《英语一》 复习题 14级专本

《英语一》 C卷闭卷站点：专业年级：姓名：学号：I．Vocabulary （每题1分，共10分）Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting words from the Word Bank.Some people just can’t keep from givin g. That was the way it was with my neighbor. Despite being crippled, she was very active. In fact, she seemed to do more for the(1)evert day than I ever do in a year’s time. I was always (2)the pace she kept. On Mondays and Fridays, she worked at a college giving students(3)a church that give(4)to people without homes. And on the weekends, she taught local kids who needed(5)help with their schoolwork. And most importantly, she always had a positive(6)don’t remember once hearing her complain about her troubles.The stresses of everyday life never seemed to(7)her. Instead, she looked for every(8)around. I remember when I had just lost my job, she took a day off from work to spend time with me and listen to my trifles. She never once became impatient with my(9)anything in this world more important than what I had to say. What I(10)now is not having ever really done anything for her. I suppose she never needed itA)complaints B)curiosity C)attitude D)trend E)occasionF)regret G)envy H)bother I)extra J)amazedK)engaged L)aid M)acceptance N)guidance O)communityII. Cloze （每题0.25分，共10分）Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word or phrase to fill in each blank. Passage OneNot only can the computer gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and can pour them out __1__ they are needed. The computer is really a high-powered __2__ machine that “has all the answers” or __3__ all. What is the most efficient __4__ for driving a car __5__ the New York-New Jersey tunnels? What __6__ of canned goods is __7__ in a particular super market? What kind of weather will we have tomorrow? The computer will flash out the __8__ in a fraction of a second.__9__ gathering and storing information, the computer can also solve complicated problems that once __10__ months for people to do. For example, __11__ sixteen hours an electronic brain __12__ CHEOPS solved a difficult design problem. __13__, it was fed all the information __14__ for designing a chemical plant. After running through 16,000 __65__ designs, it picked out the plan for the plant __16__ would produce the most chemical __17__ the lowest cost. __18__ it issued a printed set of exact specifications. Before CHEOPS solved this problem, a team of engineers having the same information __19__ worked for a year to produce only three designs, __20__ of which was as efficient as thecomputer’s.1. A. whatever B. whenever C. whoever D. whomever2. A. “memory” B. “thinking” C. “talking” D. “learning”3. A. near B. close C. most D. almost4. A. rate B. ratio C. speed D. pace5. A. though B. over C. by D. for6. A. tape B. brand C. style D. species7. A. popularer B. the popularestC. most popularD. the most popular8. A. numbers B. articles C. answers D. motions9. A. Beside B. Besides C. Except D. In addition10. A. spent B. needed C. occupied D. took11. A. with B. within C. for D. beyond12. A. named B. naming C. calling D. in name13. A. At first B. First of all C. Above all D. First14. A. demanding B. requiring C. necessary D. good15. A. possible B. likely C. seeming D. impossible16. A. it B. what C. who D. that17. A. in B. at C. by D. to18. A. After B. Before C. Afterwards D. Then19. A. have B. has C. had D. /20. A. none B. no one C. nothing D. nobodyPassage TwoPeople from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it. Most Americans have 21 been out of the country and have 22 experience with foreigners. But they are usually friendly and open, and 23 meeting new people, having guests and bringing people together formally or 24 . They tend to use first names in most 25 and speak freely about themselves. 26 if your American hosts do something that makes you 27 , try to let them know how you feel. Most people will 28 your honesty and try 29 you uncomfortable again. 30 you’ll all learn something about another culture!Many travelers find it 31 to meet people in the U.S. than in other countries. They may just 32 and introduce themselves or even invite you 33 before they really know you. Sometimes Americans are said to be 34 friendly. Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably just 35 . Just 36 anywhere else, it takes time to become 37 friends with people in the U.S.If and when you 38 American friends, they will probably enjoy 39 you to their friends and family, and if they seem proud 40 you, it’s probably because they are, relax and enjoy it!21. A. ever B. never C. often D. sometimes22. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little23. A. dislike B. avoid C. hate D. enjoy24. A. informally B. intimate C. incompetently D. indirectly25. A. occasions B. situations C. moments D. instant26. A. And B. So C. But D. Meanwhile27. A. at ease B. comfortable C. pleasant D. uncomfortable28. A. confirm B. praise C. appreciate D. criticize29. A. not let B. letting C. not to make D. to not made30. A. Thus B. Then C. And D. But31. A. easier B. harder C. happier D. simpler32. A. come to B. come through C. come up with D. come up33. A. over B. at C. in D. round34. A. naturally B. superficially C. heartily D. extremely35. A. killing time B. having a good time C. enjoying D. enjoying himself36. A. as B. different C. like D. unlike37. A. real B. true C. actual D. loyal38. A. live with B. stay with C. stay away from D. are helpful to39. A. inviting B. introducing C. lead D. being acquainted40. A. to recognize B. to have known C. of recognizing D. of knowingIII. Reading Comprehension （每题1分，共30分）Passage OneSince we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our possibility to give and receive support from one another under stressful conditions. Social support makes up of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties? Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily problems. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over types of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives and coworkers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Taking part in free-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting（转移注意力）us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support—money aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and deal with our problems.(1) Interpersonal relationships are important because they can .A.make people live more easilyB.smooth away daily problemsC.deal with life changesD.cure types of illnesses(2) The researches show that people’s physical and mental health .A.lies in the social medical care systems which support themB.has much to do with the amount of support they get from othersC.depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troublesD.is related to their courage for dealing with major life changes(3) Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cushions” in Paragraph 27A.takes the place ofB.takes care ofC.lessens the effect ofD.gets rid of(4) Helping fl sick neighbor with some repair work in spare time is an example ofA.instrumental supportrmational supportC.social companionshipD.the strengthening of self-respect(5) What is the subject discussed in the text?A.Interpersonal relationship.B.Kinds of social support.C.Ways to deal with stress.D.Effects of stressful conditions.Passage TwoEight-year-old Bethany and seven-year-old Eliza are having a great time jumping around in the orchard of their home in a village near Penrith. They can play any time they like because they don't go to school. Instead, they are educated at home by their parents, Paul and Veronika Robinson. But they don't have lessons, have never used a timetable and learn only what and when they want to learn."I want my kids to have freedom in their childhood, not spend it in an institution," says 37-year-old Veronika, "School is all about control and following the rules." Veronika and her 56-year-old husband Paul have never experienced the daily rush to get dressed and out of the door that is common in most households with school-aged children. "We get up at our leisure - usually around 8:30," says Veronika. "We might visit a friend, or go to the library, and on Tuesdays we shop at the market. In summer, we spend most of our time outside and the girls entertain themselves a lot."New research due to be published this spring reveals a very different picture of Britain's home educators. "Out of 297 families, 184 said that they never use a timetable," says Mike Fortune-Wood of Home Education UK. "Ninety per cent never or rarely use textbooks, and nearly all said that happiness, contentment and self-fulfillment were more important than academic achievement. Only 15% felt that planning what to learn was crucial."So far, so good. But what, you might ask, are the children actually learning?"It wasn't important to me that the girls could read by a certain age, but they both picked it up for themselves at around seven," says Robinson. "Weighing cooking ingredients uses maths, and making a shopping list teaches them to write. Observing five hens has taught the girls about survival of the fittest. " But what about when the children grow up? Can they go to university? The home educators' answer is they can if they want to. There are a variety of routes into higher education, but probably the most common is to join a local college. This is what Gus Harris-Reid has done. "I was educated at home all my life. I'd never had a lesson or been inside a classroom until I started GCSEs," says the 18-year-old. "I'm now studying for 4 A-levels at Exeter College. I've had no problem with the work or with fitting in." When asked to reflect on his experience of home education, his considered response is, "Like a permanent holiday, really!" Not a bad start for someone who plans to take a mechanical engineering degree next year.(6) What is the topic of this article?A.New ways of learning to read and writeB.Problems with UK schoolsC.Home education in the UKD.Wild, undisciplined children(7) Why do the Robinsons not send their children to school?A.They think schools control children too much.B.They do not like the courses taught in schools.C.They want to teach their children farming skills.D.They live in a remote area where there are no schools.(8) According to the article, in homes with school-going children, ______.A.mornings are rushed and stressful.B.the children hardly ever go outside.C.the family wakes up around 8:30am.D.the children must ask permission to go to the toilet.(9) Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Most home educators believe that happiness is more important than good grades.B.Most home educators believe that planning is important.C.Most home educators do not follow a timetable or use textbooks.D.Most home educators are not worried about when their children learn to read and write.(10) What does the article say about home-educated children getting into university?A.They learn so many useful skills at home that universities are happy to accept them.B.They can get into university if they have 4 A-levels.C.They can go to school later and get the qualifications they need in order to enter university.D.Home education is so relaxed that they are likely to experience problems when faced with the pressures of a degree course.Passage ThreeWhen something goes wrong，it can be very satisfying to say，”Well,it’s so-and-so’s fault.”or “I know I’m late，but it’s not my fault；the car broke down.”It is probably not your fault，but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation，you are a loser. You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However,you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner’s key to success.Winners are great at overcoming problems. For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly. Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. Ask to work with a different person, or don’t rely on the person. You should accept that the person. Ask to work with a different person, or don’t rely on this person. You should accept that the per son is not reliable and find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well.This is what being a winner is all about—creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens. Winners don’t have fewer problems in their lives; they have just as many difficult situations to face as anybody else. They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents. So, stop focusing on “whose fault it is.” Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stop on for success.(11) According to the passage, winners .A.deal with problems rather than blame othersB.meet with fewer difficulties in their livesC.have responsible and able colleaguesD.blame themselves rather that others(12) The underlined word remedy in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .A.avoidB.acceptC.improveD.consider(13) When your colleague brings about a problem, you should .A.find a better way to handle the problemB.blame him for his lack of responsibilityC.tell him to find the cause of the problemD.ask a more able colleague for help(14) When problems occur, winners take them asA.excuses for their failuresB.barriers to greater powerC.challenges to their colleaguesD.chances for self-development(15) Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.A Winner’s Secret.B.A Winner’s Problem.C.A Winner’s Opportunity.D.A Winner’s Achievement.Passage FourSuppose a key man in your firm had just met with a terrible accident. The doctor tells you that this man upon whom you depend for directing sales, checking your books or for performing some other important roles will be laid up for months. You’d have to replace him, wouldn’t you? And probably at a pay about equal to his?Then you’d be faced with double paying for one job because stopping the pay of an injured man would simply be out of the question.You can prevent this kind of unproductive out going on your payroll by providing your key man with the protection of Travelers Business Accident Insurance!--- This insurance provides total medical expense and a weekly income in case a key man is disabled for some time. Should the disability prove everlasting, and income for life is certainty. Why not make out a list of your key men now? Then get together with Travelers Insurance Company, and let us tell you how little it costs to apply this much needed protection to your business.Write and we’ll serve you!(16) The above is most probably ______.A.a reportB.a letter.C.an announcementD.an advertisement(17) What is really true according to the above?A.Travelers Insurance Company provides services of accident insurance.B.An important person of the firm has just had an accident.C.Accident Insurance will protect the important person from accident.D.Unfortunately the important person has become disabled.(18) Whom might the writing be mainly for?A.An important person in a firm.B.An employee of a firm.C.The boss of a company.D.Readers of a newspaper.(19) Why would the pay be doubled?A.Because two persons are doing one job of the same.B.Because the important job is worth double pay.C.Because it is necessary that the injured person should be paid.D.Because the double pay is for two persons.(20) Travelers Insurance Company ______ for a person insured.A.will pay for all the cost of lifeB.will pay the weekly income or even that of lifetimeC.won’t get much from the firmD.will provide everlasting pension as well as medical expensePassage FiveVacations are a chance to take a break from work, see the world and enjoy time with family. But do they make you happier?Researchers from the Netherlands set out to measure the effect that vacations have on overall happiness and how long it lasts. They studied happiness levels among 1,530 Dutch adults, 974 of whom took a vacation during the 32-week study period. The study showed that the largest lift in happiness comes from the simple act of planning a vacation. In the study, the effect of vacation anticipation lifted happiness for eight weeks.After the vacation, happiness quickly dropped back to baseline levels for most people. How much stress or relaxation a traveler experienced on the trip appeared to influence post-vacation happiness. There was no post-trip happiness benefit for travelers who said the vacation was “neutral” or stressful.”Surprisingly, even those travelers who described the trip as “relaxing” showed no additional jump in happiness after the trip. “They were no happier than people who had not been on holiday,” said the lead author, Jeroen Nawijn, tourism research lecturer at Breda University. The only vacationers who experienced an increase in happiness after the trip were those who reported feeling “very relaxed” on their vacation. Among those people, the vacation happiness effect lasted for just two weeks after the trip before returning to baseline levels.One reason vacations don’t increase happiness after the trip may have to do with the stress of returning to work. And for some travelers, the holiday itself was stressful. “In comments from people, the thing they me ntioned most referred to disagreements with a travel partner or being ill,” Mr. Nawijn said.The study didn’t find any relationship between the length of the vacation and overall happiness. Since most of the happiness boost comes from planning and anticipating a vacation, the study suggests that people may get more out of several small trips a year than one big vacation, Mr. Nawijn said.(21) What’s the best title for this passage?A.Post-vacation happinessB.Pre-vacation planningC.Influence to vacationsD.Research on vacations(22) The study implies that _________.A.The longer the vacation is, the happier the travelers will be.B.The better you get your vacation planned, the more happiness you will get.C.It will make you happier if you divide a big vacation into small ones.D.None of the travelers were happier than those who had not been on holiday,(23) Which of the statements is not mentioned in the passage?A.People never have additional jump in happiness after the trip.B.For most people, happiness quickly dropped back to baseline levels after the vacation.C.The largest lift in happiness comes from the simple act of planning a vacation.D.V acations are a chance to get relaxed from work.(24) Which of the following is NOT the reason for not increasing happiness after a trip?A.You got different ideas with your partners on holiday.B.You caught a bad cold during the trip.C.The worry about whether could return to work or not.D.The holiday itself could get you stressed.(25) During the 32-week study period _______of the people involved took a vacation.A.about one secondsB.about two thirdsC.more than one thirdD.less than three fifthPassage SixHow should one invest a sum of money in these clays of inflation (通货膨胀)? Left in a bank it will hardly keep its value, however high the interest rate. Only a brave man, or a very rich one, dares to buy and sell on the Stock Market. Today it seems that one of the best ways to protect your savings, and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past. Here I am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks, which I personally consider are among the most interesting of antiques.I sometimes wonder what a being from another planet might report back about our way of life. "The planet Earth is ruled by a mysterious creature that sits or stands in a room and makes a strange ticking sound. It has a face with twelve black marks and two hands. Men can do nothing without its permission, and it fastens its young round people's wrists so that everywhere men go they are still under its control. This creature is the real master of Earth and men are its slaves."Whether or not we are slaves of time today depends on our culture and personality, but it is believed that many years ago kings kept special slaves to tell the time. Certain men were very clever at measuring the time of clay according to the beating of their own hearts. They were made to stand in a fixed place and every hour or so would shout tire time. So it seems that the first clocks were human beings. However, men quickly found more convenient and reliable ways of telling the time. They learned to use the shadows cast by the sun. They marked the hours on candles, used sand in hour- glasses, and invented water-clocks. Indeed, any serious student of antique should spend as much time as possible visiting palaces, stately homes and museums to see some of the finest examples of clocks from the past. Antique clocks could be very expensive, but one of the joys of collecting clocks is that it is still possible to find quite cheap ones for your own home. After all, if you are going to be ruled by time, why not invest in air antique clock and perhaps make a future profit?(26) According to the passage, collecting antique clocks____.A.can hardly keep the value of your savingsB.will cost much of your savingsC.may increase your wealthD.needs your bravery(27) By quoting (引用) the remark of a being from another planet, the author intends to____.A.suggest human beings are controlled by a clockB.describe why clocks can rule the planet EarthC.tell readers what clocks look likepare chicks to human beings(28) Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to measure the time?A.Counting the beating of one's own heart.B.Making use of candles, sand and water.C.Observing shadows cast by the sun.D.Keeping slaves busy day and night.(29) The underlined phrase stately homes in paragraph 4 means___.A.state-owned housesB.houses in very good conditionC.grand houses open to the publicD.houses where statesmen meet regularly(30) The purpose of the passage is___.A.to introduce the culture of antique clocksB.to offer some advice on collecting antique clocksC.to compare different ways to make a future profitD.to explain convenient and reliable ways of telling timeIV．Translate the following sentences into English. （每题2分，共20分）1．她如此专心地读那本书，以至于有人进来她也没意识到。