【尚友制造】SAT真题答案解析(2013.5北美卷)
2013考研英语试题及解析【3】
2013考研英语试题及解析【3】Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree, according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’ information.[B] States’ independence from fed eral immigration law.[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states’ interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states’ support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administration.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.答案：36- CCDAD答案详解：36.标准答案: C考点分析：此题考查考生对文章细节信息的把握能力选项分析：根据题干中的关键词 three provisions of Arizona定位到文中第二段。
2013上海高考英语试卷解析精读版
! 平均2%。
Those who advocate globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. For instance , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in local open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.
那些主张支持全球化的人(主张0宣称发展中国家的经济将受益于那些给小企业和家庭企业的新机 会。例如,巴西的小农户生产坚果,最初只在当地露天市场销售，现在可以在世界范围内通过网络促销
! 他们的产品。
Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually widening the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually profited from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. Furthermore , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to export their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of business . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like WalMart move in, these small businesses will not be able to keep up and will be crowded out.
【尚友制造】SAT真题答案解析(2013.1北美卷)
Section
4
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1. E 首先句子中的 but 一词很明显的表达出了前后部分的语义 是相反的，而前半部分中又有 not，所以可以判断出两空中所需要的 词的大意应该是差不多的，即选 E。A 中因为 overlook 就排除，B 是 因为 avoid 和 dismiss 排除，C 是 forget 排除掉，而 D 是 prevent 排除掉。
4. E 从 far from exhausting 可以看出，空出部分的单词应该 是和 exhausting 相反的，即 E，也可以从 convalescent 这边选出答 案。
5. D
EDK 这个人支持老师们有高收入，那么对应的就是 D。
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5. A 前半句： 虽然对于怎么样的评价感到不快是正常的，这里 的“怎么样”应该是一个负面态度的词。下半句：在被严厉斥责时， L 假装她没有怎么样。根据句意，也应该填一个负态度的词（题干为 Although +not 双重否定取同） 。所以排除其他选项，选 A。词汇： acerbic 尖刻的； affronted 被冒犯的； barbed 讽刺的， 有倒钩的， ； discreet 谨慎的；droll 古怪可笑的；intimidated 被吓到的； churlish 粗鲁的；mollified 被平息的
2. D 活动家作为什么的支持者是在国际间推广酒类消费的坏 处。根据句意可以得知，这位活动家是讨厌酒的一个态度，看选项， 只有 D 是正确的，有戒酒的意思。词汇：debauchery 放荡，沉溺声 色；suffrage 选举权
3. D 通过怎么样了自然河流的很多方面，水坝 cause serious harm.从 serious 可知在 producing 后面也应该填一个表示负面态度 的词，这时候看选项就可以排除掉 B、C、E。只剩下 A、D ，A 的前 面一个单词 improving 和后面造成严重坏处的语意不符，故选 D。词 汇 ： pernicious 致 命 的 ； nominal 名 义 上 的 ； inhibit 禁 止 ； deleterious 有害的；obliterate 抹去；salutary 治愈性的
SAT 阅读特训 13
SAT reading comprehension practice test13（8道题，12分钟内完成）Could Washington,Madison,and the other framers of theFederal Constitution revisit the earth in this year1922,it is likely that nothing would bewilder them more thanthe recent Prohibition Amendment.Railways,steamships,5the telephone,automobiles,flying machines,submarines–all these developments,unknown in their day,wouldfill them with amazement and admiration.They wouldmarvel at the story of the rise and downfall of theGerman Empire;at the growth and present greatness of10the Republic they themselves had founded.None of thesethings,however,would seem to them to involve anyessential change in the beliefs and purposes of men asthey had known them.The Prohibition Amendment,on thecontrary,would evidence to their minds the breaking15down of a principle of government which they had deemedaxiomatic,the abandonment of a purpose which they hadsupposed immutable.Adapted from:Our Changing Constitution,C W Pierson(1922)1.It can be inferred that the paragraph is intended asA.an introduction to a discussion of a constitutional amendmentB.a summary of social and political change since the writing of the Federal ConstitutionC.an introduction to a history of the ConstitutionD.a clarification of the author’s view of a controversyE.a summation of a discussion on political history2.The author apparently believes that the“principle of government”mentioned in the last sentence isA.not implicit in the original ConstitutionB.to be taken as true for all timeC.apparently violated by the Prohibition AmendmentD.an essential change in the beliefs of the American peopleE.something that would bewilder Washington and MadisonI have previously defined a sanctuary as a place where manis passive and the rest of Nature active.But this generaldefinition is too absolute for any special case.The merefact that man has to protect a sanctuary does away with his5purely passive attitude.Then,he can be beneficially activeby destroying pests and parasites,like bot-flies ormosquitoes,and by finding antidotes for diseases like theepidemic which periodically kills off the rabbits and thusstarves many of the carnivora to death.But,except in cases10where experiment has proved his intervention to bebeneficial,the less he upsets the balance of Nature thebetter,even when he tries to be an earthly Providence.Adapted from:Animal Sanctuaries in Labrador,W Wood(1911)3.The author implies that his first definition of a sanctuary isA.totally wrongB.somewhat idealisticC.unhelpfulD.indefensibleE.immutable4.The author’s argument that destroying bot-flies and mosquitoes would be a beneficial action is most weakened by all of the following exceptA.parasites have an important role to play in the regulation of populationsB.the elimination of any species can have unpredictable effects on the balance of natureC.the pests themselves are part of the food chainD.these insects have been introduced to the area by human activitiesE.elimination of these insects would require the use of insecticides that kill a wide range of insectsParagraph oneThat Priestley's contributions to the knowledge of chemicalfact were of the greatest importance is unquestionable;butit must be admitted that he had no comprehension of thedeeper significance of his work;and,so far from5contributing anything to the theory of the facts which hediscovered,or assisting in their rational explanation,his influence to the end of his life was warmly exerted infavor of error.From first to last,he was a stiff adherentof the phlogiston doctrine which was prevalent when his10studies commenced;and,by a curious irony of fate,the manwho by the discovery of what he called"dephlogisticated air"furnished the essential datum for the true theory ofcombustion,of respiration,and of the composition of water,to the end of his days fought against the inevitable15corollaries from his own labors.Paragraph twoIt is a trying ordeal for any man to be compared with Blackand Cavendish,and Priestley cannot be said to stand ontheir level.Nevertheless his achievements are trulywonderful if we consider the disadvantages under which he20labored.Without the careful scientific training of Black,without the leisure and appliances secured by the wealth ofCavendish,he scaled the walls of science;and trusting tomother wit to supply the place of training,and to ingenuityto create apparatus out of washing tubs,he discovered more25new gases(including oxygen,which he termed“dephlogisticated air”)than all his predecessors puttogether had done.Both passages adapted from:Science&Education,T H Huxley(1893)5.Which pairing best reflects the main emphasis of the two passages?The first focuses mainly on Priestley’sA.discoveries of chemical fact;the second on his ingenuityB.discovery of“dephlogisticated air”;the second on his discoveries of gasesck of theoretical understanding;the second on his lack of trainingD.importance to future science;the second on his status in relation to his contemporariesE.theoretical misconceptions;the second on his success in the face of disadvantage6.It can be inferred that“dephlogisticated air”isI a misnomer,but relating to something importantII a gaseous substance discovered by PriestleyII something not fully understood by PreistleyA.I onlyB.II onlyC.I and IIID.II and IIIE.I,II and III7.The metaphor“scaled the walls of science”conveys the idea that PriestleyA.climbed to the pinnacle of scienceB.fought his way to the topC.escaped the confines of traditional ideasD.achieved success in a difficult endeavorE.clawed his way up against opposition8.The attitude of both the passages to Priestley’s scientific work could be described asA.firm disapprovalB.wholehearted praiseC.qualified approvalD.determined neutralityE.ambivalencePractice Test13Question Your Answer Correct Answer1.A2.C3.B4.D5.E6.E7.D8.C。
(完整版)2013年美赛题目英文和翻译
2013 Contest ProblemsMCM PROBLEMSPROBLEM A: The Ultimate Brownie PanWhen baking in a rectangular pan heat is concentrated in the 4 corners and the product gets overcooked at the corners （and to a lesser extent at the edges). In a round pan the heat is distributed evenly over the entire outer edge and the product is not overcooked at the edges。
However， since most ovens are rectangular in shape using round pans is not efficient with respect to using the space in an oven.Develop a model to show the distribution of heat across the outer edge of a pan for pans of different shapes — rectangular to circular and other shapes in between.Assume1. A width to length ratio of W/L for the oven which is rectangular in shape。
2。
Each pan must have an area of A。
3. Initially two racks in the oven, evenly spaced。
Develop a model that can be used to select the best type of pan (shape） under the following conditions:1。
高中英语真题-2013年5月高三综合试题(二)
高中英语真题:2013年5月高三综合试题（二）英语本试卷共10页，50小题，满分135分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号，试室号，座位号填写在答题卡。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应的位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卷和答题卡一并交回。
I语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In America，drivers education is part of the regular high school curriculum. E very student in his or her second year of high school is required to 1 a class in drivers education.However，unlike other 2 ，it is not given during the 3 school year. Instead it is a summer course. The course is divided up into two parts：class time for learning laws and 4 and driving time to practice driving. Class time is not unlike any other class. The students h ave a 5 from which they study the basic 6 they must know to pass the written driving test that is given to anyone wanting to get a driver’s 7 .Driving time is a chance for the students to get behind the steeri ng wheel and practice start，steering，backing up，parking，switching lanes，turning corners，and all the other operations 8 to drive a car. Each student is re quired to drive a total of six 9 .The students are divided up into groups of four. The students and the instructor go out driving for two-hour blocks of time. Thus，each student gets half an hour driving time per outing. The instr uctor and “driver” sit in 10 seats and the other three students s it in the back.Drivers ED cars are unlike other cars in which they have two se ts of brakes，one on driver side and one on the other side where the 11 sits . Thus，if the student driver should run into 12 ，the instructor can take over. The car also has another 13 featur e. On the top of the car is a sign that 14 ：STUDENT DRIVER. That lets nearby drivers know that they sh ould use extra caution because the student driver is a beginning driver，not very experienced and intended to drive 15 .1. A. give B. takeC. startD. seat【答案】B【解析】在美国高二的学生要求上驾驶课。
2013年SAT真题
2013年SAT真题精选（部分）1、Jason was truly -------, for he squandered a great deal of money with no thought for the future.(A) prescient(B) infallible(C) reticent(D) improvident(E) sedulous2、The 1990`s were ------- years for the organization: the staff seas happy, customers weresatisfied, and profits were excellent.(A) halcyon(B) notorious(C) somnolent(D) capricious(E) expedient3、It is her supremely skillful use of sophisticated laboratory instruments that makes Veronica the------- research technician that she is.(A) susceptible(B) consummate(C) visionary(D) vitriolic(E) doctrinaire4、The critic noted that the ------- tone that characterizes much of the writer`s work stands in starkcontrast to his gentle disposition.(A) benign(B) somber(C) stoic(D) conciliatory(E) strident5、African American poet Lucille Clifton writes in a notably ------- style, achieving great impactin a few unadorned words.(A) incantatory(B) economical(C) disaffected(D) unstinting(E) evenhanded6、The scientist ------- the value of an interdisciplinary approach to environmental studies, arguingsuch an approach was of ------- importance in promoting environmental literacy among students.(A) invoked .. marginal(B) touted .. paramount(C) ignored .. unprecedented(D) disparaged .. unparalleled(E) extolled .. questionable7、Jessica was ------- by Jon`s angry outburst: she literally did not know what to say think, or do.(A) disenchanted(B) peeved(C) assuaged(D) beguiled(E) nonplussed8、The slogan "What goes up must come down" was so universally accepted by economists that itwas considered(A) a conjecture(B) an axiom(C) a fad(D) a testimonial(E) an argument9、Sally, thoroughly convinced of her own importance, often acts without --------: she feels noguilt for example, about appropriating her brother`s possessions.(A) compunction(B) gratification(C) aplomb(D) indignation(E) inducement10、Tchaikovsky’s Nutcracker leaves an ------ impression on audiences: children especiallyremember the dazzling costumes and stirring music.(A) amorphous(B) indelible(C) ineffable(D) innocuous(E) inscrutable。
2013年真题解析资料
–
–
In Chancery(1920)骑虎难下 To let (1921)出租;
②The second trilogy, “A Modern Comedy”:现代喜剧 – The White Monkey(1924)白猿 – The Silver Spoon (1926)银匙 – Swan Song (1928)天鹅曲
→ Major Barbara巴巴拉少校
→ Heartbroken House伤心之家 → The Apple Cart; 苹果车
William Butler Yeats 叶芝 （1865-1939）
Irish writer who is considered among the greatest poets of the 20th century.
The British Isles are made up of two large islandsGreat Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.
不列颠群岛由两个大岛-大不列颠岛 （较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个 小岛组成。
Geographical names:
the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。
Official name:
大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国 (UK)
Geographical features and regions:
The Winding Stair盘旋的楼梯 Sailing to Byzantium 驶向拜占庭 The Tower 塔楼 When you are old
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17.1.5
首先把这个实验桌的面积用 x 表示出来，就是 3x×2+
（2x+3） ·x，然后这个式子等于 18，带入进去可得 x 的值为 1.5。
18.4
题目的意思可以转化成为，50 的正整数约数有几个，所
以一共是有 2、25、5、10 这 4 个。
词汇： Formulate 构想出 petition 祈求
15.A line27-41 讲的是 musicians 对 salsa 这种称谓的态度变 化，也就是 evolution。D 项可能成为错误选项，这与文章主旨相联 系。文章主要讲的是 salsa 的变化，重点不是 musician。而且注意 pay tribute to 的意思是朝贡，赞扬。很明显作者没有这种情感。 词汇： Anecdote 秘史 virtuoso 艺术大师 simultaneous 同时发 生的 digression 离题
Section 5 1.D 这里的考点是固定搭配和平行结构，前面是 not only as， 所以后面对应的应该是 but also as，即是 D 选项。
2.C
首先这里考到了逻辑主语，发出 hope 这个动作的只能是
人，所以排除 D 和 E 选项。而 A 和 B 选项都缺谓语，所以答案是 C 选 项。
是 commonest。
13.C 这句话缺谓语动词，indicating 应该改成 indicates。
14.C 这里有考到固定搭配，opposite 后面的介词一般是 to。
15.B
这里考的是倒装句的主谓一致，逗号后这部分的主语是
ornaments，所以 was 要改成 were。
16.D 这里考的是时态， 从 yesterday、 heard、 was 和 expressed 这些词可以看出应该是过去时，所以这里要改成 began。
21.A
对 irony 的 解 释 就 在 原 文 中 ： A 中 results 对 应 8
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sumptuous volumes published。Lavishly showcased 对应 paid for by JP Morgan。词汇： straiten 使穷困 criteria 标准 lavishly 非常大方地
7.D
这里考到了句子间的逻辑，前后两部分对于那些传播媒介
的看法是相反的，所以用 although 很清晰地表达出来，答案是 D 选 项。
8.B 这里就是考的时态，因为时间是 late 1830s，所以应该用 过去式，直接选择 B 选项。
9.D 这里的考点也是逻辑主语， 能发出 unable 这个动作的也只 能是人，所以直接选择 D 选项。
19.E 对文段进行归纳可以得知： 这些是讲 Hatcher 在专注科学 之前的生活状态， 对应 E。 词汇： versatility 多才多艺 exemplary 典型的
20.C 文章说 hatcher 所有的经费都是自己掏钱， 所以是一种奉 献。请大家注意区分奉献与慷慨的概念。不要误选 B。词汇： dedication 奉献
22.E 这句话就是对其他 scientist 的激励，对应 exhortation 相 当 于 urge 。 词 汇 ： speculation 思 考 paradox 悖论 exhortation 敦促 retraction 收 回
23.B 这句话是倒装句 所以理解起来比较困难。 中心意思是说： Hatcher 自己得到这种支持比 Morgan 后来的捐赠要好的多。这就对 应 B 项 ， 因 为 对 Hatcher 的 支 持 实 质 上 是 在 初 期 阶 段 ， 也 就 是 uncertain 的时候。词汇： impede 阻碍
10.B 首先 but 是连词，后面应该接完整句，所以排除 E 选项。 而 begin 后面应该搭配 to do 不定式， 也可以排除 A 和 D 选项。 begin 后面跟的有 compose 和 serve 这两个动词，且用 and 连接，所以这里 又考到了平行结构，所以答案是 B 选项。
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assiduousness 勤 奋
diffidence 缺乏自信 obduracy 冷酷无情
3 本文章由尚友原创或整理
6.B
短文对动物肤色不同提出了两种解释方法，所以选择
competing explanations。词汇： critique 批判
7.A 定位至 line 11， pale fur reflects light 出现在沙漠 中，所以有利于 stay cool。词汇： stalk 追踪
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12.B 寻找相似点的题目， 文中的 musicians 与一种新的乐风有 关系并努力发展这种 genre，却不知道他们的 genre 叫做 salsa，与 B 对应，B 中的 painters share novel techniques 与 innovate 对 应，particular style 与 salsa 对应。词汇： regimen 养生之道
11.C 首先这句话里， 逗号前面的部分是同位语， 修饰的是主语。 看到前面描述的是 a town，所以能做主语的只能是 Banff，排除 A、 B 和 E 选项。而 D 选项不能构成完整句，所以最后选择 C 选项。
12.B
这里考的是形容词最高级的形式，common 的最高级应该
24.E 这个题目联系后面的文字， 说在研究初期也要给 funding， 说明作者认为无论结果是什么，都要值得一试。这与 E 恰恰相反。 词 汇： undue 过度的
Section 3 15.120 根据题目可知，四人桌和六人桌的数量是相同的，但六 人桌需要两张桌子拼成， 所以四人桌和六人桌分别需要的单张桌子的 数量是 12 和 24，总人数就是 12×4+24÷2×6=120。
17.B
主旨题 可以用排除法。作者文章的重点在 research
funding 上，所以排ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ ADE。但是文章中并没有出现明确的寻求 funding 的 方 法 ， 所 以 只 能 选 择 B 。 词 汇 ： philanthropist 慈善家 decry 谴 责
18.C line5-8 是对比 the haves 和 the have-nots 的状态， 并 不存在任何个人情感，态度中立。词汇： bewilder 使迷惑
13.D
代入法，看哪个单词最符合原文意思。原文中说 urban
legend 值 得 思 考 因 为 他 们 有 一 种 ------ 新 的 风 格 的 能 力 ， characterise 最贴切。词汇： flaunt 夸耀 edify 开导 apprise 告知 divulge 泄露
14.C
代入法。Salsa 被 ISana -----一种方式。Use 最贴切。
选择 collaborate。词汇：Contend 争 论
circumvent 避免 规避 oust 驱逐 imitate 模仿。
3.A
做这个题目要认识 reserved 矜持的 thin-skinned 敏感
的，根据 despite 和 neither 两个转折，取同义词：guarded 与 hypersensitive。Vigilant 警觉的 solicitous 挂念的 reticent taciturn 沉默寡言的 garrulous 话多的
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Section2 1.A 通过 ongoing loss of habitat 确定选择 threatened，
受到威胁。 词汇：Mongolian 蒙古人 gazelle 瞪羚 herbivore 食 草动物
2.B
根据逻辑推断这些 communities 是与人类学家合作，所以 fraternize 与...结识
4.E call forth 与 evocation 同意互换。 词汇：ingratiation 逢迎 hyperbole <语>夸张法 polemic 争论 predilection 偏爱
evocation 唤出
5.E
stuck with 坚 持 与 obduracy 同 意 互 换 。 词 汇 ： fulsomeness 虚 情 bellicosity 好 战
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5.A 首先 effort 后面搭配的介词应该是 to，可以排除 B、C 和 E 选项。而 D 选项缺连词，所以答案是 A 选项。
6.E 这里考的是修饰歧义。in a yellow helmet 应该修饰的是 contractor，但却被放在 building 后面，所以应该提前，答案是 E 选项。
8.E 定位到 line4 5 by accepting the job...I had snatched my security。 得到安全感，并且前文中 sold out 暗示作者没有钱。 与 E 对应。词汇： squelch 压制
9.E had not played square 与 no good soothing 等否定词表 示作者对卖掉画的后悔。词汇： reverent 恭敬的 傲慢的 condescending
17.C 这里 it 的指代单复数有问题，原句想说的是 computers， 所以应该用 they。
3.D 这道题从选项下手比较容易。B 选项 but 后面为非完整句， C 选项中的 despite 是介词不是连词，E 选项缺连词，所以这三个选 项排除。而 A 选项使用被动语态，比较起来 D 选项的主动更好，所以 最后选择 D 选项。
4.E 这题也是直接看到选项。A 和 B 选项中的 they 没有指代对 象， C 和 D 选项都不能使句子成为完整句， 所以答案是 E， 这里用 dreams 替代了 they。