英语语法中非谓语动词知识讲解(人教版)
2023年人教版英语九年级中考复习语法之非谓语动词(动名词、分词)讲义
人教版英语九年级复习之非谓语动词（动名词、分词）非谓语动词是指在句中充当除谓语以外的其他句子成分的动词形式，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等，在句中起名词、形容词、副词的作用。
非谓语动词包含三种形式：动词不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。
考点一：动名词动名词，即动词-ing形式动词的-ing形式由“动词原形+-ing”构成，其否定形式为“not+动词的-ing形式”。
动词的-ing形式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语等。
1、作主语动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，大多数情况下可以和不定式互换Watching TV too much is a waste of time. = To watch TV too much is a waste of time.看电视太久是在浪费时间。
典型例题：1._________ an English club ______ a good way to improve English.A.Joining; isB. Join; areC. To join; isD. Joins; are2. ________ lots of vegetables ________ good for our health.A. Eating; isB. Eat; areC. To eat; isD. Eats; are参考答案：1.A 2. A2、作宾语。
(1).在初中阶段我们需要掌握的后跟动词-ing形式作宾语的词语有dislike, consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, keep, mind, practice, suggest, give up, put off, keep on, be busy, have fun, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be \get used to, look forward to, feel like, thanks for等。
非谓语动词用法讲解
非谓语动词用法讲解一、非谓语动词种类及句法功能（一）概述：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）。
1．非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有：（1）都有主动与被动, 都有时态（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。
例如：He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态）He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式）We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时）Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式）（2）都可以有逻辑主语,但是逻辑主语不一定相同。
They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语）The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语）We are League members.（谓语动词的主语）We being League member, the work was well done.（现在分词的逻辑主语）2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：（1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
To finish our work on hands is our first issue .My job today is to look after the baby .I like eating apples .（2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
人教版高三英语语法专题讲解--非谓语动词
语法专项训练(九)——非谓语动词
He wept to hear the news.
听到那消息后他哭了. 表原因)
【注意】 作目的状语时, 不定式表
示的动作在谓语动作之后发生；作
原因状语时, 不定式表示的动作在谓
语动作之前发生.
语法专项训练(九)——非谓语动词
6．作补语 接不定式作宾补的动词常见的有:
语法专项训练(九)——非谓语动词
begin, start, learn, pretend, ask, promise, plan, intend, refuse等.
I wish to see you soon.
我希望能早日见到你.
(2)可用疑问代词或疑问副词what,
which, whom, where, when, how加不
advise, allow, permit, ask, beg,
persuade, want, order, encourage,
force, get, invite, expect, teach, wish,
warn等.
I’ll try to get her to see the doctor.
我会尽力让她去看医生.
语法专项训练(九)——非谓语动词
【注意】
感官动词和使役动词后作宾补的不定
式要省to, 但当句子为被动语态时, 则
不能省to. 这类词有: 一感(feel), 二听
(hear, listen to), 三让(let, have, make),
五看(see, watch, notice, observe, look at).
语法专项训练(九)——非谓语动词
They knew her very well.They had
高中英语高考复习非谓语动词知识讲解
高考英语非谓语动词知识讲解一、概念非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。
从这个定义来看，简单来说，非谓语动词就是不是谓语的动词。
这听起来像是废话，但是我们必须有明确什么是谓语动词，在前面，我们已经说清楚了。
句子只能有一个谓语动词，那么其余的动词都是非谓语动词。
谓语动词就好比皇帝，非谓语动词，就相当于他身边的奴才。
这么一说，我们就很好理解了。
一般来说，非谓语动词通常有以下三种形式：二、三种形式（一）动名词（doing）动名词指的是动词ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词（即非谓语动词）。
它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰，动名词有时态和语态的变化。
动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语，但是不能充当状语。
从上面的定义中，我们可以很清楚知道动名词，顾名思义就是兼有动词和名词两种词性的作用。
在小学和中学的课程中，我们学习动名词做主语这个语法现象比较普遍。
大部分人也是从这个时候开始知道有动名词这个概念。
那么动名词究竟是动词，还是名词?前面已经说过，它是非谓语动词的一种形式，只不过他有动词和名词两种词性的作用。
故它是动词。
那么他竟然是动词自然有动词的性质，而且它可以充当名词有名词的作用，那么名词的作用，它也都有，它可以在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语和定语。
也就是名词能干的事，它也能干。
（二）不定式（to do）动词不定式，为非谓语动词。
在英语语法中，动词不定式是指动词中的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的一种形式。
它之所以被称做不定式，是因为动词不被限定，或者说不被词性变化所局限。
不定式属于非谓语动词形式。
根据国外和国内语法学家的研究，所谓不定式，其作用就是相当于情态动词加动词原形的形式。
为什么要这样说呢？因为他们都有相同的特征，以下：第一，原形can/may/could/would do sth.= to do sth.第二，都可表示不确定语气。
初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词
初中英语语法讲解——非谓语动词非谓语动词在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）。
1）不定式a. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。
例如：2. worth 的用法worth, worthy, worthwhile都是形容词，意为"值得"。
1) worth：be worth + n.当名词为金钱时，表示"…… 值得……"常见的有It ’s worth while to do./ It ’s worth（someone’s）while doingbe worth doing sth."……某事值得被做"The question is not worth discussing again and again. 这问题不值得反复讨论。
2) worthy：be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"be worthy to be done "某事值得被做"The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again.3) worthwhile：be worthwhile to do sth"值得做某事"It is worthwhile to ask him to join the club.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。
典型例题It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.A. worthB. worthyC. worthwhileD. worth while答案C. 由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组be worthwhile to do sth.。
选C。
动词不定式动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。
高一英语语法知识—非谓语动词人教版知识精讲
高一英语语法知识—非谓语动词人教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：语法知识——非谓语动词二. 教学目标初步掌握非谓语的根本结构与用法三. 教学重难点掌握非谓语所能够充当的句子成分〔一〕非谓语的分类以与各自在句子中所能充当的成分。
非谓语分为不定式，动名词，现在分词和过去分词。
〔动名词和现在分词形式一样〕以下表格表示的是它们各自所能充当的成分：，to have been done〕〔1〕不定式在句子中做主语。
如：To be spoken highly of is his aim.To go there in time is his most important task now.It is his most important task to go there in time.It is a great joy to play football.When to start is the question.〔2〕不定式在句子中做宾语。
〔以“to do〞做宾语的动词主要有：ask，want，wish，hope，expect，help，refuse，learn，demand，dare，choose，arrange，decide，agree，promise，plan，offer，manage，pretend，prepare，fail，determine，long，seem等〕如：They pretended to have finished their work.He had planned to finish it in time.They thought it necessary to go to church every weekend.We find it good to have a walk every day.They don’t now where to go.〔3〕不定式在句子中做表语。
如：His dream is to be taught by that famous professor.The only thing he wants to do now is to study hard.His aim is to get the first place in the game.The question is which one to choose.〔4〕不定式在句子中做状语。
初中英语时态学习之非谓语动词的重点
初中英语时态学习之非谓语动词的重点非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
其中，每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。
具体如下：非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它包括动名词、现在分词、过去分词和不定式等。
在句子中，非谓语动词通常不是谓语动词，而是作为主语、宾语、定语或状语等成分出现。
非谓语动词的四种形式如下:不定式:to+动词原形(表示目的)+其他成分(如主语、宾语、定语等)。
例如:I want to go to the movies.(我想去看电影)动名词:动名词是由动词变化而来，可以表示一种动作或状态。
动名词可以作为主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分出现。
例如:I enjoy playing soccer.(我喜欢踢足球)现在分词:现在分词是由动词变化而来，可以表示正在进行的动作。
现在分词可以作为主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分出现。
例如:She is studying for her exam.(她在为考试学习)过去分词:过去分词是由动词变化而来，可以表示已经完成的动作。
过去分词可以作为主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分出现。
例如:He has finished his homework.(他已经做完了作业)需要注意的是，每种形式的子形式也不同。
例如，不定式的完成时态为to have done,动名词的完成时态为had done,现在分词的完成时态为had been doing,过去分词的完成时态为had been done。
因此，在使用时需要根据具体情况选择相应的形式。
非谓语动词的语法非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外，其它所有成分都可以做。
具体如下。
1. 不定式：做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。
不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式，它通常由to+动词原形构成。
高中英语语法非谓语动词详细讲解课件
Getting up early is good habit.
To get up early this morning made me sleepy.
②动名词短语作主语时，常将一些较长的动名词短语置于句尾， 而用it 作形式主语，常用句型有：
no use/good uesful/useless It is/was+ of little use/good +doing sth. a waste of time worth It's no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 It's waste of time arguing with such a person. It's worth making an appointment before you go.
4. 动名词作定语
动名词作定语的情况并不普遍，一般只限于单个的动名词作名词
的定语，表示所修饰名词的用途或功能，在意义上相当于“名词
+for+ doing”。
swimming pool 游泳池
reading material 阅读材料
walking stick 手杖
opening speech 开幕词
2. 动名词作宾语
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2) 作表语 1. The most urgent problem they are facing nowC is ___ to get prepared for the contest. A. make their effort B. to their every effort C. to make their effort D. make their effort 2. Several prominent scientists who B before participated in the space program ___ the welcome reception this evening. A. are appearing B. are to appear C. appears D. will be appearing
B on vinegar and 4. Byron is said ___ potatoes. A. to be living B. to have lived C. live D. to living D 5. A man in a red coat was noticed ___ the bank before the robbery. A. entering B. enter C. entered D. to eect + infinitive • 这些动词一般是: • Advise, allow, ask, believe, command, compel, consider, declare, discover, encourage, forbid, force, get, have, urge, require etc
动词find与help之后,不定式可带 to也可不带 eg. He was surprised to find the sheep (to) break fence at this season. Help me ( to ) get him to bed. Practice 1.The wounded soldier had the A message________ straight to army commander. A) sent B) to send C) to be sent D) being sent
1. Even though the children pretended C ____, the nurse were not decided when they came into the room. A. asleep B. to asleep C. to be asleep D. sleeping C 2. The problem of ____ to select as his successor was quickly disposed of. A. what B. which C. whom D. how
2. The children were surprised when the teacher had them ____ D their books unexpectedly. A. closed B. to close C. closing D. close 3. Mr. Delay forbade ____ A . A. his son to go swimming B. his son from going swimming C. his son of going swimming D. his son goes swimming
• Practice • 1. It took him several months ____ the wild horse. • A. to tend B. to tame • C. to cultivate D. to breed • 2. ___ only five minutes to finish the job. • A. It took myself B. It took me • C. It required D. It needed me •
4) 作定语
不定式与其所修饰的词可能是主谓关系.如: The next train to arrive was from New York. He was always the first to come and the last to leave the office. 不定式与其所修饰的词可能是动宾关系.这是 通常的反射不定式.如: It was a game to remember. He has too many things to do. I have nothing to say on this question.
状语
√
宾补
√
√
√
不定式： 1） 作主语 Eg. 1) To see is to believe. 2) To err is human 3) It always pays to tell the truth. 4) It’s been a pleasure to be able to help you.
反射不定式也可以是”不定式+介词”结构,介 词一般不可以省略.判断标准是:不定式短语 与相关的名词或代词相加是否完整. Eg. They had no house to live in. • Will you please give me a pen to write with? • Give me some paper to write on. • There are some things to be grateful for. • This is a comfortable chair to sit on.
3. After the great blizzard of 1888 in the C northeastern United States, it took some ___ the snow away from their homes. A. days to shovel people several B. several days people to shovel C. people several days to shovel D. people to shovel several days A 4. Delay told me that it was not difficult ___. A. for him to be on time B. for him being on time C. being on time for him D. on time for him
下列结构中不定式皆表结果, 如so…as to…, such…as to…, enough…to , only to…, too…to eg. His indifference is such as to make one despair. He has enough money to spare. The tea is too hot to drink. He is too young to dress himself.
• • • •
• • • •
5).作宾补 Eg. What decided him to give up his job? I’ll leave you to attend the matter. 有一些动词后的宾补常是to be, 这样的动词 有believe, consider, declare, find, imagine, know, prove, suppose, feel, think, understand 等. Eg. I know this to be a fact. They all felt the plan to be unwise. We believe her to be innocent. I consider him to be crazy.
B) 表结果. 不定式作结果状语,其动作发生在谓 语动词动作之后, 表示出乎预料或不好的结 果.
eg.1. He lifted a heavy stone only to drop it on his own feet. 2. What have I done to make you so angry? 3. In 1935 he left home never to return.
Practice C causes Americans to be 1. The pressure ____ energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain. A. competing B. to be competed C. to compete D. to have competed 2. I have got a loaf of bread; now I’m looking A for a knife ___. A. to cut it with B. with it to cut C. to cut with it D. it to cut with
非谓语动词
非谓语动词：在句子中不能单独做谓语
不定式 (infinitive) 非谓语动词 动名词 (gerund) 现在分词(present participle) 分词 过去分词(past participle)
非谓语动词的语法作用
主语
不定式 动名词 分 词 √ √
宾语
√ √
表语
√ √ √
定语
√ √ √
有一些感觉动词如feel, see, hear, watch, notice等 和一些使役动词如make, let, have 等用做宾补 的不定式通常不带to.
eg. I saw him come. I heard him sing. We felt the house shake. Let him do it. They made the boy go to bed early.