商务英语阅读(1-2)1 2013本科英语(商务英语方向) B卷 20140521
《商务英语阅读》商务英语,商务.doc
《商务英语阅读》-商务英语,商务商务指南阅读【作】李小飞、祝凤英【出版社】外语教学与研究出版社【图书目录】 Unit 1 Corporate or organizationaI Culture公司文化Text A From Factory to Family：The Creation of a Corporate Culture 从工厂到家庭：创建公司文化Text B Corporate Culture Matters!公司文化至关重要! Unit 2 Leadership才能Text A Peter Drucker on Leadership彼得·德鲁克谈领导才能Text B Say Goodbye to Theory X告别x理论Unit 3 Management Gurus管理大师Text A Peter Drucker：Mr Management“管理先生”——彼得·德鲁克Text B Management Theory?Management Madness?管理理论?抑或管理呓语？Unit 4 Corporate Citizenship企业公民Text A Global Corporate Citizenship Initiative全球企业公民行动Text B Profits and Poverty利润与贫困Unit 5 Consumer Behavior消费行为Text A ACNielsen Survey Unveils“the Five Faces of Chinese Consumers”AC尼尔森调查揭示中国消费的“五张面孔”Text B Consuming Passion：Human Psychology Shapes the Shopping Experience消费激情：购物行为体验源于购物的心理活动Unit 6GIobal Brands全球Text A Brands Across Borders--Advertising Foreign Brands in Asia 让品牌跨越国界——在亚洲推介国外品牌Text B Cell Phones：The Big Boys Are Back in China ：国际品牌再掀抢占中国市场高潮Unit 7 GIobalization全球化Text A What the New Asia Means for Multinationals?的新亚洲战略是什么? Text B Benefits of Globalization全球化带给人们的好处Unit 8 Pricing定价Text A Which Price Is Right?(1)什么样的价格最合适? Text B Which Price Is Right?(2)什么样的价格最合适? Unit 9 Business Strategy Text A Here Is How Michael E．Porer Regards the Business Landscape 著名经济学家迈克尔·E·波特谈企业战略Text B Smart Strategies：Putting Ideas to Work 战略的优劣在于是否付诸实施Unit 10 Merger and Acquisition兼并与收购——并购Text A Procter Said to Reach a Deal to Buy Gillette in$57 Billion Accord 收购吉列：耗资570亿美金Text B New Path for Pork Giant肉类加工业的发展新路程Unit 11 New Economy Text A The New Economy：Fact or Fiction?新经济：事实抑或神话? Text B New Rules for the New Economy新经济．新规则Unit 12 Service Economy服务经济Text A Now that Wal—Mart Is America’S Largest Corporation，the Service Economy Wears the Crown跃居美国最大型公司，服务经济引人注目Text B Service So Good．It’S an“Experience”服务经济要成为“体验经济”Key to Exercises练习参考答案。
《新编商务英语阅读教程》(第二版)练习参考答案
《新编商务英语阅读教程》（第二版）练习参考答案Unit OneI.1. 资产C2. 边际变动E3. 市场势力I4. 劳动生产力（率）J5. 经济学A6. 市场失灵G7. 市场经济F8. 机会成本D9. 通货膨胀K10. 外部性H11. 效率B12. 菲利普斯曲线LII.Passage One经济学的研究主要分为两部分：宏观经济学及微观经济学。
宏观经济学着眼于经济全局——一幅宏观的画面。
在宏观经济学中，我们研究国家的政策目标，例如充分就业、抑制通货膨胀、经济增长等，而不考虑个人或者单个团体的利益和行为。
对宏观经济学的关注是为了从总体上认识并改善经济的运行。
微观经济学则关注宏观画面中的细节。
在微观经济学中，我们着眼于实际构成宏观经济的个人、厂商和政府机构。
我们感兴趣的是这些独立经济单位的行为。
他们的目标何在？以有限资源实现目标的途径是什么？如何对各种激励和机会做出反应？宏观经济学主要关注，例如，总消费性支出对总产出、就业及物价的影响。
很少关注消费性支出及其决定因素的实际内涵。
相反，微观经济学关注的是个体消费者具体的支出决策及其影响因素（爱好、物价水平、收入状况）。
宏、微观经济学的区别还反映在关于企业投资的讨论中。
宏观经济学中，我们需要了解决定企业总投资率的因素以及这些投资对一国的总产出、就业及物价水平产生影响的路径。
而微观经济学中，我们关注的是各家企业关于生产率、生产要素的抉择以及具体物品的定价决策。
了解宏、微观经济学的区别并非难事。
在现实社会，宏观经济的表现有赖于微观行为，而微观行为又受宏观经济表现的影响。
因此，人们只有了解了所有经济活动的参及者的行为方式及其成因，才能充分了解整个经济的运作方式。
但是，就如你会开车而不懂发动机的构造原理那样，你能观察到经济运行方式但并不能完全解开其中奥秘。
在宏观经济学中我们注意到经济这部汽车在踩油门时加速，踩刹车时减速。
这就是我们在大多数情形下所需了解的一切。
然而，汽车总有出故障的时候。
【免费下载】商务英语阅读试卷B卷
汕头大学（纳思教学点）2013级商务英语专科第五学期《实用商务英语阅读》闭卷考试（B 卷）备注：考试时间120分钟。
请考生把答案写在答题卷上,请勿直接在试卷上答题。
ReadingPART ONE (Questions 1-5)●Look at questions 1-5. In each question, which sentence is correct? For each question, mark one letter (A, B or C) on your Answer Sheet. （请按照方框里提供的信息进行作答。
）1A Item 20 is now discontinued.B Item 20 has developed a fault.C Item 20 is unavailable at the moment.2 A Jane Halton is moving from banking to insurance.B Boulder Insurance hopes to appoint a new Chief Executive.C The post of Chief Executive at Curtis Bank has become vacant.3 This organizationA rents luxury office space.B provides conference facilities.C markets other companies’ goods.4 Fine foods requires an agent toA own a suitable vehicle for delivery.B be a specialist in food distribution.C deliver goods all over the country.5Staff should tell Jane FellowsA how many people have enrolled for the course.B if they are interested in doing the course.C which of the courses they have decided to do.PART TWO (Questions 6-10)●Look at the list below. It shows a number of business training courses.●For questions 6-10, decide which training course (A-H) each person on the opposite pageneeds.●For each question, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet.●Do not use any letter more than once.（请在方框内A-H 中选择匹配的信息对应6-10题，A-H 每条只对应一题，请不要多选。
商务英语阅读教程2答案
商务英语阅读教程2答案商务英语阅读教程2是一本针对商务英语学习者的教材，主要讲解商务英语阅读技巧和提高商务英语阅读能力的方法和策略。
本书共分为十个单元，每个单元都包含了真实的商务场景和商务英语阅读材料，通过阅读这些材料，学习者可以了解商务英语的基本知识和相关的词汇和表达方式。
根据我阅读这本书的经验，以下是对每个单元的问题的回答和一些关键点的总结：单元1：商务沟通这个单元主要是讲解商务谈判和商务会议中的常用语言和表达方式。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以学习到如何提出建议、表达意见和达成共识。
单元2：商务合作这个单元主要是讲解商务合作中的重要概念和实践。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何制定商务合作计划、寻找合作伙伴和管理合作关系。
单元3：市场调研这个单元主要是讲解市场调研中的基本步骤和方法。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何进行市场调研、分析市场需求和制定市场营销策略。
单元4：销售与市场推广这个单元主要是讲解销售和市场推广中的关键概念和技巧。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以学习到如何制定销售目标、开展市场推广活动和建立客户关系。
单元5：供应链管理这个单元主要是讲解供应链管理中的关键概念和实践。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何管理供应链、优化物流和提高供应链效率。
单元6：人力资源管理这个单元主要是讲解人力资源管理中的基本原则和方法。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何招聘、培训和管理员工。
单元7：财务管理这个单元主要是讲解财务管理中的基本概念和技巧。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何编制财务报表、分析财务状况和制定财务策略。
单元8：国际贸易这个单元主要是讲解国际贸易中的关键概念和实践。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何开展国际贸易、解决贸易争端和制定国际贸易政策。
单元9：商务法律与伦理这个单元主要是讲解商务法律和商务伦理中的基本原则和要求。
通过阅读材料，学习者可以了解到如何遵守法律法规、处理商务纠纷和维护商业道德。
商务英语阅读1
Investors in the United States are preparing for the first public sale of stock in the Chinese company Alibaba. The company sells goods by linking buyers and sellers in the huge Chinese online market. Alibaba is expected to make its initial public offering, called an IPO, in September on the New York Stock Exchange.The total value of the company based in Hangzhou has been estimated at about $200 billion. Reports from Bloomberg News say Alibaba is offering investors a 12 percent share of the company. That would mean the company could raise as much as $20 billion in the public stock sale.After the IPO, Alibaba could become one of the most valuable technology companies in the world. Apple for example, has a market value 市值of about $600 billion, Google is valued atabout $390 billion, and Microsoft is worth about $370 billion.The e-commerce company is responsible for most online sales in China. It dealt with more exchanges last year than U.S. companies Amazon and eBay combined. And it has more than 230 million active buyers.Scott Kennedy is director of Indiana University's Research Center for Chinese Politics & Business."Alibaba has grown from a very small company doing e-commerce 15 years ago or so to now being th e dominant e-business company in China," Kennedy said.Mr. Kennedy says Alibaba has expanded into new areas while growing its share of thee-commerce market."It is also involved in banking and other areas and has just been growing so dramatically thatit now accounts for 80 percent of e-commerce in China," Kennedy said.He says the company is profitable which is unusual for a technology company first offering an IPO. Alibaba has chosen to sell its stock to the public on the New York Stock Exchange rather than in China. Scott Kennedy says that selling stock on Chinese exchanges has been difficult."Chinese companies have been trying to raise capital on stock markets for a long time. Within China listing has been difficult and that market has not done very well," Kennedy said.He says that the Chinese economy has grown quickly over the years, but has not supported strong stock market activity. The California based Internet company Yahoo owns about one-forth of Alibaba. The IPO in September could increase the value of Yahoo's share. China is now the world's second largest market for e-commerce.。
大学商务英语阅读
Bull market :牛市 bear market熊市 budget 预算balance sheet资产负债表income statement收益表。
损益表 working capital 周转资金inventory control 库存控制。
储量控制quality assurance 质量保证just-in-time delivery 适时原料输送multinational corporations 跨国公司commercial paper 商业票据leverage 借款投机。
杠杆作用market segmentation 市场细分distribution channels销售渠道exclusive distribution独家经销competitive advantage 竞争优势product differentiation产品差异化break-even Point 盈亏临界点。
保本点brand 牌名，品牌intellectual property 知识财产agency 代理breach of contract合同horizontal organization 横向管理体系division of labor职责分工downsizing 裁员flextime 弹性工作制board of directors 董事会chief executive officer 首席执行官acquisition 收购employee stock options 职工股票先购权performance appraisal system 工作表现评估制gross domestic product国内生产总值profit 利润supply供给sole proprietorship独资企业unlimited liability 无限责任shareholders 股东。
股票持有人equilibrium price均衡价格，平衡价格pure competition 纯自由竞争oligopoly 寡头垄断monopoly垄断fiscal policy 财政政策democratic leader 民主型领导crisis management 危机管理private corporation 私营企业subsidiary corporation附属公司，子公司中译英翻译题一：大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。
(完整版)0商务英语阅读练习(答案)_共14页
Business English Reading Comprehension Passage OneThe relationship between the home and market economies had gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e. g. cloth-making, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon the more important second stage was evident --the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e. g. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home such as in nursing the sick, became unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical(新古典主义的) model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage.1. The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that______.A.it was a necessary step in the process of industrializationB.they depended on electricity available only to the market economyC.it was troublesome to produce such goods in the homeD.the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes2. It can be seen from the passage that in the second stage ______.A.some traditional goods and services were not successful when provided by the homeeconomyB.the market economy provided new goods and services never produced by the homeeconomyC.producing traditional foods at home became socially never produced by the homeeconomyD.whether new goods and services were produced by the home economy became irrelevant3. During the second stage, if the family wanted to consume new goods and services, they had to enter the marketplace ______.A.as wage earnersB.both as manufacturers and consumersC.both as workers and purchasersD.as customers4.Economic growth did not make it more flexible for the home economy to obtain the newgoods and services because ______.A.the family was not efficient in productionB.it was illegal for the home economy to produce themC.it could not supply them by itselfD.the market for these goods and services was limited5. The neoclassical model is basically a model of the first stage, because at this stage ______.A.The family could rely either on the home economy or the marketplace for the neededgoods and services.B.many production processes were being transferred to the marketplaceC.consumers relied more and more on the market economyD.the family could decide how to transfer production processes to the marketplacePassage TwoAs is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complicated. Generally speaking, the Account Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers.In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, generally in “points”, which are added together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market. It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labor supply.It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any distinctions in the way that job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with the hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen; for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.6. If a company wants its new pay structure to be successful, it is necessary to _______.A. give the workers extra pay to encourage themB. share the same opinion between the Trade Union and the employersC. consult some problems associated with payD. adopt a special way to evaluate the performance of its employees7. The methods of additional payments are adopted for indirect workers because __________.A. they don't have a higher payB. the firm hasn't enough fundC. the measurement of their work is very difficultD. their work is less important than that of other workers8. What should a firm consider in designing a new pay system?A. The value of each job alone.B. The method of calculating the pay.C. The requirements of each job.D. The labor supply and the cost of living.9. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A. only the Accounts Department is involved in the management of salariesB. different job performances should be given different paymentsC. an evaluation system based on points is usually used to measure management workD. evaluating management work makes no difference from other work10. The main purpose of this passage is to _______.A. explain how the performance of a job can be measured in pointsB. describe the responsibilities of various departmentsC. tell readers how a firm can succeed in adopting a new pay systemD. tell readers how difficult the management work isPassage ThreeSelling skills can be very useful to you in your personal life. For example, have you ever wanted to use someone else's car? You had to use selling skills to persuade the owner to let you use it. When you apply for a job, you should really be trying to persuade the employer that you will be good employee. If you run for an elected office in an organization, you are really trying to sell yourself to others. You are trying to convince people that you have good ideas and will provide the type of leadership needed by that organization. Selling involves persuading others to accept your ideas or your advice.Selling skills are also important in most jobs. Business managers want to hire people who are creative, who work well with others, and who contribute to the success of their business. In the world of business, selling is a very important function. Business owners use selling skills to gain acceptance from customers and employees about store policies and procedures. Successful salespeople use selling skills to assist customers in making wise buying decisions.What Is Selling?Selling involves the art of communicating effectively with people — simply explaining how a product or service will benefit the customer. Customers will not purchase a product or service until they are convinced that they will benefit from owning that product or service. The salesperson needs to explain, advise, and generally help the customer. In fact, his most important job is to assist the customer in making a wise buying decision. The word selling is defined as:1. assisting the customer, and2. helping the customer make a wise buying decision.Assisting the CustomerBusiness in America today is very competitive. In our free enterprise system, there are many businesses that sell similar products and services. For example, you can purchase a pair of jeans from a department store, a women’s or men's apparel shop, a specialty store, or a discount store. Because customers can purchase the same product or service from more than one business, it is important that businesses provide polite, friendly service to customers. If customers do not receive polite and capable help from salespeople at a business, they may decide to purchase from another business. Salespeople make sure they provide the help customers expect.Helping the Customer Make a Wise Buying DecisionThe most important responsibility of any salesperson is to help customers make wise buying decisions. Customers have made wise buying decisions when they receive benefits from the products or services they have purchased. These benefits are called buyer benefits. A buyer benefit is the gain or personal benefit customers receive from the products or services they purchase. The salesperson's job is to make sure his customers purchase the products or services which will most benefit them.The Importance of SellingSelling is important to our economy, to business, and to the American people. In order to understand its importance, you need to be familiar with some basic facts about each segment of the American economy.The economy of our country is divided into three phases: production, marketing, and consumption. Production refers to the physical creation of goods and services. Farming, mining, fishing, lumbering, and manufacturing make up the production phase of our economy. Thousands of goods and services are produced each year. These goods and services, however, do not sell themselves. After goods and services have been produced, they must be made available to consumers for purchase. Marketing is the process through which goods and services flow from the producer to the consumer. Wholesalers and retailers make up the marketing phase of our economy.Selling is the most important marketing function performed by retail and wholesale businesses. Wholesalers buy from producers and sell to retailers. Retailers buy from producers and wholesalers and sell to consumers. Consumers are the users of goods and services in our society. The process of using goods and services is called consumption.What contribution does selling make to our economy? The role of selling in our society is to identify and provide the goods and services that will satisfy the needs and wants of the consumer. Manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers all depend on customers to purchase products and services. When a business's sales decline, the company usually reduces the number of its employees. The jobs of the many people who produce and provide goods and services, therefore, depend on successful salespeople. When customers purchase products and services, they help create employment in manufacturing, wholesaling, and retailing. Full employment in our country creates additional purchasing power for our consumers. Selling, therefore, assists in maintaining the high standard of living enjoyed in our country.What contribution does selling make to a business? The role of business in society is toprovide the types of products and services which consumers need and want. It is the job of the salesperson, as the business's representative, to satisfy the customers' needs and wants. Salespeople, and the manner in which they treat customers, can really determine the success or failure of most businesses.What contribution does selling make to the American consumer? Salespeople are often the only contact a customer has with a business. Salespeople represent the business to the customer. They should offer sincere, honest, friendly, and courteous service to customers. The salesperson's job is to make sure the customer benefits from purchasing a product or service. Salespeople can save customers time and money by providing product information, showing how a product or service will benefit the customer, and making sure customers purchase the products and services which will best meet their needs and wants.11.The main idea of the first paragraph is ________.A. the importance of selling skills in managing a companyB. the importance of selling skills in job-huntingC. the importance of selling skills in one’s personal lifeD. the importance of selling skills in borrowing12.Selling is defined in this article as _______________________________A. helping the customer, and helping him make a wise buying decisionB. getting customers to buy goodsC. getting customers to buy servicesD. Both B and C13.Business in America today is very competitive, because ___________.A. there are too many kinds of goods in the marketB. there are not many demanding customersC. there are too many similar kinds of goods or servicesD. there are too many businesses14.The three phases of the American economy are ____________________.A. manufacture, wholesale and retailB. production, sale and after-sale serviceC. production, marketing and consumptionD. production, consumption and service15.Which of the following is NOT true?A. Salespeople represent a business to the customer.B. Salespeople must offer satisfactory service to customers.C. Salespeople should help customers buy the products that will best benefit customers.D. The success or failure of salespeople has little to do with the success or failure of a business in most cases.Passage FourThe so-called Americanization phenomenon seems to be a consequence of the recent globalization in our world. If we find American products worldwide, it is also increasinglycommon to find Asian products in the United States.Going to any country in Asia nowadays, we are going to see a lot of the American icons (图标)everywhere. A few years ago when I was in Ho-Chi-Min City, formerly known as Saigon, I was completely astonished at the number of billboards advertising products from multinational companies, many of them American. It is unforgettable for me—the vision of the spectacular Coca-Cola billboard on a Ho-Chi-Min Street.Living in the United Slates now, I am discovering many Asian products in America, from food to movies. In one day in San Francisco, or Seattle, or Houston, we can buy Sisheido cosmetics from Japan at the Galleria Mall, have sushi(寿司) and sashimi(生鱼片) in one of the many Japanese restaurants in the city, go to the cinema and enjoy the beautiful American-Chinese movie Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, and take home spring rolls from one of the many Chinese restaurants in town.I understand that a great many people would like to hold hack the globalization process in the world because they think they are losing their own culture, but it is very difficult to stop this process. We can only try to be critical and choose what is best for us to have or to buy.However, many people think that young people are not free to choose when they are constantly exposed to attractive advertisements that are specially made to capture the youth market. Peaceful protests could be arranged just to help people to think about the situation, but the tendency in our world is that we want globalization, but we don't want to lose our own culture.16. The Americanization phenomenon is more possible to be the result of ______.A. the influence of Americanization on the worldB. the influence of the West on the EastC. the globalization in the worldD. American products worldwide17. What was the author in the passage particularly impressed by?A. The wonderful American-Chinese movie.B. The delicious Japanese food in American cities.C. The high quality of Asian products.D. The fantastic advertisement for an American product.18.We can learn from the passage that one of the consequences of globalization that manypeople worry about is ______.A. the spread of culture from one country to anotherB. the destruction of cultural identitiesC. the prevalence of American cultureD. the resistance to globalization worldwide19. What attitude should we have towards the globalization process?A. Disapproving.B. Pessimistic.C. Critical.D. Indifferent.20. Young people today can't really choose what they should buy because they _______.A. are influenced by American cultureB. don't know what is suitable for themC. are critical about everything in the worldD. are faced with too many powerful advertisementsPassage FiveThe appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers appealed to people's desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers' money.Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters (节食者. with the message that there were fewer calories (热量单位,大卡) in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合于节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer's real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.21. Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by ________.A. stressing their high qualityB. convincing him of their low priceC. maintaining a balance between quality and priceD. appealing to his buying motives22. The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that ________.A. thin slices of bread could contain more caloriesB. the loaf was cut into regular slicesC. the bread was not genuine breadD. the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same23. The passage tells us that _________.A. sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needsB. advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don't needC. the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisementsD. fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment24. It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should ________.A. think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisementsB. guard against the deceiving nature of advertisementsC. be familiar with various advertising strategiesD. avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal25. The passage is mainly about _________.A. how to make a wise buying decisionB. ways to protect the interests of the consumerC. the positive and negative aspects of advertisingD. the function of advertisements in promoting salesPassage SixThe Supreme Court's recent decision allowing regional interstate banks has done away with one restriction in America's banking operation, although many others still remain. Although the ruling does not apply to very large money-center banks, it is a move in a liberalizing direction that could in the end push Congress into framing a sensible legal and regulatory system that allows banks to plan their future beyond the next court case.The restrictive laws that the courts are interpreting are mainly a legacy（遗赠物）of the bank failures of the 1930's. The current high rate of bank failure—higher than at any time since the Great Depression—has made legislators afraid to remove the restrictions. While their legislative timidity （胆怯）is understandable, it is also mistaken. One reason so many American banks are getting into trouble is precisely that the old restrictions make it hard for them to build a domestic base large and strong enough to support their activities in today's telecommunicating round-the-clock, around-the-world financial markets.In trying to escape from these restrictions, banks are taking enormous, and what should be unnecessary, risks. For instance, would a large bank be buying small, failed savings banks at inflated prices if federal law and states regulations permitted that bank to explain instead through the acquisition of financially healthy banks in the region? Of course not. The solution is clear. American banks will be sounder when they are not geographically limited.The house of Representative's banking committee has shown part of the way forward by recommending common-sensible, though limited, legislation for a five-year transition to nationwide banking. This would give regional banks time to group together to form counterweights to the big money-center banks. Without this breathing space the big money-center banks might soon extend across the country to develop. But any such legislation should be regarded as only a way station on the road towards a complete examination of American's suitable banking legislation.26. The restrictive banking laws of the 1930's are still on the book because _______.A. the bank failures of the 1930's were caused by restrictive courtsB. banking has not changed during the past 50 yearsC. legislators believe banking problems similar to those of the Depression still exist todayD. the banking system is too restrictive, but no alternatives have been suggested27. According to the author, the change to a nationwide banking system should be _______.A. postponed until the consequences can be evaluatedB. gradual so that regional banks have a chance to compete with larger banksC. immediate because we can't afford any more bank failuresD. much faster to overcome legislative fear28. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A. many restrictions in banking operation have been cancelledB. the ruling of removing the restriction can make the banks plan their future freelyC. the ruling of removing the restriction can't be applicable to all banksD. the old restrictions will be helpful to set up a powerful domestic base29. What is the author's attitude towards the current banking laws?A. Tolerant and disapproved.B. Concerned and dissatisfied.C. Understandable and indifferent.D. Supportive and admirable.30. The main idea of the passage is that _______.A. despite many bank failures, the nature of banking has not really changed so muchB. the current banking law must be useful to today's banksC. center banks currently have too much power as compared with the regional banksD. banks have been forced to take needless and dangerous risks due to the restrictions Passage SevenOver the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior managers from feathering their own nests at the expense of their shareholder. The three most popular reforms have been recruiting more outside directors in order to make boards more independent, linking bosses' pay to various performance measures, and giving bosses share options, so that they have the same long-term interests as their shareholders.These reforms have been widely adopted by America's larger companies, and surveys suggest that many more companies are thinking of following their lead. But have they done any good? Three papers presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management in Boston this week suggest not. As is usually the case with boardroom tinkering, the consequences have differed from those intended.Start with those independent boards. On the face of it, dismissing the boss's friends from the board and replacing them with outsiders looks a perfect way to make senior managers more accountable. But that is not the conclusion of a study by Professor James Westphal. Instead, he found that bosses with a boardroom full of outsiders spend much of their time building alliances, doing personal favors and generally pleasing the outsiders.All too often, these seductions succeed. Mr. Westphal found that, to a remarkable degree,"independent" boards pursue strategies that are likely to favor senior managers rather than shareholders. Such companies diversify their business, increase the pay of executives and weaken the link between pay and performance.To assess the impact of performance-related pay, Mr. Westphal asked the bosses of 103 companies with sales of over $ 1 billion what measurements were used to determine their pay. The measurements varied widely, ranging from sales to earnings per share. But the researcher's big discovery was that bosses attend to measures that affect their own incomes and ignore or play down other factors that affect a company's overall success.In short, bosses are quick to turn every imaginable system of corporate government to their advantage-which is probably why they are the people who are put in charge of things. Here is paradox for the management theorists: any boss who can not beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having not beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having.31. What is the purpose of the large companies in recruiting outsiders and putting them on the board of directors?A.To diversify the business of the corporation.B.To enhance the cooperation between the senior managers and the board directors.C.To protect the interests of the shareholders.D.To introduce effective reforms in business management.32. What does Professor James Westphal’s study suggest?A.With a boardroom full of outsiders, senior managers work more conscientiously.B.Outside board directors tend to be more independent.C.Boardroom reforms have failed to achieve the desired result.D.Cooperation between senior managers and board directors suffered from the reforms.33. The word “seduction” in the fourth paragraph probably means “____”A. efforts to conquerB. exertions to understandC. endeavors to increase profitsD. attempts to win over34. Which of the following statements is true?A. Corporate executives in general are worth the high pay they receive.B. The income of corporate executives is proportional to the growth of corporate profits.C. Corporate executives tend to take advantage of their position to enrich themselves.D. The performance of corporate executives affects their own interests more than those of the shareholders.35. How does the author feel about the efforts to control senior executives?A. approving.B. optimistic.C. positive.D. doubtfulPassage EightHenry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, “The business of America is business.” By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world.。
商务英语阅读2-2
Business English Extensive Reading (2)商务英语阅读（2）Ⅰ. Reading ComprehensionDirections: Choose the correct answers according to the information given from the passeges. Read the passages through carefully before making your choices. Please mark the corresponding leter for each item on Answer Sheet.Passage One: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage．It is , everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and late starters are often long listeners. Most children will "obey" spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on . But since these cannot be said to show the baby's intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language.It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire This self-imitation leads on to deliberate imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.1.By "....challenges explanation" (Line 2, Para.1) the author means that ______.A)no explanation is necessary for such an obvious phenomenonB)no explanation has been made up to nowC)it's no easy job to provide an adequate explanationD)it's high time that an explanation was provided2. The third paragraph is mainly about _________A)the development of babies' early forms of languageB)the difficulties of babies in learning to speakC)babies' strong desire to communicateD)babies' intention to communicate3. The author's purpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that children _______.A)usually obey without asking questionsB)are passive the process of learning to speakC)are born cooperativeD)learn to speak by listening4.From the passage we learn that _______-A)early starters can learn to speak within only six monthsB)children show a strong desire to communicate by making noisesC)imitation plays an important role in learning to speakD)children have various difficulties in learning to speak5.The best title for this passage would be _______.A)How Babies Learn to SpeakB)Early Forms of LanguageC)A Huge Task for ChildrenD)Noise Making and Language LearningPassage Two Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage．New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It’s now a “global villa ge” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.” He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent (普遍的).Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equalThe employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and cam have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.6. What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?A) Critical. C) Indifferent.B) Prejudiced. D) Positive.7. With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, businesspeople ______.A) have to get familiar with modern technologyB) are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operationsC) are attaching more importance to their overseas businessD) are eager to work overseas8. In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind” (Lines 2-3, Para. 3) probably means ____.A) being unable to think properly for lack of insightB) being totally out of touch with business at homeC) missing opportunities for promotion when abroadD) leaving all care and worry behind9. According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?A) Connections with businesses overseas.B) Ability to speak the client’s language.C) Technical know-how.D) Business experience.10. The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can _______.A) better control the whole negotiation processB) easily find new approaches to meet market needsC) fast-forward their proposals to headquartersD) easily make friends with businesspeople abroadPassage Three Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage．Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urbantraffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car's move-ments.The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.11. One significant improvement in the future car will probably be________.A) its power source C) its monitoring systemB) its driving system D) its seating capacity12. What is the author's main concern?A) How to render automobiles pollution-free.B) How to make smaller and safer automobiles.C) How to solve the problem of traffic jams.D) How to develop an automated subway system.13. What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?A) A rail. C) A retractable arm.B) An engine. D) A computer controller.14. In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is _______.A) keep in the right laneB) wait to arrive at his destinationC) keep in constant touch with the computer centerD) inform the system of his destination by phone15. What is the author's attitude toward the future of autos?A) Enthusiastic.C) Optimistic.B) Pessimistic. D) Cautious.Passage Four Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage．Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, ‘The business of America is business.” By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world.Few would argue with Ford’s statement. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry” or “show business.”The positive side of Henry Ford’s statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance (大量地) because the U.S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life.The negative side of Henry Ford’s statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business—referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to form unions. Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizing—the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high -- creates feelings of insecurity formany.16. The united States is a typical country ______.A) which encourages free trade at homes and abroadB) where people’s chief concern is how to make moneyC) where all businesses are managed scientificallyD) which normally works according to the federal budget17. The influence of business in the U.S. is evidenced by the fact that ______.A) most newspapers are run by big businessesB) even public organizations concentrate on working for profitsC) Americans of all professions know how to do businessD) even arts and entertainment are regarded as business18. According to the passage, immigrants choose to settle in the U.S., dreaming that ______.A) they can start profitable businesses thereB) they can be more competitive in businessC) they will make a fortune overnight thereD) they will find better chances of employment19. Henry Ford’s statements can be taken negatively because ______.A) working people are discouraged to fight for their rightsB) there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalistsC) there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and laborD) public services are not run by the federal government20. A company’s efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may result in ______.A) reduction in the number of employeesB) improvement of working conditionsC) fewer disputes between labor and managementD) a rise in workers’ wagesⅡ. CloseDirections: In this section, there is a passage with 10 blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the blank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding leter for each item on Answer Sheet. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.It is a typical day at the office----a senior manager is away when an urgent letter arrives from one of her clients．Meanwhile someone has discovered that the wrong price list has been sent out and half of the last mailshot has been returned because the addresses are out of date．After a lot of time and effort has been __1__ sorting out all these problems，someone asks why the new computer system didn’t __2__ all of this from happening．Unfortunately，such problems are __3__．One firm which used to have __4__ computer problems is Brinkman Levis，a professional services firm．David Callaghan，a partner at the firm，__5__：“The initial problem for us was that we had all this information on computers around the office but didn’t know what to do with it．”Finally, Brinkman Lewis decided to __6 __ a network linking all the machines in the office．Rather than simply asking one of the senior managers to accept responsibility for information technology，the firm brought in __7__ Zoe Edlington to plan the development of its network．She began by upgrading the __8__ telephone system so it could be integrated with the computers to provide closer links between the members of the firm．She then began finding other ways in which the information already on the network could be used more __9__．The strategy worked．The company soon realized that there could be a market for sucha __10__，and before long Zoe Edlington was head ofthe firm’s new network consultancy business．A) prevent B) effectively C) frustrate D) existing E) explains F) spent G) serious H) competently I) authority J) general K) specialist L) common M) introduce N) ongoing O) solutionⅢ. Word ExerciseDirections: Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word. The first letter and the Chinese meaning are given. Please write the missing letters for each item on Answer Sheet. 1.All of them fulfilled the q___________(资格) for registering to vote in thepresidential election.2.In 1993 convertible b________(债券) appeared, convertible into common shares.One successful example is the Shanghai Pinkerton Float Glass Plant.3.The m____________(货币的) value of most coins exceeds the amount you wouldget by melting them down and selling off the metals they contain.4.Our firm is s___________(赞助) three engineering students at the university.5.This is the best price we can q___________(报价) you.6.In accounting the term d_____________(记入借方) means to enter a sum on the left-handside of an account or accounting ledger.7.Leading industrial e____________(股权) were fairly firm on selective demand today,although the best prices were not always maintained.8.Some people predict that the sales of portable computers will surpass the sales ofd______________(台式计算机) in a few years.9.An i_____________(存货清单) of property or goods tells how many there are ofeach article and what they are worth.10.The use of money ---- any c________(商品) generally accepted in payment forgoods, services, and debts ---- makes the trading process simpler and more efficient.11.Can you show me the w________(担保书) of the car?12.The economic r_________(衰退) in the past few years has caused a lot ofunemployment in that country.13.They sell lipstick and a whole range of other c_____________(化妆品).14.To some consumers, the country of origin or m_______(生产厂家) of productsand services may indicate superior or poor quality.15.She gets a c_______(佣金) of 10% on all the sales she makes.Part two: Directions:Please translation the following sentences into Chinese. Writethe Chinese version on the Answer Sheet.1. Durable goods have physical qualities and uses that permit them to last arelatively long time, even while being used.2.Unless you inherit the family business or invent a best-selling product while youare still in college, you will eventually have to search for your first full-time, career-field job.3. Dell has decided not to target retail buyers, who account for only about 10% ofDell’s China sales.4. As consumers’incomes and buying habit change, or as prices drop, goods shiftfrom one classification to another.5. Newspaper, too, have attempted to make advertising more attractive to small firmsby offering special full page advertisements featuring the messages of several different firms.。
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electric solutions during the survival course.A. practiceB. produceC. approachD. Popularize9.Why the company wants to relocate to Ireland still remains a brainteaser to a majority of staff.A.enigmaB.disasterC. secretD. Burden10. The purported function of the massage chair is that it can dispel your fatigue.A. supposed b. reclaimed C. publicized D. advertised11. This is the era of the ―personal brand‖.A. timeB. periodC. agedD. Phase12. Others felt it too outlandish to take seriouslyA. crazyB. outstandingC. strangeD. Great13. Her services are in demand from bankers, lawyers and other business people, all pondering ways to improve how they are perceived at work.A. deliberatingB. concerning aboutC. consideringD. thinking over14. The outside world offers a little more illumination.A. enlightenmentB. explanationC. strangeD. Inspiration15.She says there is evidence that Brand Stern is credible and respected, but she wonders if the markets aren‘t looking for something a bit meatier: ‗Are you damping down your personality? Do they want more of you?‖A. fatterB. more informativeC. fleshierD. more important16.Wouldn‘t it be cool if… I want to harness those ideas and let people have a forum?A.DiscoverB. make use ofC. search forD. think about17.Instead of setting up a traditional display booth at last year‘s Macworld convention, Kaufman handed out pads and pencils and invited attendees to sketch the products they wanted.A. boxB. roomC. stallD. Desk18.Says his mother, Mindy, ‗‖When you see someone who has a dream and a great idea, you don‘t want to stifle it ,,A. hurtB. smotherC. damageD. safeguard19. He sold the Mophie product line and rolled the proceeds into Kluster, a virtual forum that al-lows consumers and businesses to collaborate on the design of products and services.A. theoreticB. fakeC. falseD. fictitious20. As Kaufman envisions Kluster, companies that want to create a new product vvill use the plat-form () to put out a challenge to a relevant group of consumers.A. theoreticB. fakeC. falseD. Fictitious21. It‘s harder to estimate than you may think.A. guessB. TellC. assessD. Imagine22. But it‘s unavoidable, so what‘s the smart way to think about it now?A. irresponsibleB. necessaryC. inevitableD. Unavailable23. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced last year that a child born in the United States in 2005 can expect to live 77.9 years.A.foundB.decidedC.claimedD.proclaimed24. To put it a bit more ominously, an 81% chance of not hitting it.A.balefullyB.omniscientlyC.inauspiciouslyD.haplessly25. The main culprits were smoking, obesity, and, in men, HIV/AIDS and homicide.A. corpulenceB. firmnessC. obscurityD. skinniness26. We were puzzled by the promotion of that person of mediocre abilities.A.distinctiveB. ordinaryC..abysmalD. Dubious27. Someone‘s broken one of our windows, but we‘l l soon find the culprit.A. detractorB. geekC. wrongdoerD. outcast28. The lecturer was to discuss politics but got sidetracked by a question from the audience into talking about religion.A. diverted from the main topicB. interrupted in a flashC. Embarrassed at a lossD. perplexed for a while29.The inhabitants of Jamestown, the first permanent English colony in America, nearly starved because they had squandered their provisions.A. forfeitedB. dissipatedC. devastatedD.jettisoned30.In Washington the Clinton Administration‘s pr oposed $40 billion bailout of the weakened pesomet with stiff opposition from Democrats.A. subsidyB. reinforcementC. loanD. rescue31.In the public gaze, George grudgingly admitted to being wrong.A.guilefullyB. reluctantlyC.glaciallyD. frankly32. It seemed galling to have to submit to the man she hated very much.A.humiliatingB.gorgeousC.giddyD.futile33. The performance of Hamlet turned out to be a complete non-event, for few eminent actors appeared.A. interesting eventB.disappointmentC. exhilarating eventD. sensational event34. It is mandatory to attend this extremely important meeting.A.obligatoryB.authorisedmutativeD. Reputable35. Worn out as it may look, the stereo still has a lot of mileage left.A. usefulnessB. disrepairC. distancedD. SeclusionII. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases given be-low. Make changes when necessary.go up to get it be supposed to reflect on hold up slip off turn to be indicative of in great demand rent out on tracknest egg confuse. . . with . . .1.We must the influence of television violence on children.2. I don‘t. why would she want to diet in such a radical way?3. Exhaustion couldn‘t the students‘ passion of pursuing knowledge.4. After the game, she her trainer and thanked her for all her help.5. You to pay the bill by Sunday.6. She was so shocked at the news that she the cell phone.7.Don‘t income wealth. Income sometimes merely enables you to make ends meet, while wealth makes you live comfortably.8.Instead of building a , many Chinese parents give all their money to their children.9. Their failure to act their indifference towards this project.10.When we grow up, we should try to stand on our own feet rather than our parents.11.He had to his house in Seattle to make mortgage payments.12.As planes and cars were of oil, people went and found many big oil wells.13.We made a great effort to get our company back .III. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.The progress of technology is dramatic, too, but not cyclical.2. Ten years ago that amount of storage would have cost five figures and 20 years ago seven figures - one steep slope.3.It‘s better to create an ecology that gets all the world‘s smartest people toiling in your garden for your goals.4.Your job, as a leader of an organization, is to tap into this mass of innovators, investors and consumers.5.If collect ive wisdom is what you want, Joy‘s Law covers that, too.6. Bankemper, who had spent most of his career focusing on selling to contractors rather than do-it-yourself consumers, hadn‘t considered either.7.Medoff was equally impressed and decided to expand the program, asking managers to come up with five projects for the spring semester.8.If he likes their idea, he‘II fund it and, he hopes, entice the students to run the company after they graduate.9.target audience10.Go-to person11. meeting package12. risk-averse13. target market14.Personal branding could make the difference if you want a better job.15.It is a case of ―show, don‘t tell‖, and ―show‖ in an interesting way.16.By comparing the mismatches between what the market wants and what you are giving them, you can spot which skills or aspects of your personality to develop.17.Finished product18. production time19. marketing strategy20. product merchandiser21. business philosophy22. Instead of setting up a traditional display booth at last y ear‘s Macworld convention, Kaufman handed out pads and pencils and invited attendees to sketch the products they wanted.23. To ensure that his exacting standards were met, he‘d sit in front of the machines as the parts.24. What if l make a video so you d on‘t have to send people – you can just send the DVD showing how to install it?25.To illustrate this, we assume that a corporation had 10 shares of common stock outstanding, at the beginning of the year.26. A wise man does not fight when the odds are against him.27. After months of futile labor, the scientist suddenly had a brainstorm and solved the problem.28.The main culprit was the sickly housing market: although consumer spending has held up better than expected, the construction of homes has collapsed.29. Mortality rates actually increased with age in the same birth cohort.30.Every time someone comes to me complaining, I can choose to accept their complaining or I can point out the positive side of life.31. After 18 hours of surgery and weeks of intensive care, Jerry was released from the hospital with fragments of the bullets still in his body32. I declined to see his wounds, but did ask him what had gone through his mind as the robbery took place.33.That time could be better spent gabbing with a friend who works near you while carpooling or reading the paper on public transport.34. If the buddy system doesn‘t work for you, incorporate activity into your daily routine by walking to work or jogging to your lads‘ sch ool to pick them up.35. You can throw together a low-fat pizza in less than ten minutes with whatever you‘ve got in the fridge, and it‘s healthier than takeaway.36. Thus, new rules requiring chief executives and chief financial officers to sign off on their accounts have become the stuff of headlines.37. If a company blows up, this will allow the boss to blame the small fry.38. Companies may have to change the composition of their boards radically, as well as their relationship with their accounts.IV. Comprehension (20%)（A）The fiddler crab (蟹) is a living clock. It tells the time of day by the color of its skin, w hich is dark by day and pale by night. The crab‘s changing skin color follows a regular twenty-four hour cycle that exactly matches the daily rhythm of the sun.Does the crab actually keep time, or does its skin simply respond to the sun‘s rays, changing color according to the amount of light that strikes it? To find out,biologists kept crabs in a dark room for two months. Even without daylight the crab‘s skin color continued to change exactly on schedule.Perhaps this feature developed gradually in response to the rhythm of the sun, to help protect the crab from sunlight and enemies. After millions of years it had become completely fixed inside the living body of the crab.The biologists noticed that once each day the color of the fiddler crab is especially dark, and that each day this occurs fifty minutes later than on the day before. From this they discovered that each crab follows not only the rhythm of the sun but also that of the tides. The crab‘s period of greatest darkening is the time of low tide on the beach where it was caught!1.The crab‘s changing skin color follows __________.A) the daily rhythm of the sun B) the sun‘s raysC) the rhythm of the tides D) both A and C2.The experiment carried out by the biologists shows that __________.A) its color-changing ability has nothing to do with daylightB) only in a dark room it changes colorC) its changing skin color follows a regular cycleD) it changes color every fifty minutes3. What‘s the function of crab‘s color-changing ability?A) Keep time. B) Protect himself from enemies and sunlight.C) Keep warm. D) Respond to the sun‘s rays.4.The sentence ―The crab‘s skin color continued to change exactly on schedule.‖ in the second paragraph means that __________A) it didn‘t change color at allB) it changed color more slowlyC) it still changed in a regular twenty-four hour cycleD) it changed color more quickly5. The passage is probably taken from a book of __________.A) biology B) geography C) science D) physiology（B）If parents bring up a child with the sole aim of turning the child into a genius (天才), they will cause a big problem. According to several leading educational psychologists, this is one of the biggest mistakes which ambitious (雄心勃勃的) parents make. Generally, the child will be only too aware of what the parent expects, and will fail. Unrealistic parental expectations can cause great damage to children. However, if parents are not too unrealistic about what they expect their children to do, but are ambitious in a reasonable way, the child may succeed in doing very well --- especially if the parents are very supportive of their child.Michael Lee Chao Tin is very lucky. He is crazy about music, and his parents help him a lot by taking him to concerts and arranging private piano and violin lessons for him. They even drive him 50 kilometers a week for violin lessons. Although Michael‘s mother knows very little about music, Michael‘s father is a good trumpet(小号) player. However, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling.Michael‘s friend, Winston Chiu Fang Weng, however, is not so lucky. Although both his parents are successful musicians, they set too high a standard for Winston. They want their son to be as successful as they are and so they enter him for every piano competition held. They are very unhappy when he does not win. ―When I was your age, I used to win every competition I entered,‖ Winston‘s father tells him. Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he always seems quiet and unhappy.1. Which of the following mistakes are parents likely to make according to the passage?A) To neglect their child‘s education.B) To expect too much of their child.C) To make their child become a musician.D) To help their child to be a genius.2. What should parents do in order to help their children succeed?A) They should push the children into achieving a lot.B) They should understand and help their children in different times.C) They should try to have their own successful careers.D) They should arrange private lessons for their children.3. Which of the following statements about Michael Lee‘s parents is true?A) His father is a very poor player of trumpet.B) His parents are quite rich and have a car.C) His mother knows much about music.D) His parents help him in a proper way.4. Winston‘s parents push their son so much that __________.A) he is unhappy because he is not self-confidentB) he has succeeded in a lot of competitionsC) he feels he cannot learn anything about music from themD) he has already become a better musician than his father5. The two examples illustrate the principle that __________.A) it is important to let children develop in the way they wantB) successful parents often have unsuccessful childrenC) parents who want their child to be musical should also be good musiciansD) the more money spent on a child‘s education, the better the child will do（C）.George Willig loves to climb. He has climbed mountains for many years. In 1977, Willig decided to climb the second tallest building in the world — the World Trade Center in New York City. It is 110 floors high.Willig planned his climb carefully. He made a special claw to fit on the outside of the building. He found a strong rope to wrap around his body. Willig tested the equipment on the building five times late in the evening. Only his close friends knewabout his plan.Willig began his climb at 6:30 a.m. on May 26. Soon a crowd of people gathered on the street. They watched the 27-year-old man make his way up slowly. Willig was 20 feet high before police found out what he was doing. They ordered him to come down, but he refused.The crowd got bigger as Willig climbed higher. Soon thousands of people were cheering. The police waited on the roof of the building.At 10:05 a.m., Willig finally reached the top. The police asked for his autograph and then arrested him. At first, Willig was fined $250,000. But later the mayor of New York change the fine to $1.10, or one penny for every floor of the building.Why did George Willig climb the World Trade Center? Many people said he wanted to be famous. But Willig said that is not true. He said he did it for the joy and challenge of climbing.1. How long did George Willig take to climb the Building?A) One hour. B) About 3 1/2 hours.C) About 5 hours. D) About 2 hours.2. Willig tested his equipment five times ________.A) to make sure it was safe B) to show that he could countC) to see how heavy it was D) to see how it looks3. Willig probably did not tell police about his plan because ________.A) he did not know how to find themB) he thought they would stop himC) he thought it would rainD) he was not sure whether he could climb to the top4. What reason did Willig give for climbing the building?A) For money. B) For autographs.C) For the challenge. D) For becoming famous.5. The police probably arrested Willig because he was ________.A) scaring people B) climbing too slowlyC) breaking the law D) putting the police in trouble（D）The diner is only a humble restaurant, but it has a special place in American life. Diners appear in our novels, plays, poems, and movies. Many artists have used diners as scenes for their paintings. Why are diners so fascinating to us?The diner attracts many different kinds of people. It is a haven for lonely truck drivers far away from home. Construction workers learn about new jobs in distant cities. Traveling salesmen exchange gossip with one another. Teenagers sit in their booths, eating hamburgers.The people who work in diners are also interesting. Where did the new waitress come from? Will she remain here, or will she suddenly run off one day, as the last one did? And is the short-order cook really an escaped prisoner, fleeing from the law?Everyone comes to the diner for a different reason. Some want to work there, andsome want to eat there. Some stay for years, and others stay only for a few minutes. But, for all of them, the diner is a bright, warm stopover between the endless stretches of an open road.1. What‘s the main idea of paragraph 2?A) The attraction of diners to different people. B) Food offered at diners.C) How people eat at diners. D) When people come to diners.2. The purpose of the last paragraph is to ________.A) tell us about the reason for people coming to dinersB) invite us to try diners as a stopover between stretches of an open roadC) give a summary of the whole passageD) state the major point of the paragraph3. Why do truck drivers like a dinersA) It‘s a place to gossip.B) it‘s a place for fries and a hamburger.C) It‘s a haven against loneliness.D) It‘s a place to learned about new jobs.4. Diners attract ________.A) only truck drivers B) many kinds of peopleC) novelists D) escaped prisoners5. Diners are ________.A) quiet B) unpleasant C) luxurious D) fascinating。