BEC商务英语高级真题及答案(5)
2020年商务英语(BEC)高级阅读试题及答案(卷五)
2020年商务英语（BEC）高级阅读试题及答案（卷五）Read the text about career-planning services.Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps .For each gap 9–14, mark one letter (A-H) on your Answer Sheet .Do not use any letter more than once .There is an example at the beginning .(0)Your Career Path Can Lead You AnywhereWe used to be advised to plan our careers. We were told to make a plan during the later stages of our education and continue with it through our working lives.(0)_____ some people still see careers in this way. However, to pursue a single option for life has always been unrealistic.Planning for a single career assumes that we set out with a full understanding of our likes and dislikes and the employment opportunities open to us. (9)____ For most people this degree of certainty about the future does not exist.Our initial choice of career path and employer is often based on inadequate knowledge and false perceptions. But with age and experience, we develop new interests and aptitudes and our priorities alter. The structure of the employment market and, indeed of employment itself, is subject to change as both new technologies andnew work systems are introduced (10) _____ We must face the uncertainties of a portfolio career.It is clear from the recent past that we cannot foresee the changes which will affect our working lives. The pace of change is accelerating , asa result of which traditional career plans will be of very limited use.(11)_____ They will need updating to reflect changes in our own interests as well as in the external work environment. Flexible workers already account for about half the workforce. (12)______ We are likely to face periods as contract workers, self-employed freelances, consultants, temps or part-timers.Many employers encourage staff to write a personal development development (PDP) (13)_____ Although some people use it only to review the skills needed for their job, a PDP could be the nucleus of wider career plan –setting out alternative long-term learning needs and a plan of self-development.A report issued by the Institute of Employment Studies advises people to enhance their employability by moving from traditional technical skills towards the attainment of a range of transferable skills.(14)_____ Instead, special schemes should be established to encourage people to examine their effectiveness and to consider a wider range of needs.0 A B C D E F G HA This dual effect means that the relationship between employers and workers has evolved to such and extent that we can no longer expect a long-term relationship with one employer.B. It carries an implicit assumption that we ourselves, and the jobs we enter, will change little during our working lives.C. This growth suggests that a career plan should not be expressed only in terms of full-time employment but should make provision for the possibility of becoming one of the.D this is a summary of one’s personal learning needs and an action plan to meet them.E Consequently, they must now accommodate a number of objectives and enable us to prepare for each on a contingency basis.F However, it warns that employers often identify training needs through formal appraisals, which take too narrow a view of development.G . Such a freelance of consultant would be constantly in demand.H We were expected to work towards that one clear goal and to consider a career change as a bad thing.答案:9 B 10 A 11E 12C 13D 14F9.本段是说在职业生涯中设立一个单独的目标的影响。
bec真题第五套答案解析
bec真题第五套答案解析BEC真题第五套答案解析随着全球化进程的不断加速，商务英语对于企业和职场人士来说，变得越来越重要。
其考试之一就是商务英语高级证书(BusinessEnglish Certificate, 简称BEC)。
BEC真题第五套是该证书的一套典型试卷，下面我们将对其答案进行解析。
第一部分：听力(共三篇)对于许多考生来说，BEC考试的听力部分是最具挑战性的环节之一。
本套真题的听力部分共有三篇，涉及到了不同的商务场景和语境。
下面我们将分别分析每一篇的答案。
第一篇：公司订购产品这篇听力材料主要讲述了一家公司对某种产品的订购情况。
考生需要仔细倾听对话，提取关键信息，包括产品名称、数量、价格以及付款方式等。
答案如下：1. Pena Ltd2. 1003. $80,0004. Overdraft facility第二篇：公司项目合作这篇听力材料主要向考生介绍了两家公司在某个项目上的合作情况。
考生需要注意双方之间的合作内容，包括分享资源、分工和计划等。
答案如下：5. Help distribute new products and services6. Sharing resources7. Production and marketing campaigns8. Publicity material第三篇：公司业绩分析这篇听力材料主要涉及的是一家公司的业绩分析。
考生需要了解公司的销售额、利润和市场份额等数据，以及针对业绩问题的建议和解决方案。
答案如下：9. £12 million10. 25%11. Advertising campaign12. Relaunch the product第二部分：阅读(共三篇)BEC考试的阅读部分要求考生阅读并理解商务英语材料。
本套真题的阅读部分共有三篇，涉及到了商务领域的不同主题。
下面我们将分别分析每一篇的答案。
第一篇：公司协议这篇阅读材料主要介绍了一份公司间的合作协议。
BEC商务英语(高级)听力综合模拟试卷5(题后含答案及解析)
BEC商务英语（高级）听力综合模拟试卷5(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. PART ONEPART ONE听力原文：Man: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I will talk to you about Unilever’s food factory Lowestoft. This food plant saved ￡10.4 million over four years by revolutionising its business philosophy, and, as we know, it has been named as the UK’s Factory of the Year. Then, how was this impressive feat achieved?Lowestoft, the largest frozen food plant in Europe employing 950 staff, was presented with the trophy at the Best Factory Awards ceremony run by Cranfield School of Management last week.The company also scooped the prizes for the Best Household and General Products Plant and the Best Factory in the East of England after embarking on a four-year world-class manufacturing plan that has resulted in it beating Unilever’s internal efficiency targets by 22 per cent.The Lowestoft plant is in fact more than just one factory —it is in effect a site containing four factories that produces all of Bird Eye’s red meat, poultry, frozen vegetable and potato products. There are 14 different product lines. The plant general manager Cooke’s objective from the very start has been to achieve full productivity, cut out loss and become the safest of food plant in Europe.The factory is now well on its way to achieving these objectives. Investing in the workforce has been a key factor. Instead of an ‘ us and them’ mentality,(8)Cooke has ensured that management works in partnership with the unions, and that staff are as highly trained as possible.(9)Over the last few years, 1,500 externally accredited qualifications have been issued. As a result, operational efficiency currently stands at 84 per cent. According to Cooke, an impressive record at an equivalent factory would be around 75 per cent. The factory has also beaten its cost targets for the last four years, saving Unilever ￡10.5 million. The factory has also invested in automated equipment. New machinery enables the firm to make 110 different types of food packages to meet the demands of large customers. The company has also invested in ultra-violet recognition equipment that follows the progress of individual peas on the production line and can recognise three million different colours.Safety is another key indicator of the factory’s achievements. Two years ago, the plant was awarded a Unilever gold award for improving its safety record by 90 per cent over six years. The plant has recently been nominated for Unilever’s global safety award.The Cranfield award highlights not only how far Unilever’s Lowestoft factory has come, but how much room for improvement there is in food production. This plant is at the cutting edge, and as the awards suggest, is fast becoming a model of how a modern food plant should be run.The factors I mentioned contribute a lot to the factory’s achievement, and they can also show us the future of food production...You will hear a speaker talking to a group of managers about Unilever’s food factory Lowestoft, UK’s Factory of the Year. As you listen, for questions1-12, complete the notes using up to three words or a number. You will hear the recording twice. Lowestoft, UK’s Factory of the YearHonors Gained【L1】The food plant changed its______radically, which helped it save its cost greatly.【L2】Lowestoft specialises in______.【L3】The food plant also won the prizes for the Best______and General Products Plant and the Best Factory in the East of England.【L4】The food plant beat Unilever’s internal efficiency targets by______.Business Scope & Objectives【L5】Lowestoft consists of four factories, which have 14 different______.【L6】Its general manager has always aimed at achieving______, cutting out loss and becoming the safest food plant.Measures Taken【L7】Investing in the______helps the factory to achieve these objectives.【L8】In Cooke’s plant,______is the partner of the unions.【L9】Many staff obtained externally accredited______over the last few years.【L10】The factory’s______surpasses all the equivalent factories.【L11】New automated equipment helps the factory to meet the______of large customers.【L12】The factory’s concern on______also indicates its success.1．【L1】正确答案：BUSINESS PHILOSOPHY 涉及知识点：填空题2．【L2】正确答案：FROZEN FOOD 涉及知识点：填空题3．【L3】正确答案：HOUSEHOLD 涉及知识点：填空题4．【L4】正确答案：INTERNAL EFFICIENCY TARGETS 涉及知识点：填空题5．【L5】正确答案：PRODUCT LINES 涉及知识点：填空题6．【L6】正确答案：FULL PRODUCTIVITY 涉及知识点：填空题7．【L7】正确答案：WORKFORCE 涉及知识点：填空题8．【L8】正确答案：MANAGEMENT 涉及知识点：填空题9．【L9】正确答案：QUALIFICATIONS 涉及知识点：填空题10．【L10】正确答案：OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY 涉及知识点：填空题11．【L11】正确答案：DEMANDS 涉及知识点：填空题12．【L12】正确答案：SAFETY 涉及知识点：填空题听力原文：Woman: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I am honoured to have this opportunity to talk to you. Today, I am going to say something about business ethics.Is it possible for an individual with strong moral values to make ethically questionable decisions in a business setting? What affects a person’s inclination to make either ethical or unethical decisions in a business organisation? Although the answers to those questions are not entirely clear, there appear to be three general sets of factors that influence the standards of behaviour in an organisation: individual factors, social factors and opportunity.Several individual factors influence the level of ethical behaviour in an organisation. An individual’s knowledge level regarding an issue can help to determine ethical behaviour. A decision maker with a greater amount of knowledge regarding an object or situation may take steps to avoid ethical problems, whereas a less-informed person may unknowingly take action that leads to an ethical conflict. One’s moral values and central, value-related attitudes clearly influence his or her business behaviour. Most people join organisations to accomplish personal goals. The types of personal goals an individual aspires to and the manner in which these goals are pursued have significant impact on that individual’s behaviour in an organisation.A person’s behaviour in the workplace is, to some degree, determined by cultural norms, and these social factors vary from one culture to another. For example, in some countries it is acceptable and ethical for customs agents to receive gratuities for performing ordinary, legal tasks that are a part of jobs, whereas in other countries these practices would be viewed as unethical and perhaps illegal. The actions and decisions of coworkers is another social factor believed to shape a person’s sense of business ethics. For example, if your coworkers make long-distance telephone calls on company time and at company expense, you mightview that behaviour as acceptable and ethical because everyone does it. Significant others are persons to whom someone is emotion-ally attached —spouses, friends, and relatives, for instance. Their moral values and attitudes can also affect an employee’s perception of what is ethical and unethical in the workplace.Opportunity refers to the amount of freedom an organisation gives an employee to behave ethically if he or she makes that choice. In some organisations, certain company policies and procedures reduce the opportunity to be unethical. For example, at some fast-food restaurants, one person takes your order and receives your payment and another person fills the order. This procedure reduces the opportunity to be unethical because the person handling the money is not dispensing the product, and the person giving out the product is not handling the money. The existence of an ethical code and the importance management places on this code are other determinants of opportunity. The degree of enforcement of company policies, procedures, and ethical codes is a major force affecting opportunity. When violations are dealt with consistently and firmly, the opportunity to be unethical is reduced...You will hear a speaker giving a group of managers an introduction to business ethics. As you listen, for questions 1-12, complete the notes using up to three words or a number. You will hear the recording twice. AN INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS ETHICS【L1】One doesn’t know whether strong ______can help an individual avoid making ethically questionable decisions in a business setting.【L2】It is clear that the______ may be influenced by three general sets of factors.Individual Factor【L3】The______of an individual about an issue contributes to his ethical behaviour.【L4】A decision maker with insufficient knowledge concerning an issue may take action that arouses an ethical______.【L5】Generally speaking, the reason that people join organisations is to accomplish______.Social Factors【L6】More or less, the social factors, which are also called ______, decide one’s behaviour in the workplace.【L7】In some culture, customs agents can expect______for simply finishing their ordinary jobs.【L8】What______do exerts great impact on the formation of a person’s sense of business ethics.Other Factors【L9】Proper company policies and procedures lead to the reduction of the ______ of unethical behaviour.【L10】At some fast-food restaurants, the person who receives your payment doesn’t______.【L11】The procedure which requires different people to ______and give out the product can reduce unethical behaviour.【L12】For a company, it is necessary to have its ethical code. What’s more, ______ should take this code seriously.13．【L1】正确答案：MORAL V ALUES 涉及知识点：填空题14．【L2】正确答案：STANDARDS OF BEHA VIOUR / BEHA VIOR 涉及知识点：填空题15．【L3】正确答案：KNOWLEDGE LEVEL 涉及知识点：填空题16．【L4】正确答案：CONFLICT 涉及知识点：填空题17．【L5】正确答案：PERSONAL GOALS 涉及知识点：填空题18．【L6】正确答案：CULTURAL NORMS 涉及知识点：填空题19．【L7】正确答案：GRATUITIES 涉及知识点：填空题20．【L8】正确答案：COWORKERS 涉及知识点：填空题21．【L9】正确答案：OPPORTUNITY 涉及知识点：填空题22．【L10】正确答案：FILL THE ORDER 涉及知识点：填空题23．【L11】正确答案：HANDLE THE MONEY 涉及知识点：填空题24．【L12】正确答案：MANAGEMENT 涉及知识点：填空题。
BEC商务英语高级真题及解析
BEC商务英语高级真题及解析1 Genuine feedback would release resources to be used elsewhere.2 Managers are expected to enable their staff to work effectively.3 Experts are unlikely to facilitate a move to genuine feedback.4 There are benefits when methods of evaluating performance have been negotiated.5 Appraisals tend to focus on the nature of the face-to-face relationship between employees and their line managers.6 The idea that employees are responsible for what they do seems reasonable.7 Despite experts’assertion, management structures prevent genuine feedback8 An increasing amount of effort is being dedicated to the appraisal process.Performance appraisal is on the up and up. It used to represent the one time of year when getting on with the work was put on hold while enormous quantities of management hours were spent in the earnest ritual of rating and ranking performance. Now the practice is even more frequent. This of course makes it all the more important how appraisal is conducted. Human resources professionals claim that managers should strive for objectivity and thus for feedback rather than judgement. But the simple fact of the matter is that the nature of hierarchy distorts the concept of feedback because performance measure are conceived hierarchically. Unfortunately, all too many workers suffer from the injustices that this generates.The notion behind performance appraisal- that workers should be held accountable for their performance-is plausible. However, the evidence suggests that the premise is wrong. Contrary to assumptions appraisal is not an effective means of performance improvement- it is judgement imposed rather than feedback, a judgement imposed by the hierarchy. Useful feedback , on the other hand, would be information that told both the manager and worker how well the work system functioned, and suggested ways to make it better.Within the production system at the car manufacturer Toyota, there is nothing that is recognizable as performance appraisal. Every operation in the system has an associated measure. The measure has been worked out between the operators and their manager. In every case, the measure is related to the purpose of the work. That measure is the basis of feedback to the manager and worker alike. Toyota’s basic idea is expressed in the axiom “bad news first”. Both managers and workers are psychologically safe in the knowledge that it is the system- not the worker –that is the primary influence on performance. It is management’sresponsibility to ensure that the workers operate in a system that facilitates their performance.In many companies , performance appraisal springs from misguided as assumptions. To judge achievement, managers use date about each worker’s activity, not an evaluation of the process or system’s achievement of purpose. The result is that performance appraisal involves managers’judgement overruling their staff’s, ignoring the true influences on performance. Thus the appraisal experience becomes a question of pleasing the boss, particularly in meetings, which is psychologically unsafe and socially driven, determining who is “in”and who is “out”.When judgement is replaced by feedback in the true sense, organizations will have a lot more time to devote to their customers and their business. No time will be wasted in appraisal . This requires a fundamental shift in the way we think about the organization of performance appraisals, which almost certainly will not be forthcoming from the human resources profession.关于员工评估和反馈的文章。
bec中级真题5答案解析高级
bec中级真题5答案解析高级BEC中级真题5是商务英语考试中的一套题目，主要针对商务英语中级水平的学习者。
这套题目包含了一系列的问题，涉及商务交流、市场营销、财务管理等方面。
本文将对BEC中级真题5的答案进行解析，帮助大家更好地理解和掌握商务英语知识。
首先，我们来看第一题。
该题要求考生根据提供的广告短文，为一家咖啡店撰写一则电话营销的对话。
正确的答案是：A: Good morning, Café Brew. How can I help you?B: Good morning. I saw your advertisement in the local newspaper and I'm interested in your coffee. Can you tell me more about it?A: Of course. Our coffee is made from premium Arabica beans, carefully selected and roasted to perfection. It has a rich, smooth flavor and a delightful aroma. Would you like to try it?B: Yes, I would. Can I come to your shop to taste it?A: Absolutely. We're open from 8am to 8pm every day. We look forward to seeing you.B: Great. Thank you. See you soon.解析：在这个对话中，A是咖啡店的员工，B是潜在客户。
A首先问候了B，然后B表达了对咖啡的兴趣。
接着，A用简洁明了的语言向B介绍了咖啡的特点，并主动提出让B前来品尝。
B表示愿意并询问了咖啡店的营业时间。
BEC商务英语高级真题及解析
BEC商务英语高级真题及解析1 Genuine feedback would release resources to be used elsewhere.2 Managers are expected to enable their staff to work effectively.3 Experts are unlikely to facilitate a move to genuine feedback.4 There are benefits when methods of evaluating performance have been negotiated.5 Appraisals tend to focus on the nature of the face-to-face relationship between employees and their line managers.6 The idea that employees are responsible for what they do seems reasonable.7 Despite experts’ assertion, management structures prevent genuine feedback8 An increasing amount of effort is being dedicated to the appraisal process.APerformance appraisal is on the up and up. It used to represent the one time of year when getting on with the work was put on hold while enormous quantities of management hours were spent in the earnest ritual of rating and ranking performance. Now the practice is even more frequent. This of course makes it all the more important how appraisal is conducted. Human resources professionals claim that managersshould strive for objectivity and thus for feedback ratherthan judgement. But the simple fact of the matter is that the nature of hierarchy distorts the concept of feedback because performance measure are conceived hierarchically. Unfortunately, all too many workers suffer from theinjustices that this generates.BThe notion behind performance appraisal- that workers should be held accountable for their performance-is plausible. However, the evidence suggests that the premise is wrong. Contrary to assumptions appraisal is not an effective meansof performance improvement- it is judgement imposed ratherthan feedback, a judgement imposed by the hierarchy. Useful feedback , on the other hand, would be information that told both the manager and worker how well the work system functioned, and suggested ways to make it better.CWithin the production system at the car manufacturer Toyota, there is nothing that is recognizable as performance appraisal. Every operation in the system has an associated measure. The measure has been worked out between theoperators and their manager. In every case, the measure is related to the purpose of the work. That measure is the basis of feedback to the manager and worker alike. Toyota’s basic idea is expressed in the axiom “bad news first” . Both managers and workers are psychologically safe in the knowledge that it is the system- not the worker –that is the primary influence on perf ormance. It is management’s。
bec高级真题5的答案解析
bec高级真题5的答案解析《BEC高级真题5的答案解析》BEC（商务英语证书）是一项专为国内外工作在商务领域的人士设计的英语能力测试。
通过参加BEC考试，考生可以证明其在商务环境下的英语语言和交际能力。
本文将对BEC高级真题5的答案进行解析，以帮助学生更好地理解其中的知识点和解题思路。
第一部分：阅读理解BEC高级真题5的第一部分是阅读理解，主要考察考生对商业相关文章的理解能力。
本次真题涉及到了关于公司战略、市场营销、人力资源等方面的内容，要求考生能够根据文章的细节和信息，进行推断和判断。
在阅读理解题中，一般会包括多个段落，每个段落都有一个主题或中心思想。
考生需要通过阅读全文和理解段落之间的逻辑关系，来确定正确答案。
对于每个问题，考生应该先通读所有选项，然后从文章中寻找与之相关的信息，最后选择与问题描述最吻合的答案。
特别需要注意的是，有时候正确答案可能在文章中没有明确提到，而是需要考生进行逻辑推理。
第二部分：写作BEC高级真题5的第二部分是写作，要求考生根据给出的情景和要求，撰写一篇商务类的报告或文章。
这部分主要考察考生的写作能力和商务思维。
考生需要准确把握问题的要点，并能够清晰地陈述自己的观点和理由。
在写作时，考生需要注意以下几点。
首先，要明确文章的结构和组织，包括引言、主体和结论等部分。
引言部分应该能够引起读者的兴趣，并提出问题或论点；主体部分应该具体展开论述，并且要有逻辑性和连贯性；结论部分应该对主要观点进行总结，强调自己的观点，并给出建议或展望。
其次，要注意语言的准确性和流畅性。
文章中应该使用正确的语法和词汇，避免出现拼写错误和语法错误。
同时，要注意句式的多样性和句子之间的衔接，以避免文章过于单调和枯燥。
第三部分：听力理解BEC高级真题5的第三部分是听力理解，主要考察考生对商务英语口语的理解能力。
听力部分一般包括短对话和长对话，考生需要根据听到的内容，回答与之相关的问题。
在进行听力理解时，考生应该尽量注意听到的细节和关键词，以帮助理解对话的背景和内容。
BEC商务英语高级考试历年真题
BEC商务英语高级考试历年试题〔1〕The Negotiating TableYou can negotiate virtually anything. Projects, resources, expectations and deadlines are all outcomes of negotiation. Some people negotiate deals for a living. Dr Herb Cohen is one of these professional talkers, called in by companies to negotiate on theirbehalf . He approaches the art of negotiation as a game because, as he is usually negotiating for somebody else, he says this helps him drain the emotional content from his conversation. He is working in a competitive field and needs to avoid being too adversarial. Whether he succeeds or not, it is important to him to make a good impression so that people will recommend him.The starting point for any deal, he believes, is to identify exactly what you want from each other. More often than not, one party will be trying to persuade the other round to their point of view. Negotiation requires two people at the end saying ‘yes〞. This can be a problem because one of them usually begins by saying “no〞. However, although this can make talks more difficult, this is often just a starting point in the negotiation game. Top management may well reject the idea initially because it is the safer option but they would not be there if they were not interested.It is a misconception that skilled negotiators are smooth operators in smart suits. Dr Cohen says that one of his strategies is to dress down so that the other side can relate to you. Pitch your look to suit your customer. You do not need to make them feel better than you but, For example, dressing in a style that is not overtly expensive or successful will make you more approachable. People will generally feel more comfortable with somebody who appears to be like them rather than superior to them. They may not like you but they will feel they can trust you.Dr Cohen suggests that the best way to sell your proposal is by getting into the world of the other side. Ask questions rather than give answers and take an interest in what the other person is saying, even if you think what they are saying is silly. You do not need to become their best friends but being too clever will alienate them. A lot of deals are made on impressions. Do not rush what you are saying---put a few hesitations in , do not try to blind them with your verbal dexterity. Also, you should repeat back to them what they have said to show you take them seriously.Inevitably some deals will not succeed. Generally the longer the negotiations go on, the better chance they have because people do not want to think their investment and energies have gone to waste. However , joint venture can mean joint risk and sometimes , if this becomes too great , neither party may be prepared to see the deal through . More common is a corporate culture clash between companies, which can put paid to any deal. Even having agreed a deal, things may not be tied up quickly because when the lawyers get involved, everything gets slowed down as they argue about small details.De Cohen thinks that children are the masters of negotiation. Their goals are totally selfish. They understand the decision-making process within families perfectly. If Mum refuses their request , they will troop along to Dad and pressure him. If al else fails, they will try the grandparents, using some emotional blackmail. They can also be very single-minded and have an inexhaustible supply of energy for the cause they are pursuing. So there are lesson to be learned from watching and listening to children.15 Dr Cohen treats negotiation as a game in order toA put people at easeB remain detachedC be competitiveD impress rivals16 Many people say “no〞 to a suggestion in the beginning toA convince the other party of their point of viewB show they are not really interestedC indicate they wish to take the easy optionD protect their company’s situation17 Dr Cohen says that when you are trying to negotiate you shouldA adapt your style to the people you are talking toB make the other side feel superior to youC dress in a way to make you feel comfortable.D try to make the other side like you18 According to Dr Cohen, understanding the other person will help you toA gain their friendshipB speed up the negotiationsC plan your next move.Dconvince them of your point of view19 Deals sometimes fail becauseA negotiations have gone on too longB the companies operate in different waysC one party risks more than the other.D the lawyers work too slowly20 Dr Cohen mentions children’s negotiation techniques to show that you shouldA be prepared to try every routeB try not to make people feel guiltyC be careful not to exhaust yourselfD control the decision-making process.关于negotiating techniques的文章。
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BEC商务英语高级真题及答案(5)In the last few years, managers throughout industry have seen more changes than many of them could have expected to see in their entire working lives having to communicate information which often leads to feelings of insecurity has become a key activity. From being regarded as relatively unimportant in many companies , management employee communication has become a central corporate need.Concordia International provides a good example of a company that has adjusted well to the changing needs for communication . since 1995 , Concordia has been turned inside-out and upside-down, to ensure that it is a marketing –led, customer-responsive business, one that looks outwards at customers and competitors, rather than inwards at its own processes and the way things were done in the past. In the last eight years, Concordia has reduced its workforce by more than 80.000 people - or 35% -on a voluntary basis, with further downsizing anticipated.From being an engineering company, Concordia is now remaking itself as a service company. The role of employee communication in such a context is to build people’s self-confidence, to persuade them that, although it is inevitable that the changes will go ahead, they also bring with them new opportunities for employees. However, this is not an easy task. People tend to be skeptical of these claims and to feel that they are losing touch with the company they have worked for over many years. This is understandable, since many of the old certainties are being swept away , including the core activities of the company they work for. Above all , they have had to face up to the fact that they no longer have a job for life.Research indicates that people respond to this predicament in a variety of ways. The bulk of employees fall into two main categories in terms of their response to thenew situation: on the one hand there are the “ pragmatists” and on the other “ the highly anxious” the former see their job as a means to an end and have a relatively short-term perspective, with strong loyalty to their local term , rather than the company as a whole . The second category, usually the majority, may respond to threatened changes with a feeling of having been let down, and even feel anger at the company for what they see as changing the terms of their employment.` The employee communication process needs to be capable of accurately directing its messages at a variety of employee groups and departments within the workforce . this is why middle managers and line managers are so key to communication. They are the people who know about the full rage of concerns among the workforce. The problem in the past was that this crucial area was often the responsibility of a separate, relatively isolated unit. Concordia puts responsibility for communication firmly on line managers. All their research points to the same conclusion: people prefer to get their information face-to-face from their line managers. That is the key relationship and where arguments and hearts and minds –are lost.The general rule in company communication is to tell employees as much as you can as soon as you can. If you can’t provide details, then at least put the news in context and commit yourself to providing greater detail when it becomes available another rule of company communication is that there must be a fit between what the company is telling its employees and what it is telling its shareholders.15 In the last eight years, Concordia hasA made over 80.000 employees reduncdantB completed a period of downsizingC reduced its workforce of 80.000 by 35%D given 35% of departing employees voluntary redundancy16 From Concordia’s point of view, the role of communication is toA win employee support before going ahead with the changesB change the company’s core activities.C emphasise the positive aspects of the changesD explain the need for the changes17 what does research show about most employees’response to change?A they expect it to have a bad effect on the companyB they feel completely powerlessC they become less loyalD they fell they have been treated unfairly18 Concordia’s communication process mainly relies onA printed communicationB departmental headsC personal communicationD a separate, specialized unit19 According to the writer, what is the guiding principle about giving information within an organization?A Never make promises about future developmentsB Give people an overall view at the earliest possible stageC always include plenty of hard informationD Hold back until all the details can be provided20 which of the following would be the most suitable title for the article?A employee attitudes to company communicationB making company communication more effectiveC Researching company commmucationD Making employees feel less powerless文章取材自一本管理手册，说的是一个组织里的有效沟通问题。