departure and climb
民航陆空英语通话范例
昆明地面，早上好， CES-747（东方拐四拐），机型737，申请停机位。
Kunming ground, good morning, China eastern 747, type Boeing 737, request for a parkingCES-747，停机位A3，准备好报告Roger, gate A3, report when ready, China eastern 747地面，CES-747，停机位A3到位了，计划已提交Ground, Chinaeastern 747, gate A3, flight plan SubmittedCES-747，雷达已识别，联系放行，再见China eastern 747, radar contact, contactdelivery on , good day联系放行，再见，CES-747Contactdelivery on , good day, China eastern 747联系放行：昆明放行，CES-747，停机位A3，去虹桥，申请放行Kunming delivery, China eastern 747 on gate A3, request clearance to Shanghai hongqiaoCES-747，可以沿计划航路飞行至上海浦东，起飞跑道21，SL-2D（马过河两号）离港，起始上升修正海压3000保持，修正海压1016，应答机6431，离场，巡航高度9500CES-747, cleared to Shanghai airport as filed,cruising level 9500 meters, departure runway 21, Sierra Lima 2 Delta departure,initially climb and maintain 3000 meters on QNH, QNH 1016, departure frequency willbe ,squawk 6431.可以沿计划航路飞行至上海，起飞跑道21，SL-2D离场，起始上升修正海压3000保持，修正海压1016，应答机6431，离地联系，巡航高度9500，CES-747Cleared toShanghai airport as filed, cruising level 9500 meters, departure runway 21,Sierra Lima 2 Delta departure, initially climb and maintain 3000 meters on QNH1016, call when airborne, squawk 6431, China eastern 747CES-747复述正确，准备好叫China eastern 747, read back is correct,report when ready.准备好叫，CES-747Report when ready, China eastern 747.放行，CES-747，停机位A3，完全准备好了，请求推开Delivery, Chinaeastern 747, ready for push-backCES-747，联系地面，再见China eastern 747, contact Ground on ,good day.地面，再见，CES-747Contact Ground on , bye,China eastern747地面推开及滑行：昆明地面，CES-747，停机位A3，申请推开Kunming Ground, China eastern 747 on gate A3, request push-back.CES-747，地面，稍等推开，离港排队CES-747, Ground, standby push-back due to flow control.收到，CES-747Roger, China eastern747.CES-747，地面China eastern747,Ground.CES-747，你好请讲China eastern747,go-aheadCES-747可以推出开车，跑道21号China eastern747,cleared for push-back and start-up runway 21.可以推出开车，CES-747Push-back and start-up approved, runway 21, China eastern747.地面，CES-747，推出完毕，请求滑出Ground, China eastern747,request taxi.CES-747，可以沿C滑行，在A外稍等一下，A上有经过M滑进K8的，是祥鹏的320，注意避让一下China eastern747,cleared for taxi to runway 21 by C, hold short of A, there's a Lucky-air A320is taxing on A, by M to K8.沿C在A外等待，CES-747Taxi by C andhold short of A, China eastern747.祥鹏320目视了，CES-747Have the Lucky-air A320 in sight, China eastern747.CES-747，收到了，在A外等待China eastern747，roger, hold short before A.CES-747，左转A继续滑行，跑道21等待点等待China eastern747,turn left to A and continue taxi, hold short of runway 21.左转A继续滑行，跑道21等待点等待，CES-747Turn left Aand continue taxi, hold short of runway 21, China eastern747CES-747，A继续滑行，联系塔台再见China eastern747,continue taxi, contact tower , good day，再见，东方747, China eastern747,bye塔台部分：塔台，早上好，CES-747，A滑行Tower, good morning, China eastern747, taxi on A.CES-747，塔台，早上好，A继续滑行跑道21号等待点等待China eastern747, tower, good morning, continue taxi and hold short of runway 21.A继续滑行跑道21号等待点等待，CES-747Continue taxi and hold short of runway 21, China eastern747.CES-747，等待点继续等待，5边有多架落地China eastern747, hold at the hold position, few aircrafts on final.收到，等待点继续等待，CES-747Roger, hold at the hold position, China eastern747.CES-747，短五边飞机落地后进入跑道21号China eastern747, after the aircraft on final has touched down, line up runway 21.进入跑道21号，CES-747After the aircraft on final has touched down, line up runway 21, CES-747.CES-747，跑到内等待China eastern747, lining up on the runwayCES-747，对正跑道后可以起飞，地面风220,8米，阵风14，修压1016，离地联系，再见China eastern747, cleared for takeoff runway 21, surface wind 220 degrees at 8 meters per second, gusting14 meters, QNH1016, contact departure when airborne, good day.可以起飞，离地自主脱波，再见，CES-747Cleared for takeoff, contact departure when airborne, good day China eastern747.离场部分：昆明进近早上好，CES-747，21跑道起飞了，通过2100上升高度3000Kunming approach, good morning, China eastern747, runway 21 airborned, passing 2100m for 3000m.CES-747，昆明进近雷达已识别，上升高度4200保持China eastern747, Kunming Approach radar contact, climb and maintain 4200 meters.上高度4200，CES-747Climb and maintain 4200m, China eastern747.进近，CES-747到达4200了Approach, China eastern747 Approaching 4200m.CES-747，稍等上升，由于间隔China eastern747standby for climb, due to separation.收到，CES-747Roger, China eastern747.进近，CES-747请求继续上升Approach, China eastern747 request for higher.CES-747再稍等一分钟China eastern747, maintain your present level for 1 minute.收到，CES-747Roger, China eastern747.CES-747，继续上升到标准气压6300保持China eastern747,climb and maintain 6300 meters on standard.上标压6300，CES-747Climb and maintain 6000 meters, China eastern747.CES-747，联系区调再见China eastern747,contact control on , bye.联系区调再见，CES-747Control , bye-bye, China eastern747.区调部分：昆明区调，早上好， CES-747，通过6100上升6300，听你指挥Kunming Control good morning, China eastern747, passing 6100m for 6300m, with you.CES-747，昆明区调雷达已识别，继续上升高度8900保持China eastern747, Kunming Control radar identified, climb and maintain 8900.继续上8900保持，CES-747Climb and maintain 8900m, China eastern747.CES-747，联系高空再见CES-747, contact control on , good day.再见，CES-747switching, CES-747, bye.昆明你好，CES-747，高度8900，听你指挥Kunming good morning, China eastern747on 8900, with you.CES-747，继续上升高度9500保持CES-747， continue your climb to 9500.上9500，CES-747Climb and maintain 9500, China eastern747CES-747，航路左侧偏置3nmChina eastern747, offset 3 miles, left of track.左偏3海里，CES-747offset 3miles, left of track, China eastern747.CES-747联系贵阳再见China eastern747,contact Guiyang on , good-bye.联系贵阳再见Guiyang on , bye-bye, China eastern747.贵阳早上好，CES-747，高度9500，听你指挥Guiyang good morning, China eastern747,maintain 9500m, with you.CES-747，贵阳区调雷达已识别，保持高度，取消偏置，回归航路China eastern747, Guiyang, radar contact, maintain present level, cancel the offset, back to your assigned track.取消偏置，保持高度，CES-747Cancel the offset and maintain present level, China eastern747.（中间区调部分省略）CES-747雷达服务终止，联系上海区调，再见China eastern747， radar service terminated, contact Shanghai Control, good day.联系上海区调，再见，CES-747上海区调，CES-747，高度9500，距离MADUK5海里，听你指挥Shanghai Control, China eastern747 on level 9500m, 5 miles to MADUK, with you.CES-747，上海区调雷达已识别，自主领航China eastern747, Shanghai Control, radar identifiied, maintain own navigation.自主领航，CES-747Own navigation, China eastern747.CES-747，区调China eastern747, Shanghai Control.CES-747，请讲Chinaeastern747 go ahead.CES-747由于浦东方面有雷雨和强风，浦东机场当前关闭，你现在可以选择在GS点做盘旋等待，或者落备降China eastern747, due to the severe thunderstorm and strong wind in Shanghai, Shanghai Pudong airport is currently closed. You have two options, make a hold at Golf Sierra, or divert to another near-by airport.稍等，CES-747Stand-by,China eastern747上海区调，CES-747叫ShanghaiControl, CES-747CES-747请讲China eastern747, Control, go ahead.CES-747，我们还是选择等待航线吧Chinaeastern747 perfer the hold pattern.CES-747，调速270，加入GS等待，右航线，China eastern747, reduce your speed to 270 knots, enter the right turn hold at Golf Sierra on heading 100, 15miles leg, until futher advise.Rightturn hold at Golf Sierra on heading 100 with 15 miles leg, 280 knots reducing,China eastern747.CES-747，取消等待，下降到7500，回归航线飞VMBChina eastern747, exit the hold when finishthis pattern, descend and maintain 7500 meter and own navigation to Victor MikeBravo.取消等待，回归航线飞向VMB，下7500，CES-747Exiting the hold and continue proceed own navigation to Victor Mike Bravo, descend and maintain 7500, China eastern747.CES-747，注意在你11点钟方向，6000米，距你22公里，空客340，目视报告China eastern747,caution the traffic at your11 o' clock, decenting 6000 meters, 22 kilometres, Airbus 340, report when traffic insight.目视了，CES-747Traffic insight, China eastern747.CES-747，下降到4500，下降率2000China eastern747，descend and maintain4500 meters, with 2000 feet per minute下4500，下降率2000，CES-747Descend and maintain 4500 meters with 2000 feet perminute, China eastern747.CES-747，4500保持，距VMB12海里Chinaeastern747，4500 meter maintaining, 12 miles to Victor Mike Bravo.CES-747下降到3900，联系上海进近，再见China eastern747, descend and maintain 3900meters, contact Shanghai Approach on , good day.联系进近，再见，CES-747Approach on , China eastern747, bye.进近部分：上海进近，CES-747通过4200下降3900,5海里到无锡，听你指挥Shanghai approach, China eastern747 descending through 4200 for 3900, 5 miles to VMB, with you.CES-747，上海进近收到，加入VMB 12号进场，落地跑道17R，过EKIIMU报China eastern747, Shanghai approach roger, followVMB12A arrive, landing runway 17R, report when passing EKIMU.加入VMB 12号进场，落地跑道17R，过EKIMU报，CES-747 Follow VMB12Aarrive, landing runway 17R，report passing EKIMU, China eastern747.CES-747，已过EKIMUChinaeastern747， passing EKIMU.CES-747，收到了，下降到修正海压1500米保持，修正海压1006，尽快通过1800，过PK不低于2100China eastern747 roger, descend and maintain1500 meters on QNH 1006, expedite when passing 1800, Pass Papa Kilo not belowthan 2100 meters.下1500，尽快通过1800，过PK不低于2100，CES-747 Descend andmaintain 1500 meters, pass Papa Kilo not below than 2100, expedite when passing1800, China eastern747.上海进近，CES-747，请求航向100，由于CB（雷雨云）ShanghaiApproach, CES-747 request fly heading 100, due to CB occured.CES-747，航向100同意China eastern747, heading 100 approved航向100，谢谢，CES-747Heading 100, thankyou, China eastern747.CES-747，请求航行140Chinaeastern747, request heading 140在1500的高度上许可机动China eastern747, you're cleared for option at1500 meter.1500 cleared for option, China eastern747.CES-747，下900，回归标准进场China eastern747, descend and maintain 900meters, back to your track加入标准进场，下900，CES-747Back to trackand descend to 900 meters, China eastern747.CES-747，第三个进场，右转航向140，切入17R航道China eastern747, you're the number 3, turnright heading 140, intercept localizer runway 17R.航向140，切入17R航道Heading 140, intercept localizer runway 17R.,China eastern747.CES-747，在你10点钟方向，据你8海里，高度900的飞机是16的China eastern747, traffic on your 10 o’clock, 8miles, 900m is runway 16TCAS上看见了TCAS insight, China eastern747航向道已建立，CES-747Loclizer established, China eastern747CES-747，收到，可以盲降进近跑道17R，距离接地点12nm，联系塔台再见China eastern747, roger, cleared for ILS runway 17R approach, 12miles from touch- down, contact tower on , byebye.盲降进近17R，联系塔台再见，CES-747Cleared for ILSrunway 17R approach, tower on , bye,China eastern747.塔台部分：浦东塔台，CES-747，五边12海里，听你指挥Pudong tower,China eastern747, 12 miles on final, with you.CES-747，浦东塔台，继续进近，前机5nm，调速最小，注意尾流，前机是777China eastern747, pudong tower, continue approach, reduce your speed to minimum, Aircraft at your 12 o’clock,5 miles, Boeing777,caution wake turbulence继续进近，注意尾流，CES-747Continue approach, caution wake turbulence, China eastern747.CES-747，地面风200，9米，注意低空风切影响，可以落地跑道17RChina eastern747, wind 205 at 9 mps, caution wind shear is occuring at low altitude, cleared to land runway 17R可以落地跑道17R，注意风切，CES-747Cleared toland 17R , caution wind shear, China eastern747CES-747，落地了Chinaeastern747，touched down.CES-747，左转D4脱离，联系地面，再见China eastern747, turn left join D4, contactPudong ground on , good day.左转D4，联系地面，再见，CES-747Left D4,contact ground, bye-bye, China eastern747地面部分：浦东地面，CES-747，D4脱离，听你指挥PudongGround, China eastern747, vacated by D4, with you.CES-747，沿D,D3跑道17L外等，停机位 206China eastern747, taxi via D, D3, hold shortof runway 17L, parking 206.沿D,D3跑道17L外等，停机位206，CES-747Taxi via D,D3, hold short of runway 17L, parking 206, China eastern747.CES-747，17L外等，请求穿越跑道Chinaeastern747, hold short of runway 17L , request cross runway.CES-747可以穿越跑道17L，在A外等待China eastern747, cleared cross runway 17L,then hold short of A可以穿越跑道，A外等待，CES-747Cleared corssthe runway, hold short of A, China eastern747.CES-747，左转A，目视引导车了么？China eastern747, turn left join A, do youhave the follow me car insight？目视引导车了，CES-747follow me carinsight, China eastern747收到，CES-747，跟随引导车到位，再见了Roger, China eastern747, follow follow me carapproach to gate, good day.跟随引导车，再见了，CES-747follow follow me car, bye, China you~。
INM软件手册
首都机场噪声与运行监测系统调研报告附件四INM软件手册2010年09月16日目录1. INM简介 (1)2. INM功能介绍 (1)2.1 新建study档案 (1)2.2 建立case档 (3)2.3 建立Scenario (4)2.4 设定飞机类型 (5)2.5 设定机场包含的机型 (6)2.5.1 菜单[Setup\Civil Airplane...]： (6)2.5.2 菜单[Setup\Civil Airplane Substitution...] .. (6)2.5.3 查看机型资料 (6)2.5.4 创建INM内不包含的飞机 (8)2.6 设定噪声敏感点的位置 (9)2.6.1 菜单[Setup\Location Points...] .. (9)2.6.2 菜单[Setup\Population Points...] .. (9)2.7 添加机场跑到 (10)2.8 加入飞行航迹 (11)2.8.1 添加雷达航迹 (11)2.8.2 添加矢量航迹 (12)2.8.3 创建点航迹 (13)2.9 查看图形界面 (14)2.10 创建剖面 (15)2.10.1 创建procedural剖面 (15)2.10.2 创建fixed-point剖面 (18)2.11 查看Profile Graphics (19)2.12 设置General Thrust Coefficients参数 (21)2.13 输入飞行资料 (21)2.13.1 通过civil Flight设定 (21)2.13.2 通过Group Percents指定： (23)2.14 查看输入信息 (25)2.15 输入机场维护资料 (26)2.16 设定INM计算噪声的计算区域 (27)2.17 设置计算选项 (29)2.18 设置输出噪声图形参数，菜单[Output\Output Setup] (30)2.19 计算噪声数据 (31)2.20 查看等噪线图形 (32)2.21 菜单[Output\Contour points] (35)2.22 菜单[Output\Contour Area And Population] (36)2.23 菜单项[Output\Standard Grids] (36)2.24 菜单项[Output\Detailed Grids] (36)2.25 菜单项[Output\Noise at Loc Points] (37)2.26 菜单项[Output\Annualize Scenario] (37)2.27 菜单[output\Scenario Run input Report] (38)2.28 菜单[Output\Flight Path Report] (39)2.29 菜单[Setup\NMPlot Parameters] (40)2.30 菜单[Setup\Metric] (40)2.31 菜单项[Setup\File Locations] (41)2.32 菜单项[view\ lat/long calculator] (41)2.33 菜单项[view\ Thrust calculator] (42)2.34 菜单项[Civil\Noise Identifiers] (42)2.35 菜单项[Civil\NPD Data] (43)2.36 菜单项[Civil\Noise Graph] (44)1.INM简介INM是一个基于统计的等效噪声计算模型软件，而不是一个实时的噪声计算软件。
陆空通话教程第二章开车前
第章2Pre-startLesson Four: Radio check and ATIS•教学目的: 掌握符合陆空对话标准的无线电检查和通播的形式•重点难点: 无线电检查和通播的形式无线电检查程序：1）对方电台呼号2）己方电台呼号3）无线电检查（Radio check）4）使用的频率无线电检查回答应按照下列形式：1）对方电台呼号；2）己方电台呼号；3）所发射信号的质量（readability）。
P: 昆明地面, 东方2406, 无线电检查,118.1.Kunming ground, CES 2406, radio check. 118.1.C: 东方2406, 昆明地面, 听你3个, 你的信号弱,检查你的发射机. CES 2406, Kunming ground, read you 3, your signal is weak, check your transmitter.P: 昆明地面,东方2406, 1,2,3,4,5, 现在信号怎样?Kunming ground,CES2406, 1,2,3,4,5, how do you read now?C: 东方2406,听你5个.CES 2406, read you 5.无线电检查时信号质量：1---不清楚（unreadable; I can’t read you)2---可断续听到（You are cut in and out)3---能听清但困难（Your signal is jammed; your signal is weak..) 4---清楚（clear)5---非常清楚(loud and clear)飞行高度层高度8400米（含）以下，每300米为一个飞行高度层；飞行高度层高度8400米（不含）以上，每600米为一个飞行高度层；ATIS的一般格式机场名称（airport name）代码（information code）观测时间（time）预计进近类别（estimated approach type）使用跑道（runway in use）重要的跑道道面情况, 刹车效应Runway condition: wet, snow, slush, ice. Braking action: poor, medium, good延迟等待（delay）过渡高度层（transition level）其他必要的运行通报(operational information: expect…departure, flocks of birds, restriction area, etc.)地面风向量wind direction (degrees) and strength (knots)能见度, 跑道视程(visibility, RVR)现行天气(present weather: mist, fog, snow, drizzle, etc.)云盖度, 云底高(cloud cover in octas, height of clouds in feet or meters)大气温度，露点(temperature dew point)高度表拨正值altimeter天气趋势trend (‘no sig’or expected weather change)特殊信息（extra information）关于云量：sky clear:晴；few(FEW): 少云(1-2 octas)scattered(SCT): 疏云(3-4octas)broken(BKN):裂云，多云(5-7octas)overcast(OVC):阴天，满天云(8 octas)hectopascals, millibars过渡高度层：1）机场标高在1200米（含以下），过渡高度定为3000米，过渡高度层为3600米；2）机场标高在1200米至2400米（含），过渡高度定为4200米，过渡高度层为4800米；3）机场标高在2400米以上，过渡高度和过渡高度层根据飞行程序和空中交通管制的需要确定。
我最喜欢的研学旅行是爬山英语作文
我最喜欢的研学旅行是爬山英语作文My Favorite Educational Travel Experience is Mountain ClimbingEmbarking on educational travel experiences has always been a passion of mine. Among the many enriching journeys I have undertaken, the one that stands out the most is my mountain climbing expedition. This exhilarating adventure not only challenged me physically but also provided invaluable insights into the natural world and the importance of teamwork.The journey began with the careful selection of the mountain we would conquer. After extensive research and consultation with experienced guides, we settled on a moderately challenging peak that would push our limits without jeopardizing our safety. The anticipation and preparation leading up to the trip were palpable as we meticulously planned every aspect of the expedition, from the necessary equipment to the logistics of our ascent.As the day of our departure arrived, the excitement was palpable. Our group, comprised of individuals from diverse backgrounds andskill levels, convened at the base of the mountain, eager to embark on this shared adventure. The initial stages of the climb were relatively straightforward, allowing us to acclimate to the changing terrain and the demands of the ascent. However, as we gained elevation, the challenges became more pronounced, testing our physical endurance and mental fortitude.One of the most remarkable aspects of this educational travel experience was the opportunity to witness the incredible diversity of the natural environment. As we climbed higher, the landscape transformed before our eyes, revealing a tapestry of geological wonders. From the lush, verdant forests at the base to the rugged, snow-capped peaks, each step of the journey unveiled a new perspective on the majesty of the natural world.Throughout the climb, our group demonstrated the power of teamwork and camaraderie. We encouraged and supported one another, sharing the burden of carrying supplies and offering words of encouragement when the going got tough. This collaborative spirit was essential, as there were moments when individual strength alone would not have been enough to overcome the obstacles we faced.As we neared the summit, the air grew thinner, and the climb became increasingly demanding. Yet, the sense of determination andshared purpose within our group only grew stronger. We pushed on, step by step, driven by the desire to achieve our goal and revel in the breathtaking panoramic views that awaited us at the top.The moment we reached the summit was truly exhilarating. Standing atop the mountain, we were greeted by a stunning landscape that stretched out before us, a tapestry of towering peaks, pristine valleys, and winding rivers. The sense of accomplishment was palpable, and we basked in the glory of our achievement, taking the time to capture the moment and reflect on the journey that had brought us to this point.But the educational value of this experience went far beyond the physical challenge of the climb. Throughout the expedition, we had the opportunity to learn from our guides, who shared their extensive knowledge of the local flora and fauna, the geological history of the region, and the cultural significance of the mountain to the indigenous communities. These insights not only deepened our appreciation for the natural world but also fostered a greater respect for the delicate balance that exists within these fragile ecosystems.Moreover, the mountain climbing experience taught us valuable lessons about the importance of adaptability, resilience, and problem-solving. As we navigated the ever-changing terrain and faced unexpected obstacles, we were forced to think critically, makequick decisions, and work together to overcome the challenges that arose. These skills, honed in the midst of our educational travel adventure, will undoubtedly serve us well in our future endeavors, both academic and personal.In retrospect, my mountain climbing expedition stands out as one of the most transformative educational travel experiences of my life. It challenged me physically, mentally, and emotionally, but in doing so, it also instilled in me a deeper appreciation for the natural world, the value of teamwork, and the importance of pushing the boundaries of my own capabilities. As I reflect on this journey, I am filled with a sense of gratitude and a renewed determination to continue exploring the wonders of the world, both near and far.。
进近标准通话
21．“（呼号），把应答机置于等待位” “(Callsign), squawk standby．” 例：CSH109, squawk standby． 22．“（呼号），把应答机恢复正常。” “(Callsign), squawk normal．” 例：CSH109, squawk normal． 23．“（呼号），联系上海区调（频率），再 见。” “（Callsign）,contact Shanghai control (freqency), goodday．” 例：CSH109, contact Shanghai control 124．55, goodday．
进近标准陆空通话
离港/Departure
1．“（呼号），上海进近，雷达看到，（标准离港程序）离港，上 升到(高度)保持，[有活动]。”
“(Callsign), Shanghai approach, radar contact, follow SID/(procedure), climb and maintain (level), [due ． traffic]．” 例：“CES501，上海进近，雷达看到，程序离港，上 升到修正海压2400米保持有相对，修正海压1005。”
10．“（呼号）, 右转/左转航向（三位数）/直飞（பைடு நூலகம்点）。”
“(Callsign)，turn right/left heading (three digits) /direct to (signification point)．” 例：CES5537, turn left direct to HSH．
7．（呼号），报告上升率。 “(Callsign)，report rate of climb．” 例：CDG451, report rate of climb．
民航飞行员英语翻译的特点和技巧
1．民航飞行员英语翻译的概念随着我国对外开放和加入ＷＴＯ,与世界各国的文化、科技、经济、贸易交流日益频繁,我国民航事业得到了飞速的发展。
由于飞机数量的不断增加、飞机机型的不断更新和飞机性能的不断提高,民航飞行员面临着许多新的挑战和要求。
民航飞行员不仅要具有良好的素质、熟练的飞行技能,而且必须具备一定的英语水平。
为此,中国民航总局颁布了第39号令《中国民用航空飞行人员训练管理暂行规定》和《中国民用航空英语工程实施纲要(试行)》等文件,对民航飞行员的英语语言技能进行考核和培训。
但由于我国民航飞行人员的实际情况和语言习惯的特殊规律性,他们很难在短时间内达到规定要求。
为了满足民航的实际需要,民航总局每年举行两次民航飞行员英语翻译考试(简称:飞翻)。
考试合格者获得民航总局颁发的"民航飞行英语翻译资格证书",有效期5年。
民航飞行英语翻译的主要职责是担负外籍教练员的翻译,充当外籍教练员与我国飞行员的沟通渠道。
同时,飞行英语翻译还经常充当飞行员与飞行员之间以及飞行员与地面导航人员之间的联系桥梁。
飞行英语翻译属口译的范畴,它是通过听觉器官接受信息,对所听内容做准确完全的理解,然后用另一种语言将信息确切完满地传递出去,同时,飞行英语翻译又具有同声传译的特点,它要求翻译人员用一种语言(译入语)把飞行员或者地面导航人员的指令(原语)所表达的内容,以与原语发言人同样的说话速度通过麦克风确切完满地传递出去。
2．民航飞行员英语翻译的特点民航飞行员英语翻译与一般的会议、谈判等口译不同,它具有自己的特殊性。
首先,民航飞行英语翻译具有极大的责任感、风险性和挑战性。
民航是集所有先进科学技术为一体的,极具风险性的行业。
它对飞行人员以及地面服务人员有严格的要求以确保飞行的安全,飞行人员和地面服务人员稍有不慎就会给国家和个人带来生命和财产损失。
它为飞行翻译提出了更高的要求。
飞行翻译必须集中注意力,力求充分利用听、想、记、译等能力来快速、准确、清楚地完成地面和飞行员以及外籍飞行教练员和飞行员之间的信息传递,不得有丝毫差错。
放行许可、开车、关车、上飞机、下飞机、滑行、进跑道、起飞、入航、航路上、进近、降落
3、ATC clears you to SHA direct at 8000M.
空中交通管制放行你直飞上海，高度8000米。
4、ATC clears you to SHA at 10000M, After take-off maintain R/W heading to 900M. Right turn set course climbing to 5400M over VB.
27、Hold a minute for starting. There are several passengers not on board yet.
等一下开车，有几个客人还没有上飞机。
28、Stand-by a while for starting, an important message for you.
香港地面，泰国627，停在7号停机坪，请求开车和推出。
10、CA502 Bay number 19 destination SHA, information D, request to run-up.
中国民航502停在19号停机坪，目的地上海，（收到）情报D，请求开车。
11、Standby one minute, I’ll call you back.
可以开车，温度摄氏31度。
8、You’re cleared to start, expect R/W03.
可以开车，预计（使用）03号跑道。
9、Hong Kong Ground, Thai inter627, Bay 7,request start-up and push-back.
ZBAA-ZSPD中英文陆空对话范例
管：SinoFSX-9018，地面风向345风速2-3米,修正海压XXX 检查好可以起飞.离地自动脱波联系离场（地面无风时报：地面静风。
突遇强气流或大侧风时应叫飞机跑道上等待，如持续时间较长可叫飞机返回停机坪）SinoFSX-9018,clear for take off with surface wind 345 at 2/3metre, QNH ***, contact departure on飞：可以起飞，修正海压XXXX，离地自动转离场频率, SinoFSX-9018（起飞离地后不用报告塔台直接联系离场）Clear for take off, QNH***, contact departure on ,SinoFSX-9018.联系离场飞：北京离场，SinoFSX-9018 ，36L跑道起飞了，应答机0220，听你指挥。
Beijing departure, SinoFSX-9018, take off runway 36L, squawk 0220, with you.管：SinoFSX-9018，雷达识别了，执行大王庄11离场程序，上高5800米，距大王庄5海里报。
SinoFSX-9018, radar contact, VYK11 departure, climb and maintain 5800 metres, report 5 nm from VYK.飞：大王庄11程序离场，上高5800米，距大王庄5海里报,SinoFSX-9018。
VYK11 departure, climb and maintain 5800 metres, report 5nm from VYK,SinoFSX-9018.飞：北京离场，SinoFSX-9018，距大王庄5海里。
Beijing departure, SinoFSX-9018, 5nm from VYK.管：SinoFSX-9018，联系前方区调，再见。
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P :离场，国航2763，6000保持了。 C:国航2763，恢复自主领航，上到巡航高度 7200，联系北京区调134.2，再见。 P :恢复自主领航，上升到巡航高度7200，联 系北京区调134.2，谢谢指挥，再见。
练习
P：上海进近，晚上好，东方123，高度正 在上升至900米，应答机5001，听您指挥了。 C：东方123，上海，雷达识别了，加入标 准离场程序，继续上升至修正海压3000米， 修正海压1012。 P：加入标准离场程序，继续上升至修正 海压3000米，修正海压1012，东方123。
英航3009，目的地伦敦，停机位212号，通 播X 北京放行 按计划航路放行至伦敦 跑道36左 SID：D08，起始高度900米 进近频率：120.3 应答机：3505 塔台频率：118.1
Usually aircraft departing the airport has received the ATC clearacne before take-off, but for safety concern, the controller of deprture unit may still give departue instruction to the pilot.
PIL: Beijing Delivery, BAW 1342 to London, 10 minutes before start, information K, request ATC clearance.
CTL: BAW 1342 you are cleared to London via flight planned route, initial climb to 7600m and maintain, follow D08 departure, squawk 5436, departure frequency 118.03
Cancel SID
A controller may decide to cancel SID when necessary and issue new departure instructions P: Stephen approach fastair 345 800 feet climbing C: fastair 345 cancel SID turn left to Marlo climb and maintain 1600 feet P: cancel SID turn left to Marlo climb and maitain 1600 feet fastair 345
Approach control
Arrivals and departures are handled by one single approach control unit at many airports. Busier airports may have seperated arrival and departure control units. Departing IFR aircraft may be given departure instructions in order to provide seperation. They may be given on plain language or in the form of a SID.
C: ask the pilot to expedite climbing to 4600m due to traffic reasons and to repot when passing 4000m P: readback P: report that your are passing 4000m C: ask the pilot to contact Beijing control P: readback and say goodbyeΒιβλιοθήκη
P: Goergetown departure, fastair 345 heavy C: fastair 345 turn right heading 040 until passing FL 70 then direct Wicken VOR P: right heading until passing FL 70 then turn right direct to Wiken VOR C: fastair 345 report passing FL70 P: fastair 345 wilco P: fastair 345 passing FL70 Wicken VOR at 34 C: fastair 345 contact Alxander control 129.1 P: 129.1 fastair 345
Your call sign is BAW 235 ask Beijing tower for take-off, runway in use 18L As the tower controller you must approve the take-off request, and ask the pilot to report airborne As the pilot your airplane is off the ground at 1535 report that to the tower controller As the tower controller you must instruct the pilot to contact Beijing departure on frequency 115.80 As the departure controller you must direct the pilot to depart using SID procedure. SID: D08 initial climb and maitain 6000m before turn right heading 080. Frequency of Beijing control 116.23
ATC clearance
What information should be included in the ATC clearance? Clearance limit, flight route, altitude, SID code, transponder code, departure frequency, etc.
P: CSN 309 climbing to 6200m, is 6800m available C: CSN 309 affirm P: request 6800m CSN 309 C: CSN 309 climb to 6800m and contact Wuhan control on 112.35 P: climbing to 6800m 112.35 CSN 309
Example
P: Lodon departure, CCA 983 C: CCA 983 follow HFPL departure climb and maintain 3000 feet, report passing 1200 feet.
P: Kennedy departure CCA 981 heavy 600m climbing C: CCA 981 continue climb to 1200m, then turn left heading 030, direct to FD
Review exercise
Call sign: CCA 103 CTL: Chengdu Delivery Destination Beijing ATIS: M Flight planned route SID code: D08 departure Altitude: initial climb and maintain 6500m, request level change en route Transponder code: 4321 Departure frequency: 123.32
C：东方123，继续上升至标压4500米。 P：上升至4500米，东方123。 C：东方123，上升至标压6000米保持报。 P：上6000保持报，东方123。 P：东方123，标压6000米保持。 C：东方123，联系上海区调125.45，再见。 P：125.45，谢谢您的指挥，再见了，东方 123。
Request level change
C: CSN 309 climb and maintain 6200m report passing 5600m P: climb and maintain 6200m report passing 5600m CSN 309 P: CSN 309 5600m passing C: CSN 309 continue climb to 6200m
Practice
P: Call sign: TWA 3306; C: Beijing departure, Beijing control (118.50) P: establish contact with Beijing departure when you climb to 800m C: cancel SID, instruct the pilot to turn left heading 120 after reaching 4600m, then direct to VM VOR P: readback
P: readback and say goodbye P: contact Beijing departure C: follow SID (D08) climb to 7200m and maintain, ask the pilot to report when passing 6000m P: readback P: report that you are passing 6000m C: ask the polit to contact Beijing control on 112.35 P: readback and say goodbye