Knights Code of Chivalry
骑士精神 英文
The End
Squire
• Ages 12-15
• Served a knight • Learned to fight in battle • An experience squire helped his knight in tournaments and battle
Knighthood Ceremony
• Some squires were knighted on the battlefield • Most were knighted in a special ceremony
Knighthood Ceremony
• Bathed and dressed in a set of new clothes • Fasted and prayed through the night • Went to a religious service in the morning • Knelt before his master and was tapped on the shoulder with the flat side of a sword
Code of Chivalry
What is the Code of Chivalry?
• An unwritten code knights were
suon the Christian
faith
Characteristics of a Chivalric Knight
1. Fair Play
2. Valor 3. Honor 4. Courtesy
5. Loyalty
6. Largesse 7. Piety
Ethical Duties of a Chivalric Knight
有关侠义精神的英语作文
有关侠义精神的英语作文Title: The Spirit of Chivalry。
Chivalry, a concept deeply rooted in history and literature, embodies the noble qualities of courage, honor, and selflessness. Its essence transcends time and culture, representing a universal ideal of virtuous conduct. In this essay, we delve into the significance of chivalry and its relevance in today's world.First and foremost, chivalry epitomizes courage in the face of adversity. Knights of old were revered not only for their prowess in battle but also for their unwavering bravery in defending the weak and upholding justice. This spirit of fearlessness continues to inspire individuals today to confront challenges with resilience and determination, whether it be standing up against injustice or overcoming personal obstacles.Moreover, chivalry underscores the importance of honorand integrity. In the medieval code of chivalry, knights pledged to uphold certain moral principles, including loyalty, honesty, and humility. These values remain as relevant today as they were centuries ago, serving as guiding principles for ethical behavior and responsible citizenship. In a world plagued by moral ambiguity, the adherence to principles of honor becomes all the more crucial in fostering trust and respect among individuals and communities.Furthermore, chivalry emphasizes the virtue of selflessness and service to others. Knights were expected to prioritize the needs of others above their own and to champion the cause of the downtrodden. This altruisticspirit is exemplified in acts of kindness, compassion, and generosity towards those less fortunate. In a society often characterized by self-interest and materialism, embracing the spirit of chivalry reminds us of the inherent dignity and worth of every individual and calls us to extend a helping hand to those in need.Additionally, chivalry promotes the ideals of fairnessand justice. Knights were bound by a code of conduct that required them to treat all people with respect and to uphold the principles of equity and fairness. This commitment to justice continues to resonate today, as we strive to build a society that is inclusive, equitable, and just for all its members. By standing up against discrimination, oppression, and inequality, we honor the legacy of chivalry and work towards a better and more compassionate world.In conclusion, the spirit of chivalry encompasses courage, honor, selflessness, and justice, serving as a timeless ideal that inspires individuals to lead lives of virtue and purpose. In a world marked by uncertainty and division, the principles of chivalry offer a beacon of hope and a blueprint for ethical living. By embracing these ideals in our thoughts, words, and actions, we can uphold the legacy of chivalry and make a positive difference in the world around us.。
中世纪西欧社会与经济 第五章 等级与社会
一、三个等级：祈祷者、作战者、劳作者 二、社会边缘 三、主流与边缘、封闭与流动
一、三个等级：祈祷者、作战者、劳作者
those who work, those who fight , and those who pray.
（二）作战者 1、一名骑士是怎样炼成的 何为骑士制度？学徒生涯、受封、骑士的装备、比武 大会、骑士爱情 “Chivalry”一词就其历史上的用途而言，词义可归结 为四个： 首先，被用来指武装起来、准备去战斗的一群骑兵。其 次，用来指抽象意义上的骑士身份或头衔 （knighthood）,同时也表明一名骑士的地位或品质。 第三，在技术的层面上或封建的意义上指“骑士的服役 期限”。在此时间内，骑士必须为领主履行一些高尚的 军事义务。第四，在更广泛的意义上被用来涵盖中世纪 后期的整个骑士制度，包括它特有的宗教、道德、社会 规范与风俗等。
骑士文学
骑士文学分为骑士抒情诗 和骑士传奇两类。它们都讴歌 骑士的爱情生活，主要表现为 对贵妇人的爱慕和崇拜。 12～13 世纪的骑士抒情诗 ，在法国普罗旺斯浪漫抒情诗 人的诗歌中，达到鼎盛时期。 其中以破晓歌最为有名，主要 叙述了骑士和贵妇人在破晓时 刻分离的情景。此外，还有描 述骑士追求牧羊女的牧歌，吟 唱诗人与恋人悲欢离合的情歌 、夜歌和怨歌等。 骑士传奇也称骑士叙事诗，是 骑士文学中流传最广，影响最 大的一种形式。它的创作中心 在法国北方，题材大多写骑士 为了爱情、荣誉或宗教，表现 出一种冒险游侠的精神。 《罗兰之歌》、《熙德之 歌》、《尼伯龙根之歌》和《 伊格尔远征记》，但这类史诗 是欧洲各民族高度封建化以后 的产物。
贵族的等级
公爵duke：公爵的封号是贵族 中的第一等级。 公爵最初是给予那些部落首领 的，如士瓦本公爵、萨克森公爵 、勃艮第公爵等。他们在没有被 征服或归附之前往往是一方之王 ，后来虽成为国家的一部分，但 仍然保有相当大的自治权利。 法国诺曼底公爵本是诺曼人侵 占塞纳河下游之后国王不得不承 认其统治而授予的。后来许多国 家的国王在建国或即位之后，往 往分封一些新公爵。 英国的公爵则出现更晚，一般 只有王室的直系子弟才授予公爵 位。
骑士精神的英文作文
骑士精神的英文作文英文：As a knight, the spirit of chivalry is deeply ingrained in my being. It is not just a code of conduct, but a way of life. The knight's code of honor dictates that one shouldbe brave, loyal, courteous, and true to one's word. These values have been passed down through generations of knights, and they continue to inspire me to this day.One of the most important aspects of the knight's codeis bravery. A knight must be willing to face danger and adversity with courage and determination. This means standing up for what is right, even when it is difficult or unpopular. I remember a time when I stood up to a group of bullies who were harassing a young boy. It was not an easy thing to do, but I knew it was the right thing. My bravery inspired others to stand up as well, and soon the bullies were no longer a problem.Another key value of chivalry is loyalty. A knight must be true to his word and loyal to his friends and allies. This means standing by them in times of trouble and supporting them in their endeavors. I once had a friend who was going through a difficult time. I stood by him and helped him through his struggles. My loyalty to him strengthened our bond, and he has remained a close friend ever since.Courtesy is also an important part of the knight's code.A knight must be polite and respectful to all people, regardless of their social status or background. This means treating others with kindness and consideration, and always striving to be a gentleman. I remember a time when I heldthe door open for an elderly woman who was struggling to carry her groceries. She thanked me and told me that I reminded her of her late husband, who was also a gentleman. It was a small act of courtesy, but it made a bigdifference in her day.Finally, a knight must be true to his word. This means keeping promises and fulfilling obligations, even when itis difficult or inconvenient. I once made a promise to a friend that I would help him move to a new apartment. When the day came, I was feeling sick and tired, but I knew I had to keep my promise. I showed up and helped him move, and he was grateful for my help.In conclusion, the spirit of chivalry is a way of life for me as a knight. It inspires me to be brave, loyal, courteous, and true to my word. These values have helped me to become a better person, and I hope to pass them on to future generations of knights.中文：作为一名骑士，骑士精神已经深深地扎根于我的内心。
英语介绍骑士的作文
英语介绍骑士的作文Title: The Knight: A Symbol of Chivalry and Honor。
In the annals of history, the knight stands as a timeless symbol of chivalry, valor, and honor. Clad in shining armor, wielding a sword with unwavering resolve, the knight epitomizes the virtues of bravery, loyalty, and service to one's lord. Through the ages, the image of the knight has captivated hearts and minds, inspiring tales of heroism and adventure.At the heart of knighthood lies the code of chivalry, a set of moral and ethical principles that guide the actions of knights in their quest for justice and righteousness. Central to this code is the concept of courage, the willingness to confront danger and adversity with fortitude and determination. Whether charging into battle against formidable foes or standing steadfast in the face of overwhelming odds, the knight exemplifies the courage that defines true heroism.Moreover, the knight is bound by a sense of duty and loyalty to his lord and liege. In feudal society, knights pledged their allegiance to a noble lord in exchange for land and protection. This bond of fealty compelled knights to defend their lord's honor, uphold the laws of the realm, and safeguard the welfare of the realm's inhabitants. Through their unwavering loyalty, knights became the stalwart defenders of justice and order in a chaotic world.Yet, beyond their martial prowess, knights were also expected to embody the ideals of compassion and humility. Despite their elevated status in society, knights were admonished to treat all individuals with kindness and respect, regardless of their station or background. Indeed, the true measure of a knight's worth was not found in the gleam of his armor or the sharpness of his sword, butrather in the generosity of his spirit and the nobility of his character.In the realm of literature and legend, the figure of the knight has been immortalized in tales of romance andadventure. From the valiant deeds of King Arthur's Knights of the Round Table to the epic exploits of the legendarySir Lancelot, the stories of knights have captured the imagination of audiences for centuries. These tales serve as a testament to the enduring appeal of the knight as a symbol of honor and virtue.In conclusion, the knight represents the epitome of chivalry and honor in the annals of history. Through their bravery, loyalty, and compassion, knights embody the noblest aspirations of humanity. Though the age of chivalry may have passed into history, the legacy of the knight continues to inspire us to uphold the highest ideals of courage, integrity, and service to others.。
罗马教皇当选年度人物
驰名世界的细菌学创始人，法国生物学家巴斯德说 ：“承认上帝的存在，这是信心......如果我们有了这 种信心,就不能不对上帝跪下敬拜”!大数学家高斯说 ：“微小的学识使人远离上帝，广博的学识使人接近 上帝”。事实上现代科学的基础是由一些基督徒学者 建立起来的。据盖洛普曾对过去300年300位最著名 科学家的信仰进行的调查，其中38人因无法查明其 信仰而不计以外，其余262位科学家中不信上帝的 有20位，占总数的百分之八。信上帝者则有242人 占百分之九十二。甚至全世界最具影响力的十大科 学家全都是信上帝治
从天主教发展的脉络来看，天 主教从成立之处就没有放弃过追求 政治影响力。 教会追求政治力量和教皇当选 又有什么联系呢？现在的教会虽有 同一个信仰，但缺少一个标杆性人 物，那就是教皇。教皇在主流媒体 上已经消失很久了，教会需要全世
豪尔赫· 马里奥· 贝尔格 里奥（西班牙语： Jorge Mario Bergoglio， 拉丁语：Georgius Marius Bergoglio）， 天主教第266任教宗， 于2013年3月13日晚当 选，取名号为方济各， 现年76岁。他原任阿根 庭首都布宜诺斯艾利斯 总主教，是第一位耶稣 会教宗，也是第一位拉 丁美洲教宗。意大利裔 阿根廷人，是首位于美 洲与南半球出身，继额 我略三世后1200年来首 位非欧洲出身教皇，以 及首位出自耶稣会的教 皇。
综上，我们从教皇当选年度风 云人物能看到什么？我看到的是一 个以前被我们忽略的团体正在慢慢 显露出自己的实力，在未来的国际 大棋局中教会将是一个十分重要且 又十分特殊的棋子。
天主教徒集中度最高的地区是拉美地区，占了大约39%。 在其兴起的欧洲只占24%，撒哈拉沙漠以南非洲占了16%， 亚洲占了12%，北美占了8%。天主教信徒最多的5个国家 是巴西（超过了1.25亿）、墨西哥（9600万）、菲律宾和 美国（各约7500万）和意大利（大约5000万）。
最新欧洲中世纪英文版(The-middle-age)
Political and Religion
Feudalism
1. The Manor (封建领主的）领地、庄园
2. Knighthood (骑兵身份)and code of Chivalry( 骑兵制度)
Religion
1. The organization of church
2.The power and influence of the Catholic Church
Gothic art
THE ECONOMY IN MIDDLE AGE
• Nature economy
The economic religion : Mediterranean sea
PEOPLE’S LIFE IN THE MIDDLE AGE
PEOPLE’S LIFE IN THE MIDDLE AGE
欧洲中世纪英文版(Themiddle-age)
General Introduction Political and Religion aspects Culture and Art aspects
People’s life in the Middle Ages
TIME
The fall of the Western Roman Empire The British bourgeois revolution broke out
THE ART AND ECONOMY IN MIDDLE AGES
THE ART IN MIDDLE AGE Byza•nTthienaert oaf rmtiddle aRgeomisabnasneedsoqnureligaiorntto show
the concept of feelings and ideas.
小升初英语作文范文：Familytradition
【导语】常见的英语作⽂类型分为议论⽂、图表⽂、记叙⽂、应⽤⽂等，不同类型⽂章的写作要求上相同，考场写法也有相通点。
以下是⽆忧考整理的《⼩升初英语作⽂范⽂：Family tradition》，希望帮助到您。
【篇⼀】 Family tradition? I think you can talk about how your family has a set of rules which core values are similar to the Knights Code of Chivalry during the middle ages. Focusing on how you are restricted to do certain things such as going back home before ten at night... Also, you can touch on your family's belief, for instance, religion and culture.【篇⼆】 I am a middle school student.My parents are very strict with me.I have to get up at 6:00 a.m. every day. I have to do sports four times a week.I am not allowed to watch TV or play computer games on school days.I must go to bed before 9:00 p.m. What's more,I have to clean the room every weekend by hand. What a terrible life!【篇三】 My parents are very strict. Because I have so many family rules. For example, I can't go out with my friends at school nights. On weekends, I have to go home before nine p.m. It's strict, but i think it's necessary. And I must finish my homework in time. I can't play computer games. I have to wash clothes by myself. I have to get up at six o'clock every morning. And I have to be in bed by ten o'clock. Thanks to these rules. I can live health. But I think to be in bed by ten o'clock is unfair! Students need nine hours sleep! And I think play some computer games is not badly. So I think the family rules can make some change.。
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Why did the Roman Empire collapse?1.Decline in patriotism.itary run by mercenaries3.Class warfare (rich vs poor)4.Economic decline (decline of trade, high inflation, expensive to defendempire).Barbarian Invasions (476 A.D. Sack of Rome, ends Roman Empire)Britain – Angles and SaxonsGaul (France) – Franks and BurgundiansItaly – Ostrogoths and VisigothsSpain – Vandals and VisigothsWhy is this period called the Middle Ages?Why is the period from 476 A.D. to 1000 A.D. called the dark ages?3 types of people in the Middle Ages:1.Those who pray (Pope, Bishops, Monks)2.Those who fight (Nobles and Knights)3.Those who work (Peasant farmers)What is Chivalry?What were the Crusades?What were indulgences?Knights Code of ChivalryA knight was expected to have not only the strength and skills to face combat in the violent Middle Ages but was also expected to temper this aggressive side of a knight with a chivalrous side to his nature. There was not an authentic Knights Code of Chivalry as such - it was a moral system which went beyond rules of combat and introduced the concept of Chivalrous conduct - qualities idealized by knighthood, such as bravery, courtesy, honor, and gallantry toward women.The Knights Code of Chivalry and the vows of KnighthoodThe Knights Code of Chivalry described in the Song of Roland and an excellent representation of the Knights Codes of Chivalry are as follows:▪To fear God and maintain His Church▪To serve the liege lord in valour and faith▪To protect the weak and defenceless▪To give succour to widows and orphans▪To refrain from the wanton giving of offence▪To live by honour and for glory▪To despise pecuniary reward▪To fight for the welfare of all▪To obey those placed in authority▪To guard the honour of fellow knights▪To eschew unfairness, meanness and deceit▪To keep faith▪At all times to speak the truth▪To persevere to the end in any enterprise begun▪To respect the honour of women▪Never to refuse a challenge from an equal▪Never to turn the back upon a foeCourtly LoveThe romance of Courtly Love practised during the Middle Ages was combined with the Code of Chivalry. There were strict rules of courtly love and the art of courtly love was practised by the members of the courts across Europe during the Middle Ages. The romance, rules and art of courtly love allowed knights and ladies to show their admiration regardless of their marital state. It was a common occurrence for a married lady to give a token to a knight of her choice to be worn during a Medieval tournament. There were rules which governed courtly love but sometimes the parties, who started their relationship with such elements of courtly love, would become deeply involved. A famous example of a relationship which was stirred by romantic courtly love and romance is described in the Legend of King Arthur, where his Queen, Guinevere fell in love with Sir Lancelot. Many illicit court romances were fuelled by the practise and art of courtly love.The Crusades - What were the Crusades?The Crusades were a series of Holy Wars launched by the Christian states of Europe against the Saracens. The term 'Saracen' was the word used to describe a Moslem during the time of the Crusades. The Crusades started in 1095 when Pope Claremont preached the First Crusade at the Council of Claremont. The Pope's preaching led to thousands immediately affixing the cross to their garments - the name Crusade given to the Holy Wars came from old French word 'crois' meaning 'cross'. The Crusades were great military expeditions undertaken by the Christian nations of Europe for the purpose of rescuing the holy places of Palestine from the hands of the Mohammedans. They were eight in number, the first fourbeing sometimes called the Principal Crusades, and the remaining four the Minor Crusades.What was the Cause for the Crusades?The reason for the crusades was a war between Christians and Moslems which centered around the city of Jerusalem. The City of Jerusalem held a Holy significance to the Christian religion. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem commemorated the hill of crucifixion and the tomb of Christ's burial and was visited by Pilgrims. In 1065 Jerusalem was taken by the Turks and 3000 Christians were massacred starting a chain of events which contributed to the cause of the crusades.What were the Objectives of the Crusades?The Objectives of the crusades was at first to release the Holy Land, in particular Jerusalem, from the Saracens, but in time was extended to seizing Spain from the Moors, the Slavs and Pagans from eastern Europe, and the islands of the Mediterranean.。