第一节.执行摘要-HousingAuthorityoftheCountyofLosAngeles
房屋问题 雅思大作文 解决措施
房屋问题雅思大作文解决措施英文回答：One of the most pressing issues facing urban areas and the global community as a whole is the housing crisis. This multifaceted problem manifests in various forms, including a shortage of affordable housing, escalating home prices, and deteriorating housing conditions. Tackling this crisis requires a comprehensive and multi-pronged approach that involves both long-term solutions and immediate interventions.Increase Supply of Affordable Housing.One of the fundamental steps towards addressing the housing crisis is to increase the supply of affordable housing. This can be achieved through various initiatives, such as incentivizing the construction of low-income housing, implementing rent control mechanisms, and providing financial assistance to first-time homebuyers. Byexpanding the availability of affordable housing, more individuals and families will have the opportunity to secure stable and secure housing.Regulate Real Estate Market.Another crucial aspect of resolving the housing crisis involves regulating the real estate market. This includes measures to prevent excessive speculation, curb the influence of corporate landlords, and enforce fair housing practices. By preventing the market from being drivensolely by profit motives, regulators can help ensure that housing remains accessible to a broader range of people.Address Income Inequality.A significant factor contributing to the housing crisis is income inequality. The widening gap between the wealthy and the poor has made it increasingly difficult for lowand middle-income households to afford housing. Addressing income inequality requires a comprehensive set of policies, such as increasing the minimum wage, providing tax breaksfor low-income earners, and strengthening social safety nets. By improving the financial well-being of the population, individuals and families will have a better chance of securing and maintaining stable housing.Provide Temporary Assistance.In the short term, it is essential to provide temporary assistance to individuals and families who are facing immediate housing insecurity. This includes measures such as rent subsidies, emergency housing vouchers, and homeless shelters. By offering a lifeline to those in crisis, these interventions can prevent them from falling into homelessness and other detrimental situations.Foster Community Engagement.Community engagement is crucial for developing sustainable and locally-tailored solutions to the housing crisis. This involves working with community groups, non-profit organizations, and local authorities to identify the specific challenges and needs of a particular area. Byinvolving the community in the decision-making process, solutions can be developed that are both effective and reflective of the community's values.中文回答：住房问题。
房屋问题 雅思大作文 解决措施
房屋问题雅思大作文解决措施英文回答：Housing problems have become a pressing issue in many urban areas worldwide, affecting individuals and communities alike. The causes of housing issues are multifaceted, ranging from rising property prices and urban population growth to inadequate housing supply and inequitable distribution of resources. The consequences of housing problems can be severe, including homelessness, overcrowding, and poor living conditions, which can have detrimental impacts on physical and mental well-being.To address housing issues, it is imperative to adopt a comprehensive approach that encompasses both short-term and long-term solutions. One key aspect of addressing the issue is increasing the supply of affordable housing. This can be achieved through various measures, such as increasing investment in public housing, providing incentives for the construction of affordable units, and implementing rentcontrol measures to protect tenants from excessive rent increases. Additionally, it is crucial to regulate the real estate market to prevent excessive speculation and ensure that housing remains accessible to all.Another important aspect of addressing housing issuesis promoting social equity. This involves ensuring that everyone has equal access to decent and affordable housing, regardless of their socioeconomic status or background. This can be achieved through measures such as providing rental assistance programs, expanding access to housing cooperatives, and implementing anti-discrimination laws to protect marginalized groups from housing bias.Moreover, it is essential to address the underlying factors that contribute to housing problems, such as poverty, unemployment, and inadequate wages. By investingin education, job creation, and social welfare programs, governments can help empower individuals and families to secure stable housing.In addition to government initiatives, community-basedorganizations play a vital role in addressing housing issues. These organizations can provide direct assistanceto individuals and families in need, such as shelter, counseling, and legal aid. They can also advocate for policies that promote affordable housing and social equity.By working together, governments, community organizations, and individuals can develop and implement comprehensive solutions to address housing issues andensure that everyone has access to safe, decent, and affordable housing.中文回答：房屋问题。
房产限购政策英语作文
房产限购政策英语作文In recent years, the rapid escalation of housing prices has become a major concern for many cities around the world. To address this issue, governments have implemented housing purchase restrictions policies to regulate the real estate market and prevent speculative buying. This essay will explore the reasons behind these policies, their potential benefits, and the challenges they face.Firstly, housing purchase restrictions are often introduced to curb the overheating of the housing market. When the demand for housing outstrips supply, prices can soar to unsustainable levels, making it difficult for averagecitizens to afford a home. By limiting the number of properties an individual or family can purchase, the government aims to reduce the speculative demand that drives up prices.Secondly, these policies can help to stabilize the economy. Excessive investment in real estate can lead to economic bubbles, which, when they burst, can have disastrous effects on the wider economy. By controlling the flow of money into the housing market, governments can mitigate the risk of such bubbles forming.However, the implementation of housing purchase restrictions is not without its challenges. One of the main criticisms is that it can limit personal freedom and the right to property.Some argue that it is not the role of the government to dictate how many homes a person can own.Additionally, there is the risk that these policies could have unintended consequences. For example, they may discourage investment in the housing market, which could lead to a slowdown in construction and a reduction in the availability of housing. This could, in turn, exacerbate the problem of housing affordability.In conclusion, housing purchase restrictions are a complex policy tool that can have both positive and negative effects. While they can help to stabilize the housing market and the economy, they must be carefully designed and implemented to avoid infringing on individual rights and causing unintended economic consequences. It is crucial for policymakers to strike a balance between controlling the housing market and respecting personal freedoms.。
英语作文住房政策
英语作文住房政策Housing policies are a critical aspect of any government's agenda, as they directly impact the lives of citizens by addressing the availability, affordability, and quality of housing. In this essay, we will explore the various dimensions of housing policies, their objectives, and their implications on society.Objectives of Housing Policies1. Affordability: One of the primary goals of housing policies is to ensure that housing is affordable for all income groups. This can be achieved through subsidies, tax incentives, and the provision of low-cost housing options.2. Accessibility: Housing policies aim to make housing accessible to everyone, regardless of their location or income level. This involves zoning laws that promote mixed-income neighborhoods and public transportation systems that connect housing developments to employment centers.3. Quality: Ensuring that housing is not only affordable but also of good quality is another key objective. This includes regulations on construction standards and the provision of community amenities such as schools, parks, and healthcare facilities.4. Sustainability: With the growing concern over climatechange, sustainable housing policies are becomingincreasingly important. These policies promote energy-efficient construction, the use of renewable materials, and the integration of green spaces.Types of Housing Policies1. Public Housing: Governments may directly provide housing to low-income families through public housing programs. These are typically subsidized and managed by public agencies.2. Housing Subsidies: Financial assistance in the form of subsidies or vouchers can be provided to help families afford housing in the private market.3. Tax Incentives: Tax breaks for developers who build affordable housing or for individuals who invest in housing projects can stimulate the construction of more affordable units.4. Regulation and Zoning: Governments can implement zoning laws that require a certain percentage of new developments to be designated for affordable housing.5. Community Land Trusts: These are non-profit organizations that acquire and manage land to provide affordable housing opportunities for residents.Challenges and Solutions1. Urbanization: Rapid urbanization can lead to housingshortages and increased prices. Solutions include smart city planning, which integrates housing with employment and services, and the development of satellite cities to reduce urban density.2. Economic Disparities: Economic disparities can make housing unaffordable for many. Policies that promote economic growth and job creation, along with targeted housing subsidies, can help bridge this gap.3. Inequality: Housing policies must address inequality by ensuring that all citizens have equal access to quality housing. This may involve anti-discrimination laws and the provision of housing in diverse areas.4. Environmental Impact: Housing policies must also consider their environmental impact. Encouraging green building practices and sustainable urban development can help mitigate the effects of climate change.ConclusionHousing policies play a vital role in creating a stable and equitable society. By focusing on affordability, accessibility, quality, and sustainability, governments can ensure that housing meets the needs of their citizens while also contributing to the overall well-being of the community. It is essential for policymakers to continually evaluate and adapt their housing policies to address the evolving needs and challenges of their populations.。
02.01COUNTYASSESSORS
02.01 COUNTY ASSESSORSOverviewThis section provides an overview of the role of the county assessor. More information on this role can be found in the Property Tax Administrator’s Manual on the Department of Revenue website.Each county in the state is required to have a county assessor who is appointed by the county board of commissioners based on his or her knowledge and training in the field of property assessment and taxation. The Commissioner of Revenue must approve the appointment before it becomes effective.1A county assessor term is four years, with a new term beginning on January 1 of every fourth year after 1973 (2013, 2017 2021, 2025…). When a vacancy occurs, the county board of commissioners must fill the office for the remainder of the term, by appointment, within 90 days. During that time, the deputy assessor (or if there is no deputy, the county auditor’s appointee) will perform the functions of the assessor.2The county board may terminate the term of the county assessor at any time on charges of malfeasance, misfeasance, or nonfeasance made by the Commissioner of Revenue.3Malfeasance can be defined as wrong or illegal conduct, or an unlawful act, especially those committed by politicians or civil servants. This term is often used when a professional or public official commits an illegal act that interferes with the performance of his or her duties. An example of malfeasance would be an elected official who accepts a bribe in exchange for political favors or an assessor who intentionally undervalues a county commissioner’s house.Misfeasance can be defined as illegally performing something legal, acting improperly or illegally in performing an action that is in itself lawful, or general incompetence. This term is frequently used when a professional or public official does his job in a way that is not technically illegal but is nevertheless mistaken or wrong. Examples of misfeasance include a lawyer who is mistaken about a deadline and files an important document too late, a doctor who accidentally writes the wrong dosage on a prescription, or an assessor exempting his own house.Nonfeasance can be defined as the failure to meet legal obligations. It is the failure to perform or the complete neglect of a contractual duty. An example of nonfeasance would be an assessor who does not physically inspect properties in their jurisdiction at least once every 5 years.If the county board does not intend to reappoint a county assessor, they must present written notice to the county assessor no later than 90 days before the end of the term. If written notice is not made by this day, the county assessor will be automatically reappointed by the county board.41Minn. Stat. § 273.061, subd. 1.2Minn. Stat. § 273.061, subd. 2.3Minn. Stat. § 273.061, subd. 2.4Minn. Stat. § 273.061, subd. 2.COUNTY ASSESSORS 02.01 - 1 UP TO DATE THROUGH SESSION 2014Code of Conduct and EthicsLicensed Minnesota assessors must abide by the ethical and professional guidelines established in the Code of Conduct and Ethics developed by the Commissioner of Revenue. The Code of Conduct and Ethics can be found on the Department of Revenue’s website. The purpose of this code of conduct and ethics is to instill public confidence in property assessment and promote fairness and uniformity of assessment practices. To complement this code of conduct and ethics, an ethics seminar is required for all licensed assessors to be completed once in every four year period starting July 1, 2004.5Basic Duties of the County AssessorThe duties of the county assessor include:6▪To direct and instruct local assessors in the county to perform their duties under the laws of the state to ensure that a uniform and equalized assessment of all property in the county is attained;▪To keep the local assessors in the county advised of all changes in assessment laws and all instructions which the assessor receives from the commissioner of revenue relating to their duties; ▪To prepare and maintain a topographical land map and a land valuation map of the county, in such forms as may be prescribed by the Commissioner of Revenue, which shall be kept available in the assessor’s office for the guidance of local assessors, local boards of review, and the countyequalization board;▪To prepare, and keep available in the assessor’s office, tables showing fair average minimum and maximum market values per acre of cultivated, meadow, pasture, cutover, timber and waste lands of each township in the county;▪To regularly examine and keep on file all conveyances of land outside the corporate limits of cities of the first and second class filed with the county recorder;▪To advise and assist local boards of review and the county board of equalization as needed, in part by being familiar with values of different items of personal property and providing necessary charts, tables, comparisons and data;▪To investigate the property and submit a report regarding applications for reductions of valuation and abatements and settlements at the request of the board of county commissioners or theCommissioner of Revenue;▪To search each year for property which has been omitted from assessment in the county and report all such omissions to the county auditor;▪To regularly confer with county assessors in neighboring counties in order to uniformly assess and equalize the value of similar properties and classes of property across counties;▪To maintain a record, in conjunction with other county offices, of all transfers of property to assist in determining the proper classification of property;▪To perform appraisals, review assessments, prepare appraisal reports, and testify before any court or other body as an expert or otherwise on property in the assessor's jurisdiction;▪To exchange data on property with the Commissioner of Revenue, county assessors, and local assessors to promote more uniform assessment and review of assessment across counties;▪To make the final valuation of all property in the assessor’s jurisdiction, based on local assessor’s reported appraisals;5Minn. Stat. § 273.0755, para. (c).6Minn. Stat. § 273.061, subd. 8 to 9.COUNTY ASSESSORS 02.01 - 2 UP TO DATE THROUGH SESSION 2014▪To personally view and determine the value of any property which may be difficult for the local assessor to appraise;▪To make changes ordered by the local boards of review;▪To enter all assessments in the assessment books furnished by the county auditor;▪To prepare any items prescribed by the Commissioner of Revenue, including the Spring and Fall Mini-Abstracts, the Assessment Abstract, and the Exempt Abstract;▪To perform other duties and services pertaining to the assessment of property in the county as required by the board of county commissioners or the Commissioner of Revenue.Additionally, the county assessor must examine the appraisal records of each local assessor any time after December 1 of each year. If deficiencies in assessment with regards to quantity of or quality of work are found, the governing body of that district shall be notified. If these deficiencies are not substantially corrected after 30 days from the time of notice, the county assessor shall complete the assessment. When the assessments are completed, the local assessor shall resume the assessment function within the district.7Staff AppraisersThe county assessor may employ one or more deputies, assistants (appraisers), and clerical help in order to successfully perform the duties of the office. Appraisers must meet the qualifications set forth by the State Board of Assessors. Typically, staff appraisers will have essentially the same duties as a local assessor but are responsible for any duties assigned to the county assessor’s office, under the direction of the county assessor.8Local AssessorsLocal assessors are hired by local jurisdictions to perform the assessment in those districts.9 The duty of a local assessor is to view, appraise, and classify all property in their assessment district. The final value of all property subject to assessment and taxation shall be determined by the county assessor, and any other book work, such as mailing of valuation notices, is done by the county assessor.10In first class cities, the city assessor shall perform the duties of the county assessor. In cities with a population of 30,000 or more, the city assessor shall perform the duties of the county assessor, with the county assessor retaining his or her supervisory role as described in Minn. Stat. § 273.061, subd. 8.117Minn. Stat. § 273.064.8Minn. Stat. § 276.06.9Minn. Stat. § 273.05, subd. 1.10Minn. Stat. § 273.061, subd. 7.11Minn. Stat. § 273.063.COUNTY ASSESSORS 02.01 - 3UP TO DATE THROUGH SESSION 2014。
住房问题 英语作文
住房问题英语作文Title: Addressing Housing Issues。
Housing is a fundamental aspect of human existence, playing a pivotal role in our well-being and societal structure. However, it remains a pressing issue in many parts of the world, posing significant challenges to individuals, communities, and policymakers alike. In this essay, we will explore the complexities of housing problems and potential solutions.To begin with, one of the primary issues contributing to the housing crisis is affordability. In many urban centers, housing costs have skyrocketed, far outpacing income growth and making it increasingly difficult for individuals and families to afford decent accommodation. This situation is exacerbated by factors such as gentrification, speculative investment in real estate, and inadequate housing policies.Another critical dimension of the housing problem is homelessness. Despite efforts to address this issue, homelessness persists in various forms, ranging from people sleeping rough on the streets to families living in temporary shelters or overcrowded, substandard housing. Homelessness is often intertwined with other social issues such as poverty, mental illness, and substance abuse, making it a complex challenge to tackle.Furthermore, there is a shortage of affordable housing options, particularly for low-income households. Manycities are grappling with insufficient supply, leading to long waiting lists for public housing and a surge in informal settlements or slums. This shortage not only perpetuates housing inequality but also contributes to social instability and urban sprawl as people are forced to live farther away from city centers in search of affordable housing.In addition to affordability and availability, the quality of housing is another concern. Many individuals and families are forced to live in overcrowded or dilapidatedhousing conditions that pose health and safety risks. Issues such as inadequate sanitation, poor ventilation, and exposure to environmental hazards can have serious consequences for residents' well-being, particularly children and vulnerable populations.Addressing these housing challenges requires a multifaceted approach that combines policy interventions, community engagement, and innovative solutions. Firstly, governments must prioritize affordable housing initiatives, including subsidies, rent controls, and incentives for developers to build affordable units. Investing in social housing programs can provide stable, affordable accommodation for those in need and help alleviate homelessness.Furthermore, there needs to be a focus on urban planning and development strategies that promote inclusive and sustainable housing solutions. This involves zoning policies that encourage mixed-income neighborhoods, as well as investments in public transportation and infrastructure to reduce the reliance on car-centric urban sprawl.Moreover, efforts to rehabilitate and upgrade existing housing stock can improve living conditions and revitalize communities.In addition to government action, collaboration between various stakeholders is crucial in addressing housing issues effectively. Non-profit organizations, community groups, and private sector actors can play a significant role in providing housing support services, advocating for policy changes, and implementing innovative housing models such as cooperative housing and tiny homes.Education and awareness-raising are also essential components of any housing strategy. By raising awareness about housing rights, promoting financial literacy, and providing resources for housing assistance, individuals and communities can empower themselves to advocate for better housing conditions and navigate the complexities of the housing market.In conclusion, the housing problem is a complex and multifaceted issue that requires concerted efforts at thelocal, national, and global levels. By addressing issues of affordability, availability, and quality, and by fostering collaboration and innovation, we can work towards ensuring that everyone has access to safe, decent, and affordable housing, thereby fulfilling a basic human right andbuilding more equitable and sustainable communities.。
专升本英语作文模板住房
专升本英语作文模板住房Title: Housing。
With the rapid development of society, people's living standards have been greatly improved, and the demand for housing has become increasingly important. Housing is not only a basic necessity of life, but also a symbol of social status. Therefore, the issue of housing has become a hot topic in today's society.First and foremost, the location of housing is a crucial factor to consider. The location of a house determines its convenience and accessibility to various facilities and amenities. For example, a house located in the city center may be more convenient for work and transportation, while a house in the suburbs may offer a quieter and more peaceful living environment. The location of housing also affects its price, with houses in prime locations often commanding higher prices.In addition to location, the size and layout of housing are also important considerations. The size of a house should be suitable for the needs of the occupants, providing enough space for living, working, and leisure activities. The layout of the house should be practical and functional, with well-designed rooms and living spaces that meet the needs of the occupants. A well-planned layout can greatly enhance the comfort and livability of a house.Furthermore, the quality of housing is a key factor to consider. The quality of a house is reflected in its construction, materials, and overall condition. A well-built and well-maintained house is not only more durable and long-lasting, but also provides a better living environment for its occupants. Quality housing should be free from structural defects, dampness, and other issues that can affect the health and well-being of the occupants.Another important aspect of housing is its affordability. The cost of housing is a major concern for many people, as it can significantly impact their financial situation. Affordable housing options are essential for people of all income levels, and governmentsand organizations should work to provide affordable housing options for those in need. Affordable housing can help to reduce poverty, improve living standards, and promote social equality.In addition to the physical aspects of housing, the social and community aspects are also important considerations. Housing should be located in a safe and secure neighborhood, with access to essential services such as schools, hospitals, and shopping centers. A sense of community and belonging is also important, as it can contribute to the well-being and happiness of the residents.In conclusion, housing is a fundamental aspect of modern life, and its importance cannot be overstated. The location, size, layout, quality, affordability, and social aspects of housing are all important considerations when choosing a place to live. By carefully considering these factors, individuals can find housing that meets their needs and enhances their quality of life. Additionally, governments and organizations should work to provide affordable and high-quality housing options for all members of society, ensuring that everyone has access to safe, secure, and comfortable housing.。
英语作文住房政策
英语作文住房政策下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Housing policy is a hot topic these days. Some people think the government should provide more affordable housing for low-income families. They believe that everyone has the right to a safe and comfortable place to live. Others argue that the government should not interfere in the housing market. They believe that the market should determine the price of housing.In my opinion, the government should play a role in ensuring that everyone has access to affordable housing.It's not fair that some people have to struggle to find a place to live while others have multiple homes. The government should implement policies that make housing more affordable for everyone, regardless of their income.One way to do this is to increase funding for public housing. This would provide more options for low-income families who are struggling to find affordable housing in the private market. In addition, the government could offersubsidies to developers who build affordable housing units. This would incentivize the construction of more affordable housing options.Another important aspect of housing policy is to address homelessness. The government should invest in programs that provide support and resources to people who are homeless. This could include funding for shelters, mental health services, and job training programs. By addressing the root causes of homelessness, the government can help people get back on their feet and find stable housing.Overall, housing policy is a complex issue that requires a multifaceted approach. The government should take proactive measures to ensure that everyone has access to affordable and stable housing. This is not only a matter of fairness, but also a fundamental human right.。
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第一节.执行摘要概述1968 年《美國民权法案》第 8 条，又名联邦《公平住房法案》（Federal Fair Housing Act），禁止因种族、肤色、宗教信仰或原国籍而在购买、出售或出租住房时产生歧视。
1970 年代性别获列入受保护的阶层。
1988 年，《公平住房修正法》（Housing Amendments Act）将家庭状况和残疾纳入名单，合共有7 个阶层受联邦政府保护。
联邦公平住房法规主要由以下三种美国法案组成：1.《公平住房法案》，2.《公平住房修正法》，及3.《美国残疾人法案》（Americans with Disabilities Act，ADA）。
公平住房法案旨在保护一个人在拥有、出售、购买或出租住房时有权免受歧视，确保每个人有平等机会获得住房。
1959 年，加利福尼亚州通过了《公平就业与住房法》（Fair Employment and Housing Law），涵盖了与联邦法律相同的受保护阶层。
加州受保护的阶层包括种族、肤色、祖先/原国籍、宗教、残疾、性别、性取向、性别认同、遗传信息、婚姻状况、家庭状况和收入来源。
公平住房评估进一步规管公平住房是美国住房和城市发展部（HUD）的住房和社区发展计划的长期任务之一。
这些规定源自联邦《公平住房法案》第808(e)(5) 节，该法要求HUD 部长以坚定促进公平住房的态度管理联邦住房和城市发展计划。
1994 年，HUD 发表了一项规定，将住房和社区发展计划合并为单一计划过程。
这个举措将“社区发展整体补助金”（Community Development Block Grant，CDBG）、“房屋投资合作伙伴”（HOME Investment Partnerships，HOME）、“紧急庇护所补助金”（Emergency Shelter Grants，ESG）1和“艾滋病患者住房机会”（Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS，HOPWA）计划归入“住房和社区发展综合计划”，成为一个申请周期。
作为综合规划过程的一部分及资格，直接从 HUD 以公式分配获得资金的社区需提交 HUD 认证，以证明他们会“坚定促进公平住房”（Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing，AFFH）。
洛杉矶县社区发展委员会（Community Development Commission of the County of Los Angeles，CDC）和洛杉矶县房屋管理局（Housing Authority of the County of Los Angeles，HACoLA）已共同合作准备、执行、并向 HUD 提交其 AFFH 认证，“障碍分析”（Analysis of Impediments, AI）中将介绍这份认证。
障碍分析在 2017 年10月完成并提交“公平住房评估”（AFH）后，HUD 于 2018 年 1 月 5 日发布了一道新规定。
该规定通知计划参与者，HUD 将停止审查目前正在审查的障碍分析。
从即日起，综合规划计划参与者必须继续遵守现有的持续义务，坚定促进公平住房。
在综合规划计划参与1 “紧急庇护所补助金”在 2011 年易名为“应急拨款计划”。
者被要求提交障碍分析之前，它将继续根据 2015 年 8 月 17 日之前的要求提供 AFFH 综合计划认证。
新规定已包括在本文件的第 III 节之附件内。
由于 CDC 和 HACoLA 已经提交障碍分析进行审查，但尚未被 HUD 接受，CDC 和 HACoLA 正使用公平住房评估框架去展开公平住房选择障碍分析，以满足AFFH要求。
由于这份障碍分析（AI）最初是以公平住房评估（AI）开发的，因此本文件可能一直被称为AI或AI。
机构说明以下机构和计划在本障碍分析中占据重要位置，因此在下面简要概述。
社区发展委员会1982年，洛杉矶县监事会合并了三个单位：房屋管理局、社区发展部、和重建机构，组成社区发展委员会（CDC）。
现时，CDC 由两个独立的法人实体组成，即洛杉矶县房屋管理局（房屋管理局）和 CDC，这两个都是县的一部分，但均为独立机构而非县部门。
监事会目前担任 CDC 的委员，包括担任洛杉矶县房屋管理局（房屋管理局）的委员，为机构制定政策。
该机构的住宅委员会每月在整个县内不同地点举行会议，并将收取的建议交予住宅委員会。
住宅委员会由监事会委员和房屋管理局的租户组成，负责就提交至郡政委員会批准的事项（包括第 8 条和公共住房政策和程序）进行审查并提出建议。
虽然加利福尼亚州于 2012 年 2 月解散了所有重建机构，但 CDC 继续担任服务洛杉矶县的经济适用住房、社区和经济发展机构。
CDC 旗下的广泛计划有利于洛杉矶县非建制地区的居民和企业主，以及各个参与了不同 CDC 计划的城市（这些城市被称为“参与城市”）。
县内一千多万居民中，约有一百万人居住在非建制地区。
逾70% 的CDC 资金来自美国住房和城市发展部（HUD）。
该机构的四个主要活动领域为补贴住房、住房发展及保存、社区发展和经济发展。
在2017-2018 财政年度，该机构的预算为4.57 亿美元，员工总人数为 580 人。
市县（Urban County）计划描述CDC 是综合计划的牵头机构，负责管理该县的 CDBG、HOME 计划，而洛杉矶无家可归者服务管理局（LAHSA）则负责为 CDC 管理 ESG 计划。
CDC 由多个部门组成，每个部门都有自己的权限与职责。
最直接参与执行市县住房和社区发展策略的部门包括社区发展、经济和住房发展、协助住房和住房管理。
作为“洛杉矶合资格大都市统计区”（EMSA）的最大城市，洛杉矶市负责管理HIV 感染者/艾滋病患者住房机会（HOPWA）计划。
CDC 透过参与洛杉矶县HOPWA 咨询委员会协助管理该计划。
该委员会向洛杉矶市就确认 HIV 感染者/艾滋病患者的需求和优先事项提供建议。
公共住房计划和第 8 条洛杉矶县房屋管理局（房屋管理局）在洛杉矶县服务，管理第8 条住房选择券和公共房屋计划。
目前，第 8 条住房选择券项目通过与逾 13,000 位房东的合作，帮助约 23,000 个家庭。
公共住房计划在洛杉矶县管理 3,229 个公共房屋和其他经济适用房。
公共住房计划公共住房是指房屋管理局拥有或经营的特定发展项目，直接向家庭出租单位。
第条计划第8 条计划提供以租户为本的援助。
参与者寻找他们自己租赁的住房，并支付部分收入用于租金。
服务地区本障碍分析所涵盖的地区包括由洛杉矶县社区发展委员会（CDC）、社区发展整体补助金（CDBG）服务的区域，以及由洛杉矶县房屋管理局（HACoLA）服务的区域，在这份障碍分析中被称为“服务地区”。
此外，这两个单位由美国住房和城市发展部提供资金。
即使合在一起，这些单位也不服务整个县市；由CDC承担但没有获取联邦资金的的其他发展活动，则可能在全县范围内分配，这些是本障碍分析为实现公平住房目标而采取的策略之一。
为了进一步解释服务地区的定义，CDC 为其 CDBG 计划设立了指定市县。
这指定市县代表县内 47 个小城市，如下表I.1所示表 I.1另外，市县还有一些人口普查指定地点（CDP），或县内非建制地区（如下页表I.3 所示），以及其他非 CDP 的非建制地区。
这总共只约占全县人口的20％。
第[?]页的地图 I.1 显示参与城市、非建制人口普查指定地点及其他市县服务地区的非建制区。
这地图也涵盖了市县内的“种族或民族聚集的贫困地区”（R/ECAPs）。
表 I.2 显示市县的 R/ECAPs，而紧随其后的Error! Reference source not found.介绍了市县的公平住房目标、问题和建议成就。
表 I.2I. 执行摘要公平住房选择的障碍／影响因素和目标下表列出已确认为与市县和HACoLA 服务地区有关的公平住房问题的障碍。
这些问题按照以下标准排列优先等级：1.高：会对公平住房选择有直接和实质影响的障碍/影响因素，尤其是在R/ECAP 地区，影响住房和殘疾人士，并为 HACoLA 或 CDC 的核心职能。
2.中：会对公平住房选择有直接和实质影响的障碍/影响因素，尤其是在R/ECAP 地区，影响住房和殘疾人士，並为 HACoLA 或 CDC 的核心职能，但 CDC 或 HACoLA 可能僅有有限的能力产生重大影响，或者可能不在 HACoLA 或 CDC 的核心职能范围内。
3.低：可能会对公平住房选择有直接和实质影响的障碍/影响因素，，但不在HACoLA或 CDC 的核心职能范围内，或是这些组织的能力范围内不能产生重大影响，或不针对R/ECAP 社区，或对公平住房只有轻微或大致上间接的影响。
下表列出已确认与公平住房问题有关的障碍/影响因素。
这些影响因素的优先等级与CDC 和HACoLA 解决公平住房问题的能力有关。
优先等级低并不减少该因素在市县或 HACoLA 的服务地区的重要性，僅僅反映解决公平住房问题的优先等级。
∙隔离∙种族或民族聚集的贫困地区（R/ECAPs）∙获得机会的差距∙不均衡的住房需要∙歧视，或违反民权法或与住房相关法规I. 执行摘要以下所有目标和行动的一般政策声明。
遵守联邦无障碍标准由于洛杉矶县和HACoLA 均获得联邦援助，所有项目和活动（包括以下目标中的项目和内容）都包含在《康复法案》第 504 节和 HUD 在外交关系委员会（CFR）第 24 文案第 8 部分的实施法规中。
因此，洛杉矶县和 HACoLA 将遵守第 504 节的义务，包括在所有资助房屋（不只是经济适用住房）和所有项目中遵守无障碍要求。
为符合第504 节的规定，作为县和HACoLA 项目的一部分的住房及其他设施的设计、建造或改建将符合《联邦统一无障碍标准》（UFAS），或2010 年《美国残疾人法案》的无障碍设计标准，某些特定的条款除外，详见HUD 的认定须知：http：///fdsys/pkg/FR-2014-05-23/pdf/2014-11844.pdf。
第504 节条款要求至少有5％的住宅单位适用于行动障碍者和另外2％的居住单元以及公共区域适用于感官障碍者，以符合《联邦统一无障碍标准》和/或HUD 住房与城市发展部门的认定须知。
此外，作为公共实体的县和 HACoLA 将遵守《美国残疾人法案》的第 II 条和其在外交关系委员会第 28 文案第 35 部分的实施法规。
2010 年《美国残疾人法案》无障碍设计标准（2010 年《美国残疾人法案》标准）也将用于新建筑、改建、以及截至 2012 年 3 月 15 日现有设施的残疾人通道情况。
《美国残疾人法案》的第 504 节和第 II 条也有县和 HACoLA 将遵循的项目要求。