定语从句在句中修饰某个名词或代词
高中英语：定语从句专项讲解
高中英语：定语从句专项讲解【基础回顾】考点归纳：定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
1.关系代词引导的定语从句2.关系副词引导的定语从句3.判断关系代词与关系副词4.限制性和非限制性定语从句5.介词+关系词6.as, which 非限定性定语从句7.关系代词that 的用法一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1、who, whom, that限定性定语从句中的关系代词作主语作宾语作定语指人who/that whom/that(可省略) whose指物which/that which/that(可省略) whose指人和物that that whose非限定性定语从句中的关系代词作主语作宾语作定语指人who whom whose/of whom指物which which whose/of which特殊情况：只能用that的情况，先行词为everything，all，little，much等不定代词时；先行词被all，every，no，any，some，little，much，one修饰时；先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last修饰时；先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时；先行词有人又有物时；当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
不能用that的情况介词前置时；非限定性定语从句中先行词本身是that多用who，不用that的情况。
先行词为anyone，one，ones时；先行词为those，he和people时；这些词代替指人，whom在定语从句中指人，"who"和“that”既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略,who作宾语变为whom），that可以指人也可以指物, who不可指物。
定语从句、被动语态
专题十八：定语从句一、定语从句：1.定语从句的概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的连词叫关系词。
如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when等。
4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引导的定语从句。
关系词指代在定语从句中的作用that既指人也指物作主语、宾语which指物作主语、宾语who指人作主语whom指人作宾语whose既指人也指物作定语二、定语从句：1.先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that，which均可.但下列情况，只用that不用which。
1).当先行词为指物的不定代词，如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等时，只能用that。
There is nothing ______ I can do for you .2).先行词被the only, the very, the last, all, no, little等词修饰,只用that。
This is the very book ___ I’m looking for .3).先行词被序数词修饰时，只用that . This is the first nextbook ______ I studied in the middle school .4).先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时，只能用that。
This is the most beautiful mountain ______ I have ever seen .=I have _____ seen _____ a beautiful mountian .5).先行词既有人也有物时，只能that 。
He told us many interesting things and persons _______ we had .2.先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况，只能用which不用that。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一．定语从句的概述：1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语，从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词，who broke the window是限制性定语从句，明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句：是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子，复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语，主句是复合句的主体，可以独立存在，从句需要有一个连词引导，是修饰说明主句的，不能独立存在，根据在句中的不同作用，从句可以分为三类：定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句。
二．引导定语从句的关系词有两大类：1. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词：that, who, whom, whose, which，as（主，宾，定）关系副词：when, where, why.（状语）2. 关系词的作用：（1）引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
三．定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句1.限定性定语从句：限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或者失去意义。
定语从句
定语从句知识点一基本概念1、定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词，担任定语功能的句子叫做定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词。
2、定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句E g. ①I will cherish the days when I studied abroad.我将珍惜在国外学习的日子。
①She is a beautiful girl who drives me crazy. 她的美丽令我疯狂。
①Let's find a place where we can have a rest. 我们找一个能休息的地方吧。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等称为先行词。
先行词一般出现在定语从句之前。
E g.①Do you know the girl who is singing on the stage?（the girl是先行词）你认识在舞台上唱歌的额那个女孩儿吗？①This is the museum which was built last year.（the museum是先行词）这就是去年建成的博物馆。
有时先行词是整个句子。
They sent my child to the school every morning, which I considered a great help to me.他们每天早晨送我的孩子上学，我认为这对我是极大的帮助。
引导定语从句关系词：引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。
代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分关系代词关系副词知识点二 定语从句的分类定语从句的分类知识点三 关系代词的用法一、who\whom 的用法E g. ①He is the man who lives next door.（作主语） 他就是住在隔壁的那个男人。
①I happened to meet the the professor (who\whom) I got to know at a party in the shopping center yesterday. （作宾语）昨天在购物中心，我碰巧遇见了那位我在一次聚会上认识的教授。
定语从句在句子中的作用和修饰对象
定语从句在句子中的作用和修饰对象定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
它通常用于句子中，用来描述或限制名词或代词的含义。
在英语中，定语从句可以通过关系代词或关系副词引导。
本文将探讨定语从句在句子中的作用以及修饰对象，并通过例子帮助读者更好地理解。
一、定语从句的作用定语从句在句子中扮演着修饰名词或代词的角色，起到进一步说明、限定和描述的作用。
通过定语从句，我们可以添加更多的信息，丰富句子的含义，使语言更加准确、生动。
以下是一些常见的定语从句的作用：1. 说明身份和特征：定语从句可以用来说明一个人或物体的身份和特征。
例如："The woman who is wearing a red dress is my sister."（穿着红色裙子的女士是我的姐姐。
）2. 限定范围：定语从句可以用来限定一个范围，让读者更明确所指的对象。
例如："I want to buy a book that is written by John Green."（我想买一本约翰·格林写的书。
）3. 描述性质和属性：定语从句可以用来描述一个事物的特性和属性。
例如："The car, which is very expensive, belongs to my friend."（这辆车非常昂贵，是我朋友的。
）二、定语从句的修饰对象定语从句可以修饰不同种类的名词或代词，包括人、物、地点、时间等。
具体来说，定语从句可以修饰：1. 人：关系代词"who"和"whom"用来修饰人，"whose"用来表示所属关系。
例如："She is the woman who helped me yesterday."（她是昨天帮助我的那个女人。
）2. 物：关系代词"which"用来修饰物，"whose"同样用来表示所属关系。
1 定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般
injured in the accident?
【结论5】指人时，定语从句中的关系代词只能用
who的情况：
①当先行词是anyone, those时，只用who。
②有两个定语从句皆指人时，其中一个关系代词
已用that，另一个宜用who。
【完成例句】 (16)那个门破了的教室在二楼。 The classroom whose door / the door of which / of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 【结论6】whose可以指代人或物，在定语从句 中作定语， 后跟名词。指物时，whose ＋ 名 词＝ of which ＋名词 ＝ 名词＋ of which。
known to all. (4)每家有台电视,30年前我们认为是不可能的，现 在实现了。
To own a TV set in each family, which we think was impossible 30 years ago, now has become true.
例如：Harry Potter is the most interesting novel that I have read. (that I have read是定语从句；novel 是先行词；that 是关系代词，代替先行词novel， 在从句中作have read的宾语。)
个主句，相当于and this或and that。二者的区别主 要在于：
①as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以在主句前， 也可以在主句后，有时还可以在插入句中，常带有 “正如……，正像……”的意思。而which引导的非 限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后，翻译成“这”。
英语语法 定语从句可以在句子中起什么作用
英语语法定语从句可以在句子中起什么作用定语从句在句子中可以起到以下几种作用：1. 修饰名词或代词：定语从句主要作用是修饰名词或代词，为其提供更多的信息和限定其范围。
通过定语从句，我们可以进一步描述被修饰名词或代词的特征、性质、身份等。
定语从句可以用于修饰各种不同类型的名词，如人、物、地点、时间等。
- e.g. The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.（坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我的最好的朋友。
）- e.g. The book that I'm reading is very interesting.（我正在读的那本书很有趣。
）2. 确定名词的身份或归属关系：定语从句可以帮助我们确定名词的身份或归属关系。
通过定语从句，我们可以了解名词所属的人、物、组织或地点等，从而更清楚地理解上下文中的信息。
- e.g. The man whose car was stolen reported the incident to the police.（车被盗的那个人向警方报告了这一事件。
）- e.g. The city where I was born is very beautiful.（我出生的城市非常美丽。
）3. 限定名词的范围：定语从句可以帮助我们限定名词的范围，使句子更加具体和准确。
通过定语从句，我们可以排除一些不符合条件或不相关的选项，从而更好地表达我们的意思。
- e.g. The car that is parked outside is mine.（停在外面的那辆车是我的。
）- e.g. Do you know the person who won the lottery?（你知道中彩票的那个人吗？）4. 表达偏好或评价：定语从句也可以用于表达我们的偏好、评价或观点。
通过定语从句，我们可以对被修饰名词进行评价或提出观点，使句子更具表达力和效果。
定语从句
2) Who 引导定语从句时，其先行词必须是人。Who 通常在从句中作主语，有时也可代替在从句中担当 宾语的whom，但前边不能有介词；如有介词，则 必须用宾 格whom，如：The lady who/whom the gentleman wants to see is in Beijing. The lady with whom the gentleman wants to talk is in Beijing. 3)先行词由不定代词all、much、little、something、 everything、anything、nothing、none、the one等担任 时，引导词要用that。这一点也是高考的一个重要 考点。
例：York, _____ last year, is a nice old city. (2003北京) A. that I visited B. which I visited C. where I visited D. in which I visited 解析：B。该句的意思是“我去年去了约克，那是一座 很好的古城。”前后句子间由逗号隔开，为非限定性 定语从 句。从句中缺少宾语，用关系代词which， 选B。
二、物用 which人用who，不定代词用that
1) 在非限定性定语从句中，如先行词是物或指代整 个句子时，引导词只宜用which或as，不能用that， 如： Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city. 在限定性定语从句中，which和that在指代物的时候 常常可以通用，但当关系代词作介词的宾语时，只 能用which，而不用that，如： This is the hotel in which you will stay.
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1、定语从句在句中修饰某个名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句需用下列关联词：关系代词关系副词起连词作用，本身做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语起连词作用，本身在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语who, whom, that, whose, which, as when, where, why2、掌握以上关系代词、关系副词的含义及使用时，要特别注意以下几点：1）指人时宜用who 的情况：a. 当先行词是one, ones, anyone 或those 时，关系代词用who。
Anyone who goes there will be punished.b. 在there be 开头的句子中。
There’s a beautiful girl who came to see you this morning.c. 先行词后有一个较长的定语。
I met a foreigner in the city last week who could speak Chinese well.d. 在非限定性定语从句中。
She has a brother, who worked at that factory ten years ago.2) 指物时宜用that 的情况：a. 当先行词为all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时。
All that can be done has been done.b. 当先行词既指人又指物时。
He spoke of the men and the thing (that) he had seen abroad.c. 当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。
This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.d. 当先行词被the very, the only, the last, any, every 等修饰时。
This is one of the very book that I am looking for.e. 当先行词是疑问词who, what, which 时。
Who that has such a home does n’t love it?f. 关系代词在从句中作表语。
Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.3) 只能用which 不能用that 的情况。
a. 引导非限定性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子。
Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smoking.Tom came back late, which made his parents very angry.b. 关系代词作介词的宾语。
This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.4) 关系代词as 和which都能引导非限定性定语从句代表整个句子的内容，as引导的从句可位于句首或句末，which引导的定语从句则不能位于句首。
Which you know, he is a good man. (×)As you know, he is a good man. (√)6)关系副词when, where, why其含义相当于on which, in which for which等，可以互换：The day when /on which I met him first was May 1st.I don’t know the reason why /for which he didn’t come.7)whose指物时，可以与of which等结构互换，但应注意与冠词的位置关系：This is the book the cover of which / of which the cover / whose cover is blue.8)有时可用代替关系副词。
在口语中常省略。
This is the reason (why / for which / that) he came late.9)先行词是专有名词、整个句子或世界上独一无二的物质名词时，一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。
The sun, which gives us light and heat, is very big.2、10)在先行词和定语从句之间有无逗号有时会引起名义的变化：He said nothing that made her angry. 他没说使她生气的话。
He said nothing, which made her angry. 他一言不发，这使她很生气。
3、定语从句与强调结构It is the place where they lived before.It is in the place that they lived before.第一个句子为定语从句，where指代the place，在定语从句中作状语，第二个句子为强调结构，强调in the place, that没有意义，把放回后面句子，句子意思完整。
Where is it that he found the lost watch? (强调句型，强调疑问副词where.)Where is the watch he found yesterday? (定语从句，that指代the watch.)4、定语从句中的先行词Is this book the one that you bought yesterday?Is this the book that you bought yesterday?第一个句子中，this book是主句的主语，the one是先行词。
在第二个句子中this是主句的主语，the book是先行词。
一定要避免出现：Is this book that you bought yesterday?5、定语从句与同位语从句定语从句相当于形容词，它对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用，而同位语从句则相当于名词，对其前面的词给予说明或作进一步解释，即说明该词所表示的具体内容。
例如：The news that we heard is not true. (定语从句)The news that he won the prize is not true. （同位语从句）另: 在“have no idea ＋从句”结构中，其从句都作idea的同位语。
例如：I have no idea when she will be back.定语从句专项练习1. I shall never forget those years ___________ I lived in the country with the farmers, _________ has a great effect on my life.A. that; whichB. when; whichC. which; thatD. when; who2. Wilma became the first American woman to win three Olympic gold medals in track, _______ made her mother very proud.A. itB. thatC. whichD. this3. Can you tell me the name of the factory ____________ you visited last week?A. whatB. whereC. /D. when4. I don’t like the way ___________ you speak to her.A. /B. in thatC. whichD. of which5. The most important thing __________ we should pay attention to is the first thing ______ I have said.A. which; thatB. that; whichC. which; whichD. that; that6. She spent the whole evening talking about the things and persons __________ none of us hasever heard of.A. whichB. whoC. whomD. that7. He never reads anything _________ is not worth reading.A. whichB. asC. whoD. that8. I have bought such a watch ___________ was advertised on TV.A. thatB. whichC. asD. it9. _______ was expected, he failed in the exam.A. ThatB. AsC. WhichD. It10. I can never forget the day _________ we worked together and the day ________ we spent together.A. when; whichB. which; whenC. what; thatD. on which; when11. The children climbed up the hill, _________ they picnicked.A. on its topB. on the top of itC. on whose topD. on the top of that12. I still remember the day __________ I first came to the college.A. on whichB. in whichC. at whichD. which13. They will never forget the day _________ they got married.A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. when14. He makes good use of the time _________ he can spare.A. whenB. thatC. in thatD. in which15. The factory ___________ his mother works is in the east of the city.A. thatB. whichC. on whichD. where16. The place _________ interested me most was the Children’s Palace.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. in which17. That is the reason ________ he wasn’t here yesterday.A. whyB. whichC. on whichD. in which18. That is the reason ________ he can’t say.A. whyB. thatC. whatD. in which19. You have no idea _________ worried I was.A. howB. howeverC. thatD. where。