雅思考试中的正式与非正式英语讲解

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正式写作与非正式写作formal writing VS informal writing课件(35张

正式写作与非正式写作formal writing VS informal writing课件(35张

• 判断: which one is formal writing?
• 1. Whom are you waiting for? • 2. Who are you waiting for? • 3. He is the person whom I met the other day. • 4. He is the person who I met the other day.
•Someone killed a rich woman last night. A rich woman was killed (by someone) last night.
• 判断: which one is formal writing? 1.The sweet song came in through the window. 2.Through the window came in the sweet song.
• 判断: which one is formal writing?
• 1. You never knows what may happen. • 2. One never know what may happen.
• 3. We all know that success comes from the sweat. • 4. It is known that success comes from the sweat. 6. 第三人称比第一,二人称更正式。
change the following sentences into more formal sentences:
1. As he is a farmer, he usually gets up early in the morning. Being a farmer, he usually gets up early in the morning.

正式英语与非正式英语的主要区别

正式英语与非正式英语的主要区别

正式英语与非正式英语的主要区别正式英语与非正式英语的主要区分Main Differences between Formal and Informal EnglishOne of the greatest fears affecting non native speakers of English is not just being misunderstood but also being inappropriate when trying to express something. People often speak of language as being correct or incorrect. It would be more accurate to refer to particular language structures as being formal or informal, appropriate or inappropriate for a specific context.In everyday conversation we do not have to follow the rules of grammar as carefully as we would in a formal address or a business letter. If we adhere too closely to formal rules of grammar in an informal situation, we may come across as being stuffy and unnatural. It is like wearing a tuxedo or a formal gown to an ordinary business meeting. Formal English follows rules of grammar very strictly. Sentences tend to be longer and more complex. It tends to be used in professional and business situations. It is also better organizedand thought out.Informal English on the other hand is generally used with friends and family. A number of grammar expressions have common forms which differ in their formal or informal use. These differences are noted both in written and spoken English. However, they are most notable in written English.As seen in ESL lessons, participating effectively not only requires a solid grasp of English grammar, but also an understanding of key communication factors. If you want more helpful language hints as to themost appropriate forms ofEnglish or key points to take into consideration each time you are usingEnglish, read on.Contracted Forms连写Formal - Don’t use contracted forms, use the entire auxiliary verb: They havelived in New York for many years.Informal - Use contracted forms: They’ve lived in New York for many years.Relative Structures从句Formal - Use relative structures: The woman thought that it was important tobe on time.Informal - Drop certain relative structures: The woman thought it was importantto be on time.The Use of ‘Whom’ “whom"的运用Formal - Use ‘whom’ as an object: Whom have they chosen for the position? Informal - Use ‘who’ as an object: Who have they chosen for the position?Auxiliary Verb Usage助动词的使用Formal - Always use the full form of an auxiliary: Have you finished your work? Informal - Sometimes the auxiliary verb is dropped in informal speech. Note: This is often grammatically incorrect, but is certainly common in everydayusage: Finished your work?Word Choice 动词的挑选Formal - Many words tend to be used in more formal situations. For example,certain verbs tend to be used in formal situations, but have other synonyms (often phrasal verbs) that are used in informal situations. Also, it uses more vocabulary derived from French and Latin (bigger words) It uses moresynonyms and doesn’t repeat the same words as much. The policeinvestigated the situation.Informal synonym: We looked into the situation.Passive structures 被动句Formal - It uses more indirect language, making it less personal. The studentwas given a book.Informal synonym: We gave the student a book.If you liked this article, tell all your friends about it. They’ll thank you for it. If you have a blog or web site, you can link to it or even post it to your own site (don’t forget to mention as the original source).文档内容到此结束,欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。

电子邮件中的正式非正式区别

电子邮件中的正式非正式区别

Whether you’re writing to friends, colleagues or to a potential business partner, your main goal is to get your message across, in other words, to ensure the recipient understands you.无论你是给朋友、同事,还是给潜在的商业伙伴写信,主要目标是让你的信息被理解,换句话说,确保收件人理解你。

If you use improper or incorrect language and continuously make mistakesin your e-mail, not only might you fail to make yourself understood, you might also fail to make a good impression on the reader.如果你使用不适当的或不正确的语言,并且不断地在电子邮件中犯错,这样读者不仅无法理解你,你也可能无法给读者留下好印象。

To avoid this, you can run your e-mail through a grammar and spell checker, however, this in itself won’t guarantee that you’re using the right words and expressions.为了避免这种情况,你可以通过语法和拼写检查器来检查电子邮件,但是,这并不能保证你使用的是正确的单词和表达方式。

In this article, you’ll find examples of lang uage that are commonly used in different types of emails, and hopefully, you’ll find the most appropriate one for your message.在本文中,您将发现在不同类型的电子邮件中常用的语言示例,希望能为你想传达的信息找到最合适的范例。

英语中常见的正式表达方式与非正式表达方式

英语中常见的正式表达方式与非正式表达方式

在正式的场合需要使用正式的表达方式,表达敬意和严谨;在非正式场合使用非正式的表达方式,拉近彼此之间的距离,提高谈话的弹性和舒适性,以下列举常见的正式表达方式与对应的非正式表达方式。

1. 你好吗?How do you do? >>——-<< What’s up?解析:What's up 的发音还可以是 wassup 或 whaddup,在非正式场合中,”What's up“ 是一个非常随便的问候语,表面上译为”怎么了或发生什么事了“,实际上不涉及对某些事的具体更新信息,相当于 what is the matter 或 what is happening,例如:'What's up?', I said to him.—'Nothing much,' he answered.“怎么了?”,我对他说。

—没什么,他回答。

2. 很高兴见到你It is a pleasure to meet you >>——<< Nice to meet you3. 在你方便的时候尽早At your earliest convenience >>——<< As soon as you can4. 担心你,关心你Concerned about you >>——<< Worried about you5. 首先Firstly , >>——<< To start with/…, For a start6. 代我向…问好Give my regards to >>——<< Say hello to7. 你最近有她的消息吗?Have you heard from her lately? >>——<< Heard from her lately?8. 你看到过汤姆吗?Have you seen Tom? >>——<< Seen Tom?9. 我同意安娜…的看法/安娜是正确的I agree with my colleague, Anna, that… >>——<< Anna’s right.10. 我想提醒你的是…I would like to remind you that… >>——<< Don’t forget11. 非常感谢I appreciate your assistance ! >>——<< Thanks a lot!12. 由于…In light of the fact that >>——<< Because13. 我认为…It is my opinion that… >>——<< I think…14. 我需要做…It is necessary for me to… >>——<< I need to…15. 你不必…It is not necessary for you to… >>——<< You don’t hafta (不得不,只好)…16. 我们建议…It is recommended >>——<< We recommend17. 很抱歉,…/因…,很抱歉Please accept our apologies for… >>——<< Sorry…18. 而且,此外Secondly/ Besides / Furthermore, >>——<< Another good thing is/ What’s more/ Not only that,19. 最后Lastly, >>——<< And one of the best things is…/ And best of all, / The most important thing is…20. 她能…She has the ability >>——<< She can21. 该计划已付诸实践The plan was implemented / carried out >>——<< They put the plan into action22. 我们的目的地Our destination >>——<< The place where we want to go23. 我很抱歉地通知你…I regret to inform you of… >>——<< I’m sorry to tell you that…24. 你能…I was hoping that you could… >>——<< Could you…?25. 不成问题It will cease to be a problem >>——<< It won’t be a problem anymore26. 人们开始厌倦这些事。

雅思考试内容和形式详解

雅思考试内容和形式详解

雅思考试内容和形式详解雅思考试,全称International English Language Testing System,是一个全球通用的英语语言测试,旨在评估非英语国家的学生和移民的英语语言能力。

雅思考试主要分为四个模块:听力、阅读、写作和口语。

本文将详细介绍每个模块的内容和形式。

一、听力(Listening)雅思听力考试主要测试考生听懂英语的能力。

考试分为四个部分,共40道题,总时长为40分钟。

听力考试的内容包括日常生活场景、学术场景和社交场景等。

考生需要通过听取录音,在答题纸上回答相关问题或完成相应的任务。

题型包括选择题、填空题、匹配题等。

二、阅读(Reading)雅思阅读考试主要测试考生阅读理解和获取信息的能力。

考试分为三个部分,共40道题,总时长60分钟。

阅读考试的内容包括各种文本,如新闻报道、学术论文、广告宣传、说明书等。

考生需要通过阅读文本,在答题纸上回答相关问题或完成相应的任务。

题型包括选择题、填空题、判断正误题等。

三、写作(Writing)雅思写作考试主要测试考生书面表达的能力。

考试分为两个任务,总时长为60分钟。

第一部分是图表描述,考生需要根据给定的图表或图表组合,对数据进行描述和分析。

第二部分是论点陈述,考生需要根据给定的主题,写一篇250字左右的短文表达自己的观点。

写作考试的题目涵盖各个领域,如教育、环境、科技、社会等。

四、口语(Speaking)雅思口语考试主要测试考生口语交流的能力。

考试分为三个部分,总时长11-14分钟。

第一部分是考官对考生的简单提问,考生需要回答一些基本问题。

第二部分是给考生一个题目,准备1分钟后进行2分钟的个人陈述,主要考察考生的口头表达能力。

第三部分是与考官进行讨论,就给定的主题进行对话,考察考生的交流能力。

综上所述,雅思考试包括听力、阅读、写作和口语四个部分,分别对应不同的语言能力。

考生可以通过熟悉考试内容和形式,并进行针对性的练习,提高自己的英语水平,取得更好的考试成绩。

雅思口语part2话题:婚礼

雅思口语part2话题:婚礼

雅思口语part2话题:婚礼雅思口语经常谈论的话题都是生活中常见的话题,平时多注意积累,总结出属于自己的答题思路和套路,才能在口语考场上游刃自如哦!接下来就跟小编一起来看看雅思口语part2话题:婚礼吧!雅思口语Part2:你参加过的婚礼Describe a wedding that you have attended.You should say:whose wedding it waswho was therewhat happenedand explain how you felt.Today, I’m going to share with you a wedding of my friend that I attended. Last month, I received a wedding invitation from my old friend from primary school. The wedding was held at the beginning of April. We have been close to each other for over 15 years, therefore, I definitely wanted to attend at all costs, due to the fact that we hadn’t had a chance to get together for ages.今天,我要和大家分享我朋友的婚礼。

上个月,我收到了我小学老朋友的婚礼邀请。

婚礼在四月初举行。

我们已经在一起超过15年了,所以我很想不惜一切代价去参加,因为我们很久没有见面了。

Her wedding ceremony took place at The Sum Villa, located near West Lake. It was decorated impressively with a lot of lights, candles and flowers around the room. There were three glamorous wedding photo albums, showing tables right at the center of the official gate. The principal colors were likely to be white and violet, so all the guests were requested to wear clothes with one or both of these colors. Personally, I wore a white dress with small accessories.她的婚礼在位于西湖附近的Sum别墅举行。

非正式学习学习可以分为正式学习(FORMA1LEARNING)与非正式学习

非正式学习学习可以分为正式学习(FORMA1LEARNING)与非正式学习

非正式学习学习可以分为正式学习(Forma1 Learning)与非正式学习(Informal Learning)两种基本形式。

国外于上世纪五十年代首次提出了正式学习、非正式学习的概念,但对其研究的关注则是从上个世纪末开始的,我国学者对于非正式学习的研究只是近几年的事情。

“正式学习”主要是指在学校的学历教育和参加工作后的继续教育;而“非正式学习”指在非正式学习时间和场所发生的,通过非教学性质的社会交往来传递和渗透知识,由学习者自我发起、自我调控、自我负责的学习。

非正式学习无处不在,生活中随时随处都能发生,当它融入人们的生活、自然的发生时是很有意义的。

非正式学习可以是有明确目的的也可以是偶然性的。

有无目的性是另外一种学习形式划分的纬度,正式学习与非正式学习的学习结果都可能是预先期望的也都可能是偶然性的。

有些非正式学习具有清晰的目标,如改进一个软件或学习使用一种新工具。

多数时候非正式学习的目标并不是清晰明确的,如理解公司的文化、对新角色找到“感觉”等。

一、时代发展呼唤非正式学习21世纪是知识经济的时代,当思想、信息、创新成为重要资本的时候,终身学习成为首要大事,要么不断发展自己紧跟时代,要么被淘汰。

学习不再是一个阶段性活动,而是伴随人一生的行为,与人们的生活整合;学习的内涵与形式更加丰富,学习不再仅仅是接受知识,学习意味着能够发现问题并解决问题,完成一件事情需要的是有好的“链接”,包括人力“链接”和网络链接(资源)。

会不会学习已经成为决定成功的首要因素,“对成功起着更大作用的不是‘know what’而是‘know who’”(Rob Cross ,IBM white paper,Susan Ko and Steve Rossen,2002)。

对于离开校园走上工作岗位的成人来说,学习主要是非正规学习、非正式学习,非正式学习无论对组织还是个人都是至关重要的。

在过去的30年里500强中超过半数的业务或机构都进行了重组或精简(Marsick&Volpe,1999),大部分人职业都有变化,面临新的知识需求。

【双语美文】FormallanguageandInformallanguage正式语言和非正式语言

【双语美文】FormallanguageandInformallanguage正式语言和非正式语言

01、Formal language and Informal language 正式语言和非正式语言You probable have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways depending on the situation they are in. This is very natural. All languages have two general levels of usage —a formal level and an informal level. English is no exception. The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a particular level. 你或许注意到人们会用不同的方式表达类似的观点,这取决于他们所处的环境。

这种现象很自然。

所有语言都有两个普遍的使用层次——正式层面和非正式层面。

英语也不例外。

两个层次的区别在于你使用语言的语境。

Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, reference books and in business letters. You would also use formal English in compositions and essays that you write in school. Informal language is used in conversation with colleagues, family members and friends, and when we write personal notes of letters to close friends. 正式语言是在课本、参考书和商业信函中出现的语言。

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雅思考试中的正式与非正式英语讲解正式英语
正式英语主要应用于写作中。

这种文体格式通常带有学术性的写作口吻,通常见于学术课本,大学论文,商业信函和合同中。

在口语表达方面,正式英语通常只用于官方或正式场合,例如,在大学毕业典礼上正式欢迎来宾。

正式英语比日常用语使用更多的复杂词汇。

例如,正式用语常常比日常对话使用“更庞大”的词汇。

如以下几个多音节词compensate,ascend 和interrogate。

正式用语还常常使用单个动词(如establish)来代替简单的短语动词(如set up)。

此外,在正式用语中还要尽量避免俚语和口语的出现。

当正式用语应用于写作中时,句子通常较长,较为复杂,也应严格遵循语法规则。

正式写作中,通常较为客观,经常使用it这样的非人称代词和动词的被动形式。

应该尽量避免缩略语和缩写单词的出现。

非正式英语和流行英语
非正式英语是大多数人们日常所说的英语。

非正式英语广泛应用于电子邮件和朋友书信中。

使用非正式英语的人们对词汇的选择不太在意,如:非正式英语使用很多较短的单词(如fire,climb和ask),使用许多口语词汇(如stuff, a lot of,thing和sort of),还很使用一些短语动词(如使用set up ,而不用establish)。

非正式英语在语法上没有正式英语要求严格,常使用简单的语法结构和比较松散的句子或短语。

在写作中,非正式英语比正式英语常常使用更加个人化的文体,常用第一,第二人称(例如I ,you,we)。

缩写单词(如常常使用it’s,而不是it is)也常常见于非正式英语之中。

而且,非正式英语比正式的写作句式通常更短。

在正式英语写作中,常常使用较为正式的标点符号---而避免分号(;)和冒号(:)的出现,非正式英语则可以出现。

流行英语很少应用于写作中,大多是用于口语之中。

非正式英语中包括大量的俚语。

俚语就是一些非正式的,在礼节性的演讲和正式场合常常被看作不合适的单词或短语表达。

俚语常常由固定的社会团体或职业人群使用。

关于短语动词
人们使用非正式英语谈话或写作时,经常使用短语动词(也叫做多个单词或多部分动词)。

以下是几组例子。

括号中是其对应的正式用语。

短语动词和其对应的单个动词
要求ask for (request)订约go down with (contract)
建立set up (establish)处理deal with (handle)
发现find out (discover)欺骗take in (deceive)
短语动词在口语中较为常见。

然而,比起其对应的单个动词不太正式。

在正式写作中,作者常常更倾向于使用单个动词,例如examine和devise,而不使用短语动词,如look at 和come up with。

请对比下页表格中的每对动词。

虽然在正式英语中,倾向于使用较短的短语动词,但是如果真的使用了这些短于动词句子也不为错误。

然而,如果有比短语动词更为简短的单个动词,最好使用单个动词。

不要认为在雅思写作考试中使用多个短语动词会使文章不太正式。

实际上,在许多情景之中---甚至是在非常正式的文体中---短语动词依然是确切表达文章主旨的方式。

例如,put on 比起其更加正式的用语don来说,更加自然贴切。

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