高考英语二轮科普知识阅读理解解析答案_2

2016浙江高考英语二轮科普知识阅读理解（3）解析答案科普知识（阅读理解）由(2012四川,E)改编Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted (预测)in reaction to climate change,which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems.Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world,changing some living patterns,scientists say.Increased carbon dioxide(CO2) in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen,while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.“Predicting species’reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology,”said the researchers of several U.S.universities.They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.The study,published on the Nature website,uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1,634 species.It found that some experiments had underestimated (低估) the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.“Across all species,the experiments under-predicted the speed of the advance—for both leafing and flowering—that results from temperature increases,”the study said.The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change,it said.Plants are necessary for life on the Earth.They are the base of the food chain,using photosynthesis (光合作用)to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water.They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.Scientists believe the world’s average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃since 1900,and nearly 0.2℃ every ten years since 1979.So far,efforts to cut emissions (排放) of planet-warming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent the Earth heating up beyond 2℃ this century—a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common,leading to drought,floods,crop failures and rising sea levels.1.What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1?()A.Plants’ reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystems.B.The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists’expectation.C.Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns.D.Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.2.We can learn from the study published on the Nature website that .A.plants’ flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafingB.there are 1,634 plant species on the four continentsC.scientists should improve the design of the experimentsD.the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change3.Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because .A.they can prove the climate change clearlyB.they are very important in the food chainsC.they play a leading role in reducing global warmingD.they are growing and flowering much faster than before4.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the world’s temperature?()A.It has risen nearly 0.2℃ since 1979.B.Its change will lead to weather extremes.C.It is 0.8℃ higher in 1979 than that of 1900.D.It needs to be controlled within 2℃ in this century.语篇解读:本文为说明文,题材为科普知识类。

温室效应已经影响了植物的生长类型,由于植物在食物链和生态系统中有着重要影响,科学家们正致力于研究其生长变化。

答案及剖析:1.B主旨大意题。

根据第一段Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted(预测)in reaction to climate change...可知本题应选择B项。

2.C事实细节题。

根据文章第五段最后一句话It found that some experiments had underestimated(低估)the speed of flowering...以及第七段The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict...可知本题应选择C项。

3.B事实细节题。

文章第四段最后一句They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains...由此可知本题选择B 项。

4.D推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段...beyond 2℃this century-a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate...leading to drought,floods...可知必须将上升温度控制在2℃以内才可能不会出现危险状况,故选择D项。

【长难句子分析】—到目前为止,为减少导致全球变暖的温室气体排放的努力还不足以阻止地球在本世纪气温上升不超出2℃——科学家认为这个数据会带来气候变化的危险,在这样的气候变化中,极端天气会经常发生,会导致干旱、洪涝、庄稼歉收和海平面上升。

.阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

【2014·山东省潍坊市五校联合高三下学期期中考试】At times my mom has been uncomfortable seeing these qualities in me.For example，when I was 12，I went to Puerto Rico all by myself to stay with my grandmother for the summer.My mom was extremely nervous about it.She kept telling me how things were different in Puerto Rico，to always put on sunscreen，not to wander away from my grandmother，and other warnings.She helped me pack and did not leave the airport until she saw my plane take off.But despite her worries，she let me go on my own.As I moved into my teens，she continued to give me space to grow and learn，even when it might have been difficult for her.When I reached my senior year，I decided to move away for college.Once again I found that I differed from my peers：While many of them wanted to stay close to home，I couldn’t wait to be out in the world on my own.While my mom may not have been happy at the thought of my going away，she was supportive and excited for me.One big thing I realized during my senior year，as my mom granted me more freedom，was that she actually believes in me and trusts me.That means a lot.Most of my life，and especially when I was little，the main person I tried to impress in my schoolwork or other things was my mother.I knew sheexpected nothing but the best from me.Sometimes it was hard to live up to her standards；getting a single B on my report card would make me feel bad because I knew she wanted me to have all A’s.I know that her high standards have helped me stay focused on what’s important，like education，and made me who I am.I am thankful for her support and involvement in my life.Most of all I respect her.She is the strongest woman I know and that’s why I hav e turned out so strong and independent. 1．When the author decided to go to Puerto Rico，his mother________.A．wanted to go with himB．worried about his safetyC．didn’t allow him to do soD．asked his grandmother for advice2．The author decided to move away for college to________.A．be different from his peersB．keep away from his motherC．be independent in the outside worldD．make his mother unhappy3．We can learn from the third paragraph that the author’s mother________.A．had a high expectation of himB．was too strict with himC．used to expect nothing from himD．cared little about his learning4．We can learn from the last paragraph that the author________.A．is quite grateful for his mother’s trustB．still doesn’t quite understand his mother’s attitudeC．d oesn’t like his mother’s involvement in his lifeD．wishes to have more freedom from his mother5．In the passage，the author mainly wants to tell us________.A．his long way to becoming independentB．his good relationship with his motherC．the importance of a mother’s trust and supportD．his mother’s deep love for him语篇解读作者做每一次决定时，母亲都会给予信任和支持，使作者最终变得强大、独立。