[推荐学习]2019高考英语一轮复习练习题 Unit 4 Astronomy the science
2019版高考英语一轮基础达标选题 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars(含解析)
Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars李仕才一、阅读理解。
The effects of coffee consumption on health have long been a subject of conflict and uncertainty. Since the 1980s, some have spoken out against coffee as it’s harmful to health, while others have welcomed coffee for its supposed benefits to health.According to a scientific report, mild coffee consumption, three to five cups per day, can be taken as a healthy dietary pattern, along with other healthful behavior. The report also says that coffee consumption helps reduce the risk of heart disease and it protects against Parkinson’s disease.According to Dr. Donald Hensrud of Mayo Clinic, high consumption of coffee has health risks. Dr. Hensrud mentions the dangers of high coffee consumption for people with a certain illness that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body. Some studies said that drinking two or more cups of coffee daily can actually increase the risk of heart disease in these people.According to conclusions from a recent study led by Dr. Gregory Marcus, a doctor from the University of California, San Francisco, daily moderate consumption of caffeine, less than 4 cups, is not associated with these issues.Until the scientific community reaches a general agreement on the effects of coffee consumption on human health, it will be up to the individual to decide whether the benefits of drinking coffee are greater than the risks.When informed of these possible health benefits and harm of drinking coffee, Harwood, a high school student stated, “Even though there might be some negative effects of drinking coffee, for the most part, coffee drinking sounds good for health. Not to mention I need coffee to stay awake.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。
人教版2019高考英语一轮复习练习题Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars含解析必修3
Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars【阅读理解插花】The more hours young children spend in child care, the more likely they are to turn out aggressive and disobedient by the time they are in kindergarten, according to the largest study of child care and development ever conducted. Researchers said this correlation(相关性) held true regardless of whether the children came from rich or poor homes, were looked after by a relative or at a center, and whether they were girls or boys.What is uncertain, however, is whether the child care actually causes the problem or whether children likely to turn out aggressive happen to be those who spend more hours in child care. It also remains unclear whether reducing the amount of time in child care will reduce the risk that a child will turn into a mean person. What’s more, quality child care is associated with increased skills in intellectual ability such as language and memory, leading some academics to suggest that child care turns out children who are “smart and naughty”.The government-sponsored research, which has tracked more than 1, 300 children at 10 sites across the country since 1991, is bound to cause the debate over child care again: How should people balance work and family? And how should parents, especially mothers, resolve the demands that are placed on them to be both breadwinners and supermoms?That debate was already on display at a new briefing yesterday, where researchers themselves had different opinions about the data and its implications(含义). “There is a constant relationship between time in child care and problem behavior, especially those involving aggression, ” said Jay Belsky of Birkbeck College in London, one of the lead investigators of the study who has previously annoyed women’s groups because of his criticisms of child care. “On behalf of fathers or mothers? ”interrupted Sarah Friedman, a developmentalpsychologist at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and one of the other lead scientists on the study. “On behalf of parents and families, ” responded Belsky.“NICHD is not willing to get into policy recommendations, ”said Friedman, contradicting her colleague. “There are other possibilities that can be entertained. Yes it is a quick solution—more hours in child care is associated with more problems. The easy solution is to cut the number of hours but that may have implications for the family that may not be beneficial for the development of the children in terms of economics. ” In an interview after the briefing, Friedman said that asking parents to work fewer hours and spend more time with their children usually meant a loss of family income, which adversely(不利地)affects children.Scientists said that the study was highly reliable. But the researchers said they had no idea whether the behavioral difficulties persisted as the children moved to higher grades.【文章大意】本文讲述儿童早期在托管所的成长对孩子的心理有负面影响。
【配套K12】(全国卷)2019届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Astronomy：the sci
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars Ⅰ.阅读理解AHow often have you read a story that a friend or family member has sent you？Very likely you would have skipped the news had it not been pointed out to you.Traditionally newspapers and famous TV channels have been our source of authentic news.But these days with the popularity of social media，sharing stories is increasingly becoming a favorite source of news.In fact，research suggests that more than half the people get their news today from social media such as Facebook，Twitter and Google.Social media sites often aggregate contents for us to see based on trending topics—stories that have been viewed by many others as well as based on our own past searches and analysis of our lik es and dislikes.If you have liked kittens in the past，you may have noticed that you are seeing more news，blogs and analysis about kittens all of a sudden.While advocates of free speech do not want to control any voice，it is certainly harmful when it is difficult to separate truth from fiction.Imagine the influence of fake(虚假的) news when it begins to affect our own lives.Trus ting a piece of news，patients could very easily fall for wrong diagnosis; elders could give money to cheats and reputation of perfectly upright citizens could be easily ruined.What about when we research for a school project and base our analysis on false information or news?Mark Zukerberg has finally acknowledged the issue.Among several projects that the company is considering，Facebook is trying to take powerful measures to crack down on false news.This would include warning labels on fake contents.Fake news also makes a lot of profits from advertising.Google and Facebook have said they will limit advertising profits on their network from such sites.The bottom line—don't believe every word of what you read.Do more research from multiple (多样的) sources to ensure that the news is indeed true before you share with others.[语篇解读] 本文为一篇说明文。
2019高考英语一轮达标Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars练题含解析
Unit4Astronomy the science of the stars一、阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
One of the main creators of the World Wide Web，Sir Tim BernersLee has warned that the fast growth of the Internet is also creating serious problems.He especially warns of false information being easily spread around the Internet，“A great danger is that it becomes a place where untruths start to spread more than truths，or it becomes a place which becomes increasingly unfair in some way.”In particular he mentions the phenomena of blogging.Blogging enables friends and contacts to easily spread information.However he argues that people may too easily trust information mentioned in a blog.This inaccurate information can then easily become an accepted truth on the Internet.He suggests that the most important development of the Internet will be in creating ways of allowing people to check the correctness of information by providing original sources.Sir Tim admits that this is an important challenge.It's interesting to note that Wikipedia(维基百科)has had to take steps to prevent false information from being added to the biographies of living people.It's easy for anybody to edit the open source.However，some people have pointed out that it has been used to spread false materials.In seeking to raise standards，Wikipedia has sought to stop the false materials.At the same time there is a growing view that the Internet has had a great effect on the way millions of people work.The last two years have seen a big growth in the use of the Internet.There appears no slowdown in the growth of the Internet with increasing access in the developing countries.Sir Tim says another major challenge will be to provide free Internet for everybody.Sir Tim has recently launched a new joint initiative(倡议)between the University of Southampton and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to create the first degree in Web science.The two schools hope to raise the standards of web content.1．What is the especially serious problem that Sir Tim refers to?A．The growth of the Internet is too fast.B．The Internet has a side effect on young children.C．The Internet companies compete against each other in an unfair way.D．The false information spreads rapidly on the Internet.2．What causes the biographies to have false information?A．The Internet users refuses other users to correct them.B．Wikipedia doesn't take any steps.C．Anybody can easily edit the biographies.D．Wikipedia attempts to publish false materials.3．According to the last paragraph，the purpose of the joint initiative is to________.A．provide free Internet access to the poor countriesB．improve the reliability of online contentC．create the first degree in science and technologyD．enlarge the use of the Internet4．We can infer from the text that________.A．Sir Tim has built two schools recentlyB．the Internet is harmful to the people's healthC．Sir Tim hopes everyone can use the Internet for freeD．the Internet develops slowly in the developing countries【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了互联网的快速发展所带来的一些问题。
2019高考英语一轮优练题Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars(含解
Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars李仕才(必修3 Unit 4)【短文语法填空】根据短文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Internet 1.has_grown(grow) rapidly in the last thirty years，2.but some experts are pessimistic about the future of the Internet.Now some hackers can get 3.into the computers of banks and governments while in the future even terrorists may “attack” the world’s computers，4.causing(cause) great damage.However，there are many people 5.who are optimistic about the future of the Internet. 6.What has convinced them is that people can do many things such as 7.buying(buy) books and finding out about holiday offers from the Internet.Here are some people’s predictions.There will be a huge 8.growth(grow) in shopping on the Internet and we will get 9.entertainment(entertain) from the Internet，so that television will disappear as well as the mail service.The use of computers with sounds and pictures will make you feel as if you are in a real situation and virtual 10.reality(real) will become a part of modern life.Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2016·兰州诊断)One of my first memories as a child in the 1950s was a discussion I had with my brother in our tiny bedroom in the family house in Bethlehem,Pennsylvania.We had heard in school about a planet called Pluto.It was the farthest,coldest,and darkest thing a child could imagine.We guessed how long it would take to die if we stood on the surface of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on.We tried to figure out how much colder Pluto was than the Antarctic,or than the coldest day we had ever experienced in Pennsylvania.Pluto,which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”(矮行星)in 2006,captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solarsystem.Pluto’s underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so attractive.Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts,old farm equipment and self-ground lenses.As an assistant at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff,Arizona,Tombaugh’s task was to search millions of stars for a moving point of light,a planet that the observatory’s founder thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune.On February 18,1930,Tombaugh found it.Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American,and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression’s dark encroachment (入侵).Pluto is much more than something that is not a planet.It’s a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own and that the sky isn’t the limit at all.We don’t know what kinds of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get there to look.1.Why did Pluto become famous in 2006 according to the passage?A.Because it disappeared in the sky.B.Because it lost its major planet status.C.Because it was discovered by an American.D.Because it was proved to be the coldest planet in the universe.2.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Pluto’s RomanceB.Pluto Was First Discovered by a BoyC.An American Scientist:Clyde TombaughD.The Days I Spent with My Brother in Pennsylvania3.What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?A.Clyde Tombaugh discovered the darkness in the Great Depression.B.Pluto was the only planet that was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh.C.Clyde Tombaugh’s telescopes used for searching stars were very simple.D.Clyde Tombaugh’s job was to build telescopes for Lowell Observatory.4.The underlined sentence in the last paragraph is most likely to mean .A.Pluto is no less than a planet in the solar systemB.Pluto is much more than a planet in the solar systemC.Pluto is more important than any other planet in the skyD.Pluto is not a planet in the solar system,but it is more than a planetBFollowing the crowd may not always be in a person's best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.That's true for both teens and adults.The finding inspired Joseph Allen，a psychologist at the University of Virginia，and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.So they followed 171 teens，starting when the kids were just 13.They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens' closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25,26 and 27.This time, the questions surveyed each person's overall health.When the researchers analyzed the data，they found a strong connection between a teen's behavior and adult health.Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults.Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health.Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults.The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family income and drug use were all examined.So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression.And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.Getting along with the crowd may have benefits，says Allen，but there are also drawbacks.Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work.And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior，such as smoking，drinking or using drugs.Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges.“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldn't lose heart for not finding this easy.”And，he adds，“Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”1．Where can you probably read this passage?A．Science fiction.B．Health column.C．Fashion magazine.D．Entertainment newspaper.2．We can learn from Allen's study that ________.A．many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships B．mental health issues have nothing to do with adult healthC．the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27D．the teens who couldn't express themselves grew up to be unhealthy3．According to what Allen said，we can know that ________.A．in order to do better at school，teens should not follow the crowdB．though it's challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure，they should not give upC．teens will engage in smoking，drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure D．parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends 4．What can be inferred from the passage?A．There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.B．Close friendships are the most important for people's health.C．Teen friendships may help teens become healthier adults.D．Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships.【解题导语】研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。
2019高考英语一轮复习Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars精练新人教版必修3
Unit 4[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Her puzzled (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didn't understand what I said.2．As is known to us，the Republic of China came into existence (exist) as an independent country in 1949.3．As we all know，a bad eating habit is harmful (harm) to one's health.4．Though injured seriously，he tried to cheer up，hoping to make his parents less worried.5．I can say that it is the most violent (violence) film that I have ever seen.6．My relationship with the actors is fundamental to my work as a director.7．As the old saying goes，it is easier to pull down than to build up.8．The old lady became seriously ill last week，and she has only existed on milk ever since.9．The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times bigger (big) than the present one.10．Sometimes he found it very hard to fall asleep at night，so he went to see the doctor.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)1．She has got into the bad habit of reading in the bed，which is harmful for her eyes. for→to2．The twin brothers stood under the tree，puzzling and saying nothing. puzzling→puzzled3．Even though he is a little boy，strange ideas always exists in his mind. exists→exist4．You'll succeed on time because you are always working hard. on→in5．The sun heats the earth，which makes possible for plants to grow. makes 后加itⅢ.佳句写作1．据说这个发电厂(the power plant)是以前的5倍大。
2019高考英语一轮基础达标练题Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars含解析新人教版必修3
Astronomy the science of the stars李仕才一、阅读理解。
On April 14th, 2010, my entire life changed in an instant. One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine. The next moment, metal, flesh and bones were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash. Another cyclist, biking carelessly, had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic.As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life, another disaster also occurred on April 14th, 2010. It cost the airline industry $ 1.7 billion. Ten million travelers were stuck for days. Economics all over the world were disturbed. This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull, one of Iceland’s many volcanoes.However, volcanoes are not all bad. In fact, they are necessary. They are responsible for the birth of new earth, and for the creation of rich soil. This eruption gave off 0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere daily. But cancelling 48% of the world’s flight travel saved about 2.8 million tons of CO2 from entering the atmosphere, temporarily decreasing our carbon footprint.Similarly, the accident had badly affected my emotion but it also allowed me to look more closely inside myself and discover things about myself I would never have realized. I learned how not to judge myself for my new limitations.In 1973, another Icelandic volcano, Eldfell, broke out. Icelanders decided to bomb it with cold water until it froze and chose a different path. After their plan worked, they used the geothermal(地热的) energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes. A good example of life bringing lemons, and making lemonade! One must move on from misfortunes，focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future.I ran from April 14th, 2010, to every kind of escape. Eventually I ended up in university for a newfound love in Earth sciences.【解题导语】作者把自己遭遇突发事件和火山爆发这种自然灾害进行类比，说明遭遇到不幸也有好处，面对现实情况要乐观积极。
2019年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the
Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the starsⅠ阅读理解Got big plans for Friday night? That’s OK, we don’t either.Guess we’ll all have to make do by watching the celestial(天空的) show that will take place that night.First, there will be a full moon. That’s always fun, but this one will be a little more special. It’s known as a “snow moon”. The name es from the fact that the heaviest snows usually fall during February, according to The Old Farmer’s Almanac.But if that’s not special enough, there’s also an eclipse(月食) that night. It’ll be a penumbral lunar eclipse, meaning it’s a partial eclipse that leaves sections of the moon darkened by the earth’s shadow. No, it won’t be as spectacular as those “blood moon” eclipses. It’ll be subtler. The level of darkness it reaches during the eclipse may or may not be apparent；it just depends on where you are when you view it.In North America, the eclipse begins at 5：34 p．m. ET and ends at 9：53 p．m. ET, according to the astronomy website EarthSky. The eclipse will be at its height around 7：44 p．m. ET.If that’s still not enough, let’s throw in a et(彗星) to the night’s festivities.et 45P (it has a much longer name, but we won’t burden you with it here) is visible as it flies by the earth. The et will get within 7.4 million miles of the planet as it makes its closest approach this weekend, according to Universe Today.et 45P will be most visible a couple of hours after the eclipse, so look to the skies again around 3 a．m. ET Saturday and find the greenishblue light with a tail.And don’t forget, a total bigtime solar eclipse will streak across the United States on August 21st.【解题导语】本文是说明文，介绍了星期五晚上将会发生的天文现象。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars李仕才【阅读理解插花】The more hours young children spend in child care, the more likely they are to turn out aggressive and disobedient by the time they are in kindergarten, according to the largest study of child care and development ever conducted. Researchers said this correlation(相关性) held true regardless of whether the children came from rich or poor homes, were looked after by a relative or at a center, and whether they were girls or boys.What is uncertain, however, is whether the child care actually causes the problem or whether children likely to turn out aggressive happen to be those who spend more hours in child care. It also remains unclear whether reducing the amount of time in child care will reduce the risk that a child will turn into a mean person. What’s more, quality child care is associated with increased skills in intellectual ability such as language and memory, leading some academics to suggest that child care turns out children who are “smart and naughty”.The government-sponsored research, which has tracked more than 1, 300 children at 10 sites across the country since 1991, is bound to cause the debate over child care again: How should people balance work and family? And how should parents, especially mothers, resolve the demands that are placed on them to be both breadwinners and supermoms?That debate was already on display at a new briefing yesterday, where researchers themselves had different opinions about the data and its implications(含义). “There is a constant relationship between time in child care and problem behavior, especially those involving aggression, ” said Jay Belsky of Birkbeck College in London, one of the lead investigators of the study who has previously annoyed women’s groups because of his criticisms of child care. “On behalf of fat hers or mothers? ” interrupted Sarah Friedman, a developmental psychologist at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and one of the other lead scientists on the study. “On behalf of parents and families, ” responded Belsky.“NICHD is not willing to get into policy recommendations, ” said Friedman, contradicting her colleague. “There are other possibilities that can be entertained. Yes it is a quick solution—more hours in child care is associated with more problems. The easy solution is to cut the number of hours but that may have implications for the family that may not be beneficial for the development of the children in terms of economics. ” In an interview after the briefing, Friedman said that asking parents to work fewer hours and spend more time with their children usually meant a loss of family income, which adversely(不利地)affects children.Scientists said that the study was highly reliable. But the researchers said they had no idea whether the behavioral difficulties persisted as the children moved to higher grades.【文章大意】本文讲述儿童早期在托管所的成长对孩子的心理有负面影响。
1. Children who spend more time in quality child care will ________.A. develop greater ability in languageB. be easy to manage and less naughtyC. possess great risk-taking spiritD. be greedy and mean to their classmates【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
根据文章第二段的“What’s more, quality child care is associated with increased skills. . . ”可知A项培养更强的语言能力表述正确。
2. What is still unknown about the children in kindergarten?A. Whether higher level of aggressiveness can be avoided with longer child care.B. Where longer child care equally affects children from different families.C. Whether aggressiveness is a direct result of longer child care.D. Whether longer child care improves intellectual ability in children.【解析】选C。
推理判断题。
根据第二段中的“What is uncertain, however, is whether the child care actually causes the problem or whether children likely to turn out aggressive happen to be those who spend more hours in child care. (不确定的是, 是否托管所真能导致这些问题, 以及是否可能有攻击性的孩子刚好是那些在托管所里待时间长的孩子。
)”可知, 答案C(攻击性是否是长时间待在托管所的直接结果。
)和上文表述一致, 故选C。
3. In the fifth paragraph the word “it” probably means “________”.A. NICHD is unwilling to give parents recommendationsB. NICHD is willing to give policy advice concerning child careC. the number of hours in child care should be reduced significantlyD. parents should discipline the behavior of their children more strictly【解析】选C。
词义猜测题。
根据上文Jay Belsky的观点“There is a constant relationship between time in child care and problem behavior, especially those involving aggression, ”(托管时间和问题行为有特定的联系, 特别是涉及攻击性方面)。