A卷答案
2022年-2023年公务员(国考)之行政职业能力测验能力测试试卷A卷附答案
2022年-2023年公务员（国考）之行政职业能力测验能力测试试卷A卷附答案单选题（共30题）1、高峰体验：人在追求自我实现过程中，经过基本需求的追求并获得满足之后，在追求自我实现时体现到的一种臻于顶峰而又超越时空和自我的心理满足感和成就感。
下列不属于高峰体验的是：（） A、 B、C、 DA.运动员经过奋力拼搏终于登上冠军领奖台时的激动心情B.电视机前的观众看到中国制造的火箭遨游太空时的豪迈心情C.科学家排除困难，解决重大科研难题后的畅快心情D.“十年寒窗苦读，今日金榜题名”时的愉悦心情【答案】 B2、公共组织领导者的领导职责主要指( )。
A.政治责任B.法律责任C.工作责任和道德责任D.以上均是【答案】 D3、立方体：几何学A.比重：物理学B.血液：植物学C.地质学：化合物D.基因：历史学4、岫岩，地处辽东半岛，这里山清水秀，是全国最大的宝玉石生产地。
最能准确复述这句话意思的是( )。
A.岫岩在辽东半岛B.岫岩是个山清水秀的好地方C.岫岩不仅山清水秀，而且盛产宝玉石D.岫岩是全国最大的宝玉石生产地【答案】 C5、给老百姓包括少数民族提供更多就业机会，一般正常人都会觉得是件好事，可以过上越来越好的生活，但一些人认定一定是强迫劳动和暗无天日的压迫。
为什么？因为他们自己历史上真的这么干了上百年，所以现在________。
A.能近取譬B.推己及人C.以己度人D.将心比心【答案】 C6、有意识记是有明确的识记目的，并运用一定方法的识记，在识记过程中还需要一定的意志努力。
A.小李为了背下来英语单词，把单词写在了本子上，并每天认真地反复朗读B.小张每次回家都会路过一个广告牌，时间久了，他自然记住了上面的广告词C.小王总忘记数学公式，在一次写作业中，他把公式写在手上，忘记的时候就看一眼D.小赵每次下班都会给一位孤寡老人送饭，久而久之，邻居们都记住了他7、2021年，云南象群集体北迁引发关注。
关于大象，下列说法正确的是：A.亚洲象是现存陆地上最大的哺乳动物B.我国法律目前对走私象牙没有具体量刑C.亚洲象和非洲象现在均是濒危物种D.象是群居性动物，由雄象做首领【答案】 C8、某单位召开一次会议，会期10天。
2023-2024年度重庆市考评员考试题库综合试卷A卷附答案
2023-2024年度重庆市考评员考试题库综合试卷A卷附答案一单选题（共60题）1、操作技能考核试卷内容不包括UOA.操作技能鉴定要素细目表B.操作技能考核试卷正文C.操作技能考核评分记录表D.操作技能考核预备通知单试题答案:A2、考评员专业类型分为0种。
A.两种B.三种C.四种D.五种试题答案:D3、在每次考评中：。
最终裁决有争议的技术问题CA.考评组全体成员B∙考评组三分之一成员C.考评组长D.考评组三分之二成员试题答案:C4、(A)承担全国工作网的贬划、协调、指导及国家级工作网建设的组细实施和运行管理。
A、劳励和社会保障部职业技能鉴定中心B、省级劳励保障部门C、国家科学技术部门D、国务院5、职业技能鉴定试卷属二(A)。
A.国家机密B.省级机密C.核心机密D.试卷机密6、从职业技能鉴定的本质来分析:我们得出的结论是UoA.职业技能鉴定是标准参照性考试B.职业技能鉴定是常模参照考试C.职业技能鉴定是绩效评价考核试题答案:A7、职业技能鉴定活动的主要对象是（A）。
A、职业技能B、劳励者C、从事职业D、技能鉴定8、职业技能鉴定工作由国务院（A）负责统筹管理。
A、劳励保障行政部门B、商务部C、科学技术部D、财政部9、（C）是国家职业资格证件制度的基本出发点和最织归宿。
A、完善机制B、提高质量c、面向市.场D、扩大范围10、关于肺结核:生疏不正确的选项是：DA.人体感染后不肯定发病:当抵抗力降低时才可能发病B.表现为咳嗽、咯血、低热、消瘦、乏力等C.本病的病原体为病毒D.肺结核病人的痰中有可能找到抗酸杆菌试题答案:C11、鉴定测评工具体系不包括（DA、鉴定试题B、鉴定试卷C、试卷模板D、操作模型12、职业技能鉴定是按照国家贬定的职业标准,通过政府授权的考核鉴定机构,对劳励者的与业知识和技能水平进行（A）、科学贬范地评价不认证的活动。
A、宠观公IEB、灵活多发C、提高标准D、降低标准13、中共中央提出的“科学发展观”是指（C）。
高等数学期中A考卷及答案海大
专业课原理概述部分一、选择题（每题1分，共5分）1. 微分学的中心概念是（）。
A. 极限B. 导数C. 微分D. 积分A. f(x) = |x|B. f(x) = x^2 + 1C. f(x) = 1/xD. f(x) =√x3. 不定积分∫(1/x)dx的结果是（）。
A. ln|x| + CB. x + CC. x^2/2 + CD. e^x + C4. 多元函数f(x, y) = x^2 + y^2在点(1, 1)处的偏导数f_x'是（）。
A. 0B. 1C. 2D. 35. 线性方程组Ax=b有唯一解的条件是（）。
A. A为满秩矩阵B. A为方阵C. A为可逆矩阵D. A为零矩阵二、判断题（每题1分，共5分）1. 极限存在的充分必要条件是左极限等于右极限。
（）2. 任何连续函数都一定可导。
（）3. 二重积分可以转换为累次积分。
（）4. 拉格朗日中值定理是罗尔定理的推广。
（）5. 两个矩阵的乘积一定是方阵。
（）三、填空题（每题1分，共5分）1. 函数f(x) = e^x在x=0处的导数f'(0)等于______。
2. 若函数f(x)在区间[a, b]上连续，则该函数在该区间上______。
3. 微分方程y'' y = 0的通解是______。
4. 矩阵A的行列式记作______。
5. 向量组线性相关的充分必要条件是______。
四、简答题（每题2分，共10分）1. 请简要说明罗尔定理的内容。
2. 什么是函数的极值？如何求函数的极值？3. 简述泰勒公式的意义。
4. 什么是特征值和特征向量？5. 简述空间解析几何中直线的方程。
五、应用题（每题2分，共10分）1. 计算极限lim(x→0) (sin x)/x。
2. 求函数f(x) = x^3 3x的导数。
3. 计算不定积分∫(cos x)dx。
4. 求解微分方程y' = 2x。
5. 计算二重积分∬D (x^2 + y^2) dxdy，其中D是由x轴，y轴和直线x+y=1围成的区域。
建筑工程计量与计价期末考试A卷及答案
2021--2022学年第二学期期末考试试卷A参考班级建筑工程151 参考科目建筑工程计量与计价班级姓名学号得分一．填空题（15分）1．利用坡屋顶内空间时净高超过____2.1m_______的部位应计算全面积；净高在___1.2m-2.1m________的部位应计算1/2面积；净高___不足1.2m________的部位不应计算面积。
2．构造柱混凝土与砖墙咬接深度一般为60mm，故马牙槎宽度按一边____平均30mm_______统长计算。
3．卷材屋面其工程量按图示尺寸的______水平投影面积____乘以规定的___坡度系数______以平方米计算。
4．独立柱一般抹灰按____结构断面周长_______乘以 ____柱的高度_______以平方米计算。
5．工程量清单由____分部分项________工程量清单、_____措施_______清单、____其他项目________清单组成。
6．建筑安装工程间接费由_____规费_______、___企业管理费_______组成。
7. 阳台按_________水平投影面积的二分之一_________计算建筑面积。
8.挖土方项目包括挖槽、挖坑及_____挖土方_____。
二．选择题（20分）1．平整场地是指厚度在（ D）毫米以内的就地挖填找平。
A、±30B、 +300C、–300D、±3002. 按建筑面积计算规则，（ A ）只计算建筑面积的1/2。
A、独立柱雨篷B、伸缩缝C、地下室D、勒脚3. 按建筑面积计算规则，（ A ）只计算建筑面积的1/2。
A、独立柱雨篷B、伸缩缝C、地下室D、勒脚4. 内墙抹灰工程量中不扣除（ C）所占的面积。
A、踢脚线B、门窗洞口C、墙裙D、 0.3平方米以外的孔洞5. 台阶与平台的分界线取至（ B ）。
A、台阶最上一层踏步B、台阶最上一层踏步外沿300mmC、台阶最上一层踏步外沿280mmD、外墙外皮6. 雨篷结构的外边线至外墙结构外边线的宽度超过( A )米者，应按雨篷结构板的水平投影面积的( )计算。
大学英语(四)A-卷【考试试卷答案】
大学英语（四）课程考试A 卷 适用于；考试日期：； 试卷所需时间：120分钟 闭卷；试卷A 总分：100分。
Part I Listening Comprehension (30 points) Section A Short Conversations ( 10 points) Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, one question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 1. A. 3 blocks ahead. B. On the 3rd Street. C. At the 3rd Avenue. D. On the 5th Street. 2. A. To punish him. B. To pick him up. C. To reward him. D. To ignore him. 3. A. Theater. B. Restaurant. C. Airport. D. Train station. 4. A. She doesn ’t like either of them. B. John copied it from Jim. C. Jim copied it from John. D. One is the copy from the other. 5. A. Peter is going to fly to New York. B. Peter is going to fly to London next week. C. Peter went to London last week. D. Peter will stay in New York. 6. A. He feels Mike did a good thing. B. He doesn ’t think Mike should move. C. H e thinks it’s better to invest later. D. He doesn ’t think Mike should invest money on stocks. 7. A. Go to a movie. B. Go to her classes. C. Shop for some clothes. D. Buy some new glasses. 8. A. Because he doesn ’t have a TV . B. Because he hates to be bothered. C. B ecause he isn’t watching TV . D. Because he doesn ’t like any of the programs. 9. A. $ 100. B. $ 150. C. $ 200. D. $ 250. 10. A. She likes classical music. B. She needs 100 records. C. She prefers to have the same house I have. D. She is a jazz fan. Section B Long Conversation ( 5 points) Directions: In this section, you will hear one long conversation. At the end of the conversation, some questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 11. A. It ’s expensive. B. They are celebrating a birthday. C. It was recommended by a friend. D. They had dinner here before. 12. A. She wants to check the price. B. She wants to see if the menu is in French. C. She is in a hurry to eat. D. She spends a long time choosing her food. 13. A. A year. B. Only a minute. C. A month. D. A long time. 14. A. Snails are not on the menu. B. The restaurant doesn ’t have any left. C. They want shrimp cocktail instead. D. They are afraid of getting sick. 15. A. French cheese and white wine. B. Seafood. C. Duck. D. Salad and French cheese. Section C Passage ( 5 points) Directions: In this section, you will hear one short passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) B) C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre. 16. A. On TV . B. On the radio C. In the newspaper. D. In a magazine 17. A. A scientific research. B. An invention. C. A visit to a scientist. D. A prize for some scientific discovery.18. A. Unpleasant. B. Cooperative. C. Sympathetic. D. Doubtful. 19. A. He refuted him. B. He went to the library. C. He went to the TV station D. He changed his major 20. A. After the age of 50. B. After the age of 30. C. Between the ages of 25 and 30. D. Between the ages of 30 and 50. Section D ( 10 points) Directions: In this section, you will hear a VOA Special English Report three times, and then fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear from the recording. We answered a question last week about how American college students findjobs after they (21)_________________. Now, we discuss foreign graduates. The院系： 班级： 姓名：学号：考场地点装订线(22)________________ for employing foreign workers in the United States is long. It involves different government agencies. It also involves (23)_____________________________________. For example, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act that President Obama signed into law in February dealt with this issue. It included conditions against foreign workers displacing qualified Americans at companies that (24)________________________________. Job (25)______________ have slowed in some industries. But the economic downturn has cost millions of jobs and recovery will take some time. Foreign graduates need a job (26)________________ to get an H-1B visa. This is a (27)_________________ visa for work in the person’s area of specialty. The employer is the one who (28)_______________ for it. The visa is good for 3 years and may be extended for another 3 years. Cheryl Gilman directs visa services at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. She noted that H-1B visas were still (29)_________________ for next year. This tells her that the recession is preventing employers from (30)_________________ as many foreign nationals as they have in the past. Part II Reading Comprehension (30 points) Section A Directions: There are two passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One As people generally use the word “honor ” they do not do so in the context of thinking about moral virtue. As a result they often confuse honor with fame. A virtuous person is an honorable person, a person who ought to be honored by the community in which he or she lives. But the virtuous person does not seek honor, being secure in his or her own self-respect. Lack of honor does not detract from the efficacy of moral virtue as an operative factor in the pursuit of happiness —as a means to leading a good human life. Virtuous persons may be considered fortunate if their virtue is recognized and publicly applauded. Persons lacking moral virtue can achieve fame as readily as, or perhaps more easily than, those who have a high degree of moral virtue. Fame belongs to the great, the outstanding, and the exceptional, without regard to their virtue or lack of it. Infamy is fame, no less than popularity. The great scoundrel can be as famous as the great hero. There can be famous villains as well as famous saints. Existing in the reputation a person has, regardless of his or her accomplishments, fame does not tarnish as honor does when it is unmerited. We normally desire the esteem of our fellow human beings, but is not this wish for the esteem of others a desire for fame rather than for honor? A virtuous person will not seek fame or be unhappy for lack of it. For fame can be enjoyed by bad men and women, as well as good. When it is enjoyed by virtuous persons without being sought by them, it is not distinguishable from honor, for then it is deserved. 31. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. A virtuous person achieves both honor and fame. B. A virtuous person does not seek honor or fame. C. Honor and fame are different concepts. D. Honor and fame are not distinguishable. 32. A virtuous person leads a good human life by means of _________. A. presuming happiness B. achieving moral virtue C. seeking honor D. seeking fame 33. What tends to tarnish with time? A. The reputation a person has. B. A high degree of moral virtue. C. A person ’s accomplishments. D. Honor that is undeserved. 34. Fame differs from honor in that _______. A. bad men and women can enjoy fame B. the great people can enjoy fame C. fame can fade in color D. virtuous persons will not seek fame 35. Which of the following statements is TURE? A. A virtuous person deserves honor. B. A famous person deserves honor. C. A virtuous person is publicly identified. D. A famous person has great accomplishments. Passage Two If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky. If you s ay to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …”, what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache ” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology. Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.院系：班级： 姓名：学号：考场地点装订线Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement. These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies. But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not. 36. If a mother adds “but” to an apology, _______. A. she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized B. she does not realize that the child has been hurt C. the child may find the apology easier to accept D. the child may feel that he owes her an apology 37. According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “_______”. A. You have good reason to get upset B. I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame C. I apologize for hurting your feelings D. I’m at fault for making you upset 38. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because _______. A. it gets one into the habit of making empty promises B. it may make the other person feel guilty C. it is vague and ineffective D. it is hurtful and insulting 39. We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry _______. A. the complexities involved should be ignored B. their ages should be taken into account C. parents need to set them a good example D. parents should be patient and tolerant 40. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is _______. A. a social issue calling for immediate attention B. not necessary among family membersC. a sign of social progressD. not as simple as it seems Section B: Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the blank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Blanks 41 to 50 are based on the following passage. There are two factors which determine an individual ’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ 41 , some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, a (an)42 will have a low intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor in what happens to the individual is the sort of environment in which he is 43 . If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop. And he will never 44 the level of intelligence of which he is capable. The importance of environment in determining an individual ’s intelligence can be 45 by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brain at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in 46 foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor 47 opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be 48 intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to 49 their intelligence. Mark ’s I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the 50 , and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have scored at roughly the same level.院系： 班级： 姓名：学号：考场地点装订线Part III Vocabulary and Structure (10 points) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the One answer that best completes the sentence. 51. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ____. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 52. Would you like a cup of coffee ____shall we get down to business right away? A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise 53. Not until all the fish died in the river ____how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didn't the villagers realize 54. I ____that we would be able to leave tomorrow, but it's beginning to look difficult. A. hoped B. was hoping C. had hoped D. am hoping 55. A study shows that students living in non-smoking dorms are less likely to ____the habit of smoking. A. make up B. turn up C. draw up D. pick up 56. Many personnel managers say it is getting harder and harder to____honest applicants from the growing number of dishonest ones. A. distinguish B. disguise C. dissolve D. discount 57. According to the key witnesses, a peculiarly big nose is the criminal's most memorable facial____. A. feature B. hint C. spot D. signature 58. It's good to know that quite a few popular English expressions actually ____from the Bible. A. acquire B. obtain C. derive D. result 59. After working all day, he was so tired that he was in no____ to go to the party with us. A. taste B. mood C. sense D. emotion 60. There is already clear ____to show that plants and animals are being affected by climate change. A. witness B. certification C. identity D. evidence 61. Last year the advertising rate ____ by 20 percent. A. raised B. aroused C. arose D. rose 62. The student was just about to ______ the question, when suddenly he found the answer. A. arrive at B. submit to C. give in D. work out 63. Suddenly she grabbed her stomach and ______. A. threw away B. threw in C. threw up D. threw off 64. They have brought her out of the operating room, but she ’s not fully ____ yet. A. cautious B. conscience C. conscious D. confused 65. He _____ the job because it involved too much traveling. A. turns in B. turns out C. turns over D. turns down 66.To some _______, Mary still does not understand this unit. But she herself does not believe so. A. extend B. part C. extent D. content 67. He checked carefully to _______ the possible errors in his design. A. eliminate B. exceed C. enlarge D. vibrate 68. What we need to learn is how to put theory into _______ when we begin our fieldwork here. A. appearance B. application C. accomplish D. achievement 69. Jack is _______ of stealing the books from the library. A. accused B. witnessed C. strained D. found 70. The Foreign Minister made an excellent _______ on the current international situation. A. committee B. command C. comment D. commission Part IV Translation (15 points) Translate the following sentences into English. 71. 我从未受过正式培训,我只是边干边学. 72. 随着年龄越来越大,你应该考虑未来的计划。
2023年全国高中数学联合竞赛(A)卷参考答案及评分标准
2023年全国中学生数学奥林匹克竞赛（预赛）暨2023年全国高中数学联合竞赛加试（A 卷）参考答案及评分标准说明：1．评阅试卷时，请严格按照本评分标准的评分档次给分．2．如果考生的解答方法和本解答不同，只要思路合理、步骤正确，在评卷时可参考本评分标准适当划分档次评分，10分为一个档次，不得增加其他中间档次．一．（本题满分40分）如图， 是以AB 为直径的固定的半圆弧， 是经过点A 及 上另一个定点T 的定圆，且 的圆心位于ABT 内．设P 是 的弧 TB（不含端点）上的动点，,C D 是 上的两个动点，满足：C 在线段AP 上，,C D 位于直线AB 的异侧，且CD AB ．记CDP 的外心为K ．证明：(1) 点K 在TDP 的外接圆上；(2) K 为定点． ΩωPD ABT C证明：(1) 易知PCD 为钝角，由K 为CDP 的外心知2(180)2PKD PCD ACD ．由于90APB ，CD AB ，故PBA ACD ATD ．……………10分 所以2180PTD PKD PTA ATD ACD PTA PBA ． 又,K T 位于PD 异侧，因此点K 在TDP 的外接圆上． ……………20分(2) 取 的圆心O ，过点O 作AB 的平行线l ，则l 为CD 的中垂线，点K 在直线l 上． ……………30分由,,,T D P K 共圆及KD KP ，可知K 在DTP 的平分线上，而9090DTB ATD PBA PAB PTB ，故TB 为DTP 的平分线．所以点K 在直线TB 上．显然l 与TB 相交，且l 与TB 均为定直线，故K 为定点． ……………40分 ωΩl D P OK B ATC二．（本题满分40分）正整数n 称为“好数”，如果对任意不同于n 的正整数m ，均有2222n m n m ⎧⎫⎧⎫⎪⎪⎪⎪≠⎨⎬⎨⎬⎪⎪⎪⎪⎩⎭⎩⎭，这里，{}x 表示实数x 的小数部分． 证明：存在无穷多个两两互素的合数均为好数．证明：引理：设n 是正奇数，且2模n 的阶为偶数，则n 是好数．引理的证明：反证法．假设n 不是好数，则存在异于n 的正整数m ，使得2222n m n m ．因此22n n 与22m m 写成既约分数后的分母相同．由n 为奇数知22n n 是既约分数，故2m 的最大奇因子为2n ，从而m 的最大奇因子为n ．设2t m n ，其中t 为正整数（从而m 是偶数）．于是22222m m t m n． 由22222m t n n n可得2222(mod )m t n n ，故 222(mod )m t n n ． （*）设2模n 的阶为偶数d ．由（*）及阶的基本性质得2(mod )m t n d ，故2m t n 是偶数．但2m t 是偶数，n 是奇数，矛盾．引理得证．……………20分回到原问题．设221(1,2,)k k F k ．由于1221k k F ，而k F 221k，因此2模k F 的阶为12k ，是一个偶数．对正整数l ，由221(mod )l k F 可知21(mod )l k F ，故由阶的性质推出，2模2k F 的阶被2模k F 的阶整除，从而也是偶数．因2k F 是奇数，由引理知2k F 是好数．……………30分对任意正整数,()i j i j ，211(,)(,(21)2)(,2)1i i j i i i j i F F F F F F F ，故123,,,F F F 两两互素．所以222123,,,F F F 是两两互素的合数，且均为好数． ……………40分三．（本题满分50分） 求具有下述性质的最小正整数k ：若将1,2,,k 中的每个数任意染为红色或者蓝色，则或者存在9个互不相同的红色的数129,,,x x x 满足1289x x x x +++< ，或者存在10个互不相同的蓝色的数1210,,,y y y 满足12910y y y y +++< ．解：所求的最小正整数为408．一方面，若407k =时，将1,55,56,,407 染为红色，2,3,,54 染为蓝色，此时最小的8个红数之和为1555661407++++= ，最小的9个蓝数之和为231054+++= ，故不存在满足要求的9个红数或者10个蓝数．对407k <，可在上述例子中删去大于k 的数，则得到不符合要求的例子． 因此407k ≤不满足要求． ……………10分 另一方面，我们证明408k =具有题述性质．反证法．假设存在一种1,2,,408 的染色方法不满足要求，设R 是所有红数的集合，B 是所有蓝数的集合．将R 中的元素从小到大依次记为12,,,m r r r ，B 中的元素从小到大依次记为12,,,n b b b ，408m n +=．对于R ，或者8R ≤，或者128m r r r r +++≥ ；对于B ，或者9B ≤，或者129n b b b b +++≥ ．在1,2,,16 中至少有9个蓝色的数或至少有8个红色的数．情形1：1,2,,16 中至少有9个蓝色的数．此时916b ≤．设区间9[1,]b 中共有t 个R 中的元素12,,,(08)t r r r t ≤< ．记12t x r r r =+++ ，则112(1)2x t t t ≥+++=+ ． 因为12912,,,,,,,t b b b r r r 是9[1,]b 中的所有正整数，故{}{}12912,,,,,,,1,2,,9t b b b r r r t =+ ．于是 12912(9)n b b b b t x ≤+++=++++- 1(9)(10)2t t x =++-． （*） ……………20分 特别地，116171362n b ≤⨯⨯=．从而9R ≥． 对任意(1)i i m t ≤≤-，由（*）知1(9)(10)2t i n r b i t t x i +≤+≤++-+．从而 811811(9)(10)2t m t t i r r r r r x t t x i -+=⎛⎫ ⎪≤+++++≤+++-+ ⎪⎝⎭∑ 11(9)(10)(8)(8)(9)(7)22t t t t t t x =++-+---- 111(9)(10)(8)(8)(9)(7)(1)222t t t t t t t t ≤++-+----⋅+ 2819396407t t =-++≤（考虑二次函数对称轴，即知1t =时取得最大）． 又136n b ≤，这与,n m b r 中有一个为408矛盾． ……………40分情形2：1,2,,16 中至少有8个红色的数．论证类似于情形1．此时816r ≤．设区间8[1,]r 中共有s 个B 中的元素12,,,(09)s b b b s ≤< ．记1s y b b =++ ，则1(1)2y s s ≥+． 因为12128,,,,,,,s b b b r r r 是8[1,]r 中的所有正整数，故 {}{}12128,,,,,,,1,2,,8s b b b r r r s =+ ． 于是1(8)(9)2m r s s y ≤++-． 特别地，116171362m r ≤⨯⨯=．从而10B ≥． 对任意(1)i i n s ≤≤-，有1(8)(9)2s i m b r i s s y i +≤+≤++-+．从而 911911(8)(9)2s n s s i b b b b b y s s y i -+=⎛⎫ ⎪≤+++++≤+++-+ ⎪⎝⎭∑ 11(9)(8)(9)(8)(9)(10)22s s s s y s s =-++--+--111(9)(8)(9)(8)(1)(9)(10)222s s s s s s s s ≤-++--⋅++-- 2727369395s s =-++≤（在2s =时取得最大）， 又136m r ≤，这与,n m b r 中有一个为408矛盾．由情形1、2知408k =具有题述性质．综上，所求最小正整数k 为408． ……………50分四．（本题满分50分）设4110a -=+．在20232023⨯的方格表的每个小方格中填入区间[1,]a 中的一个实数．设第i 行的总和为i x ，第i 列的总和为i y ，12023i ≤≤．求122023122023y y y x x x 的最大值（答案用含a 的式子表示）． 解：记2023n =，设方格表为(),1,ij a i j n ≤≤，122023122023y y y x x x λ= ． 第一步：改变某个ij a 的值仅改变i x 和j y ，设第i 行中除ij a 外其余1n -个数的和为A ，第j 列中除ij a 外其余1n -个数的和为B ，则jij i ij y B a x A a +=+．当A B ≥时，关于ij a 递增，此时可将ij a 调整到,a λ值不减．当A B ≤时，关于ij a 递减，此时可将ij a 调整到1,λ值不减．因此，为求λ的最大值，只需考虑每个小方格中的数均为1或a 的情况． ……………10分第二步：设{}1,,1,ij a a i j n ∈≤≤，只有有限多种可能，我们选取一组ij a 使得λ达到最大值，并且11n nij i j a ==∑∑最小．此时我们有,,1,.i j ij i j a x y a x y ⎧>⎪=⎨≤⎪⎩（*） 事实上，若i j x y >，而1ij a =，则将ij a 改为a 后，行和及列和变为,i j x y ''，则11j j j i i iy y a y x x a x '+-=>'+-， 与λ达到最大矛盾，故ij a a =．若i j x y ≤，而ij a a =，则将ij a 改为1后，λ不减，且11n nij i j a ==∑∑变小，与ij a 的选取矛盾．从而（*）成立．通过交换列，可不妨设12n y y y ≤≤≤ ，这样由（∗）可知每一行中a 排在1的左边，每一行中的数从左至右单调不增．由此可知12n y y y ≥≥≥ ．因而只能12n y y y === ，故每一行中的数全都相等（全为1或全为a ）.……………20分 第三步：由第二步可知求λ的最大值，可以假定每一行中的数全相等.设有k 行全为a ,有n k -行全为1,0k n ≤≤．此时()()()n nk k n k n k ka n k ka n k na nn a λ-+-+-==． 我们只需求01,,,n λλλ 中的最大值． ()11(1)1111()(1)nn n k k n k n kk a n k a n a ka n k a k a n n a λλ++++--⎛⎫- ⎪==+ ⎪+--+⎝⎭． 因此1111(1)n k k a a k a n λλ+⎛⎫- ⎪≥⇔+≥ ⎪-+⎝⎭ 11(1)n n x x k x n-⇔+≥-+（记n x a =） 2111(1)n n x x x k x n-++++⇔≥-+ 2111n n x x x n k x -++++-⇔≤- 211(1)(1)1n n x x x x x--+++++++=+++ ． 记上式右边为y ,则211(2)1n n n n x x y x x ---+-++=+++ ． 下面证明(1010,1011)y ∈． ……………30分 首先证明1011y <．1011y < 2021202220222021101110111011x x x x ⇔+++<+++1010101210132021202210111010210101011x x x x x x ⇔+++<++++ ．由于220221x x x <<<< ，故101010101012011(1011)101110121011101222k k k x x x =-<⋅⋅<⋅⋅∑101110110k k kx +=<∑． ……………40分 再证明1010y >，等价于证明2021202200(2022)1010kk k k k x x ==->∑∑． 由于2021202100(2022)(2022)10112023k k k k x k ==->-=⨯∑∑， 20222022010101010202310102023k k x x a =<⨯<⨯∑，只需证明1011202310102023a ⨯>⨯，而410111101010a -=+<，故结论成立． 由上面的推导可知1k k λλ+≥当且仅当1010k ≤时成立，从而1011λ最大．故 2023max 101120231011(10111012)2023a aλλ+==． ……………50分。
《大学英语(2)》期末考试卷A答案
C. it is dangerous to construct high buildings in New York
D. the property owners are afraid that companies will not move in
5. The word “exterior（Para.4）” is closest in meaning to _______.
Soon after the September 11 attack, the property’s ownershad considered the idea of rebuilding the towers exactly as they had stood there. But critics pointed that the original designs were rather dull and their size made them impersonal and intimidating(令人畏惧的). Instead, they recommended a collection of smallerbuildings including office space, retail stores and restaurants, and a memorial to the buildings and the people who died in them.
2024年国家电网招聘之电工类全真模拟考试试卷A卷含答案
2024年国家电网招聘之电工类全真模拟考试试卷A卷含答案单选题（共45题）1、高频保护采用相一地制通道是因为( ）A.所需加工设备少，比较经济B.相一地制通道衰耗小C.减少对通信的干扰D.相一地制通道衰耗大【答案】 A2、实验法是指对发生行为的动物或接受行为的动物，模拟或干扰它们之间使用的信号,进而分析刺激行为发生的主要因素的方法。
根据上述定义，下列属于实验法的是：A.用望远镜观察东非动物大迁徙的活动B.用摄影机拍摄藏羚羊的运动C.动物园用闭路电视观察大熊猫生幼崽的过程D.用声波干扰水中活动的海豚，观察海豚对声波的e]反应【答案】 D3、标明“100Ω，4W”和“100Ω，25W”的两个电阻串联时，允许加的最大电压是（）。
A.40VB.70VC.60VD.140V【答案】 A4、电力系统的纵向故障指的是（）A.断线B.短路C.过负荷D.振荡【答案】 A5、对于反应故障时参数增大而动作的继电保护，计算继电保护灵敏性系数时应用（）A.故障参数的最大计算值B.故障参数的最大小计算值C.故障参数的最优解D.三者均可【答案】 B6、变压器绕组的最高点温度维持在86°，则变压器的寿命会（）。
A.减少一半B.增加一倍C.减少 0.25 倍D.增加 4 倍【答案】 D7、限时电流速断保护与相邻线路电流速断保护在定值上和时限上均要配合，若（）不满足要求，则要与相邻线路限时电流速断保护配合。
A.选择性B.速动性C.灵敏性D.可靠性【答案】 C8、行波沿实际线路传播时会造成损耗，以下描述正确的是（）。
A.在电缆线路中和架空线路中衰减的一样多B.行波在电缆线路中传输，衰减较多C.行波在架空线路中传输，衰减较多D.在电缆线路中和架空线路中衰减的与外界条件有关【答案】 B9、调节同步发电机励磁电流就能改变发电机输出的（）。
A.无功功率B.有功功率C.频率D.励磁阻抗【答案】 A10、导体的电阻是导体本身的一种性质，以下说法错误的是( )。
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一、1～5题：BDCBC 6～10题：BDABA 11～15题：BCACB 二、1～5题：错对错对对 6～10题：对错错对错
三、1.需求拉上型通货膨胀：又称超额需求通货膨胀，是指总需求超过总供给所引起的一般价格水平的持续和显著的上涨。
2.国内生产总值：GDP ，是经济社会（一个国家或地区）在一定时期内运用生产要素所生产的全部最终产品（物品和劳务）的市场价值。
3.相机抉择：政府在宏观经济管理时，根据经济状况和各项政策的特点，主动地运用货币政策和财政政策干预经济，保持经济在物价稳定的充分就业点上平稳运行。
一般是衰退时采取扩张性政策，通货膨胀时采用紧缩性政策。
4.资本边际效率：是一种贴现率，使各期预期收益的现值之和等于供给价格或者重置价格。
5.总需求：是经济社会对产品和劳务的需求总量，通常以产出水平来表示，其由消费需求、投资需求、政府需求和国外需求构成。
四、1. GDP 统计有何缺陷，以GDP 激励官员会有什么影响？
答：GDP 统计主要缺陷是它仅仅考虑一定时期内一个国家或地区市场活动的市场价值。
GDP 指标中存在的一些问题：①没有反映大量生产性非市场交易活动；②没有反映社会生活方式的改变的代价；劳动力的条件、时间、生态的破坏、环境污染；③没有反映收入结构与分配；④产品质量的提高没反映；⑤地下经济的合法部分，为逃税而未统计入 GDP 中。
GDP 不等于公民实际福利水平，片面追求GDP 可能会使官员活动偏离公民实际福利。
2.总供给曲线的理论来源是什么？
答：总供给是指经济社会所提供的总产量，其生产函数可表示为
),(K N f y =，其中y 为总产出，N 表示整个社会的就业水平，K 为整
个社会的资本存量。
宏观经济学假设总产出量随总就业量的增加而增加，且技术不变，K 为常数。
因次，在一定时期一定条件下，总供给将主要由经济的总就业水平决定，而经济中的总就业水平由劳动市场决定。
从劳动均衡条件)()(
P W N P W N D S =,解出均衡就业量N0，代入生产函数便可以求出总供给。
所以说总供给曲线的理论来源是生产函数和
劳动力生产均衡理论。
3. 简述凯恩斯分析有效需求不足的三大基本心理规律。
答：凯恩斯分析的三大基本心理规律为边际消费倾向递减规律、资本边际效率递减规律和灵活性（流动性）偏好规律。
边际消费倾向递减规律是指随着收入的增加，消费会增加，但每增加一个单位的收入中用于消费的比率会逐渐减少。
资本边际效率（MEC）递减规律是指在技术和其他条件不变时，随着投资的增加，MEC呈递减趋势。
流动性偏好规律是指由于货币使用上的灵活性，人们往往愿意牺牲利息收入而保存没有利息的货币作为财富贮存形式的心理倾向。
由于边际消费倾向递减规律和资本边际效益递减规律的作用，容易出现消费、投资不足而形成有效需求不足。
运用货币政策来调节总需求时，可能会进入“流动性陷阱”而使货币政策失效，所以，财政政策是比较好的选择。
五、计算（21分）
1.假定某经济的消费函数为，投资，政府购买性支出，政府转移支付，税收（单位均为10亿美元）。
（1）求均衡收入。
（2分）
（2）试求政府购买乘数、税收乘数、平衡预算乘数。
（3分）
（3）假定该社会达到充分就业所需要的国民收入为1 200，试问：1）增加政府购买；2）减少税收；3）以同一数额增加政府购买和税收（以便预算平衡）实现充分就业，各需多少数额？（6分）
解：(1)方程组
c=100＋0.8y d
y d=y－t＋t r
y=c＋i＋g
可解得y=100 + 0.8 (y– t+t r)+ i+ g =100 + 0.8 (y – 250 + 62.5) + 50 +200 = 1000，故均衡收入水平为1000。
（也可以根据公式求得）
(2)我们可直接根据三部门经济中有关乘法的公式，得到乘值：
政府购买乘数k g = 1 / (1 - b)=1 / (1 – 0.8) = 5
税收乘数k t = - b(1 - b)= - 0.8 (1 – 0.8 ) = - 4
平衡预算乘数等于政府支出(购买)乘数和税收乘数之和，即k b = k g + k t
= 1
(3)本小题显然要用到各种乘数.原来均衡收入为1000，现在需要达到1200，则缺200=∆y 。
1) 增加政府购买g ∆=g k
y ∆= 200 / 5 = 40
2)减少税收t k y t ∆=∆＝200 / 4 = 50 3)由题意： ()[]g g i t t t r ∆++++∆+-+=12008.01001200，由g t ∆=∆
解得g t ∆=∆=200
即同时增加政府购买200和税收200就能实现充分就业。
2.解：(1) 若投资函数为i=100亿美元–5r ，则当r=4%时，i=100–5×4 =80亿美元 当 r=5%时，i=100 -5×5 =75亿美元；当r = 6%时，i=100–5×6 =70亿美元；当r=7%时，i=100 – 5×7 =65亿美元.
(2)若储蓄为S= - 40亿美元+ 0.25y ，根据均衡条件i=s ，即100–5r = - 40 + 0.25y ，解得y=560–20r ，根据(1)的答案计算y ，当r=4时，y=480亿美元；当r=5时，y=460亿美元；当r=6时，y=440亿美元；当r=7时，y=420亿美元.
(3)求得IS 曲线为r y 20560-=，如图
(4)联立IS、LM求解的：r=0.12 y=320。