全新版大学英语快速阅读3原文
全新版大学英语综合教程3课文原文及翻译
全新版大学英语综合教程3课文原文及翻译unit 3 The Land of the LockYears ago in America, it was customary for families to leave their doors unlocked, day and night. In this essay, Greene regrets that people can no longer trust each other and have to resort to elaborate security systems to protect themselves and their possessions.许多年前，在美国，家家户户白天黑夜不锁门是司空见惯的。
在本文中，格林叹惜人们不再相互信任，不得不凭借精密的安全设备来保护自己和财产。
The Land of the LockBob Greene1 In the house where I grew up, it was our custom to leave the front door on the latch at night. I don't know if that was a local term or if it is universal; "on the latch" meant the door was closed but not locked. None of us carried keys; the last one in for the evening would close up, and that was it.锁之国鲍伯·格林小时候在家里，我们的前门总是夜不落锁。
我不知道这是当地的一种说法还是大家都这么说；"不落锁"的意思是掩上门，但不锁住。
我们谁都不带钥匙；晚上最后一个回家的人把门关上，这就行了。
全新版大学英语综合教程3课文原文
全新版大学英语综合教程3课文原文THE RICHEST MAN IN AMERICA, DOWN HOMEArt Harris 1 He put on a dinner jacket to serve as a waiter at the birthday party of The Richest Man in America. He imagined what surely awaited: a mansion, a "Rolls-Royce for every day of the week," dogs with diamond collars, servants everywhere.·。
，：，—，，。
2 Then he was off to the house, wheeling past the sleepy town square in Bentonville, a remote Arkansas town of 9,920, where Sam Walton started with a little dime store that grew into a $6 billion discount chain called Wal-Mart. He drove down a country road, turned at a mailbox marked "Sam and Helen Walton," and jumped out at a house in the woods.，。
9,920，·，60。
，“·”，。
3 It was nice, but no palace. The furniture appeared a little worn. An old pickup truck sat in the garage and a muddy bird dog ran about the yard. He never spotted any servants.，。
全新版大学英语综合教程3课文原文及翻译完整版
全新版大学英语综合教程3课文原文及翻译完整版Many Americans have a romanticized view of life in the countryside。
They dream of starting their own farms and living off the land。
However。
few actually follow through with these dreams。
This may be for the best。
as XXX。
XXX difficulties。
XXX to change his way of life.When XXX owning a farm。
XXX't be easy。
He had to learn how to manage all aspects of the farm。
XXX。
he had to balance his farm work with his writing career。
However。
he was determined to make it work and was willing to put in the hard work and long hours required.Despite the challenges。
XXX in his new way of life。
He enjoys being able to work outside and connect with nature。
He also appreciates the sense of independence and self-sufficiency that comes with running a farm。
While it can be difficult at times。
XXX.In n。
while farming may not be the XXX。
全新版大学英语阅读教程3课文翻译+答案(补几篇零散查到的)
2.The American Man我们不厌其烦地谈论“美国男人”，似乎他们身上存在着某种几十年或者十年恒常不变的品质。
当今的美国男人不再是1630 年来到新英格兰的快乐的农民了。
他们不再是老脑筋，他们不再以内向的性格为荣，他们不会坐在没有取暖设备的教堂里连做三遍祷告。
在南方，富裕的受母亲制约的种植园主也发展壮大了，但这两种“美国男人”都不像之后东北部发达起来的贪婪的铁路承包商。
而不计后果、为所欲为的西部文明移民也不像他们。
即使在我们自己的年代，公认的模范也发生了戏剧性的变化。
举个例子说，在20 世纪50 年代，这样一种美国人越来越凸显出来，成为大多数人认可的模范。
这就是50 年代的男人。
上班起早贪黑，干活尽职尽责，养家糊口，遵规守纪。
里根就是这类人的典型——固执而坚忍不拔。
这类人弄不懂女人的心，却颇为赏识女人的身体；他们的文化观和文化观的美国部分幼稚而乐观。
他们大都有坚忍不拔、信心十足的品质，但在他们魅力十足、虚张声势的外表下，还有另外的三个特征：孤立、清贫、被动。
他们需要通过自己的敌人来证明自己还活着。
50 年代的男人喜欢橄榄球，好斗，他们维护美国，从不流泪，只是默默奉献。
但在这些男人的身上，善于接纳和对人友善的品质消失了。
他们的个性缺乏洋溢感。
他们还缺乏同情心，正是这点怂恿了他们对越战的狂热；就像后来的里根，他的头脑中缺乏那种我们称之为“和平之心”的东西，这使得他对萨尔瓦多那些手无寸铁的人，对这里的老人、失业者、上学的孩子，乃至对穷人都铁石心肠、残暴野蛮。
50 年代的男人清楚地知道男人该是什么样，男人的职责是什么，但他们自身孤立和片面的观念弄得他们危机四伏。
到了60 年代，又出现了另外一类男人。
越战的荒废和暴虐让他们质疑，自已是否真的知道一个成年男人是什么样子?如果成年等于越战，他们对成年还有一丝一毫的向往吗?同时，女权运动激励男人们开始真切地审视女人，迫使他们开始理解50 年代男人苦苦逃避的担忧和苦楚。
全新版 大学英语 快速阅读第一册 Unit3 非英语专业(素文整理)
Unit 31.Direction: read the following passages, and then select the best choice for each ofthe questions or inplete statements.Passage 1Traditional American summer camps offer young people a chance to play many sports. These camps may be in the mountains. Or they may be in the woods, or at a lake. Some camps teach activities like painting or music. Or they teach puter programming or foreign languages. Children at all kinds of camps meet new friends. They learn new skills and develop independence.Some children go to camp during the day and return home at night. Others stay at camp all day and all night. Children stay at an overnight camp for between one and eight weeks. Parents can pay less than one hundred dollars or more than seven-hundred dollars a week for an overnight camps.Children from poor families might not have a chance to attend summer camp. The Fresh Air Fund is a well-known organization. People around the country give money to support the Fresh Air Fund. Each summer it sends ten thousand poor children to stay with families in the country or to five camps in New York State.Summer camps have bee very important to millions of families. Many American women now work outside the home. Working parents need a place where their children can be cared for during the summer when they are not in school.Young people who like the arts can learn about painting, music, acting or writing. Camps that offer programs in science and environmental studies are popular, too. There are also camps for older children who like wilderness (野外) adventure. These campers take long trips by bicycle or canoe. Or they go rock climbing or ride horses. Other summer camps in American children learn about religion or help them lose weight.(words: 280)1. All traditional American Summer Camps teach children to be .A) braveB) lovelyC) patientD) independent2.In an overnight camp, children.A) return home at nightB) only stay there for the nightC) spend less than a week thereD) are there the whole day and night3. It can be learned from the passage that the Fresh Air Fund.A) helps children in generalB) receives money from around the countryC) has established five summer campsD) supports families in the country4. Summer camps have bee popular because .A) children can learn more there than in schoolB) they teach children new skillsC) children like living thereD) they are good places to send children to during summer vacation5. The writer wants to explain that summer camp is .A) something newB) only for those in povertyC) possible for children from either rich or poor familiesD) possible only for those from rich familiesPassage 2On a summer afternoon in 1795, a teenage boy named Daniel McGinnis was exploring a tiny island off the eastern coast of Canada. He was walking through a meadow 〔草地〕of tall grass when he noticed something strange. In the center of the meadow was a huge oak〔橡树〕tree. The ground beneath it was lower than the surrounding ground. Daniel knew that pirates (海盗)had once sailed in the waters around the island. The next day Daniel returned to the island with shovels〔铲子〕and two friends. The boys began digging and soon discovered a layer of stones. Under the stones was a hole about four meters wide. It was filled with loose dirt. The boys kept digging for several days. Three meters below the ground their shovels hit an oak floor. They kept digging.But when they discovered another oak floor nine meters below the ground, they decided that they couldn’t dig any deeper.Eight years later, Daniel McGinnis returned with a group of men to continue digging beneath the oak tree. One evening, 30 meters below the ground, their shovels hit a large wooden box. The box had to be a treasure chest (大箱子)！The men went home to rest until daylight. When they returned in the morning, there was an unpleasant surprise—the hole had fi lled with water. The men couldn’t remove the water.During the following 200 years, dozens of search groups have dug in the hole, but each group only made the hole bigger. The hole that was once four meter wide is now enormous. The oak tree is now gone. Where is the hole that Daniel McGinnis found? Today nobody knows for sure, and there is still the problem of water in the hole.(Words: 286)1. Daniel McGinnis .A) had ancestors who were piratesB) was curious about the valuable treasure of piratesC) was a pirate himselfD) recovered the valuable treasure of pirates2. When Daniel and his two friends dug for the treasure, they .A) discovered an oak thereB) gave up because they had dug too deepC) found an oak floorD) dug for about 12 meters deep3. When Daniel and his friends continued digging eight years later, the major problem wasA) removing the dirtB) making the hole biggerC) locating the large wooden boxD) getting water out of the hole4. Which of the following explains the disappearance of the hole found by Daniel McGinnis?A) The oak tree was planted elsewhere.B) The hole was made much bigger.C) Seawater drowned〔淹没〕the island.D) Other search groups gave up on finding the hole.5. The best title for the passage is .A) Legend(传奇)of Daniel McGinnisB) Mystery of the Hidden TreasureC) Discovery of the Hidden TreasureD) Explorer of the Mysterious IslandII. Directions: Read the following passages, and then fill in the blanks with the missing information.Passage 3The song “Happy Birthday to You〞is sung all over the world just before the birthday boy or girl blows out the candles on the cake. It is so simple that children as young as three can sing it. The song, with its original 〔最初的〕title “Good Morning to You〞, was written in 1893 by the two sisters, Mildred and Patty Smith Hill. They were the daughters of a progressive Kentucky couple, who believed in female education at a time—the mid-nineteenth century—when it was still a novel idea and who trained their two daughters to be schoolteachers. They were long involved in elementary education, and Patty, in particular. She achieved a lot as a pioneer in kindergarten education, and for several decades a major spokesman for preschool education. She taught at Columbia University’s Teachers College from 1905 to 1935, and at her retirement became one of the first women to be named an honorary (荣誉的)professor by Columbia.A birthday cake with burning candles is also an important part at one’s birthday party. It may derive, distantly from the ancient Greek practice of offering to Artemis, goddess of the hunt and of the moon, a round honey cake into which a candle was stuck. After German bakers invented the modern birthday cake in the Middle Ages, a similar custom was adopted fro the advocate 〔提倡〕of good spirits at birthdays. The cake, ready by morning, would be surrounded by burning candles, in a kind of protective fire circle, and they would be kept lit all day, until dessert time at the evening meal.(Words: 262)1. The passage is about .2. In the mid-nineteenth century was still a new idea.3. Patty made great achievement in .4. The cake today may e from.5. The candles on a birthday cake were kept burning from morning.Passage 4Most of us have formed an unrealistic picture of life on a desert island. We sometimes imagine a desert island to be a sort of paradise 〔天堂〕where the sun always shines. Life there is simple and good. Ripe fruits fall from the trees and you never have to work. The other side of the picture is quite the opposite. Life on a desert island is wretched. You either starve to death or live like Robinson Crusoe, waiting for a boatwhich never es. Perhaps there is an element of truth in both pictures, but few of us would ever have the opportunity to find out.Two men who recently spent five days on a coral island wished they had stayed there longer. They were taking a badly damaged boat from the Virgin Islands to Miami to have it repaired. During the journey, their boat began to sink. They quickly loaded a small rubber dinghy 〔船上附属的小船〕with food, matches, and cans of beer and rowed for a few miles across the Caribbean until they arrived at a tiny coral island. There were hardly any trees on the island and there was no water, but this did not prove to be a problem. The men collected rain-water in the rubber dinghy. As they had brought a spear gun with them, they had plenty to eat. They caught lobster and fish every day, and, as one of them put it “ate like kings〞. When a passing tanker rescued them five days later, both men were genuinely sorry that they had to leave.(Words 258 ) 1.The two pictures of life on a deserted island people tend to have are:.2. Neither of the two opposite pictures of life on a desert island .3. The two men made the journey to Miami to .4. Water was no problem for the two men on the island because.5. The two men were sorry to leave the island because. III. Directions: Read the following passages, and then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).Passage 5When someone who is in good health dies suddenly, there is usually an inquest.An inquest is a kind of court inquiry. The person in charge of an inquest is called a coroner. His job is to find out exactly how a person died.If there is nothing suspicious(可疑的)about the death, he would decide that the person died from natural causes or an accident. If, however, he is suspicious, he may decide that the person’s death was caused by a person or persons unknown.At one inquest, the coroner was trying to find out exactly what had caused the death of a local businessman, Henry Smith.The man’s widow was offering the evidence. She was very upset and had to stop from time to time.The coroner did not want to upset her more than necessary, but he had to find out the truth. There were questions he had to ask her.“Mrs. Smith, I know this is too much for you,〞he said, “but I want you to think very carefully and then answer my questions.〞“You and your husband were having dinner at home. Is that correct?〞“Yes.〞“Suddenly he fell to the floor.〞“Yes.〞“Did he say anything?〞The widow lowered her head.“Please, Mrs. Smith, you must answer the question. What were his last words?〞The widow took a deep breath and then spoke. “He said,〞he whisper ed, “I’m not surprised you were charged only 50 cents for that seafood we had for dinner.〞(Words: 249) ( ) 1. An inquest is done in one’s home.( ) 2. The coroner decides on the nature of a per son’s death.( ) 3. The coroner was very careful in asking Mrs. Smith questions so as not to upset her.( ) 4. Mrs. Smith was quick to tell the truth.( ) 5. The bad seafood was responsible for Mr. Smith’s death.Passage 6Joe Bloggs worked in a large and famous pany.The president of the pany believed in keeping his employees 〔雇员〕happy.One year, he offered them a pension (养老金)fund.The idea was that the workers would pay five percent of their wages into a pension fund. The pany would also pay a sum equal to five percent.When an employee retire 〔退休〕from the pany, he could take with him all the money that he and the pany had put into his pension fund.“I will open the pension fund〞, the president of th e pany said, “as soon as you all agree to join. Unless you all join, I won’t open the fund. You’ve got a week to make up your minds.〞The idea was very a good one and everyone except Joe Bloggs agreed to join.“I don’t understand it,〞Bloggs said.His co-workers tried to explain it to him, but he just kept saying, “I still don’t understand it.〞Time passed and there was only an hour left until the week was up.The president sent for Joe Bloggs to e to his office on the 20th floor.“Mr. Bloggs,〞he said, “a ll the employees agree with what I am going to say to you, so listen carefully.〞“It had better be good,〞Bloggs said.“Oh, it is,〞the president said. “If you don’t agree to join the pension fund before I finish counting to ten, the security guards will throw you out of the window.〞Joe Bloggs immediately signed the form which said he would agree to join the plan. “Now that you have explained it clearly,〞he said, “of course I’ll join.〞(Words: 274) ( ) 1. The pany would put more money into an employee’s pension fund.( ) 2. The employees could not take the money from his pension fund until their retirement.( ) 3. The president gave his employees one week to decide whether to join the pension fund or not.( ) 4. Joe Bloggs was called to the president’s office one day before the end of the week.( ) 5. Joe agreed to join the pension fund after realizing its importance.KeyUnit 3Passage 1D D B D CPassage 2B C D B BPassage 31.the birthday song and birthday cake2.female education3.kindergarten education4.ancient Greek practice of offering to the goddess of the hunt and the moon5.till dessert time in the eveningPassage 41.it is simple and good; or it is wretched2.is realistic3.have their boat repaired4.there was enough rain water5.they ate like king therePassage 5F T T F T Passage 6F T T F F。
全新版大学英语视听阅读3答案(1-8单元)
崭新版大学英语视听阅读3（学生用书）参照答案Unit king of the spidersWarming upI. Barbed abdomen burrow fang silk spanII. C D G A B F EReading ComprehensionC A CD A C B any fear human deathUnit 2. KoalasWarming upI. Vulnerable Eucalyptus species mammalII. C E F D A BReading ComprehensionD A D A D D B and koalas in helping to save to the country ’s economyexciting streets of BarcelonaWarming upI. spontaneous pedestrain stimulating improvise artisticallyII. market stalls gangster make-up dais onlookersReading ComprehensionA C C DB A B quarters of a mile and no such a separation between art and lifehidden treasures of EgyptWarming upI. tombs pyramid Pharaoh royal Artifacts mummyII. D C B AReading ComprehensionC B AD A C D each one king’s harness for his chariot are many more artifacts still to be found in EgyptbuilderWarming upI. fossil dinosaur roam skeleton extinct reptileII. F C E A D G BReading ComprehensionA CBC AD D giant jigsaw puzzle and behavior and moutingUnit detectiveWarming upI. F E D B A CII. mamba pythonReading ComprehensionC AD A C B C enclosed in their new homes some of the non-venomous snakes giving people a firsthand experience with snakesUnit adventureWarming upI. E D B C A FII. D E B A F CReading ComprehensionC D A B B B C Blanc vertical waterfall that is almost 50 meters high Trou BlancUnit walkWarming upI. E D B C F AII. Astronauts immersed physicological in orbit space shuttles mission Reading ComprehensionA CB B D A A through intense training on a mission 10. Extremely high levels of fitness。
全新版大学英语第三册快速阅读电子书
Why I Love the CityA lot of my friends are moving out of the city. They 're buying houses in the suburbs because they want to get away from the noise, smog, traffic, and crime of the city. One friend says, "There's too much air pollution in the city. I prefer the suburbs, where the air is clean." Another friend complains about the traffic: "There are too many cars downtown! You can't find a parking place, and the traffic jams are terrible." Everyone complains about crime: "The city is full of criminals. I rarely leave my house at night—it's too dangerous."Before my friends move out of the city, they usually recite the advantages of suburban life: green grass, flowers, swimming pools, barbecues, and so on. Yet after my friends have lived there for a year or so, they realize that suburban life is not so pleasant as they were expecting. What causes this change? Their gardens! They soon learn that one unavoidable part of suburban life is yardwork. After they work all weekend in their gardens, they 're much too tired to take a swim in their pools or even to cook some meat on their barbecues. And they have another complaint: they can't live in the suburbs without a car. Most of my friends moved to the suburbs to avoid traffic, but now they have to commute to work downtown. They sit on a busy freeway two hours every day!My opinions about urban life are very different from my friends'—I live downtown? and I love it! Why? Well, first, I love nature—flowers, green grass, trees, and animals. In the city, I have all the advantages of nature: I can walk through the public park, smell the flowers, and sit on the grass under the trees. I can visit the animals in the zoo. Yet I have none of the disadvantages: I don't have to do yardwork or feed the animals. Also, in the city, I can get everywhere by bus? if there's a traffic jam, I can walk home.It seems that everyone is moving to the suburbs to avoid the crime of the big cities. I have a theory about urban crime, however, so I feel safe downtown. The criminal life will reflect changes in society: if people are buying homes in the suburbs, the criminals will soon follow. Criminals want to avoid noise, smog, and pollution, too. Soon, overcrowding and crime will be problems of the suburbs instead of the city!People on the MoveThe history of the American people is, in part, the history of the movement of the American people. They moved from the colonies of the East Coast to the open spaces of the West. They moved from the country and the farm to the city. More recently, Americans have been moving from the cities to the suburbs.Open Space; The Move WestPioneer Americans began moving from the East Coast to the West 250 years ago. They moved west for many reasons. One reason was the availability of unlimited open space and land for farming. Americans liked large open spaces, and they also liked the freedom andindependence to develop the land in their own way. Some of the land became farms. Important minerals were discovered in some areas, so some of the land became mines. Other large areas became cattle ranches. There seemed to be enough land for everybody. But it was a difficult life—a life of endless work and hardship.The CitiesAfter 1860, the Industrial Revolution changed the United States. Americans learned how to manufacture steel. They began to produce petroleum. The automobile was invented. Factories of all kinds began to appear, and cities began to grow up around the factories. Farmers and other country people moved to the growing cities in order to find jobs and an easier life. In the early 1900s, the cities were busy, exciting places. However, there was also a lot of poverty and hardship.The cities grew up—the buildings got taller—and the cities grew out—they spread out from the center. Private houses with yards and porches disappeared. Apartment buildings, each one taller than the next, took their place. More and more people moved to the cities, and the cities got bigger and bigger.Some cities could not spread out because there was no room to do so. These cities, of which New York is the best example, became more and more crowded. More people meant more cars, trucks, and buses, more noise, more pollution, and more crime. Many cities became ugly and dirty. Some people and some businesses began to leave the cities and move to the suburbs outside the cities.The SuburbsThe move to the suburbs is still happening. Americans are looking for a small piece of land that they can call their own. They want a house with a yard. However, they do not want to give up the good jobs they have in the city. In many cases, companies in the suburbs give them jobs. In other cases, Americans tend to commute to and from the cities where their jobs are. In recent years, more and more businesses are moving to the suburbs. They are attracting many people and the suburbs are becoming crowded.What Next?Americans have watched their big cities fall slowly into disrepair and die. Many middle-class people have left the cities, and only the very rich and the very poor are staying behind.Concerned Americans are trying to solve the problems of noise, dirt, crime, and pollution in the big cities. They are trying to rebuild bad sections of the cities in order to attract and keep business people. They are trying to make their cities beautiful. Now many Americans are thinking of moving back to the cities.Other Americans are finding that even the suburbs have become too crowded. They are looking for unpolluted open spaces and for an independent way of life. They are ready to move from the suburbs to the country.Perhaps Americans will always be on the move.Caution: Bumpy Road AheadStudents graduating from colleges today are not fully prepared to deal with the "real world." It is my belief that college students need to be taught more skills and information to enable them to meet the challenges that face everyone in daily life. The areas in which students need training are playing the credit game, planning their personal financial strategy, and consumer awareness.Learning how to obtain and use credit is probably the most valuable knowledge a young person can have. Credit is a dangerous tool that can be of tremendous help if it is handled with caution. Having credit can enable people to obtain material necessities before they have the money to purchase them outright. But unfortunately, many, many young people get carried away with their handy plastic credit cards and awake one day to find they are in serious financial debt. Learning how to use credit properly can be a very difficult and painful lesson indeed.Of equal importance is learning how to plan a personal budget. People have to know how to control money; otherwise, it can control them. Students should leave college knowing how to allocate their money for living expenses, insurance, savings, and so forth in order to avoid the "Oh, no! I 'm flat broke and I don't get paid again for two weeks!" anxiety syndrome.Along with learning about credit and personal financial planning, graduating college students should be trained as consumers. The consumer market today is flooded with a variety of products and services of varying quality and prices. A young person entering the "real world" is suddenly faced with difficult decisions about which product to buy or whose services to engage. He is usually unaware of such things as return policies, guarantees, or repair procedures. Information of this sort is vital knowledge to everyday living.For a newly graduated college student, the "real world" can be a scary place to be when he or she is faced with such issues as handling credit, planning a budget, or knowing what to look for when making a purchase and whom to purchase it from. Entering this "real world" could be made less painful if persons were educated in dealing with these areas of daily life. What better place to accomplish this than in college?Memory Lane Isn't What It Used to BeAbout this time every year, I get very nostalgic. Walking through my neighborhood on a fall afternoon reminds me of a time not too long ago when sounds of children filled the air, children playing games on a hill, and throwing leaves around in the street below, I was one of those children, carefree and happy. I live on a street that is only one block long. I have lived on the same street for sixteen years. I love my street. One side has six houses on it, and the other has only two houses, with a small hill in the middle and a huge cottonwood tree on one end. When I think of home, I think of my street, only I see it as it was before. Unfortunately, things change. One day, not long ago, I looked around and saw how different everything has become. Life on my street will never be the same because neighbors are quickly growing old, friends aregrowing up and leaving, and the city is planning to destroy my precious hill and sell the property to contractors.It is hard for me to accept that many of my wonderful neighbors are growing old and won't be around much longer. I have fond memories of the couple across the street, who sat together on their porch swing almost every evening, the widow next door who yelled at my brother and me for being too loud, and the crazy old man in a black suit who drove an old car. In contrast to those people, the people I see today are very old neighbors who have seen better days. The man in the black suit says he wants to die, and another neighbor just sold his house and moved into a nursing home. The lady who used to yell at us is too tired to bother anymore, and the couple across the street rarely go out to their front porch these days. It is difficult to watch these precious people as they near the end of their lives because at one time I thought they would live forever.The "comings and goings" of the younger generation of my street are now mostly "goings" as friends and peers move on. Once upon a time, my life and the lives of my peers revolved around home. The boundary of our world was the gutter at the end of the street. We got pleasure from playing night games, or from a breathtaking ride on a tricycle. Things are different now, as my friends become adults and move on. Children who rode tricycles now drive cars. The kids who once played with me now have new interests and values as they go their separate ways. Some have gone away to college, a few got married, two went into the army, and one went to prison. Watching all these people grow up and go away only makes me long for the good old days.Perhaps the biggest change on my street is the fact that the city is going to turn my precious hill into several lots for new homes. For sixteen years, the view out of my kitchen window has been a view of that hill. The hill was a fundamental part of my childhood life; it was the hub of social activity for the children of my street. We spent hours there building forts, sledding, and playing tag. The view out of my kitchen window now is very different; it is one of tractors and dump trucks tearing up the hill. When the hill goes, the neighborhood will not be the same. It is a piece of my childhood. It is a visual reminder of being a kid. Without the hill, my street will be just another pea in the pod.There was a time when my street was my world, and I thought my world would never change. But something happened. People grow up, and people grow old. Places change, and with the change comes the heartache of knowing I can never go back to the times I loved. In a year or so, I will be gone just like many of my neighbors. I will always look back to my years as a child, but the place I remember will not be the silent street whose peace is interrupted by the sounds of construction. It will be the happy, noisy, somewhat strange, but wonderful street I knew as a child.Unit 2Rosa Parks—A Hero of Civil RightsMost historians say that the beginning of the modern civil rights movement in the United States was December 1, 1955. That was the day when an unknown seamstress in Montgomery, Alabama refused to give up her bus seat to a white passenger. This brave woman, Rosa Parks, was arrested and fined for violating a city law. However, her act of defiance began a movement that ended the laws that racially segregated America. Because of this, she also became an inspiration to freedom-loving people everywhere.Rosa Parks was born on February 4, 1913 in Tuskegee, Alabama. Her parents, James McCauley, a carpenter, and Leona McCauley, a teacher, named her Rosa Louise McCauley. When she was two, she moved to her grandparents' farm in Alabama with her mother and younger brother, Sylvester. At the age of 11, she became a student at the Montgomery Industrial School for Girls, a private school. The school believed that self-esteem was the key to success. This was consistent with Rosa 's mother 's advice to "take advantage of the opportunities, no matter how few they were."And the opportunities were few indeed. Mrs. Parks said in an interview: Back then, we didn't have any civil rights. It was just a matter of survival, of existing from one day to the next.I remember going to sleep as a girl hearing the Klan ride at night and hearing a lynching and being afraid the house would burn down.In the same interview, she explained that she felt fearless, because she had always been faced with fear. This fearlessness gave her the courage to fight her conviction during the bus boycott. "I didn't have any special fear," she said. "It was more of a relief to know that I wasn't alone."After attending Alabama State Teachers College, Rosa settled in Montgomery, with her husband, Raymond Parks. The couple joined the local chapter of the NAACP and worked for many years to improve the conditions of African-Americans in the segregated South.The bus incident led to the formation of the Montgomery Improvement Association. The Association 's leader was a young pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church named Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. They called for a boycott of the city-owned bus company. The boycott lasted 382 days and brought recognition to Mrs. Parks, Dr. King, and their cause. A Supreme Court decision struck down the Montgomery law under which Mrs. Parks had been fined, and outlawed racial segregation on public transportation.After her husband died, Mrs. Parks founded the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute for Self-Development. The Institute sponsors an annual summer program for teenagers called Pathways to Freedom. The young people tour the country in buses learning the history of their country and of the civil rights movement.Best of Friends, Worlds ApartHavana, sometime before 1994: As dusk descends on the quaint seaside village of Guanabo, two young men kick a soccer ball back and forth and back and forth across the sand. The tall one, Joel Ruiz, is black. The short, muscular one, Achmed Valdes, is white.They are the best of friends.Miami, January 2000: Mr. Valdes is playing soccer, as he does every Saturday, with a group of light-skinned Latinos in a park near his apartment. Mr. Ruiz surprises him with a visit, and Mr. Valdes, flushed and sweating, runs to greet him. They shake hands warmly.But when Mr. Valdes darts back to the game, Mr. Ruiz stands off to the side, arms crossed, looking on as his childhood friend plays the game that was once their shared joy. Mr. Ruiz no longer plays soccer. He prefers basketball with black Latinos and African-Americans from his neighborhood.The two men live only four miles apart, not even 15 minutes by car. Yet they are separated by a far greater distance, one they say they never imagined back in Cuba.In ways that are obvious to the black man but far less so to the white one, they have grown apart in the United States because of race. For the first time, they inhabit a place where the color of their skin defines the outlines of their lives—where they live, the friends they make, how they speak, what they wear, even what they eat."It's like I am here and he is over there," Mr. Ruiz said, "And we can't cross over to the other 's world."It is not that, growing up in Cuba 's mix of black and white, they were unaware of their difference in color. Fidel Castro may have officially put an end to racism in Cuba, but that does not mean racism has simply gone away. Still, color was not what defined them. Nationality, they had been taught, meant far more than race. They felt, above all, Cuban.Here in America, Mr. Ruiz still feels Cuban. But above all he feels black. His world is a black world, and to live there is to be constantly conscious of race. He works in a black-owned bar, dates black women, goes to an African-American barber. White barbers, he says, "don't understand black hair." He generally avoids white neighborhoods, and when his world and the white world meet, he feels always watched, and he is always watchful.For Joel Ruiz, there is little time for relaxation. On this night, he works as a cashier at his uncle 's bar in a black Miami neighborhood.Mr. Valdes, who is 29, a year younger than his childhood friend, is simply, comfortably Cuban, an upwardly mobile citizen of the Miami mainstream. He lives in an all-white neighborhood, hangs out with white Cuban friends and goes to black neighborhoods only when his job, as a deliveryman for Restonic mattresses, forces him to. When he thinks about race, which is not very often, it is in terms learned from other white Cubans: American blacks, he now believes, are to be avoided because they are dangerous and resentful of whites. The only blacks he trusts, he says, are those he knows from Cuba.Since leaving Havana in separate boats in 1994, the two friends have seen each other just a handful of times in Miami—at a funeral, a baby shower, a birthday party and that soccergame, a meeting arranged for a newspaper photographer. They have visited each other 's homes only once.They say they remain as good friends as ever, yet they both know there is little that binds them anymore but their memories. Had they not become best friends in another country, in another time, they would not be friends at all today.Coming to an Awareness of LanguageIt was because of my letters (which Malcolm X wrote to people outside while he was in jail) that I happened to stumble upon starting to acquire some kind of a homemade education.I became increasingly frustrated at not being able to express what I wanted to convey in letters that I wrote ... And every book I picked up had few sentences which didn't contain anywhere from one to nearly all the words that might as well have been in Chinese. When I skipped those words, of course, I really ended up with little idea of what the book said ...I saw that the best thing I could do was get hold of a dictionary—to study, to learn some words. I requested a dictionary along with some notebooks and pencils from the Norfolk Prison Colony school.I spent two days just turning uncertainly the pages of a dictionary. I 'd never realized so many words existed! I didn't know which words I needed to learn. Finally, just to start some kind of action, I began copying.In my slow, painstaking, ragged handwriting, I copied into my notebook everything printed on that first page, down to the punctuation marks. I believe it took me a day. Then, aloud, I read back to myself everything I 'd written in the notebook. Over and over, aloud, to myself, I read my own handwriting. I woke up the next morning, thinking about those words—immensely proud to realize that not only had I written so much at one time, but I 'd written words that I never knew were in the world. Moreover, with a little effort, I also could remember what many of these words meant. I reviewed the words whose meanings I didn't remember. Funny thing, from the dictionary 's first page right now, that aardvark springs to my mind. The dictionary had a picture of it, a long-tailed, long-eared, burrowing African mammal, which lives off termites caught by sticking out its tongue as an anteater does for ants.I was so fascinated that I went on—I copied the dictionary 's next page. And the same experience came when I studied that. With every succeeding page, I also learned of people and places and events from history. Actually, the dictionary is like a miniature encyclopedia. Finally, the dictionary 's A section had filled a whole notebook—and I went on into the B 's. That was the way I started copying what eventually became the entire dictionary. It went a lot faster after so much practice helped me to pick up handwriting speed.I suppose it was inevitable that as my word-base broadened, I could for the first time pick up a book and read and now begin to understand what the book was saying. Anyone who has read a great deal can imagine the new world that opened. Let me tell you something: from then until I left the prison, in every free moment I had, if I was not reading in the library, I wasreading on my bunk. You couldn't have gotten me out of books with a wedge. Months passed without my even thinking about being imprisoned. In fact, up to then, I never had been so truly free in my life.She Wanted to TeachA railroad was being built all the way down the east coast off Florida, from Jacksonville to Miami and Negro workers were employed because they were cheap. A great many of them were in Daytona. Most of them had children. They were living in shacks worse than those in The Terry in Augusta. The children were running wild in the streets. Mary Bethune seemed to hear a voice say, "What is the place? Build your school there."Her husband, Albertus, wasn't so sure about her school. He thought Palatka was a pretty good place for them to live. Mary listened but she never gave up her idea. She knew that if she went to Daytona, Albertus would come too.One day she begged a ride for herself and her little boy with a family that was going to Daytona. It was only seventy miles away. But in 1904 the sand was deep on Florida roads. Practically no one had an automobile—certainly not the poor family that gave Mary and little Albert a ride. So it was three dusty days after they left Palatka before they reached Daytona. There Mary hunted up the only person she knew, and she and little Albert stayed with this friend for a few days.As she had done in The Terry in Augusta, Mary walked up and down the poor streets of Daytona. She was looking for two things—a building for the school she was determined to start and some pupils for that school.After a day or two, she found an empty shack on Oak Street. She thought this would do. The owner said she could rent it for $ 11.00 a month. But it wasn't worth that much. The paint had peeled off, the front steps wobbled so that she had to hang onto the shaky railing to keep from falling, the house was dirty, it had a leaky roof. In most of the windows the panes of glass were broken or cracked.Eleven dollars a month! Mary said she only had $ 1.50. She promised to pay the rent as soon as she could earn the money. The owner trusted her. By the time she was sure she could have the building, she had five little girls from the neighborhood as her pupils.What a school! A rickety old house and five little girls! The little girls pitched in and cleaned the house. The neighbors helped with scrubbing brushes, brooms, hammers, nails, and saws. Soon the cottage could be lived in, but there were no chairs, no tables, no beds. There was no stove. However, there were no pots and pans to cook in, even if there had been a stove.Mary set about changing these things. She found things in trash piles and the city dump. Nobody but Mary would have thought of making tables and chairs and desks from the old crates she picked up and brought home. Behind the hotels on the beach she found cracked dishes, old lamps, even some old clothes. She took them home too. Everything was scoured and mendedand used. "Keep things clean and neat" was her motto then; and as long as she lived the pupils in her school had to live up to that motto.Her little pupils had no pencils. They wrote with pieces of charcoal made from burned logs. Their ink was elderberry juice. What good was ink or a pencil if there was no paper to write on? Mary took care of that too.Every time she went to the store to get a little food, or a few pots and pans, she had each article wrapped separately. The pieces of wrapping paper were carefully removed and smoothed out. The little girls used this paper to write their lessons with their charcoal pencils.She needed a cookstove very badly but she couldn't pay for one. What should she do? Her little pupils had to have warm food.Unexpectedly, the problem was solved for her. One day a wrinkled old white neighbor said to her, "Can you read?"Mary said, "Yes.""Then will you read me this letter from my son? I can't find my glasses."Mary read the letter to her."Thanks," said the mother.Mary turned to go. "You 're welcome."The old woman stood by her open door and thought a moment. Then she said, "I got an old cookstove and I don't need it. Would you want it?"Unit 3Black Box Tells Its SecretsThe "black box" in an aircraft is actually orange in color with two white stripes painted on its surface."It is like a shock-proof, heat-proof tape recorder," says Mr. Hellyer, Cathay Airlines technical services superintendent of aircraft electronics. "About half the size of a home video recorder, it is bright orange in color so that, in the event of a crash, it can be more easily found. Inside its one-centimeter-thick steel case is a layer of waxy insulating material, three centimeters thick, for extra fire-resistance and to reduce the shock of impact. Inside this is the motor, electronics and 160 meters of magnetic tape which records about 50 aspects of the aircraft 's operation over the previous 25 hours."It weighs 10 kilograms and can withstand heat of 1200 ° C over half its surface area for 30 minutes as well as the weight of very heavy, sharpened spikes being dropped on it. It is almost indestructible. However, in the case of the EL AL aircraft which crashed into a tower block in Amsterdam only minutes after take-off, the device was so badly damaged by theresulting fire and explosion of the plane 's full petrol tanks that the tape could not be played back."The black box is also fitted with an underwater beacon which gives off ultrasonic signals when an aircraft crashes into the sea and this signal helps in the search for the location of the crash. In 1974 a TWA Boeing 707 exploded in mid-air above the Ionian Sea near Greece. When the wreckage was eventually found a month later, the black box was found lying on the ocean bed 3km below the sea surface, still signaling," he continued.The black box was made compulsory for all aircraft in the late 1950's and is located near the tail of the airplane. It is the safest area as the tail is usually found to be the least damaged after a crash. Next to it is another armored box, the cockpit voice recorder which records everything picked up by a microphone in the cockpit on a tape loop 30 minutes long. The two boxes look very similar and sometimes even rescuers mistake one for the other.At the front is another unit, not designed to withstand a crash. Called the brains of the system, this flight data acquisition unit collects data from all over the aircraft and compresses it into a single stream of digital data to be sent to the crash-proof recorder.After a crash and when the black box is found, the accident investigators play the tape and present their evidence. "The pilot could have been careless or the manufacturer could have been at fault or a bomb could have been placed on board," says Mr. Hellyer. "Whatever the cause, the black box can point the finger of blame.""Apart from that, the box is also used on a day-to-day basis to help locate any problems in maintenance, check each engine 's performance and in other ways. This data will ensure even more safety for passengers and crew," Mr. Hellyer concluded.Don't Fly with MeIn recent years a new and serious problem has arisen for international airlines and their passengers. This is the relatively new crime of hijacking. Once an unheard-of event, it has now become a common occurrence. The number of hijacks is increasing and the governments of the world are becoming more concerned about them.Who are these hijackers? The first ones (about 20 years ago) were usually political refugees—individuals who simply wanted to leave their country and fly to another. For instance Cubans in America used the hijack technique to get themselves back to Cuba. After the plane had taken off, the hijacker would force his way into the pilot 's cockpit and threaten him with a gun. This technique was often successful, because there is very little the pilot can do in these circumstances. If he refuses to do what the hijacker wants then there is a strong chance that the plane will crash and everyone on board will be killed.However, more recently, there have been serious developments in hijackers. Present-day hijackers usually have other motives for taking over a plane. They do not want simply to fly to another destination; they want to use the aircraft and the passengers on board as bargaining points for their political beliefs. They tell the world governments that unless their。
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Unit 1textA-1Why I Love the City因为他们想要远离城市的喧嚣、烟,我的许多朋友都离开了这座城市。
它们是在郊区买房子那里的空气,雾、交通、和犯罪的城市。
一个朋友说,“有太多的空气污染的城市。
我更喜欢郊区交通堵塞,“有太多的汽车市区!你不能找到一个停车的地方是那么清新。
“另一个朋友抱怨交通:的幻影却”:“城市有许多罪犯。
我很少离开我的房子的情况都很可怕。
“每个人都在抱怨关于犯罪如太危险了。
然而在烤肉等等。
绿草、花卉、游泳池、他们通常会背诵优势郊区生活在我朋友搬离城市,:这因为他们期待。
,他们意识到郊区生活就不那么愉快,我的朋友们在那里住了一年左右的时间里郊区生活。
,一个不可避免的一部分yardwork!种变化的原因是什么?他们的花园他们很快了解到又要取他们的水池游泳甚至做一些,它们是非常累的一把,他们整个周末都在工作在他们的花园他们不能住在郊区没有一辆车。
我的大多数朋友都搬到郊肉放在他们的烤肉。
又有另一个投诉: ,但现在他们不得不上班市中心。
他们坐在一个繁忙的公路每天两个小时避开塞车区,,嗯,首先我的意见是非常不同的城市生活,从我朋友的我住在市区吗?和我爱它! ! !为什么?我可以步行通我有一切优势自然:我喜欢nature-flowers、绿草、树木和动物。
在这个城市里,动物园里的动物。
然而到目前为止我还坐在草地上在树下。
我可以参观,过公共公园,闻闻花香,?到处都可以让我乘公共汽车吗:我不需要做yardwork或喂动物。
同时,在这个城市,没有一个缺点我可以走回去。
如果有交通堵塞,所以我觉得,似乎每个人都搬到郊区,避免罪恶的大城市。
我有一个理论的城市犯罪的,然而罪犯罪犯将步其后尘。
安全的市中心。
罪犯将反映在社会生活的变化:如果人们买了房子在郊区,!,想避免噪音、烟雾、污染了。
不久而不是城市郊区过于拥挤和犯罪的问题,testA-2People on the Move他们移到东海岸的殖民地到开放空间的历史运动的美国人民。