英语国家概况

英语国家概况》期末复习题（含答案）（第I卷客观题共45分）1. 选择题（共30 分; 每题1 分）U.K.1. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on ___ . DA. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude2. The policies of the Conservative Party in Great Britain are characterized by pragmatism and . DA. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism3. Oxford University is the oldest university in the English-speaking world.4. Cabinet members are chosen by ___ in Britain. BA. the monarchB. the Prime MinisterC. the ArchbishopD. the Lord Chancellor5. English belongs to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of languages.6. The Severn River is the longest river in Britain.7. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except ___ . AA. Trooping the ColorB. Queen 's Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime8. Among Britain q'uaslity press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “ BigThree with theexception of The Observer.9. In 2012, Britain had a population of about 63 million.10. The two main islands of the British Isles are Great Britain and Ireland.11. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher once said that, “ Britain and tht e dUSntiates willstand side by side ”.12. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it ___ . AA. set up the National Health ServicesB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development13. Margaret Thatcher go'v s ernment introduced the biggest changes in British economic policy sinceWorld War II.14. Charles Dickens is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19 th century.15. The three principle features of the climate of Britain are the following EXCEPT ___ . CA. the frequent fog in winterB. the large number of rainy daysC. extreme coldness even in summerD. changeability all the year round16. Samuel Johnson 'dsictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of spelling in English.17. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of Latin and Greek words to English.18. __ was not among the four self-governing dominions in the British Empire. CA. AustraliaB. CanadaC. IndiaD. the Union of South Africa19. Of the following sectors in Britain, service industry has experienced spectacular growthsi nee the end of World War II.20. Cambridge has more Nobel Prize winners than any other institution in Britain.21. Writers of ___ literature are more concerned with imagination and feeling than with reasonand intellect. CA. Ren aissa neeB. Neo-ClassicalC. Roma nticD. Victoria n22. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of ___ . CA. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lan caster23. Tourists from all over the world come to enjoy the beauty of Scottish seenery, to drink Scotch whiskyand to see Scotsme n weari ng kilts.24. The ___ marked the establishment of feudalism in England. CA. Viking in vasi onB. sig ning of the Magna CartaC. Norma n Conq uestD. adopti on of com mon law25. Common wealth Day is an ann ual event celebrated on the second Monday in March each year.26. Such big cities as Glasgow, Manchester, Sheffield and Newcastle are famous for the ___ .DA. oil in dustryB. car in dustryC. shipp ing compa niesD. coalfields27. During the 15 th and 16th centuries an intellectual movement known as ____ swept Europe.___ was the greatest playwright of the world produced in this period in En gla nd. DA. Roma nee, Geoffrey ChaucerB. Christia ni ty, George Bernard ShawC. Italia n literary in flue nee, SonnetD. Ren aissa nee, Shakespeare28. Aestheticism is the belief that artists have no obligati on other tha n to strive for beauty--- “ a rfor art ' s sake ” . The most important representative of Aestheticism is ______ . BA. Thomas HardyB. Oscar WildeC. Virgi nia WoolfD. William Butler Yeats29. The direct cause for the Religious Reformati on was Ki ng Henry VIII 'ffort to divorce his wife.30. ___ is viewed as Romantic poetry ' s “ Declaration of Independence ” .A. "I Won dered Lon ely as a Cloud ”B. Don Jua nC. “ Preface to Lyrical Ballads ”D. Prometheus UnboundU.S.31. The U.S. lies in central North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, theAtlantic to its east and the Pacific to its west.32. “ No taxation without representation Was the rallying slogan before the War ofIndependence.33. The Constitution of the United States tries to give each branch enough power to balance theothers.34. The following except the right to get into people ' s house a by gue dre e teed in the Billof Rights.35. Of the following persons, the ___ can NOT make legislative proposal in the U.S. AA. Secretary of StateB. Preside ntC. Represe ntativeD. Sen ator36. Of the following subjects, politics and business education are NOT offered to elementary schoolstude nts in the U.S.37. Abraham Lincoln issued Emancipation Proclamation to grant freedom to all the slaves in the U.S.38. The terms for a Senator and a Representative in the U.S. are six and two years respectively.39. The Natio nal Day of the Uni ted States falls on July 4h.40. Washington Irving is regarded as “ the father of American literature ”.41. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of Harvard University.42. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in Lexington43. The symbol of the Democratic Party is a/an donkey, and a/an elephant represents theRepublica n Party.44. The eastern part of the United States consists of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Rangeand the western part consists of high plateaus and the Rocky Mountains.45. Alaska is the largest state in the whole United States and Texas is the largest state in the part of theU.S. that is on the mainland.46. In the United States, the Bill of Rights guarantees citizens of the United States specific individualrights and freedoms47. The modern American economy progressed from ____ t o ___ , and eventually, to _____ . BA. colonial economy, han dcraft economy, in dustrial economyB. colonial economy, farming economy, in dustrial economyC. farming economy, han dcraft economy, in dustrial economyD. han dcraft economy, farming economy, in dustrial economy48. The Supreme Court in the United States is composed of nine justices.49. The characteristic of dominant American culture is ____ . BA. En glish-speak ing, n orther n Europea n, Protesta nt and upper-classB. En glish-speak ing, wester n Europea n, Protesta nt and middle-classC. En glish-speak ing, n orther n Europea n, Roma n Catholic and middle-classD. En glish-speak ing, wester n Europea n, Roma n Catholic and upper-class50. The following inventions took place during the “ secondindustrial revolution except refrigerator.51. Of the following, ___ is NOT a characteristic of Mark Twain C ' s works.A. a realistic viewB. a sense of humorC. an idealistic viewD. colloquial speech52. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at Jamestown in Virginia.53. America produces a major portion of the world ' s products in the followjntg oi teJds exce54. F. Scott Fitzgerald ' s finest novel is ___ , and its theme is about D ___ .A. Tales of the Jazz Age the loss of on eselfB. Tenderis the Night, loveC. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human natureD. The Great Gatsby, the American Dream55. Of the following books, ___ is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway. CA. A Farewell to ArmsB. For Whom the Bell TollsC. The Sou nd and the FuryD. The Sun Also Rises56. The policy of the United States was ___ at the beginning of the two world wars. CA. appeaseme ntB. full in volveme ntC. n eutralityD. partial in volveme nt57. The first people on the American continent came from ____ as early as ____ thousand yearsago. C A. Asia, 2B. Europe, 2C. Asia, 20D. Europe, 2058. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of ___ . AA. Alexa nder Hamilt onB. An drew Jacks onC. George Wash ingtonD. Thomas Jeffers on59. Of the following universities, Massachusetts Institute of Technology has NOT cultivated any America n Preside nts yet.60. Of the following writers, ____ is NOT a Nobel Prize winner. A A. Alice Walker B. Ernest Hemi ngway C. Eugene O ' NeilD. William Faulkner61. The followi ng except __ are all powers of the U.S. Preside nt. BA. appo inting federal judges whe n vaca ncies occurB. making lawsC. issu ing executive ordersD. veto ing any bills passed by Con gress62. Since 1959, the United States has been a country of 50 states.63. Chicago is the third largest city in the United States. It serves as the main connection betwee n theeaster n coast cities and the West.64. The distribution of the population in the U.S. is rather uneven. The most densely populatedregi on is the ___ part of the coun try. A69. The first time that Australia developed a foreign policy independent of Britain was ___ . D A. after the establishme nt of the Com mon wealth of Australia B. after World War IIC. during the Great Depression of the 1930sD. during the Pacific War in World War II70. Australia ' s economy depends largely on ______ . C A. agriculture B. manu facturi ng C. foreig n tradeD. tourismA. n ortheaster nC. southwestern 65.Preside nt Roosevelt, in his attempt in troduced his famous __ . B A. n eutrality policy C. new mon etarist policies Australia66. As an ideal place for investments, Australiathe United States67. January 2岀，1788 68. is the date celebrated as Australia is/are main ly resp on sible for educati on inAustralia. B. southeaster n D. n orthwester nto tackle the economic depression in the 1930s,B. new dealD. “ Great Society ” policy's foreign capital main Japa ne a fbmDay.BA. Federal gover nment C. Territory assembliesB. State gover nmentsD. Muni cipal gover nment71. The Howard government ' foreign policy was based on relations with four key countries, n amely_________ in Australia. BA. the U.S., Japan, Britain, China C. the U.S., Japa n, Brita in, Indon esiaB. the U.S., Japa n, China, Indon esiaD. the U.S., Brita in, China, Indon esia72. Australian system of teaching and school discipline put emphasis on the following except . CA. lear ning by discovery and questi oningB. self-discipli neC. outward discipli neD. encouraging student ' s interest in learning73. Canberra is Australia ' s capital.74. In 2013, the population of Australia was about ___ million. AA. 22.9B. 33.9C. 40.9D. 5075. ___ i s renowned for its unique plant and animal species. It is estimated that there arearou nd 20,000 to 25,000 differe nt pla nts native to the land. AA. AustraliaB. Can adaC. The Uni ted Kin gdomD. The Uni ted States76. Most anthropologists believe that the Aborigines in Australia migrated from ________ at least50,000 years ago. CA. east AsiaB. south AsiaC. southeast AsiaD. North Asia77. The Common wealth of Australia was established in __ . DA.1847B.1885C.1900D.190178. Australia is a leading supplier of ___ to international markets. DA. agricultural productsB. hi-techproductsC. in dustrial productsD. min eral resourcesCanada79. The Governor General holds the highest positi on in the Can adia n parliame ntary system.80. The ___ is the largest political party in Canada. AA. Liberal PartyB. Con servative PartyC. Can adia n Labor Con gressD. New Democratic PartyCanada is the second largest country in the world.81. Toronto is the largest city in Canada and Ottawa is the capital city.82. ___ r ecognized Quebec as a “ distinct soAiety ” .A. The Meech Lake AccordB. The Quebec ActC. The Con stituti onal ActD. The British North America Act83. The in flue nee of ___ has decli ned graduall y in Parliame nt in today ' s Dan ada.A. the Con servative PartyB. the Can adia n Labor Con gressC. the Cooperative Common wealth Federati onD. the New Democratic Party84. Kim Campbell was Canada ' s first woman Prime Minister.85. In Canada, the largest religious denomination is the Roman Catholic Church86. If applicants meet the basic requirements for an immigrant to Canada, they need to do thefollowi ng except ___ . A A. appl ying for citize nship B. tak ing a medical exam C. pay ing an applicati on feeD. pay ing a landing fee87. The Great Lakes on the border between Canada and the U.S. are the largest group of freshwater lakes in theworld.88. The n ame “ Can ada ” is said to have derived from the Huron word “ Kan ata ” ,meaningC A.ocean C. villageD. ice89. In 1497, the voyage led by an Italian captain discovered the eastern shores of Canada, which was claimed asNewfoundland .90. In the early_____ , both Britain and France founded permanent settlements in Canada. CA.1400s C.1600s91. After the famous Seven Yearsun dercon trol. BA. Brita in, FrenchC. Spain, In dia n B. 1500sD.1700s' War,lost all of its coloni es, and the whole Can ada cameB. Fran ce, BritishD. In dia, Spanish92. With the passage of the Statute of Westminster in 1931, Canada was recognized as an equal III.判断题（共10分；每题1分） U.K. 1. The British history before 55 BC is basically un docume nted. T2. The majority of the people in Britai n are desce ndants of the An glo-Sax ons. T3. London is one of the three prin cipal finan cial cen ters of the world. T4. People in differe nt parts of Brita in like to use the n ame En gla nd to refer to their coun try. F5.The Celtic people are the earliest known in habita nts of Brita in. TB. north part ner of Brita in. II.读图题（共5分；每题1分）6. In an effort to make a compromise betwee n differe nt religious facti ons, Quee n Elizabeth I actually defe ndedthe fruit of the Religious Reformatio n. T7. The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. T8. The British mon archy has n ever bee n in terrupted throughout the history. F9. In reality, the British King or Quee n is the source of all gover nment powers. F10. Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid econo micdevelopme nt in Brita in. F11. Hamlet depicts the hero ' s struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need to avenge his father 's miTder.12. The British economy experieneed a relative decline during the postwar period. T13. Alexander Pope was a great English poet who al so translated Homer Iliad. s T14. Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy. T15. William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height in Britishliterature. FU.S.16. Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November. F17. San Fran cisco is the sec ond largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disn eyla nd arelocated there. F18. Walt Whitman introduced great innovations to American literature, and he devised a poetic style, free verse. T19. The United States is the fifth most populous nation in the world, ranking behind China, India, Brazil and SouthAfrica. F20. During Clinton 'tesm, the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower rate of un employme nt. T21. Accord ing to the America n adm ini strati on, Saddam Husse in and Osama bin Lade n were resp on sible for theterrorist event on September 11,2001. F22. The world economy has little to do with the growth and decline of the American foreign trade. F23. In the United States, certain presidential appointments must be approved by Congress. T24. New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States, and it is also one ofthe three prin cipal econo mic cen ters in the world. T25. The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single,in divisible n atio n. T26. The U.S. congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses: the House ofCommons and the House of Lords. F27. The easter n highla nds formed by the Appalachia ns hold one third of the U.S. continen tal territory. F28. Preside nt Roosevelt ' s NevhDlt^ttle effect in deali ng with the econo mic crisis in the early 1930s. F29. Jonathan Edwards and Benjamin Franklin are two sources of American literary spirit. T30. The Democratic Party of the U.S. is conservative in terms of its ideology. F Australia31. The Australian Constitution can be changed either by government' s will or by referendum.F32. Australia Day is on January 26th . T33. Si nee Australia has a vast cultivable area, it has become the world ' leadi ng exporter of agricultural products. F 34. In World War I, all members of the Australian armed forces who served overseas werevolun teers. T35. For Australia n citize ns over the age of 16, it is compulsory to vote at elect ion time. F Canada36. Canada is the third largest country in the world in terms of territory. F 37. Multilingualism and multiculturalism are characteristics of Canadian culture. T38. Laval University is the largest institution in Canada, while University of Toronto is the oldestone. F39. Quebec separated from Canada and established a French-speaking nation in the 1960s. F 40. The Canadian government is responsible to the King or Queen of Britain. FGroup Three:British Literary PeriodsD. The Middle En glish PeriodF. The Neo-Classical Period (1. D 2. C 3. F 4. E 5. B 6. A )A. The Moder n PeriodB. The Victoria n PeriodC. The Ren aissa neeE. The Romantic PeriodII.配对题（共20分；每题2分）试卷上会出2组，每组5题。