花冠install securty
黑翼飞行模拟器用户手册说明书
IntroductionThe Blackwing BW 635RG is an ultralight two-seater aeroplane designed for recreational flying and training purposes. It features a sleek and modern design, with a composite airframe and a low-wing configuration. The Blackwing has a cruising speed of up to 120 knots and a range of approximately 700 nautical miles, making it suitable for both short and long-distance flights. The cockpit is equipped with state-of-the-art avionics, including a glass cockpit display and an autopilot system. The Blackwing is also known for its superior handling and stability, making it a popular choice among flying enthusiasts and flight schools. The BW 635RG is powered by the venerable Rotax 915 iS engine.Development Credits:Mal Cartwright Product LeadRuss White3D Modelling, Interior and Exterior TexturingJack Lavigne IntegrationHarry Stringer AnimationPropAir Flight Model and SystemsJordan Gough ManualWith special thanks to our Beta Testers:Rob Abernathy John BurgessNick Cooper John DowMatt McGee Darryl WightmanTable of ContentsIntroduction (2)Development Credits: (2)With special thanks to our Beta Testers: (2)Table of Contents (3)Notes on Hardware (4)Overview (5)Aircraft Limitations (6)Airspeed Limitations (6)Engine Limitations (6)Operating Conditions (6)Fuel (7)Other Limitations (7)Emergency Procedures (8)Engine Failure on the Take-off Roll (8)Engine Failure after Take-off (8)Glide Performance (8)Emergency Landing (9)Spin Recovery (9)Normal Procedures (10)Before Starting Engine (10)Starting Engine (10)Before Taxiing (11)Taxiing (11)Engine Runup (11)Before Take-off (11)Take-Off (12)Initial Climb (12)Cruise Climb (12)Cruise (12)Landing (13)Balked Landing (13)After Landing (13)Securing Aircraft (14)Basic Performance (15)Stall Speeds (15)Take-Off Performance (15)Landing Performance (16)Systems Description (17)Instrument Panel Layout (17)Switch Logic and Electrical System (18)Master Switch (18)Fuel Pump Switch (19)LAND/TAXI Switch (19)Strobe/Nav Switch (19)Electrical System Diagram (20)Engine (21)Propeller (21)Fuel (21)Notes on HardwareDue to the unusual 3-position switches in this aircraft, conventional hardware 2position toggle switches (eg. strobe or nav light switches) cannot be translated tothe single 3-position switch which combine these.Additionally, as this aircraft utilises a single level power control (throttle), conventional throttle/prop/mixture hardware may interfere with the function of this system, and not work as intended. It is recommended to place your propeller and mixture levers in the IDLE position, and not move them while the engine is running.OverviewThe Orbx BW 635RG has been developed using official documentation and Computer Aided Design (CAD) resources from Blackwing Sweden. As a result, the aeroplane has been created through masterful modelling, texturing, systems integration, and flight model development.Figure 1 – Aircraft 3-viewAircraft DimensionsLength 6.6m Height 2.2m Wingspan8.4mWeightsBasic Empty Weight 375kg Maximum Take-off Weight 600kg Maximum Fuel Capacity (Litres)130LThe content in this manual and the operation of the BW 635RG in Microsoft Flight Simulator strictly must not be used as reference material in any form for operating the real aircraft.Aircraft LimitationsAirspeed LimitationsAirspeed Description Airspeed (KIAS) RemarksVne Never Exceed Speed 157 Must not exceed this speed in any operation.Va Manoeuvring Speed 109 If full or abrupt control deflection is made, the airframe may be overstressed.Vfe1 Max flap extended speed20 degrees90 Maximum speed for flaps 20°Vfe2 Max flap extended speed35-45 degrees 70 Maximum speed for flaps 35-45°Vlo Maximum landing gearoperating speed 70Do not extended or retract the landing gearabove this speed.Vle Maximum landing gear extended speed 90 Do not exceed this speed with the landing gearalready down.Vs0 Stall speed flaps/gearextended 38 Stall speed with gear down/flaps >0° and in level flight at MTOWVs1 Stall speed clean 49 Stall speed flaps retracted, gear up and in level flight at MTOWEngine LimitationsEngineEngine Manufacturer Rotax Engine Model Rotax 915 iSMaximum Power Take-off (Max 5 min.) 141 hp Continuous 135 hpMaximum RPM Take-off (Max 5 min.) 5800 Continuous 5500Critical Altitude 15000ft AMSL Maximum OperatingAltitude23000ft AMSL Operating ConditionsAerobatic manoeuvres, flight in IFR conditionsand flights in icing conditions are prohibited inthis aircraft.FuelFuel TanksLeft Right Litres US Gal Litres US GalTotal Fuel in Tank 67.5 17.8 62.5 16.5Unusable Fuel 2.5 0.7 2.5 0.7 Total Useable Fuel in Tanks 66.5 17.6 61.5 16.2Other LimitationsMaximum demonstrated crosswind for the BW 635RG is 20 knots.Emergency ProceduresNote: The following procedures have been modified to be suitable for simulation. It does not cover emergencies that are a) not simulated and b) not reasonable. Checklist items from the real procedures have been omitted and these procedures must not under any circumstances be used for training purposes.Engine Failure on the Take-off RollThrottle: IDLEIgnition: OFFFuel Pump: MAIN (DOWN POS)Brakes: APPLYWhen stopped: SECURE AIRCRAFTEngine Failure after Take-offNose: IMMEDIATELY LOWERAirspeed: 65 KNOTSLanding Area: DETERMINE WITHIN 30° OF NOSEFlaps: USE AS REQUIREDLanding Gear: USE DESCRETIONFuel Selector: OFFIgnition: OFFMaster Switch: OFFGlide PerformanceThe BW 635RG, the approximate performance for a glide is 65 KIAS which willgive approximately a 545ft/min rate of descent in the clean configuration.Glide performance will degrade significantly on extension of flaps and landinggear.Emergency LandingAirspeed: 65 KIASField: PICK BEST OPTIONLanding Gear: USE DISCRETION DEPENDING ON FIELD TYPEFlaps: AS REQUIREDFuel Selector: OFFIgnition: OFFFuel Pump: MAIN (down)Master Switch: OFF BEFORE LANDINGSpin RecoveryThrottle: IDLEControl Stick: AILERON NEUTRALRudder: FULL OPPOSITE TO DIRECTION OF ROTATIONControl Stick: POSITIVELY FORWARD OF NEUTRALRudder: NEUTRAL WHEN ROTATION STOPSControl Stick: SMOOTHLY PULL OUT OF DIVEWARNING:INTENTIONAL SPINS ARE NOT APPROVED INTHIS AIRCRAFT.Normal ProceduresNote: The pre-flight inspection portion of the normal procedures has been removed due to impracticality in the simulator.Before Starting EngineIgnition: OFFMaster Switch: OFF (down)Backup Battery: OFF/AUTO (down)Landing Gear Lever: DOWNCircuit Breakers: INCanopy CLOSED (CLICKING THE LATCHON THE INSIDE LEFT SIDEWALL.) Starting EngineParking Brake: HOLD TOE BRAKES AND ENGAGE PARKINGBRAKEMaster Switch: ENGINE START (middle position)Fuel Selector: SETFuel Gauge: CHECKFuel Pump: BOTH (up)Ignition: BOTHNav Lights: STROBE (middle position)Throttle: SET ½-1 INCH OPENIgnition: STARTOil Pressure: GREEN WITHIN 10 SECWarnings: NONEBefore TaxiingMaster Switch: NORMAL OPERATION (up)Altimeter: SETAvionics: SETParking Brake: DISENGAGETaxiingInstruments: CHECKED (COMPASS/HSI/BALL/ATT) Engine RunupParking Brake: ENGAGERPM: 2500 RPMFuel Pump: CYCLE, CHECK FUEL PRESSUREIdle: CHECK IDLE 1800 +/- 100 RPM Before Take-offCanopy: CLOSED AND LOCKEDFlaps: 1 STAGE (20°)Elevator Trim: SET FOR TAKE-OFFEngine Instruments: NORMALLanding Light: ON (up)Controls: FULL FREE AND CORRECT MOVEMENTParking Brake: DISENGAGETake-OffThrottle: FULLControls: NEUTRAL45 Knots: ROTATEAccelerate: NOSE ON HORIZON, ACCEL TO 80 KIASPositive Rate of Climb: GEAR UPLanding Light: OFF (down)Flaps: RETRACT ABOVE 500’ AGLInitial ClimbThrottle: MAX CONTINUOUS (5500 RPM)Airspeed: 90 KIASFuel Pump: MAIN (down) ABOVE 500’ AGL Cruise ClimbThrottle: MAX CONTINUOUS (5500 RPM)Airspeed: 130 KIASCruiseThrottle: 55-75% PowerAirspeed: 120-157 KIAS (<130 KIAS IN TURB)LandingFuel: QTY CHECKEDFuel Selector: FULLEST TANKFuel Pump: BOTH (up position)Airspeed: 90 KIASFlaps: EXTEND FLAP 1 <90 KIASDownwind Airspeed: 65 KIASLanding Gear: DOWN @ 65 KIAS; CHECK 3 GREENLanding Light: ON (up position)Base Leg: EXTEND FLAP 2 < 65 KIASFinal Approach Airspeed: 60 KIASBalked LandingThrottle: SMOOTHLY INCREASEAirspeed: 60 KIASTrim: COURSE TRIM TO RELIEVE PRESSUREFlaps: RETRACT TO POSITION 1 (20°)Gear: UPTrim: TRIM FOR CLIMBAfter LandingFlaps: RETRACTExterior Lights: AS REQ’DFuel Pump: MAIN (down)Securing AircraftParking Brake: ENGAGEDThrottle: IDLESwitches: ALL OFF EXCEPT ACL AND MASTERIgnition: OFFNav Lights: OFF (down)Master Switch: OFFBasic PerformanceStall SpeedsMTOW 600kg | CG 32% MAC | Power Idle | Level FlightFlap Position Stall Speed (KIAS) 0° 49 20° 44 35° 39 45°38Take-Off PerformanceMTOW | ISA CONDITIONS | SEA LEVEL | FLAPS 1 (20°) | MTOW (600kg)Cruise PerformanceRunway Surface Ground RollOver 50ft Obstacleft mft mPaved Runway328 100 656 200 Unpaved (Grass) Runway 361110689208Pressure Altitude Power (%) TAS Fuel Flow LPH MAP (inHg) Endurance(hr)Range (nm) 500055 161 19.7 30 5.8 941 65 170 23.3 34.1 4.9 827 7517826.937.44.1738Landing PerformanceMTOW | ISA CONDITIONS | FLAPS 2 (35°) | MTOW (600kg) | Speed 1.3 x VsoRunway Surface Ground Roll Over 50ft Obstacle ft m ft mPaved Runway 525 160 951 290 Unpaved (Grass) Runway 558 170 984 300Systems Description Instrument Panel LayoutSwitch Logic and Electrical SystemThe electrical switches in the BW 635RG are 3-position switches. These are generally known as “DOWN”, “MIDDLE” and “UP”. They are briefly explained below.Master SwitchThe MASTER switch functions in a unique way, with the following switch logic:1.When the MASTER switch is DOWN, all battery power is off. There will beno electrical power provided to the aircraft.•Note: The engine CANNOT be shut down when the master switch isoff. Electrical power must be present for the engine to turn off.2.When the MASTER switch is in the MIDDLE (Engine Start) position, limitedsystem functionality will be present. The backup battery will be activatedand power the following systems:•Primary Flight Display•Compass•AHRS (Attitude Heading Reference System)•Radio3.When the MASTER switch is UP (Normal Operation), full electrical supplywill be provided to the aircraft. The following systems will be powered on: •Note: the engine CANNOT be started with the MASTER switch in theUP position. If the engine won’t start, check the switch is in theMIDDLE position•Multi-Function Display•Transponder•Autopilot•Audio panel•STBY instruments•Pitot Heat•Main battery is disconnected from running engine. Alternatorprovides power.See Section NORMAL PROCEDURES for positioning of the MASTER switch.Fuel Pump SwitchThe Fuel Pump switch also has some advanced logic to it, due to two fuel pumpsbeing present, however, to put it simply, it operates in the following way:1.In the DOWN position, the main fuel pump is in use.2.In the MIDDLE position, the auxiliary fuel pump is in use.3.In the UP position, both fuel pumps will be on.LAND/TAXI SwitchThe LAND/TAXI switch powers the Taxi and Landing lights. It operates in the following logic:1.In the DOWN position, both lights will be OFF.2.In the MIDDLE position, the taxi light will switch on when the landinggear is extended.3.In the UP position, the Landing Light will switch on when the landinggear is extended.Strobe/Nav SwitchThe Strobe/Nav switch powers the Navigation (Red/Green) and Strobe (flashingwhite) lights. It operates in the following logic:1.In the DOWN position, both lights will be OFF.2.In the MIDDLE position, the STROBE light will be on.3.In the UP position, both the strobe and Nav lights will be on.Electrical System DiagramThe BW 635RG’s electrical system is modelled in the following way in Microsoft Flight Simulator.Because the starter system is connected to the BACKUP BUS, this means you cannot start the engine with the MASTER switch in the UP position, due to the BACKUP BUS being disconnected from the circuit once the MAIN BAT BUS is powered.Page 21 of 21User Guide v1.0 –RevisionEngineThe BW 635RG is powered by the Rotax 915iS. The Rotax 915iS is a four-stroke, four-cylinder, fuel-injected, turbocharged aircraft engine with a maximum power output of141 horsepower. The engine utilizes electronic fuel injection (EFI) technology toprovide precise fuel delivery and improved fuel efficiency. It also features a modernliquid-cooling system and a dual electronic ignition system for reliable performance.The Rotax 915iS engine has a maximum operating RPM of 5,200, with a recommended continuous operation range of 5,000 RPM or less.PropellerThe propeller is a 3-blade wood-composite design, which is hydraulically adjustable for operation at various pitch angles, controlled independently of the pilot. The propeller is linked to the engine through an electronically controlled governor, where RPM isadjusted in accordance with the position of the throttle control. This pitch curve cannot be adjusted in flight, however is designed to ensure maximum performance in allphases of flight.FuelBoth wings have fuel tanks, which are fed to the engine via electric fuel pumps. Fuelsystem information is fed via sensors to the Garmin avionics suite and can be viewedon the displays inside the cockpit.AIRPLANE WEIGHTSBasic Empty Weight……………………….…375 KgMaximum Takeoff Weight…………………..600 KgMaximum Fuel Weight………………………...95 Kg Maximum Landing Weight………………….600 Kg TANK USABLE FUEL LEFT WING TANK67.5 litres 17.8 US Gallons RIGHT WING TANK62.5 litres 16.5 US Gallons TOTAL 130 litres34.3 US GallonsFUEL CAPACITY AIRSPEEDS Never Exceed Speed ……….…………….173 KIAS Max Structural Cruising Speed…………..156 KIAS Maneuvering Speed MTOW……………….109 KIAS Initial Climb………………………………………80 KIASBest Angle Climb……………………………….75 KIASBest Rate of Climb……………………………..90 KIASMax Flap Ext 20°……………………..............90 KIASMax Flap Ext 35-45°……………………………70 KIASMax Landing Gear Operation……………….70 KIASMax Landing Gear Extended………………..90 KIASPlanned Cruise TAS………………………….130 KIASFinal Approach Speed………………………..60 KIAS POWERPLANT LIMITATIONSENGINE LIMITS (RPM)Take-off (5 Minutes)………....5800 RPM Max Continuous……………….5500 RPMALTITUDE LIMITSMaximum Operating Altitude………………23 000ftFor Microsoft Flight Simulator Use Only0-12023 Orbx Simulation Systems Pty. Ltd BW 635RG QUICK REFERENCESHEETIssued: 21 Apr 2023Revised: 21 Apr 20230-2PROCEDURESBEFORE STARTING ENGINEPreflight Inspection………………………….COMPLETECrew Briefing………………………………….COMPLETEIgnition…………………………………………………….OFFMaster Switch…………………………………………..OFFBackup Battery …..…………………………….OFF/AUTOLanding Gear Lever………………………………..DOWNCircuit Breakers…………………………………………..IN Canopy………………………………………………CLOSED STARTING ENGINEArea……………………………………………………..CLEARParking Brake……………….HOLD TOE BRAKES ANDENGAGEMaster Switch …..……………….ENGINE START (MID)Fuel Selector…………………………………………….SETFuel Pump………………………………………BOTH (UP)Ignition………………………………………………….BOTHExternal Lights……………………………………..AS REQThrottle ………………………..………..Τ12-1 INCH OPENIgnition………………………………………………….START AFTER START Oil Pressure.…………………………………………RISING Master Switch ……………………………..NORMAL (UP)Radios………………………………………………………SET Altimeter…………………………………………………..SET ATIS and Clearance…………………………..OBTAINEDBEFORE TAXIBrakes/Park Brake ………………………….DISENGAGEFlight Instruments……………………………..CHECKEDCompass…………………………………………CHECKED BEFORE TAKEOFFCanopy/Harnesses………………………………SECURE Flaps…………………………………….……1 STAGE (20°)Trim ..……………………………………SET FOR TAKEOFF Flight Instruments………………………………………SET Engine Instruments………………CHECKED NORMAL Avionics…………………………………………………….SET External Lights………………………………………AS REQ Flight Controls…………..FULL, FREE AND CORRECT Takeoff Safety Brief………………………….DELIVERED TAKEOFFBrakes/Park Brake………………………….DISENGAGEPower…………SMOOTHLY INCREASE TO MAXIMUM45 knots………………………………………………ROTATEAccelerate……….…NOSE ON HORIZON, TO 80 KTSPositive Rate of Climb………………………….GEAR UPLanding Light.……………………………….OFF (DOWN)Flaps ………………………..RETRACT ABOVE 500’ AGLMEMORY ITEMS 2023 Orbx Simulation Systems Pty. Ltd ENGINE RUN UP Parking Brake ……………………………………..ENGAGE Engine Instruments……………………………CHECKED Engine RPM…………………………………SET 2500 RPM Fuel Pump…………………………………………….CYCLE Idle …………………..…..CHECK IDLE 1800 ±100RPM Navigation Equipment …..…………………………….SETFor Microsoft Flight Simulator Use OnlyIssued: 21 Apr 2023Revised: 21 Apr 2023AFTER TAKEOFF Engine Instruments……………………..WITHIN LIMITS Climb Speed…………………………………………90 KIAS Fuel Pump………….MAIN (DOWN ) ABOVE 500’ AGL0-3CRUISEPower….……………………………………….SET 55-75%Airspeed…..……….120-157KTS (<130KTS IN TURB.)DESCENTAltimeter…………………………………………………..SETFuel Selector………………………………FULLEST TANKPower Lever………………….AS REQUIRED FOR RODApproach Brief………………………………PLETE BEFORE LANDINGBrakes……………………………………………………..OFFFuel ………….………………………………QTY CHECKEDFuel Selector………………………………FULLEST TANK Fuel Pump……….………………………………BOTH (UP)LANDINGDOWNWINDAirspeed….………………………………………….90 KIASFlaps….………………………………………STAGE 1 (20°)Airspeed………….………………………………….65 KIASLanding Gear…..…………………….DOWN @ 65 KIASCHECK 3 GREENLanding Light………………………………………ON (UP)BASEFlaps…………………………… STAGE 2 (35°) < 65 KIASFINALAirspeed………….………………………………….60 KIASTouchdown ……………………….MAIN WHEELS FIRSTStick………………………………………………FULL BACK Brakes…………………………………………………..APPLYAFTER LANDING Flaps………………………………………………..RETRACT Landing Lights…………………………………………..OFFFuel Pump….………………………………MAIN (DOWN)SHUTDOWNParking Brake ……………………………………..ENGAGE Throttle……………………………………………………IDLE Switches….………………………….OFF EXCL. MASTERIgnition..…………………………………………………..OFFLights….……………………………………….OFF (DOWN)Master Switch..……………………………..OFF (DOWN)MEMORY ITEMS 2023 Orbx Simulation Systems Pty. Ltd For Microsoft Flight Simulator Use OnlyPROCEDURESIssued: 21 Apr 2023Revised: 21 Apr 2023。
丰田花冠轿车中控_遥控门锁及车身防盗系统电路与故障分析
丰田花冠轿车中控_遥控门锁及车身防盗系统电路与故障分析丰田花冠轿车中控 / 遥控门锁及车身防盗系统电路不故障分析程丽群，南京交通职业技术学院，摘要丰田花冠轿车车身防盗系统是在中控门锁系统上安装的,在实际使用过程中,丰田花冠轿车中控 / 遥控门锁及防盗系统电路故障率较高。
本文全面介绍了丰田花冠轿车中控 / 遥控门锁及防盗系统电路组成及工作原理,在此基础上分析了系统常见故障及原因,以便为维修人员提供参考。
关键词:丰田花冠中控门锁遥控及防盗系统电路分析故障分析一汽丰田花冠轿车配备了遥控门锁系统,并能用遥控器设定车身防盗系统。
遥控门锁系统是在中控门锁系统的基础上加装了遥控器及门锁接收器,车身防盗系统是在遥控门锁系统的基础上加装了防盗 ECU 及防盗报警装置。
要解决系统的电路故障,首先要掌握系统的组成及电路原理。
1 花冠轿车中控 / 遥控门锁及车身防盗系统的组成一汽丰田花冠轿车中控/ 遥控门锁车身防盗系统主要由输入信号、门锁集成继电器、门锁总成、防盗 ECU、防盗指示灯、防盗报警装置、防盗继电器组成。
系统布置如图 1 所示。
1.1 主要输入信号主要输入信号有驾驶员提供的锁定/ 解锁信号，遥控器、门锁控制开关、钥匙操纵开关，、满足防盗图 1 丰田花冠轿车中控/ 遥控门锁车身防盗系统组成设定条件的开关信号，钥匙未锁警告开关、门控灯开关、収动机室罩盖控制开关、行李箱室灯开关、点遥控器长期电量不足时,遥控功能将消失,需要对火开关位置开关，以及车速信号、。
遥控器进行设定。
1.1.1 遥控器遥控器主要由锂电池按钮开、1.1.2门锁控制开关关高频振荡电、门锁控制开关在驾驶员侧前门内的扶手上,集路、高频放大电路、天线组成。
无线电波式遥控器収成在电动车窗主开关上。
当对车门实现锁定 / 解锁射频率为 300MHz 到 500MHz,有效范围一般为动作时,开关接通,其他时间开关断开。
5m~10m。
当遥控器电量不足时,遥控距离会缩短;当 1.1.3 钥匙操作开关使用不维修轻型汽车技术 2011，/78，总 263/26467钥匙操作开关又称钥匙锁止/ 开启开关,装在丰田花冠轿车车身防盗 ECU 独立于门锁集成驾驶员侧车门外侧的门锁上。
一汽丰田花冠说明书
一汽丰田花冠说明书篇一：丰田花冠驾驶技巧开车节油技巧篇一虎门凯润一汽丰田油价节节攀升，挑动着不少车主与准车主的神经。
相应的，省油就成为广大车主与准车主共同关注的话题。
如何省油？我们来听听专家的意见。
第一：日常检测汽车的日常检测也会影响油耗，这往往被很多车主忽略。
比如轮胎，气压太大，气温高时会让轮胎内的空气过度膨胀，容易爆胎；气压过低，容易使轮胎磨损严重，影响行驶安全当气压没达标时，轮胎既要克服更多行进阻力和车身重力，油耗也随之增加。
汽油方面，高压缩比的发动机如果选用低标号汽油，会使汽油燃烧不完全，机器强烈震动，从而使输出功率下降，机件受损；低压缩比的发动机硬要用高标号油，就会出现“滞燃”现象，即压到了头它还不到自燃点，一样会出现燃烧不完全现象。
此外，加油时最好选择在大气温度低时，比如清晨或者晚上，因为在这时汽油的密度比较高，比其他时间加油更加经济。
齿轮油方面，选择多极复合的齿轮油和变速器油，使变速器在运转时得到充分的润滑，行驶阻力变小，可减少功耗。
还可选择使用铱金属火花塞和更换地线，能有效地使活塞在工作中提高效率，对油耗的减小有一定的作用。
点火系统的线材选择方面需要审慎，选择能降低电阻，提高电流的耗材。
车辆行驶时，车身重量也会增加油耗，因此应该减少车辆不必要的负载，让车子能够轻装上阵，车身重量的降低，能对油耗的减少起极大的促进作用。
此外，不必要的改装也会增加油耗，比如大功率的音响和空调，在使用的同时也会极大地消耗燃油。
第二：驾驶习惯在日常的驾驶中，开车前需要注意车子的热身。
正确的方法是发动车15秒后，怠速行驶，让车慢速行驶一段距离来完成热身，水温达到40C才可以正常加油行驶。
因为长时间的原地热车会增加油耗，长时间怠速和怠速状态下运行空调尤其消耗燃油。
此外，开车时换挡要以转速和速度为标准，如手动挡车型一挡起步，车启动以后在2000转马上换二挡，下一个2000 转换入第三挡。
以此类推到第四挡，第五挡，切忌快速全开踩油门，杜绝低挡高速，这样会使油耗超过正常45% 一般发动机基本上在2200到2500的中段扭矩以上，能够产生扭力的最大峰值，时速达到了70KM/H到80KM/H,保持均匀的速度行驶，使车辆能够在最佳的工作状态下运作，产生最大的动力，同时相当省油。
日产丰田车型中英文对照
日本产丰田车型中英文对照
Carib卡里布Levin莱文
Carina卡里纳(卡瑞那) LEXUS ES300凌志ES300 CAMRY佳美(卡姆利) LEXUS LS400凌志LS400 Cedric/Gloria公爵/光荣LEXUS SC400凌志SC400 Celica GTS赛利卡GTS Land.Cruiser陆地巡洋舰Century世纪Liteace莱特艾斯
Cielo西洛Mark-II马克-II
Cima西玛Master ace马斯特艾斯
Civilian市民Paseo入场式
Chaser查塞Pick up皮卡
Coaster考斯特(巡游者) PREVIA大霸王(普雷维亚) Corolla FX-16 TS 花冠(卡罗拉) FX-16GTS Sera赛拉
Corolla.Executive花冠.董事Soarer索雷尔
Corona光冠Sprinter短跑家(斯普林特) Coron.aMark光冠.马克Sprinter.carib斯普林特.卡里布Cressida克瑞西达(姬仙达) Starlet小星
Cresta克莱西达(登峰) Stout斯托特
Crown皇冠Supra超级人(萨普拉)
Crown Majesta皇冠庄严牌Tercel LE雄鹰LE(特塞尔) Curren卡伦牌Toyoace丰田之花
Cynos赛诺Trueno特鲁诺
DYNA黛娜Toyota MR2 Turbo丰田MR2增压Geo杰欧Runner赛跑者
GLORIA光荣V an先锋
Vista维斯塔。
丰田全车系遥控匹配教程
丰田全车系遥控匹配教程1.进口丰田RAV4（2008-2011年）遥控器设定丰田RAV4轿车遥控器设定方法（在25s内完成）。
①关闭所有车门，然后打开驾驶员侧车门。
②将钥匙插入并拔出点火开关2次。
③关闭并打开驾驶员侧车门2次。
④将钥匙插入并拔出点火开关1次。
⑤关闭并打开驾驶员侧车门2次。
⑥将钥匙插入点火开关，然后将车门关闭，打开点火开关到“ON”挡，然后再关闭点火开关，拔下钥匙，此时中央门锁开关动作（闭锁和开锁）1次，表示进入添加模式。
如果中央门锁开关没有动作，则说明以上操作步骤没有做好或超出时间范围，需要重新操作。
⑦同时按下遥控器闭锁键（LOCK）和开锁键（UNLOCK）1s，然后松开，在2s内再同时按下遥控器闭锁键（LOCK）和开锁键（UNLOCK）1次，然后松开，此时中央门锁开关会动作（闭锁和开锁）1次，表示遥控器设定成功。
如果中央门锁开关动作2次，表明没有设定成功。
⑧若设定下一个遥控器，则到第⑦步中央门锁开关动作（闭锁和开锁）1次后，接着按下一个遥控器，同时按下遥控器闭锁键（LOCK）和开锁键（UNLOCK）1s，然后松开，在2s内再同时按下遥控器闭锁键（LOCK）和开锁键（UNLOCK)l次，然后松开，此时中央门锁开关会动作（闭锁和开锁）1次，表示设定完成。
⑨选择开关模式。
点火开关开关1次：添加模式，此时中央门锁开关会自动动作1次。
点火开关开关2次：重新编程模式，此时中央门锁开关会自动动作2次。
点火开关开关3次：确认模式，此时中央门锁开关会自动动作3次。
点火开关开关5次：保护模式，此时中央门锁开关会自动动作5次2.卡罗拉／锐志／皇冠/凯美瑞/雅力士遥控器匹配遥控器匹配方法如下：1）打开驾驶人侧车门，拔出钥匙。
2）在5s内插入并拔出钥匙两次。
3）在40s内关闭、打开驾驶人侧车门两次。
4）插入并拔出钥匙，在40s内关闭，打开驾驶人侧车门两次。
5）插入并拔出钥匙。
6）关闭所有车门。
7）以1，的时间间隔将点火开关从LOCK位置转到ON位置，选择设定模式。
各种防盗器接线大全,不知道就回家种田吧!
各种防盗器接线大全，不知道就回家种田吧！有些汽车修理店专门安装汽车防盗器，但是现在车型众多是不是还在为防盗器不知道怎么接线而烦恼呢，下面的为大家整理了多种品牌多款车型的汽车防盗器接线大全，希望对大家有用。
汽车防盗器接线大全本田系列新款本田8代雅阁汽车防盗器安装接线负触发：拆门，橙色，橙色旁边空插焊线电机：进门线，橙色，黄色B＋：绿色Acc：橙色转向：蓝色，绿色刹车：绿色顶灯：粉红油泵：粉红东风本田CRV(2007款) 原车带中控负触发长火:白ON:黄刹车:浅绿带点方向灯:棕橙这些线在左面门边踏板下找中控:灰蓝(极小)这些线在左面三角板处找门边:紫(有延时)这些线在保险边的白插头里找八代雅阁中控锁《负》拆门开关内引线锁橙。
长火粗绿色。
NO红色转向蓝色绿色门灯粉红找叉子接OK 09新款的雅阁中控锁《负》粉/蓝开粉/黑锁长火白色NO黄色转向棕色红/蓝门灯绿/红思迪中控锁《负》白/蓝白/绿火白色ACCNO 黄/红转向黄色绿色。
门灯绿/红新CRV中控锁《负》灰色开浅蓝锁长火白色NOACC黄色转向棕色橙色门灯紫色飞度中控锁《正电回路》黄色开粉红锁长火粗白NO粗黄色转向两条白色门灯蓝色思域中控锁《负》灰色开粉红锁长火白NOACC红色转向蓝色棕色门灯粉红色奥德赛中控锁《负》拆门开关引线棕色开长火黄色NO白色转向黄色橙色门灯黄色新飞度中控锁《正电回路》黄色及黄黑接+12V.原车黄色(开)粉红(锁)要剪断.橙黑接插头方向黄色.橙色接插头方向粉红紫色为行李箱检测（负触发）. 还有正负触发也行风范中控《正电回路》黄，粉。
保险盒浅绿色插头转向蓝灰点。
白灰点门灯细蓝在门灯开关接的汽车防盗器接线大全日产系列新天籁中控《负》浅绿灰色长火黑/白转向绿/黄绿/黑门灯细黄色骐达中控《负》拆除右座杂物盒可见棕色灰色长火黄色NO蓝色转向白色紫色门灯棕色注；右面也有转向线颐达中控《负》棕银点灰银点长火蓝色NO黄色转向白色紫色门灯蓝色拆开储物箱看到中控盒更多趣文添加：汽车检测与维修专业正电：黄色On：蓝色门边：棕色带银点，还有转向在一个插头上。
佛山顺德道声改装丰田花冠汽车音响汽车隔音图文案例详解
车主的座驾是一辆比较经典的丰田花冠，陪主人已经有一定的年头了，今天反而将爱车在使用价值上更进一步提升。
车主听了很多品牌的器材配置，也走了很多车友们推荐的汽车音响改装店，直到到了道声汽车音响改装店，才终于找到了这套暂且最适合自己的音响器材配置。
我们一起往下看吧。
、
改装配置：
主机:阿尔派121C
前声场:喜力士B62C
功放:美国SSL AE416
线材:菲尔斯套线
隔音:超值版荣茂前两门隔音
花冠原车门板，待做隔音降噪！门板隔音降噪从而提升音质，再个就是有明显的隔音降噪效果！
在拆卸原车主机之前，我们先要分析一下安装构造，以确定从哪个地方入手开始拆。
主机对比，下面是新装备。
阿尔派CD主机性价比超高的主机,它的音质是公认的。
2din标准位，阿尔派CD是1din的，所以加了一个1din杂物盒，也可以加频谱仪。
喜力士B62C高音：丝膜球顶高音，平坦的频率响应，极高的高频重放上限。
装门上三角饰板。
美国SSL功放，美国SSL成立于1997年，总部在洛杉矶西北约50公里，是一家集专业研发设计，制造汽车音响制造商。
SSL拥有超高的性价比，SSL所带来的非凡效果将会远远超
乎你的想象。
多谢大家收看！。
2023年新款法国汽车品牌Renault的Austral E-Tech全半径油电双驱全新产品说明书
01. interior trims02. range walks03. engines04. specification01. interior trims technotechno esprit Alpine & iconic esprit Alpine02. range walksdesign• 19” komah black diamond-cut alloy wheels• shark fin antenna• leatherette & grey gradient fabric upholstery• tinted rear windows• electric folding wing mirrors with heater on-board experience• 12” OpenR link: connected multimedia system with Google built-in • 12.3” driver information display• multi-sense (comfort, eco, perso, sport)• height-adjustable passenger seat• leather steering wheel(1)• frameless rear view mirror with rain &light sensoradvanced driver assistance systems• cruise control• speed limiter• safe stopping distance warning• predictive hybrid driving• 9.3” head-up display• rear, front & side park assist• rear view camera• rear cross parking prevention• driver attention alert• blind spot warning• rear automatic emergency braking• active emergency braking system• emergency brake assist withintersection function• traffic sign recognition• lane departure warning• lane keeping assist• emergency lane keep assist• matrix LED vision headlights• LED adaptive vision• hill start assist• auto low/high beamdesign• 20” daytona black diamond-cut alloy wheels• glossy black front & rear logos• matte grey badge• esprit Alpine carbon fabric & Alcantara upholstery with blue stitching• aluminum pedal unit on-board experience• heated front driver & passenger seats• heated steering wheel• electric power boot opening• electric driver seat with massagefunctionadvanced driver assistance systems• adaptive cruise control• active driver assist• traffic sign recognition with speed alert• lane change warningtechnotechno esprit Alpinedesign• panoramic sunroof on-board experience• Harman Kardon audio system• 4Control advanced: 4-wheel steering• wireless phone chargeradvanced driving assistance systems• 360 around view 3D camera(1) please contact your sales advisor for more details on the leather materials used. Android Auto™ is a Google Inc. brand. Apple CarPlay™ is an Apple Inc. brand. Google is a brand of Google LLC. iconic esprit Alpine03. engineE-Tech full hybrid 200hpenergy Unleaded petrol (E10)+ full hybridengineinternal combustion engine 3 cylinders, 1.2 l turbocharged 96 kW / 205 Nmcapacity (cc)1,199electric motor (kW/Nm)50/205max. power (kW EEC) at (rpm)146 (200 hp)max. torque Nm EEC (Nm) at (rpm) 205 + 205 (not accumulable)gearbox multimode automatic 15 combinationsbatterybattery type lithium-ionvoltage (V)400capacity (kWh)2chassis and steeringtyre dimensions205/55 R19235/45 R20power-assisted steering yes (electric)turning circle (m)11.4 (10.1 with 4Control advanced)performancemaximum speed (mph)1090-62mph (s)8.41,000 m from standing start (s)30.8mid-range acceleration: 50mph to 70mph (s) 5.6certificationprotocol WLTP(1)emission control standard Euro 6D-FullWLTP fuel consumption and emissions(2) (from)CO2 (g/km)105-110consumption over a combined cycle (mpg)60.1volumes and weightsfuel tank (l)55 without reserve (3 litres of reserve)kerb weight (kg)1,517/1,627gross vehicle weight (GVW) (kg)2,101/2,153gross train weight (GTW) (kg)3,601/3,653max. braked towing weight (kg)1,500(1) WLTP (Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Procedures): this new protocol provides results much closer to those found in daily use compared to the NEDC protocol. (2) fuel consumption and CO2 emissions are certified using a standard, regulatory method. It is identical for all manufacturers and allows vehicles to be compared.04. spe c ifi c ationtechno technoesprit Alpineiconic esprit Alpineadvanced driving assistance systemscruise control•••speed limiter•••adaptive cruise control-••predictive hybrid driving•••active driver assist -••traffic sign recognition•••9.3" head up display•••parkingrear park assist•••front park assist •••side park assist•••rear view camera••-360° around view camera--•safetysafe stopping distance warning•••rear cross parking prevention•••driver attention alert•••blind spot warning•••rear automatic emergency braking•••active emergency btaking system (city/suburban/pedestrian/cyclist)•••emergency brake assist with intersection function•••lane depature warning•••lane keeping assist •••emergency lane keep assist •••hill start assist•••traffic sign recognition with speed alert-••lane change warning-••anti-lock braking system•••isofix child seat •••lightingmatrix LED vision headlights•••LED adaptive vision•••auto low/high beam•••interior ambient lighting•••on-board experiencerear bench that can slide back 16cm•••hands-free keycard with keyless entry•••automatic dual-zone air conditioning•••automatic windscreen wipers•••automatic handbrake-••manual boot opening•--electric boot opening-••multi sense: 4 driving modes•••12" OpenR link: connected multimedia system with Google built-in•••12.3” driver information display•••Arkamys auditorium audio system with 8 speakers••-Harman Kardon audiotorium system with 12 speakers--•2 front & 2 rear USB-C ports•••electric folding wing mirrors with heater•••electric driver seat with massage function-••heated driver and passenger seats-••heated steering wheel-••top grain leather steering wheel•••wireless smartphone charger--•leatherette & grey gradient fabric upholstery•--esprit Alpine carbon fabric & Alcantara upholstery with blue stitching--•4Control advanced--•designshark fin aerial•••flush roof bars•••false floor in boot•••front bumper with body-coloured sports blade•--front bumper with shadow grey sports blade-••19" komah black diamond-cut alloy wheels•--20" daytona diamond-cut alloy wheels-••aluminum pedal unit-••frameless rear view mirror with rain & light sensor•••tinted rear windows•••custom steering wheel with Alcantara insert-••panoramic sunroof--•connected servicesemergency call•••auto-update included for 5 years•••navigation pack: connected multimedia system with Google built-in includingnavigation pack (Google Maps and Google Assistant) provided free of charge for5 years and infotainment pack (Google Play) with 3 GB included•••• : standard. -: unavailable.* please contact your sales advisor for more details on the leather materials used. All seats mentioned as being leather in this document are composed of real leather and coated textile.。