【写作技巧】托福写作中如何使用提问方式?3种方法帮你轻松应对

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英语考试作文-托福综合写作解决方案类题材攻略

英语考试作文-托福综合写作解决方案类题材攻略

英语考试作文托福综合写作解决方案类题材攻略托福综合写作是托福写作单项考生会遇到的第一个任务类型,也是相对于传统英语考试中写作单项对考生综合能力要求比较高的部分。

常见的托福综合写作分类一般是按照话题类别来进行,而其实如果按照阅读材料的形式去分类,我们可以把托福综合写作分为解决方案类、证据类和说理类。

我们先重点了解一下解决方案类综合写作的具体打开方式和答题策略。

解决方案类综合写作的阅读材料通常是针对某一问题提出解决方案,也就是说这类阅读材料主旨句模式一般为:there are three possible solutions to help…/ three measures are considered to prevent…等。

这种阅读材料的三个measures一般情况下通过分论点本身就可以明确,并且不需要阅读分论点后面的解释部分。

但可能在解释部分会说明采取该分论点提到的方法的理论根据,而这种理论根据通常以因果关系呈现,比如说:阅读分论点提到的解决方法为A(即A能够解决C问题)。

在解释部分中,阅读材料进一步指出是因为B导致C,而A是B的解决方法,所以只要使用A,C 也可以得到解决。

按照上述分析可以看出,遇到此类阅读文章我们在记下具体的三个解决方案之后还是应该大致略读一下每个主体段后面的内容,确认一下是否出现了以上列举的情况,因为这与听力材料的反驳方式息息相关。

针对借鉴方案类题材的综合写作,听力材料对于阅读材料的反驳方式无外乎三种:1. 说明阅读给出的方法不可行,如金钱上prohibitively、expensive、时间上太过浪费、范围上太大以至于方法不能合理有效应用等等。

这些方法不可行的理由会阻止该方法达到原来的目标。

2. 阅读给出的方法有其他坏处,这些坏处跟本身能否达到目的不同,而是可以达到原定目标,但是代价太大。

3. 阅读给出方法后所使用的理论基础不成立(即上文中的并不是B导致C),在这种情况下,影响因素不同,所以针对该影响因素所提出的解决办法一定不能有效解决问题。

托福写作的解题技巧

托福写作的解题技巧

托福写作的解题技巧在进行托福写作时,考生往往会遇到很多种问题,例如面对题目没有思路、没有论证技巧等等,本文环球教育小编就托福写作的解题技巧为大家做出说明。

一、“破题”技巧很多同学在写托福写作时遇到的第一个问题是如何“破题”,面对作文题时,思路无法打开,不知道从何处下手。

我们在写作时,可以在开篇把问题的根本所在讲明白,这样下文就有话可说,而且容易让人信服。

二、论证技巧托福写作一般来说都是论说文。

论说文首先要有自己的观点,这并不难做到,关键是如何用行之有效的论证技巧来证明自己观点的正确性。

很多同学由于没有系统掌握论证技巧,所写托福作文往往论证空洞,很难让批卷者信服。

1. 数字论证这种论证技巧在第二课《不要伤害蜘蛛》(spare that spider)中比较典型。

这篇课文是要说明蜘蛛给人类带来的巨大好处,以此劝告人们不要伤害蜘蛛。

作者为了告诉读者蜘蛛杀死害虫的数目巨大,用了一系列的数字,比如,一英亩的场地就有2,250,000只蜘蛛,相当于一个足球场就有6,000,000蜘蛛。

1和2,250,000,1和6,000,000相比,读者一眼就能发现蜘蛛的数量之多,就可以想象出每年蜘蛛将清除多少的害虫。

2. 比较论证我们还是用第二课为例。

作者在第一段中将蜘蛛与鸟类和兽类做比较,指出:all of them(birds and beasts) put together kill only a fraction of the member destroyed by spiders. 这样就突出了蜘蛛在清除害虫方面的重要性。

接着,作者又写道:Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings。

看到此处,面对如此有百利而无一害的蜘蛛,读者当然不忍心再去伤害了,而作者的论证也就达到了目的。

全面了解托福阅读中“问号”的使用技巧

全面了解托福阅读中“问号”的使用技巧

全面了解托福阅读中“问号”的使用技巧在托福备考过程汇总,我们知道一般提出问题后,紧接着后面的句子是问题的回答或者答案,但是托福阅读文章中也有好多句子不是那种自问自答式,而是反而对问题的进一步解释从而加强疑问,在解题中如果能分清句子是在回答问题还是加强疑问。

那么对于托福句子中的“问号”都有哪些技巧呢?下面我们就来一一了解一下。

1.自问自答式也就是提出问题,后面句子给予回答,这个很简单,一般都不会出错。

在这里就不一一列举了。

2.加强疑问Example 1 TPO5-3 The Cambrian ExplosionParagraph 2: Scientists have asked important questions about this explosion for more than a century. Why did it occur so late in the history of Earth? The origin of multicellular forms of life seems a relatively simple step compared to the origin of life itself.译文:科学家提出的一些问题。

为什么Cambrian Explosion在地球历史这么晚的时候才发生?相比生命的起源,多细胞动物的起源应该是很简单的一步才对。

很显然,这问号问句后面的句子不是在回答为什么出现晚的问题,反而是进一步在追问和强调问题,既然多细胞动物的起源相比生命起源更简单,为什么还那么晚出现呢?进一步质疑。

Example 2:TPO8-2 Extinction of the DinosaursParagraph 3: If true, though, why did cold-blooded animals such as snakes, lizards, turtles, and crocodiles survive the freezing winters and torrid summers? These animals are at the mercy of the climate to maintain a livable body temperature. It’s hard to understand why they would not be affected, whereas dinosaurs were left too crippled to cope, especially if, as some scientists believe, dinosaurs were warm-blooded.译文:如果真是这样(极端温度变化导致了恐龙的灭绝),那么为什么冷血动物,比如蛇类、蜥蜴、乌龟和鳄鱼却能够幸免于寒冬和酷夏呢?这些动物都是依赖于气温以使其身体保持适合生存的温度。

托福写作题型简介及备考策略——独立写作

托福写作题型简介及备考策略——独立写作

托福写作题型简介及备考策略——独立写作托福写作有分为独立写作和综合写作两个部分今天小编就来和大家分享一下独立写作的题型简介以及备考策略,希望对大家有帮助!托福写作题型简介及备考策略——独立写作1 托福独立写作介绍1.1 典型问法托福独立写作部分(the Independent Writing Task)为新托福写作试题的第二个部分,要求考生针对某个问题提出自己的论点并展开,考试时间为30分钟。

这种题目的典型问法为:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?[A sentence or sentences that present an issue appear here]Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.1.2 评分原则和评分标准评分原则:从2010年1月开始,iBT写作评分系统做出重大改革。

由原来的两位阅卷者独立阅卷给分,两个分数的算术平均值为原始分,改为一个阅卷人和一个电脑评分系统(E-Rater)分别给分。

其中,E-Rater负责Linguistic feature(语言因素),即语法,句法和结构;人工负责文章内容和含义;两部分相加,即为考生的作文原始分。

而最终的分数则与原始分所占的百分比(Percentile)相关:比如30分对应97.9%,即只有2.1%的人得到了满分。

评分标准:Score 5: An essay as this level largely accomplishes all of the following:Effectively addresses the topic and task;Is well-organized and well-developed, using clearly appropriate explanation, exemplifications, and/or details;Display unity, progression and coherence;Display consistent facility in the use of language,demonstrating syntactic variety, appropriate word choice and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors.评分标准解读:阅卷人会从考生是否切题,如何展开论点,如何组织文章结构和语言运用四个方面评估考生的文章。

托福新题型写作答题技巧

托福新题型写作答题技巧

有关“托福新题型”的写作答题技巧有关“托福新题型”的写作答题技巧如下:1.审题准确,理解到位:在开始写作前,一定要认真审题,确保自己完全理解了题目的要求和要点。

这有助于在写作过程中紧扣主题,不偏离题意。

2.结构清晰,逻辑性强:写作时,要确保文章结构清晰,有明确的开头、中间和结尾。

同时,段落之间要有逻辑联系,使整篇文章连贯、流畅。

3.使用高级词汇和句型:在写作过程中,尽量使用高级词汇和句型,这不仅可以提升文章的档次,还能展示出考生的英语水平。

但是,要注意使用的词汇和句型要与文章的内容和风格相符。

4.举例论证,增强说服力:为了支持自己的观点或论证某个问题,可以举出具体的例子来加以说明。

这样可以增强文章的说服力,使读者更容易接受你的观点。

5.检查修改,避免错误:在写作完成后,一定要留出时间检查修改文章。

主要检查语法、拼写、标点等错误,以及是否扣题、表达是否清晰等问题。

通过修改润色,可以提升文章的整体质量。

除了以上几点答题技巧外,还需要注意以下几点:1.注意时间管理:在考试时间内合理安排写作部分的时间。

建议留出2-3分钟审题,20分钟完成写作,最后留出3-5分钟检查文章质量和语法等错误。

2.不要抄袭或套用模板:托福写作注重原创性和独立思考能力。

因此,在写作过程中要避免抄袭或套用模板。

否则一旦被发现,很可能会被扣分或取消成绩。

3.保持字迹清晰和卷面整洁:虽然托福是机考形式进行考试,但也要注意保持字迹清晰和卷面整洁。

这可以给阅卷老师留下良好的印象分。

4.多练习多总结:通过多练习托福真题和总结经验教训来提高自己的写作水平和应试能力是非常有效的方法之一。

托福写作没思路、没话说3招帮你解决

托福写作没思路、没话说3招帮你解决

托福写作没思路、没话说3招帮你解决托福写作考试过程中,许多同学经常写着写着就没有了思路,那么如何解决这点问题呢,本文小编将为大家提供3招解决做这个问题,希望能够帮助到大家!托福写作没思路、没话说 3招帮你解决第一招、举实例在托福写作中,考生经常会出现思维短路的情况,这个时候应该怎么办呢?很简单,举实例!不管是提出一个观点,还是提出一个方案,只要你不知道怎么继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子!而且这可以说是我们阐述一个观点的最好方式。

“举例的”的短语:To take … as an example,One example is…,Another example is…,for example,such as,for instance第二招、做比较方法:写一个要点,和相似的进行比较;再写一个要点,然后与相反的进行比较;世上没有两片相同的树叶,同样也没有两片相同的文章。

通过比较,我们才能发现二者的相同点和不同点。

“相似的比较”的短语:in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner“相反的比较”的短语:on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …第三招、换言之当你觉得自己已经没话说了,而这时文章的字数还不够。

那么你可以换一句话说(in other words, that is to say),这样不仅能让你的文章多一些字,也能让读者更充分地理解你的观点。

比如下面的两个句子实际上就是三个字:I love you!I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you.还有,I cannot bear it可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.也可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.“换言之”的短语:In other words, that is to say, in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply托福独立写作范文:大型购物中心建在你家附近It has recently been announced that a large shopping center may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.There are both advantages and disadvantages of establishing a shopping mall in our neighborhood. I am worried about traffic and how it will affect our community. However, I believe it will benefit local business and increase appreciations for local area. All in all, I think it is a good idea.For those what I am worried about, traffic congestion and parking problem are obverse. First of all, traffic congestion is always a concern when building something new. Our streets are narrow, with parking on both sides. A shopping center will certainly bring more traffic than ever before, and heavy traffic means big congestion. At the same time, parking is also a problem in this area.There are few garages attached to houses. Most of residents depend on finding spaces on the street for parking. If a shopping mall is build, we must compete with customers and patrons for those parking spaces. Furthermore, if the shopping center offers valet parking service, it would be evenworse because valet parking works in terms to grab every possible spaces available in street.On the other hand, building up a shopping center will give this neighborhood more opportunities and benefits. Residents in this area could certainly take the job that shopping center offers. People would earn more money and spend on other business, such as entertainment and education, which are operating in our neighborhood or adjacent communities. As a result, not only local business but also inter-community business boosts up and a prodigious amount of fortune will be accumulated to our neighborhood. A shopping center can also attract people to visit our community. When they drive to the shopping center, they will see what a nice place this area is to live. Therefore, we would have an increasing number of residents in the next couple of years. It is very important to introduce new numbers because we have lost many residents to suburbs during recent years.In a short, there are several details to consider when planning a shopping center. In my part, I support to have a new shopping center in my community because its advantages outweigh disadvantages.托福独立写作范文:有家电影院建在你家附近It has recently been announced that a new movie theater may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.Some people will say that a new movie theater in our neighborhood would be a bad thing. However, I fully support the plan to build one. I feel that a movie theater would bring more opportunities for recreation, reduce teenage delinquency, and lead to several improvements in the town.As it stands, there is little to do in my town. There are no parks here, and there is certainly no nightlife. Additionally, the nearest movie theater is more than thirty minutes away. That is inconvenient for everyone here. Many movies end late at night. Who wants a long drive home at 11:30p.m. or midnight?Building a new movie theater here will reduce juvenile delinquency. Like everyone else, teens here are bored. They need activities to keep them busy and out of trouble. The jobs that the theatre will provide will help teens, too. We need more businesses that are willing and eager to employ young people.Overall, the new theater will bring many improvements to the town. For example, it will help other businesses. That is because the movie theater will attract customers from neighboring towns. Those neighbors do not have a reason to come to this town now. However, if they are coming here for a movie, they will be more likely to stay here to shop. If we get more visitors, we'll need better roads. While this may be costly, it will also make travel easier for people living here. We will be able to get around faster. Safety will be improved with the new roads, because they will be in better condition than many that we have now.I believe that our town needs a new movie theater. Again, I support it fully. I hope that others in our community will join me to convince residents and local government.托福独立写作范文:人有时做些不喜欢做的事情Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should sometimes do things that they do not enjoy doing. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.I agree that people should sometimes do things that they don't enjoy doing. This is a basic part of being an adult. Plus,some things that aren't "fun" are still good for us in the long run.Take personal tasks. Who enjoys going to the dentist? Very few people enjoy having their annual check-up with the doctor. Not a lot of people enjoy changing the oil in their car or mowing their lawns. These are all things we do because we have to, not because we want to. We realize that taking care of our physical health is the sensible thing to do. We know that if we don't change the oil in our cars, our cars won't run. We understand that grass grows and if we don't mow it, our lawns will look like tropical forests.Professional tasks are another part of the same equation. No one likes to be stuck with a boring assignment or to be told we have to work with someone no one else gets along with. Sometimes we have to put up with unfair criticism from a supervisor or resentment from those we supervise. If we're in management, we may have had the unpleasant task of having to fire someone. None of these are fun things. Unfortunately, they're all part of earning a living, something the majority of adults have to do.On the other hand, sometimes doing something we don't enjoy doing can lead to enjoyment. Simply by trying it again, we may decide we like doing it. For instance, we may have convinced ourselves we hate to dance. We agree to go to a club only to please someone else. Yet, for some reason, this time we enjoy dancing. We've been cheating ourselves of enjoyment without even knowing it. The same can be true of trying new foods or going to a new type of museum.Doing what we don't enjoy doesn't always have to be a bother, does it? It's just part of life.托福写作没思路、没话说 3招帮你解决。

托福写作问题的解决

托福写作问题的解决

官方网站:托福写作问题的解决托福写作过程中,会出现各类的问题,小编今天就在写作过程中暴露出来的各种问题提出解决方法,教会大家如何应对这些问题,并且在写作备考过程中,同学们应该积累哪些东西也做出了汇总,让我们一起来看一下吧:1、暴露问题解决问题阶段——To Expose and To get rid of.这个阶段是打基础的阶段。

建议同学们首先要做的是跟独立写作题目简历亲密关系。

对于备考时间相对充分一点的同学,希望大家按话题类型自己对题目进行归类。

这个步骤是所谓磨刀不误砍柴工的一个准备工作。

一旦对题目进行分类之后,备考的效率可以大大提高。

原因在于首先,针对类似话题的文章,同学们可以挑几篇有代表性的题目进行练习,不必毫无重点可言地进行盲目的练习;其次,同一类的文章可以总结出一些套话或模板,这一类的题目都可以套得上。

在对题目进行分类后,就要开始练习了。

有几个要点需要强调。

(1)刚开始练习的时候,不要太苛求一定要在30分钟内完成,否则会有打击。

建议大家刚开始练习的时候可以有2-3篇文章是在不限时间,但是是在力求写到最好最完整的情景下完成的。

(2)上述过程结束后,一定要限定时间练习写作。

且不限定时间和限定时间进行的写作练习篇数的比例不能大于3:5。

(3)一定要有专业的老师帮助批改。

既然是暴露问题和解决问题的过程,没有人指导你犯的错误如何改正,那么练再多篇作文也都是白练的。

因此文章从题目就开始强调:不能不练,但更不能白练。

同学们一般写作文,对自己的作文存在的"硬伤"和"软伤"都没有明确的认识。

这样一来,反复练习却没有老师进行批改和指正反而会加强对这些错误的印象,最后会适得其反。

2、积累阶段——ToAccumulate"To expose and to get rid of"是一个去其糟粕的过程。

当经过了这番过程的洗礼之后,语言表达和语法上的问题大部分得到修正,写作会至少达到通顺的效果。

托福写作题型:综合写作解题技巧解析

托福写作题型:综合写作解题技巧解析

托福写作题型:综合写作解题技巧解析托福综合写作是托福写作题型中的第一项,主要考察考生的阅读、听力和归纳能力。

今天给大家带来了托福写作题型:综合写作解题技巧解析,希望能够帮助到大家,一起来学习吧。

托福写作题型:综合写作解题技巧解析一.托福综合写作考察哪些技能1. Note taking:学生在阅读和听力过程中应该有效记录重点信息,这些信息在接下来的写作任务中将起到非常重要的作用。

2. Outlining:合理规划笔记形成提纲可以帮助考生有逻辑地组织信息,并能够帮助考生将阅读信息和听力信息有效联系起来。

3. Summarizing:针对230-300字左右的两篇*,考生不可能记录所有的信息,所以考生需要去筛选重要的信息进行总结,最终完成写作。

4. Paraphrasing:考生在写作过程中不可以照抄阅读中的原句,听力中的句子考生也不可能完全记录下来,所以考生需要用自己的语言去表述相关信息。

5. Citing:综合写作不要求考生给出任何自己的观点,所有的内容都是引用阅读和听力中的信息。

6. Connecting/Linking:恰当地使用连接词或词组可以使得*更加连贯。

考生需要使用一定的连接手段将听力中的有效信息和阅读中的主要信息联系起来,最终完成写作。

二.托福综合写作解题技巧1.合理规划笔记:将笔记区域分成左右两个版块,分别对应记录阅读和听力相关内容;记笔记时,尽量使用字母缩写或符号,考生可通过课下练习形成自己的笔记形式。

2.在阅读的时候,要注意记录主要信息。

一般来说,阅读由四个自然段组成,其中阅读的主要观点位于第一自然段的最后一句话,但如果最后一句话有代词,需要指出代词的具体指代对象;接下来的三个自然段一定要分别读完整个自然段再去总结每一个自然段的内容要点,不要只看第一句话。

3.在听力中要带着问题去听,同时去记录一些重点信息。

听力中一般反驳阅读中的观点,因此会给出一些细节或是例子,在听力中重点去听教授是如何使用一些证据去反驳阅读中的信息,对于类似于for example,for instance,another explanation等表达后面的内容我们要尤其注意。

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【写作技巧】托福写作中如何使用提问方式?3种方法帮你轻松应对
ETS官方发布的托福独立写作满分标准第一条中就明确指出:“满分文章必须有效地针对给定话题进行论述(effectively addresses the topic and task)”。

结合西方的写作习惯,开头段的构成要素和要完成的基本任务也非常清晰,即需要考生表达观点,树立统领全文的思想主题。

因此常见的开头方式有以下两种:一是开门见山型,即开头段只有1-2句话,清晰、简练地针对给定话题表达观点和态度;二是背景概述型,即开头段中先用1-2句话的篇幅结合给定话题提出背景,对其成因、现象或日常观察等进行描述,再亮明观点。

而托福老师在多年的教学过程中发现,对于大多数考生来说,这两种开头方式都不实用。

首先开门见山型的开头只适合语言功底扎实,且在正文段中有话可说、能够充分展开论证的考生。

对于他们来说,开头简洁有力,就可以把大量的篇幅留给正文段,便于取悦考官,取得高分。

但对于大多数考生来说,充分论证、有理有据谈何容易,只写一句话往往是简陋不堪、含混不清,且减少了文章字数。

而背景概述型开头要求既要贴合题目,又要新颖独特、不落俗套。

这就需要考生对机经真题烂熟于胸,并在考场上花费大量时间构思,否则就会沦为千篇一律的恶俗开头,导致低分。

文韬老师在第一次写作课前收到的学生习作中有八成左右都会用“Today with the development of science and technology”做为开头,甚至很多考生在处理跟科技类题材毫不沾边的话题时,也会使用这个“标准”开头。

这种文章极易使考官厌倦,从而降低主观评价、拉低整体分数。

在此强烈建议各位时间紧、任务重、且语言运用尚未达到炉火纯青程度的考生,善用提问法、写出好开头。

一、提问法开头的基本框架
提问法开头包括:针对给定话题的提问(1-2句话);表达自己的观点和态度(1-2句话)。

例如在处理以下这道关于管理零花钱与培养责任感的机经真题时,可以这样开头:
题目:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to become financially responsible adults, children should manage their own money at young age。

开头:Many parents are in doubt whether children can control their pocket money at young age? As far as I am concerned, with patient guidance and good suggestions, teenagers should manage their own money and assume responsibility at young age。

二、三类常用的提问词汇
三大类常用的提问词汇,在语法构造方面非常简单实用,各位考生务必牢记:
第一类:情态动词,例如should, could, might
第二类:why与why not
第三类:be in doubt whether.。

例如我们以在文韬老师的写作课上开小差是不对的为话题进行提问:
第一类:Might students doze off or play mobile games in my writing class? From my point of view, no way!
第二类:Why not mind your behavior and pay close attention to the writing course? In my opinion, young students should learn how to control themselves in class。

第三类:I am in doubt whether my students’ attention is diverted for a moment in class? Fortunately, this situation never occur in my writing class。

三、善用提问法
用好提问法要注意以下两点:一是注意替换,考生可以使用词汇替换、变主动句为被动句等技巧对给定话题进行包装和重述,务必做到意思相近,但形式不同,以迎合满分标准中对语言多样性的要求;二是字数不足或表达观点力度不够时,可以针对提问做出多种可能性回答,再亮明自己的观点,但务必注意简洁有力,避免啰嗦。

好的开始是成功的一半。

善用提问法可以有效地针对话题表明观点,同时有利于增强表达力度、增加文章字数、使全文整体生动活泼、不落俗套,各位想要冲刺高分的考生务必多多练习,熟练运用。

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