人教版七年级上册英语语法和练习

七年级上册英语语法和练习一、代词1、人称代词和物主代词英语的人称代词有三种不同的人称形式：第一人称；第二人称；第三人称。

三种人称又各有单、复数形式。

在上列人称代词的不同形式中，还包含了主格、宾格两种“格”的形式。

这样，从“格”的形式来划分，英语的人称代词又可归纳为：主格：I，you，he，she，it，we，you，they宾格：me，you，him，her，it，us，you，them此外，还有所有格形式。

属格：my，mine，your，yours，his，her，hers，its，our，ours，their，theirs 属格又可分为两类：一类是形容词性物主代词（my，your，his，her，its，our，their）即“物主限定词”；另一类是名词性物主代词（mine，yours，his，hers，ours，theirs），即“物主代词”。

人称代词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格I we you you she\ he\ it they 宾格me us you you her\ him\ it them物主代词形物代my our your your her \his\itstheir名物代mine ours yours yours hers/his/itstheirs人称代词用法：（1）人称代词主格：做主语，表示谁怎么样了，干什么了。

I am a teacher.You are student.He is a student , too.We/You/They are student.（2）人称代词宾格：作宾语，表示动作行为的对象，一般放在动词的后面。

Give it to me.Let’s go.(let’s=let us)（3）形容词性物主代词（my/your/his/her/its/our/their）+名词。

（4）而名词性物主代词（mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs）则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词，故其后不必加名词。

如：-Is this your book?-No,it isn’t,it’s hers(her book).[it’s Jim’s,it’s Tom’s.......] 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。

例：My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink. 为避免重复使用bag，可写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.练习：1.________(我) am a teacher.2.My father is talking with _______(我).3.This is _______(我的) book.4._______(他的) chair is blue.5._______(我们的) classroom is big.6._______(他) often plays basketball after school.7._______(他的) teacher is good.8._______(我们) buy a pair of shoes for _______(他).9.Please pass_____(我们) the ball.10._______(他们) are listening to the radio.11.________(我) am a teacher.12.This is _______(她的) bag. That is__________(他的)13._______(他的) cap is blue. _____________( 我们的) are yellow.14.Our chair is better than _________ ( they).15.I will give the presents to________(they).16.These books are________(I), and those are____(you).17.My ruler is long. ________ ( you ) is short.18.My bike is broken. May I borrow______ ( she)?19.Can you show _______(I) your book?20.It’s time for ______(they) to go home.21.Mr. Green often tells _______(we) some stories.22.These are not your desks. They are _____(our).23.This is not my shirt. It’s _______(he)24.I saw ________(she) in the shop yesterday.人称代词和物主代词练习：（一）用代词的适当形式填空。

1．There is a letter for________ (her 、hers) mother.2．That is _____(she ) coat. The coat is red. ___(it)is a new one. 3．Whose pens are these? _______(their) are ______ (we).4．Give _______(he) a toy, please.5．________(we) eyes are black.6．Tim and Bill are twins. _________(them) parents are teachers. 7．Give the book to __________(I ).8．These books are __________(we).9．That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big.( I )10．The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )11．Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 12．______ is my brother. _____ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _____. ( he )2、指示代词（1）this“这” ,其复数形式 these “这些” ,指代近处的人或物体 ;（2）that“那” ,其复数形式 those“那些” ,指代远处的人或物。

3、指示代词 this that these those 作主语,一般疑问句的简略回答（1）Is this / that your aunt ? Yes , it is . No , it isn’t .简略回答时,用主格代词 it 代替（2）Are these /those your uncles ? Yes , they are . No , they aren’t . 简略回答时,用主格代词 they 代替用所给的词选择填空1、These are pens and ____ are pencils. (that, this, those)2、Tom was sick yesterday. ______ is why he missed school. ( That, Those, These)3、Which of______shirts are Tom's ( These, this, that)4、This desk is mine, ______is hers. ( those, this, that)5、The map of Beijing is better than ______of Tianjing. (this, that, these).二、名词名词: 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。

1、不可数名词:表示的事物,其数量不可以数清或者难以数清。

例如:●water “水” , “水”的数量不可以数清; rice “大米,谷粒” , 其数量难以数清。

不可数名词用法上有两大特点:●(1)、没有复数形式;●(2)、不能用不定冠词 a / an 、基数词、many 修饰。

2、可数名词:表示的事物,其数量可以数清。

可数名词用法上的特点:●(1)、有单数、复数两种形式;●(2)、能用不定冠词 a / an 、基数词、many 修饰。

3、单数名词后加 s 或 es 变成复数名词。

单数名词后加 s 或 es 的方法如下:●(1)、一般情况,名词后直接加 s (清辅音后读 / s /, 浊辅音后读/ z /) 例如: parents“双亲” ;aunts“阿姨” ;friends“朋友”●(2)、以字母 e 结尾的名词,直接加 s (读 / z /) 例如:uncles“叔叔” ;pictures“图画”●(3)、以字母 O 结尾的名词,有的加 s ,有的加 es (读 / z /)例如: photos“照片” ;tomatoes“西红柿” ;●(4)、以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的名词,变 y 为 i,加 es (读 / z /)例如:family → families; party → parties●(5)、以 s x ch sh 结尾名词,直接加 es(读 / Iz/)例如:buses“公共汽车” boxes“盒子” wishes“希望” watches“手表”●(6)、少数名词的复数形式是不规则的,有特殊形式。

man → men woman → women people → people child—children ●(7)knife的复数形式是knives●4、名词所有格 :表示“某人的” , 名词 + ’或’s 构成。

其规则如下: ●(1)、一般情况下,名词后直接加’s: Jim’s (吉姆的); my mother’s(我的母亲的)●2、以 s 结尾的复数名词,直接加’: my friends’ (我的朋友的);hisstudents’●3、一个人或物属各自所有，或者几个人共有,变成所有格。

●Jim’s and Kate’s aunts 吉姆的阿姨和凯特的阿姨●Jim and Kate’s birthday 吉姆和凯特(共有)的生日一、写出下列词的复数形式am_________ is_________ he _________she _______ it ________ that_________this_________ you_________ pen_________desk_________ key_________ orange_______boy_________ friend_________ parent_________class _________ child______ shelf _________bed _________ radio_______ photo_______tomato_______ woman _________ man _________ strawberry _________ dictionary _________ box _________ watch _________二、选择填空( )1.There ____ on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoesB. are photosC. is a photoD. is photos( )2. The old man wants_________ .A. six boxes of applesB. six boxes of appleC. six box of applesD. six boxs of apples( )3. There _________two _________in the box.A. is ,watchB. are ,watchesC. are , watchD. is , watches( )4. The ____ meeting room is near the reading room.A. teacherB. teacher’sC. teachers’D. teachers( )5.___ shirt is white.A. My brotherB. My brothersC. My brother’sD. My brothers’( )6. Today is September 10th. It is ____ Day.A. TeachersB. Teachers’C. the Teachers’D. Teacher’s( )7. It's June 1st, it's _______ Day.A. ChildrensB. Children‘sC. Childrens'D. Childrens's( )8. This year, _______ is on May 9th.A. my mother's birthdayB. my mothers' brithdayC. my mothers birthdayD. my mothers's birthday( )9. This is ___ .A. Mike and Jim's bikeB. Mike's and Jim bikeC. Mike's and Jim's bikeD.Mike and Jim bike三、变换句型（把下列句子变为复数句）。