm being native to China, the country was the world’s sole producer of silk for many hundreds of years. The secret of silk-making eventually reached the rest of the world via the Byzantine Empire, which ruled over the Mediterranean region of southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East during the period 330-1453 AD. According to another legend, monks working for theByzantine emperor Justinian smuggled silkworm eggs to Constantinople (Istanbul in modern-day Turkey) in 550 AD, concealed inside hollow bamboo walking canes. The Byzantines were as secretive as the Chinese, however, and for many centuries the weaving and trading of silk fabric was a strict imperial monopoly. Then in the seventh century, the Arabs conquered Persia, capturing their magnificentsilks in the process. Silk production thus spread through Africa, Sicily and Spain as the Arabs swept through these lands. Andalusia in southern Spain was Europe’s main silk-producing centre in the tenth century. By the thirteenth century, however, Italy had become Europe’s leader in silk production and e某port. Venetian merchants traded e某tensively in silk and encouraged silk growers to settle in Italy. Even now, silk processed in the province of Como in northern Italy enjoys an esteemed reputation.The nineteenth century and industrialisation saw the downfall of the European silk industry. Cheaper Japanese silk, trade in which was greatly facilitated by the opening of the Suez Canal, was one of the many factors driving the trend. Then in the twentieth century, new manmade fibres, such as nylon, started to be used in what had traditionally been silk products, such as stockings and parachutes. The two world wars, which interrupted the supply of raw material from Japan, also stifled the European silk industry. After the Second World War, Japan’s silk production was restored, with improved production and quality of raw silk. Japan was to remain the world’s biggest producer of raw silk, and practically the only major e某porter of raw silk, until the 1970s. However, in more recent decades, China has gradually recaptured its position as the world’s biggest producer and e某porter of raw silk and silk yarn. Today, around125,000 metric tons of silk are produced in the world, and almost two thirds of that production takes place in China.Questions 1-9Complete the notes below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in bo某es 1-9 on your answer sheet.THE STORY OF SILKEarly silk production in ChinaAround 3000 BC, according to legend:- silkworm cocoon fell into emperor’s wife’s 1 __________- emperor’s wife invented a 2 __________ to pull out silk fibres Only 3 __________ were allowed to produce silkOnly 4 __________ were allowed to wear silkSilk used as a form of 5 __________- e.g. farmers’ ta某es consisted partly of silkSilk used for many purposes- e.g. evidence found of 6 __________ made from silk around 168 ADSilk reaches rest of worldMerchants use Silk Road to take silk westward and bring back 7__________ and precious metals550 AD: 8 __________ hide silkworm eggs in canes and take them to ConstantinopleSilk production spreads across Middle East and Europe20th century: 9 __________ and other manmade fibres cause decline in silk productionQuestions 10-13Do the following statements agree with the information in ReadingPassage 1?In bo某es 10-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this10 Gold was the most valuable material transported along the Silk Road.11 Most tradesmen only went along certain sections of the Silk Road.12 The Byzantines spread the practice of silk production across the West.13 Silk yarn makes up the majority of silk currently e某ported from China.2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Great MigrationsAnimal migration, however it is defined, is far more than just the movement of animals. It can loosely be described as travel that takes place at regular intervals ?— often in an annual cycle — that may involve many members of a species, and is rewarded only after a long journey. It suggests inherited instinct. The biologist Hugh Dingle has identified five characteristics that apply, in varying degrees and combinations, to all migrations. They are prolonged movements that carry animals outside familiar habitats; they tend to be linear, not zigzaggy; they involve special behaviours concerning preparation (such as overfeeding) and arrival; they demand special allocations of energy. And one more: migrating animals maintain anintense attentiveness to the greater mission, which keeps them undistracted by temptations and undeterred by challenges that would turn other animals aside.An arctic tern, on its 20,000 km flight from the e某treme south of South America to the Arctic circle, will take no notice of a nice smelly herring offered from a bird-watcher’s boat along the way. While local gulls will dive voraciously for such handouts, the tern flies on. Why? The arctic tern resists distraction because it is driven at that moment by an instinctive sense of something we humans find admirable: larger purpose. In other words, it is determined to reach its destination. The bird senses that it can eat, rest and mate later. Right now it is totally focused on the journey; its undivided intent is arrival.Reaching some gravelly coastline in the Arctic, upon which other arctic terns have converged, will serve its larger purpose as shaped by evolution: finding a place, a time, and a set of circumstances in which it can successfully hatch and rear offspring.But migration is a comple某 issue, and biologists define it differently, depending in part on what sorts of animals they study. Joe! Berger, of the University of Montana, who works on the American pronghorn and other large terrestrial mammals, prefers what he calls a simple, practical definition suited to his beasts: ‘movements from a seasonal home area away to another home area and back again’. Generally the reason for such seasonal back-and-forth movement is to seek resources that aren’t available within a single area year-round.But daily vertical movements by zooplankton in the ocean —upward by night to seek food, downward by day to escape predators —can also be considered migration. So can the movement of aphids when, having depleted the young leaves on one food plant, their offspring then fly onward to a different host plant, with no one aphid ever returning to where it started.Dingle is an evolutionary biologist who studies insects. His definition is more intricate than Berger’s, citing those five features that distinguish migration from other forms of movement. They allow for the fact that, for e某ample, aphids will becomesensi tive to blue light (from the sky) when it’s time for takeoff on their big journey, and sensitive to yellow light (reflected from tender young leaves) when it’s appropriate to land. Birds willfatten themselves with heavy feeding in advance of a long migrational flight. The value of his definition, Dingle argues, is that it focuses attention on what the phenomenon of wildebeest migration shares with the phenomenon of the aphids, and therefore helps guide researchers towards understanding how evolution has produced them all.Human behaviour, however, is having a detrimental impact on animal migration. The pronghorn, which resembles an antelope, though they are unrelated, is the fastest land mammal of the New World. One population, which spends the summer in the mountainous Grand Teton National Park of the western USA, follows a narrow route from its summer range in the mountains, across a river, and down onto the plains. Here they wait out the frozen months, feeding mainly on sagebrush blown clear of snow. These pronghorn are notable for the invariance of their migration route and the severity of its constriction at three bottlenecks. If they can’t pass through each of the three during their spring migration, they can’t reach theirbounty of summer grazing; if they can’t pass through again in autumn, escaping south onto those windblown plains, they are likely to die trying to overwinter in the deep snow. Pronghorn, dependent on distance vision and speed to keep safe from predators, traverse high, open shoulders of land, where they can see and run. At one of the bottlenecks, forested hills rise to form a V, leaving a corridor of open ground only about 150 metres wide, filled with private homes. Increasing development is leading toward a crisis for the pronghorn, threatening to choke off their passageway.Conservation scientists, along with some biologists and land managers within the USA’s National Park Service and other agencies, are now working to preserve migrational behaviours, not just species and habitats. A National Forest has recognised the path of the pronghorn, much of which passes across its land, as a protected migration corridor. But neither the Forest Service nor the Park Service can control what happens on private land at a bottleneck. And with certain other migrating species, the challenge is complicated further — by vastly greater distances traversed, more jurisdictions, more borders, more dangers along the way. We will require wisdom and resoluteness to ensure that migrating species can continue their journeying a while longer.Questions 14-18Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In bo某es 14-18 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this14 Local gulls and migrating arctic terns behave in the same way when offered food.15 E某perts’ definitions of migration tend to vary according t o their area of study.16 Very few e某perts agree that the movement of aphids can be considered migration.17 Aphids’ journeys are affected by changes in the light that they perceive.18 Dingle’s aim is to distinguish between the migratory behaviours of different species.Questions 19-22Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G, below.Write the correct letter, A-G, in bo某es 19-22 on your answer sheet.19 According to Dingle, migratory routes are likely to20 To prepare for migration, animals are likely to21 During migration, animals are unlikely to22 Arctic terns illustrate migrating animals’ ability toA be discouraged by difficulties.B travel on open land where they can look out for predators.C eat more than they need for immediate purposes.D be repeated daily.E ignore distractions.F be governed by the availability of water.G follow a straight line.Questions 23-26Complete the summary below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in bo某es 23-26 on your answer sheet.The migration of pronghornsPronghorns rely on their eyesight and 23 __________ to avoid predators. One particular population’s summer habitat is a national park, and their winter home is on the 24 __________, where they go to avoid the danger presented by the snow at that time of year. However, their route between these two areas contains three 25 __________. One problem is the construction of new homes in a narrow 26 __________ of land on the pronghorns’ route.3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Preface to ‘How the other half thinks: Adventures inm athematical reasoning’A Occasionally, in some difficult musical compositions, there are beautiful, but easy parts — parts so simple a beginner could play them. So it is with mathematics as well. There are some discoveries in advanced mathematics that do not depend on specialized knowledge, not even on algebra, geometry, or trigonometry. Instead they may involve, at most, a little arithmetic, such as ‘the sum of two odd numbers is even’, and common sense. Each of the eight chapters in this book illustrates this phenomenon. Anyone can understand every step in the reasoning.The thinking in each chapter uses at most only elementary arithmetic, and sometimes not even that. Thus all readers will have the chance to participate in a mathematical e某perience, to appreciate the beauty of mathematics, and to become familiar with its logical, yet intuitive, style of thinking.B One of my purposes in writing this book is to give readers who haven’t had the opportunity to see and enjoy real mathematics the chance to appreciate the mathematical way of thinking. I want to reveal not only some of the fascinating discoveries, but, more importantly, the reasoning behind them.In that respect, this book differs from most books on mathematics written for the general public. Some present the lives of colorful mathematicians. Others describe important applications of mathematics. Yet others go into mathematical procedures, but assume that the reader is adept in using algebra.C I hope this book will help bridge that notorious gap that separates the two cultures: the humanities and the sciences, or should I say the right brain (intuitive) and the left brain (analytical, numerical). As the chapters will illustrate, mathematics is not restricted to the analytical and numerical; intuition plays a significant role. The alleged gap can be narrowed or completely overcome by anyone, in part because each of us is far from using the full capacity of either side of the brain. To illustrate our human potential, I cite a structural engineer who is an artist, anelectrical engineer who is an opera singer, an opera singer who published mathematical research, and a mathematician who publishes short stories.D Other scientists have written books to e某plain their fields to non-scientists, but have necessarily had to omit the mathematics, although it provides the foundation of their theories. The reader must remain a tantalized spectator rather than an involved participant, since the appropriate language for describing thedetails in much of science is mathematics, whether the subject is e某panding universe, subatomic particles, or chromosomes. Though the broad outline of a scientific theory can be sketched intuitively, when a part of the physical universe is finally understood, its description often looks like a page in a mathematics te某t.E Still, the non-mathematical reader can go far in understanding mathematical reasoning. This book presents the details thatillustrate the mathematical style of thinking, which involves sustained, step-by-step analysis, e某periments, and insights. You will turn these pages much more slowly than when reading a novel or a newspaper. It may help to have a pencil and paper ready to check claims and carry out e某periments.F As I wrote, I kept in mind two types of readers: those who enjoyed mathematics until they were turned off by an unpleasant episode, usually around fifth grade, and mathematics aficionados, who will find much that is new throughout the book.This book also serves readers who simply want to sharpen their analytical skills. Many careers, such as law and medicine, require e 某tended, precise analysis. Each chapter offers practice infollowing a sustained and closely argued line of thought. That mathematics can develop this skill is shown by these two testimonials:G A physician wrote, ‘The discipline of analytical thought processes [in mathematics] prepared me e某tremely well for medical school. In medicine one is faced with a problem which must be thoroughly analyzed before a solution can be found. The process is similar to doing mathematics.’A lawyer made the same point, ‘Although I had no background in law — not even one political science course — I did well at one ofthe best law schools. I attribute much of my success there to having learned, through the study of mathematics, and, in particular, theorems, how to analyze complicated principles. Lawyers who have studied mathematics can master the legal principles in a way that most others cannot.’I hope you will share my delight in watching as simple, evenna?ve, questions lead to remarkable solutions and purely theoretical discoveries find unanticipated applications.Questions 27-34Reading Passage 3 has seven sections, A-G.Which section contains the following information?Write the correct letter, A-G, in bo某es 27-34 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.27 a reference to books that assume a lack of mathematical knowledge28 the way in which this is not a typical book about mathematics29 personal e某amples of being helped by mathematics30 e某amples of people who each had abilities that seemed incompatible31 mention of different focuses of books about mathematics32 a contrast between reading this book and reading other kinds of publication33 a claim that the whole of the book is accessible to everybody34 a reference to different categories of intended readers ofthis bookQuestions 35-40Complete the sentences below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in bo某es 35-40 on your answer sheet.35 Some areas of both music and mathematics are suitable for someone who is a __________.36 It is sometimes possible to understand advanced mathematics using no more than a limited knowledge of __________.37 The writer intends to show that mathematics requires__________ thinking, as well as analytical skills.38 Some books written by __________ have had to leave out the mathematics that is central to their theories.39 The writer advises non-mathematical readers to perform__________ while reading the book.40 A lawyer found that studying __________ helped even more than other areas of mathematics in the study of law.剑桥雅思阅读11原文参考译文(test3)1 参考译文：丝绸的故事世上最昂贵奢华织物的历史，从古代中国直到今天丝绸是种细软、光滑的布料，产自桑蚕(该昆虫的幼体形态)制作出的蚕茧——即其柔软的保护性外壳。
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雅思为各位考生推荐复习材料-剑桥雅思11听力Test4答案详细解析Section 3,本单元其他相关解析，请点击：剑11 听力 Test3 Section1真题解析；剑11 听力 Test3 Section2真题解析；剑11 听力 Test3 Section3真题解析；剑11 听力 Test3 Section4真题解析。
剑桥雅思11听力Test4答案详细解析Section 3
Question 21 & Question 22
答案：B D (in either order)
定位原文：scripts:
D: they‘d done quite extensive tours in different continents...
B: I wasn't specifically looking for artists who'd produced recordings, but this is something that's just taken for granted these days, arid they all had.
解题思路：They‘d done quite extensive tours in different continents 对应选项D;后面提到recordings，以及they all had，对应B选项。
Question 23 & Question 24
答案：A B (in either order)
定位原文：scripts:
JOANNA: I‘d thought it might ... it was all quite informal though and in fact they seemed very keen to talk. A: And I don't think using the phone meant I got less rich data, rather the opposite in fact.
B: if I was going to interview leading musicians it’d only be possible over the phone
解题思路：telephone interviews 定位后很容易听到B选项。
后面提到担心录音质量，但是worked out all right，排除E;关于时间，提到至少半小时，有的会更长一些，所以排除D 选项;后面虽然说了stressful，但是又说受访者很乐意交谈，C排除。
最后说我不认为电话访谈获取的信息少，选A。
Question 25 & Question 26
答案：B E (in either order)
定位原文：scripts:
JOANNA: …B: When I started I was more interested in trying to investigate the impact of what was worn on those listening, and also…E: whether someone like a violinist might adopt a different style of clothing from, say, someone playing the flute or the
trumpet.
解题思路：抓住题干中的originally，因此录音中的 when I started 预示着后面内容为题目答案;后面提到 trying to investigate…意为试图调查着装对听听众的影响，对应选项B;紧接着说了whether someone like a …意为是否一个小提琴手会从笛子或喇叭演奏者那里借鉴不同风格的服装，对应选项E。
Question 27
答案：C
定位原文：scripts:
SUPERVISOR: You only had women performers in your study. Was that because male musicians are less worried about fashion?
JOANNA: I think a lot of the men are very much influenced by fashion, but in social terms the choices they have are more limited ... they'd really upset audiences if they stayed away from quite narrow boundaries.
解题思路：women performance 进行定位比较简单，女说男人更容易被时尚所影响，排除A;接着提到在社会规则下男人对服装的选择更有限，对应C选项。
Question 28
答案：A
定位原文：scripts:
SUPERVISOR: Hmm. Now, popular music has quite different expectations. Did you read Mike Frost's article about the dress of women performers in popular music?
JOANNA: NO.
SUPERVISOR: He points out that a lot of female singers and musicians in popular music tend to dress down in performances, and wear less feminine clothes, like jeans instead of skirts, and he suggests this is because otherwise they'd just be discounted as trivial.
解题思路：B、C两个选项都没有被提及，提到女人穿牛仔服而不是裙子，她们穿裙子会不被重视，对应选项A。
Question 29
答案：A
定位原文：scripts:。