2020年12月英语四级试题一仔细阅读真题答案(网友版)
2020年12月英语四级试题一仔细阅读真题答案（网
友版）
Everybody sleeps—so goes theSesame Street song meant for obstinately awakechildren. That may be true, but what people stay up late tocatch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies byculture.
Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the startor end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day after President VladimirPutin shifted the country permanently to “winter time”star ting on October 26.
Russia’s other latenights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays.One such spike was on New Year’s Eve, which Russians tend to ringin with unusual fervor, as well as on World War II Victory Day.According to another Jawbonefinding,Russians have the world's latest bedtime on December 31, hittingthe hay at around 3：30 a.m.
Russians also got upan hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for coddlingand celebrating female relatives.
Similarly, Americans’late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps coincided withthree-day weekends.
Canada got the leastsleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockeyfinal.
The World Cup wasalso a major sleep-deprivation culprit. The worst night for sleepin the U.K. was the night of the
England-Italy match on June 14.Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they wokeup earlier than usual
the next morning thanks to summer nights, thephenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries inthe summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to
Germans,Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an
hour and a halflater on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup.
It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?
参考答案及解析
61题，定位到第一段最后一句“varies byculture”，所以答案选A——They areculture-related.
62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。
第二段的“Russian, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day”这个句是干扰句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案
推不出“他们比其他地方的人睡得更久”。
然后看到第三段“Russia’sother late nights and early mornings generally coincided withpublic holidays”，所以答案为C——They don’t sleep much onholidays。
63题，题干问的是欧洲人缺乏睡眠的major cause主要原因是什么，由题干的大写名词Europeans’loss定位到倒数第二段的
“comparedto Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hourand a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup”，原文的Germans, Italians, and theFrench就是题干中“Europeans”的同义改写，而他们stayed up 就是为了to watch theCup，所以说他们缺乏睡眠的原因便是C选项——The World Cup。
64题，问的是富有的人使用设备来记录他们的睡眠模式的原因。
由rich people以及device定位到最后一段第一句，定位句只说到了记录的事实，而非其原因。
按照四级阅读金三句原则看到定位句的下一句“And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than t he average person”，记录睡眠的人是想要得到比普通人更多的睡眠，所以答案是B——Theywant to get sufficient sleep.
65题，问的是作者在最后一段所表达的观点，定位到最后一句If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? 作者提到了health-conscious，人们对健康的意识是缺乏的，对健康是视而不见的，所以答案选B——Fewpeople really know the importance of sleep.
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2020年12月英语四级真题及参考答案完整版
听力News report 1( 1 ) A poisonous fish which has a sting strong enough to kill a human is invading the Mediterranean, warn the scientist.The International Union for the Conservation of Nature has raised concerns after the poisonous fish was spotted in the waters around Turkey, Cyprus and the eastern Mediterranean.Native to the South Pacific and Indian Ocean, the potentially deadly fish has poisonous barbs and an painful sting capable of killing people.Although fatalities are rare, the stings can cause extreme pain, and stop people breathing.The fish, also known as the Devil Firefish, is a highly invasive a species, ( 2 ) and environmentalists fear its arrival could endanger other types of marine life.After being spotted in the Med, a marine scientist says: "The fish is spreading, and that's a cause for concern.”Q1: What is reported in the news?D. A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.Q2: What is the environmentalist concern about the spread of devil fire fish in the Mediterranean?B. It could pose a threat to other marine species.News Report 2( 3 )Almost half the center of Paris will be accessible only by foot or bicycle this Sunday to mark World-Car-Free Day.( 4 ) This is in response to risingair pollution that made Paris the most polluted city in the world for a brief time. Mayor Ann Ethogo promoted the first World-Car-Free Day last year. Ethogo also has supported a Pairs-briefs-Day on the first Sunday of every month. Paris clears traffic from eight lanes of the main road. About 400 miles of streets will be closed to cars. It is expected to bring significant reduction inpollution levels. ( 4 ) Last year's Car-Free Day showed a 40% drop in pollution levels in some parts of the city. According to an independent air pollution monitor, reports the guardian and sound levels dropped by 50% in the city center.Q3: What will happen on World-Car-Free-Day in Paris?C. About half of its city center will be closed to cars.Q4: What motivated the mayor of Paris to promote the first World-Car-Free Day in her city?D. The rising air pollution in Paris.News Report 3( 5 )A Philippine fisherman was feeling down on his luck when a house fire forced him to clear out his possessions and change locations. Then, a good luck charm that he kept under his bed changed his life. The unidentified man fished out a giant pearl from the ocean when his anchor got stuck on the rock while sailing off a coastal island in the Philippines 10 years ago. ( 6 ) When he was forced to sell it, ( 7 ) the shocked tourist agent at Puerto Francesca told him that the £77 giant pearl that he had kept hidden in his run-down wooden house was the biggest pile in the world, which was valued at £76 million. The pearl of Allah, which is currently on display in a New York Museum, only weighs 14 pounds. That is 5 times smaller than the pearl that the fisherman just handed in. The monstrous pearl, measured at 1 foot wide and 2.2 feet long, is going to be verified by local experts and international authorities before hopefully going on display to attract more tourists in the little town.Question 5. What happened to the Philippine fisherman one day?A.His house was burnt down in a fire.Question 6. What was the fisherman forced to do?C. Sell the pearl he had kept for years.Question 7. What did the fisherman learn from the tourist agent?B. His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.Conversation 1W: Mr. Smith, it's a pleasure meeting you.M: Nice to meet you,too. What can I do for you?W: Well, I'm here to show you what our firm can dofor you. Astro Consultant has branches in over 50 countries, offering different business services. ( 8 ) We are a global company with 75 years of history and our clients include some of the world's largest companies.M: Thank you, Mrs. Houston. I know Astro Consultantis a famous company, but you said you would show me what you could do for me. Well, what exactly can your firm do for my company?W: We advise businesses on all matters—from market analysis to legal issues. Anything of business like yours could need, our firm offers expert advice. Could I ask you, Mr. Smith, to tell me a little about your companyand the challenges you face? That way, I could better respond as to how we can help you.M: OK, sure. ( 9 ) This is a family business started by my grandfather in 1950. We employed just over 100 people. We manufacture an export stone for buildings and other constructions. Our clients usually want a special kind of stone cut in a special design. That's what we do in our factory. ( 10 ) Our main challenge is that our national currency is rising and we're losing competitive advantage to stone producers in India.W: I see. that's very interesting. ( 11 ) I would suggest that you let us first conduct a financial analysis of your company, together with an analysis of your competitors in India. That way we could offer the best advice on different ways forward for you.Q8. What do we learn about the woman's company?A. It boasts a fairly long history.Q9. What does the man say about his own company?D. It is a family business.Q10. What is the main problem with the man's company?B. Losing the competitive edge.Q11. What does the woman suggest doing to help the man’s company?D. Conducting a financial analysis for it.Conversation 2W: ( 12 )Wow, Congratulations, Simon. The place looks absolutely amazing.M: Really? You think so?W: Of course, I love it! It looks like you had a professional interior designer. But you didn't, did you?M: No. I did it all by myself—with a little help from my brother Greg. He's actually in the construction business, which was really helpful.W: Well, honestly, I'm impressed. I knew I could probably repaint the walls in my house over a weekend or something, but not a full renovation. Where did you get your ideas? I wouldn't know where to start.M: ( 13 ) Well, for a while now, I've been regularly buying home design magazines every now and then, and say the picture I liked. Believe it or not, I had a full notebook of magazine pages. Since my overall style was quite minimal, I thought and hoped the whole renovationwouldn't be too difficult. And sure enough, with Greg's help,it was very achievable.W: Was it very expensive? I imagine a project like this could be.M: ( 14 ) Actually, it was surprisingly affordable. I managed to sell a lot of my old furniture, and put that extra money towards the new material. Greg was also able to get some discount of materials from a recent project he was working on as well.W: Great. If you don't mind, I'd like to pick your brain a bit more. Jonathan and I are thinking of renovating our sitting room, not the whole house—not yet anyway.( 15 ) And we'd love to get some inspiration from your experience. Are you free to come over for a coffee early next week?Question 12. What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?B. She is really impressed by the man’s house.Question 13. Where did the man get his ideas for the project?C. From home design magazines.Question 14. What did the man say about the project he recently completed?A. The cost was affordable.Question 15. Why does the woman invite the man to her house next week?D. She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.Passage 1( 16 ) Removing foreign objects from ears and noses costs England almost￡3 million a year, a study suggests. Children were responsible for the vast majority of cases. 95% of objects removed from noses, and 85% from ears. Every year, an average of 1,218 nose，and 2,479 ear removals took place between 2010 and 2016. ( 17 ) According to England's hospital episodes statistics, children aged 1 to 4 were the most likely to need help from doctors for a foreign object in their nose. 5 to 9 -year-olds come to the hospital with something in their ears the most.Jewelry items accounted for up to 40% of cases in both the ears and noses of children. Paper and plastic toys for the items removed next most from noses. Cotton buds, and pencils were also found in years.( 18 )According to the study, the occurrence of foreign objects in children is generally attributed to curiosity.Children have an impulse to explore their noses and ears. This results in the accidental entry of foreign objects. Any ear, nose and throat surgeon has many weird stories about wonderful objects found in the noses and ears of children and adults. Batteries can pose a particular danger. In all cases, prevention is better than cure. This is why many toys contain warnings about small parts. Recognizing problems early and seeking medical attention is important.Question16 What does England spend an annual￡3 million on?C. Removing objects from patients’ noses and ears.Question17 What do we learn from England's hospital episodes statistics?B. Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears.Question18 What is generally believed to account for children putting things in their ears or noses?D. They are curious about these body parts.Passage 2( 21 )Good morning. Today, I would like to talk to you about my charity Re-bicycle.But before that, let me introduce someone. This is Layla Rahimi. She was so scared when she first moved to new Zealand. Does she struggled to leave the house? I would spend days working up the courage to walk to the supermarket for basic supplies. ( 19 ) After a few months of being quite down and unhappy, she was invited to join a local bike club. At this time, Re-bicycle got involved and gave Layla a second-hand bicycle. Within weeks, her depression had begun to ease as she cycled. The bicycle totally changed her life, giving her hope and a true feeling of freedom. ( 20 ) To date, Re-bicycle has donated more than 200 bikes to those in need and is now expanding bike-riding lessons as a demand source. With a bike, new comers here can travel farther but for almost no cost. The 3 hours a day they used to spend walking to and from English language lessons has been reduced tojust 1hour.( 21 )Our bike riding lessons are so successful that we are urgently looking for more volunteers, learning to ride a bike is almost always more difficult for an adult. And this can take days and weeks rather than hours. So if any of you have some free time during the weekend, please come join us at Re-bicycle and make a difference in someone’s life.Question 19. What did Re-bicycle do to help Layla Rahimi?A. It gave her a used bicycle.Question 20. What is Re-bicycle doing to help thosein need?A. Expanding bike-riding lessons.Question 21. What do we learn from the passage about Re-bicycle?D. It is a charity organization.Passage 3Thanks to the international space station, ( 22 ) we know quite a bit about the effects of low gravity on the human body, but NASA scientists want to learn more.Tothat end, they have been studying how other species deal with low gravity, specifically focusing on mice. The results are both interesting and humorous. The scientists first sent some mice and especially designed cage to the international space station.The cage allowed them to study the behavior of the mice remotely from earth, via video.As you’ll notice in the video, ( 23 )the mice definitely seem uncomfortable at the beginning of the experiment.They move around clumsily, drifting within the small confines of the cage and do their best to figure out which way is up, but without success. However, it’s not long before the mice begin to catch on.They adapt remarkably well to their new environment, and even use the lack of gravity to their advantage as they push themselves around the cage. That’s when things really get wild.( 24 ) The 11th day of the experiment shows the mice are not just dealing with the gravity change, but actually seem to be enjoying it. Several of the mice are observed running around the cage walls. The scientists wanted to see whether the mice would continue doing the same kinds of activities they were observed doing on earth.( 25 )The study showed that the mice kept much of the routines intact, including cleaning themselves and eating when hungry.Question 22 : What do NASA scientists want to learn about?A. How animals deal with lack of gravity.Question 23: What does the passage say about the mice at the beginning of the experiment?C. They were not used to the low-gravity environment.Question 24: What was observed about the mice on the 11th day of the experiment?B. They already felt at home in the new environment.Question 25: What did the scientists find about the mice from the experiment?B.They behaved as if they were on Earth.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A ) A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.B ) Invasive species are driving away certain native species.C ) The Mediterranean is a natural habitat of Devil Firefish.D ) Many people have been attacked by Devil Firefish.2. A ) It could add to greenhouse emissions.B ) It could disrupt the food chains there.C ) It could pose a threat to other marine species.D ) It could badly pollute the surrounding waters.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A ) Cars will not be allowed to enter the city.B ) About half of its city center will be closed to cars.C ) Buses will be the only vehicles allowed on its streets.D ) Pedestrians will have free access to the city.4. A ) The rising air pollution in Paris.B ) The worsening global warming.C ) The ever-growing cost of petrol.D ) The unbearable traffic noise.Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A ) Many of his possessions were stolen.B ) His house was burnt down in a fire.C ) His fishing boat got wrecked on a rock.D ) His good luck charm sank into the sea.6. A ) Change his fishing locations.B ) Find a job in a travel agency.C ) Spend a few nights on a small island.D ) Sell the pearl he had kept for years.7. A ) A New York museum...B ) The largest pearl in the world...C ) His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.D ) His pearl could be displayed in a museum.Questions 8 and 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A ) It boast a fairly long history.B ) It produces construction materials.C ) It has 75 offices around the world.D ) It has over 50 business partners.9. A ) It has about 50 employees.B ) It was started by his father.C ) It has a family business.D ) It is over 100 years old.10. A ) Shortage of raw material supply.B ) Legal disputes in many countries.C ) Outdated product design.D ) Loss of competitive edge.11. A ) Conducting a financial analysis for it.B ) Providing training for its staff members.C ) Seeking new ways to increase its exports.D ) Introducing innovative marketing strategies.Questions 12 and 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A ) She is a real expert at house decorations.B ) She is well informed about the design business.C ) She is attracted by the color of the sitting room.D ) She is really impressed by the man’s house.13. A ) From his younger brother Greg.B ) From home design magazines.C ) From a construction businessman.D ) From a professional interior designer.14. A ) The effort was worthwhile.B ) The style was fashionable.C ) The cost was affordable.D ) The effect was unexpected.15. A ) She’d like him to talk with Jonathan about a new project.B ) She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.C ) She wants to discuss the house decoration budget with him.D ) She’d like to show him around her newly-renovated house.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A ) Providing routine care for small childrenB ) Paying hospital bills for emergency cases.C ) Doing research on ear, nose and throat diseases.D ) Removing objects from patients’ noses and ears.17. A ) Many children like to smell things they find or play with.B ) Many children like to put foreign objects intheir mouth.C ) Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears.D ) Children aged one to four are often more curious than older children.18. A ) They tend to act out of impulse.B ) They want to attract attentions.C ) They are unaware of the potential risks.D ) They are curious about these body parts.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A ) It paid for her English lessons.B ) It gave her a used bicycle.C ) It delivered her daily necessities.D ) It provided her with physical therapy.20. A ) Expanding bike-riding lessons.B ) Asking local people for donations.C ) Providing free public transport.D ) Offering walking tours to visitors.21. A ) It is a language school.B ) It is a charity organization.C ) It is a counseling center.D ) It is a sports club.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A ) How mice imitate human behavior in space.B ) How low gravity affects the human body.C ) How mice interact in a new environment.D ) How animals deal with lack of gravity.23. A ) They were not used to the low-gravity environment.B ) They found it difficult to figure out where they were.C )They found the space in the cage too small to stay in.D ) They were not sensitive to the changed environment.24.A ) They tried everything possible to escape from the cage.B ) They continued to behave as they did in the beginning.C ) They already felt at home in the new environment.D ) They had found a lot more activities to engage in.25.A ) They repeated their activities every day.B ) They behaved as if they were on Earth.C ) They begin to eat less after some time.D ) They changed their routines in space.听力第一套1. D. A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.2. B. It could pose a threat to other marine species.3. C. About half of its city center will be closed to cars.4. D. The rising air pollution in Paris.5. A. His house was burnt down in a fire.6. C. Sell the pearl he had kept for years.7. B. His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.8. A. It boasts a fairly long history.9. D. It is a family business.10. B. Loss the competitive edge.11. D. Conducting a financial analysis for it.12. B. She is really impressed by the man’s house.13. C. From home design magazines.14. A. The cost was affordable.15. D. She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.16. C. Removing objects from patients’ noses and ears.17. B. Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears.18. D. They are curious about these body parts.19. A. It gave her a used bicycle.20. A. Expanding bike-riding lessons.21. D. It is a charity organization.22. A. How animals deal with lack of gravity.23. C. They were not used to the low-gravity environment.24. B. They already felt at home in the new environment.25. C. They behaved as if they were on Earth.听力第二套1. D ) He did an unusual good deed.2. C ) Give some money to the waiter.3. A ) Whether or not to move to the state’s mainland.4. B ) It costs too much money.5. A ) To investigate whether people are grateful for help.6. C ) They held doors open for people at various places.7. B ) Most people express gratitude for help.8. C ) To enquire about solar panel installations.9. D ) He has a large family.10. B ) The cost of a solar panel installation.11. D ) About five year.12. A ) At a travel agency.13. D ) She wanted to spend more time with her family.14. D ) Two weeks.15. A ) Choosing some activities herself.16. D ) Pay a green tax upon arrival.17. A ) It has not been doing a good job in recycling.18. B ) To ban single-use plastic bags and straws on Bali island.19. D ) Its population is now showing signs of increase.20. C ) Commercial hunting.21. D ) To seek breeding grounds.22. C ) They consume less milk these days.23. A ) It is not as healthy as once thought.24. C ) They lack the necessary proteins to digest it.25. B ) It provides some necessary nutrients.翻译【翻译第一套】鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜，因为汉语中“鱼”字的发音与“余”字的发音相同。
202012月四级考试第一套答案
202012月四级考试第一套答案第一套：In no country other than modern China is the issue about changes in the way of communication more popular and prevailing. Consequently, an increasing number of people begin to pay serious attention to this issue. And, similar reports often hit the headlines of many websites, which has aroused a heated debate all over the world.We all have to be fully convinced that the changes in the way of communication matters profoundly, and it is closely related to people’s daily life. Therefore, we are very likely to ask what may account for such phenomenon. And for me, it is quite easy to come to this conclusion that there are several factors at play. But no other reasons than the following one contributes more. During the past the decades, China has advanced sharply in all aspects, especially in the technological sectors. Due to the advancement in technology, many means of communication are available, such as WeChat. In my opinion, this is the root cause.Admittedly, Human society will benefit greatly from the advancements of technology. In this way, a better and promising tomorrow will not be a question of if, but when.02写作第二套教育：In no country other than modern China is the issue about changes in the way of education more popular and prevailing. Consequently, an increasing number of people, not only students but also parents, begin to pay serious attention to this issue.We all have to be fully convinced that the changes in the way of education matters profoundly, and it is closely related to people’s daily life. Therefore, we are very likely to ask what may account for such phenomenon. And for me, it is quite easy to come to this conclusion that there are several factors at play. But no other reasons than the following one contributes more. During the past the decades, China has advanced sharply in all aspects, and consequently the need for better life increased markedly as well. Due to the advancement in technology, many means of education are available. In my opinion, this is the root cause.Admittedly, Human society will benefit greatly from the advancements of our society and technology. In this way, a better and promising tomorrow will not be a question of if, butwhen.四级翻译01翻译第一套◆【原文】生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。
2020年12月大学英语四级答案(卷一)
2020年12月大学英语四级答案（卷一）2020年12月大学英语四级答案（卷一）考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题实行核对。
1. 主要考查的是推理判断的水平。
女士问男士最近一次是什么时候为公寓除尘的，应该是嫌男士家里不干净，结果男士的回答却是那得看我妈上次是什么时候来的。
言外之意就是其实都是他妈妈帮他搞卫生。
2. 主要考查的是推理判断的水平。
女士在催男士赶快跑，马上公交车来了。
男士却说不用跑，下一班2、3分钟之后就到。
言外之意是能够赶下一班车。
3. 主要考查的是推理判断的水平。
Up to one's neck就是某人手头要做的事实在太多,多得没法应付。
这句没听懂也不影响做题，因为后面男人又问“how come you’ve been so busy?” (你最近怎么会这么忙?)女人回答史密斯夫人请病假了，所以她要代理一些工作。
由此可得知，女人不得不做一些额外的工作。
4. 主要考查的是逻辑推理水平。
女士说每天在咖啡馆洗盘子很无聊，男士让她和他一起去送花。
也就是让她换工作。
5. 主要考查的是词义判断的水平。
“Oh, no, it must have slipped my mind.”slip one’s mind指的是：忘记了。
男人忘记了自己的诺言。
6. 主要考查的是理解大意的水平。
男人对女人说，你不喜欢这部电影我一点也不惊讶。
我自己也觉得很吓人。
女人说，确实。
通常来说她都不喜欢恐怖电影。
本题可能的干扰内容是对as a rule的理解，as a rule 相当于in general：通常来说。
7. 主要考查的是逻辑推理水平。
男人说就他个人经验来说爱能够是甜蜜的，但也会带来伤害。
女人说着话让她想到一句谚语，蜂蜜虽甜蜜，但是蜜蜂却会扎人。
由此可见，他们对爱的看法是一致的。
8. 主要考查的是逻辑推理水平男人问女人要为论坛再准备几把椅子，6把还是7把。
女人说，把所有能找到的椅子都带上。
2020年12月英语四级答案(卷一)
2020年12月英语四级答案（卷一）2020年12月英语四级答案（卷一）提示：考试采取"多题多卷"模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题实行核对。
作文：The Importance of Being Participants in LifeNowadays it is common to encounter a scene when people want to see things happen but can't make things happen for various kinds of reasons. Sometimes, they just refuse to bethe change in the world.As far as I am concerned, we should all have the notionof being the participant in our life. For instance, one can't have a healthy body by merely watching others take regular exercises. He must strengthen his body through his ownefforts. Another case is that when people intend to acquire new skills, such as public speaking skill, they need to catch every opportunity to speak in the public so that they can achieve success. Furthermore, there are changes we want tosee in the world, like protecting the environment effectively, and the only way to make a difference is that each of us should be a contributing participant.In conclusion, let's go out there to make things happen, just as the saying goes： "Be the change you want to see inthe world."听力：【短对话】1. B. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.2. A. At a gift shop.3. C. He declined a job offer from the art gallery.4. D. He will be unable to attend the birthday party.5. B. Set a deadline for the staff to meet.6. A. They way to the visitor’s parking.7. D. He has benefited from exercise.8. D. The secretaries in the man’s company.【长对话】9. B. It is used by more people than English.10. C. The influence of the British Empire.11.It includes a lot of words from other languages.12.To place an order13.He is not familiar with the exact details of goods.14.It depends on a number of factors.15.Ring back when she comes to a decision.【短文理解】16. No one knows for sure when they came into being.17.Carry ropes across river.18.To prove the lighting is electricity.19.She can speak several languages.20.They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.21.She was able to translate for a German sports judge.22.Taste the beef and give her comment.23.He grew up in a poor single parent household.24.Stupid25.Write two book reports a week.【短文听写】26.heavenly27. fascinating29. Now and then32. characteristics34. naked35 .relatively词汇理解：36.G37.M38.B39.O40.I41.D。
2020年12月英语四级第一套真题及答案
2020年12月英语四级第一套真题及答案2020年12月英语四级第一套真题及答案一、四级听力部分：1 . D)A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters2. B)lt could pose a threat to other marine species3. C)About half of its city center will be closed to cars4. D)The rising air pollution in Paris5. A)His house was burnt down in a fire6. C)Sell the pearl he had kept for years7. B) His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.8. A)lt boasts a fairly long history.9. D)lt is a family business.1 0. B) Loss the competitive edge1 1 . D)Conducting a financial analysis for it.1 2. B)She is really impressed by the mans house1 3. C)From home design magazines1 4. A)The cost was affordable1 5. D)She wants him to share his renovation experience with her1 6. C)Removing objects from patients noses and ears.1 7. B)Five*to nineyearolds are the most likely to put things in their ears1 8. D)They are curious about these body parts1 9. A)lt gave her a used bicycle.20. AjExpanding bikeriding lessons21 . D)lt is a charity organization.22. A)How animals deal with lack of gravity.23. C)They were not used to the lowgravity environment.24. B)They already felt at home in the new environment.25. C)They behaved as if they were on Earth.二、四级选词填空部分：The things people make, and the way they make them...26. K. matters27. G. flexible28. M. promised29. C. enormously30.O. spared31 .F. feature32. H. inevitably33. A. automation34. D. fantastic35. N. shape三、四级信息匹配部分：Poverty is a story about us,not them36. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"37. [H] But the fact that 4 in 1 0 Americans cant come up with$400 in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason： economic instability strerches across race,gen? der,and geography.38. [M]According to the General Social Survey, 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too Little on "assistance to the poor."39. [J] The Frame Works Institute^ research group that focuses on public framing of issues,has studied what sustains stereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United Kingdom40. [D] If these are the central characters of our story about poverty,what layers of perceptions,myths,and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support?41 .[F] How many of us are poor in the U.S.?42. [N] "Poverty has been interchangeable with people of colorspecifically black women and” black mothers, "says Atkinson of Mothering Justice.43. [I] Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it.44. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"45. [L] Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying lowwage work or structural discrimination based on race,gender,or ability 四、四级仔细阅读部分：P146. C They did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.47. B The falling prices of ebike batteries,48. D It will make a difference in people* s daily lives49. A Retailersrefusal to deal in ebikes.50 D The younger generation’ s pursuit of comfortable ridingP251 A To sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth52 C it covers more phenomena53 D Deliberate choice of words54 B For greater precision55 C Human activities have serious effects on Earth五、四级作文部分：WritingDirections： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education. You should write at least 1 20 words but no more than 1 80 words.范文：Changes in the way of education As the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of education keeps changing and new forms of education emerge surprisingly. Especially during the pandemic of corona virus, online education has become one of the most important ways of education throughout the world.The changes in the way of education can be listed as follows.First of all, compared with traditional offline teaching activities, online education gives students the opportunity to study wherever they want, at home or in the park.Moreover, the cost of attending online courses is normally lower than that of offline ones. Besides, students can choose the perfect time when they are available to attend classes,instead of stubbornly fixing the time required without the possibility of doing any other important thing.From my perspective, the changes in the way of education mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate students who live in the age of internet and can get access to online courses, I can’ t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.六、四级翻译部分：生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。
2020年12月英语四级答案：仔细阅读答案部分(试卷一)
2020年12月英语四级答案：仔细阅读答案部分（试卷一）2020年12月英语四级答案：仔细阅读答案部分（试卷一）提示：考试采取"多题多卷"模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题实行核对。
Everybody sleeps—so goes theSesame Street song meant for obstinately awakechildren. That may be true, but what people stay up late tocatch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies byculture.Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the startor end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day after President VladimirPutin shifted the country permanently to “winter time”starting on October 26.Russia’s other latenights and early m ornings generally coincided with public holidays.One such spike was on New Year’s Eve, which Russians tend to ringin with unusual fervor, as well as on World War II Victory Day.According to another Jawbonefinding,Russians have the world's latest bedtime on December 31, hittingthe hay at around 3：30 a.m.Russians also got upan hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for coddlingand celebrating female relatives.Similarly, Americans’late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps coincided withthree-day weekends.Canada got the leastsleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockeyfinal.The World Cup wasalso a major sleep-deprivation culprit. The worst night for sleepin the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14.Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they wokeup earlier than usualthe next morning thanks to summer nights, thephenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries inthe summertime. That was nothing, though, compared toGermans,Italians, and the French, who stayed up around anhour and a halflater on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup.It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?参考答案及解析61题，定位到第一段最后一句“varies byculture”，所以答案选A——They areculture-related.62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。
2020年12月大学英语四级考试试题+答案
2020年12月四级试题答案Part II听力1.A)A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.2.C)lt could poses a threat to other marine species.3.B)About half of its city center will be closed to ears.4.A)The rising air pollution in Paris5.B)His houses has burnt down in a fire.6.D)Sell the pearl he had kept for years.7.B)His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.8.A)It boasts a fairly long history.9.C)lt is a family business.10.D)Loss of competitive edge.11.A)Conducting a financial analysis for it.12.D)She is really impressed by the man's house.13.B)From home design magazine.14.C)The cost was affordable.15.B)She wants him to share his renovation experiences with her.16.D)Removing objects from patients' noses and ears. 17.C)Five to nine-year-olds were the most likely to put things in their ears.18.D)They are curious about these body parts.19.B)lt gave her a used bicycle.20.A)Expanding bike-riding lessons.21.B)lt is a charity organization.22.D) How animals deal with lack of gravity.23.A)They were not used to the low-gravity environment. 24.C)They already felt at home in the new environment. 25.B)They behaved as if they were on Earth.二、阅读选词填空：The things people make, and the way they make them, determine how cities grow and decline,and influence how empires rise and fall. So, any disruption to the world’s factories matters.And that disruption is surely coming. Factories are being digitized, filled with new sensors and new computers to make them quicker, more flexible, and more efficient.Robots are breaking free from the cages that sur-round them, learning new skills, and new ways of working. And 3D printers have long promised world where you can make anything, any-where, from a computerized design. That visions moving closer to reality. These forces will lead to cleaner factories, producing better goods at lower prices, personalized to our individual needs and desires. Humans will be spared many of the dirty, repetitive, and dangerous jobs that have long been a feature of factory life.Greater efficiency inevitably means fewer people can do the same work. Yet factory bosses in many developed countries are worried about a lack of skilled human workers - and see automation and robots as a solution.But economist Helena Laurent says this period of rapid change in manufacturing is a fantastic op-opportunity to make the world a better place. “Manufacturing is the one system where you have got the biggest source of innovation, the biggest source of economic growth, and the biggest source of great jobs in the past."you can see it changing. That’s an opportunity to shape that system differently, and if we can, it will have enormous significance."26. K) matters27. G) flexible28. M)promised29.L) moving30.O)spared31.F) feature32. H) inevitably33.A) automation34.D) fantastic35. N) shape段落匹配+仔细阅读：[段落匹配]36. F37. J38.O39. C40.H41.L42.D43.A44.M45.I【仔细阅读】46、CThey did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.47、BThe falling prices of bike batteries.48、Dlt will make a difference in people’s daily lives.49、ARetailers' refusal to deal in ebikes.50、DThe younger generation's pursuit of comfortable riding.51、ATo sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth.52、Cit covers more phenomena53、DDeliberate choice of words54、BFor political findings55、CHuman activities have serious effects on Earth.阅读第二套[阅读第二套]选词填空26.C essential27.M suspicion28.G miserable29.A constantly30.O watching31.Jrecords32.K removed33.F load34.l prpperly35.H pressure段落匹配36、HSome San Jose residents ...37、DThe reasons kids in San Jose...38、Kthe idea that those at the bottom can rise to the top ...39、Bindeed, data suggests that this is one of the best place...40、Gthe Chetty data shows that neighborhoods and places mattered ...41、lleaders in San Jose are determined to make sure that...42、Eindeed, the streets of San Joe seem,43、CBy contrast, just 4.4 percent of poor kids...44、HSome San Joes residents say that as ...45、FBut researchers aren't sure exactly why poor kidskin...仔细阅读46.DThey lack the necessary resources to address pupil’s mental problems.47.AThey have deteriorated due to budget cuts.48.BAt school.49.CStudents are more comfortable seeking counsel-ling in school.50.DA change in conception of what schools are.51.ATo illustrate people's peculiar shopping be-haviour.52.DTo make customers believe they are getting a bargain.53.BThe economist's print attract more consumers.54.CTo trap customers into buying the more pricey item.55.BBy comparing it with other choices.阅读第三套[阅读第三套]选词填空26.B constant27.G negative28.K repeatedly29.L rewarded30.C disappointing31.H outcome32.I pattern33.D distinguish34.N simply35.O undertaken段落匹配36.EThe comment, says37.HBut the fact that 4 in 10 ...38.MAccording to the General Social Survey...39.JThe frameworks institute...40.Dlf these are the central characters of our story about poverty...41.FHow many of us are poor in. ...42.N "Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color"...43.INegative images remain of who is living in poverty...44.CTodays' faces of income inequality and lack of opportunity ...45.LThose external factors include ...仔细阅读46.AWhen they don't have the chance to do what they want.47.DHarmful conduct48.BMany volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom49.CIt may promote creative thinking.50.DAllow oneself some time to be bored.51.BForests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.52.CThose that used to have the lowest forest cover-age.53.AThe government's advocacy.54.CTheir capability of improving air quality.55.DDeveloped and developing countries are moving in opposite directions.三、翻译团圆饭春节前夕吃团圆饭是中国人的传统。
202012月12日全国大学英语四级考试答案
2020年12月12日全国大学英语四级考试答案第一套WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 范文：Changes in the way of educationAs the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of education keeps changing and new forms of education emerge surprisingly.Especially during the pandemic of corona virus,online education has become one of the most important ways of education throughout the world.The changes in the way of education can be listed as follows. First of all, compared with traditional offline teaching activities, online education gives students the opportunity to study wherever they want, at home or in the park. Moreover, the cost of attending online courses is normally lower than that of offline ones. Besides, students can choose the perfect time when they are available to attend classes,instead of stubbornly fixing the time required without the possibility of doing any other important thing.From my perspective, the changes in the way of education mainly lie in the good respects.As one of the fortunate students who live in the age of internet and can get access to online courses, I can’t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.第二套WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Transportation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180words.范文：Changes in the way of transportationAs the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of transportation keeps changing surprisingly.New applications on transportation emerge abundantly, contributing to the fact that people’slifestyle has been changed as well.The changes in the way of transportation can be listed as follows. First of all, with the development of technology, the price of transportation is much cheaper than before. Moreover, compared with traditional ways of buying tickets, transportation applications and websites give passengers the opportunity to book tickets online without going outside to particular ticket offices. Besides, highspeed railways gradually replace the old- fashioned green trains, which can tremendously improvetravelers’ comfort during the journey and shorten the time spent on the way.From my perspective, the changes in the way of transportation mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate passengers who live in the age of internet and can get access to online service of transportation, I can’ t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.第三套WritingDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of communication. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180words.范文：Changes in the way of communicationAs the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of communication keeps changing surprisingly. New applications on communication and new social skills emerge abundantly, contributing to the fact thatpeople’s lifestyle has been changed substantially as well.The changes in the way of communication can be listed as follows. First of all, people used to prefer talking to each other face to face. However, with social networking applications becoming increasingly popular, people are gradually used to communicating with others online. Moreover, making telephone calls, though expensive and inconvenient, was one of the most important ways to keep in touch with those far away. At present, with the popularization of social networking apps, the cost of texting or calling friends and relatives is much cheaper than before. Besides, internet slang is more commonly used in people’s daily life.From my perspective, we should not easily judge people’s ways of communication, whether they prefer face-to-facecommunication or they would like to contact people via virtual world,if only the efficiency of communication would not be affected adversely.[听力]1.A)A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.2.C)It could poses a threat to other marine species.3.B)About half of its city center will be closed to ears.4.A)The rising air pollution in Paris5.B)His houses has burnt down in a fire.6.D)Sell the pearl he had kept for years.7.B)His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.8.A)It boasts a farily long history.9.C)It is a family business.10.D)Loss of competitive edge.11.A)Conducting a financial analysis for it.12.D)She is really impressed by the man's house.13.B)From home design magazine.14.C)The cost was affordable.15.B)She wants him to share his renovation experiences with her.16.D)Removing objects from patients' noses and ears.17.C)Five to nine-year-olds were the most likely to put things in their ears.18.D)They are curious about these body parts.19.B)It gave her a used bicycle.20.A)Expanding bike-riding lessons.21.B)It is a charity organization.22.D)How animals deal with lack of gravity.23.A)They were not used to the low-gravity environment.24.C)They already felt at home in the new environment.25.B)They behaved as if they were on Earth.【选词填空】26.K) matters27.G) flexible28.M) promised29.L) moving30.O) spared31.F) feature32.H) inevitably33.A) automation34.D) fantastic35.N) shape信息匹配第一套：Doctor’s orders: Let children just play36.H 段落第一句Another playtime thief:37.E 段落第一句The trends have been a long time coming.38.L 段落第一句Play may not be a hard sell to kids.39.G 段落第一句Pediatricians aren‘t the only ones who have noticed.40. D 段落第一句"Play is not silly behavior,"41.1 段落第一句"I respect that parents have busy lives and it's easy to hand a child an iPhone, "42.C 段落第一句 The advice, issued Monday by the Ameri- can Academy of Pediatrics,43.K 段落第一句Yogman also worries about the pressures that squeeze playtime for more affluent kids.44.F 段落第一句By 200945.B段落第一句“This ma y seem old-fashioned,but there are skills to be leaned when kids aren't told what to do信息匹配第二套：Why are Asian Americans Missing from Our Textbooks?36. E 段落第一句：For decades, activists have called for schools to offer anti-racism or multicultural curricula.37.B 段落第一句：My excitement was short-lived.38.J 段落第一句：Some teachers are finding ways to expose students to Asian-American issues39.F 段落第一句：Researchinto what students learn in school has found just how much40.H 段落第一句：Teachers with a multicultural background or41.D 段落第一句：Our students——Asian,42.K 段落第一句：And,despite setbacks,42.G 段落第一句：Worse,when Asian Americans do.44.C 段落第一句：I finally had the opportunity to learn about.45.1 段落第一句：How race and ethnicity is taught is crucial.【段落匹配】36. F37. J38.039. C40.H41.L42. D43. A44.M45.1【仔细阅读】46、CTHey did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.47、BThe falling prices of ebike batteries.48、DIt will make a difference in people’sdaily lives.49、ARetailers’ refusal to deal in ebikes.50、DThe younger generation’s pursuit of comfortable riding. 51、ATo sway pubilc opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth.52、Cit covers more phenomenaDeliberate choice of words54、BFor political findings55、CHuman activities have serious effectson Earth.Section BPoverty is a story about us,not them36.[E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Dan- ielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"37. [H] But the fact that 4 in 10 Americans can't come upwith$400 in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason: economic instability strerches across race,gen- der,and geography.38.[M]According to the General Social Survey, 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too little on "assistance to the poor. "39.[J] The Frame Works Institute,a research group that fo- cuses on public framing of issues,has studied what sustains stereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United King-40. [D] If these are the central characters of our story about poverty,what layers of perceptions,myths,and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support?41.[F] How many of us are poor in the U.S.?42.[N]"Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color - specifically black w omen and” black mothers, "says Atkinson of Mothering Justice.43.[I] Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it.44. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Dan- ielle Atkinson,"was meant to shame"45.[L] Those external factors include the difficulties accom- panying low-wage work or structural discrimination based on race,gender,or ability.第一套P146. C They did not become popular until the emergence of improved batteries.47. B The falling prices of ebike batteries.48. D It will profit from ebike sharing49.A Retailers'refusal to deal in ebikes.50 D The younger generation’s pursuit of comfortable ridingP251 A To sway public opinion of the impact of human activities on Earth52 C it covers more phenomena53 D Deliberate choice of words54 B For greater precision55 C Human activities have serious effects on Earth第二套P146 A When they don’ t have the chance to do what they want47 D Harmful conduct48 B Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom49 C It may promote creative thinking.50 D Allow oneself some time to be bored.P251.B Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.52.C Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.53.A The government' s advocacy54.C Their capability of improving air quality55.Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite directions翻译(三套)：生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。
2020年12月四级考试真题(1)及答案解析版
2020年12月四级考试真题（一）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education.You should write at least120words but no more than180 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Many people have been attacked by Devil Firefish.B)The Mediterranean is a natural habitat of Devil Firefish.C)Invasive species are driving away certain native species.D)A deadly fish has been spotted in the Mediterranean waters.2.A)It could badly pollute the surrounding waters.B)It could pose a threat to other marine species.C)It could disrupt the food chains there.D)It could add to greenhouse emissions.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)Cars will not be allowed to enter the city.B)Pedestrians will have free access to the city.C)About half of its city center will be closed to cars.D)Buses will be the only vehicles allowed on its streets.4.A)The unbearable traffic noise.C)The ever-growing cost of petrol.B)The worsening global warming.D)The rising air pollution in Paris.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)His house was burnt down in a fire.C)His good luck charm sank into the sea.B)Many of his possessions were stolen.D)His fishing boat got wrecked on a rock.6.A)Change his fishing locations.C)Sell the pearl he had kept for years.B)Find a job in a travel agency.D)Spend a few nights on a small island.7.A)His pearl could be displayed in a museum.B)His monstrous pearl was extremely valuable.C)The largest pearl in the world weighs14pounds.D)A New York museum has the world's biggest pearl.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It boasts a fairly long history.C)It has75offices around the world.B)It has over50business partners.D)It produces construction materials.9.A)It was started by his father.C)It is over100years old.B)It has about50employees.D)It is a family business.10.A)Outdated product design.C)Shortage of raw material supply.B)Loss of competitive edge.D)Legal disputes in many countries.11.A)Introducing innovative marketing strategies.C)Providing training for its staff members.B)Seeking new ways to increase its exports.D)Conducting a financial analysis for it.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)She is a real expert at house decorations.B)She is really impressed by the man's house.C)She is well informed about the design business.D)She is attracted by the color of the sitting room.13.A)From a construction businessman.B)From his younger brother Greg.C)From home design magazines.D)From a professional interior designer.14.A)The cost was affordable.B)The style was fashionable.C)The effort was worthwhile.D)The effect was unexpected.15.A)She'd like him to talk with Jonathan about a new project.B)She'd like to show him around her newly-renovated house.C)She wants to discuss the house decoration budget with him.D)She wants him to share his renovation experience with her.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)Paying hospital bills for emergency cases.B)Doing research on ear,nose and throat diseases.C)Removing objects from patients'noses and ears.D)Providing routine care for small children.17.A)Children aged one to four are often more curious than older children.B)Five-to nine-year-olds are the most likely to put things in their ears.C)Many children like to put foreign objects in their mouths.D)Many children like to smell things they find or play with.18.A)They want to attract attention.B)They tend to act out of impulse.C)They are unaware of the potential risks.D)They are curious about these body parts.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard19.A)It gave her a used bicycle.C)It delivered her daily necessities.B)It paid for her English lessons.D)It provided her with physical therapy.20.A)Expanding bike-riding lessons.C)Offering walking tours to visitors.B)Providing free public transport.D)Asking local people for donations.21.A)It is a sports club.C)It is a counseling center.B)It is a language school.D)It is a charity organization.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard22.A)How animals deal with lack of gravity.B)How mice interact in a new environment.C)How low gravity affects the human body.D)How mice imitate human behavior in space.23.A)They found the space in the cage too small to stay in.B)They found it difficult to figure out where they were.C)They were not used to the low-gravity environment.D)They were not sensitive to the changed environment.24.A)They continued to behave as they did in the beginning.B)They already felt at home in the new environment.C)They had found a lot more activities to engage in.D)They tried everything possible to escape from the cage.25.A)They changed their routines in space.C)They behaved as if they wereon Earth.B)They began to eat less after some time.D)They repeated their activitiesevery day.Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Trust is fundamental to life.If you can't trust anything,life becomes intolerable. You can't have relationships without trust,let alone good ones.In the workplace,too,trust is26.An organization without trust will be full of fear and27.If you work for a boss who doesn't trust their employees to do things right,you'll have a28time.They'll be checking up on you all the time,correcting "mistakes"and29-reminding you to do this or that.Colleagues who don't trust one another will need to spend more time30their backs than doing any useful work.Organizations are always trying to cut costs.Think of all the additional tasks caused by lack of trust.Audit(审计)departments only exist because of panieskeep large volumes of31because they don't trust their suppliers,their contractors or their customers.Probably more than half of all administrative work is only there because of an ever-existing sense that"you can't trust anyone these days."If even a small part of such valueless work could be32,the savings would run into millions of dollars.All this is extra work we33onto ourselves because we don't trust people-the checking,following through,doing things ourselves because we don't believe others will do them34-or at all.If we took all that away,how much extra time would we suddenly find in our life?How much of our work35would disappear?A)constantlyB)credibleC)essentialD)exploringE)gatherF)loadG)miserableH)pressure I)properly J)records K)removed L)stacks M)suspicion N)tracked O)watchingSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.The Place Where the Poor Once ThrivedA)This is the land of opportunity.If that weren't already implied by thelandscape—rolling green hills,palm trees,sun-kissed flowers—then it's evident in the many stories of people who grew up poor in these sleepy neighborhoods and rose to enormous success.People like Tri Tran,who fled Vietnam on a boat in 1986,showed up in San Jose with nothing,made it to MIT,and then founded the food-delivery start-up Munchery,which is valued at$300million.B)Indeed,data suggests that this is one of the best places to grow up poor in America.A child born in the early1980s into a low-income family in San Jose had a12.9percent chance of becoming a high earner as an adult,according to a landmark study released in2014by the economist Raj Chetty and his colleagues from Harvard and Berkeley.That number—12.9percent-may not seem remarkable,but it was:Kids in San Jose whose families fell in the bottom quintile(五分位数)of income nationally had the best shot in the country at reaching the top quintile. C)By contrast,just4.4percent of poor kids in Charlotte moved up to the top;inDetroit the figure was5.5percent.San Jose had social mobility comparable toDenmark's and Canada's and higher than other progressive cities such as Boston and Minneapolis.D)The reasons kids in San Jose performed so well might seem obvious.Some of theworld's most innovative companies are located here,providing opportunities such as the one seized by a12-year-old Mountain View resident named Steve Jobs when he called William Hewlett to ask for spare parts and subsequently received a summer job.This is a city of immigrants——38percent of the city's population today is foreign-born—and immigrants and their children have historically experienced significant upward mobility in America.The city has long had a large foreign-born population(26.5percent in1990),leading to broader diversity,which, the Harvard and Berkeley economists say,is a good predictor of mobility.E)Indeed,the streets of San Jose seem,in some ways,to embody the best of America.It's possible to drive in a matter of minutes from sleek(光亮的)office towers near the airport where people pitch ideas to investors,to single-family homes with orange trees in their yards,or to a Vietnamese mall.The libraries here offer programs in17languages,and there are areas filled with small businesses owned by Vietnamese immigrants,Mexican immigrants,Korean immigrants,and Filipino immigrants,to name a few.F)But researchers aren't sure exactly why poor kids in San Jose did so well.The cityhas a low prevalence of children growing up in:single-parent families,and a low level of concentrated poverty,both factors that usually mean a city allows for good intergenerational mobility.But San Jose also performs poorly on some of the measures correlated with good mobility.It is one of the most unequal places out of the741that the researchers measured,and it has high degrees of racial andeconomic segregation(隔离).Its schools underperform based on how much money there is in the area,said Ben Scuderi,a predoctoral fellow at the Equality of Opportunity Project at Harvard,which uses big data to study how to improve economic opportunities for low-income children."There's a lot going on here which we don't totally understand,"he said."It's interesting,because it kind of defies our expectations."G)The Chetty data shows that neighborhoods and places mattered for children born inthe San Jose area of the1980s.Whether the city still allows for upward mobility of poor kids today,though,is up for debate.Some of the indicators such as income inequality;measured by the Equality of Opportunity Project for the year2000, have only worsened in the past16years.H)Some San Jose residents say that as inequality has grown in recent years,upwardmobility has become much more difficult to achieve.As Silicon Valley has become home to more successful companies,the flood of people to the area has caused housing prices to skyrocket.By most measures,San Jose is no longer a place where low-income,or even middle-income families,can afford to live.Rents in San Jose grew42.6percent between2006and2014,which was the largest increase in the country during that time period.The city has a growing homelessness problem,which it tried.to address by shutting down"The Jungle,"one of the largest homeless encampments(临时住地)in the nation,in2014.Inequality is extreme.The Human Development Index-a measure of life expectancy,education and per capita(人均的)income-gives East San Jose a score of4.85out of10,while nearby Cupertino,where Apple's headquarters sits, receives a9.26.San Jose used to have a happy mix of factors—cheap housing,closeness to a rapidly developing industry,tightly-knit immigrant communities—that together opened up the possibility of prosperity for even its poorest residents.But in recent years,housing prices have skyrocketed,the region's rich and poor have segregated,and middle-class jobs have disappeared.Given this,the future for the region's poor doesn't look nearly as bright as it once did.I)Leaders in San Jose are determined to make sure that the city regains its status as aplace where even poor kids can access the resources to succeed.With Silicon Valley in its backyard,it certainly has the chance to do so."I think there is a broad consciousness in the Valley that we can do better than to leave thousands of our neighbors behind through a period of extraordinary success,"San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo said.J)But in today's America-a land of rising inequality,increasing segregation,and stagnating(不增长的)middle-class wages—can the San Jose region really once again become a place of opportunity?K)The idea that those at the bottom can rise to the top is central to America's ideas about itself.That such mobility has become more difficult in San Jose raises questions about,the endurance of that foundational belief.After all,if the one-time land of opportunity can't be fixed,what does that say for the rest of America? 36.According to some people living in San Jose,it has become much harder for thepoor to get ahead due to the increased inequality.37.In American history,immigrants used to have a good chance to move upward insociety.38.If the problems of San Jose can't be solved,one of America's fundamental beliefsabout itself can be shaken.39.San Jose was among the best cities in America for poor kids to move up the socialladder.40.Whether poor kids in San Jose today still have the chance to move upward isquestionable.41.San Jose's officials are resolved to give poor kids access to the resources necessaryfor success in life.42.San Jose appears to manifest some of the best features of America.43.As far as social mobility is concerned,San Jose beat many other progressive citiesin America.44.Due to some changes like increases in housing prices in San Jose,the prospects forits poor people have dimmed.45.Researchers do not have a clear idea why poor children in San Jose achieved suchgreat success several decades ago.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Three children in every classroom have a diagnosable mental health condition. Half of these are behavioural disorders,while one third are emotional disorders such as stress,anxiety and depression,which often become outwardly apparent through self-harm.There was an astonishing52per cent jump in hospital admissions for children and young people who had harmed themselves between2009and2015.Schools and teachers have consistently reported the scale of the problem since st year,over half of teachers reported that more of.their pupils experience mental health problems than in the past.But teachers also consistently report how ill-equipped they feel to meet pupils'mental health needs,and often cite a lack of training,expertise and support from the National Health Service(英国国家医疗服务体系).Part of the reason for the increased pressure on.schools is that there are now fewer'early intervention(干预)'and low-level mental health services based in the community.Cuts to local authority budgets since2010have resulted in a significant decline of these services,despite strong evidence of their effectiveness in preventing crises further down the line.The only way to break the pressures on both mental health services and schools is to reinvest in early intervention services inside schools.There are strong arguments for why schools are best placed to provide mental health services.Schools see young people more than any other service,which givesthem a unique ability to get to hard-to-reach children and young people and build meaningful relationships with them over time.Recent studies have shown that children and young people largely prefer to see a counsellor in school rather than in an outside environment.young people have reported that for low-level conditions such as stress and anxiety,a clinical setting can sometimes be daunting(令人却步的).There are already examples of innovative schools which combine mental health and wellbeing provision with a strong academic curriculum.This will,though,require a huge cultural shift.Politicians,policymakers,commissioners and school leaders must be brave enough to make the leap towards reimagining schools as providers of health as well as education services.46.What are teachers complaining about?A)There are too many students requiring special attention.B)They are under too much stress counselling·needy students.C)Schools are inadequately equipped to implement any intervention.D)They lack the necessary resources to address pupils'mental problems.47.What do we learn from the passage about community health services in Britain?A)They have deteriorated due to budget cuts.B)They facilitate local residents'everyday lives.C)They prove ineffective in helping mental patients.D)They cover preventative care for the local residents.48.Where does the author suggest mental health services be placed?A)At home.B)At school.C)In hospitals.D)In communities.49.What do we learn from the recent studies?A)Students prefer to rely on peers to relieve stress and anxiety.B)Young people are keen on building meaningful relationships.C)Students are more comfortable seeking counselling in school.D)Young people benefit from various kinds of outdoor activities.50.What does the author mean by a cultural shift(Line2,Para.6)?A)Simplification of schools'academic curriculums.B)Parents'involvement in schools'policy-making.C)A change in teachers'attitudes to mental health.D)A change in the conception of what schools are.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Picture this:You're at a movie theater food stand loading up on snacks.You have a choice of a small,medium or large soda.The small is$3.50and the large is$5.50.It's a tough decision:The small size may not last you-through the whole movie,but$5.50 for some sugary drink seems ridiculous.But there's a third option,a medium soda for $5.25.Medium may be the perfect amount of soda for you,but the large is only a quarter more.If you're like most people,you end up buying the large(and taking a bathroom break midshow).If you're wondering who would buy the medium soda,the answer is almost-no one. In fact,there's a good chance the marketing department purposely priced the medium soda as a decoy(诱饵),making you more likely to buy the large soda rather than the small.I have written about this peculiarity in human nature before with my friend Dan Ariely,who studied this phenomenon extensively after noticing pricing for subscriptions(订阅)to The Economist.The digital subscription was$59,the print subscription was$125,and the print plus digital subscription was also$125.No one in their right mind would buy the print subscription when you could get digital as well for the same price,so why was it even an option?Ariely ran an experiment and found that when only the two"real"choices were offered,more people chose the less-expensive digital subscription.But the addition of the bad option made people much more likely to choose the more expensive print plus digital option.Brain scientists call this effect"asymmetric dominance"and it means that people gravitate toward the choice nearest a clearly inferior option.Marketing professors call it the decoy effect,which is certainly easier to remember.Lucky for consumers,almost no one in the business community understands it.The decoy effect works because of the way our brains.assign value when making choices.Value is almost never absolute;rather,we decide an object's value relative to our other choices.If more options are introduced,the value equation changes.51.Why does the author ask us to imagine buying food in the movie theater?A)To illustrate people's peculiar shopping behavior.B)To illustrate the increasing variety of snacks there.C)To show how hard it can be to choose a drink there.D)To show how popular snacks are among movie fans.52.Why is the medium soda priced the way it is?A)To attract more customers to buy it.B)To show the price matches the amount.C)To ensure customers drink the right amount of soda.D)To make customers believe they are getting a bargain.53.What do we learn from Dan Ariely's experiment?A)Lower-priced goods attract more customers.B)The Economist's promotional strategy works.C)The Economist's print edition turns out to sell the best.D)More readers choose the digital over the print edition.54.For what purpose is"the bad option"(Line7,Para.3)added?A)To cater to the peculiar needs of some customers.B)To help customers to make more rational choices.C)To trap customers into buying the more pricey item.D)To provide customers with a greater variety of goods.55.How do we assess the value of a commodity,according to the passage?A)By considering its usefulness.C)By taking its quality into account.B)By comparing it with other choices.D)By examining its value equation.Part IV Translation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。
2020年12月大学英语四级考试阅读真题及答案
2020年12⽉⼤学英语四级考试阅读真题及答案2020年12⽉⼤学英语四级考试阅读真题及答案2020年12⽉⼤学英语四级考试阅读真题及答案Section AQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.French fries, washed down with a pint of soda, are a favorite part of fast-food lunches and dinners for millionsof American youngsters. But 47 a cue from health experts, a group of 19 restaurant companies are pledging to offer more-healthful menu options for children at a time when 48 is growing over the role of fast food in childhood obesity(肥胖症). Burger King, the nation’s second-largest fast food chain, for instance, will 49 automatically including French friesand soda in its kids’ meals starting th is month, althoughthey will still be 50. Instead, the company said Tuesday, its employees will ask parents whether they 51 such options as milk or sliced apples before assembling the meals.“We’re asking the customers to 52 what they want,” said CraigPrus her, the chain’s vice president of government relations. Other participating chains, with a 53 of menu options, including Denny’s, Chili’s, Friendly’s and Chevy’s.As part of the Kids Live Well campaign-expected to be announced 54 Wednesday—participating restaurants must promise to offer at least one children’s meal that has fewer than 600 calories(卡路⾥), no soft drinks and at least two 55 from the following food groups： fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins or low-fat dairy. Among other requirements, they must offer a side dish that meets similar 56, with fewer than 200 calories and less than 35%of its calories from sugar.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。