专业英语八级(阅读)练习试卷13(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷13 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 2. READING COMPREHENSION

PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)Directions: In this

section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice

questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should

decide on the best choice.

People are moving to cities in droves. In 1950, two-thirds of the worlds’

population lived in the countryside. New York was then the only settlement with more

than 10 million people. Today there are 20 such megacities, and more are on the way.

Most of these megacities are in developing countries that are struggling to cope with

both the speed and the scale of human migration. Estimates of the future spread of

urbanization are based on the observation that in Europe, and in North and South

America, the urban share of the total population has stabilized at 75%--85%. If the

rest of the world follows this path it is expected that in the next decade an extra 100

million people will join the cities of Africa, and 340 million the cities of Asia: the

equivalent of a new Bangkok every two months. By 2030 nearly two-thirds of the

world’s population will be urban. In the long run, that is good news. If countries

now industrialising follow the pattern of those that have already done so, their

city-dwellers will be both more prosperous and healthier. Man is gregarious species,

and the Words “urbane” and “civilised” both derive from the advantages of living in

large settlements. History also shows, though, that the transition can be

uncomfortable. The slums of Manchester were, in their time, just as awful as those of

Nairobi today. But people moved there for exactly the same reason: however nasty

conditions seemed, the opportunities of urban life outstripped those of the countryside.

The question is how best to handle the change. If there is one thing that

everybody agrees on, it is that urbanization is unstoppable. Migrants attempting to

escape poverty, and refugees escaping conflict, are piling into cities in what the

executive director of UN-HABITAT, Anna, Tibailjuka, describes as “premature

urbanization.” Dr Tibaijuka believes it might be possible to slow the pace of

migration from the countryside with policies that enhance security and rural

livelihoods. There is room for debate, though, over whether better rural development

in any form can seriously slow the pace of urbanisation -- or even whether such a

slowdown would be a good thing. Michael Mutter, an urban planning adviser at

the British government’s Department for International Development (DFID), says that

the relevant indicators suggest that in many countries the effective “carrying capacity”

of rural areas has been reached. As happened in Europe in the 18th century,

population growth and technological improvements to agriculture are creating a

surplus population. That surplus has to go somewhere to earn its living. Indeed,

some people go so far so to argue that governments, international donors and aid

agencies spend too much on rural development and neglect the cities. Most countries

have a rural development policy, but only a few have urban ones. DFID, for example,

spends only 5% of its budget directly on urban development. Moreover, these critics

point out that, although rural areas often have worse sanitation, illiteracy and

homelessness than cities, such figures are deceptive. Being illiterate, homeless or

without access to a flush toilet are far more serious problems in a crowded city than in

the countryside. Of the many lessons being learnt from past urban-development

failures, one of the most important is that improvements must involve local people in

a meaningful way. Even when it comes to the poorest slumdwellers, some

governments and city authorities are realizing that people are their own greatest assets.

Slumdwellers International is a collection of “grassroots” federations of people living

in slums. Its idea is simple. Slum-dwellers in a particular place get together and form

a federation to strengthen local savings and credit schemes, and to lobby for greater

co- operation with the authorities. Such federations are having a big impact on

slum-upgrading schemes around the world. By surveying local needs and acting

as voices for slum-dwellers, these federations have been able to show the authorities

that slum-dwellers are not simply a homogenous and anonymous mass of urban poor,

but are real people in need of real services. They have also been able to apply pressure

for improvements in security of tenure-- either through temporary guarantees of

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专业英语八级(阅读)练习试卷13(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷13 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 2. READING COMPREHENSION

PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)Directions: In this

section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice

questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should

decide on the best choice.

People are moving to cities in droves. In 1950, two-thirds of the worlds’

population lived in the countryside. New York was then the only settlement with more

than 10 million people. Today there are 20 such megacities, and more are on the way.

Most of these megacities are in developing countries that are struggling to cope with

both the speed and the scale of human migration. Estimates of the future spread of

urbanization are based on the observation that in Europe, and in North and South

专业英语八级(阅读)练习试卷19(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷19 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 2. READING COMPREHENSION

PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)Directions: In this

section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice

questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should

decide on the best choice.

The problem with the nature-nurture debate is that this is an inadequate way

of understanding human freedom. Like every other organism, humans are shaped by

both nature and nurture. But unlike any other organism, we are also defined by our

ability to transcend both, by our capacity to overcome the constraints imposed both by

our genetic and our cultural heritage. It is not that human beings have floated

free of the laws of causation. It is rather that humans are not simply the passive end

专业英语八级(阅读)练习试卷4(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷4 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1.jpg />d’Orsay, a former railroad station with crystal palace

stylishness. Now it is again a pleasure to walk in its airy hails, admiring the great

works of art that are the heritage of the French nation. Another nice touch was added

to the collection, but don’t look for it inside the museum; you have to visit the places

where the artists lived and worked. Along the course of the Seine, poster-size

reproductions of works by the Impressionists have been set up at the spots the artists

had chosen as their vantage points for painting the view and contemporary life. In the

past, an art book in hand, you had to search with patience for these locales where

Monet, Renoir and Sisley created many of their masterworks. Now, to experience

where this open-air painting took place, you need only travel to the outskirts of Paris,

2019年专业英语八级考试真题及答案(阅读理解)

2019年专业英语八级考试真题及答案（阅读理解）

Reading Comprehension

11.B 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.A

16.D 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.D

21.C 22.C 23.B 24.C

Answer Questions

25. extravagant(luxurious)

26. The party is splendid, but the girls are frivolous.

27. Data breach is the dark side to this invention.

28. Cyber security faces multiple threats： online crime

and espionage

29. More adequate security protection should be given to

cyberspace.

30. Presidents and deans cannot be spared from government

budget cuts.

31. Grade represents a lower level of student performance

32. More attention should be given to good teaching.

专业英语八级(阅读)练习试卷10(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷10 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 2. READING COMPREHENSION

PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)Directions: In this

section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice

questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should

decide on the best choice.

What impact can mobile phones have on their users’ health? Many people

worry about the supposed ill effects caused by radiation from handsets and base

stations, despite the lack of credible evidence of any harm. But evidence for the

beneficial effects of mobile phones on health is rather more abundant. Indeed, a

systematic review carried out by Rifat Atun and his colleagues at Imperial College,

London, rounds up 150 examples of the use of text-messaging in the delivery of

health care. These uses fall into three categories : efficiency gains, public-health gains,

专业英语八级(阅读)练习试卷27(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷27 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 2. READING COMPREHENSION

PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)Directions: In this

section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice

questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should

decide on the best choice.

“What’s done cannot be undone,” moaned Lady Macbeth in her famous

sleepwalking scene. If she woke up in the 21st century, she would be pleased to

discover that whatever can be done can be undone, too. Or perhaps it just seems

that way in the new social spaces we are carving for ourselves online. On popular web

sites devoted to social networking, innovative verbs have been springing up to

describe equally innovative forms of interactions: you can friend someone on

Facebook; follow a fellow user on Twitter; or favorite a video on YouTube. Change

专业英语八级(阅读)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（阅读）练习试卷1 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1.44% required hospitalization. Based on that data, published in PLoS

Medicine, Lipsitch anticipates far fewer deaths from 2009 H1N1than was initially

believed. By the end of the flu season in the spring of 2010, Lipsitch predicts,

anywhere from 6,000 to 45,000 people will have died from H1N1 in the U.S., with the

number most likely to end up between 10,000 and 15,000. Those estimates are far

below the death toll of the 1957 flu, which killed 69,800 people in the U.S., according

to government figures, and smaller also than the early predictions for the2009 H1N1

flu deaths, which ranged from 30,000 to 90,000. It is not clear, however, that past

pandemics are an appropriate gauge for evaluating the current flu or that the new

projections are based on complete data. The eventual death toll of 2009 H1N1 may be

2017年专业英语八级考试试题及答案（2）

28. Which of the following best describes the attitude of

other people on the train towards the couple?

[A] They regarded the couple as an object of fun.

[B] They expressed indifference towards the couple.

[C] They were very curious about the couple.

[D] They showed friendliness towards the couple.

29. Which of the following contains a metaphor?

[A] ... like a man waiting in a barber's shop.

[B] ... his countenance radiant with benevolence.

[C] ... sweeping over the horizon, a precipice.

[D] ... as darkly brilliant as the surface of a pool of oil.

30. We can infer from the last paragraph that in the dining-car

[A] the waiters were snobbish. [B] the couple felt ill at ease.

[C] the service was satisfactory. [D] the couple enjoyed their

dinner.

PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section.

专业英语八级(阅读)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 2