不规则词汇总结
初中英语中各类不规则单词汇总
各种词类变化规则1名词变复数规则：1）直接加s ; 2）加es（以s ,x,ch,sh,o结尾的单词）3）变y为i加es（辅音字母+y）; 4）变f/fe为ves5）不规则变化;man—men男人woman—women女人child—children孩子tooth—teeth牙齿foot—feet脚Mouse—mice老鼠2动词变第三人称单数规则：1）直接加s; （have—has）2）加es（以s ,x,ch,sh,o结尾的单词）3）变y为i加es（辅音字母+y）附：不规则变化have--has;be—is 3动词变过去式规则：1）直接加ed; 2）去e加ed（以e结尾的单词）3）变y为i加ed（辅音字母+y）; 4）双写加（以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节）注意：双写加ed的动词：(9个)chat聊天shop购物drop丢弃chop砍stop停住plan计划trek跋涉hiccup打嗝prefer更喜欢5)不规则变化（不规则也有规则）：1) 以下单词的过去式和过去分词不变beat--beat打/cut--cut切/ hurt--hurt伤害/ hit--hit撞/put--put放/shut--shut关/ set--set 摆放/ read--read读（发音同red）2) sweep--swept擦sleep--slept睡觉oversleep--overslept睡过头keep--kept保持meet--met遇见feed--fed喂flee--fled逃跑feel--felt感觉（比较fall-fell-fallen掉落）注意：see—saw need—needed需要peel—peeled剥皮3) drive--drove--driven开车write--wrote--written写ride--rode--ridden骑rise--rose--risen 涨,升起hide--hid--hidden藏shine--shone--shone照耀注意：give--gave--given给与4) begin--began--begun开始drink--drank--drunk喝酒sing--sang--sung 唱歌ring--rang--rung打电话swim--swam--swum游泳run--ran--run跑5) break--broke—broken打破speak--spoke--spoken说steal--stole--stolen偷freeze--froze--frozen冻choose--chose--chosen选择eat--ate--eaten吃6) grow--grew--grow成长blow--blew--brown吹draw--drew--drawn画fly--flew--flown飞know（与no 同音）--knew（与new同音）--known知道throw--threw(与through同音)--thrown扔注意：show---showed展示snow—snowed 下雪borrow--borrowed借follow—followed跟着7) bring--brought带来think--thought思考fight--fought打架buy--bought买catch--caught抓住teach--taught教书8) say--said--said说pay--paid--paid付钱lay--laid--laid躺下lie—lied, lay---lied, lain撒谎，下蛋（注意和lay 区别）注意：play--played玩stay--stayed呆may--might可以9) take--took--taken拿走mistake--mistook--mistaken误解shake--shook--shaken摇晃wake--woke--woken醒来10) lend--lent借出send--sent发送spend--spent度过注意：end--ended 结束pretend—pretended假装11) get--got—got, gotten得到forget--forgot--forgot, forgotten忘记12) stand--stood---stood 站,忍受understand--understood--understood理解13) spell--spelt--spelt拼写smell—smelt闻sell--sold--sold卖tell--told--told告诉14) dream--dreamt做梦learn--learnt学会mean --meant意思15) see—saw--seen看见be--was/were--been是16) come--came--come来become--became--become变成17) sit--sat--sat坐babysit--babysat--babysat临时照顾18) shall/can/will--should/could/would19) go/goes--went--gone去do/does--did--done做,助动词20) wear--wore--worn穿bear--bore--born出生21) hold--held--held握住，举办find--found--found发现，找到lead--led--led引导have/has--had--had有hear--heard--heard听见make--made--made制造shoot--shot--shot射击lose--lost--lost丢失leave--left--left离开，留下build--built--built建造hang--hanged(hung)绞死，挂(hang out闲逛) win--won—won（与one同音）赢4形容词变比较级、最高级规则：1）直接加er/est; 2）去e加er/est（以e结尾的单词）3）变y为i加ed（辅音字母+y）; 4）双写加（以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节）注意：双写加er/est的单词有：（6个）red big hot wet thin fat5）不规则变化好good/well--更好better--最好--best 坏bad/badly--更坏worse--最坏worst 许多many/much--更多more--最多most 一点little--较少less--最少least 远far--较远farther/further （意义深远）--最远farthest/furthest老的，旧的old--较老的，较旧的older/elder（大哥）--最老的最旧的oldest/eldest 5动词变现在分词规则：1）直接加ing; 2）去e加ing（以e结尾的单词），但lie-lying躺die-dying死亡tie-tying系see-seeing看见be-being是3）双写加（以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节）注意：双写加ing的动词:（25个）get得到set安排let让sit坐hit撞fit适合win赢kid开玩笑run跑cut 切put放hum哼唱chat聊天plan计划shop购物drop扔chop砍stop 停shut关swim游泳trek跋涉star主演begin开始forget忘记prefer更喜欢hiccup打嗝baby-sit临时照顾6基数词变序数词规则：1）直接加th; 4）变ve为f加th（如five—fifth twelve—teelfth）2）去e加th（nine--ninth）3）变y为i加eth（辅音字母+y，整十单词都带ty）; 5）不规则变化:first second third7形容词变副词规则：1）直接加ly 2）变y为i加ly（辅音字母+y）3）不去e加ly 5）不规则变化：possible--possibly可能的terrible--terribly糟糕的simple--simply简单的true--truly真的8代词变反身代词：1）单数加self，复数加selves（变f为v加es），2）第一二人称在形容词物主代词的基础上加self\selves，第三人称在人称代词的宾格的基础上加self\selves注意：1 任何双写单词都有一个共同规律：最后两个字母必须是一个元音字母加一个辅音字母，而且不可以合起来发音，如few, show就不可双写。
不规则动词过去式过去分词变化单词汇总
不规则动词过去式过去分词变化单词汇总动词是英语句子中不可或缺的部分，而动词的时态变化也是我们学习英语的重要内容之一。
虽然大多数动词的过去式和过去分词的变化规则是相对固定的，但也有一些动词是不规则的，它们的过去式和过去分词形式需要我们记忆和熟练运用。
本文将为您汇总一些常见的不规则动词过去式和过去分词的变化，希望对您的英语学习有所帮助。
1. 动词 "be" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "was" 和 "been"，例如：- She was a teacher.- Have you ever been to London?2. 动词 "have" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "had"，例如：- I had a great time at the party last night.- They have already eaten dinner.3. 动词 "do" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "did" 和 "done"，例如：- He did his homework yesterday.- Have you ever done skydiving?4. 动词 "go" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "went" 和 "gone"，例如：- She went to the supermarket this morning.- They have gone on vacation.5. 动词 "come" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "came" 和 "come"，例如：- He came to the party late.- I have never come across such a difficult problem before.6. 动词 "see" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "saw" 和 "seen"，例如：- I saw her at the park yesterday.- Have you seen that movie?7. 动词 "eat" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "ate" 和 "eaten"，例如：- We ate pizza for lunch.- She has eaten sushi before.8. 动词 "drink" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "drank" 和 "drunk"，例如：- He drank a glass of water after exercise.- Have you ever drunk coconut water?9. 动词"give" 的过去式和过去分词形式为"gave" 和"given"，例如：- She gave me a gift for my birthday.- They have given all their efforts to the project.10. 动词 "take" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "took" 和 "taken"，例如：- He took a nap in the afternoon.- Have you taken the medicine yet?11. 动词 "break" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "broke" 和 "broken"，例如：- I broke my phone accidentally.- The window has been broken.12. 动词 "choose" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "chose" 和 "chosen"，例如：- She chose the blue dress for the party.- The best option has been chosen.13. 动词 "write" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "wrote" 和 "written"，例如：- I wrote a letter to my friend yesterday.- Have you ever written a poem?14. 动词 "see" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "saw" 和 "seen"，例如：- I saw a beautiful sunset at the beach.- The movie has been seen by millions of people.15. 动词 "think" 的过去式和过去分词形式为 "thought"，例如：- He thought about the problem for a long time.- I have always thought that she is a talented artist.以上是一些常见的不规则动词过去式和过去分词的变化，掌握这些变化规则能够帮助您更准确地运用英语动词时态，提高语言表达的准确性和流畅性。
自考英语_不规则动词
自考英语（二）不规则动词表 中文 原形动词 过去式 过去分词 1 出现，升起 arise arose arisen 2 开始 begin began begun 3 吹 blow blew blown 4 打断 break broke broken 5 选择 choose chose chosen 6 做 do did done 7 画 draw drew drawn 8 喝 drink drank drunk 9 开车,驾驶 drive drove driven 10 吃 eat ate eaten 11 落下 fall fell fallen 12 飞 fly flew flown 13 冻结 freeze froze frozen 14 给 give gave given 15 去 go went gone 16 长大 grow grew grown 17 知道 know knew known 18 误解, 弄错 mistake mistook mistaken 19 成长速度超 outgrow outgrew outgrown 20 骑 ride rode ridden 21 响铃 ring rang rung 22 上升 rise rose risen 23 看 see saw seen 24 摇 shake shook shaken 25 唱 sing sang sung 26 下沉，沉没 sink sank sunk 27 说 speak spoke spoken 28 偷 steal stole stolen 29 发誓 swear swore sworn 30 游泳 swim swam swum 31 拿 take took taken 32 撕，扯破 tear tore torn 33 扔 throw threw thrown 34 穿 wear wore worn 35 写 write wrote written 现在分词为：writing 以下各词过去式与过去分词相同 36 弯曲 bend bent bent 37 捆 bind bound bound 38 带来 bring brought brought 39 建造 build built built 40 买 buy bought bought 41 抓住 catch caught caught 42 挖 dig dug dug 43 喂 feed fed fed 44 觉得 feel felt felt 45 找到 find found found 46 打仗 fight fought fought 47 有 have had had 48 听 hear heard heard 49 抓 拿 hold held held 50 保持 keep kept kept 51 放 lay laid laid 52 领导 lead led led 53 离开 leave left left 54 借出 lend lent lent 55 丢失 lose lost lost 56 制做 make made made 57 意思是 mean meant meant 58 遇见 meet met met 59 误解，误会 misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood 60 恐慌 panic panicked panicked 61 付钱 pay paid paid 62 说 say said said 63 寻求 seek sought sought 64 卖 sell sold sold 65 送 send sent sent 66 射击 shoot shot shot 67 坐 sit sat sat 68 睡 sleep slept slept 69 花费 spend spent spent 70 站 stand stood stood 71 扫 sweep swept swept 72 教 teach taught taught 73 告诉 tell told told 74 想 think thought thought 75 知道 understand understood understood 76 哭泣 weep wept wept 77 赢 win won won 78 吹风，绕 wind wound wound 下列各词的原形、过去式、过去分词都一样 79 爆炸 burst burst burst 80 投 扔 cast cast cast 81 价值 花费 cost cost cost 82 切 cut cut cut 83 打击 hit hit hit 84 伤害 hurt hurt hurt 85 让 let let let 86 放 put put put 87 读 read read read 88 流出 shed shed shed 89 关闭 shut shut shut 90 分离 split split split 91 伸开 spread spread spread 92 插 刺 thrust thrust thrust 93 弄翻 心烦 upset upset upset 下列各词的原形和过去分词相同 94 变得 成为 become became become 95 来 come came come 96 跑 run ran run 97、98是特殊变化 97 击打 beat beat beaten 98 忍受 出生 bear bore born / borne 98以后各词的过去式或过去分词为两可型 99 咬 bite bit bit / bitten 100 忘记 forget forgot forgot/ forgotten 101 得到 get got got / gotten 102 躲藏 hide hid hid / hidden 103 证实 prove proved proved / proven 104 缝 sew sewed sewed / sewn 105 出示 展 示 show showed showed / shown 106 打击 strike struck struck / stricken 107 唤醒 awake awoke / awaked awoke /awaked 108 打赌 bet bet / betted bet / betted 109 广播 broadcast broadcast/broadcasted broadcast/broadcasted 110 燃烧 burn burnt / burned burnt /burned 111 做梦 dream dreamt/dreamed dreamt / dreamed 112 适合 fit fit /fitted fit / fitted 113 * 处死 hang hanged hanged 113 悬挂 hang hung hung 114 倾斜 lean leant / leaned leant /leaned 115 学习 learn learnt / learned learnt / learned 116 * 撒谎 lie lied lied 116 躺 lie lay lain 117 摆脱 rid rid / ridded rid / ridded 118 发光 shine shined / shone shined /shone 119 嗅 , 闻 smell smelled / smelt smelled / smelt 120 加速 speed sped /speeded sped /speeded 121 拼写 spell spelt / spelled spelt /spelled 122 溢出 spill spilt / spilled spilt /spilled 123 醒 wake woke / waked woke /waked / woken 124 弄湿 wet wet / wetted wet / wetted 自学考试《英语一》、《英语二》重点难点分析英语 ( 一 )( 二 ) 试卷结构• 单选 10 分 语法 \ 词汇• 完型填空 10 分 语法 \ 词汇 ,• 阅读 3 篇 30 分• 单词 20 个 10 分• 语法填空 10 分• 中译英 5 句 15 分• 英译中 一段 15 分• 英语 ( 一 )( 二 ) 在语法要求上没有太大的区别 . 英语 ( 二 )主要是词汇和阅读理解能力的加深 .英语 ( 一 ) 试卷结构 2003 年 4 月份• 单选完型 语法 12 分 词汇 8 分• 语法填空 语法 10 分• 翻译 语法 约 20 分 词汇 约 10 分• ------------------------------------------------------- • 语法 42 分 词汇 18 分• 阅读 30 分 有一些题相对简单• 单词 10 分英语 ( 二 ) 试卷结构 2003 年 4 月份• 单选完型 语法 13 分 词汇 7 分• 语法填空 语法 10 分• 翻译 语法 约 20 分 词汇 约 10 分• ------------------------------------------------------ • 语法 43 分 词汇 17 分• 阅读 30 分 有一些题相对简单• 单词 10 分考试重点语法虚拟语态、倒装句、主谓一致、介词、连词时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词 ( 不定式、动名词、分词 )并列句、复合句 ( 主从 , 宾从 , 表从 , 定从 , 状从 , 同位从 ) 1. 简单句和并列句主谓 , 主谓状 I study hard.情态动词 + 实意动词构成谓语 . I shall go.主谓宾 , 主谓介宾 I study English.I look at the blackboard.主系表 I am a student. The leaves turn red.主谓双宾 I give him a present.主谓宾宾补 I let you do it.I ask you to do it.定 状 语 A red book.Work hard.并 列 句 I worked and studied(x)I worked and he studied.2. 主从复合句(1) 宾语从句I study English. I think (that)… I think that she is a good student.I made it clear that he objected to the plan.I asked whether/if he was a good student.I don't know whether it is raining.I asked what he had studied. He gave me what I need.You are wrong in that you took effect for cause.(2) 主语从句That the sun moves around the earth is the truth.( it is the truth that..)Whether it is raining is not known.It is not known--computers will one day have vision as good as human vision.A.whetherB. ifC. thatD. howIt goes without saying that we are not living in a traditional society.Who will come to the meeting remains unknown.翻译题 : In a sense, what he said amounts to threat.(3) 表语从句Your greatest fault is that you are careless.The problem is what we should do to help him.(4) 形容词补语从句We feel proud that our team has won every match this year. He wasn't sure whether he should stay or leave.Are you certain who he is?(5) 同位语从句(fact, news, idea, opinion, concern, hope, theory, decision, discovery, conclusion, report,order, question, problem, belief, truth, answer, statement, promise, possibility.)The news that he intended to come gave us much pleasure. (6) 状语从句• 时间状语从句When I studied, the bell rang.She was going upstairs when suddenly the light went out.He had no sooner died than / he had hardly died when thefamily arguments began.• 地点状语从句He live where he liked.• 原因状语从句He was late because he missed the bus.Now that you mention it, I do remember.I'm in a slightly awkward position, in that my secretary is on holiday at that moment.• 目的状语从句We have so arranged matters that one of us is always on duty. Bring it closer so that I may see it better.• 结果状语从句He brought a big house so( that) he had more space to paint in.He made such a good speech that he won warm applause.翻译题 :The brothers looks so alike that it is difficult to tell them each other• 条件状语从句If I make a promise, I keep it.I'll lend you the money , as/so long as you take my advice. These messages will become rubbish unless some measures have been taken.• 让步状语从句Although/ though he was Spanish, he spent most of his life in Germany.Whatever/ No matter what happens, you must be calm and quiet. However/no matter how loudly you shout, you won't be heard. • 方式状语从句I have changed the plan as you suggested.As if ( as though)• 比较状语从句 ( 重点 )She is as tall as Tom( is) I arrived as early as you (did) Mary was older/more careful than Tom( was)Mary works harder /more carefully than Tom( does)Bill speaks French ----( badly) than he writes it.The –( far)away we get from the earth, the thinner the air becomes. further 进• (8) 定语从句 在从句中成份 + 连词She is a beautiful girl. I like the girl who is beautiful.( who 主语 )This is the film that I see.This is the boy who (whom)(--) you met yesterday. ( 主语 ) Tell me something about the man for whom I shall be working / (whom) I shall be working for.I read the book whose cover is red.You are still the same person as I knew ten years ago.I never heard such stories as he told.This is the day when ( on which ) I joined the league.This is the house where( in which ) I live./ This is the house I live in.• 非限定性定语从句 :He met Mary, who invited him to dinner.I gave the book to Tom, whom/ who I found after the meeting. Her doctor, whose office was newly decorated, started to charge higher fee.His latest play, which was well reviewed by the critics, has been a great success.I called him by the wrong name, for which mistake I apologized.Prof. Emery, about whom everyone is taking these days.There are only four areas ____ very many diamonds have been found.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.whichWhere 用在定语从句和状语从句的区别I'll go to the place ( where I live)I'll go wherever work conditions are difficult.• 定语从句和同位语从句的区别The news (that our team had won)was known to all.This is the film that (I see).考题 : Such people – you describe are rare nowadays.a. asb. thatc. whod.whichAnyone ---( want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about IT . [who want]Who wants Many of us visited the industrial exhibition,---,to our disappointment, we saw very few high-tech products.a. whereb. whichc. asd. that3. 并列复合句He said that he would give up smoking, but nobody believe it.I never saw a busier person than she seemed to be; yet it was difficult to say what he she did.动词的时态和语态一般进行完成完成进行过去I did I was doing I had done I had been doing现在I do I am doing I have done I have been doing将来IshalldoI shall bedoingI shall havedoneI shall have beendoing(/)过去将来IshoulddoI should bedoing(/)I should have done(/)I should havebeen doing(/)重点语法——动词的时态和语态• 时态的呼应I thought the experiment was going on now.She said this apparatus would be available next week. • Am/is/are/+ done. This room is cleaned every day. Was/were +done This room was cleaned yesterday.Will be+ done This room will be cleaned.Am/is/are being done This room is being cleaned at the moment. Was/were being done This room was being cleaned when I arrived.Have/has been done My car has been repaired.Had been done The room looks much better. It had been cleaned.• No sooner had I arrived at the theatre than the film began . Hardly….. whenSome people think that the relations between people have deteriorated -( deteriorate) so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible.Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened (happen) to her.非谓语动词(1) 动词不定式•做主语 To see is to believe.What to do next has not been decideIt is not easy to remember all these words.•表语 To know everything is to know nothing.•定语 This is a book to be written .•宾语 I want to study .He found it impossible to keep silent any longer.•宾补 They warned me not to be late.I let you do it(make, have, see, watch, notice, look at, observe, smell, listen to, hear,perceive)•状语 Yesterday he came to see me.•独立成份 To be frank , she is not my girlfriend.•形容词补语 I am glad to hear the news.•不定式的逻辑主语 For a bridge to collapse like that is unbelievable.•不定式的 时态和语态 to do(be) , to be+p.p.to have done, to have been done动名词• 主 , 表语 Seeing is believingTom's going there won't do any harm.My hobby is collecting stamps.• 定语 This is a swimming poor. ( a poor for swimming)This is a hiding place ( a place for hiding )• 宾语 I enjoy studying (mind, keep, appreciate, can't help, consider, postpone,suggest,admit etc.)Do you mind my smoking here?• 介词 + 宾语I used to doing. (confess to, look forward to, object to doing sth.)be involve in, consist of, be fond of, etc.• 动名词的时态和语态基本形同分词的时态和语态分词• 状语 When I saw the film, I felt sad = Seeing the film, I felt sad.Because it is Sunday today, we have no school.It being Sunday, we have no school.When the job was finished, we went home straight away.The job finished, we went home straight away.• 定语 The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.=The boy who is standing there is a classmate of mine.The used car. A broken cup the question involved.• 表语 The film is exciting. All the windows are broken.• 宾补 I found them watering flowers.( I found that they were watering flowers.I found the flowers watered. ( I found the flowers watered)•分词的时态和语态 .( 形同动名词 )doing (being) being donehaving done having been done______nothing to say, the boy shield way form the crowd.A. HavingB. Have C Had. D. Having beingWhat developed was a music readily taking ( take) on various forms.Not having got (not get) enough hands, she had greatdifficulty in accomplishing the task.非谓语动词答题要点1. Anyone wanting (want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.2 ． A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted (convict)of murder.3. As research techniques become more advanced, the number of animals used ( use) in experiments may decrease.Not have got (not, get)enough hands she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task ．It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control ( control) his direction.As I'll be away for a year ， I'd appreciate hearing(hear)from you now and then ．Object to , confess to , look forward to + doing.介词 + doing.If I had remembered --- the window, the thief would not have got in.a. to closeb. closingc. to have closed. having closed. Begin, start, intend, continue to do, doing 的区别不大The baby began crying. The baby began to cry.Try to do. 努力去做 Try doing 尝试去做 .I was very tired. I tired to keep my eyes open, but Icouldn't.I can't find anywhere to live.______, they began to get down to business. A. The holidays being over B. The holidays are over C. The holidays were over D. The holidays had been overV+ing 及从句 的固定用法It's no use doing sth.It's no use worrying about it. There's nothing you can do. It's (not) worth doing sth.Have difficulty doing sth.Spend time (in) doing sth.There is no doubt that.强调句1. 强调主语 It is I that/who am to blame2. 强调直接宾语 It was a glass that Mary broke.3. 强调间接宾语 It was him that I gave the pen to.4. 强调介词宾语 It is this room that I am living in.5. 强调状语 1) 时间状语 It was last year that Tom graduated from high school.2) 地点状语 It was under the bridge that we found him.3) 原因状语 It was for his arrogance that I dislike him.4) 目的状语 It was for pleasure that I read it.不仅可以是陈述句 , 还可以是疑问句和感叹句 .Was it you that/who lost a watch yesterday? What great progress it was that you made.强调句可以是一个从句 , 被强调的部分也可以是从句 .I was told that it was because he hadn't received the invitation that he didn't comeIt was there, the police believe,---she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.A. thatB.untilC. whichD. when虚拟语气Ø 第一类型 :见词就填 :A. (should ) do(should) beB. (should) be + 过去分词第一类型虚拟语气 A动词名词形容词建议advise advice advisablepropose proposalsuggest Suggestion suggested坚持insist insistence insistent要求require Requirementdesire desire desireddemand Demandrequest request Requested建议recommend Recommendation命令order order Ordered决定decide decision Decided命令command command宁愿prefer preference Preferable决定determine determination命令Instruct Instruction安排arrange Arrangement Arranged重要Importance important第一类型虚拟语气 B见某些形容词要虚拟Urgent, necessary, important, possible, essential, incredible, natural, ridiculous, vital, imperative, crucial, critical, proper, compulsory, etc.•形容词带的从句 : It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules.•主语从句 : It is decided that the meeting (should) be postponed.•宾语从句 : He insisted that his daughter (should) come.•表语从句 : The doctor's advice is that the patient (should) be kept quiet.•同位语从句 : He gave order that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained.考题 : They demanded that the right to vote----(give) to every adult person. [(should) be given]For a child to give up less mature idea for a moresophisticate one, it requires that the child ____ psychologically ready for the new idea.A.isB.beC.wereD.would beØ 第二类型 : if 的非真实条件句 ( 可能性小或没有可能 )Ø 注意 : if 可以引导真实条件句 , 多是条件状语从句 .第二类型虚拟语气 ( 时态到推的概念 )If + 从句主句与现在事实相反If+ 主语 .+ were + V.ed主语 + should +V. +would + V. +could + V.与过去事实相反If+ 主语 .+ had+ done + been主语 + should +have+ p.p. +would +have+p.p. +could + have+p.p. + might+ have+p.p.与将来事实相反If+ 主语 . +were to do/be+should do/be主语 + should +V. +would + V. +could + V. +might+ V.第二类型虚拟语气举例省略 if 的倒装were, had , should.If the doctor had been available, the child would have been saved.Had the doctor been available, the child would have been saved.考题 :_____for your help, I would not have overcome the psychological pressures and tensions.A. Had it not beenB. not beenC. Without beingD. not having been特殊虚拟• Even if 形式上与 if 相同• Wish 形式上大体与 if 从句相同•从句谓语与 Wish 同时 Wish+ 主语 +V.ed/wereI wish I were as young as you.•从句谓语发生 Wish 之前 多用 Wish+ 主语 +had done(been)I wish that he had not made so much trouble.•从句谓语发生 Wish 之后 用 Wish+ 主语 +would(could) + v.I wish you would stay with me far a whileI wish I could fly.• It is (about. High..) time that + 从句 (V.ed)It is high time that we began to work.• In case, lest, for fear that (should)+ V.The mad man was out in the padded cell lest he ---himself. A. injure B. had injured c. injured d. would injure.• Would rather =had rather, would just as soon, would sooner, would prefer 多加过去式表示尚未发生的动作 .倒装句•全部倒装 In came Jack. Now comes your turn.Among them were two girls.•部分倒装Hardly/scarcely/barely had we got on the bus when it began to rain.No sooner had he put down the receiver than the telephone rang again.Not until many years later did the whole truth become known. Not only did he win the championship in the race, but he also broke the world record.Neither my sister nor I have traveled by air.• Never, nowhere, no longer, little, feww, not…( not a single word) no. (at no time, by no means, in no way, on no account, under/in no circumstances)Only here can you buy fresh eggs.主谓一致要点To become actresses is their ambition.Nodding often means you say” yes.”What I did was to give her a book.Neither she nor I am wet.Many a student doesn't like having to do their homework.连词•连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, which ever•连接副词 when, how, why, where, whenever, wherever•并列连词 and, but, or, so , therefore, yet, however, nevertheless, for, hence, as well as, both..and, not only..but also, either..or, neither..nor,•从属连词 after, when, before, as, while, since, until, till, although, though, if , even if, unless, lest, because, than, that, whether, so that, as soon as, as long as, in order that, as if, as though, in case, now that, so..that, such..that, as .as.When we play a game, we enjoy what we are doing, --- we should not play it.A. otherwiseB. insteadC. neverthelessD. either不定代词• Any,one, none, nothing, neither, either, both, all, anyone, any one, some, any, much, manyAre you sure there are not--- sharks here? A.any B. some C. many D. much.Used to , be used to doingFrank lives alone,. He doesn't mind this because has lived alone for 15years. So he is used to it. He is used to living alone.These days I usually stay in bed until late. But when I had a job, I used to get up early.词汇题常考动词搭配• Come, carry, take, go,get,cut, make, put ,turn, bring.。
(订正版)高三英语高考词汇默写易错单词不规则动词表语法填空常见搭配
高考英语易错单词3write (wrote, written) v ．写 writing n ．写，写作 writer n. 作者，作家phenomenon (pl. phenomena)n ．现象 (in)convenient adj.(不)方便的 (in)convenience n ．（不）方便 expose v ．使暴露 exposure n ．暴露 explode v ．爆炸 explosion n ．爆炸 explore v ．探索 exploration n ．探索 appear v.出现；显现 appearance n ．出现；外表 disappearance n ．消失strike (struck, struck) v ．击打；罢工 economy n ．经济 economics n ．经济学economical adj ．经济的，省钱的 advice n.建议 advise v.建议strong adj. 强的； 坚强的； 强壮的 strength n. 力量； 优点，长处 strengthen v ．加强，加固 discomfort n ．不舒服 uncomfortable adj ．不舒服的 misfortune n ．不幸 unfortunate adj ．不幸的unluckily ＝unfortunately adv.不幸地 effect n ．效果，影响 affect v ．影响 fail v. 失败，不及格 failure n. 失败 succeed v ．成功 success n ．成功 successful adj ．成功的 successfully adv.成功地benefit v ．使受益 n ．利益，好处4beneficial adj ．有益的conscious adj ．清醒的，有意识的 unconscious adj ．无意识的，下意识的 consciousness n. 意识adj ．不礼貌的 adj. 不耐烦的 compete v. 竞赛； 竞争 competition n ．竞争，竞赛 competitor n ．竞争者，比赛者 competitive adj ．竞争的，有竞争力的 annoyed adj ．生气的，气恼的 annoyance n ．生气，恼怒 consume v ．消费 consumption n ．消费 describe v. 描述，说明 description n ．描述，说明 explain v ．说明，解释 explanation n ．说明，解释 challenge n./v. 挑战challenging adj ．具有挑战性的 imagination n ．想象，想象力 imaginary adj ．假象的，虚构的 imaginative adj ．想象力丰富的 (in) appropriate adj ．（不）合适的， （不）恰当的energy n. [物]能量； 活力； 精力 energetic adj ．精力充沛的 argue v. 争论，辩论 argument n ．争论guide v. 引路； 指导 n. 向导； 导游； guidance n ．指导，指引satisfying ／satisfactory adj ．令人满意的 satisfaction n ．满意 adj ．有价值的 adj ．非常有价值的， 无价的＝piceless valueless adj ．无价值的5adj．昂贵的adj ．便宜的 starve v. 挨饿 starvation n ．饥饿 accompany v ．陪伴 company n ．陪伴；公司 companion n ．同伴 obey v ．遵守obedience n ．服从；顺从 attraction n ．吸引 attract v ．吸引 attack v ．进攻，攻击 prize n ．奖赏，奖品，奖金 price n ．价格 participate v.参加；参与 participant n ．参加者 selfish adj ．自私的 selfless adj ．无私的 gratitude n.感激，感谢 grateful adj.感激的 rely v. 依靠，倚赖reliable adj ．可靠的，可信赖的 warm adj. 暖和的，温暖的 v. 加热 warmth n ．温暖，热情 beginning n ．开始，开端 surrounding adj ．周围的 surroundings n ．周围的环境 majority n ．多数 minority n ．少数 permit v. 许可，准许 permission n ．允许，准许 n. 信任； 信念／incredible adj.难以置信的 musician n ．音乐家 physician n ．内科医生 physicist n ．物理学家 inability n ．无能 prove v. 证明，证实6proof n ．证据 invite v. 邀请invitation n ．邀请；请柬 entertainment n ．娱乐 safe adj. 安全的 safely adv. 安全地 safety n.安全destroy(destroyed, destroyed) v. 破坏，摧毁 destruction高中英语不规则动词表（根据高考英语大纲和新课标词汇表整理）动词原形中文意思过去式过去分词arise出现arose arisenawake醒来awoke awaked / awokenbe(am/is/are)是was / were beenbeat击打beat beatenbecome变成became becomebegin开始began begunbend使弯曲bent bentbet赌bet betbite咬bit bitten / bitblow吹blew blownbreak打破broke brokenbring拿来brought broughtbroadcast广播broadcast/broadcasted broadcast/broadcasted build建造built builtburn燃烧burnt / burned burnt / burnedbuy买bought boughtcast抛cast castcatch捕捉caught caughtchoose选择chose chosencome来came comecost花费cost costcut割cut cutdeal分配dealt dealtdig挖dug dugdo / does做did donedraw画，拉，拖drew drawndream做梦dreamt / dreamed dreamt / dreamed drink喝drank drunkdrive驾驶drove driveneat 吃ate eatenfall掉落fell fallenfeed喂fed fedfeel触摸felt feltfight作战fought foughtfind找出found foundfound建立founded foundedfly飞flew flownforbid禁止forbade / forbad forbiddenforget忘记forgot forgotten / forgot forgive原谅forgave forgivenfreeze结冰froze frozen7get得到got gotgive 给gave givengo去went gonegrow成长grew grownhang悬挂hung hung绞死hanged hangedhave / has有had hadhear听到heard heardhide隐藏hid hidden / hid hit打hit hithold拿住held heldhurt受伤hurt hurtkeep保持kept keptknow知道knew knownlay铺，放，下蛋laid laidlead引导led ledlearn学习learnt / learned learnt / learned leave离开left leftlend借贷lent lentlet 让let letlie躺，位于lay lain（lie撒谎lied lied ）light点着lit / lighted lit / lighted lose遗失lost lostmake制作made mademay可以might ×mean意思是meant meantmeet碰到met metmistake误认mistook mistaken misunderstand误会misunderstood misunderstood pay支付paid paidput放置put putquit 放弃quit / quitted quit / quitted read读read readrebuild改建rebuilt rebuiltretell 复述retold retoldrid免除rid / ridded rid / ridded ride骑rode riddenring打电话，响铃rang rungrise上升rose risenrun跑ran runsay说said saidsee 看saw seenseek 寻觅sought soughtsell卖sold soldsend送/ 寄sent sent8set安置set setshake摇shook shakenshine发光shone shone擦亮shined shinedshoot放（炮）shot shotshow显露showed shown / showed shrink缩水shrank / shrunk shrunksing唱歌sang sungsink下沉sank sunksit坐sat satsleep睡slept sleptsmell发出气味smelt / smelled smelt / smelled speak说spoke spokenspell 拼写spelt / spelled spelt / spelled spend花费spent spentspit 吐出spat / spit spat / spit spring跳跃,弹跳sprang / sprung sprungstand站立stood stoodsteal偷stole stolenstick刺，粘贴stuck stuckstrike撞,击,(病、灾难)袭击struck struck / stricken swear发誓,咒骂swore swornsweep打扫swept sweptswell肿胀swelled swollenswim游泳swam swumtake拿took takenteach教taught taughttear撕裂tore torntell告诉told toldthink思考thought thoughtthrow投/ 扔threw thrown understand了解understood understood undertake承担,从事,许诺undertook undertaken wake醒着woke wokenwear穿着wore wornwet ＊淋湿wet / wetted wet / wetted win获胜won wonwind蜿蜒,缠绕,上发条wound woundwound受伤wounded wounded ) write书写wrote written9高中英语不规则动词表（根据高考英语大纲和新课标词汇表整理）动词原形中文意思过去式过去分词arise出现__________ __________ awake醒来__________ __________ be(am/is/are)是__________ __________ beat击打__________ __________ become变成__________ __________ begin开始__________ __________ bend使弯曲__________ __________ bet赌__________ __________ bite咬__________ __________ blow吹__________ __________ break打破__________ __________ bring拿来__________ __________ broadcast广播__________ __________ build建造__________ __________ burn燃烧__________ __________ buy买__________ __________ can能__________ __________ cast抛__________ __________ catch捕捉__________ __________ choose选择__________ __________ come来__________ __________ cost花费__________ __________ cut割__________ __________ deal分配__________ __________ dig挖__________ __________ do / does做__________ __________ draw画，拉，拖__________ __________ dream做梦__________ __________ drink喝__________ __________ drive驾驶__________ __________ eat 吃__________ __________ fall掉落__________ __________ feed喂__________ __________ feel触摸__________ __________ fight作战__________ __________ find找出__________ __________ found建立__________ __________ fly飞__________ __________10forbid禁止__________ __________ forget忘记__________ __________ forgive原谅__________ __________ freeze结冰__________ __________ get得到__________ __________ give 给__________ __________ go去__________ __________ grow成长__________ __________ hang悬挂__________ __________绞死__________ __________ have / has有__________ __________ hear听到__________ __________ hide隐藏__________ __________ hit打__________ __________ hold拿住__________ __________ hurt受伤__________ __________ keep保持__________ __________ know知道__________ __________ lay铺，放，下蛋__________ __________ lead引导__________ __________ learn学习__________ __________ leave离开__________ __________ lend借贷__________ __________ let 让__________ __________ lie躺，位于__________ __________ lie撒谎__________ __________ light点着__________ __________ lose遗失__________ __________ make制作__________ __________ mean意思是__________ __________ meet碰到__________ __________ mistake误认__________ __________ misunderstand误会__________ __________ pay支付__________ __________ put放置__________ __________ quit ＊放弃__________ __________ read读__________ __________ rebuild改建__________ __________ retell ＊复述__________ __________ rid免除__________ __________ ride骑__________ __________ ring打电话，响铃__________ __________ rise上升__________ __________ run跑__________ __________ say说__________ __________ see 看__________ __________seek 寻觅__________ __________ sell卖__________ __________ send送/ 寄__________ __________ set安置__________ __________ shake摇__________ __________ shave刮（胡子）__________ __________ shine发光__________ __________擦亮__________ __________ shoot放（炮）__________ __________ show显露__________ __________ shrink缩水__________ __________ sing唱歌__________ __________ sink下沉__________ __________ sit坐__________ __________ sleep睡__________ __________ smell发出气味__________ __________ sow种植__________ __________ speak说__________ __________ spell ＊拼写__________ __________ spend花费__________ __________ spit ＊吐出__________ __________ spring ＊跳跃,弹跳__________ __________ stand站立__________ __________ steal偷__________ __________ stick刺，粘贴__________ __________ strike撞,击,(病、灾难)袭击__________ __________ swear发誓,咒骂__________ __________ sweep打扫__________ __________ swell肿胀__________ __________ swim游泳__________ __________ take拿__________ __________ teach教__________ __________ tear撕裂__________ __________ tell告诉__________ __________ think思考__________ __________ throw投/ 扔__________ __________ understand了解__________ __________ undertake承担,从事,许诺__________ __________ wake醒着__________ __________ wear穿着__________ __________ wet ＊淋湿__________ __________ win获胜__________ __________ wind蜿蜒,缠绕,上发条__________ __________ wound受伤__________ __________ write书写__________ __________语法填空常见词性变化1. reason n. ______ adj. ______adv. _______ adj.(反) _______2. possible adj. -___________ adv.变副词：probable __________; terrible__________; comfortable__________;gentle__________3. please v. ___________ adj. 感到高兴___________ adj. 令人高兴____________ n.高兴的事4. warm 温暖的adj. _______ adv. ____________ n.te adj. 迟的____________ adj./adv 较晚的；____________ adv. 最近;____________adj. 最新的6.nature n. 自然- ___________ adj. 自然的7.merry 愉快的adj. -____________愉快地adv8. cheer v.– _________adj.9. anxiety n. – ___________ adj.10. invite v. --___________ n.11.j ealousy n. _________ adj.12. marry v. ______已婚的adj. ______婚姻n.和某人结婚marry sb. ; be married13. move v. ________感动的adj. _________令人感动的adj.14. color n. –___________ adj15. sad adj. ______ n ; happy adj. ______ n.16. whole adj. –_______ adv.17.dark adj. –________ n. –________ v.18. deep adj./adv –________adv. –_________ v. –________ n.He was _________ moved by [at] the story.He sat there ________ in thought.19.interrupt v. -- ___________ n.20. litte- __________ (比较级) - _______ (最高级）21. true adj. -- __________ adv.22. good - ________ (比较级) - _____ (最高级)bad- ________ (比较级) - _____ (最高级)23. energy n. __________ adj.24. vary v. ________ n. ________ adj.25.hope v. n. ___________adj. 充满希望的___________无望的adj.26. satisfy v. ___________n. ___________adj. 感到满意的___________adj.令人满意的27.a pprove v. ___________ n. arrive v. ___________n.28.u se –___________adj. 有用的–___________adj. 无用的29. success –___________ adj. - ___________ adv. --___________v.30. strong- _______ n. - _________ v.able _________ v. ; large _________ v.; rich _________ v.；sharp _________ v.; less _________ v.; deep _________ v. ;weak _________ v.;worse _________ v.; length_________ v.31. able adj. ___________adj. 不能的___________n.能力___________ n. 无能力___________残疾的adj. ___________ n. 残疾32. excite v. __________ adj. __________ adj. _________ adv.33. difficult adj. ______________ n.34. end v. _________ adj. ______________ n.35. luck n. ________ adj. _________ adj.(反) ________________ adv.36. surprise _____________ adj. _________________ adj.37. scare v. _____________ adj. _________ adj.38. selfish adj ________________ adj (反)39. educate __________ n. ________ adj. _________ adj. (反)40. die v. _______________ adj. _______________ adj. ____________ adj. ___________ n.41. fortune n. ____________ n.(反) ______________ adj. _____________ adj.(反) ______ adv.42. music ________ adj. ______________ n.43. advise ______________ n. suggest ____________ n.44. solve v. ___________ n.45. worry __________ adj.46. easy _____________ adv.47. appear v. _______________ n.48. tradition n. ___________ adj.49. ambition n. ____________ adj.50. disappoint ________________ adj. ______________ adj. ____________ n.51. decide __________ n.52. healthy _________ 比较级____________ 最高级heavy _________ 比较级____________ 最高级53. comfort ______________ adj. ____________ adj(反) _____________ adv54. expense _______________ adj.55. astonish _________ adj. ___________ adj. ______________ n.语法填空常见搭配1. 既不…也不…. ________________/ 要么…要么…________________/既…又…________________ / 太…以至于________________/不仅…而且_______________2. 为什么不做某事？3. 以一个低的价格/速度_____ a low price/speed4. 对…表示尊重 show respect _____5. ___ amount of大量的/ ____ small amount of / 少量的6. I was there waiting for you_______ nearly one hour7. 注意到/看到/听到某人正在做某事notice/see/hear sb. ___________ (do)sth.8. 靠某人自己；独自地_______ one’s own9. 和某人交流have ___conversation _______ sb.10. 告知某人某事inform sb. _______ sth.11. 正出售_____ sale12. 在进餐____ table13. 导致; result _____ ; 由于result _______14. 只要as long ______15. reward sb._____ sth. 奖励某人某物thank sb… for; praise sb…. for; punish sb. …for;apologize to sb…for ask…for16. was doing…+ when…+did•I________________ (do) my homework when she ______________ (walk) in.•I ________________ (play) when the UFO ________________ (arrive).•I was about to go to bed________ the phone rang.•He had hardly reached here ______ it began to snow.17. 坚持做某事__________ 不断做某事keep ______doing sth.18. 放弃give ___/ 屈服give ___ /分发give ___/发出（光；热）give ___19. 出问题有毛病be wrong ______20. 在农场里______ the farm21. She is so beautiful_______ many people like her.We study hard so _______we can have a good future.22. 由…制成（看出原材料）；be made ______由….制成（看不出原材料）be made______23. 整理sort ______24. 未经许可______ permission25. My clothes need ___________ (wash)26. The student had difficulty _________ (work) out the maths problem27. He tried __________ (work) out the problem.Why don”t you try __________ (change)a way?28. I can’t do anything ____ say sorry.I have no choice but ______ (accept) the factcan’t do anthing but do; can do nothing but do; have no choice but to do29. 提醒某人某事remind sb. _____ sth.30. I have little money _______(leave)31. Some students are playing football, and _______are playing baseball.32. 对…敏感be sensitive_____33. 节食；减肥be _____ a diet34. 给某人提供某物provide sb. ______ sth.35. 做某事失败；未能做没能做某事________________36. 作为回报___________37. 暴露于be exposed ___38. 突然all of ____ sudden39. 和往常一样___________40.在A 和B 之间___________41. 对某事生气；对某人生气be angry ____ sth. / be angry _____ sb.42. _______ (dress) in blue, she looks pretty._______ (dress) herself in blue, she look pretty._______ (lose) in thought, she didn’t notice me.43. mistake A ______Ｂ44. be mad _______ sb.45. be based __________ 以…为基础46. come _________ 偶然遇见47. from that day ______ 从那天起48. Everyone attended the meeting, ______________ (include) me., me ____________________ (include49. the answer _____ the question ；the key _______success50. She devoted her life to __________ (teach) in the mountain area.51. for ____ while 一会儿52. I spend most of my life _________ (enjoy) TV programms.53. have a talent _____ 有…的天赋54. ______ (face) with danger, he is always calm.______ (face) danger, he is always calm.55. thanks _______ 幸亏。
常考初中发音不规则单词汇总及分析
常考初中发音不规则单词汇总及分析-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN一．易错音标单词以下都为英式音标AAccurate ['ækjərət]Actually ['æktʃuəli]advise [əd'vaɪz]against [ə'ɡenst]although [ɔːl'ðəʊ]any ['eni]average ['ævərɪdʒ]Bbath [bɑːθ]Bathe[beɪð]Battery ['bætri]Blood [blʌd]Break [breɪk]Britain ['brɪtn]Build [bɪld]building ['bɪld ŋbusiness ['bɪznəs]CCalm [kɑːm]camel ['kæml]Canadian [kə'neɪdiən]cancel ['kænsl]Captain ['kæptɪn]Cause [kɔːz]Ceiling ['siːlɪŋ]Century ['sentʃʊrɪ]Certain ['sɜːt(ə)n; -tɪn]chicken ['tʃɪkɪn]Chocolate ['tʃɒklət]climb [klaɪm]Community [kə'mjuːnəti]competition [kɒmpə'tɪʃn]Conclusion [kən'kluːʒn]Courage ['kʌrɪdʒ]Ddecision [dɪ'sɪʒn] decorate ['dekəreɪt] Dealt [delt]Detail ['diːteɪl] Different ['dɪfrənt] direct [də'rekt]EEurope ['jʊərəp] Example [ɪɡ'zɑːmpl] experience [ɪk'spɪəriəns] experiment [ɪk'sperɪmənt] Ffail [feɪl]familiar [fə'mɪliə(r)]fear [fɪə(r)]Fuel ['fjuːəl]front [frʌnt]full [fʊl]Ggeography [dʒi'ɒɡrəfi] goal [ɡəʊl]Gym [dʒɪm]Hheight [haɪt]honest ['ɒnɪst]history ['hɪst(ə)rɪ]honour (美honor) ['ɒnə(r)] IInterest ['ɪnt(ə)rɪst]iron ['aɪən]island ['aɪlənd]JJuly [dʒu'laɪJune [dʒuːn]Kknife [naɪf]Llamb [læm]MMeant [ment] mile [maɪl] model ['mɒdl]Nnation ['neɪʃn] national ['næʃnəl] northern['nɔːðən] novel ['nɒvl]Oofficial [ə'fɪʃl] often ['ɒfn] Olympic [ə'lɪmpɪk] once [wʌns] opinion [ə'pɪnjən] Pparent ['peərənt] patient ['peɪʃnt] perfect['pɜːfɪkt] Please [pliːz] pleasure ['pleʒə(r)] poem ['pəʊɪm] Police [pə'liːs] private ['praɪvət] process ['prəʊses] pull [pʊl]Pupil ['pju.pl]Rrise (rose, risen) [raɪz]real [rɪəl]realise (美realize) ['rɪəlaɪz] Russian ['rʌʃn]SSaid [sed]science ['saɪəns]secret['siːkrət]seriously ['sɪəriəsli]single ['sɪŋɡl]smooth[smuːð]soldier ['səʊldʒə(r)]solve [sɒlv]strange [streɪndʒ]sugar ['ʃʊɡə(r)]suggestion [sə'dʒestʃən] surface['sɜːfɪs]survey['sɜːveɪ]Ttelevision=TV ['telɪvɪʒn] theatre(美theatre) ['θɪətə(r)] touch [tʌtʃ]tour [tʊə(r)]towel ['taʊəl]Uunless [ən'les]until [ən'tɪl]Vvarious ['veəriəs]vary['veərɪ]view[vjuː]video ['vɪdiəʊ]Wwhile [waɪl]wolf [wʊlf]women['wɪmɪn]worry ['wʌri]wounded['wuːndɪd]Yyoung [jʌŋ]Zzero ['zɪərəʊ]二、动词+ed 发音规则规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音：1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。
不规则动词记忆口诀
不规则动词记忆口诀在学习英语时，要记大量的单词词汇，还要记忆不规则动词，大家有什么好方法吗?下面由给你带来关于不规则动词记忆口诀，希望对你有帮助!一、AAA型即原形、过去式和过去分词三式都相同口诀1三句口诀任选一种(10个单词)助记口诀①：花钱cost 切割cut(门窗)，(头被)撞击hit，(心)受伤hurt;让let 读书read 放put;安置set 关闭shut 传播spread(厂)助记口诀②：2H(hit，hurt)花钱(cost)让(let)3S(set，shut，spread)放(put)(下)读书(read)(去)切割(cut)助记口诀③：让(let)他放(put)下砍(cut)刀去读书(read)，以免伤害(hurt)头被撞(hit)，还要花钱(cost)安置(set) 关闭(shut) 传播(spread)厂。
原形过去式过去分词(汉语意思)cost costcost 花费，值cutcutcut 切，割hithithit 撞，击hurt hurthurt 使…伤痛letletlet 让put putput 放read readread 读set setset 安排，安置shut shutshut 关闭spread spread spread 传播，散布注意：read--read--read发音分别是：[ri:d]--[red]--[red] 二. AAB型即原形和过去式相同口诀2打败天下无敌手，分加en(1个单词)原形过去式过去分词(汉语意思)beat beat beaten 打败三. ABA型即动词的过去分词与原形相同口诀3跑、来、成为、超越，元音字母变成a(4个单词)原形过去式过去分词(汉语意思)become became become 成为comecamecome 来run ranrun 跑overcome overcame overcome 超越四. ABB型即动词的过去式和过去分词相同口诀4教书被抓，有a则a，aught (2个单词)原形→aught →aught原形过去式过去分词(汉语意思)catch caught caught 捉,抓teach taught taught 教口诀5想带来买(个)打架，无a则o，ought (4个单词)原形→ought →ought原形过去式过去分词(汉语意思)bring brought brought 带来buy bought bought 买fight fought fought 打架think thought thought 思考口诀6加速射击喂牛遇见领导，“过分”后一个元音字母去掉了。
单词变复数的规则
单词变复数的规则单词复数形式变形规律大致分为三种情况：规则型变化、不规则型变化和不变型。
不可数名词没有复数形式，还有一些外来词汇遵守其自己的变化形式。
一、规则型变化1、一般词直接后+s，比如：book--books 书pen--pens 笔cat--cats 猫2、以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词在词后加es，比如：kiss--kisses 吻wish--wishes 愿望box--boxes 盒子3、以o结尾的词，有生命的+es，无生命的+s，比如：hero--heroes 英雄potato--potatoes 土豆radio--radios 收音机photo--photos 照片4、辅音字母+y结尾时，把y变成i，再+es，比如：city--cities 城市country--countries 国家5、元音字母+y结尾时，y不变，直接+s，比如：boy--boys 男孩toy--toys 玩具6、以f或fe结尾的，多数把f,fe变为v，再+es, 比如：leaf--leaves 树叶thief--thieves 小偷wife--wives 妻子但是两个元音字母+f结尾时，f不变，直接+s，比如：proof--proofs 证据roof--roofs 房顶二、不规则型man--men 男人woman--women 女人child--children 儿童foot--feet 脚mouse--mice 老鼠三、不变型fish--fish 鱼deer--deer 鹿sheep--sheep 羊Chinese--Chinese 中国人四、不可数名词没有复数形式，比如：water水、paper纸、wind风、milk牛奶、rain雨、snow雪五、外来词汇变化形式codex--codices 抄本larva--larvae 幼虫thesis--theses 论点cirterion--cirteria 电路。
六年级英语动词过去式词汇表
动词过去式词汇表不规则变化动词表1. is,am --- was 是(单数)2. are --- were 是（复数）3. do --- did 做4. don’t,doesn’t --- didn’t 没有做（否定）5. go --- went 去6. see --- saw 看见7. eat --- ate 吃8. buy --- bought 买9. have,has --- had 有10. wear --- wore 穿，戴11. fall --- fell 落下，倒下12. learn --- learnt, learned 学习13. take --- took 拿走14. make --- made 制作15. say --- said 说16. run --- ran 跑17. come --- came 来18. win --- won 赢得19. get --- got 得到20. put --- put 放21. cut --- cut 切，割22. hurt --- hurt 受伤规则变化动词表1. play --- played 玩2. stay --- stayed 停留3. clean --- cleaned 打扫4. finish --- finished 完成5. wash --- washed 洗6. help --- helped 帮助7. cook --- cooked 煮，炒8. phone --- phone 打电话9. watch --- watched 观看10. paint --- painted 画画11. listen --- listened 听12. walk --- walked 走路13. invent --- invented 发明14. print --- printed 印刷15. climb --- climbed 爬16. want --- wanted 想要17. cry --- cried 哭18. worry --- worried 担心19. happen --- happened 发生20. bump --- bumped 碰，撞。
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不规则动词：Count Infinitive Simple past Past participle1. arise arose arisenawoken2. awake awoke,awakened3. be was, were been4. bear bore born, borne5. beat beat beaten, beat6. become became become7. befall befell befallen8. begin began begun9. behold beheld beheld10. bend bent bent11. bet bet, betted bet, betted12. bid bid bid13. bind bound bound14. bite bit bitten15. bleed bled bled16. blow blew blown17. break broke broken18. breed bred bred19. bring brought brought20. broadcast broadcast broadcast21. browbeat browbeat browbeat22. build built built23. burn burnt, burned burnt, burned24. burst burst burst25. bust busted, bust busted, bust26. buy bought bought27. cast cast cast28. catch caught caught29. choose chose chosen30. cling clung clung31. come came come32. cost cost cost33. creep crept crept34. cut cut cut35. deal dealt dealt36. dig dug dug37. dive dived dived38. dive dove dived39. do did done40. draw drew drawn41. dream dreamt,dreamed dreamt, dreamed42. drink drank drunk43. drive drove driven44. dwell dwelt, dwelled dwelt, dwelled45. eat ate eaten46. fall fell fallen47. feed fed fed48. feel felt felt49. fight fought fought50. find found found51. fit fit fit52. fit fit, fitted fit, fitted53. flee fled fled54. fling flung flung55. fly flew flown56. forbid forbade forbidden57. forecast forecast forecast58. forego forewent foregone59. forgo forwent foregone60. foresee foresaw foreseen61. foretell foretold foretold62. forget forgot forgotten63. forgive forgave forgiven64. forsake forsook forsaken65. freeze froze frozen66. get got gotten, got67. give gave given68. go went gone69. grind ground ground70. grow grew grown71. hang hung hung72. have had had73. hear heard heard74. hide hid hidden75. hit hit hit76. hold held held77. hurt hurt hurt78. input input input79. inset inset inset80. interbreed interbred interbred81. interweave interwove interwoven82. keep kept kept83. kneel knelt, kneeled knelt, kneeled84. knit knit, knitted knit, knitted85. know knew known86. lay laid laid87. lead led led88. lean leaned, leant leaned, leant89. leap leapt, leaped90. learn learned, learnt learned, learnt91. leave left left92. lend lent lent93. let let let94. lie lay lain95. light lit, lighted lit, lighted96. lose lost lost97. make made made98. mean meant meant99. meet met met100. mishear misheard misheard 101. mislay mislaid mislaid102. mislead misled misled103. misread misread misread104. misspell misspelled,misspelt misspelled, misspelt105. mistake mistook mistaken 106. misunderstand m isunderstood misunderstood107. mow mowed mowed, mow 108. outbid outbid outbid109. outdo outdid outdone 110. outgrow outgrew outgrown 111. outrun outran outrun112. outsell outsold outsold113. overcast overcast overcast 114. overcome overcame overcome 115. overdo overdid overdone 116. overdraw overdrew overdrawn 117. overeat overate overeaten 118. overhang overhung overhung 119. overhear overheard overheard 120. overlay overlaid overlaid121. overlie overlay overlain122. overpay overpaid overpaid 123. override overrode overridden 124. overrun overran overrun125. oversee oversaw overseen 126. oversell oversold oversold 127. overshoot overshot overshot 128. oversleep overslept overslept 129. overtake overtook overtaken 130. overthrow overthrew overthrown 131. partake partook partaken 132. pay paid paid133. plead pled, pleaded pled, pleaded 134. pre-set pre-set pre-set135. proofread proofread proofread 136. prove proved proven, proved 137. put put put138. quit quit, quitted quit, quitted 139. read read read140. rebind rebound rebound 141. rebuild rebuilt rebuilt142. recast recast recast143. redo redid redone144. re-lay re-laid re-laid145. remake remade remade146. repay repaid repaid147. rerun reran rerun148. resell resold resold149. reset reset reset150. rethink rethought rethought 151. rewind rewound rewound 152. rewrite rewrote rewritten 153. rid rid rid154. ride rode ridden155. ring rang rung156. rise rose risen157. run ran run158. say said said159. see saw seen160. seek sought sought161. sell sold sold162. send sent sent163. set set set164. sew sewed sewn, sewed 165. shake shook shaken166. shear sheared shorn, sheared 167. shed shed shed168. shine shined, shone shined, shone 169. shit shit, shat shit, shat 170. shoot shot shot171. show showed shown, showed 172. shrink shrank, shrunk shrunk173. shut shut shut174. sing sang sung175. sit sat sat176. slay slew slain177. sleep slept slept178. slide slid slid179. sling slung slung180. slit slit slit181. smell smelled, smelt smelled, smelt 182. speak spoke spoken183. speed sped, speeded sped, speeded 184. spell spelled, spelt spelled, spelt 185. spend spent spent186. spin spun spun187. spit spit, spat spit, spat 188. split split split189. spoil spoiled, spoilt spoiled, spoilt 190. spoon-feed spoon-fed spoon-fed 191. spread spread spread192. spring sprang, sprung sprung193. stand stood stood194. steal stole stolen195. stick stuck stuck196. sting stung stung197. stink stank, stunk stunk198. strew strewed strewn, strewed 199. stride strode stridden200. strive strove striven201. strike struck stricken202. strike struck struck, stricken 203. string strung strung204. strive strove, strived striven, strived 205. swear swore sworn206. sweep swept swept207. swell swelled swollen, swelled 208. swim swam swum209. swing swung swung210. take took taken211. teach taught taught212. tear tore torn213. tell told told214. think thought thought215. throw threw thrown216. thrust thrust thrust217. tread trod trodden, trod218. unbind unbound unbound219. underlie underlay underlain220. understand understood understood221. undertake undertook undertaken222. underwrite underwrote underwritten223. undo undid undone224. unwind unwound unwound225. uphold upheld upheld226. upset upset upset227. wake woke, waked woken, waked228. wear wore worn229. weave wove woven230. wed wed, wedded wed, wedded231. weep wept wept232. wet wet, wetted wet, wetted233. win won won234. wind wound wound235. withdraw withdrew withdrawn236. wring wrung wrung237. write wrote written不规则名词:Count Singular Plural1 . addendum addenda2 . alumna alumnae3 . alumnus alumni4 . analysis analyses5 . antenna antennas6 . apparatus apparatuses7 . appendix appendices, appendixes8 . axis axes9 . bacillus bacilli10 . bacterium bacteria11 . basis bases12 . beau beaux13 . buffalo buffalos, buffaloes14 . bureau bureaus15 . cactus cactuses16 . calf calves17 . child children18 . corps corps19 . corpus corpora, corpuses20 . crisis crises21 . criterion criteria22 . curriculum curricula23 . data,datum data24 . deer deer25 . diagnosis diagnoses26 . echo echoes27 . elf elves28 . ellipsis ellipses29 . embargo embargoes30 . emphasis emphases31 . erratum errata32 . fireman firemen33 . fish fish34 . focus focuses35 . foot feet36 . formula formulas37 . fungus fungi, funguses38 . genus genera39 . goose geese40 . half halves41 . hero heroes42 . hypothesis hypotheses43 . index indices, indexes44 . knife knives45 . leaf leaves46 . life lives47 . loaf loaves48 . louse lice49 . man men50 . matrix matrices51 . means means52 . medium media53 . millennium millenniums, milennia54 . moose moose55 . mosquito mosquitoes56 . mouse mice57 . nebula nebulae, nebulas58 . neurosis neuroses59 . nucleus nuclei60 . oasis oases61 . ovum ova62 . ox oxen63 . paralysis paralyses64 . parenthesis parentheses65 . person people66 . phenomenon phenomena67 . potato potatoes68 . radius radii, radiuses69 . scarf scarfs, scarves70 . self selves71 . series series72 . sheep sheep73 . shelf shelves74 . scissors scissors75 . species species76 . stimulus stimuli77 . stratum strata78 . syllabus syllabi, syllabuses79 . symposium symposia, symposiums80 . synthesis syntheses81 . synopsis synopses82 . tableau tableaux83 . that those84 . thesis theses85 . thief thieves86 . this these87 . tomato tomatoes88 . tooth teeth89 . torpedo torpedoes90 . vertebra vertebrae91 . veto vetoes92 . vita vitae93 . watch watches94 . wife wives95 . wolf wolves96 . woman women97 . zero zeros, zeroes。