Unit l Land and People

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Unit1-Neat-People-vs.-Sloppy-People-原文与翻译

Neat People vs. Sloppy PeopleSuzanne BrittI’ve finally figured out the difference between neat people and sloppy people. The distinction is, as always, moral. Neat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people.Sloppy people, you see, are not really sloppy. Their sloppiness is merely the unfortunate consequence of their extreme moral rectitude. Sloppy people carry in their mind’s eye a h eavenly vision, a precise plan, which is so stupendous, so perfect, it can’t be achieved in this world or the next.Sloppy people live in Never-Never Land. Someday is their métier. Someday they are planning to alphabetize all their books and set up home catalogs. Someday they will go through their wardrobes and mark certain items for tentative mending and certain items for passing on to relatives of similar shape and size. Someday sloppy people will make family scrapbooks into which they will put newspaper clippings, postcards, locks of hair, and the dried corsage from their senior prom. Someday they will on the surface of their desks, including the cash receipts from coffee purchases at the snack shop. Someday they will sit down and read all the back issues of The New Yorker.For all these noble reasons and more, sloppy people never getneat. They aim too high and wide. They save everything, planning someday to and straighten out the world. But while these ambitious plans take clearer and clearer shape in their heads, the books spill from the shelves onto the floor, the clothes pile up in the hamper and closet, the family mementos accumulate in every drawer, the surface of the desk is buried under mounds of paper and the unread magazines threaten to reach the ceiling.Sloppy people can’t bear to part with anything. They give loving attention to every detail. When slop py people say they’re going to tackle the surface of a desk, they really mean it. Not a paper will go unturned; not a rubber band橡皮筋will go unboxed. Four hours or two weeks into the excavation, the desk looks exactly the same, primarily because the sloppy person is meticulously creating new piles of papers with new headings and scrupulously stopping to read all the old book catalogs before he throws them away. A neat person would just bulldoze the desk.Neat people are bums and clods at heart. They have cavalier attitudes toward possessions, including family heirlooms. Everything is just another dust-catcher to them. If anything collects dust, it’s got to go and that’s that. Neat people will toy with the idea of throwing the children out of the house just to cut down the clutter.Neat people don’t care about process. They like results. Whatthey want to do is get the whole thing over with so they can sit down and watch the rasslin’ on TV. Neat people operate on two unvarying principles: Never handle any item twice, and throw everything away.The only thing messy in a neat person’s house is the trash can. The minute something comes to a neat person’s hand, he will look at it, try to decide if it has immediate use and, finding none, throw it in the trash.Neat people are especially vicious with mail. They never go through their mail unless they are standing directly over a trash can. If the trash can is beside the mailbox, even better. All ads, catalogs, pleas for charitable contributions, church bulletins and money-saving coupons go straight into the trash can without being opened. All letters from home, postcards from Europe, bills and paychecks are opened, immediately responded to, then dropped in the trash can. Neat people keep their receipts only for tax purposes. That’s it. No sentimental salvaging of birthday cards or the last letter of a dying relative ever wrote. Into the trash it goes.Neat people place neatness above everything, even economics. They are incredibly wasteful. Neat people throw away several toys every time they walk through the den. I knew a neat person once who threw away a perfectly good dish drainer because it had mold on it. The drainer was too much trouble to wash. And neat people sell theirfurniture when they move. They will sell a La-Z-Boy recliner while you are reclining in it.Neat people are no good to borrow from. Neat people buy everything in expensive little single portions. They get their flour and sugar in two-pound bags. They wouldn’t consider clipping a coupon, saving leftover, reusing plastic non-dairy不含牛奶的；没有乳制品whipped cream n. 生奶油containers or rinsing off tin foil and draping it over the unmold dish drainer. You can never borrow a neat person’s newspaper to see what’s playing at the movies. Neat people have the paper all wadded up and in the trash by 7:05 a.m.Neat people cut a clean swath through the organic as well as the inorganic world. People, animals, and things are all one to them. They are so insensitive. After they’ve finished with the pantry, the medicine cabinet, and the attic, they will throw out the red geranium 英 [dʒɪ'reɪnɪəm] n. 天竺葵(too many leaves), sell the dog (too many fleas), and send the children off to boarding school (too many scuffmarks on the hardwood floors).整洁人与邋遢人苏珊娜·布里特我终于悟出了整洁人和邋遢人的区别。

新教材高中英语课时作业15Unit5UsingLanguage新人教版选择性必修第一册(含答案)

新教材高中英语新人教版选择性必修第一册：课时作业(十五) Unit 5 Section ⅢUsing Language层级一课时跟踪检测维度1 单词拼写1．Good nutrition is ________ (必要的) if patients are to make a quick recovery.2．Apart from what you have mentioned above, do you have any ________ (其他的) plan?3．To reduce pollution and produce healthy food, some farmers have turned to ________ (有机的) farming.4．To my amazement, his opinion is similar to mine in many ________ (方面).5．It ________ (消化) your food and sends vitamins and minerals into the blood.6．It is always important to choose enjoyable, ________ (有营养的) foods.7．There is ________ (广泛的) support for the new proposals.8．These ________ (化学物质) in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time.9．It is high time that we forbade setting off fireworks in ________ (城镇的) areas.10．Just as the saying goes, “Nothing is to be got without pains but ________ (贫穷).”维度2 单句语法填空1．There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain that we had no alternative but ________ (wait).2．It is essential that he ________ (get) some reliable information before making inferences.3．As the educator puts it, ________ (expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice.4．________ some scientists have found is that their longterm use can sometimes harm both the land and people's health.5．She devoted herself ________ (entire) to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.6．Organic farmers also use many other ________ (method) to produce rich soil.7．The goal of using different organic farming methods is to grow good food while ________ (avoid) damage to the environment or to people's health.8．Last year, the new electric power plant ________ (generate) enough energy to power the whole city.9．We, as ________ (educate) strongly oppose protecting children too much.10．We felt at home with her and were impressed with the ________ (deep) of her knowledge.维度3 完成句子1．阅读好书既能丰富我们的头脑又能教我们分辨是非。

人教版英语选修1课文翻译(Unit5)

Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam. Because of his invaluable contributions, Yuan Longping has received numerous awards both in China and abroad.
CHEMICAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING
化学耕作和有机耕作
Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.

英语国家概况课程第次形成性考核答案与讲评

英语国家概况（1）课程形成性考核题英语国家概况（1）课程第3次形成性考核答案与讲评（Unit 11-20）I. True or False:IrelandUnit 11 Land, People and History(T) 01. When referring to Ireland, people mean either the Republic of Ireland or Northern Ireland, a province of Great Britain.(Unit 11)(F) 02. The area covering the republic of Ireland is ten times of that of Northern Ireland. (Unit 11)The area covering the republic of Ireland is five times of that of Northern Ireland. (T)(T) 03. After the Great Famine, there was a rapid decline of population and many Irish people immigrated to other countries. (Unit 11)(T) 04. The Republic of Ireland is a young country with more than half of the people under the age of 25. (Unit 11)(F) 05. The word “Ireland”is used ambiguously to mean the Republic of Ireland. (Unit 11)The word “Ireland” is used ambiguously to mean both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. (T)Unit 12 Politics and Economy(F) 06. In Ireland, the president is the Head of State and has executive power. (Unit 12)In Ireland, the president is only a symbolic Head of State and does not have executive power. (T)(T) 07. The Irish Parliament is responsible of making laws, and the Senate only has the power of making recommendations. (Unit12)(T) 08. The highest in ranking in the Irish legal system is the High Court, which has full jurisdiction and powers in all matters of law. (Unit 12)(T) 09. Ireland has an open and trade-dependent economy. (Unit 12) (F) 10. Ireland joined the EU in 1991. (Unit 12)Ireland joined the EU in 1971. (T)Unit 13 Irish Culture: How the Irish Live Now(F) 11. The obvious change over the past decades is the rise of theauthority of the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland. (Unit 13) The obvious change over the past decades is the decline of the authority of the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland. (T) (T) 12. The Catholic Church is opposed to abortion and divorce in Ireland. (Unit 13)(F) 13. Traditionally, Ireland was an urban and industrial culture. (Unit 13)Traditionally, Ireland has been a rural and agricultural culture. (T)(T) 14. Today free education provided by the Irish government covers all public universities, as is common in most of the countries of Europe. (Unit 13)(T) 15. After 1960s, the participation in second level education rose from 45% to 90%. (Unit 13)Unit 14 Irish Culture: Language, Literature and Arts(T) 16. The Great Famine lasted from 1845 to 1848 in Ireland. (Unit14)(F) 17. Most Irish people now generally speak Irish. (Unit 14) Most Irish people now do not generally speak Irish. (T) (T) 18. Ireland has a traditional culture which has derived from its rich folk heritage. (Unit 14)(F) 19. Ireland is noted for its visual culture compared with its literature and music. (Unit 14)Ireland is not very noted for its visual culture compared with its literature and music. (T)(T) 20. The most natively Irish game or sport is hurling. (Unit 14)AustraliaUnit 15 The Land and People of the Dreaming(F) 21. In terms of its size, Australia is the largest continentand the smallest island in the world. (Unit 15)In terms of its size, Australia is the largest island and the smallest continent in the world. (T)(F) 22. Dreaming is shared by all the Australian people about howthe features of their land were created. (Unit 15)Dreaming is shared by the members of an indigenous group about how the features of their land were created. (T)(T) 23. Dreaming helps the indigenous people to survive in the harsh environment of the desert of Australia. (Unit 15)(T) 24. White sealers and pastoralists exploited the indigenous people’s knowledge of the land and created wealth for the colonizers. (Unit 15)(T) 25. The platypus, the kangaroo, the koala or wombat are animal that are unique to the continent of Australia. (Unit 15) Unit 16 Religion in Australia Today(T) 26. Protestantism has been the most dominant form of religion in Australia since 1788. (Unit 16)(T) 27. The Protestant ethic supports the Spirit of Capitalism and furthers its development. (Unit 16)(F) 28. The Catholic Church used to be the dominant religion in thebetter part of Australian history. (Unit 16)The Anglican Church used to be the dominant religion in the better part of Australian history. (T)(F) 29. The Jewish people have contributed much less than their shareto the development of Australia society. (Unit 16)The Jewish people have contributed much more than their share to the development of Australia society. (T)(F) 30. The fist Muslims who came to Australia were gold diggers. (Unit 16)The fist Muslims who came to Australia were camel drivers. (T)Unit 17 From Penal Colony to “Free Migration”(T) 31. The European settlement in Australia started in 1788 is Sydney. (Unit 17)(F) 32. Convicts’ wives in England were encouraged from followingtheir husband to Australia. (Unit 17)Convicts’ wives in England were discouraged from following their husband to Australia. (T)(T) 33. The convict husbands of free wives could be assigned to work for their own families as ticket-of- leave servants. (Unit17)(T) 34. Francis Greenaway was an emancipist who designed some fine buildings in Sydney. (Unit 17)(F) 35. Mr. Peek’s story shows the scarcity of resources in the colony. (Unit 17)Mr. Peek’s story shows capitalism’s inability to retain labourers. (T)Unit 18 Australia as a Liberal Democratic Society(T) 36. The Australian political system follows the western democratic tradition, reflecting British and North American experience. (Unit 18)(T) 37. It is generally acknowledged that the Prime Minister and the Cabinet at the federal level is the centre of Australian parliamentary power. (Unit 18)(T) 38. Laws of the State should be changed if they don’t agree with the federal laws. (Unit 18)(T) 39. Many migrants poured into Australia during the 1850s. Asa result, the Australian population increased by 50% in thatdecade. (Unit 18)(F) 40. The Governor-General is the real head of the Cabinet in Australia. (Unit 18)The Governor-General is the formal head of the executive branch of the government in Australia. (T)Unit 19 Bureaucratic Power and Whistle-Blowers(T) 41. The Elite Theory mainly focuses on the role of the executive and the citizenry. (Unit 19)(F) 42. Government departments are under the authority of both theelected ministers and the Heads of Department. (Unit 19)Government departments are under the authority of both the elected ministers and the non-elected Heads of Department. (T) (T) 43. Generally speaking, the public servants of a government department do not change when the government changes. (Unit19)(F) 44. Whistle-blowers are responsible officials. (Unit 19)Whistle-blowers are responsible citizens who supervise officials. (T)(F) 45. The whistle-blowing syndrome is characterized by a lack ofinvestigation of the complaints externally. (Unit 19)The whistle-blowing syndrome is characterized by a lack of investigation of the complaints both internally andexternally. (T)Unit 20 From Racism to Multiculturalism(T) 46. Few non-British migrants benefited from assisted migration in Australia. (Unit 20)(F) 47. The Pacific Islanders were abducted to work in the sugarindustry of New South Wales. (Unit 20)The Pacific Islanders were abducted to work in the sugarindustry of Northern Queensland. (T)(T) 48. The original intention of the massive post-war immigration programme was to keep Australia “white and free”. (Unit 20) (F) 49. The One Nation Party complained that the government had paidtoo little attention to the welfare of the indigenous people and the development of Multiculturalism. (Unit 20)The One Nation Party complained that the government had paid too much attention to the welfare of the indigenous people and the development of Multiculturalism. (T)(T) 50. The Gurindji people strike at the Wave Hill cattle station, won support not only from the black community, but the white worker’s union as well. (Unit 20)II. Choose the best answer:IrelandUnit 11 Land, People and History01. It was said that Christianity was introduced into Ireland by ______. (Unit 11) Key DA. the VikingsB. the NormansC. Brian BoruD. Saint Patrick02. In 1541, ______ declared to be the king of Ireland, the firstEnglish monarch to do so. (Unit 11)Key AA. Henry VIIB. Queen ElizabethC. William of OrangeD. James II03. Arthur Griffith developed a new political party in the period1905-08 known as ______. (Unit 11)Key CA. Irish Republican BrotherhoodB. United IrishmenC. Sinn FeinD. Home Rule04. In 1916 the Irish Volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army stageda rebellion against British rule, recorded in history as ______.(Unit 11) Key AA. the Easter Rising of 1916B. the Home Rule campaignC. the Fenian MovementD. the national agrarian movement05. After two years of independence war between 1919 and 1921,______ was signed. (Unit 11)Key AA. the Anglo-Irish TreatyB. the Home Rule billC. the Act of UnionD. the Treaty of IndependenceUnit 12 Politics and Economy06. The daily business of the government is executed by the ______. (Unit 12) Key AA. cabinetB. parliamentC. senateD. Prime Minister07. How long is the office term of the President of Ireland (Unit12) Key DA. 4 years.B. 5 years.C. 6 years.D. 7 years.08. How many members does the Senate consist of (Unit 12)Key BA. 60B. 66C. 106D. 16609. Up until 1970’s the Irish economy was ______. (Unit 12)Key AA. inward-lookingB. trade-dependentC. based on servicesD. based on manufacturing10. Under the constitution, the President of Ireland is elected by ______. (Unit 12) Key CA. the majority of the Parliament and SenateB. the main partyC. direct vote from Irish peopleD. indirect vote from Irish peopleUnit 13 Irish Culture: How the Irish Live Now11. What is the first official language of the Irish Republic (Unit13) Key BA. EnglishC. CelticD. Gaelic12. In the past ______ years, Ireland has passed from being atraditional culture to a post industrial one, without any ofthe intervening state. (Unit 13) Key CA. 10B. 20C. 30D. 4013. In both Northern Ireland and the Republic, joining the ______has provided a larger, federal context which gives a moregenerous perspective on particular national difficulties.(Unit 13)K ey DA. UKB. UNC. NATOD. EU14. Now about ______ of all children are born to single mothers. (Unit13) Key BB. a thirdC. two thirdsD. a quarter15. Where does an Irish meet friends and neighbours on an informal basis (Unit 13) K ey AA. In a public house.B. At home.C. In a restaurant.D. In working place.Unit 14 Irish Culture: Language, Literature and Arts16. The death blow to the Irish language was ______. (Unit 14)Key CA. the British colonial ruleB. the independence of IrelandC. the Great FamineD. Ireland’s accession to the EU17. The first Irish national state was set up ______. (Unit 14)Key CA. in 1919B. in 1920C. in 1922D. in 194918. In communication, the Irish value ______ most. (Unit 14)Key DA. writingB. gestureC. eye contactD. talk19. In Ireland, writers can publish their works ____. (Unit 14)Key CA. only in IrishB. only in EnglishC. either Irish or EnglishD. neither Irish nor English20. Among the following writers, which is not Irish according to the claim of Ireland (Unit 14)Key AA. Charles DickensB. Jonathan SwiftC. Bernard ShawD. Oscar WildeAustraliaUnit 15 The Land and People of the Dreaming21. Which of the following is NOT a native Australian animal (Unit15) Key AA. Sheep.B. Wombat.C. Koala.D. Kangaroo.22. 80% of Australian’s population lives _____. (Unit 15)Key CA. in the north, east and southwest of the countryB. in the eastern, central and western areas of the countryC. in the eastern, southern and southwestern borders of the countryD. in the northern, eastern and western hills of the country23. According to the Dreaming, ______. (Unit 15)Key DA. people should exploit the land as much as they canB. the land belongs to people who cultivate itC. the land is the creator of peopleD. people are a part of the land24. When did the British take over the continent of Australia anddeclare it “terra nullius” (Unit 15)Key DA. In the 15th century.B. In the 16th century.C. In the 17th century.D. In the late 18th century.25. Australia’s practice of racial segregation was similar to that of ______. (Unit 15) Key CA. Portugal and the U.S.B. Holland and South AfricaC. South Africa and the U.S.D. Portugal and HollandUnit 16 Religion in Australia Today26. Which of the following religions has an “elective affinity”with capitalism (Unit 16)Key DA. BuddhismB. JudaismC. IslamD. Protestantism27. Which of the following has the demographic supremacy in Australia today (Unit 16)Key CA. The Anglican ChurchB. The secularismC. CatholicismD. Buddhism28. Which of the following is NOT a part of the Protestant value system (Unit 16) Key AA. Self-indulgence.B. Rationalism.C. Asceticism.D. Individualism.29. The relationship between the Dreaming and Protestantism interms of human-nature relations is ______. (Unit 16)Key BA. compatibleB. contrastingC. similarD. complementary30. Which of the following was NOT an important force in formingAustralian unionism (Unit 16)Key BA. Working class Protestants.B. Fundamentalists.C. Catholics.D. Secularists.Unit 17 From Penal Colony to “Free Migration”31. Which of the following was established as free colony (Unit 17)Key AA. Western AustraliaB. New South WalesC. TasmaniaD. Queensland32. Emancipists were ______. (Unit 17)Key DA. magistratesB. pastoralistsC. retired officialsD. ex-convicts33. Which of the following became the most successful ex-convict businesswoman (Unit 17)Key BA. Elizabeth RuseB. Mary ReibyC. Ann EvansD. Margret McDonald34. The Wakefield Scheme was implemented most thoroughly in ______. (Unit 17) Key CA. QueenslandB. New South WalesC. South AustraliaD. Victoria35. The “Currently children”were ______ than their peers in England. (Unit 17) Key DA. weaker and palerB. better educatedC. poorerD. less criminalUnit 18 Australia as a Liberal Democratic Society36. Which of the following helped to increase the population ofAustralia significantly (Unit 18)K ey CA. The long wool boom.B. The Second World War.C. The gold rush.D. The minimum wage.37. Which of the following was NOT source of migrants for thepost-World War II assisted migration to Australia (Unit 18)Key AA. The Middle East.B. BritainC. Southern EuropeD. Eastern Europe38. The rise of the unemployment rate in 1970s was caused by ______. (Unit 18) Key BA. fierce competition between Australian manufacturersB. lowering of the tariff systemC. massive immigration programmeD. control of foreign exchange dealings39. Which of the following has the biggest decline in its share of Australia’s export (Unit 18)Key BA. The mineral industryB. The rural sectorC. The manufacturing industryD. Higher education40. Which of the following has happened in Australian economy (Unit18) Key AA. Tariff rates have loweredB. The centralized wage system have been abolishedC. The foreign exchange markets have been brought under statecontrol.D. Work migration to Australia has been made easier.Unit 19 Bureaucratic Power and Whistle-Blowers41. Which of the following is used to describe the mass in the EliteTheory of power (Unit 19)K ey CA. Responsible.B. Well-informed.C. Politically passive.D. Indifferent.42. It was believed before 1980s that ______ should play the centralrole in the promotion and maintenance of the social prosperity.(Unit 19) Key AA. the governmentB. the private businessC. the bureaucratsD. the citizens43. What advantage do the Heads of Departments have over the elected ministers (Unit 19)Key CA. They are free from political power struggle.B. They are better-educated.C. They have the specialist expertise in relevant field.D. They are supported by a large bureaucracy of experts.44. Which of the following describe the changes in ministerialbureaucratic relationships after 1980s (Unit 19)Key BA. Demonisation of the ministerial roles.B. Politicisation of the public service.C. Neutralisation of the bureaucracy.D. Marginalization of the Heads of Department.45. Closer ties between the Government and the Opposition mayhave negative impact on ______. (Unit 19)Key DA. the funding to public serviceB. the relationship between the Government and the OppositionC. the performance of the ParliamentD. the quality of the advice to the governmentUnit 20 From Racism to Multiculturalism46. According to the Immigration Restriction Act 1901, all migrantsto Australia had to take ______. (Unit 20)Key BA. a dictation test in their own languageB. a dictation test in a European languageC. a check of their skin colourD. a physical check47. The preferred migrant groups for the post-World War IIimmigration programme were ______. (Unit 20)Key DA. the British, northern European and AsianB. the southern and central European and AsianC. the northern, southern and central EuropeanD. the British, northern, southern and central European48. Which of the following groups tends to occupy the lower rangeof occupation (Unit 20)K ey AA. The Middle Eastern migrants.B. Northern Europeans.C. Asian migrants.D. Australian-born workers.49. Which of the following introduced the power to move aboriginalpeople away from towns and reserves (Unit 20)Key AA. The Aboriginal Protection Act 1909.B. The Immigration Restriction Act 1901.C. The Mabo Decision.D. The Wik Decision.50. Which of the following is NOT a critique of Multiculturalism from the left (Unit 20)Key DA. It has failed to dominance of Anglo-Australians in the political economy.B. It has not eliminated discrimination against refugees in the work force.C. It allows the interests of working class to be overruled by bourgeoisieD. It has caused increasing division in Australian society with policies favoring the migrants.III. Explain the following terms.IrelandUnit 11 Land, People and History101. Sinn Fein (Unit 11)Sinn Fein is an Irish political party, active especially in Northern Ireland, which wants Northern Ireland to become part of the Republic of Ireland. It is sometimes called the ‘political wingof the IRA”. Sinn Fein was developed by Arthur Griffith in the period 1905-08. From the mid-1990s, Sinn Fein had an active part in the ‘peace process’(=the attempts to achieve a peaceful solution to the problems of Northern Ireland) under its president Gerry Adams.Unit 12 Politics and Economy102. The Irish Parliament (Unit 12)The Parliament of Ireland is comprised of two houses: the Parliament and the Senate. Government policy and administration may be examined and criticized in both Houses, but under the Constitution the Government is responsible to the Parliament alone. Unit 13 Irish Culture: How the Irish Live Now103. The Power of the Catholic Church in Ireland (Unit 13) Irish Catholicism concentrated on what it saw as matters of sexual purity. These attitudes greatly shaped the attitude of the new republic. The Catholic Church exercised a firm hold over educational structures, over hospitals, over the media, and over the way people thought about themselves and their lives, This began to change only after the late 1970s.Unit 14 Irish Culture: Language, Literature and Arts104. Hurling (Unit 14)This sport is the most natively Irish game. It is played by two teams of fifteen players, with a ball like a hockey ball which is struck by wooden sticks with a curved, rounded end or boss.AustraliaUnit 15 The Land and People of the Dreaming105. The Dreaming (Unit 15)The Dreaming is the belief system from ancient times that has bound indigenous groups together. The central principle of the Dreaming is that the people who live on the continent have special responsibilities to the land. The people don’t own the land, instead the land own the people. The stories of the Dreaming provide principles of how people should live and interact with each other. They also provide knowledge of the land so that the indigenous can survive in the life-threatening environment.Unit 16 Religion in Australia Today106. Protestantism in Australia (Unit 16)Protestantism is the most dominant form of religion in modern Australian society. It was the religion of governing colonial class in Australia. It promotes values such as rationalism, individualism, hard work, worldly success and asceticism. Though its values are paradoxical, they fit well with the principles of Capitalism, andsupport the development of Capitalism.Unit 17 From Penal Colony to “Free Migration”107. Pastoralists (Unit 17)The pastoralists are major landowners. They are usually the magistrates of their local area. They used the legal power as magistrates to force convict labourers to work hard. They built their wealth on the unpaid labour of the convicts. This is why they supported the transportation of convicts to Australia.Unit 18 Australia as a Liberal Democratic Society108. The three-tier system of Australian government (Unit 18) The Australian federation has three tiers in its government: at the federal level, there are the Australian Parliament and the Government. In the second tier are the state governments and their legislatures. In the third tier are the local government bodies at the city, town and shire levels. The Prime Minister and his/her cabinet is the centre of Australian parliamentary power.Unit 19 Bureaucratic Power and Whistle-Blowers109. Whistle-blowers (Unit 19)Whistle-blowers are often experts in both senior and lower levels of bureaucracies. They discover in their branch of the organization some problems of corruption and try to expose them.Unit 20 From Racism to Multiculturalism110. Multiculturalism (Unit 20)Multiculturalism was adopted in Australia in 1973. It was comprised of 3 areas of policy: Cultural Identity, which means the right to express and share one’s cultural heritage; Social Justice, the right to get equal treatment and opportunity; and Economic Efficiency, the need to maintain and develop the skills of all Australians regardless of their backgrounds.。

新标准大学英语综合教程二unit1课后习题答案

综合教程二unit1 课后习题答案‎Active‎r eadin‎g（1）3）．Match the words in the box with their defini‎tions.1 a subjec‎t that people‎di scus‎s or argue about (issue)2 a chance‎to do someth‎i ng (opport‎u nity)3 the most import‎a nt and powerf‎u l people‎i n the countr‎y (establ‎i shmen‎t)4 an area of land contai‎n i ng all the main buildi‎n gs of a univer‎si ty (campus‎)5 someth‎i ng such as a meetin‎g or public‎statem‎e nt by people‎ who strong‎l y disagr‎e e with a policy‎, law etc (protes‎t)6 to start a major activi‎t y (launch‎)7 chance‎s of succes‎s, especi‎a l ly in a job or a career‎(prospe‎ct s)8 work that you are paid regula‎rl y to do for a person‎or compan‎y(employ‎m ent)4）. Comple‎te the paragr‎ap h with the correc‎t form of the words in Activi‎ty 3.What are the most import‎a nt (1)issues‎for studen‎t s today? Is the univer‎si ty (2)campus‎really‎such a differ‎e nt place compar‎e d to what it was 40 years ago? Perhap‎s, as the passag‎e sugges‎t s, there are fewer (3) protes‎t s by studen‎t s agains‎t the (4) establ‎i s hmen‎t than there used to be. And of course‎, improv‎i ng your (5)prospe‎ct s of being compet‎i tive in the (6) employ‎m ent market‎i s a major concer‎n for studen‎t s everyw‎h ere, since a good univer‎si ty degree‎i s the means by which you can (7) launch‎your career‎. But in spite of all this, the role of the univer‎si ty is the same as it always‎has been. It is the place where you have the (8) opport‎u ni ty to learn to think for yourse‎l f.5）.Replac‎e the underl‎i ned words with the correc‎t form of the words and phrase‎s in the box. Y ou may need to make other change‎s.1 There were fights‎betwee‎n police‎and protes‎t ors outsid‎e the US Embass‎y. (clashe‎s)2 The two partie‎s formed‎ a tempor‎a ry politi‎cal arrang‎e ment to respon‎d to the proble‎m. (allian‎ce)3 I’ve always‎consid‎e red myself‎a s someon‎e who is tolera‎n t of other people‎’s idea. (libera‎l)4 The chief offici‎a l of an Americ‎a n state has a lot of power. (govern‎o r)5 The financ‎i al situat‎i on of Wester‎n Europe‎a n countr‎i es rapidl‎y improv‎e d in the 1960s. (econom‎y)6 The 1960s were associ‎a ted with a new type of popula‎r music. (charac‎terize‎d)The 1960s were charac‎terize‎d by a new type of popula‎r music.7 Mark left colleg‎e withou‎t finish‎i ng the course‎and joined‎ a rock band. (droppe‎d out)8 For many people‎, listen‎i ng to their music was an experi‎e n ce which made them feel free. (libera‎ti ng)For many people‎, listen‎i ng to their music was a libera‎ti ng experi‎e n ce.9 For some people‎, an intere‎st in politi‎c s went hand in hand with a strong‎enthus‎i asm for music. (passio‎n)6) . Answer‎ the questi‎o ns about the words.1 (b) not very clearl‎y?2 (a) active‎?3 (b) who disagr‎e es public‎l y with the govern‎m ent?4 (b) not intere‎sted in it?5 (b) exciti‎n g?6 (a) get smalle‎r?7 (a) often in touch with them?8 (b) great pleasu‎re?Active‎r eadin‎g 23).Match the words in the box with their defini‎tions.1.rebel2.era3.destru‎ction4.gender‎5.assert‎6.philos‎o phy7.indust‎rial4).Comple‎t e the conver‎sa tion‎w ith the correc‎t form of the words in Activi‎ty 3.1.rebel2.assert‎3.era4.indust‎rial5.philos‎o phy6.gender‎7.destru‎ction5).Answer‎ the questi‎o ns about the words and expres‎s ions.1.a2.a3.a4.a5.b6.a7.b8.bLangua‎g e in useple‎t e the senten‎c es with the words in bracke‎t s and the suffix‎-ment or -ism.1. What is the going to do about this proble‎m? (govern‎)Correc‎t answer‎:govern‎m ent2. refers‎to a contem‎p orary‎way of thinki‎n g, and is not easy to define‎. (postmo‎d ern)Correc‎t answer‎: Postmo‎d ernis‎m3. Post-war econom‎i c led to the creati‎o n of new univer‎s ities‎in the 1960s. (develo‎p)Correc‎t answer‎: develo‎p ment4. We must combat‎money worshi‎p and extrem‎e. (indivi‎d ual)Correc‎t answer‎: indivi‎d ualis‎m5. The two groups‎discus‎s ed for a long time, but couldn‎'t reach an . (agree)Correc‎t answer‎: agreem‎e nt6. The best we can make for the future‎is to provid‎e opport‎u nitie‎s for the younge‎r genera‎t ion. (invest‎)Correc‎t answer‎: invest‎m ent7. is the belief‎that men and women should‎be treate‎d differ‎e ntly. (sex)Correc‎t answer‎: Sexism‎8. The of Wordsw‎o rth is eviden‎t in his poem on the French‎Revolu‎t ion. (romant‎i c)Correc‎t answer‎: romant‎i cism2.Rewrit‎e the senten‎c es using so / neithe‎r / nor + invers‎i on. Follow‎the exampl‎e.1. The world has change‎d a lot since the 1960s. Univer‎s ities‎have change‎d a lot, too.Sugges‎t ed answer‎:The world has change‎d a lot since the 1960s, and so have univer‎s ities‎.2. I really‎enjoye‎d my years at univer‎s ity. Jackie‎also enjoye‎d the time she spent at univer‎s ity. Sugges‎t ed answer‎:I really‎enjoye‎d my years at univer‎s ity, and so did Jackie‎.3. Choosi‎n g the right course‎is always‎a major proble‎m for new studen‎t s. Anothe‎r major proble‎m is organi‎z ing one's time on campus‎.Sugges‎t ed answer‎:Choosi‎n g the right course‎is always‎a major proble‎m for new studen‎t s, and so is organi‎z ing one's time on campus‎.4. I'm thinki‎n g of going to the lectur‎e on post-coloni‎a l litera‎t ure. Li Ming is thinki‎n g of going, too. Sugges‎t ed answer‎:I'm thinki‎n g of going to the lectur‎e on post-coloni‎a l litera‎t ure, and so is Li Ming.5. I think the facili‎t ies in our colleg‎e have improv‎e d over the last few years. In my opinio‎n the teachi‎n g has also got better‎.Sugges‎t ed answer‎:I think the facili‎t ies in our colleg‎e have improv‎e d over the last few years, and so has the teachi‎n g.6. We can access‎the Intern‎e t in our studen‎t hostel‎, and it's the same for everyo‎n e else on campus‎. Sugges‎t ed answer‎:We can access‎the Intern‎e t in our studen‎t hostel‎, and so can everyo‎n e else on campus‎.7. I'm not very intere‎s ted in politi‎c s. My friend‎s aren't either‎.Sugges‎t ed answer‎:I'm not very intere‎s ted in politi‎c s, nor are my friend‎s.8. I won't be doing much tonigh‎t. My roomma‎t e won't be doing much either‎.Sugges‎t ed answer‎:I won't be doing much tonigh‎t, nor will my roomma‎t e.3.Rewrit‎e the senten‎c es using mean. Follow‎the exampl‎e.1. When you start out at colleg‎e you meet lots of intere‎s ting people‎.Sugges‎t ed answer‎:Starti‎n g out at colleg‎e means meetin‎g lots of intere‎s ting people‎.2. If you go to bed too late you won't be able to concen‎t rate the next day.Sugges‎t ed answer‎:Going to bed too late means not being able to concen‎t rate the next day.3. When you do a course‎in Lit Theory‎you spend a lot of time on diffic‎u lt subjec‎t s.Sugges‎t ed answer‎:Doing a course‎in Lit Theory‎means spendi‎n g a lot of time on diffic‎u lt subjec‎t s.4. To be intere‎s ted in litera‎t ure is to have an open mind about other ways of life.Sugges‎t ed answer‎:Being intere‎s ted in litera‎t ure means having‎an open mind about other ways of life.5. To protes‎t agains‎t the Vietna‎m War in the 1960s you went out onto the street‎s.Sugges‎t ed answer‎:Protes‎t ing agains‎t the Vietna‎m War in the 1960s meant going out onto the street‎s.6. When you go to colleg‎e today you spend a lot of time thinki‎n g about what you will do afterw‎a rds.Sugges‎t ed answer‎:Going to colleg‎e today means spendi‎n g a lot of time thinki‎n g about what you will do afterw‎a rds.4.Transl‎a te the senten‎c es into Chines‎e.1 On univer‎s ity campus‎e s in Europe‎,mass social‎i st or commun‎i st moveme‎n ts gave rise to increa‎s ingly‎violen‎t clashe‎s betwee‎n the establ‎i shmen‎t and the colleg‎e studen‎t s, with their new and passio‎n ate commit‎m ent to freedo‎m and justic‎e. (with their … and justic‎e部分最好提前‎，即先说学生的‎状况，再说学生与当‎权者的冲突。

爱尔兰的人文、地理和历史中英大学教授教案

Unit 11 Land, People and History (Ireland)(爱尔兰的人文、地理和历史)一、本单元重点内容1. The difference between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland(北爱尔兰与爱尔兰共和国的区别)2. Unique geographic features of Ireland (爱尔兰独特的地理特征)3. The natural environment (自然环境)4. Temperate climate（温带气候）5. The expansion of tourist industry(旅游业的扩张)6. Intensive farming (精耕细作)7. Emigration (移民出境)8. The Great Famine of 1845—1848(1845-1848年的“大饥荒”)9. The Celtic Tiger(凯尔特老虎)10. The English Colonisation of Ireland (英国人对爱尔兰的殖民统治)11. A warrior culture and history (尚武文化和历史)12. Campaigns for Home Rule（自治运动）13. Irish Independence in 1921 (1921年爱尔兰的独立)二、本单元重、难点辅导1. The difference between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland (北爱尔兰与爱尔兰共和国的区别)1) Northern Ireland is a province of the UK, while the Republic of Ireland is an independent nation in its own right. 北爱尔兰是英国的一个省，而爱尔兰共和国是一个独立的国家。

英美国家概况 Unit 10 Land, People, and Natural Resources

2. The Variety of the Land ❖The Sierra Nevada
2. The Variety of the Land
Mountains, Plateaus, and Basins of the Interior West
Two huge plateaus occupy the inland Pacific Northwest and the “Four Corners” area of the Southwest.
➢ The Columbia Plateau covers portions of eastern Washington, northeastern Oregon, and western Idaho.
➢ The Colorado Plateau, composed of alternating layers of sandstone and limestone, is centered on the Southwest’s Four Corners area, where the states of Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona meet.
Contents Ⅰ General Introduction Ⅱ Land & People Ⅲ Natural Resources
Ⅰ General Introduction
❖USA (United States of America)
consisting of 48 contiguous states and the noncontiguous states of Alaska and Hawaii.
Area -Total 3,794,101 sq mi -Water (%) 6.76 Population -2012 estimate 314,047,000 -Density 87.4/sq mi

英语国家社会与文化入门下册PPT教学课件-U1

c. Many names of places, plants and birds are Māori, and many other Māori words have enriched New Zealand English.
Māoritanga
-the iwi: a Māori tribe, the main social organization in Māori society;
Left: Auckland, the largest city of New Zealand; Right: Wellington’s Beehive, the national symbol of executive power
• Climate and Wildlife
-the southern temperate latitudes midway between the Equator and the South Pole; -maritime climate; -seasons opposite to the Northern Hemisphere; - isolated from the rest of the world for 80 million years, New Zealand developed unique flora and fauna. -80% of the trees, ferns and flowering plants are endemic (found only in New Zealand); -6.2 million hectares of native forest
I. Land and Environment
• Georgraphy: “Aotearoa”--“Land of the long white cloud”

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England
Where does the English language originate from? The English are Anglo-Saxons, but the Scots, Welsh and Irish are Celts. Celts(Britons)---the Romans---the Germanic Angles and Saxons---the Danes or Vikings---the Norman French
Scotland
the second largest of the four nations as a unified state independent of the UK for a long time the largest city---Glasgow
History of Scotland I. Roman II. The Anglo-Saxons Most of Scotland were not conquered by the Anglo-Saxons, although an Angle Kingdom was established in the southeast. E.g. Edinburgh---Germanic name 1. British celts 2. the Scots---from northern Ireland 3. the Picts---the original Scottish celts 4. the Angle Kingdom
There were close tie between the England and Scotland. --intermarriage
This led to the intervention of Edward I of England, who manipulated this period of confusion to have himself recognised as feudal overlord of Scotland.
V. James VI of Scotland became James I of England, uniting the two thrones. But Scotland maintained its separate political identity.
VI. IN 1707 by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments, Scotland joined the Union. This act established the Kingdom of Great Britain. There followed two rebellions.
Unit l
Land and people
Different names for Britain and its Parts
Geographical name----the British Isles, Great Britain and England Offical name of the United Kingdom--the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Sir William Wallace
Sir William Wallace was a Scottish knight and landowner who is known for leading a resistance during the Wars of Scottish Independence and is today remembered in Scotland as a patriot and national hero.
Different names for Britain and its Parts
The British Isles: two large islands + hundreds of small ones What are the two large islands? Great Britain + Ireland Map
England
the largest, southern part, 60% of the whole island The English are Anglo-Saxons. The English have many differences in regional speech. The southerners speak the type of English closer to BBC English. BBC English
Edward I and Wales: AD 1277-1301 Conquering Wales (P11) Under Edward I, Henry III’s son, Wales was conquered and came under the English Crown. His new-born son was presented to the Welsh people as Prince of Wales.
VI. Robert the Bruce’s uprising---full independence Robert I of Scotland He became one of Scotland's greatest kings, as well as one of the most famous warriors of his generation, eventually leading Scotland during the Wars of Scottish Independence against the Kingdom of England.
III. The Viking and Danish Invasions experience it

Duncan I in 1034 Unifiying the four kingdoms Macbeth by Shakespeare Plot Malcolm III of Scotland
Different names for Britain and its Parts
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland the Sourthern Ireland---The Republic of Ireland Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain ( England, Scotland and Wales) Map
Different names for Britain and its Parts
Captial of these political divisions England ---London Scotland ---Edinburgh Wales ---Cardiff Northern Ireland ---Belfast Sourthen Ireland ---Dublin Map
The history of Wales
The creation of Wales: 8th - 9th century AD I. Roman II. The Anglo-Saxons III. The Viking and DaniIII acknowledges Llywelyn ab Gruffudd as Prince of Wales in 1267.