英语国家概况总结资料全
英语国家概况总结资料全
Unit1A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom 1.The flag of Britain : Union Jack〔英国国旗中没有显示出Welsh旗〕2.The basic information of each country:Count ry Capital AreaMemoEngla nd London最大1.最不会把自己的“英格兰文化区别于其他文化〞3.The time joining the British parliament: However, in 1707 by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments, Scotland joined the Union.4.Difference between the British Isles ,UK, Great Britain , and England:●British Isles:the island of Great Britainthe island of Irelandsurrounding isles●UK=Great Britain + Northern Ireland●Great Britain =England +Scotland + Wales5.The four major invasions in the history of Great Britain :At first, England was occupied by Celtic people. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire.Result: England and Wales became a part of the Roman Empire for nearly 400 years.the Angle-Saxon invaded.Result: The land they lived became" Angle-land",later changed into England, the language they spoken became English.PS：One of the best-known English legends derivesfrom this time. In 5 century AD, King Author(亚瑟王) united the British, and with his magical sword, Excalibur〔被称为“王者之剑〞的圣剑〕, drove the Saxons back.关于亚瑟王的一些名词：Excalibur:被称为“王者之剑〞的圣剑;亚瑟王之魔剑Castle at Tintagel(廷塔杰尔) in Cornwall: Tintagel传说为亚瑟王的诞生地，这是一个与亚瑟王传奇有关的地方。
(完整word版)英语国家概况 谢福之 复习资料(word文档良心出品)
The United Kingdom of Great Britain andNorthern IrelandChapter 1 Geography, People and Language全名: the United Kingdom of Great Britain（大不列颠联合王国）and Northern Ireland （北爱尔兰）.由成千上万的小岛组成（the British Isles）. 两大岛屿：Great Britain（大不列颠）and Ireland（爱尔兰）The River Thames(second longest and most important), originates（起源于）in southwestern England -----North Sea.Scotland ( Edinburgh爱丁堡) important river:Clyde River kilts（苏克兰小短裙）Wales( Cardiff加迪夫，著名港口). The Severn River is the longest river of Britain------flow through western England.Northern Ireland(Belfast贝尔法斯特，首府) Lough Neagh----the largest lake in the British Isles.Climate: temperate, with warm summers, cool winters and plentiful precipitation(降雨量)，冬暖夏凉，降雨充沛Three major features: winter fog, rainy day, instability 冬天多雾，常年多雨，天气不定London---Buckingham Palace（白金汉宫）, Guildhall (市政厅), St. Paul’s Cathedral（圣保罗大教堂）, The Tower Bridge of London（伦敦塔桥）The majority of the population is descendants of the Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic people from Europe.大部分的人口是盎格鲁-撒克逊人的后裔，从欧洲来的日耳曼人Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendants of the Celtic people, including the Irish people威尔士和苏格兰的大多数人都是凯尔特人的后裔，包括爱尔兰人English belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. English is in the Germanic group.英语属于日耳曼语语系Germanic group: East Germanic, North Germanic, West Germanic. English evolved from the West Germanic group.日耳曼语系：东日耳曼语，北日耳曼语，西日耳曼语。
英语国家概况__谢福之_复习资料
Chapter 1全名: the United Kingdom of Great Britain （大不列颠联合王国）（大不列颠联合王国） and Northern Ireland （北爱尔兰）（北爱尔兰） 由成千上万的小岛组成（the British Isles ）. 两大岛屿：Great Britain （大不列颠）（大不列颠） and Ireland （爱尔兰）（爱尔兰）The River Thames (second longest and most important), originates （起源于） in southwestern England -----North Sea. Scotland ( Edinburgh 爱丁堡爱丁堡 ) important river:Clyde River kilts （苏克兰小短裙）（苏克兰小短裙） Wales ( Cardiff 加迪夫，著名港口 ). The Severn River is the longest river of Britain------flow through western England. Northern Ireland (Belfast 贝尔法斯特，首府) Lough Lough Neagh----the Neagh----the Neagh----the largest largest largest lake lake lake in in in the the British Isles. Climate : temperate, with warm summers, cool winters and plentiful precipitation(降雨量)，冬暖夏凉，降雨充沛暖夏凉，降雨充沛Three major features : winter fog, rainy day, instability : winter fog, rainy day, instability 冬天多雾，常年多雨，天气不定冬天多雾，常年多雨，天气不定London ---Buckingham Palace （白金汉宫）, Guildhall (市政厅), St. Paul ’s Cathedral （圣保（圣保罗大教堂）, The Tower Bridge of London （伦敦塔桥）（伦敦塔桥）The majority of the population is descendants of the Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic people from Europe.大部分的人口是盎格鲁-撒克逊人的后裔，从欧洲来的日耳曼人 Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendants of the Celtic people, including the Irish people 威尔士和苏格兰的大多数人都是凯尔特人的后裔，包括爱尔兰人威尔士和苏格兰的大多数人都是凯尔特人的后裔，包括爱尔兰人English belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. English is in the Germanic group.英语属于日耳曼语语系英语属于日耳曼语语系 Germanic group: East Germanic, North Germanic, West Germanic. English evolved from the West Germanic group.日耳曼语系：东日耳曼语，北日耳曼语，西日耳曼语。
英语国家概况章节概要
英国概况1. Land and People 国土与人民Different names for Britain and its parts 英国的不同名称及其区域正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
简称：联合王国，或UK。
首都伦敦。
它包括不列颠岛和北爱尔兰。
不列颠诸岛：包括不列颠岛，爱尔兰岛和几百个小岛。
爱尔兰岛：岛的北部地区，即北爱尔兰属于联合王国；岛的南部地区，称为爱尔兰共和国或爱尔兰，1949年独立，首都是都柏林。
三个政治区域：英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士。
由于帝国主义扩张政策，英国成为一个帝国。
两次世界大战后，其殖民地不断独立，大英帝国逐渐消失，1931年由英联邦取代。
英联邦：是由原英国殖民地组成的一个自由联合体，各独立成员国间，根据贸易协议实行经济合作。
英联邦没有特别的权力，目前有50个成员国。
2. Origins of the Nation 英国的起源Arrival and settlement of the Celts 凯尔特人的到来和迁居自公元前700年不断迁入，来自东欧及中欧，即现在的法国，比利时和德国南部。
三次入侵高潮：第一次是公元前600年，盖尔人。
第二次是公元前400年，布立吞（不列颠）人。
第三次是公元前150年，贝尔盖人。
强大的酋长卡西弗洛诺斯，莎士比亚剧本中的辛白林。
技艺：农耕，沼泽地排水，修建房屋，铁匠。
后裔：山地苏格兰人，爱尔兰人，威尔士人。
语言：是威尔士语和盖尔语的基础。
宗教：德鲁伊德教。
德鲁伊德指智者，占星家和占卜者。
采用活人祭祀。
Basis of modern English race: the Anglo-Saxons 现代英格兰民族的基础：盎格鲁--撒克逊人三支日尔曼（条顿）部落的入侵：朱特人：来自朱特兰岛（现丹麦南部）。
酋长亨及斯特和霍塞，帮助肯特国王伏泰根驱逐皮克特人和苏格兰人后，转而攻击伏泰根，最终亨及斯特成为肯特国王。
撒尔逊人：来自德国北部。
建立了埃塞克斯，苏塞克斯，威塞克斯。
英语国家概况复习资料
英语国家概况复习资料英语国家概况复习资料英语国家概况是学习英语的重要一环，了解英语国家的历史、文化、地理等方面，有助于更好地理解和运用英语。
在这篇文章中，我们将回顾一些关于英语国家的基本知识，帮助大家复习和加深对这些国家的了解。
一、英国（United Kingdom）英国是英语的发源地，也是英语国家中最重要的一个。
它由四个国家组成：英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰。
英国是一个具有悠久历史和丰富文化的国家，拥有众多的文学、音乐和戏剧作品。
莎士比亚、狄更斯、毛姆等伟大的作家都出自英国。
此外，英国还有许多著名大学，如剑桥大学和牛津大学。
二、美国（United States）美国是世界上最大的英语国家之一，也是世界上最强大的国家之一。
它拥有丰富的资源和多元化的文化。
美国是一个移民国家，各种不同的文化和宗教在这里融合。
美国有众多著名的城市，如纽约、洛杉矶和芝加哥，每个城市都有其独特的魅力和特色。
此外，美国还是全球科技和创新的领导者，许多世界知名的科技公司都来自美国。
三、加拿大（Canada）加拿大是北美洲的一个国家，是英语和法语并存的国家。
加拿大是一个拥有广阔土地和丰富资源的国家，同时也是一个多元文化的国家。
加拿大的自然风光非常壮观，有着世界上最美丽的国家公园和湖泊。
此外，加拿大在教育和医疗领域也非常发达，拥有世界一流的大学和医疗系统。
四、澳大利亚（Australia）澳大利亚是一个位于南半球的国家，也是一个英语国家。
澳大利亚拥有宽广的土地和独特的动植物资源，是世界上最大的岛屿国家。
澳大利亚的自然环境非常独特，有着世界上最壮观的珊瑚礁和大堡礁。
此外，澳大利亚还以其高质量的教育和研究机构而闻名，吸引着来自世界各地的留学生。
五、新西兰（New Zealand）新西兰是一个位于南太平洋的岛国，也是一个英语国家。
新西兰的自然环境非常优美，有着壮丽的山脉、湖泊和海岸线。
新西兰是一个农业和旅游业发达的国家，其乳制品和葡萄酒在世界上享有盛誉。
英语国家概况（个人整理表格版）
英语国家概况（个人整理表格版）the executivethe judicial ——the Supreme Court解释宪法Roosevelt — longest 4届*“Donkey” is a pin of the Democratic Party;“Elephant” is a pin of the Republican Party.Country UK Canada Australia New Zealand Ireland America North The north Altantic Oceanoff the North coastThe Coral SeaTimor SeaNorth- the Atlantic OceanNortheast-Northern IrelandCanadaSouth The English ChannelSeparated from the rest of Europe(Narrowest part— the Straits ofDover —England & France)The Southern Indian OceanThe Great Australian BightSoutheast——St. George’s ChannelMexicoWest The Indian Ocean the Atlantic Ocean The Pacific Ocean East The North SeaSeparated from the rest of EuropeThe Tasman SeaThe Pacific OceanIn the Southern PacificOceanThe Irish Sea The north Atlantic OceanThe Mississippi River 东西分界Father of waters；Old man river（The Missouri River 南北分界）River The Seven River2nd/most important—the River Thames（England）The Mackenzie The Murray River The Waikato River The Shannon RiverThe Ohio River—the American RuhrOn the Pacific side—the Colorado &the ColumbiaLake The Lough Neagh Lake EyreA part-time lakeLake TaupoLake SuperiorLargest fresh water lakeLake MichiganLake Huron; Lake Eire; LakeOntarioMountain Ben Nevis (Scotland) Mount Logan Mt. Kosciusko Mt. CookIn the centre of the Southern Alps CarrauntoohilThe Appalachian mountains(NE-SW)The Rocky mountains (NW-SE)North AmericaNewspaper Financial TimesThe Guardianthe world’s oldest national newspaperThe Timesthe oldest daily national newspaperThe Observerthe world’s first Sunday newspaperThe Economist magazineThe Irish Timesthe nation’s most influentialThe Irish independentthe best-selling daily and largestcirculationEducation 5-16Oxford & Cambridge 12th-13thThe Scottish universities of St.Andrew, Glasgow, Aberdeen,Edinburgh 14th-15thBiggest- the University ofTorontoOldest-Laval University1663 Quebec6-17 6-15The University of Dublin6-18Teaching, research, public service Harvard College 1636E: Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Columbia, MITW: Stanford, Berkeley。
英语国家概况知识点总结
英语国家概况知识点总结Full name: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandOthers names: The United Kingdom /The UK/Britain/The Great Britain/The British Lion/England/The British IslesBritish Isles: 范围最大，包含了大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛及其附近的许多小岛U K : Includes England, Scotland, Wales and Northern IrelandGreat Britain: Includes only England, Scotland and WalesArea : 242,514 square kilometers (93,635square miles) Population: about 60,587,300National capital: LondonNational Flag: The Union JackNational Anthem: God Save the Queen/KingComponents:England:1.The largest and the most populated country of UK. It occupies more thanhalf the island of Great Britain.2.Area: 130,281 square kilometers (53.7 percent)3. Population: 50,762,900(83.8 percent) 401 people per square kilo4. Capital: London (the seat of government, center of business, the heart of artsand culture, dominates England just like England dominates TheUK)Scotland:1.The second largest of the four nations both in area and population .no longerhas a separate legislature and executive, and its economy is integrated intothat of the rest of Britain. But it does have a separate administration,different legal and educational systems as well as its Presbyterian nationalchurch. Above all it has retained much of its distinct cultural identity.2.area: 77,925 square kilometers(32.1 percent)3.population: 5,116,900 (8.4persent) 65 people per square kilo4.capital: Edinburgh (on the east cost represent the capital of theregion)5.the l argest city is Glasgow (In the west)Wales:1. A peninsular jutting from England into the Irish Sea, and is the smallestamong the three nations on the island of Britain. And has been dominated byEngland for longer period than the other three nations since its officiallyunion with England in 1536(actually England has ruled Wales in 1343 butnot officially recognized)2.area: 20732 square kilometers (8.5percent)3.population: 2,965,900(4.9persent) 142 people per square kilo4.capital: Cardiff (southern Wales) serving as an important seaport andindustrial center5.Wales retained a unique cultural social and economic development,notably its national language, Welsh, and a devolved Welsh Assembly Northern Ireland:1.Often referred to as the province of Ulster, is part of the island Ireland locatedin its northeast corner. And is the smallest both in area and population among the four nations of the UK.2.area: 13,576square kilometers (5.7 percent of the UK and one six of the islandof Ireland )3.population：1,741,600（2.9 percent）4.capital:Belfast (a seaport on the east cost , is a center of shipbuilding andlinen textiles and it created the Titanic)5.。
英语国家概况知识点总结
英语国家概况知识点总结Full name: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Others names : The The United United United Kingdom Kingdom Kingdom /The /The /The UK/Britain/The UK/Britain/The UK/Britain/The Great Great Great Britain/The Britain/The British Lion/England/The British Isles British Isles: 范围最大，包含了大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛及其附近的许多小岛U K : Includes England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland Great Britain: Includes only England, Scotland and Wales Includes only England, Scotland and Wales Area :242,514 square kilometers (93,635square miles) Population:about 60,587,300National capital: : London National Flag: The Union Jack National Anthem: God Save the Queen/King Components : England: 1. The The largest largest largest and and and the the the most most most populated populated populated country country country of of of UK. UK. UK. It It It occupies occupies occupies more more more than than half the island of Great Britain. 2. Area : 130,281 square kilometers (53.7 percent) 3. Population : 50,762,900(83.8 percent) 401 people per square kilo 4. Capital : London (the seat of government, center of business, the heart of arts and and culture, culture, culture, dominates dominates dominates England England England just just just like like like England England England dominates dominates dominates The The UK) Scotland: 1. The second largest of the four nations both in area and population .no longer has a separate legislature and executive, and its economy is integrated into that that of of of the the the rest rest rest of of of Britain. Britain. Britain. But But But it it it does does does have have have a a a separate separate separate administration, administration, different different legal legal legal and educational and educational systems systems as well as well as as its Presbyterian national its Presbyterian national church. Above all it has retained much of its distinct cultural identity. 2. area: 77,925 square kilometers(32.1 percent) 3. population : 5,116,900 (8.4persent) 65 people per square kilo 4. capital : Edinburgh (on the east cost represent the capital of the region) 5. the l a rgest argest city is Glasgow (In the west) Wales: 1. A A peninsular peninsular peninsular jutting jutting jutting from from from England England England into into into the the the Irish Irish Irish Sea, Sea, Sea, and and and is is is the the the smallest smallest among the three nations on the island of Britain. And has been dominated by England England for for for longer longer longer period period period than than than the the the other other other three three three nations nations nations since since since its its its officially officially union with England in 1536(actually England has ruled Wales in 1343 but not officially recognized) 2. area: 20732 square kilometers (8.5percent) 3. population: 2,965,900(4.9persent) 142 people per square kilo 4. capital: Cardiff (southern Wales) serving as an important seaport and industrial center 5. Wales retained a unique cultural social and economic development, notably its national language, Welsh, and a devolved Welsh Assembly Northern Ireland: 1. Often referred to as the province of Ulster, is part of the island Ireland located in its northeast corner. And is the smallest both in area and population among the four nations of the UK. 2. area : 13,576square kilometers (5.7 percent of the UK and one six of the island of Ireland ) 3. population ：1,741,600（2.9 percent ）4. capital: Belfast Belfast (a (a (a seaport seaport seaport on on on the the the east east east cost cost cost , , , is is is a a a center center center of of of shipbuilding shipbuilding shipbuilding and and linen textiles and it created the Titanic) 5.。
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Unit1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom 1.The flag of Britain : Union Jack（英国国旗中没有显示出Welsh旗）2. The basic information of each country:Count ry Capital AreaMemoEngland London最大1.最不会把自己的“英格兰文化区别于其他文化”2.一个高度城市化3.The time joining the British parliament: However, in 1707 by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments, Scotland joined the Union.4.Difference between the British Isles ,UK, Great Britain , and England:British Isles:the island of Great Britainthe island of Irelandsurrounding isles●UK=Great Britain + Northern Ireland●Great Britain =England +Scotland + Wales5.The four major invasions in the history of Great Britain :At first, England was occupied by Celtic people.Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire.Result: England and Wales became a part of the Roman Empire for nearly 400 years.the Angle-Saxon invaded.Result: The land they lived became" Angle-land", later changed into England, the language they spoken became English.PS：One of the best-known English legends derives from this time. In 5 century AD, King Author(亚瑟王) united the British, and with his magical sword, Excalibur（被称为“王者之剑”的圣剑）,drove the Saxons back.关于亚瑟王的一些名词：Excalibur:被称为“王者之剑”的圣剑;亚瑟王之魔剑Castle at Tintagel(廷塔杰尔) in Cornwall: Tintagel传说为亚瑟王的诞生地，这是一个与亚瑟王传奇有关的地方。
Knight：骑士Camelot:卡米洛，传说中亚瑟王宫殿所在地。
the Vikings invaded. (From the late 8th century on) Result in a certain cultural divide between northerners and southerners in England, which can be expressed as "Saxon" versus(对抗；与... 相对) "Dane".PS:此时出现的历史人物是：King Alfred the Great：阿尔弗雷德国王，英国历史上的著名国王，领导英国抗击北欧海盗的入侵。
the Normans(from northern France, who were descendants(后代) of Vikings) , William of Normandy invaded this country.Result: This marks the last time that an army from outside the British Isles succeeded in invadingPS:与此时有关的历史人物是：William of Normandy (known as “William the Conqueror”)：征服者威廉，1066年通过英吉利海峡（English Channel）对英格兰宣战，打败了哈罗德国王，获全胜。
同年圣诞节威廉在威斯敏斯特教堂(Westminster Abbey)加冕成为英格兰国王，史称威廉一世。
（William the First of England）Westminster Abbey: 威斯敏斯特教堂坐落在伦敦泰晤士岸，原是一座天主教本笃会隐修院，始建于公元960 年，1045年进行了扩建，1065年建成，1220年至1517年进行了重建。
威斯敏斯特教堂在1540年英王创建圣公会之前，它一直是天主教本笃会（天主教的隐修院修会之一）教堂。
1540年之后，成为圣公会教堂。
King Harold:哈罗德国王，英格兰最后一位撒克逊民族国王，在关键的Hastings战斗中被杀。
6.Main cities of EnglandLondonBirmingham（伯明翰）—second largest city of England. Liverpool（利物浦）—second largest port of England Manchester（曼彻斯特）—industrial and commercial centre.其他名词解释：1.London: London is in the south of the country, and is dominant（主要的，主宰的）in the United Kingdom inall sorts of ways. It is by far the largest city in the country, with about one seventh of the nation population; it is the seat of government(伦敦是英国政府所在地); it is the cultural centre, home to all the major newspapers, TV stations, and with far and away the widest selection of galleries（画廊，美术馆）, theatres and museums. Also it is the business centre, headquarters of the vast majority of Britain's big companies; it is the financial centre of the nation, and one of the three major international financial centres in the world.London’s function= Beijing + Shanghai +Guangzhou=New York+ Washington +Los Angeles London Attractions:(1).Big Ben（大本钟（英议会大厦上的报时钟））and the Houses of Parliament（英国的国会大厦）. (2).The Tower of London（伦敦塔(伦敦古堡,在泰晤士岸,古代曾作宫殿及监狱,现为兵械库和博物馆)），由威廉一世建造。
(3). Tower Bridge（伦敦塔桥，是一座上开悬索桥，位于英国伦敦，横跨泰晤士河，因在伦敦塔附近而得名，是从泰晤士河口算起的第一座桥（泰晤士河上共建桥15座），也是伦敦的象征。
该桥始建于1886年，1894年6月30日对公众开放，将伦敦南北区连接成整体。
）(4). St Paul's Cathedral (圣保罗大教堂,巴洛克风格建筑的代表，以其壮观的圆形屋顶而闻名，是世界第二大圆顶教堂，它模仿罗马的圣彼得大教堂，是英国古典主义建筑的代表。
)(5).the River Thames(泰晤士河It is the longest river entirely in England and the second longest in the United Kingdom, after the River Severn.)(6). The English Royal Family reside in London at Buckingham Palace(白金汉宫(英国王宫)) where you can see the famous 'Changing of the Guard' and much more.(7). Hadrian’s Wall: 哈德良长城。
罗马人保卫不列颠北疆的屏障，长118公里。
2. the Commonwealth of Nations/the British Commonwealth（英联邦国家）：It’s a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was established in 1931, replacing the former British Empire. Member nations are joined together economically and have certain trading arrangements. The Commonwealth has no special power. The decision tobecome a member of the Commonwealth is left to each nation .At present there are 50 member countries within the Commonwealth.3.British Empire（大英帝国）: （an empire in which the sun never set”（日不落帝国））About a hundred years ago, as a result of its imperialist expansion, Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world’s people and one fourth of the world’s land area. However, t he two world wars greatly weakened Britain. The British colonies became independent one after another. The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth in 1931.4. the European Union(欧洲联盟，欧盟): The UK has been a member since 1973.6.Robin Hood：罗宾汉，英国传说中一位著名撒克逊族绿林好汉，在森林里盘踞，以劫富济贫、杀贪官污吏为宗旨。