建筑工程专业英语试题四及答案
建筑工程专业英语
建筑工程专业词汇延伸率：percentage of elongation位移：displacement应力：stress应变：strain应力集中：concentration of stresses应力松弛：stress relaxation应力图：stress diagram应力应变曲线：stress-strain curve应力状态：state of stress钢丝：steel wire箍筋：hoop reinforcement箍筋间距：stirrup spacing加载：loading抗压强度：compressive strength抗弯强度：bending strength抗扭强度：torsional strength抗拉强度：tensile strength裂缝：crack屈服：yield屈服点：yield point屈服荷载：yield load屈服极限：limit of yielding屈服强度：yield strength屈服强度下限：lower limit of yield荷载：load横截面：cross section承载力：bearing capacity承重结构：bearing structure弹性模量：elastic modulus预应力钢筋混凝土：prestressed reinforced concrete预应力钢筋：prestressed reinforcement预应力损失：loss of prestress预制板：precast slab现浇钢筋混凝土结构：cast-in-place reinforced concrete 双向配筋：two-way reinforcement主梁：main beam次梁：secondary beam弯矩：moment悬臂梁：cantilever beam延性：ductileity受弯构件：member in bending受拉区：tensile region受压区：compressive region塑性：plasticity轴向压力：axial pressure轴向拉力：axial tension吊车梁：crane beam可靠性：reliability粘结力：cohesive force外力：external force弯起钢筋：bent-up bar弯曲破坏：bending failure屋架：roof truss素混凝土：non-reinforced concrete 无梁楼盖：flat slab配筋率：reinforcement ratio配箍率：stirrup ratio泊松比：Poisson’s ratio偏心受拉：eccentric tension偏心受压：eccentric compression 偏心距：eccentric distance疲劳强度：fatigue strength偏心荷载：eccentric load跨度：span跨高比：span-to-depth ratio跨中荷载：midspan load框架结构：frame structure集中荷载：concentrated load分布荷载：distribution load分布钢筋：distribution steel挠度：deflection设计荷载：design load设计强度：design strength构造：construction简支梁：simple beam截面面积：area of section浇注：pouring浇注混凝土：concreting钢筋搭接：bar splicing刚架：rigid frame脆性：brittleness脆性破坏：brittle failure20。
建筑专业英语试题及答案
建筑专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "foundation" refers to:A. The lowest part of a buildingB. The base upon which a structure restsC. The top of a columnD. The roof of a building2. What is the purpose of "reinforced concrete"?A. To provide insulationB. To increase the strength and durability of concreteC. To make the concrete lighterD. To improve the aesthetic appearance of concrete3. "Architectural design" involves:A. The planning and creation of buildingsB. The construction of roadsC. The installation of electrical systemsD. The landscaping of gardens4. The term "load-bearing wall" is used to describe:A. A wall that supports the weight of the buildingB. A wall that is purely decorativeC. A wall that is made of glassD. A wall that separates two rooms5. What does "sustainable architecture" mean?A. Architecture that is built to last for many yearsB. Architecture that uses environmentally friendly materials and practicesC. Architecture that is built to be easily demolishedD. Architecture that is built to be aesthetically pleasing6. The "pitch" of a roof refers to:A. The height of the roofB. The angle at which the roof slopesC. The material used for the roofD. The width of the roof7. "Structural engineer" is a professional who:A. Designs the interior of buildingsB. Ensures that buildings are built to withstand forces such as gravity and windC. Creates the electrical plans for buildingsD. Oversees the construction of buildings8. "Green building" is a term used to describe:A. Buildings that are painted greenB. Buildings that are built in a forestC. Buildings that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficientD. Buildings that are made from recycled materials9. The "thermal envelope" of a building:A. Refers to the building's insulationB. Is the outer shell of the buildingC. Is the heating and cooling system of the buildingD. Is the building's electrical wiring10. "Facade" in architecture refers to:A. The front of a buildingB. The back of a buildingC. The interior of a buildingD. The roof of a building二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. The ______ is the process of applying plaster to walls and ceilings.12. A ______ is a type of roof that has two slopes on all four sides.13. The ______ is the study of the physical characteristics of the land.14. A ______ is a vertical support that transmits, through compression, the weight of a structure to the ground.15. The ______ is a type of window that is hinged at the top and opens outward.16. The term ______ refers to the practice of designing buildings to reduce their impact on the environment.17. A ______ is a type of joint that allows for movement between connected parts.18. The ______ is the process of applying a protective coating to metal to prevent rust.19. A ______ is a type of door that slides horizontally intoa wall.20. The ______ is the study of the properties and behavior of materials.三、简答题（每题5分，共30分）21. Explain the difference between a "cantilever" and a "suspension bridge".22. Describe the role of a "civil engineer" in the construction of a building.23. What are the key considerations in designing a building for "energy efficiency"?24. Discuss the importance of "lighting design" in architecture.四、论述题（共40分）25. Write an essay on the impact of "digital technology" on modern architectural design. Discuss how software and hardware advancements have changed the way architects work and the types of structures they can create. (20分)26. Discuss the concept of "sustainable urban planning" and its significance in the 21st century. How can architects and urban planners work together to create cities that are environmentally friendly and meet the needs of their inhabitants? (20分)答案：一、选择题1. B2. B3. A4. A5. B6. B7. B8. C9. A 10. A二、填空题11. Plastering 12. Mansard 13. Topography 14. Column 15. Casement 16. Green design 17. Expansion joint 18. Galvanizing 19. Sl。
2019年工程造价工程师资格考试建筑工程专业英语历年真题解析
2019年工程造价工程师资格考试建筑工程专业英语历年真题解析Part I: 选择题解析1. A解析: 根据题干中的"what is 'budget cost'?"，定位到第一段最后一句"In construction, this cost is typically referred to as the 'budget cost'."，因此答案为A。
2. C解析: 根据题干中的"what is an 'addenda'?"，定位到第三段第一句"The addenda are additional drawings, specifications, or instructions that are issued by the architect or engineer during the bidding process."，因此答案为C。
3. B解析: 根据题干中的"how are bid bonds used in the bidding process?"，定位到第五段第一句"Bid bonds are used to ensure that the selected contractor will enter into a contract and provide the required performanceand payment bonds."，因此答案为B。
4. D解析: 根据题干中的"What is the purpose of the construction schedule?"，定位到第八段第一句"The construction schedule outlines the timeline and sequence of activities for the construction project."，因此答案为D。
工程英语测试题及答案
工程英语测试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the term used to describe the process of turning raw materials into finished products?A. FabricationB. AssemblyC. MachiningD. Casting答案：A2. The primary function of a ________ is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.A. MotorB. GeneratorC. TransformerD. Inverter答案：A3. In engineering, the term "stress" refers to:A. The internal resistance of a material to deformationB. The force applied to a materialC. The change in shape of a materialD. The rate of change of force答案：A4. Which of the following is not a type of welding process?A. Arc weldingB. Gas weldingC. Ultrasonic weldingD. Friction welding答案：C5. The process of designing and building a structure is known as:A. EngineeringB. ArchitectureC. ConstructionD. All of the above答案：D6. What does the abbreviation "CAD" stand for in the field of engineering?A. Computer-Aided DesignB. Computer-Aided DraftingC. Computer-Aided DevelopmentD. Computer-Aided Documentation答案：A7. The SI unit for pressure is:A. PascalB. NewtonC. JouleD. Watt答案：A8. A ________ is a type of joint that allows for relative movement between connected parts.A. Rigid jointB. Revolute jointC. Fixed jointD. Pin joint答案：B9. The process of removing material from an object to achieve the desired shape is known as:A. MachiningB. CastingC. ForgingD. Extrusion答案：A10. In engineering, the term "specification" refers to:A. A detailed description of the requirements of aprojectB. A list of materials to be used in a projectC. The estimated cost of a projectD. The timeline for a project答案：A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. The ________ is the process of cutting a flat surface ona material.答案：sawing12. A ________ is a type of bearing that allows for rotation.答案：ball bearing13. The term "gearing" refers to the use of gears to transmit ________.答案：motion14. The ________ is the study of the properties of materials.答案：material science15. In a hydraulic system, a ________ is used to control the flow of fluid.答案：valve16. The ________ is the process of heating and cooling a material to alter its physical properties.答案：heat treatment17. The ________ is a tool used to measure the hardness of a material.答案：hardness tester18. A ________ is a type of joint that connects two parts ata fixed angle.答案: hinge joint19. The ________ is the process of joining two pieces ofmetal by heating them to a molten state.答案：fusion welding20. The ________ is the study of the behavior of structures under load.答案：structural analysis三、简答题（每题5分，共30分）21. Define the term "mechanical advantage" in engineering.答案：Mechanical advantage is the ratio of output force to input force in a simple machine, indicating how much the machine amplifies the force applied to it.22. Explain the concept of "factor of safety" in engineering design.答案：The factor of safety is a ratio used in engineering to ensure that a structure or component can withstand loads beyond the maximum expected in service, providing a margin of safety against failure.23. What is the purpose of a "stress-strain curve" in material testing?答案：A stress-strain curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between the stress applied to a material and the resulting strain, used to determine the material's mechanical properties such as elasticity, yield strength, and ultimate strength.24. Describe the difference between "static" and "dynamic" loads in engineering.答案：Static loads are constant forces that do not changeover time, while dynamic loads are forces that vary in magnitude or direction over time, often due to movement or vibrations.25. What is "creep" in the context of material behavior under load?答案：Creep。
建筑专业英语试题及答案
建筑专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the term for the main vertical structural element in a building?A. ColumnB. BeamC. SlabD. Foundation2. The process of applying plaster to walls is known as:A. TilingB. RenderingC. PlasteringD. Drywalling3. Which of the following is a type of roofing material?A. BrickB. ConcreteC. AsphaltD. Glass4. The term "architectural scale" refers to:A. A set of rules for building designB. A tool used for measuring distances on architectural drawingsC. A method of constructionD. A type of building material5. What is the function of a lintel in construction?A. To support a wallB. To support a door or window openingC. To provide insulationD. To prevent water infiltration6. The abbreviation "RC" in construction stands for:A. Reinforced CementB. Roof ConstructionC. Residential ConstructionD. Raw Concrete7. The term "load-bearing wall" is used to describe a wall that:A. Carries the weight of the roof and floorsB. Is used for decorationC. Is non-structuralD. Separates rooms8. What does "green building" refer to?A. A building covered in plantsB. A building made from recycled materialsC. A building designed to reduce environmental impactD. A building with a lot of windows for natural light9. The process of attaching a building to the ground is known as:A. AnchoringB. FoundationingC. GroundingD. Embedding10. What is the purpose of a "cantilever" in construction?A. To provide additional supportB. To allow a structure to extend beyond its supportC. To increase the height of a buildingD. To create a decorative effect二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The structural system that uses a series of arches to distribute weight is known as a _______.12. The process of cutting and shaping stone is known as_______.13. A _______ is a type of joint that allows for some movement between connected parts.14. The term "facade" refers to the front of a building, which is often the _______ of the structure.15. The _______ is the part of a building that connects the roof to the walls.三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）16. Explain the difference between "load-bearing" and "non-load-bearing" walls.17. Describe the role of a "cantilever" in architectural design.18. What is the significance of "sustainability" in modern architecture?19. Discuss the importance of "thermal insulation" in building construction.四、翻译题（每题5分，共30分）20. Translate the following sentence into English:“悬挑结构能够创造出独特的建筑形态，但同时也需要精心的设计以确保结构的稳定性。
2019年专业英语四级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2019年专业英语四级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 3. LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE 4. CLOZE 5. READING COMPREHENSION 6. WRITINGPART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.听力原文：SLANG We often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful. However, they are usually out of place in formal writing / because of a number of drawbacks. / They go out of date quickly / and become tiresome if used too much. / And they may communicate clearly to some readers but not to others. / In general, we should avoid the use of slang in our writing.1．Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage, except the first sentence, will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of fifteen seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given ONE minute to check through your work once more. Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE. The first sentence of the passage is already provided. Now, listen to the passage. SLANG We often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful.______ _____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ _____正确答案：SLANG We often use slang expressions when we talk because they are so vivid and colorful. However, they are usually out of place in formal writing / because of a number of drawbacks. / They go out of date quickly / and become tiresome if used too much. / And they may communicate clearly to some readers but not to others. / In general, we should avoid the use of slang in our writing.解析：由标题和首句可知，短文围绕语言中的“俚语”这一主题展开。
工程职称英语试题及答案
工程职称英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共20分）根据题目所给的选项，选择最符合题意的答案。
1. Which of the following is not a type of engineering?A. Civil EngineeringB. Mechanical EngineeringC. Electrical EngineeringD. Agricultural Science2. The term "feasibility study" refers to:A. A study of the feasibility of a projectB. A study of the history of a projectC. A study of the project's financial aspectsD. A study of the project's environmental impact...20. In engineering, "sustainability" means:A. The ability to sustain a project indefinitelyB. The ability to sustain economic growthC. The ability to sustain environmental healthD. The ability to sustain all of the above二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）根据题目所给的语境，填入合适的词汇或短语。
1. The project's _______ phase is crucial for determining itsviability.2. Engineers must consider the _______ of materials in their designs.3. A _______ is a person who designs and oversees the construction of buildings.4. The _______ of the bridge is a critical factor in its design.5. Renewable energy sources are preferred for their _______ benefits....10. The _______ of the machine must be checked regularly to ensure safety.三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
土木工程专业(建筑工程方向)专业英语期末考试试题
土木工程专业（建筑工程方向）专业英语期末考试试题土木工程专业（建筑工程方向）专业英语期末考试试题考试说明：试卷共80分，考试时间60分钟，采用半开卷方式考核。
第一部分：翻译（20分）1、 Cement is mixed at or near the construction site with sand, aggregate (smallstones, crushed rock, or gravel), and water to make concrete. Concrete has a high and its strength depends on the proportion in which cement, and stones and water are mixed. It hardens with age and process of hardening continues for a long time after the concrete has attained sufficient strength.2、用英文给出理论力学的定义。
第二部分：单词（40分）1、高性能商品混凝土2、应力3、脆性4、框架结构5、悬臂梁6、剪力分配法7、材料力学8、工程力学9、永久荷载10、承重墙11、钢筋商品混凝土12、先张法13、挠度14、抗压强度15、砌体16、螺栓连接17、粗骨料18、刚度19、收缩20、桩基础21、内横墙22、踢脚23、屈服强度24、力偶25、伸长率26、素商品混凝土27、高层建筑28、施工机械29、有限元法30、稳定性31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、楼梯大厅上部结构沉降计算简图各向同性结论应力-应变曲线剪力墙建筑施工第三部分：选择题（12分）1、 Who was the first man that called himself a civil engineer?A. John SmeatonB. Thomas ThefordC. sir Benjiamin BakerD.Jamse Brindley2、 Which type of subdiscipline of civil engineer deals with soil, rock andunderground water, and their relation with design, construction and operation of engineering projects?A. structural engineerB. environmental engineeringC. geotechnical engineeringD. survey engineering3、 Building can be classified according to their number of storeys, and thenaccording to this classification, a 12-storey residential building is a building.A．low-rise building B. mid-high-rise buildingC. mid-rise buildingD. high-rise building4、 Nowadays surface.A. RoofB. RoadC. RailwayD. Concrete第四部分：学习专业英语的意见与建议（8分）从教学方法，教材及学习效果和收获方面入手。
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建筑工程专业英语试题四及答案
I Match the English in Column A with their Chinese equivalents in Column B（每题2分，共20分）
Column A Column B
( ) 1.installation engineering a. 成本控制
( ) 2. project budget b. 工程管理
( ) 3.waterproofing works c. 建筑结构
( ) 4.cost control d. 施工组织设计
( ) 5. project supervision e. 智能建筑
( ) 6. building structure f. 防水工程
( ) 7.construction management g. 项目预算
( ) 8. building equipment h. 工程管理
( ) 9.construction organization i. 安装工程
( ) 10. intelligent building j. 建筑设备
II Translate the following sentences.（每题5分，共50分）
(1)Quality control in construction typically involves insuring compliance with minimum standards of material and workmanship in order to insure the performance of the facility according to the design.
(2)Several naturally occurring materials, such as clay，stones, mud，and wood，leaves and so on，have already been used to build houses.
(3)Green building materials are composed of renewable，rather than
nonrenewable resources.
(4)There are a lot of different professionals to participate in the construction of a big project. Therefore，how to organize the construction is the key to solving the third stage；this is a very important system engineering.
（5）Electrical wiring in general refers to insulated conductors used to carry electricity and associated devices
（6）The i-Home Enabler integrates your Microsott Windows Vista Media Center Edition (MCE) with your TV seamlessly, enables you to enjoy yourself with some exciting movies, TV programs or comfortable music through the easy-to-follow on-screen-display (OSD) menu on TV screen interface.
（7）These allowances are included in project cost estimates to accommodate unforeseen events and the resulting costs.
（8）Project budget is a prediction of the costs associated with a particular company project. These costs include labor, materials, and other related expenses.
（9）The first interior power wiring systems used conductors that were bare or covered with cloth tape, which were secured by staples to the framing of the building or on running boards.
（10）Tendering and bidding is an international practice and the product of highly developed commodity economy, which applies to technical and economical method as well as the competition of market economy, organizes to carry out a best selection to deal.
III Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.（每小题15分，共30分）
1. If a material with high strength in tension，such as steel，is placed in
concrete，then the composite material，reinforced concrete，resists compression，bending，and other direct tensile actions. A reinforced concrete section where the concrete resists the compression and steel resists the tension can be made into almost any shape and size for the construction industry.
2. The contrac tor’s chief executive must be the organization’s leader in terms of safety, first by issuing a policy statement that conveys the idea that safety is the workplace’s highest priority, states who has authority and accountability for providing a safe work environment and requires adherence to all provisions in the company’s safety manual and then by acting in ways that demonstrate their commitment to the safety policy and program.
答案
I Match the English in Column A with their Chinese equivalents in Column B
1. i
2. g
3. f
4. a
5. h
6. c
7. b
8. j
9. d 10 e II. Translate the following sentences
(1) 建筑施工中的质量控制通常是用最少的材料和工艺，根据设计要求以保证设备的正常运行。
(2) 一些天然材料，如黏土、石头、淤泥、木材和树叶等都已用于房屋的建筑。
（3）绿色建材是由可再生的，而不是不可再生的资源构成的。
（4）一个大工程有很多不同的专业人员参加施工，因此，如何组织好施工是解决好第三个阶段的关键，这是一个十分重要的系统工程。
(5) 电气配线一般是指用于携带电和相关设备的绝缘导线。
(6) 此外，当智能家居系统与视频门禁电话及家用电话连接后，来访者的影像、来电号码、来电记录以及留言信息等都可即时传递到电视屏幕上，让您透过电视屏幕界面进行全方位操控。
（7）为了应付不可预见的事件和由此产生的成本，通常在工程项目成本估算中要安排一定数量的储备金。
（8）工程预算是公司某个特定项目的相关成本预测。
这些成本包括劳动力、材料和其他相关费用。
（9）早期的内部布线系统使用的是包裹着布胶带的裸露的导体，用U形钉钉在建筑物的框架上或者是可以移动的接线板上。
（10）招标投标是一种国际惯例，是商品经济高度发展的产物，是应
用技术、经济的方法和市场经济竞争机制的作用，有组织地开展一种择优成交的方式。
III Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese
1. 在安全方面，施工承包商必须是该组织的领导，首先要提出安全规范:传达安全的理念是施工现场第一要务;有提供安全施工环境的权利与义务;需要遵守公司安全守则中所有的规定，然后通过行动表明其遵守了安全政策和程序。
2. 如果将抗拉强度高的材料(如钢材)放置在混凝土内，那么复合材料——钢筋混凝土，就可以抵抗压力，弯矩和其他直接的拉伸作用。
在建筑业中，几乎可以将混凝土抗压而钢筋抗拉的钢筋混凝土浇筑成任何形状和大小。