常用英语解剖单词.
解剖学英文单词(节录)
解剖学英文单词(节录)anatomy 解剖学locomotor system 运动系统osteology 骨学bone 骨cartilage 软骨bone marrow 骨髓vertebra 椎骨c e r v i c a l v e r t e b r a e颈椎t h o r a c i c v e r t e b r a e胸椎l u m b a r v e r t e b r a e腰椎s a c r u m骶骨c o c c y x尾骨r i b肋costal bone 肋骨sternum 胸骨sternal angle 胸骨角cranium, skull 颅orbit 眶p a r a n a s a l s i n u s鼻旁窦f r o n t a l s i n u s额窦m a x i l l a r y s i n u s上颌窦s p h e n o i d a l s i n u s蝶窦e t h m o i d a l s i n u s筛窦pterion 翼点c r a n i a l f o n t a n e l l e s颅囟c l a v i c l e锁骨h u m e r u s肱骨s c a p u l a肩胛骨r a d i u s桡骨u l n a尺骨c a r p a l b o n e s腕骨metacarpal bones掌骨phalanges 指骨/趾骨hip bone 髋骨i l i u m髂骨i s c h i u m坐骨p u b i s耻骨acetabulum 髋臼femur 股骨patella 髌骨t i b i a胫骨f i b u l a腓骨tarsal bones 跗骨metatarsal bones 跖骨arthrology 关节学fibrous joint 纤维连结artilaginous joint 软骨连结s y n o s t e o s i s骨性结合j o i n t,a r t i c u l a t i o n关节v e r t e b r a l c o l u m n脊柱i n t e r v e r t e b r a l d i s c椎间盘t h o r a c i c c a g e胸廓temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节s h o u l d e r j o i n t肩关节e l b o w j o i n t肘关节r a d i o c a r p a l j o i n t/w r i s t j o i n t桡腕关节p u b i c s y m p h y s i s耻骨联合p e l v i s骨盆h i p j o i n t髋关节k n e e j o i n t膝关节a n k l e j o i n t踝关节m e n i s c u s半月板mycology 肌学m u s c l e肌肉t e n d o n肌腱a p o n e u r o s i s腱膜f a s c i a筋膜t r a p e z i u s m.斜方肌l a t i s s i m u s d o r s i m.背阔肌e r e c t o r s p i n a e m.竖脊肌sternocleidomastoid m. 胸锁乳突肌p e c t o r a l i s m a j o r m.胸大肌s e r r a t u s a n t e r i o r m.前锯肌i n t e r c o s t a l m.肋间肌d i a p h r a g m膈inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带i n g u i n a l c a n a l腹股沟管i n g u i n a l t r i a n g l e腹股沟三角d e l t o i d m.三角肌b i c e p s b r a c h i i m.肱二头肌t r i c e p s b r a c h i i m.肱三头肌g l u t e u s m a x i m u s m.臀大肌s a r t o r i u s m.缝匠肌quadriceps femoris m .股四头肌a d d u c t o r m a g n u s m.大收肌1t r i c e p s s u r a e m.小腿三头肌splanchnology 内脏学alimentary system 消化系统digestive tube/digestive tract消化管o r a l c a v i t y口腔p a l a t e腭t o n g u e舌c h e e k颊t o o t h牙t o n s i l扁桃体s a l i v a r y g l a n d s唾液腺s u b l i n g u a l g l a n d舌下腺p a r o t i d g l a n d腮腺submandibular gland 下颌下腺p h a r y n x咽e s o p h a g u s食管s t o m a c h,g a s t e r胃c a r d i a贲门p y l o r u s幽门s m a l l i n t e s t i n e小肠d u o d e n u m十二指肠j e j u n u m空肠i l e u m回肠c a e c u m盲肠v e r m i f o r m a p p e n d i x阑尾c o l o n结肠s i g m o i d c o l o n乙状结肠r e c t u m直肠a n a l c a n a l肛管a n u s肛门l i v e r,h e p a r肝p o r t a h e p a t i s肝门g a l l b l a d d e r胆囊p a n c r e a s胰r e s p i r a t o r y s y s t e m呼吸系统n o s e鼻n a s a l c a v i t y鼻腔l a r y n x喉t r a c h e a气管bronchus 支气管l u n g肺p l e u r a胸膜p l e u r a l c a v i t y胸膜腔p l e u r a l r e c e s s e s胸膜隐窝costodiaphragmatic recess 肋膈隐窝m e d i a s t i n u m纵隔u r i n a r y s y s t e m泌尿系统k i d n e y肾u r e t e r输尿管u r i n a r y b l a d d e r膀胱u r e t h r a尿道r e p r o d u c t i v e s ys t e m生殖系统t e s t i s睾丸e p i d i d y m i s附睾d u c t u s d e f e r e n s输精管s p e r m a t i c c o r d精索p r o s t a t e/p ro s t a t e gl a n d前列腺s e m i n a l v e s i c l e精囊s c r o t u m阴囊p e n i s阴茎o v a r y卵巢u t e r i n e t u b e输卵管u t e r u s子宫v a g i n a阴道m a m m a,b r e a s t乳房p e r i n e u m会阴p e l v i c d i a p h r a g m盆膈urogenital diaphragm 尿生殖膈p e r i t o n e u m腹膜g r e a t e r o m e n t u m大网膜o m e n t a l b u r s e网膜囊m e s e n t e r y肠系膜s u b p h r e n i c s p a c e膈下间隙angiology 脉管学cardiovascular system 心血管系统lymphatic syatem 淋巴系统h e a r t心c a r d i a c a t r i u m心房c a r d i a c v e n t r i c l e心室t r i c u s p i d v a l v e三尖瓣m i t r a l v a l v e二尖瓣c o n u s a r t e r i o s u s动脉圆锥p u l m o n a r y o r i f i c e肺动脉口a o r t i c s i n u s主动脉窦i n t e r a t r i a l s e p t u m房间隔interventricular septum 室间隔s i n u a t r i a l n o d e窦房结a t r i o v e n t r i c u l a r n o d e房室结at ri o v ent ri cul a r bu ndl e房室束c o r o n a r y a r t e r y冠状动脉p e r i c a r d i u m心包2p u l m o n a r y t r u n k肺动脉干a r t e r i a l l i g a m e n t动脉韧带common carotid a. 颈总动脉internal carotid a. 颈内动脉f a c i a l a.面动脉superficial temporal a. 颞浅动脉s u b c l a v i a n a.锁骨下动脉a x i l l a r y a.腋动脉b r ac h i a l a.肱动脉u l n a r a.尺动脉r ad i a l a.桡动脉superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓t h o r a c i c a o r t a胸主动脉a b d o m i n a l a o r t a腹主动脉c oe l i a c t r u n k腹腔干l ef tg a s t r i c a.胃左动脉common hepatic a. 肝总动脉splenic a. 脾动脉right gastroepiploic a. 胃网膜右动脉superior mesenteric a. 肠系膜上动脉c o m m o n i l i a c a.髂总动脉e x t e r n a l i l i a c a.髂外动脉f e m o r a l a.股动脉p o p l i t e a l a.腘动脉posterior tibial a. 胫后动脉peroneal a. 腓动脉dorsal artery of foot 足背动脉uterine a. 子宫动脉superior vena cava 上腔静脉brachiocephalic vein 头臂静脉internal jugular v. 颈内静脉c eph al i c v. 头静脉b a s i l i c v.贵要静脉median cubital v. 肘正中静脉a z yg o s v.奇静脉g r e a t s a ph e n o u s v.大隐静脉p o r t a l v.门静脉p a r a u m bi l i c a l v.附脐静脉t h o r a c i c d u c t胸导管superficial inguinal lymph nodes腹股沟浅淋巴结s p l e e n脾t h y m u s胸腺s e n s o r y o r g a n s感觉器v i s u a l o r g a n s视器e y e眼c o r n e a角膜s c l e r a巩膜i r i s虹膜p u p i l瞳孔c i l i a r y b o d y睫状体c h o r o i d脉络膜r e t i n a视网膜o p t i c d i s c视神经盘m a c u l a l u t e a黄斑a q u e o u s h u m o r房水l e n s晶状体v i t r e o u s b o d y玻璃体c o n j u n c t i v a结膜l a c r i m a l a p p a r a t u s泪器o p h t h a l m i c a.眼动脉e a r耳t y m p a n i c m e m b r a n e鼓膜t y m p a n i c c a v i t y鼓室a u d i t o r y t u b e咽鼓管v e s t i b u l e前庭c o c h l e a耳蜗s e m i c i r c u l a r c a n a l半规管peripheral nervous system周围神经系统s p i n a l n e r v e脊神经s p i n a l g a n g l i a脊神经节c e r v i c a l p l e x u s颈丛b r a c h i a l p l e x u s臂丛m e d i a n n.正中神经musculocutaneous n. 肌皮神经i n t e r c o s t a l n.肋间神经l u m b a r p l e x u s腰丛o b t u r a t o r n.闭孔神经s a c r a l p l e x u s骶丛s c i a t i c n.坐骨神经t i b i a l n.胫神经common peroneal n. 腓总神经cranial n. 脑神经o l f a c t o r y n.嗅神经o p t i c n.视神经o c u l o m o t o r n.动眼神经t r o c h l e a r n.滑车神经t r i g e m i n a l n.三叉神经o p h t h a l m i c n.眼神经m ax i l l a r y n.上颌神经m a n d i b u l a r n.下颌神经3a b d u c e n t n.展神经f a c i a l n.面神经vestibulocochlear n. 前庭蜗神经glossopharyngeal n. 舌咽神经v a g u s n.迷走神经accessor y n.副神经h y p o g l o s s a l n.舌下神经c h o r d a t y m p a n i鼓索autonomic nervous system自主神经系统s y m p a t h e t i c n e r v e交感神经parasympathetic nerve 副交感神经central nervous system中枢神经系统s p i n a l c o r d脊髓g r a y m a t t e r灰质cortex 皮质nucleus 神经核white matter 白质medulla 髓质fasciculus 纤维束ganglion 神经节reticular formation 网状结构spinal cord脊髓anterior horn前角posterior funiculus 后索anterior white commissure fasciculus gracilis 薄束fasciculus cuneatus 楔束spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束corticospinal tract 皮质脊髓束corticonuclear tract 皮质核束b r a i n,e n c e p h a l o n脑b r a i n s t e m脑干m e d u l l a o b l o n g a t a延髓p y r a m i d锥体pyramidal decussation 锥体交叉p o n s脑桥midbrain, mesencephalon 中脑red nucleus 红核substantia nigra 黑质c e r e b e l l u m小脑d ie n c e p h a l o n间脑t h a l a m u s丘脑h y p o t h a l a m u s下丘脑o p t i c c h i a s m a视交叉medial geniculate body 内侧膝状体t e l e n c e p h a l o n端脑lateral ventricle侧脑室c h o r o i d p l e x u s脉络丛i n t e r n a l c a p s u l e内囊c o r p u s c a l l o s u m胼胝体c o r p u s s t r i a t u m纹状体c e r e b r a l c o r t e x大脑皮质hippocampal formation 海马结构limbic system 边缘系统extrapyramidal system 锥体外系c e r e b r a l d u r a m a t e r硬脑膜c a v e r n o u s s i n u s海绵窦e p i d u r a l s p a c e硬膜外隙subarachnoid space蛛网膜下隙s p i n a l p i a m a t e r软脊膜c e r e b r o s p i n a lf l u i d脑脊液e n d o c r i n eg l a n d s内分泌腺th y r oi d g l a n d甲状腺p a r a t h y r o i d g l a n d甲状旁腺s u p r a r e n a l g l a n d肾上腺h y p o p h y s i s垂体p i n e a l c o r p u s松果体4。
解剖学词汇中英对照
解剖学词汇中英对照解剖学是研究动物或植物结构的一支形态学分支学科，可以分为动物解剖学和植物解剖学。
接下来小编为大家整理了解剖学词汇中英对照，希望对你有帮助哦!brain 脑lumbar vertebra 腰椎?lung 肺?occipital lobe 枕叶patella 髌骨penis 阴茎peritoneum 腹膜reticular formation 网状结构sclera 巩膜stomach 胃superior colliculus 上丘thoracic vertebra 胸椎tibia 胫骨autonomic nervous system 植物性神经系统，自主神经系internal capsule 内囊kidney 肾脏lingual n. 舌神经sacral plexus 骶丛sympathetic 交感的brachiocephalic trunk 头臂干articular capsule 关节囊Blood vessel systemcarpus 腕骨external ear 外耳facial n. 面神经hip bone 髋骨inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带lateral ventricle 侧脑室locus ceruleus 蓝斑lymph node 淋巴结lymphatic system 淋巴系nervous system 神经系统nucleus ambiguous 疑核orbita 眶pelvis 骨盆pons 脑桥spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束sternum 胸骨submandibular gland 下颌下腺substantia nigra 黑质anatomy 解剖学duodenum 十二指肠internal carotid a. 颈内动脉? intervertebral disc 椎间盘levator ani m. 肛提肌nucleus proprius cornu posterior 后角固有核occipital bone 枕骨palate 腭postcentral gyrus 中央后回pubic symphysis 耻骨联合pyramidal tract 锥体束sensory neuron 感觉神经元telencephalon 端脑aorta 主动脉biceps brachii m. 肱二头肌capillary 毛细血管?cardiac apex 心尖?frontal bone 额骨?ganglion 神经节interatrial septum 房间隔? lymphatic trunk 淋巴干?pleura 胸膜pubis 耻骨red nucleus 红核small intestine 小肠cartilage 软骨?dura mater 硬膜iliopsoas m.motor neuron 运动神经元pia mater 软脑膜posterior funiculus 后索talocrural (ankle) joint 距骨小腿(踝)关节thoracic duct 胸导管tibial n. 胫神经atrioventricular bundle 房室束atrium 心房axillary a. 腋动脉basilic v. 贵要静脉bronchus 支气管central nervous system 中枢神经系统gall bladder 胆囊gray substance 灰质interventricular septum 室间隔large intestine 大肠lip 唇liver 肝?lumbar plexus 腰丛?mamma (breast) 乳房mandible 下颌骨medial lemniscus 内侧丘系nasal septum 鼻中隔neuron 神经元nucleus 细胞核，神经核parietal bone 顶骨parietal lobe 顶叶pharynx 咽posterior horn 后角precentral gyrus 中央前回pylorus 幽门radius 挠骨sacrum 骶骨sagittal plane 矢状面scapula 肩胛骨skeleton 骨骼spermatic cord 精索sphenoid bone 蝶骨spleen 脾subarachnoid space 蛛网膜下腔synapse 突触temporal lobe 颞叶basal nuclei 基底核bone 骨brachial plexus 臂丛central gray substance 中央灰质? fasciculus gracilis 薄束?femoral n. 股神经?fibula 腓骨?hippocampus 海马?ilium 髂骨?ligament 韧带maxilla 上颌骨mesentery 肠系膜nasal cavity 鼻腔ovary 卵巢peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统pupil 瞳孔sense organ 感觉器官accessory n. 副神经brain stem 脑干caecum 盲肠?diencephalon 间脑?larynx 喉lateral funiculus 外侧索?nerve 神经nucleus posteromarginalis 后角边缘核oesophagus 食道parasympathetic 副交感的prostate 前列腺retina 视网膜scrotum 阴囊temporal bone 颞骨thalamus 丘脑anatomy 解剖学anterior horn 前角anus 肛门arachnoid 蛛网膜associate neuron 联络神经元atrioventricular node 房室结ductus deferens 输精管?eyeball 眼球fascia 筋膜?femoral a. 股动脉?femur 股骨greater omentum 大网膜humerus 肱骨?inferior colliculus 下丘?inferior vena cava 下腔静脉? insula 岛叶?iris 虹膜jejunum 空肠lesser omentum 小网膜? anterior cerebral a. 大脑前动脉horizontal planeischium 坐骨joint cavity 关节腔?laterior horn 外侧角?lymph vessel 淋巴管?muscle 肌perineum 会阴sternocleidomastoid m. 胸锁乳突肌superior vena cava 上腔静脉anal canal 肛管artery 动脉auditory tube 咽鼓管axillary n. 腋神经carpal canal 腕管?diaphragm 膈?Edinger Westphal nucleus E W核? endocrine gland 内分泌腺fasciculus cuneatus 楔束?frontal lobe 额叶?genital organs 生殖器? hypothalamus 丘脑下部，下丘脑? ileocaecal valve 回盲瓣? midbrain， mesencephalon 中脑radial a. 桡动脉spinal cord 脊髓tendo calcaneus 跟腱tongue 舌angiology 脉管学auricle 耳廓cardiac orifice 贲门?lens 晶体neuroglia 神经胶质nucleus solitarius 孤束核? thyroid gland 甲状腺。
《解剖专业英语词汇》
人体解剖学专业英语词汇邵旭建青岛大学医学院解剖教研室Introduction（绪论）systematic anatomy（系统解剖学）regional(topographic) anatomy（局部解剖学）head头（face面，cranium颅）neck颈（cervix颈，nucha项）trunk躯干（thorax胸，abdomen腹，pelvis 盆，perineum会阴，back背）limbs四肢（upper limb上肢，lower limb下肢）anatomical position（解剖学姿势）superior and inferior（上与下）anterior and posterior（前与后）medial and lateral（内侧与外侧）superficial and deep（浅与深）internal and external（内与外）proximal and distal（近侧与远侧）vertical axis（垂直轴）sagittal axis（矢状轴）coronal(frontal) axis冠状轴（额状轴）sagittal plane（矢状面）coronal(frontal) plane（冠状面）horizontal(transverse) plane（水平面）I.Locomotor System（运动系统）1.Bony System (Osteology)（骨学）long bone（长骨）short bone（短骨）flat bone（扁骨）irregular bone（不规则骨）shaft（骨干）medullary cavity（髓腔）nutrient foramen（滋养孔）epiphysis（骺）metaphysis（干骺端）epiphysial cartilage（骺软骨）epiphysial line（骺线）bony substance（骨质）compact(dense) bone（骨密质）cancellous(spongy) bone（骨松质）trabeculae（骨小梁）diploe（板障）periosteum（骨膜）bony marrow（骨髓）(1)Bones of Trunk（躯干骨）vertebrae（椎骨）cervical vertebrae（颈椎）thoracic vertebrae（胸椎）lumbar vertebrae（腰椎）sacrum（骶骨）coccyx（尾骨）body(centrum)（椎体）arch（椎弓）pedicles（椎弓根）laminae（椎弓板）spinous process（棘突）transverse process（横突）superior process（上关节突）inferior process（下关节突）intervertebral foramina（椎间孔）vertebral foramen and vertebral canal（椎孔、椎管）uncus of vertebral body（椎体钩）Luschka joint（钩椎关节）carotis tubercle（颈动脉结节）atlas（寰椎）anterior arch（前弓）posterior arch（后弓）lateral masses（侧块）dental fovea（齿突凹）groove for vertebral artery（椎动脉沟）axis（枢椎）odontoid process（齿突）vertebra prominens（隆椎）thoracic vertebrae（胸椎）costal facets（肋凹）lumbar vertebrae（腰椎）sacrum（骶骨）promontory（骶岬）ala（翼）articular surface（耳状面）sacral tuberosity（骶粗隆）anterior sacral foramen（骶前孔）median sacral crest（骶正中嵴）posterior sacral foramen（骶后孔）sacral horn（骶角）sacral canal（骶管）sacral hiatus（骶管裂孔）sternum（胸骨）manubrium（柄）clavicular notch（锁切迹）jugular notch（颈静脉切迹）body（体）costal notche（肋切迹）xiphoid process（剑突）sternal angle（胸骨角）rib（肋骨）costal head（肋头）costal neck（肋颈）costal tubercle（肋结节）costal body（肋体）costal angle（肋角）costal groove（肋沟）costal cartilage（肋软骨）(2)Skull（颅）1)Bones of Cerebral Cranium（脑颅骨）frontal bone（额骨）frontal squama（额鳞）ethmoid bone（筛骨）perpendicular plate（垂直板）ethmoid labyrinth（筛骨迷路）superior nasal cocha（上鼻甲）middle nasal cocha（中鼻甲）sphenoid bone（蝶骨）parietal bone（顶骨）temporal bone（颞骨）squamous part（鳞部）tympanic part（鼓部）petrous part（岩部）occipital bone(枕骨)2)Bones of Facial Cranium（面颅骨）maxilla（上颌骨）body of maxilla（上颌体）infraorbital foramen（眶下孔）frontal process（额突）zygomatic process（颧突）alveolar process（牙槽突）palatine process（腭突）zygomatic bone（颧骨）palatine bone（腭骨）horizontal plate（水平板）perpendicular plate（垂直板）nasal bone（鼻骨）lacrimal bone（泪骨）inferior nasal concha（下鼻甲）vomer（犁骨）mandible（下颌骨）body of mandible（下颌体）base of mandible（下颌底）alveolar arch（牙槽弓）mental foramen（颏孔）mental protuberance（颏隆起）mental spine（颏棘）digastric fossa（二腹肌窝）ramus of mandible（下颌支）coronoid process（冠突）condylar process（髁突）mandibular notch（下颌切迹）head of mandible（下颌头）neck of mandible（下颌颈）mandibular angle（下颌角）mandibular foramen（下颌孔）mandibular canal（下颌管）mandibular lingula（下颌小舌）hyoid bone（舌骨）greater horn（大角）lesser horn（小角）3)Superior Aspect of Skull（颅骨上面观）coronal suture（冠状缝）sagittal suture（矢状缝）lamboid suture（人字缝）parietal foramen（顶孔）parietal tubercle（顶结节）4)Posterior Aspect of Skull（颅骨后面观）external occipital protuberance（枕外隆突）superior nuchal line（上项线）inferior nuchal line（上项线）5)Internal Aspect of Skull Cap（颅顶内面观）arterial sulcus（动脉沟）sulcus for superior sagittal sinus（上矢状窦沟）granular foveolae（颗粒小窝）anterior cranial fossa（颅前窝）frontal crest（额嵴）foramen cecum（盲孔）crista galli（鸡冠）cribriform plate（筛板）cribriform foramina（筛孔）middle crinial fossa（颅中窝）optic canal（视神经管）anterior clinoid process（前床突）posterior clinoid process（后床突）tuberculum sellae（鞍结节）dorsum sellae（鞍背）sella turcica（蝶鞍）carotid sulcus（颈动脉沟）supraorbital fissure（眶上裂）foramen lacerum（破裂孔）internal opening for carotid canal（颈动脉管内口）foramen rotundum（圆孔）foramen ovale（卵圆孔）foramen spinosus（棘孔）sulcus for middle menigeal artery（脑膜中动脉沟）tegmen tympani（鼓室盖）trigeminal impression（三叉神经压迹）posterior cranial fossa（颅后窝）foramen magnus（枕骨大孔）clivus（斜坡）internal opening for hypoglossal canal（舌下神经管内口）internal occipital probuberance（枕内隆凸）sulcus for transverse sinus（横窦沟）sulcus for sigmoid sinus（乙状窦沟）jugular foramen（颈静脉孔）internal acoustic pore（内耳门）internal acoustic meatus（内耳道）6)External Aspect of Base of Skull（颅骨底面观）bony palate（骨腭）intermaxillary suture（腭中缝）incisive foramen（切牙孔）incisive canal（切牙管）greater palatine foramen（腭大孔）posterior nasal aperture（鼻后孔）occipital condyle（枕髁）external opening of hypoglossal canal（舌下神经管外口）condylar canal（髁管）external opening of carotid canal（颈动脉管外口）styloid process（茎突）stylomastoid foramen（茎乳孔）mandibular fossa（下颌窝）articular tubercle（关节结节）lateral pterygoid plate（翼突外侧板）medial pterygoid plate（翼突内侧板）pterygoid process（翼突）pterygoid canal（翼管）6)Lateral Aspect of Skull（颅骨侧面观）external acoustic pore（外耳门）mastoid process（乳突）zygomatic arch（颧弓）temporal fossa（颞窝）superior temporal line（上颞线）inferior temporal line（下颞线）pterion（翼点）infratemporal fossa（颞下窝）pterygopalatine fissure（翼上颌裂）pterygopalatine fossa（翼腭窝）sphenopalatine foramen（蝶腭孔）7)Anterior Aspect of Skull（颅骨前面观）frontal tubercle（额结节）superciliary arch（眉弓）glabella（眉间）orbit（眶）base（底）supraorbital margin（眶上缘）supraorbital foramen(notch)眶上孔（切迹）infraorbital margin（眶下缘）infraorbital foramen（眶下孔）apex（尖）optic canal（视神经管）fossa for lacrimal gland（泪腺窝）infraorbital groove（眶下沟）infraorbital canal（眶下管）fossa for lacrimal sac（泪囊窝）superior orbital fissure（眶上裂）inferior orbital fissure（眶下裂）piriform aperture（梨状孔）bony septum of nose（骨鼻中隔）superior nasal meatus（上鼻道）middle nasal meatus（中鼻道）inferior nasal meatus（下鼻道）nasolacrimal canal（鼻泪管）sphenoethmoidal recess（蝶筛隐窝）frontal sinus（额窦）maxillary sinus（上颌窦）ethmoidal sinus（筛窦）sphenoid sinus（蝶窦）anterior fontanelle前囟（额囟）posterior fontanelle后囟（枕囟）anterolateral fontanelle前外侧囟（蝶囟）posterolateral fontanelle后外侧囟（乳突囟）(3)Bones of Upper Limb（上肢骨）shoulder girdle（上肢带骨）clavicle（锁骨）scapula（肩胛骨）subscapular fossa（肩胛下窝）spine of scapula（肩胛冈）supraspinous fossa（冈上窝）infrospinous fossa（冈下窝）coracoid process（喙突）scapular notch（肩胛切迹）glenoid cavity（关节盂）uproscapular tubercle（盂上结节）infroscapular tubercle（盂下结节）bones of free upper limb（自由上肢骨）humerus（肱骨）head of humerus（肱骨头）anatomical neck（解剖颈）surgical neck（外科颈）greater tubercle（大结节）lesser tubercle（小结节）crest of greater tubercle（大结节嵴）crest of lesser tubercle（小结节嵴）intertubercular sulcus（结节间沟）groove for radial nerve（桡神经沟）deltoid tuberosity（三角肌粗隆）capitulum of humerus（肱骨小头）trochlea of humerus（肱骨滑车）coronoid fossa（冠突窝）radial fossa（桡窝）olecranon fossa（鹰嘴窝）medial epicondyle（内上髁）lateral epicondyle（外上髁）sulcus for ulnar nerve（尺神经沟）radius（桡骨）head of radius（桡骨头）neck of radius（桡骨颈）radial tuberosity（桡骨粗隆）articular fovea（关节凹）articular circumference（环状关节面）interosseous border（骨间缘）styloid process（茎突）ulnar notch（尺切迹）carpal articular surface（腕关节面）ulna（尺骨）olecranon（鹰嘴）coronoid process（冠突）trochlear notch（滑车切迹）ulna tuberosity（尺骨粗隆）radial notch（桡切迹）interosseous border（骨间缘）head of ulna（尺骨头）styloid process（茎突）skeleton of hand（手骨）carpal bones（腕骨）scaphoid bone（手舟骨）lunate bone（月骨）triquetral bone（三角骨）pisiform bone（豌豆骨）trapezium bone（大多角骨）trapezoid bone（小多角骨）capitate bone（头状骨）hamate bone（钩骨）metacarpal bones（掌骨）phalanges（指骨）(4)Bones of Lower Limb（下肢骨）pelvic girdle（下肢带骨）hip bone（髋骨）ilium（髂骨）acetabulum（髋臼）obturator of formen（闭孔）body of ilium（髂骨体）ala of ilium（髂骨翼）iliac crest（髂嵴）anterior superior iliac spine（髂前上棘）posterior superior iliac spine（髂后上棘）anterior inferior iliac spine（髂前下棘）posterior inferior iliac spine（髂后下棘）iliac tubercle（髂结节）greater sciatic notch（坐骨大切迹）iliac fossa（髂窝）arcuate line（弓状线）gluteal surface（臀面）ischium（坐骨）body of ischium（坐骨体）ramus of ischium（坐骨支）ischial spine（坐骨棘）lesser sciatic notch（坐骨小切棘）ischial tuberosity（坐骨结节）pubis（耻骨）body of pubis（耻骨体）superior ramus of pubis（耻骨上支）inferior ramus of pubis（耻骨下支）iliopubic eminence（髂耻隆起）pecten of pubis（耻骨梳）pubic tubercle（耻骨结节）symphyseal surface（耻骨联合面）lunate surface（月状面）acetabular fossa（宽臼窝）acetabular notch（髋臼切迹）bones of free lower limb（自由下肢骨）femur（股骨）femoral head（股骨头）fovea of femoral head（股骨头窝）neck of femur（股骨颈）greater trochanter（大转子）lesser trochanter（小转子）intertrochanteric line（转子间线）intertrochanteric crest（转子间嵴）linea aspera（粗线）gluteal tuberosity（臀肌粗隆）pectineal line（耻骨肌线）popliteal surface（腘面）medial condyle（内侧髁）lateral condyle（外侧髁）intercondylar fossa（髁间窝）adductor tubercle（收肌结节）patella（髌骨）tibia（胫骨）intercondylar eminence（髁间隆起）tibial tuberosity（胫骨粗隆）interosseous border（骨间缘）soleal line（比目鱼肌线）medial malleolus（内踝）fibular notch（腓切迹）fibula（腓骨）fibular head（腓骨头）interosseous border（骨间缘）lateral malleous（外踝）skeleton of foot（足骨）tarsal bones（跗骨）talus（距骨）calcaneus（跟骨）navicular bone（足舟骨）medial cuneiform bone（内侧楔骨）intermediate cuneiform bone（中间楔骨）lateral cuneiform bone（外侧楔骨）cuboid bone（骰骨）metartarsal bones（跖骨）phalanges of toes（趾骨）2.Arthrology（关节学）synarthroses（不动关节）fibrous joint（纤维连结）syndesmosis（韧带连结）ligament（韧带）interosseous membrane（骨间膜）suture（缝）cartilaginous joint（软骨连结）synchondrosis（透明软骨结合）symphysis（纤维软骨结合）synostosis（骨性结合）diarthrosis(synovial joint)动关节（滑膜关节）articular surface（关节面）articular caput（关节头）articular fossa（关节窝）articular cartilage（关节软骨）joint capsule（关节囊）fibrous membrane（纤维膜）synovial membrane（滑膜）synovial villi（滑膜绒毛）joint cavity（关节腔）articular disc and meniscus（关节盘、半月板）articular lip（关节唇）synovial plica（滑膜襞）synovial bursa（滑膜囊）gliding or slipping movement（滑动）flexion and extension（屈和伸）adduction and abduction（收和展）pronation and supination （旋前和旋后）rotation（旋转）circumduction（环转）uniaxial joint（单轴关节）hinge joint(trochlear joint)屈戍关节（滑车关节）pivot joint（车轴关节）biaxial joint（双轴关节）ellipsoid joint(condyloid joint)椭圆关节（髁状关节）saddle joint（鞍状关节）polyaxial joint（三轴关节）ball and socket joint（球窝关节）plane joint（平面关节）(1)Joints of Bones of Trunk（躯干骨的连结）vertebral column（脊柱）intervertebral disc（椎间盘）annulus fibrosus（纤维环）nucleus pulpsus（髓核）anterior longitudinal ligament（前纵韧带）posterior longitudinal ligament（后纵韧带）ligamenta flava (yellow ligament)（黄韧带）interspinal ligaments（棘间韧带）supraspinal ligament（棘上韧带）ligamentum nuchae（项韧带）intertransverse ligament（横突间韧带）zygapophysial joint（关节突韧带）atlantooccipital joint（寰枕关节）anterior atlantooccipital membrane（寰枕前膜）posterior atlantooccipital membrane（寰枕后膜）atlantoaxial joint（寰枢关节）lateral atlantoaxial joint（寰枢外侧关节）median atlantoaxial joint（寰枢正中关节）apical ligament of dens（齿突尖韧带）alar ligament（翼状韧带）transverse ligament of atlas（寰椎横韧带）membrana tectoria（覆膜）cervical curve（颈曲）thoracic curve（胸曲）lumbar curve（腰曲）sacral curve（骶曲）thoracic cage（胸廓）superior aperture of thorax(inlet of thorax)（胸廓上口）inferior aperture of thorax（utlet of thorax)（胸廓下口）infrasternal angle（胸骨下角）intercostal space（肋间隙）costovertebral joint（肋椎关节）joint of costal head（肋头关节）costotransverse joint（肋横突关节）sternocostal joint（胸肋关节）(2)Synovial Joint of Skull（颅的连结）sphenooccipital synchondrosis（蝶枕软骨结合）temporomandibular joint（颞下颌关节）lateral ligament（外侧韧带）(3)Joints of Upper Limb（上肢骨连结）sternoclavicular joint（胸锁关节）acromioclavicular joint（肩锁关节）acromioclavicular ligament（肩锁韧带）coracoacromial ligament（喙锁韧带）coracoacromial ligament（喙肩韧带）shoulder joint（肩关节）elbow joint（肘关节）humeroulnar joint（肱尺关节）humeroradial joint（肱桡关节）proximal radioulnar joint（近侧桡尺关节）annular ligament（环状韧带）radial collateral ligament（桡侧副韧带）ulnar collateral ligament（尺侧副韧带）interosseous membrane of forearm（前臂骨间膜）distal radioulnar joint（远侧桡尺关节）joints of hand（手关节）wrist joint (radiocarpal joint)（腕关节）intercarpal joint（腕骨间关节）carpometacarpal joint（腕掌关节）carpometacarpal joint of thumb（拇指腕掌关节）intermetacarpal joint（掌骨间关节）metacarpophalangeal joint（掌指关节）palmar ligment（掌侧韧带）collateral ligment（侧副韧带）interphalangeal joint（指骨间关节）(4)Joints of Lower Limb（下肢骨连结）sacroiliac joint（骶髂关节）anterior sacroiliac ligament（骶髂前韧带）posterior sacroiliac ligament（骶髂后韧带）interosseous sacroiliac ligament（骶髂骨间韧带）iliolumbar ligament（髂腰韧带）sacrotuberous ligament（骶结节韧带）sacrospinous ligament（骶棘韧带）greater sciatic foramen（坐骨大孔）lesser sciatic foramen（坐骨小孔）pubic symphysis（耻骨联合）interpubic disc（耻骨间盘）suprapubic ligament（耻骨上韧带）arcurate pubic ligament（耻骨弓状韧带）obturator membrane（闭孔膜）obturator canal（闭膜管）pelvis（骨盆）greater pelvis（大骨盆）lesser pelvis（小骨盆）superior pelvic aperture(pelvic inlet)（骨盆上口）inferior pelvic aperture(pelvic outlet)（骨盆下口）pubic arch（耻骨弓）subpubic angle（耻骨下角）hip joint（髋关节）transverse acetabular ligament（髋臼横韧带）ligament of head of femur（股骨头韧带）iliofemoral ligament（髂股韧带）pubofemoral ligament（耻股韧带）ichiofemoral ligament（髂股韧带）zona orbicularis（轮匝带）knee joint（膝关节）patella ligament（髌韧带）tibial collateral ligament（胫侧副韧带）fibular collateral ligament（腓侧副韧带）oblique popliteal ligament（腘斜韧带）anterior cruciate ligament（前交叉韧带）posterior cruciate ligament（前交叉韧带）medial meniscus（内侧半月板）lateral meniscus（外侧半月板）suprapatellar bursa（髌上囊）deep infrapatallar bursa（髌下深囊）alar folds（翼状襞）tibiofibular joint（胫腓关节）crural interosseous membrane（小腿骨间膜）joint of foot（足关节）ankle joint(talocrural joint)（踝关节）medial(deltoid) ligament（内侧韧带）lateral ligament（外侧韧带）anterior talofibular ligament（距腓前韧带）posterior talofibular ligament（距腓后韧带）calcaneofibular ligament（跟腓韧带）talocalcaneal joint距跟关节（距下关节）talocalcaneonavicular joint（距跟舟关节）calcaneocuboid joint（跟骰关节）plantar calcaneonavicular ligament跟舟足底韧带（跳跃韧带）bifurcated ligament（分岐韧带）tarsometatarsal joint（跗跖关节）intermetatarsal joint（跖骨间关节）metatarsophalangeal joint（跖趾关节）interphalangeal joint（趾骨间关节）arch of foot（足弓）medial longitudunal arch（内侧纵弓）lateral longitudinal arch（外侧纵弓）transverse arch（横弓）3.Myology (Muscular System)（肌学）belly and tendon（肌腹和肌腱）aponeurosis（腱膜）long muscle（长肌）short muscle（短肌）flat muscle（扁肌）orbicular muscle（轮匝肌）prime mover（原动肌）fixator（固定肌）synergist（协同肌）antagonist（拮抗肌）fascia（筋膜）superficial(subcutaneous) fascia（浅筋膜）deep(proper) fascia（深筋膜）intermuscular septum（肌间隔）synovial bursa（滑膜囊）tendinous sheath（腱鞘）fibrous layer（纤维层）synovial layer（滑膜层）mesotendon（腱系膜）(1)Muscles of Head（头肌）1)Facial Muscles（面肌）epicranius(occipitofrontalis)（颅顶肌）frontal belly（额腹）galea aponeurotica（帽状腱膜）occipital belly（枕腹）orbicularis oculi（眼轮匝肌）muscles around mouth（口周围肌）orbicularis oris（口轮匝肌）levator labii superioris（提上唇肌）depressor anguli oris（降口角肌）depressor labii inferioris（降下唇肌）levator anguli oris（提口角肌）risorius（笑肌）zygomaticus major（颧大肌）zygomaticus minor（颧小肌）buccinator（颊肌）2)Masticatory Muscles（咀嚼肌）masseter（咬肌）temporalis（颞肌）lateral pterygoid（翼外肌）medial pterygoid（翼内肌）(2)Muscles of Neck（颈肌）platysma（颈阔肌）sternocleidomastoid（胸锁乳突肌）suprahyoid mm.（舌骨上肌群）diagastric（二腹肌）myohyoid（下颌舌骨肌）stylohyoid（茎突舌骨肌）geniohyoid（颏舌骨肌）infrahyoid mm.（舌骨下肌群）sternohyoid（胸骨舌骨肌）omohyoid（肩胛舌骨肌）sternohyoid（胸骨甲状肌）thyrohyoid（甲状舌骨肌）scalenus anterior（前斜角肌）scalenus medius（中斜角肌）scalenus posterior（后斜角肌）(3)Muscles of Trunk（躯干肌）1)Muscles of Back（背肌）trapezius（斜方肌）latissimus dorsi（背阔肌）levator scapulae（肩胛提肌）rhomboideus（菱形肌）erector spinae(sacrospinalis)（竖脊肌）splenius（夹肌）thoracolumbar fascia（胸腰筋膜）2)Muscles of Thorax（胸肌）pectoralis major（胸大肌）pectoralis minor（胸小肌）serratus anterior（前锯肌）intercostales externi（肋间外肌）intercostales interni（肋间内肌）intercostales intimi（肋间最内肌）diaphragm（膈）central tendon（中心腱）vena caval foramen（腔静脉孔）esophageal hiatus（食管裂孔）aortic hiatus（主动脉裂孔）3)Muscles of Abdomen（腹肌）obliquus externus abdominis（腹外斜肌）inguinal ligament（腹股沟韧带）lacunal ligament（腔隙韧带）obliquus internus abdominis（腹内斜肌）inguinal falx(conjoint tendon)腹股沟镰（联合腱）transversus abdominis（腹横肌）rectus abdominis（腹直肌）tendinosus intersection（腱划）sheath of rectus abdominis（腹直肌鞘）arcuate line（弓状线）linea alba（白线）quardratus lumborum（腰方肌）inner investing fascia（腹内筋膜）diaphragmatic fascia（膈筋膜）iliaopsoas fascia（髂腰筋膜）pelvic fascia（盆筋膜）transversalis fascia（腹横筋膜）inguinal canal（腹股沟管）superficial inguinal ring（腹股沟管浅环）deep inguinal ring（腹股沟管深环）(4)Muscles of Upper Limb（上肢肌）1)Muscles of Shoulder（肩部肌）deltoid（三角肌）supraspinatus（冈上肌）infraspinatus（冈下肌）teres minor（大圆肌）teres major（小圆肌）subscapularis（肩胛下肌）2)Muscles of Arm（臂肌）biceps brachii（肱二头肌）coracobrachialis（喙肱肌）brachialis（肱肌）triceps brachii（肱三头肌）3)Muscles of Forearm（前臂肌）Brachioradialis（肱桡肌）pronator teres（旋后肌）flexor carpi radialis（桡侧腕屈肌）palmaris longus（掌长肌）flexor carpi ulnaris（尺侧腕屈肌）flexor digitorum superficialis（指浅屈肌）flexor pollicis longus（拇长屈肌）flexor digitorum profundus（指深屈肌）pronator quadratus（旋前方肌）anconeus（肘肌）extensor carpi radialis longus（桡侧腕长伸肌）extensor carpi radialis brevis（桡侧腕短伸肌）extensor digitorum（指深肌）extensor digiti minimi（小指深肌）extensor carpi ulnaris（尺侧腕深肌）supinator（旋后肌）abductor pollicis longus（拇长展肌）extensor pollicis brevis（拇短伸肌）extensor pollicis longus（拇长伸肌）extensor indicis（示指伸肌）4)Muscles of Hand（手肌）abductor pollicis brevis（拇短展肌）flexor pollicis brevis（拇短屈肌）opponens pollicis（拇对掌肌）adductor pollicis（拇收肌）abductor digiti minimi（小指展肌）flexor digiti minimi brevis（小指短屈肌）oppenens digiti minimi（小指对掌肌）lumbricales（蚓状肌）palmar interossei（骨间掌侧肌）dorsal interossei（骨间背侧肌）axillary fossa（腋窝）trilateral foramen（三边孔）quadrilateral foramen（四边孔）deltopectoral groove（三角胸肌间沟）cubital fossa（肘窝）carpal canal（腕管）(5)Muscles of Lower Limb（下肢肌）1)Muscles of Hip（髋肌）iliopsoas（髂腰肌）psoas major（腰大肌）iliacus（髂肌）psoas minor（腰小肌）tensor fascia latae（阔筋膜张肌）iliotibial tract（髂胫束）gluteas maximus（臀大肌）gluteas medius（臀中肌）gluteas minimus（臀小肌）piriformis（梨状肌）obturator internus（闭孔内肌）obturator externus（闭孔外肌）quadratus femoris（股方肌）2)Muscles of Thigh（大腿肌）sartorius（缝匠肌）quadriceps femoris（股四头肌）rectus femoris（股直肌）vastus medialis（股内侧肌）vastus lateralis（股外侧肌）vastus intermedius（股中间肌）pectineus（耻骨肌）gracilis（股薄肌）adductor longus（长收肌）adductor brevis（短收肌）adductor magnus（大收肌）biceps femoris（股二头肌）；semitendinosus（半腱肌）semimenbranosus（半膜肌）3)Muscles of Leg（小腿肌）tibialis anterior（胫骨前肌）extensor digitorum longus（趾长深肌）extensor hallucis longus（拇长深肌）triceps surae（小腿三头肌）tendo calcaneus（跟腱）gastrocnemius（腓肠肌）soleus（比目鱼肌）plantaris（跖肌）popliteus（腘肌）flexor digitorum longus（趾长屈肌）tibialis posterior（胫骨后肌）flexor hallucis longus（拇长屈肌）peroneus longus（腓骨长肌）peroneus brevis（腓骨短肌）4)Muscles of Foot（足肌）extensor hallucis brevis（拇短伸肌）extensor digitorum brevis（趾短伸肌）abductor hallucis（拇展肌）flexor hallucis brevis（拇短屈肌）adductor hallucis（拇收肌）abductor digiti minimi（小趾展肌）flexor digiti minimi brevis（小趾短屈肌）flexor digitorum brevis（趾短屈肌）quadratus plantae（足底方肌）lumbricales（足蚓状肌）plantar interossei（骨间足底肌）dorsal interossei（骨间背侧肌）II.Splanchnology（内脏学）viscera（内脏）tubular viscus（中空性器官）mucous membrane (mucosa)（粘膜）submucosa（粘膜下层）muscular coat（肌层）adventitia(serosa)（外膜）parenchymatous organ（实质性器官）hilum(porta)（门）reference line of thorax（胸部标志线）anterior median line（前正中线）sternal line（胸骨线）midclavicular line（锁骨中线）parasternal line（胸骨旁线）anterior axillary line（腋前线）middle axillary line（腋中线）posterior axillary line（腋后线）scapular line（肩胛线）posterior median line（后正中线）abdominal regions（腹部分区）right hypochondric region（右季肋区）epigastric region（腹上区）left hypochondric region（左季肋区）right lumbar region（右腰区）umbilical region（脐区）left lumbar region（右腰区）right iliac region（右髂区）hypogastric region（腹下区）left iliac region（右髂区）1.Alimentary System（消化系统）alimentary canal（消化管）alimentary gland（消化腺）(1)Oral Cavity（口腔）oral vestibule（口腔前庭）oral lips（口唇）upper lip（上唇）philtrum（人中）lower lip（下唇）nasolabial sulcus（鼻唇沟）frenulum of upper lip（上唇系带）cheek（颊）oral cavity proper（固有口腔）hard palate（硬腭）soft palate（软腭）uvula（腭垂）palatine velum（腭帆）palatoglossal arch（腭舌弓）palatopharyngeal arch（腭咽弓）isthmus of fauces（咽峡）teeth (dentes)（牙）deciduous teeth（乳牙）permanent teeth（恒牙）incisor（切牙）canine（尖牙）premolar（前磨牙）molar（磨牙）crown of tooth（牙冠）neck of tooth（牙颈）root of tooth（牙根）dental cavity(pulp cavity)（牙腔）root canal（牙根管）dentine（牙质）enamel（釉质）cement（牙骨质）dental pulp（牙髓）periodontal membrane（牙周膜）alveolar bone（牙槽骨）gingiva（牙龈）tongue（舌）terminal sulcus（界沟）foramen cecum of tongue（舌盲孔）lingual mucous menbrane（舌粘膜）papillae of tongue（舌乳头）filiform papillae（丝状乳头）fungiform papillae（菌状乳头）oliate papillae（叶状乳头）valate papillae（轮廓乳头）lingual tonsil（舌扁桃体）frenulum of tongue（舌系带）sublingual caruncle（舌下阜）sublingual fold（舌下襞）muscles of tongue（舌肌）genioglossus（颏舌肌）hyoglossus（舌骨舌肌）styloglossus（茎突舌肌）superior longitudinal m.（上纵肌）inferior longitudinal m.（下纵肌）transverse m. of tongue（舌横肌）vertical m. of tongue（舌垂直肌）oral gland（口腔腺）sublingual gland（舌下腺）submandibular gland（下颌下腺）parotid gland（腮腺）parotid duct（腮腺导管）(2)Pharynx（咽）nasopharynx（鼻咽）pharyngeal opening of auditory tube（咽鼓管咽口）tubal torus（咽鼓管圆枕）pharyngeal recess（咽隐窝）tubal tonsil（咽鼓管扁桃体）pharyngeal tonsil（咽扁桃体）oropharynx（口咽）median glossoepiglottic fold（舌会厌正中襞）epiglottic vallecula（会厌谷）palatine tonsil（腭扁桃体）supratonsillar fossa（扁桃体上窝）laryngopharynx（喉咽）piriform recess（梨状隐窝）muscles of pharyngeal wall（咽壁肌）contrictors of pharynx（咽缩肌）(3)Esophagus（食管）(4)Stomach（胃）cardia（贲门）pylorus（幽门）greater curvature of stomach（胃大弯）cardiac incisure（贲门切迹）lesser curvature of stomach（胃小弯）angular incisura（角切迹）pyloric antrum（幽门窦）pyloric canal（幽门管）fundus of stomach（fornix of stomach）胃底（胃穹隆）body of stomach（胃体）pyloric valve（幽门瓣）gastric area（胃区）gastric pit（胃小凹）pyloric sphincter（幽门括约肌）(5)Small Intestine（小肠）duodenum（十二指肠）superior duodenal flexure（十二指肠上曲）duodenal bulb（十二指肠球）inferior duodenal flexure（十二指肠下曲）longitudinal fold of duodenum（十二指肠纵襞）major duodenal papilla（十二指肠大乳头）minor duodenal papilla（十二指肠小乳头）duodenojejunal flexure（十二指肠空肠曲）supensory muscle of duodenum（十二指肠悬肌）ligament of Treitz（Treitz韧带）jejunum（空肠）ilium（回肠）intestinal villi（肠绒毛）solitary lymphatic follicles（孤立淋巴滤泡）aggregated lymphatic follicles（集合淋巴滤泡）(6)Large Intestine（大肠）colic band（结肠带）haustra of colon（结肠袋）epiploicae appendices（肠脂垂）semilunar folds of colon（结肠半月瓣）caecum（盲肠）iliocecal orifice（回盲口）iliocecal valve（回盲瓣）vermiform appendix（阑尾）colon（结肠）ascending colon（升结肠）transverse colon（横结肠）descending colon（降结肠）sigmoid colon（乙状结肠）rectum（直肠）ampulla of rectum（直肠壶腹）transverse folds（直肠横襞）anal cnal（肛管）anal column（肛柱）anal valve（肛瓣）anal sinuses（肛窦）dental line（齿状线）anal pecten（肛梳）white line（白线）anus（肛门）sphincter ani（肛门括约肌）sphincter ani internus（肛门内括约肌）sphincter ani externus（肛门外括约肌）(7)Liver（肝）right lobe（右叶）left lobe（左叶）bare area（裸区）sulcus for vena cava（腔静脉沟）falciform ligament（镰状韧带）coronary ligament（冠状韧带）triangular ligament（三角韧带）porta hapatis（肝门）hepatic pedicle（肝蒂）ligamentum teres hepatis（肝圆韧带）fossa for gallbladder（胆囊窝）quadrate lobe（方叶）caudate lobe（尾状叶）ligamentum venosum（静脉韧带）gallbladder（胆囊）billiary ducts（胆道）right hepatic duct（右肝管）left hepatic duct（左肝管）common hepatic duct（肝总管）common bile duct（胆总管）hepatopancreatic (Vater’s) ampulla（肝胰壶腹）sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla（肝胰壶腹括约肌）triangle of Calot（胆囊三角）(8)Pancreas（胰）uncinate process（钩突）pancreatic duct（胰管）accessory pancreatic duct（副胰管）2.Respiratory System（呼吸系统）respiratory tract（呼吸道）respiratory organ（呼吸器官）(1)Nose（鼻）nasal cavity（鼻腔）nasal septum（鼻中隔）nares(nostrils)（鼻孔）choanae(posterior nasal aperture)（鼻后孔）nasal vestibule（鼻前庭）nasal limen（鼻阈）proper nasal cavity（固有鼻腔）supreme concha and supreme meatus（最上鼻甲、最上鼻道）olfactory region（嗅区）Little’s area（易出血区）respiratory region（呼吸区）sphenoethmoidal recess（蝶筛隐窝）semilunar hiatus（半月裂孔）ethmoidal infundibulum（筛漏斗）ethmoidal bulb（筛泡）nasal gland（鼻腺）(2)Paranasal Sinus（鼻旁窦）(3)Larynx（喉）thyroid cartilage（甲状软骨）left lamina（左板）right lamina（右板）laryngeal prominance（喉结）superior thyroid notch（上切迹）superior cornu（上角）inferior cornu（下角）cricoid cartilage（环状软骨）lamina of cricoid cartilage（环状软骨板）arch of cricoid cartilage（环状软骨弓）arytenoid cartilage（勺状软骨）vocal process（声带突）muscular process（肌突）epiglottic cartilage（会厌软骨）epiglottis（会厌）thyroepiglottic lig.（甲状会厌韧带）thyrohyoid membrane（甲状舌骨膜）median thyrohyoid lig.（甲状舌骨正中韧带）lateral thyrohyoid lig.（甲状舌骨外侧韧带）triticeal cartilage（麦粒软骨）cricothyroid joint（环甲关节）cricoarytenoid joint（环勺关节）quadrangular membrane（方形膜）vestibular lig.（前庭韧带）conus elasticus（弹性圆锥）vocal ligament（声韧带）vocalis（声带肌）vocal fold（声带）median cricothyroid lig.（环甲正中韧带）cricotracheal lig.（环气管韧带）cricothyroid（环甲肌）posterior cricoarytenoid（环勺后肌）lateral cricoarytenoid（环勺侧肌）thyroarytenoid（甲勺肌）transverse arytenoid（勺横肌）oblique arytenoid（勺斜肌）aryepiglottic muscle（勺会厌肌）laryngeal cavity（喉腔）aperture of larynx（喉口）vestibular fold（前庭襞）vocal fold（声襞）rima vestibuli（前庭裂）fissure of glottis (rima glottis)（声门裂）laryngeal vestibule（喉前庭）tubercle of epiglottis（会厌结节）intermedial cavity（喉中间腔）ventricle of larynx（喉室）infraglottis cavity（声门下腔）(4)Trachea and Bronchi（气管和支气管）birfurcation of trachea(气管杈）carina of trachea（气管隆嵴）membranous wall（气管膜壁）tracheal muscle（气管肌）right principal bronchus（右主支气管）left principal bronchus（左主支气管）(5)Lung（肺）apex of lung（肺尖）base of lung（肺底）hilum of lung（肺门）root of lung（肺根）cardiac notch of left lung（左肺心切迹）lingula of left lung（左肺小舌）oblique fissure（斜裂）horizontal fissure of right lung（右肺水平裂）pulmonary segment（肺段）lobar bronchi（肺叶支气管）segmental bronchi（肺段支气管）(6)Pleura（胸膜）parietal pleura（壁胸膜）cupula of pleura（胸膜顶）costal pleura（肋胸膜）diaphramatic pleura（膈胸膜）mediastinal pleura（纵隔胸膜）vesceral pleura（脏胸膜）pulmonary ligament（肺韧带）pleural cavity（胸膜腔）costodiaphragmatic recess（肋膈隐窝）costsmediastinal recess（肋纵隔隐窝）phrennicomediastinal recess（膈纵隔隐窝）(7)Mediastinum（纵隔）superior mediastinum（上纵隔）inferior mediastinum（下纵隔）anterior mediastinum（前纵隔）middle mediastinum（中纵隔）posterior mediastinum（后纵隔）3.Urinary System（泌尿系统）kidney（肾）renal hilum（肾门）renal pedicle（肾蒂）renal cortex（肾皮质）renal corpuscle（肾小体）tubulus（肾小管）renal medulla（肾髓质）renal column（肾柱）renal pyramid（肾锥体）renal papillae（肾乳头）renal sinus（肾窦）minor renal calices（肾小盏）major renal calices（肾大盏）renal pelvis（肾盂）fibrous capsule（纤维囊）adipose capsule（脂肪囊）renal fascia（肾筋膜）renal segment（肾段）ureter（输尿管）urinary bladder（膀胱）fundus of bladder（膀胱底）body of bladder（膀胱体）apex of bladder（膀胱尖）neck of bladder（膀胱颈）trigone of bladder（膀胱三角）vesical plica（膀胱襞）ureteric orifice（输尿管口）internal urethral orifice（尿道内口）vesical uvula（膀胱垂）interureteric fold（输尿管间襞）urethra（尿道）external urethral orifice（尿道外口）paraurethra glands（尿道旁腺）4.Male Genital System（男性生殖系统）testis（睾丸）tunica albuginea（白膜）mediastinum of testis（睾丸纵隔）septula of testis 睾丸小隔）lobule of testis（睾丸小叶）convoluted seminiferous tubule（精曲小管）stright seminiferous tubule（精直小管）rete testis（睾丸网）efferent ductule of testis（睾丸输出小管）。
常用解剖学英文词汇
常用解剖学英语词汇1绪论、骨及骨连结总论、躯干骨[]骨['mæ] 骨髓['ɔəm] 骨膜[kəm'pæ]骨密质['ʌʒɪ] 骨松质长骨椎骨['vəəl] ['ən] 椎孔['æəs] 寰椎['səəl] 颈椎['æ] 枢椎['lʌə] 腰椎[θɔ:'ræ] 胸椎['kɔ] 尾骨['əəm] 胸骨['əm] 骶骨[] 肋[ɑ'ʃən] 关节2躯干骨连结、上肢骨及其连结['kɑləm] 脊柱[kə'næl] 椎管胸廓['əmə] 韧带['æ] 锁骨['æə] 肩胛骨['ərəs] 肱骨['ʌə] 尺骨['əs] 桡骨['kɑəl] 腕骨[ə'kɑ] 掌骨['fælæʒ] 指骨肩关节肘关节腕关节3下肢骨及其连结[]髋骨['əm] 髂骨['əm] 坐骨['] 耻骨['ə] 股骨['ə] 胫骨['ə]腓骨['tɑ] 跗骨[ɑʃ] 足弓髋关节膝关节踝关节4颅骨及其连结[ʌl] 颅['ʌ] 额骨[pə'] 顶骨['ɔ] 蝶骨['ərəl] 颞骨[eθ'mɔ] 筛骨[mæk'ə] 上颌骨['mæ] 下颌骨['ɔ] 眶['əs] 额窦['ɔ] 蝶窦[mæk'ə] 上颌窦[ɔə'] 囟['ʃə] 缝['pɔfə] ：['fɔsə] 垂体窝['ən] ['mæəm] [ɔk'] 枕骨大孔5肌总论、头颈肌躯干肌['mʌ] 肌肉['ən] 腱[ə'əs] 斜方肌['ərə] 胸大肌['əəə'mæɔ] 胸锁乳突肌['əæm] 膈['iŋəl] ：['əmə] 腹股沟韧带：[əb'] ['tə] [æb'dɔəl]腹外斜肌['ə] 白线6上、下肢肌['] [']肱二头肌['] 肱三头肌['ə] ：[tə'ə] 旋前圆肌['ɔ]三角肌[:':əs] ：['mæəs] 臀大肌['ɔ] ['ə] 股四头肌[pə'ə] 髌韧带7内脏学总论消化系统（一）：口腔—食管['dʒ] 消化系统['kæ] 口腔牙舌['sæə][æ] 唾液腺['fæŋ]咽[i:'sɔfəgəs] 食管8消化系统（二）：胃—消化腺胃[:ə'əm] 十二指肠['] 小肠[dʒi'dʒəm] 空肠['əm] 回肠大肠['əm] 盲肠['vəɔ] [ə'] 阑尾['ɔ] ['kəən]乙状结肠结肠['əm]直肠肝['pæ]肝管['gɔædə] 胆囊[] 胆总管胆汁['pæŋəs] 胰。
解剖基础英文单词
解剖学英文单词locomotor system 运动系统osteology 骨学bone 骨cartilage 软骨bone marrow骨髓vertebra 椎骨cervical vertebrae颈椎thoracic vertebrae 胸椎lumbar vertebrae腰椎sacrum骶骨coccyx 尾骨rib 肋costal bone 肋骨sternum 胸骨sternal angle 胸骨角cranium, skull 颅orbit 眶paranasal sinus 鼻旁窦frontal sinus 额窦maxillary sinus 上颌窦pterion 翼点clavicle 锁骨humerus 肱骨scapula肩胛骨radius 桡骨ulna 尺骨carpal bones 腕骨hip bone 髋骨ilium 髂骨pubis 耻骨femur 股骨tibia 胫骨fibula 腓骨tarsal bones 跗骨arthrology 关节学fibrous joint 纤维连结cartilaginous joint 软骨连结joint, articulation 关节vertebral column 脊柱intervertebral disc 椎间盘thoracic cage 胸廓temporomandibular joint颞下颌关节shoulder joint 肩关节elbow joint 肘关节radiocarpal joint/wrist joint桡腕关节pelvis 骨盆hip joint 髋关节knee joint 膝关节ankle joint 踝关节mycology 肌学muscle 肌肉tendon 肌腱trapezius m. 斜方肌latissimus dorsi m. 背阔肌erector spinae m. 竖脊肌sternocleidomastoid m.胸锁乳突肌pectoralis major m. 胸大肌diaphragm 膈deltoid m. 三角肌biceps brachii m. 肱二头肌tricepsbrachii m. 肱三头肌quadriceps femoris m. 股四头肌triceps surae m. 小腿三头肌splanchnology 内脏学alimentary system 消化系统tongue 舌cheek 颊tooth 牙tonsil 扁桃体sublingual gland 舌下腺parotid gland 腮腺pharynx 咽esophagus 食管stomach, gaster 胃small intestine 小肠duodenum 十二指肠jejunum 空肠ileum 回肠vermiform appendix 阑尾rectum 直肠anal canal 肛管liver, hepar 肝gall bladder 胆囊pancreas 胰respiratory system 呼吸系统nose 鼻nasal cavity 鼻腔larynx 喉trachea 气管bronchus 支气管lung 肺pleura 胸膜pleural cavity 胸膜腔mediastinum 纵隔urinary system 泌尿系统kidney 肾ureter 输尿管urinary bladder 膀胱urethra 尿道reproductive system生殖系统testis 睾丸epididymis 附睾ductus deferens 输精管penis 阴茎prostate/prostate gland前列腺ovary 卵巢uterine tube 输卵管uterus 子宫vagina 阴道peritoneum 腹膜cardiovascular system 心血管系统heart 心cardiac atrium 心房cardiac ventricle 心室tricuspid valve 三尖瓣mitral valve 二尖瓣sinuatrial node 窦房结pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干arterial ligament 动脉韧带facial a. 面动脉subclavian a. 锁骨下动脉axillary a. 腋动脉brachial a. 肱动脉ulnar a. 尺动脉radial a. 桡动脉femoral a. 股动脉dorsal artery of foot 足背动脉cephalic v. 头静脉thoracic duct 胸导管spleen 脾thymus 胸腺sensory organs 感觉器cornea 角膜sclera 巩膜iris 虹膜ciliary body 睫状体choroid 脉络膜retina 视网膜pupil 瞳孔optic disc 视神经盘macula lutea 黄斑aqueous humor 房水lens 晶状体ear 耳tympanic membrane 鼓膜peripheral nervous system周围神经系统spinal nerve 脊神经cervical plexus 颈丛brachial plexus 臂丛median n. 正中神经musculocutaneous n. 肌皮神经sciatic n. 坐骨神经tibial n. 胫神经common peroneal n. 腓总神经cranial n. 脑神经olfactory n. 嗅神经optic n. 视神经oculomotor n. 动眼神经trochlear n. 滑车神经trigeminal n. 三叉神经abducent n. 展神经facial n. 面神经vestibulocochlear n. 前庭蜗神经glossopharyngeal n. 舌咽神经vagus n. 迷走神经accessory n. 副神经hypoglossal n. 舌下神经autonomic nervous system自主神经系统sympathetic nerve交感神经parasympathetic nerve副交感神经central nervous system中枢神经系统spinal cord脊髓gray matter灰质cortex 皮质nucleus 神经核white matter 白质medulla 髓质ganglion 神经节brain, encephalon 脑brain stem脑干medulla oblongata延髓pyramid锥体锥体交叉optic chiasma 视交叉internal capsule 内囊cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液thyroid gland 甲状腺hypophysis垂体。
英语课程中的人体解剖学词汇
英语课程中的人体解剖学词汇人体解剖学是了解人体结构和器官功能的学科，它在医学、生物学和健康科学领域中扮演着重要的角色。
在学习英语课程时，掌握一些与人体解剖学相关的词汇可以帮助我们更好地理解和表达相关的概念。
本文将介绍一些常用的人体解剖学词汇。
一、身体部位1. Head（头部）- 包括脑、额头、眼睛、耳朵、鼻子和嘴等。
2. Neck（颈部）- 位于头部和上胸部之间的部位。
3. Shoulder（肩膀）- 连接脖子和胳膊的部位。
4. Chest（胸部）- 身体前部，包括肺部和心脏。
5. Arm（手臂）- 分为上臂（upper arm）和下臂（forearm）。
6. Elbow（肘部）- 转接上臂和下臂的关节。
7. Wrist（手腕）- 连接手和前臂的部位。
8. Hand（手）- 包括手掌、手指和指甲等。
9. Abdomen（腹部）- 肚脐以上到胸骨之间的部位。
10. Back（背部）- 身体后部，包括脊椎和肩胛骨。
11. Hip（臀部）- 连接躯干和下肢的部位。
12. Leg（腿）- 包括大腿、小腿和脚等。
13. Knee（膝盖）- 连接大腿和小腿的关节。
14. Ankle（脚踝）- 连接小腿和脚的关节。
15. Foot（脚）- 包括脚背、脚底和脚趾等。
二、器官和系统1. Brain（脑）- 控制身体的各种功能，如思考和感觉等。
2. Heart（心脏）- 泵血到全身以维持循环系统。
3. Lungs（肺）- 用于呼吸，氧气进入血液，二氧化碳排出体外。
4. Stomach（胃）- 在消化过程中扮演重要角色。
5. Liver（肝脏）- 分解和代谢毒素，也参与消化过程。
6. Kidneys（肾脏）- 过滤血液，排除废物和调节体液平衡。
7. Intestines（肠道）- 包括小肠和大肠，用于消化和吸收营养物质。
8. Bladder（膀胱）- 储存尿液。
9. Skeleton（骨骼）- 人体的支撑结构，保护内脏器官。
常用英语解剖单词
❖ Heart 心脏 ❖ Pericardium [perɪ‘kɑ:dɪəm] 心包 ❖ Blood vessel [‘vesl ] 血管 ❖ Artery [‘ɑ:təri] 动脉 ❖ Vein [veɪn]静脉 ❖ Mediastinum [‘mi:dɪæs’taɪnəm]纵隔
❖ aorta [eɪ‘ɔ:tə] 主动脉 ❖ ascending [ə'sendɪŋ] aorta 升主动脉 ❖ descending [dɪ‘sendɪŋ] aorta 降主动脉 ❖ aortic arch [ɑ:tʃ] 主动脉弓 ❖ thoracic [θɔ(:) ‘ræsik] aorta胸主动脉 ❖ abdominal [æb‘dɒmɪnl] aorta 腹主动脉
orbit
[‘ɔːbɪt] 眶
paranasal sinus
[,pærə‘neizəl] [’saɪnəs] 鼻旁窦 frontal sinus [‘frʌnt(ə)l] [’saɪnəs] 额窦 maxillary sinus [mæk‘sɪlərɪ] 上颌窦 sphenoidal sinus [s’fiːnəʊɪdeɪl] 蝶窦 ethmoidal sinus [ eθ‘mɔidəl] 筛窦
radiocarpal joint/wrist joint [,reidiəu‘kɑ:pəl] 桡腕关节
pubic symphysis['pjuːbɪk] ['sɪmfɪsɪs] 耻骨联合
Pelvis ['pelvɪs] 骨盆 Obturator foramen[‘ɔbtjuəreitə fə‘reimen] 闭孔 Ischial tuberosity ['ɪskɪəl] [tju:bə'rɒsɪtɪ] 坐骨结节 groin [grɔɪn] inguen ['ɪngwən] Inguinal ['ɪŋgwɪnəl] Lymph nodes
医学英语——常用解剖术语
1、总论[Introduction] superior[上] inferior[下] Cranial[头侧] Caudal[尾侧] anterior[前] posterior[后] ventral[腹侧] dorsal[背侧] medial[内侧] lateral[外侧] internal[内] external[外] superficial[浅] profundal[深] proximal[近侧] distal[远侧] ulnar[尺侧] radial[桡侧] tibial[胫侧] fibular[腓侧] 2、运动系统[locomotor （kinetic） system] vertebrae[椎⾻] cervical vevtebrae[颈椎] thoracic vertebrae[胸椎] lumbar vertebrae[腰椎] sacrum[骶⾻] sternum[胸⾻] rib[肋⾻] thoracic cage[胸廓] skull[颅] frontal bone[额⾻] parietal bone[顶⾻] sphenoid bone[蝶⾻] ethmoid bone[筛⾻] mandible （submaxilla）[下颌⾻] maxilla （supermaxilla）[上颌⾻] nasal bone[⿐⾻] coronal （sagital， lambdoid） suture [冠状（⽮状，⼈字）缝] orbit[眶] clavicle[锁⾻] scapula （shoulder blade）[肩胛⾻] sternum （breast bone）[胸⾻] manubrium sterni （presternum）[胸⾻柄] midsternum[胸⾻体] xiphoid[剑突] humerus[肱⾻] radius[桡⾻] ulna[尺⾻] carpal bone[腕⾻] metacarpal bone [掌⾻] phalanges[指（趾）⾻] hip bone[髋⾻] ilium[髂⾻] ischium [坐⾻] pubis[耻⾻] femur [股⾻] patella[髌⾻] tibia[胫⾻] fibula [腓⾻] articulation[关节] ligament[韧带] flexion[屈] extension[伸] adduction[收] abduction[展] pronation[旋前] supination[旋后] circumductoin[环转] vertebral column[脊柱] intervertebral disc[椎间盘] temporal-mandibular joint[颞下颌关节] shoulder joint[肩关节] elbow joint[肘关节] radiocarpal joint[肩关节] radiocarpal joint[桡腕关节] pelvis[⾻盆] hip joint[髋关节] knee joint[膝关节] ankle joint[踝关节] muscle [肌⾁] tendon[肌腱] fascia[筋膜] tendinous sheath[腱鞘] trapezius[斜⽅肌] latissimus dorsi[背阔肌] sternocleidomastoid[胸锁乳突的] scalenus [斜⾓肌] pectoralis major[胸⼤肌] intercostales[肋间肌] diaphragm[膈肌] inguinal canal[腹股沟管] masseter[咬肌] temporalis[颞肌] deltoid[三⾓肌] biceps brachii[肱⼆头肌] triceps brachii[肱三头肌] axillary fossa [腑窝] gluteus maximus[臀⼤肌] quadriceps femoris[股四头肌] triceps surae[⼩腿三头肌] femoral triangle[股三⾓] 3、内脏[Viscera] viscera[内脏] oral cavity[⼝腔] lip[唇] cheek[颊] palate[腭] tooth[⽛] dentes[⽛] tongue[⾆] parotid gland[腮腺] pharynx[咽] esophagus[⾷管] stomach gaster[胃] duodenum[⼗⼆指肠] jejunum[空肠] ileum [回肠] large intestine[⼤肠] caecum[盲肠] vermiform （appendix）[阑尾] colon[结肠] rectum[直肠] anal canal[肛管] dentate line[齿状线] anus[肛门] liver （hepar）[肝] porta hepatis[肝门] gallblader[胆囊] pancreas[胰] nose[⿐] nasal cavity[⿐腔] laryngeal cavity[喉腔] vocal cord[声带] trachea[⽓管] bronchi[⽀⽓管] lung [肺] pulmonary[肺的] pleura[胸膜] mediastinum[纵隔] kidney[肾] renal pilvis[肾盂] ureter[输尿管] urinary bladder[膀胱] urethra[尿道] testis[睾丸] epididymis[附睾] ductus deferens[输精管] spermatic cord[精索] prostate[前列腺] scrotum[阴囊] penis[阴茎] ovary[卵巢] uterine tube[输卵管] uterus[⼦宫] vagina[阴道] clitoris[阴蒂] mamma （breast）[*] mammary papilla （nipple）[*] perineum[会阴] pelvic diaphragm[盆膈] peritoneum[腹膜] omentum[膜] 4、⼼⾎管系统[Cardiovascular system] heart[⼼] capillary[⽑细⾎管] atrium[⼼房] ventricle[⼼室] tricuspid valve[三尖瓣] bicuspid valve[⼆尖瓣] aortic valve[主动脉瓣] pulmonary valve[肺动脉瓣] sinuatrial node[窦房结] atrioventricular node[房室结] atrioventricular bundle[房室束] right/left bundle branch[右/左束⽀] coronary artery[冠状动脉] coronary sinus[冠状窦] pericardium[⼼包] aorta[主动脉] innominate artery[⽆名动脉（头臂⼲）] common carotid artery[颈总动脉] carotid sinus [颈动脉窦] internal（external） carotid artery[颈内（外）动脉] facial artery[⾯动脉] subclavian artery[锁⾻下动脉] mesenteric artery[肠系膜动脉] common iliac artery[髂总动脉] popliteal artery [腘动脉] vena cava [腔静脉] internal jugular vein[颈内静脉] cephalic vein[头静脉] basilic vein[贵要静脉] saphenous vein[隐静脉] lymphatic duct[淋巴导管] thoracic duct[胸导管] lymph node[淋巴结] spleen[脾] sensory organ[感觉器] receptor[感受器] visual organ[视器] eyeball [眼球] cornea[⾓膜] sclera[巩膜] choroid [脉络膜] ciliary body[睫状体] iris[虹膜] retina[视膜] optic disc[视神经盘] macula lutea[黄斑] aqueous humor[房⽔] lens[晶状体] vitreous body[玻璃体] eyelid [眼睑] conjunctiva[结膜] lacrimal gland[泪腺] vestibulocochlear organ[前庭蜗器] ear（ auris） [⽿] auricle[⽿廓] acoustic meatus[⽿道] tympanic cavity[⿎室] tympanic membrane[⿎膜] pharyngotympanic tube [咽⿎管] bony（membranous） labyrinth[⾻（膜）迷路] vestibule [前庭] semicircular canal[半规管] cochlea[⽿蜗] cochlear duct[蜗管] olfactory organ[嗅器] gustatory organ[味器] taste bud[味蕾] central nervous system[中枢神经系统] peripheral nervous system[周围神经系统] visceral nerve[内脏神经医学教.育搜集] afferent nerve[传⼊神经] efferent nerve[传出神经] neuron[神经元] axon [轴突] dendrite[树突] glia [神经胶质] gray matter [灰质] white matter[⽩质] cortex[⽪质] madulla[髓质] nucleus[神经质] ganglion[神经节] fasciculus[神经束] nerve[神经] spinal nerve[脊神经] cervical plexus[颈丛] brachial plexus[臂丛] lumbar plexus[腰丛] sacral plexus [骶丛] phrenic nerve[膈神经] median nerve[正中神经] ulnar nerve[尺神经] radial nerve[桡神经] femoral nerve[股神经] ischiatic nerve[坐⾻神经] common peroneal nerve[腓总神经] cranial nerve[颅（脑）神经] olfactory nerve[嗅神经] optic nerve[视神经] oculomotor nerve[动眼神经] abducent nerve[展神经] facial nerve[⾯神经] vestibulocochlear nerve[前庭蜗神经] glossopharyngeal nerve[⾆咽神经] vagus nerve[迷⾛神经] accessary nerve[副神经] hypoglossal nerve[⾆下神经] autonomic nervous system[⾃主神经] vegetative nervous system[植物神经] sympathetic nerve[交感神经] parasympathetic nerve[副交感神经] spinal cord[脊髓] encephalon （brain）[脑] brain stem[脑⼲] medulla oblongata[延髓] pons [脑桥] mesencephalon[中脑] midbrain[中脑] cerebellum[⼩脑] diencephalon[间脑] thalamus[丘脑] hypothalamus[下丘脑] hypophysis[垂体] telencephalon[端脑] cerebrum[⼤脑] cerebral cortex[⼤脑⽪质] corpus striatum[纹状体] internal capsule[内囊] spinothalamic tract[⽪质脊髓束] medial lemniscus[内侧丘系] lateral lemniscus[外侧丘系] spinal lemniscus[脊髓丘系] trigeminal lemniscus[三叉丘系] suprasternal fossa[胸⾻上窝] supraclavicular fossa[锁⾻上窝] infraclavicular fossa[锁⾻下窝] armpit （axillary fossa）[腋窝] midsternal （midian） line[胸⾻中线（正中线）] anterior midian line[前正中线] parasternal line[胸⾻旁线] midclavicular line[锁⾻中线] mammillary （nipple， milk） line[乳线] posterior （mid-， anterior） axillary line[腋后（中，前）线] scapular line[肩胛线] midspinal line[脊柱中线] dorsomedian line[后正中线] linea paravertebralis [脊椎旁线] the left （right） upper abdomen （quadrant）[左（右）上腹] epigastrium[上腹部] the middle abdomen[中腹部] the lower abdomen[下腹部] linea pararectalis[腹直肌旁线] anterior superior spine[髂前上棘] symphysis pubis （symphysion）[耻⾻联合] ischial tuberosity[坐⾻结节] groin （inguen）[腹股沟] popliteal fossa[腘窝] upper extremity（limb）[上肢] lower extremity（limb）[下肢] posterior superior spine[髂后上嵴] anterior （dorsal） part of chest（前（后）胸部） scapular region[肩胛区] anterior （posterior） fontanelle[前（后）囱]。
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11
Department of Radiation Oncology
common iliac ['ɪlɪæ k] artery 髂总动脉 internal iliac artery髂内动脉 external iliac artery髂外动脉 femoral [‘femərəl] artery 股动脉 popliteal [pɒp'lɪtɪəl] artery 腘动脉
aorta
9
Department of Radiation Oncology
[‘pʌlmənəri] artery 肺动脉 pulmonary vein 肺静脉 venae ['vi:ni:] cava [‘kɑ:və] superior 上腔静脉 venae cava inferior 下腔静脉 portal [‘pɔ:təl] vein 门静脉 celiac ['si:lɪæ k] trunk [trʌŋk]腹腔干
phrenic
18
Department of Radiation Oncology
[nəʊz] 鼻子 nasal cavity [‘neɪz(ə)l] [’kævəti] 鼻腔 pharynx[‘færɪŋks] 咽 Nasopharynx [,neɪzəʊ‘færɪŋks] 鼻咽 Oropharynx [,ɔro‘færɪŋks] 口咽 Laryngopharynx [lə,riŋɡəu‘færiŋks] 喉咽
1
Department of Radiation Oncology
sacrum [‘seɪkrəm] 骶骨 coccyx [’kɒksɪks] 尾骨 rib [rɪb] 肋 costal bone [‘kɔstəl] 肋骨 sternum [’stɜːnəm] 胸骨 sternal angle [‘stɜːn(ə)l] [’æŋg(ə)l]胸骨角 xiphoid process ['zɪfɔɪd] [prəʊses] 剑突 orbit [‘ɔːbɪt] 眶
3
Department of Radiation Oncology
clavicle [’klævɪk(ə)l] 锁骨 humerus [‘hjuːm(ə)rəs] 肱骨 scapula [’skæpjʊlə] 肩胛骨 radius [‘reɪdɪəs] 桡骨 ulna [’ʌlnə] 尺骨 carpal bones [‘kɑːp(ə)l] 腕骨 metacarpal bones [,metə'kɑːp(ə)l] 掌骨
Lobe
14
Department of Radiation Oncology
Nerve
[ɒl‘fæktəri] nerve嗅神经 optical [‘ɒptɪkl] nerve视神经 optic chiasm [‘kaɪæzəm] 视交叉 Oculomotor [ɒkjʊlə‘məʊtə] nerve动眼神经 trochlear [‘trɔkliə] nerve 滑车神经
Nose
19
Department of Radiation Oncology
[‘lærɪŋks] 喉 Glottis [‘glɒtɪs] 声门 Hypopharynx [,haɪpə‘færɪŋks] 下咽部 Epiglottis [,epɪ‘glɒtɪs] 会厌 Thyroid [‘θaɪrɒɪd] 甲状腺
vagus
17
Department of Radiation Oncology
['frenɪk] nerve 膈神经 sciatic [saɪ'æ tɪk] nerve 坐骨神经 femoral ['femərəl] nerve 股神经 sympathetic ['sɪmpə'θetɪk] nerve交感神经 parasympathetic ['pærə'sɪmpə'θetɪk] nerve 副交感神经
Department of Radiation Oncology
Pelvis ['pelvɪs] 骨盆 Obturator foramen[‘ɔbtjuəreitə fə‘reimen] 闭孔 Ischial tuberosity ['ɪskɪəl] [tju:bə'rɒsɪtɪ] 坐骨结节 groin [grɔɪn] inguen ['ɪngwən] Inguinal ['ɪŋgwɪnəl] Lymph nodes
2
Department of Radiation Oncology
paranasal sinus [,pærə‘neizəl] [’saɪnəs] 鼻旁窦 frontal sinus [‘frʌnt(ə)l] [’saɪnəs] 额窦 maxillary sinus [mæk‘sɪlərɪ] 上颌窦 sphenoidal sinus [s’fiːnəʊɪdeɪl] 蝶窦 ethmoidal sinus [ eθ‘mɔidəl] 筛窦
pulmonary
22
5
Department of Radiation Oncology
joint, articulation [ɑː,tɪkjʊ‘leɪʃ(ə)n] 关节 vertebral column [’vɜːtɪbrəl] [‘kɒləm] 脊柱 intervertebral disc [,ɪntə’vɜːtɪbr(ə)l] 椎间盘 lumbar disc herniation ['lʌmbə] [,hɝnɪ'eʃən] thoracic cage [θɔː‘ræsɪk] 胸廓 temporomandibular joint [,tɛmpəromæn’dɪbjəlɚ] [dʒɒɪnt] 颞下颌关节 shoulder joint 肩关节 elbow joint 肘关节 radiocarpal joint/wrist joint [,reidiəu‘kɑ:pəl] 桡腕关节 pubic symphysis['pjuːbɪk] ['sɪmfɪsɪs] 耻骨联合
Olfactory
15
Department of Radiation Oncology
[traɪ‘feɪʃəl] nerve三叉神经 abducent [æb‘dju:sənt] nerve展神经 facial nerve 面神经 auditory [‘ɔːdɪt(ə)rɪ] nerve 听神经 Glossopharyngeal [,glɑsofə'rɪndʒɪəl] 舌咽神 经
Heart
8
Department of Radiation Oncology
[eɪ‘ɔ:tə] 主动脉 ascending [ə'sendɪŋ] aorta 升主动脉 descending [dɪ‘sendɪŋ] aorta 降主动脉 aortic arch [ɑ:tʃ] 主动脉弓 thoracic [θɔ(:) ‘ræsik] aorta胸主动脉 abdominal [æb‘dɒmɪnl] aorta 腹主动脉
Trachea
21
Department of Radiation Oncology
hilum ['haɪləm]肺门 Pleura ['plʊərə]胸膜 visceral [‘vɪsərəl] pleura 脏层胸膜 parietal [pə‘raɪɪt(ə)l] pleura 壁层胸膜 pleural cavity 胸膜腔
Larynx
20
Department of Radiation Oncology
[trə‘kiːə] 气管 Bronchus [‘brɒŋkəs] 支气管 trachea carina [kə 'riː nə]气管隆突 Lung [lʌŋ] 肺 apex ['eɪpeks] pulmonis ['pʌlmənɪs] 肺尖
12
Department of Radiation Oncology
脑 CerebΒιβλιοθήκη um [sə ‘ ri:brəm]大脑 Cerebellum [serə‘beləm] 小脑 Brain stem [stem]脑干 Thalamus ['θæləməs]丘脑 spinal cord 脊髓
4
Department of Radiation Oncology
phalanges [fæ‘lændʒiːz] 指骨/趾骨 hip bone 髋骨 ilium [’ɪlɪəm] 髂骨 ischium [‘ɪskɪəm] 坐骨 pubis [’pjuːbɪs] 耻骨 acetabulum [,æ sɪ‘tæbjʊləm] 髋臼 femur [’fiːmə] 股骨 patella [pə‘telə] 髌骨 tibia [’tɪbɪə] 胫骨 fibula [‘fɪbjʊlə] 腓骨 Talus ['teɪləs] 距骨
Brain
13
Department of Radiation Oncology
[ləʊb]叶 frontal [‘frʌntl] lobe 额叶 parietal [pə‘raɪətl] lobe 顶叶 temporal [‘tempərəl] lobe 颞叶 occipital [ɒk‘sɪpɪtl] lobe 枕叶
pulmonary
10
Department of Radiation Oncology
carotid [kə‘rɒtɪd] artery颈总动脉 internal carotid artery 颈内动脉 external carotid artery 颈外动脉 Subclavian [‘sʌb’kleɪvɪən] artery锁骨下动脉 facial artery 面动脉