Promine讲义nt People in Territorial Utah ppt课件
研究生英语课文AUnit1翻译(跨文化交流中的跘脚石)

Unit 1 跨文化交流中的绊脚石1.为什么我们与来自其他文化的人们的交流总是充满了误会,让人感到沮丧呢?令很多人奇怪的是,即使怀着良好的愿望、使用自己认为是友好的方式,甚至有互利的可能性,也似乎都不足以保证交流的成功。
有时候,出现排斥现象正是因为一方所属的文化群体团体是“不同”的。
在这个国际舞台发生重大变化的时刻,探讨为什么尝试交流的结果却令人失望的原因是必要的,这些原因实际上是跨文化交流中的绊脚石。
2.相似性的假设为什么误解或反对会产生呢?这个问题的一个回答就是,大部分的人天真地认为世界上的人有足够的相似之处,可以让我们成功地交流信息或感受,解决共同关注的一些问题,加强商业关系,或者只是产生我们所希望产生的印象。
所有的人都会生儿育女,组成家庭或社会,发展一种语言以及适应他们周围环境, 这种倾向特别具有欺骗性,因为它带来了一种期望,这种期望就是这些行为的形式以及围绕这些行为的态度与价值观念将是相似的。
相信“人就是人”和“我们内在本质是相似的”,这让人感到心安理得,但是下定决心去寻找证据却只会令人失望。
3.力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望,研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的形状,即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合,我们人类各成员都是一样的。
但是这似乎无济于事,只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑,决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。
带来这种情绪感受的情形也因文化而异,例如:由于崇拜的文化信仰不同,一个心爱的人死亡可能带来欢乐、悲哀或其他情感。
4.因为似乎没有普遍的人性可以作为自动理解的基础,所以我们必须把每次交往当作个别案例来处理,寻求任何共同的认知和交流方法并以此作为出发点。
图记单词:词根terr-(大地)

图记单词:词根terr-(⼤地)含义:⼤地,陆地,⼟地,地球。
来源:拉丁语名词terra(⼤地,陆地,地球)。
下⾯我们来学习词根terr-(⼤地)。
这个词根和表⽰“恐吓”的词根terr-拼写完全⼀样,⼤家注意不要混淆。
这个词根来⾃拉丁语名词terra,意思是“⼤地”,但它指的不是某⼀块⼤地,⽽是指整个地球,组成我们世界的整个⼤地。
在古罗马神话中,⼤地⼥神就叫做Terra,相当于古希腊神话中的⼤地⼥神盖亚。
下⾯我们来学习⼀些由词根terr-衍⽣出的单词。
单词territory,中间的-it是个动词后缀,后⾯的-ory是名词,表⽰“地点,场所”。
整个单词的字⾯意思就是“受管辖的⼀⽚⼟地”。
它最早表⽰某个区域,某个地区,后来特指⼀个国家的领⼟,还可以⽐喻个⼈或动物占据的地盘、负责的地区或领域。
单词terrace,后⾯的-ace是个名词后缀,整个单词的本意是“泥⼟做出来的平台”,在此基础上引申出较多含义,⽐如建筑物中的阳台、露天平台,sun terrace意思就是“阳台”,roof terrace意思就是“房顶上的平台”。
它还可以表⽰“梯⽥”或⾜球场中的阶梯看台,因为它们的形状都类似阳台。
它还可以表⽰“排屋”,也就是⼀排相互连接、样式接近的房屋。
单词terrain原本是个形容词,后⾯的-an是形容词后缀。
它的本意是“⼤地的,⼟地的”,后来转作名词,表⽰具有某种地形、地势特性的区域,某个地带,常常⽤于地理或军事领域中。
⽐如,rough terrain(崎岖不平的地带),desert terrain(沙漠地带),rocky terrain(多⽯地带)。
单词terrestrial,后⾯的-estrial是⼀个复合形容词后缀,整个单词的意思就是“⼤地的、地球的”。
在⽣物领域,它表⽰“陆⽣的,⽣活在陆地上的”,如terrestrial animals(陆⽣动物)。
在通信领域,它表⽰基于地⾯传输⽽⾮卫星传输的,如terrestrial broadcasting(地⾯⼴播)。
unit5讲义

Nearly all the people infected with the AIDS virus will die.
The medicine is very effective in controlling the spread of the virus.
这种药能有效地控制这种病毒的传播。
a. 联邦的,联邦制的
联邦政府
federal republic 联ຫໍສະໝຸດ 共和国 implement
vt. carry out or put into practice
实施,执行
The group's idea will be implemented immediately.
Passage A The Battle Against AIDS
一*New Words
acquire
vt. get by one's own work, skill, etc.
获得;学到
He acquired a knowledge of the language by careful study.
组织,安排
Several programs have been delayed by poor organization.
几个项目由于组织不力而被耽搁。
I think the organization of the book is not good.
我认为这本书的结构安排不好。
这个计划的不足之处是显而易见的,因而是不可能成功的。
The officer was quite worried about the deficiency in the supply of water.
罗茗科托福写作讲义

2007年11月25日“There is always a siren, singing the shipwreck. Steering always from each rock, we have been a walking disaster. Just because you feel it, doesn’t mean it’s there.”Walking dictionary 活字典写作原则:重要提前原则。
”Make your sentence longer and longer.”主动> 被动注意形容词和动词的多样化,加强使用副词。
一一不对应原则。
Independent Task – TopicsPreference A or B.Opinion Agree or DisagreeDescription Open QuestionWhat makes a man? (responsible, rational, analytical, critical, informative, chivalrous…)写作步骤:Plan:1. Identify the Question2. Brainstorm3. Positioning4. Create OutlineWrite:Initial the Into-partGenerate body paragraphsGive conclusionProofread:CheckUpgrade怎样想理由?(Brainstorm)SWOT·Strengths·Weakness·Opportunities·ThreatsSTAKEHOLDER·Interests·Perspective·Ideology/mind-set/methodologyLIMITATIOJNS·Time: anytime?·Situation: every situation?·Place: every place?·Exception: no exception at all?2007年12月02日“Chongqing, the city of never Jazz.”2007年12月09日Independent TaskIntroductionAttention device (Grab the attention from the reader) ·Paraphrase the topic (-)·Background understanding (0)·Super Star Opening (+)Theme (Explain your position on the topic clearly) ·From my perspective, …How to develop·Transition to the body paragraphs·I regard analytical & rational as…·Hence, this essay will firstly…Key Note:·3-5 sentences·Do not to into specific example·Do not repeat the topic·Theme>Attention Device>HTDHow to create attention device?·Restate or extend the Question·Describe the background information·Use Story/Scenario·Use adage/quotation/expert opinion·Make shocking Statement·Employ Parallel Rhetorical Questions“He knows no danger.He knows no fear.He knows nothing.”2007年12月16日“You are only just a dream boat, sailing in my head You swim my secret oceans of coral blue and redYour smell is incense burningYour touch is silken yetIt reaches through my skin, moving from within and clutches at my breastBut it is only when I sleep”Independent Tast (开头段写法)When Adam Smiths argued that ”there is an invisible hand above the market”, he was only partly right, in terms of the China market.The students at West Virginia University don’t want you to think they take life too seriously. -------marriage issueWhen Ted Kennedy gazes from the windows from his office in Boston, he can see the harbors’“Golden Stairs” where all eight of his great grandparents first set foot in America. ------US Visa IssuePreviously, for some years, dangerous sports such as extreme sports became prevalent to many people, especially young generations.A teacher sometimes has to be a referee, a coach, and a …The year is marked with many holidays each with its traditional rites and customs.The bride and groom, a guitar-wielding rock vixen and a muscle-rippling dragon-slayer, make an odd couple---so it is hardly surprising that nobody expected their marriage. But on December 2nd the videogame companies behind "guitar Hero" and "World of Warcraft", Activision and Vivendi Games respectively, announced plans for an elaborate merger.As Americans digest the news of another gun atrocity, a mall shooting in Nebraska on December 5th, they cannot be blamed for thinking that guns are in too ready supply. But an article in the latest Economic Journal suggests that the demand for illegal guns, at least, is not met as easily as people might fear.Just as computers used to occupy entire rooms, and were able to make only a few thousand computations a second, so the first DNA-sequencing machines were able to read only about 5000 genetic "letters" a day. Technology changes. Now it is possible for a single machine to sequence a human genome of about 3 billion letters in two months. At this rate, those 5000 letters would take less than ten seconds.In a world where sight and sound seem to reign supreme, all it takes is a cursory glance at the size of the perfume industry to realize that smell matters quite a lot, too.IT is a typical example of the colonization of a new frontier. A few intrepid explorers stake out some new, unexplored territory. Before long the first settlers move in and start to look for ways to make a quick buck. their success attracts more settler, and an unruly bonanza ensues; finally the policemen, lawyers and tax collectors show up. But the territory in question is not a new continent: it is the realm of cyberspace, where two developments suggest that virtual worlds are coming of age. The first is the emergence of commercial uses for virtual environments; the second is the advent of litigation and regulation.Even miracles have their price. When DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1984, it was an extraordinary advance in forensic science. It was also an irresistible temptation to the public authorities to start building databases of their crimina l citizens’' genetic profiles. Regardless of the rights and wrongs of those decisions, these databases have created a need for the mass storage of biological samples."I have not failed. I have just found 10000 ways that won't work." That is how Thomas Edison described his laborious attempts to perfect the incandescent light bulb. Yet an emerging technique for developing inventions knocks even Edison's exhaustive approach into a cocked hat. Evolutionary design, which borrows its ideas from biology, enables a computer to run through tens of millions of variations on an invention until it hits on the best solution to a problem.开篇场景描写:You try to turn off the TV, but you can’t find the remote. Then your cell phone starts ringing, and your alarm clock goes on. Your computer screen flashes a fatal error message; while your electric popcorn popper sends popcorn all over your kitchen, plus a Ding ring of your Microwave and the siren alarm of your water pot. Sounds familiar? If you are like most people you are in an ongoing battle with technology, and unfortunately, technology is winning.He quiets us down with just a stare.Recharge(充电) my batteriesHeaven never seals off all the exits. 天无绝人之路。
《Places of Interest》 讲义

《Places of Interest》讲义当我们谈到“Places of Interest”,也就是名胜古迹,脑海中会浮现出各种各样令人惊叹的地方。
这些地方或许承载着悠久的历史,或许拥有令人陶醉的自然风光,又或许展现了独特的文化魅力。
首先,让我们来聊聊中国的长城。
长城,那可是世界闻名的伟大建筑。
它宛如一条巨龙蜿蜒在中国的大地上,从东边的山海关一直延伸到西边的嘉峪关。
长城的修建历史可以追溯到很久很久以前,当初的目的是为了抵御外敌入侵。
如今,它已经成为了中国的标志性景点,吸引着来自世界各地的游客。
当你站在长城上,放眼望去,那雄伟壮观的景象会让你不禁感叹古人的智慧和毅力。
你能想象在当时的条件下,人们是如何搬运那些巨大的石块,如何在陡峭的山坡上修建起这样一座坚固的防御工事的吗?再说说埃及的金字塔。
金字塔是古埃及法老的陵墓,它们的建造工艺和神秘的历史令人着迷。
那巨大的石块是如何被精准地堆砌起来的?金字塔内部的通道和墓室又隐藏着怎样的秘密?每一块石头都仿佛在诉说着古埃及的辉煌与神秘。
当你走进金字塔,那种肃穆和庄严的氛围会让你感受到历史的厚重。
印度的泰姬陵也是一处不可错过的名胜。
这座白色大理石建筑是莫卧儿王朝皇帝沙贾汗为纪念他的爱妃而兴建的。
泰姬陵的美丽不仅仅在于它的外观,还在于它背后那段深情的爱情故事。
整个建筑对称而和谐,在阳光的照耀下散发着迷人的光芒。
欧洲也有许多令人向往的名胜古迹。
比如法国的埃菲尔铁塔,它是巴黎的地标性建筑。
夜晚的埃菲尔铁塔更是别有一番魅力,灯光璀璨,照亮了整个城市的夜空。
还有意大利的罗马斗兽场,那是古罗马时期的巨大建筑,曾经见证了无数激烈的角斗和血腥的战斗。
如今,虽然它已经残破,但依然能让人感受到当年的宏伟气势。
在美洲,美国的大峡谷也是一处令人震撼的自然奇观。
峡谷的深度和广度让人叹为观止,那层层叠叠的岩石和奔腾不息的河流构成了一幅壮观的画面。
当你站在峡谷边缘,会感受到大自然的鬼斧神工和自己的渺小。
人教版地理八年级下册《附录一:本书主要地理词汇中英文对照表》_57

“人口与人种”教学设计教材简析人口带来的问题在全球影响越来越严重了,如何解决人口自身的问题及带来的各种问题是当前全球都在关注和要解决的.本节教材通过四个部分来讲述,世界人口的增长主要通过图表资料来了解世界人口在过去和现在的增长形势.世界人口分布的特点则是通过人口密度和世界人口分布图来呈现.人口问题是本节的重点内容,教材通过丰富的图文资料来展示,让学习能深入浅出.最后一部分通过三大人种特点的对比加深学习记忆和理解,并通过图来显示世界三大人种的分布范围.新课标要求1、运用地图、资料,说出世界人口增长和分布的特点.2、举例说明人口问题对环境及社会、经济的影响.3、说出世界三大人种的特点,并在地图上指出三大人种的主要分布地区.学生能力分析通过一段时间的观察,学生的地理基础较差,很多地理知识都记不住,掌握不了,在学习过程中独立思考的能力较差,自觉性较差.可有一点,学生对日常生活的地理还是很有兴趣的.本节课与生活接近,所以本节设想通过小组学习的方式来培养和提高学生的思考能力、团体协作精神和自觉性.认知目标1、人口的自然增长率,世界人口增长的现状.2、世界人口增长的不均匀,发达国家增长慢,发展中国家增长快.3、人口密度,世界人口分布的特点及其分布环境条件.4、人口问题,人口迁移的条件和对迁入地的影响.5、世界三大人种的特点及其分布地区.能力目标1、通过教材的图表资料讨论总结,理解世界人口增长越来越快.提高学生的演译推理能力.2、通过完成教材的各国人口自然增长率不均表分析发达国家和发展中国家人口增长的特点,提高学生的对比分析能力,加深学生对计划生育政策的理性认识.3、阅读“人口问题”和“人口迁移”的教材内容,让学生理解我国计划生育政策的重要意义,提高学生的分析判断能力.4、对比分析世界三大人种的特点,理解其形成及分布是与环境有关,情感目标1、通过学习,让学生树立起正确理解“人口增长”和“人口问题”的科学人口观.2、分析归纳三大人种分布的原因和条件,培养学生的科学人生观,正确平等对待不同的人种的人怀精神.教学重点1、理解“人口问题”对环境及社会、经济的影响.2、在地图上读出世界三大人种的主要分布地区,并能正确理解不同的人种特点是与自然环境有密切联系,树立科学正确的人和观.教学难点1、理解“人口问题”对环境及社会、经济的影响,树立“人人平等”的科学人和观.2、培养学生团结合作、收集信息和解决问题的能力.教学设想分组讨论、学习,每个小组分别对一个专题学习讨论,归纳总结;通过问题-探究-反馈-求解的模式达到学习、掌握和提高知识技能.教学时数:一课时教学课型:讨论课板书设计(投影显示)第一节人口与人种一、世界人口的增长1、世界人口增长的特点:20世纪以来,增长速度大大加快.世界各地人口的增长速度不同(非洲人口自然增长率最高).二、世界人口的分布1、世界人口的分布:不均匀,人口多集中分布在中低纬度近海的平原地区.2、人口分布的条件:与地形、气候和降水有关.三、人口问题1、人口增长过快带来交通堵塞、就业困难、居住条件差和饥饿贫困等问题.2、人口增长过慢带来人口老龄化、劳动力不足和国防兵员不足.3、我国的计划生育政策:提倡一对夫妇只生育一个小孩.四、不同的人种1、世界三大人种:白种人、黄种人和黑种人.2、世界人种的分布.3、人种形成与环境的关系.后记:结合新课标对学生的要求,为更好地实现新课标的教学目标, 通过这次讨论课的学习,达到初步掌握和体现学生自学中所表现出来的各种能力,并据此来进行下一阶段乃至以后的教学手段和方式方法.从学生所表现出来的能力来看,学生的推理能力和自我创新能力都比较差.如在回答第三小组第3小题时,没有多少个学生能有自己的见解和观点,他们好像都习惯于听老师说答案,不想或不会发挥和发散自己的思维去思考问题.依赖性太强.所以在乡镇中学里要实现新课标的教学目标,还是要有很长的时间,教学手段也与城市有很大的不同.特别是对学生创新思维的培养和提高,更是在平时课堂中要重点训练.。
国际法双语课件4_Population_in_Internaional_Law

its overseas dependencies]). 单系血统原则(自然人出生时,
须其父母一方为本国公民,其子女方取得本国国籍,原则上随 父系)
• Nationality law in continental Europe is historically based
upon the Napoleonic Code which established that for purposes of nationality, that of the father was primary. For
第4章 第一节
国籍
Nationality
• 国籍法nationality law • the branch of law concerned with the questions of nationality and citizenship, and how these statuses are transmitted, acquired, or lost. The law of each state primarily determines who are its nationals.内容 不外乎国籍的取得、丧失或变更。 • 各国国籍法的立法方式 legislation style • 1.在宪法中规定。最早是法国1791年宪法; • 2.单行法方式。最早-1842.12普鲁士国籍法,当今大多数国 家采取 • 关于国籍的公约 • 1930 年《关于国籍法冲突的若干问题海牙公约》 • 1954年《关于无国籍人地位的公约》 • 1957年《已婚妇女国籍公约》 • 1961年《减少无国籍状态公约》
many years, therefore, in Europe and in former European
pet精讲班讲义(教师)2060628

Unit 1 Explorer一、Vocabulary-1What can you find at the bottom of the sea?海底 the bottom of the sea 珊瑚coral 船只残骸shipwreck 古代的城市ancient cities 地点/场所site 定居地点settlements 住所habitation 遗迹remains 人类humanHow to explore the bottom of the ocean?探险家explorer 潜水艇 submarine发送现场照片send live pictures控制control想象imagine imagination imaginativeThe four oceans:太平洋-the Pacific (Ocean) 大西洋-the Atlantic (Ocean)印度洋-the Indian Ocean 北冰洋-the Arctic OceanBreak and memorize:船只残骸 ship wreck ____ _____ ____ _____ ____ _____ ____ _____ ____ _____古代的 an cient __ ____ __ ____ __ ____ __ ____ __ ____ ______ __ ____定居地点 se ttle ment __ ____ ____ __ ____ ____ __ ____ ____ __ ________ __ ____ ____住所 ha bi ta tion __ __ __ ____ __ __ __ ____ __ __ __ ____ __ __ __ ____ __ __ __ ____遗迹 re mains __ _____ __ _____ __ _____ __ _____ __ _____ __ _____ __ _____人类 hu man __ ___ __ ___ __ ___ __ ___ __ ___ __ ___ __ ___ __ ___ __ ___探险 ex plore __ _____ __ _____ __ _____ __ _____ __ _____ __ _____ __ _____潜水艇 sub ma rine ___ __ ____ ___ __ ____ ___ __ ____ ___ __ ____ ___ __ ____控制 con trol ___ ____ ___ ____ ___ ____ ___ ____ ___ ____ ___ ____ ___ ____想象 i ma gine _ __ ____ _ __ ____ _ __ ____ _ __ ____ _ __ ____ _ __ ____想象力 i ma gi na tion _ __ __ __ ____ _ __ __ __ ____ _ __ __ __ ____ _ __ __ __ ____太平的 pa ci fic __ __ ___ __ __ ___ __ __ ___ __ __ ___ __ __ ___ __ __ ___大西洋 at lan tic __ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ __ ___ ___北极的 arc tic ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___二、ReadingA. Skim the text for these questions:1、Where is Dr. Ballard from?2、What is he famous for?3、What does he use to explore the bottom of the sea?B. Read the text and decide if each sentence is correct (A) or incorrect(B).1、There are a hundred shipwrecks at the bottom of the sea2、The remains of Titanic have been in the sea for 3800 years.3、Dr. Ballard goes into the sea in a small submarine.4、He wants to find different types of fish and coral.5、Some people used to live where there is water now.6、Dr. Ballard is doing some research (研究) about the site.7、Dr. Ballard is trying to set up an underwater museum althoughthere is less history than in the museums on land.8、People all over the world can go to the underwater museum to take some pictures.9、Dr. Ballard likes putting pictures on the Internet.C. Answer the questions below.1、The text is trying to_____________________.A. tell us how to explore the sea.B. tell us the history of Titanic.C. introduce us an explorer to the readers.D. show us human being can live in the water2、What kind of TV programs is Dr. Ballard likely to enjoy?A. water sports like sailingB. quiz shows about fish andcoralC. cartoonsD. documentaries about humanhabitation3、What are the advantages and disadvantages of Dr. Ballard’s job?4、Do you want to be an explorer, and why?三、GrammarHe watches TV everyday时态:__________________ 结构:_______________________ 用法:______________________He watched TV yesterday.时态:__________________ 结构:_______________________ 用法:______________________He is watching TV now.时态:__________________ 结构:_______________________ 用法:______________________◆用watch 的适当形式填空:时态:一般现在时态现在进行时态一般过去时态结构:___________ ___________ _________-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------She ___________ TV everyday but I _____________ (not) watch TV very often.________she __________TV everyday? Yes, she ________. No, she __________.She _____________ (not) watch TV everyday.He _______________TV now but his parents ______________________ (not) at the moment.____ he _____________ TV now? Yes, he is/No, he isn’t.He _________________ (not) TV now.They ____________ TV last night._______ they __________ TV last night? Yes, they ________. No, they ___________.They _________________ (not) TV last night.★常用不规则动词过去式变法:Base form Past simplebecome ____________begin____________blow ____________break ____________bring____________build____________buy ____________can_____________catch_____________choose________________come________________cost________________Base form Past simplecut________________do________________drink________________drive________________eat________________fall ________________feel _______________fight _______________find _______________fly _______________forget _______________get _______________give _______________go _______________grow ________________have _______________hearhit _______________hold ______________hurt _______________keep _______________know _______________leave _______________let _______________lose _______________make _______________meet _______________payput _______________read _______________ride ________________ring ________________run _______________say _______________see _______________sell _______________send _______________sing _______________sinksit _______________sleep _______________speak _______________spend ________________stand _______________steal _______________swim _______________take ________________teachtell ________________think ________________understand ________________wake ________________wear _______________win _______________write _______________◆Translating:1、人们经常在海底发现人类居住地的遗迹。