过去完成时和虚拟语气讲解和练习
过去完成时的讲解和练习题(完整解析)
过去完成时的讲解和练习题(完整解析)过去完成时是英语中表示过去某个时间或事件之前已经完成的动作或状态的一种时态。
本文将对过去完成时的用法进行讲解，并提供一些练题进行练。
一、过去完成时的用法1. 表示过去某个时间或事件之前已经完成的动作或状态。
例如：- I had already ___.（当我的朋友给我打电话时，我已经完成了作业。
）- They had already left when we arrived at the party.（当我们到达派对时，他们已经离开了。
）2. 过去完成时与过去时间状语连用。
过去完成时常与表示过去的时间状语连用，例如：before, after, when, by the time, until等。
例如：- She had already bought the tickets before I arrived.（我到达之前，她已经买了票。
）- By the time he woke up, the sun had already risen.（他醒来时，太阳已经升起了。
）二、练题1. 根据括号中的提示，用过去完成时填空。
- When I arrived at the office, he ___ (finish) the task.（完成任务）- They _____ (leave) the party before we got there.（离开派对）- By the time I woke up, she ___ (cook) breakfast.（做早饭）2. 将以下句子改写为过去完成时。
- He had already booked the hotel before they arrived.（在他们到达之前，他已经预订了酒店。
）- We went to the cinema after they had left.（他们离开后，我们去了电影院。
）3. 根据句意，选择合适的动词完成下列句子。
虚拟语气中过去式和过去完成式的用法详讲
虚拟语气中过去式和过去完成式的用法详讲虚拟语气中过去式和过去完成式的用法详解虚拟语气是表达一种假设情况、愿望、建议、命令等不真实或未实现的语气。
在虚拟语气中，过去式和过去完成式的运用较为常见。
本文将详细讲解虚拟语气中过去式和过去完成式的用法。
一、过去式的用法过去式在虚拟语气中表示与现在事实相反的情况，可用于以下几个方面：1. 假设的情况过去式用于表示与现实情况相反或不可能实现的假设情况。
例如：If I were taller, I could reach the top shelf.（如果我个子更高，我就能够够到顶层架子了。
）2. 虚拟的愿望过去式也可用于表达现在或未来无法实现的愿望。
例如：I wish I had more free time to travel.（我希望有更多的自由时间来旅行。
）3. 虚拟的建议过去式还能用于表示现在或未来无法实现的建议。
例如：I suggest you studied harder for the exam.（我建议你更加努力地学习考试。
）二、过去完成式的用法过去完成式表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，用于以下几个方面：1. 若仅有一个动词时过去完成式可以单独使用，表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
例如：He had already left when I arrived.（当我到达时，他已经离开了。
）2. 若有两个动词时过去完成式常与其他动词结合使用，表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
例如：She told me she had finished her work.（她告诉我她已经完成了工作。
）3. 虚拟假设过去完成式还可用于表示对过去事实的虚拟假设。
例如：If I had known the truth, I would have acted differently.（如果我早就知道真相，我会有所不同的行动的。
）综上所述，虚拟语气中过去式和过去完成式的运用较为常见。
最新过去完成时和虚拟语气讲解和练习
过去完成时注意：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，动作发生的时间是"过去的过去".它是一个相对的时态，只有在和过去某个时间或动作相比较时才会用到。
E.g. By the end of the match，they had kicked two goals.We had already had lunch before we arrived there.其结构是"had+过去分词".它的否定句是在had后边加not，变一般疑问句是把had提前。
E.g. I had reached the station before 9：00 o'clock.I had not reached the station before 9：00 o'clock.Had you reached the station before 9：00 o'clock？它通常和before，by the end of 等引导的表示过去的时间状语连用。
1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。
如：I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.（ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如：We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.（ 3 ）before + 过去的时间点。
如：They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。
虚拟语气的三种时态表格
虚拟语气的三种时态表格虚拟语气是表达虚拟条件、虚拟愿望、虚拟假设等意义的语气。
在英语中，虚拟语气主要有三种时态形式，包括过去时的虚拟语气、过去完成时的虚拟语气和将来时的虚拟语气。
虚拟语气的使用对语言的表达能力起着重要的作用，能够使语言更为丰富和精确。
本文将就虚拟语气的三种时态形式进行详细的讲解，希望能给读者带来一定的帮助。
一、过去时的虚拟语气1.过去时的虚拟语气用于表示与现在事实相反的假设和虚拟条件。
例如：If I were a bird, I would fly high in the sky.（如果我是一只鸟，我就能飞到天空中）。
2.虚拟条件从句中动词be用were代替was，其他动词形式保持不变。
例如：If I were you, I would not do that.（如果我是你，我就不会那样做）。
3.过去时的虚拟语气还可用于表达对现在的愿望。
例如：I wishI were a millionaire.（我希望我是个百万富翁）。
4.过去时的虚拟语气还可用于表达对过去事实的否定。
例如：If she had tried harder, she would have passed the exam.（如果她努力一点，她就能通过考试）。
二、过去完成时的虚拟语气1.过去完成时的虚拟语气用于表示对过去情况的假设和虚拟条件。
例如：If I had known it, I would have helped you.（如果我知道了，我就会帮助你）。
2.过去完成时的虚拟语气常与if引导的条件从句连用，表示过去的假设情况。
例如：If you had asked me, I would have told you.（如果你问我，我就告诉你）。
3.过去完成时的虚拟语气还可用于表达对过去情况的遗憾或后悔。
例如：I wish I had studied harder when I was in school.（我希望我在学校时更努力地学习）。
虚拟语气讲解及练习题(含答案和解释)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
虚拟语气(讲义及练习)
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的难以实现的愿望或假设，或者表达建议，命令，劝告等语气，不表示客观事实。
虚拟语气是通过谓语动词的词性变换来实现的。
I.带If条件句的虚拟语气3．需要注意的几点重要问题1)should通常只用于第一人称，would可用于任何人称。
有时候也可用might,could。
2)一般情况下，主从句所指的时间是一致的，但有时候也可能不一致，这时候应对主句和从句的时间分别进行分析，从而确定主从句谓语动词各自的正确形式。
1)If you had taken his advice, you wouldn’t be in such a big trouble now.2)If I had finished my homework yesterday, I would go out with you tomorrow.3)当If条件句中含有were, had, should的时候，可以省略if，并将were, had, 或should移到句首形成倒装，句子的其余部分保持不变。
1)Had she got more money, she would have finished his MA study.2)Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.3)Were I in school again, I would work harder.4)Were I to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about the result.II.含蓄条件句有些条件句中并不出现if，而是使用介词短语（but for; with; without等）或是连接词（but; but that; or; otherwise等），此时并不是全句都需要使用虚拟语气，要根据具体的句意来确定句子应该使用虚拟语气的部分，并按照含有if条件句虚拟语气的主句谓语动词变换规则进行动词变换。
过去完成时的详细讲解和练习题(全面解析)
过去完成时的详细讲解和练习题(全面解析)一、过去完成时的概念过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
* We had finished our dinner when he arrived.（他来的时候我们已经吃完晚饭了。
）* When I got to the cinema, the film had started.（当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。
）二、过去完成时的构成过去完成时的构成：had + 过去分词。
基本结构：主语 + had + 过去分词+ …* She had already left when I arrived.（我到的时候她已经离开了。
）* I had finished my work before he called.（他打电话之前我已经完成了我的工作。
）三、过去完成时的用法1. 表示过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。
* They had gone out before I arrived.（我到之前他们就已经离开了。
）* She had read the book before she went to bed.（她在睡觉前已经读过那本书了。
）2. 表示过去的过去，即在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
常和过去时连用。
* He said that he had visited the museum before.（他说他以前去过博物馆。
）* She had finished her homework when her mother came back.（当她妈妈回来时，她已经完成了作业。
）四、过去完成时的练题1. __________(you, finish) your homework before you went to bed last night?2. By the time we arrived, the party __________(start) .3. I __________(not, see) the movie before last night.4. Before I came to China, I __________(study) Chinese for three years.5. They __________(already, leave) when I got to the station.【答案】1. Had you finished your homework before you went to bed last night?2. By the time we arrived, the party had started.3. I had not seen the movie before last night.4. Before I came to China, I had studied Chinese for three years.5. They had already left when I got to the station.。
过去完成时态讲解及练习
完毕时态1）过去完毕时态的构成：必定式：had +动词的过去分词否认式：hadn't + 动词的过去分词疑问式：Had … + 动词的过去分词简略回答: Yes, 主+ have/has had.No, 主+ had 现在完毕时的使用方法2)过去完毕时合用场合1.过去完毕时表达在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完毕了的动作。
这个过去的时间惯用by，before 等介词短语或一种时间状语从句表达，也能够暗含在上下文中。
I had finished my homework before supper.我在晚饭前就把作业做完了。
The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。
By the end of June they had treated over 10,000 patients. 到六月底他们已经治疗了一万多病人。
2.过去完毕时还可表达过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或还要持续下去，常与for，since 等词连用。
如：He had served in the army for ten years before he retired last year. 他在部队干了十年，去年退役了。
He told me that he had known her since he was a child. 他告诉我他从小就认识她。
He had learned English for eight years before he went to England for further study. 他在去英国深造前，已学了八年英语。
3.在一段情景连贯的文字中，先发生的事放在背面叙述时，要用过去完毕时。
如：Tom flew home, but his father had already died. 汤姆乘飞机回家，他的父亲却已经逝世了。
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过去完成时注意：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，动作发生的时间是"过去的过去".它是一个相对的时态，只有在和过去某个时间或动作相比较时才会用到。
E.g. By the end of the match，they had kicked two goals.We had already had lunch before we arrived there.其结构是"had+过去分词".它的否定句是在had后边加not，变一般疑问句是把had提前。
E.g. I had reached the station before 9：00 o'clock.I had not reached the station before 9：00 o'clock.Had you reached the station before 9：00 o'clock？它通常和before，by the end of 等引导的表示过去的时间状语连用。
1. 由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。
与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。
如：I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.（ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如：We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.（ 3 ）before + 过去的时间点。
如：They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。
这种用法常出现在：（ 1 ）宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。
在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
如：She said that she had seen the film before.（ 2 ）状语从句中在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。
如：After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于before 和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。
如：After he closed the door, he left the classroom.（3）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.3. 根据上、下文来判定。
I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.单项选择1．He asked me _____ during the summer holidays.A. where I had beenB. where I had goneC. where had I beenD. where had I gone2. What ____ Jane ____ by the time he was sever?A. did, doB. has, done C did, did. D. had, done3. I ______ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learnedB. was learningC. had learnedD. learnt4. She ______lived here for ______ years.A. had, a fewB. has, severalC. had, a lot ofD. has, a great deal of5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _____ the dinner already.A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked6. She said she __________ the principle alreadyA .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen7. She said her family _______ themselves ______ the army during the war.A. has hidden, fromB. had hidden, fromC. has hidden, withD. had hidden, with8. By the time he was ten years old, he _________.A. has completed universityB. has completed the universityB. had completed an university D. had completed university9. She had written a number of books ______ the end of last year.A. forB. inC. byD. at10. He _____ to play ____ before he was 11 years old.A had learned, piano B. had learned, the pianoC. has learned, the pianoD. learns ,piano.用动词的适当形式填空1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in.2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die).3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen _______ (arrive).5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。
英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：If had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall.If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.If you should lose, what would you do?If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth.If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.If I’d known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法省掉if的条件从句结构：Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…)2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：A true friend would not do such a thing.(=If he were a true friend, he...)(=If there were no water,…)(=If you hadn’t helped me,…)3. 有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.If I were you, I would have gone home.五、虚拟语气的其他用法注意：在此结构中that 不可省略；should 省不省均可。
He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.上述动词的名词形式出现时，that 引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。
He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking.如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。
He insists that he is right.It is important that you (should) follow the doctor’s orders.It is right that you should have done your homework.I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..)I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)I wish they’d let us get some sleep.注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。